Femicide - Knowledge

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compared to other first world countries. It wasn't until the year 2020 when the age of consent was raised from 13 to 16, with a stipulation that the perpetrator must be 19 or older to be prosecuted for sex crimes against victims between the age of 13 and 16. Additionally, the fact that just 30% of judges and less than 4% of police personnel are women clearly affects how crimes of this sort are handled by the Korean judicial system. Even in cases where prosecutors successfully prosecute a defendant for a sex offense, the offenders are usually given a suspended sentence. Additionally, due to the country's strict legal definitions, it is still challenging to prove rape and other sex crimes in South Korea and some defendants have even exploited South Korea's tough defamation laws to sue their alleged victims for defamation making victims scared to come forward. Ultimately, women that face intimate partner violence or femicide in Korea are left feeling isolated and disenfranchised, neglected by the legal system and socially outcast while having to increasingly worry about femicide rates rising.

4977:. Some feminists argue that the culture in Guatemala is to blame. They cite that many male judges and other male government officials are sympathetic to the view that men's actions are justified, because they remain within the private sphere of the home. Attorney Romeo Silverio Gonzalez argued for this viewpoint when he stated that the new laws of Decree 22 were unconstitutional. He said that the laws were in contradiction to the private affairs of marriage. Attorney General Claudia Paz countered his viewpoint, ultimately defending the laws by justifying their existence because they protect women's rights. Overall, the legislation of these new laws has helped Guatemala improve the awareness of femicide and reporting of the crime, but enforcement and justice for femicide still have not been achieved. Femicide as the socially tolerated murder of women in Guatemala relies on the presence of systematic impunity, historically rooted gender inequalities, and the pervasive normalization of violence as a social relation. 4973:. They also created the Office of the Presidential Commission Against Femicide, enforcing the concept in the government and an anti-femicide unit of the National Police. Some results of the laws have proved encouraging, allowing many women to now report violence perpetrated against them. In the first month of 2010, a total of 27,000 women reported violence against them to the state, a large increase in the number of reported crimes. The laws also have helped several people jail their assailants, and have increased the severity of punishments for perpetrators. However, the actual enforcement of the new laws has been varied. Few offenders are ever actually convicted for the specific crime of femicide, and there are only three public prosecution offices in the entire country able to deal with the issue of femicide. In fact, only 127 convictions in 2010 occurred for female violence even though 46,000 cases overall were registered. Also, from 2000 to 2008, 98 percent of all femicide cases have remained in 4706:

collating femicides, we can see that these killings are not isolated incidents, and many follow repeated patterns." By taking an intersectional approach to the data campaigners, academics and journalists are able to highlight patterns of concern, such as the numbers of older women being killed, those killed by partners and ex-lovers, or those killed during lockdown. On average, in the UK, a woman is killed by a man every three days, or by a current or former partner, every four days. The data is not gathered in Scotland. Data published in 2022 shows that in year ending March 2021, 177 women were murdered in England and Wales( for comparison, 416 men were killed in this period). Where there was a known suspect, 92% of the women were killed by men.

4451:"privately". In South Korea two legislations that protected women were enacted for the first time in 1997. "Special Action Punishment of Domestic Violence Crimes" legislation was established to punish the perpetrators. This law states if someone is found to be guilty of psychological, mental and physical violence the perpetrator will be fined or face jail time. The "Act on Prevention of Domestic Violence and Protection of Victims" legislation is used to protect the victims by reporting systems, provision of protection facilities and support services for victims. Even though this law protects victims it is limited since it only protects married couples and does not address couples who are not married and face intimate partner violence. 5155:

Indigenous women and girls. Exclusionary politics and legal discrimination throughout the history of Canada, means that the violence faced by Indigenous women and girls has gone unacknowledged, serving to further state-controlled colonial power over Indigenous peoples. The scattered reports of femicide in Canada indicate a lack of understanding of how various acts of gender, race, class, and sexuality all intersect to create the environment of violence Indigenous women are subjected to. While femicide in Canada affects all women, it disproportionately targets the lives of Indigenous women and girls due to historical and ongoing actions of colonialism within the state.

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Femicide resulted from the countries' responsiveness to feminist demands. In Mexico, feminicides became successful because of good campaigning by local feminists connected to national arenas and through the intervention of feminist federal legislators. A known Mexican female activist, Marcela Lagarde, saw the rise of women being murdered in Mexico and demanded that the state take responsibility for the killings. She brought in the concept of femicide (the murder of females), which quickly spread to Latin America, and as of 2017, femicide and feminicide became crimes in 18 countries.

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in Central America have tried making transportation safer (see below for policy solutions). Other scholars, such as Itallurde, point to the culpability of corporations "based on the concepts and doctrines of tortuous negligence, failure to protect, and aiding and abetting". Other scholars, such as historians Steven Volk and Marian Schlotterbeck, hypothesize that there may be a "macho backlash" behind these killings: "Certainly male egos, of fathers and would-be boyfriends, must suffer some deflation from this dramatic change in the economic influence of these young women."

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inferior from men. These values also hold that women have only three roles: Daughter, wife, and mother and that women must obey the head of the family, that is to say her father before marriage and her husband after marriage. South Korea's traditional patriarchal culture and values assign strict roles to female members, as well as their strong belief that a woman's place should be with her family no matter what, cause women to be wary of reporting violence towards them due to fear of bringing shame to the family or affecting the family’ social status.

4464: 5057: 1390: 5125:. Unfortunately, in many cases, homicidal acts towards Indigenous females often aren't characterized as femicides, indicating that not all victims of femicide are treated in the same framework. Yet the research indicates that certain ethnic groups are at a greater risk for femicide compared to the rest of the population. To understand these statistics in Canada, an intersectional approach must be considered, to recognize the historical and ongoing effects of 66: 3408: 4225:, where natural hardships such as famines reinforced cultural norms favoring sons, and encouraged hard-pressed families to abandon or kill their infant daughters. Furthermore, daughters became liabilities, as gender was also crucial to the system of ancestor worship, in which only sons were allowed to carry out ritual sacrifices. Thus, "if a couple failed to produce a son, its crucial links to the past and future were broken". 4516:

to polls, only 26% of the population voted in favor of leaving. In the past the president has stated, that the women's rights movement is diverting women from their original roles as mothers and wives, while also normalizing tolerance to homosexuality. National women's rights organizations, who had been criticizing lack of implementation of the convention for years, now have concerns about rising femicide rates in Turkey.

4008: 25: 3854:, and a lowered rate of femicide. One explanation of this correlation is that implementing these measures has positively affected lowering the femicide rate. Other effective legislation against femicide include legislation that defines civil injunction relief, defines physical abuse as a criminal offense', allows arrest without a warrant, requires data collection and reporting, and provides funds for women's shelters. 3759:, and other forms of violence are also found to escalate over time within a familial relationship, possibly resulting in femicide. The prevalence of intimate partner femicide is said to dispel the myth that women have the most to fear from strangers, and instead are most often killed within the private sphere of the home. Argued by Jacquelyn Campbell, a common motive that causes men to kill their intimate partners is 5001:

were either not reported or not investigated." One activist, Natalia Reyes, reported that only 8 percent of femicides in Mexico are punished. Almost 35,000 people were murdered in 2019, Mexico's most violent year on record. Additionally, in 2012, Mexico was ranked as the 16th country in the world with the highest rates of femicides. In August 2021, a total of 108 femicides occurred in Mexico, the highest since 2019.

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These changes have been made due to global human rights norms, like the 1994 Inter-American Convention on the Prevention and the Eradication of Violence against Women, which expresses that gender violence is the state's responsibility. Nevertheless, these international norms are not regulated. They do not implement how a state should exercise new laws and policies to enforce violence against women.

4329:, resulting in pressures to have a son. Some regions in India have incentivized parents to birth daughters by offering money to families with girls, in order to offset the expenses associated with having a daughter. However, there have been research studies analysing femicide policy, specifically in relation to India, that have found "the criminalization of sex selection has not been successful". 3978:, "domination is exemplified in the punishment of lesbians as outsiders in patriarchal culture" Dr. Hawthorne goes on to elaborate that lesbians are often killed, tortured, or generally denied rights, due to their invisibility in terms of political power and social representation: "When it comes to campaigns on violence against women, lesbians are either left out or included only in a footnote". 182: 127: 7535: 4896:, item VI, paragraph 2, of art. 121, when committed "against a woman on grounds of female condition". The Paragraph 2-A, of art. 121, complements the section, by stating that there are reasons of female condition when the crime involves domestic and family violence or contempt or discrimination against women. The penalty for this crime is 12 to 30 years in prison. 4064:, or identifies as something other than heterosexual e.g lesbian or asexual. The goal of corrective rape is to "correct" the victim's sexual orientation and make them heterosexual or behave in a more gender-conforming manner. This has led to death in some cases. There are documented cases of corrective rape in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Ecuador, and Thailand. 5104:, ethnic heterogeneity, and decreased collective efficacy (social cohesion among neighbors) are all found to be linked to increased femicide rates in that area. Also, reporting of female victims of femicide in the US is stymied, due to the assumption that female victims are not an anomaly, but are driven by their perceived vulnerability and passivity. 4508:, a city in Southeastern Anatolia, 40% of the respondents supported honor killing. In some court cases this has led the court to decide to send the entire family to prison. For example, in 2009, an entire Kurdish family was sent to prison for life, because they were involved in the honor killing of their daughter, who got pregnant after being raped. 4592:, most femicides are committed by family members. Also, while male victims of homicide have been in a sharp decline in recent years, the number of women murdered in Europe, not necessarily at the hands of a partner or family member, remains constant, with a slight increase from 2013 to 2015. From 2013 to 2017, 30 European countries joined a COST ( 7835:"Intentional homicides, female (per 100,000 female) - Germany, Turkiye, Austria, Poland, Norway, Switzerland, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark, Netherlands, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Greece, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia | Data" 5216:

a life-or-death situation if they are locked in with violent partners or relatives. "The increasing economic instability and unemployment rates worldwide" has led to "heightened violence" for women. Additionally, there has been an increase in calls to domestic violence hotlines in various countries since the lockdown began.

4916:. Her murderer was found guilty, and was sentenced to 48 years in prison. The challenge now becomes implementing the law. Miguel Emilio La Rota, head of public policy and planning at Colombia's attorney general's office, said that the prosecutor's office must change how it investigates femicide. Colombia prosecuted a 4237:, however, disagrees with the tendency to characterize female infanticide as "the unfortunate consequence of Chinese population control and modernization policies". She defines female infanticide as "part of a crime of gender", which she refers to as "social femicide", and relates it to the broader problem of 5279:

Some countries have passed laws belonging to femicide or crimes labeled as feminicides. In Mexico and Nicaragua, female activists became involved in legal activism so their state could increase responsibility for female violence. During a small political opportunity with a strict regime in Nicaragua,

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There has been large demonstrations in Mexico against femicides; however, most took place after 11 February 2020. This was the day seven-year old Fatima Cecilia was kidnapped from school. She was found dead in a plastic bag a couple of days later. A movement called "Un Dia Sin Mujeres" (a day without

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estimates that there have been around 34,000 female homicides in Mexico between 1986 and 2009. According to the National Citizen Observatory on Femicide, only 49 percent of the 800 cases of women killed in Mexico between June and July 2017 were investigated as femicide. In 2018, "93 percent of crimes

4504:. Even though that region has the highest rate of honor killings, which means that the killings are primarily committed by people born outside that region. The reason behind this is the fact that honor killings are still receiving support in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia. According to a survey in 4446:

In the study, four victims chose the police as a support to escape their abuser. They decided to call the police when the relationship became a risk for their health. Two out of the four victims shared their negative experiences with the police. The police refused to get involved because they thought

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is traditionally associated with a white, middle class, female victim, leaves victims of different races and social classes to receive unequal care, and it can also lead to more victimization of the woman who is murdered/abused due to not aligning with the vulnerability which is typically expected of

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Feminists Desmond Ellis and Walter Dekesedery take a different approach, viewing the definition of femicide as "the intentional killing of females by males". They require that femicide be intentional, unlike the inclusion of covert femicide in Diana Russell's definition. Femicides are also identified

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Femicide may also be 'intimate.' Intimate femicide can be identified as such by using "severity of violence, such as access to and threats with firearms, forced sex, threats to kill, and strangulation" to determine whether a case can be considered an act of femicide or not. The definition of femicide

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lead not only to heightened rates of domestic violence and suicide by girls and young women, but also to increased rates of femicide. Around 50,000 women were being murdered every year. This was due to the stay-at-home measures, that increased the levels of isolation for women and girls. This became

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In 2016, Mexico had a rate of female homicides of 4.6 femicides per 100,000, and there were a total of 2,746 female deaths with the presumption of homicide, but that has more than doubled in the past 5 years. On average, about 10 women are killed everyday. In this year, the top three states with the

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has followed 16 other Latin American countries by passing a law defining and punishing femicide for being a specific crime. On 6 July 2015, the government of Colombia passed a law that legally defines femicide as a crime with 20 to 50 years of jail time. This new law is named after Rosa Elvira Cely,

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It has been observed that many of the women killed in Ciudad Juárez are young mothers who migrate to this region seeking employment in maquiladoras. They then become easy targets, due to the fact that they are separated from their family, and are typically alone when traveling home. Policy solutions

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In 2020, 300 women died as a result of femicide in Turkey, which is 174 (36%) less than the year before It is important to note that the source started differentiating between confirmed femicides and suspicious deaths in 2020, so the more representative numbers to compare are: 474 in 2019 and 471 in

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In a study focusing on the experiences of 14 female victims of intimate partner femicide in getting help with domestic violence found that victims didn't talk to their family or sought them out for support. Only one participant escaped their abusive relationship because their parents saw the bruises

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In South Korea, violence towards women has been increasing. In 2012, a man named Oh Won-choon killed a woman while attempting to sexually assault her while going home. In 2014, while waiting for a bus, a woman was stabbed to death by a drunk man. Then in 2016, a 34-year-old whose surname is Kim

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Data on femicide worldwide is poor, and often countries do not report gender differences in murder statistics. Many communities do not have access to resources or accurate data. In addition, reporting data on migrants is particularly scarce. High-income countries have seen more decreases in femicide

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refers to the killing of elderly females, and "this may be because they are elderly or because they are women, or for both reasons." One challenge of characterizing female geronticide is defining age; in other words, who can be considered an elder. This changes according to culture which itself is a

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There has been an increase in the amount of femicides linked to intimate partner violence. In the US, about 67% of the women killed by their partners are killed with a gun. Access to guns therefore plays an important role in this. On average, 70 American women are "shot and killed" by their intimate

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is the special rapporteur to the UN. She has been an advocate of anti-femicide policy implementation. She has presented the UN with reports such as "Modalities for the establishment of femicides/gender-related killings". Dr. Šimonović has also proposed a "femicide watch" program to monitor femicide

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across the state that were federally operated. Sterilization policies were implemented as a way to reduce the size and influence of Indigenous communities, resulting in there being about 1,200 cases of forced or coerced sterilization, that directly targeted the reproductive rights and properties of

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within the country. Canada's continued negligence as a state to examine the effects of colonialism on Indigenous peoples has related to the high risk of femicide, and violence for Indigenous women and girls. Failure to acknowledge the deaths of Indigenous women ignores the decades of inequality and

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can be difficult to come across, since possible acts of femicide are regularly labelled as the killing of a spouse. However, femicide is a widespread violent act that takes place in countries all over the world, and Canada is no exception. In 2019, there was a total of 678 homicides Canada-wide, of

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In Europe, agencies have funded initiatives on gender and violence but not specifically on femicide. Research is in its infancy and uncoordinated. A COST Action IS1206 has established the first pan-European coalition on femicide with researchers who are already studying the phenomenon nationally to

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In March 2021, via presidential decree, the Turkish government made the decision to leave the Istanbul convention, making it the first and only country in the Council of Europe to have withdrawn from any international human rights convention. This has sparked outrage in the population, as according

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The legal system does not favor women suffering from femicide and intimate partner femicide. Victims find it hard to report an aggressive male behavior, domestic partner violence, and violence towards women due to the idea that sexual assault and domestic violence is a matter that should be handled

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that what they were experiencing were normal relationship conflicts. These victims saw that current laws in South Korea are inadequate for protecting them from domestic femicide victims. They were deeply frustrated about it and they felt anxious and scared since they felt no one could protect them.

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as "the removal of part or all of the external female genitalia and/or injury to the female genetic organs for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons". Female genital mutilation results in femicide when women and girls die, due to unhygienic practices of FGM that result in infection or death, as

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Colonialism produces a sense of dominant authoritative power that allows for the disregard of Indigenous individuals, and in this case, a disregard for the murders of Indigenous females. Indigenous women are reported to be five times more likely to experience violence and death compared with other

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In El Salvador, an endeavor has been made to create multiple government centers that house many gender-specific services in one place, to cut down on commute time, and to increase the physical safety of women as they seek services such as counseling, child care, and reproductive health. "The first

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and Clarrie O'Callaghan, justifies it as bringing data together in this way "significantly improves upon currently available data by providing detailed comparable data about femicides in the UK since 2009, including demographic and social factors and the methods men selected to kill women. By

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had the highest rate of female homicides in the world: 58.4 per 100,000. The rates of femicide in the municipality of Juárez have decreased significantly in just five years; in 2011, the rate of female deaths with the presumption of homicides was 31.49 per 100,000, and by 2016 it had decreased to

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On the other hand, despite the increased rigor of criminal law, in a survey carried out by the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo, in 2019, there were 1,310 murders resulting from domestic violence or motivated by gender, characteristics of femicide. It was an increase of 7.2% compared to 2018. In 2023,

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The rise in violence towards women has made women fearful. In 2019, The South Korean government released the 2019 Domestic Violence Survey Study that found that only 27.6 percent of women over the age of 13 feel society is safe for them. The study also found that women accounted for 98 percent of

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now specifically prohibits dowry, the reported number of dowry-related deaths of women has almost doubled from 4,836 to 8,383 over the past twenty years (1990–2009). The code is also criticized for having a low impact on the criminalization of perpetrators, noted in the low conviction rate of ten

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These definitions distinguish femicide from non-gendered descriptions of murder and homicide. Instead, femicide exemplifies that women are killed for different reasons and motives from those associated with typical descriptions of murder. Globally, femicide has seldom been investigated separately

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publicized the term at the Crimes Against Women Tribunal in 1976 at the first International Tribunal on Crimes against Women in Belgium. She wrote: "We must realize that a lot of homicide is femicide. We must recognize the sexual politics of murder. From the burning of witches in the past, to the

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In Latin America there have been many new laws to label the murders of women as femicide or feminicide using the definition of a woman by a man based on misogyny. At the same time, feminicide goes beyond this definition and implicates the state's complicity in maintaining violence against women.

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All officials involved in a gender-based crime should be adequately trained in order to offer support. Service workers, police officers, and legal professionals are some of the groups that should receive extensive training on signs of violence in different social groups, including minorities and

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However, there have been some actions taken to address this issue. The criminalization of femicide and various laws passed in specific countries have aimed to stop this problem. In addition, the United Nations has taken a role in stopping this with a commission that calls for action to be taken.

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first enacted COST (Cooperation on Science and Technology), a program known as COST Action. COST Action led to four different femicide research groups: definitions, data collection, cultural issues, and advocacy and prevention. Thirty countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding with COST that

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Olivia Shieber, a senior program manager of foreign and defense policy studies, describes Korean courts as lenient with sex crime punishments. In 2013, the Korean Supreme court upheld the country's first spousal rape conviction which is something in which South Korea was lagging behind when

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Male serial murderers tend to use more brutal methods of killing, such as suffocation and beatings. In contrast, women use poison or less violent measures. In addition, while a large percentage of male serial killers focus on women as their targets, female serial killers are less likely to focus

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narrows the definition of femicide to "the killing of females by males because they are female". Russell emphasizes that males commit femicide with sexist motives. She replaces "woman" with "female" to include girls and infants. Russell believes her definition of femicide applies to all forms of

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and Mexico. The Latin American region includes 5 of the 12 countries with the highest rate of femicide in the world. According to Julia Estela Monárrez-Fragoso of the Colegio de la Frontera Norte based in Ciudad Juárez, victims are often blamed for being out late at night, or for hanging around

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While these numbers may not be completely accurate; it is estimated that there are more femicide, and intimate partner femicide cases not being reported due to Confucianist influences on South Korean society. Confucianism believes women should be subordinate to men and assumes women's status as

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Female infanticide is the killing of female infants. It is found all over the world regardless of a country's sophistication. A common misconception is that it is only related to abortions, but it also includes "girl-child murders". Female infanticide plays an important role in the imbalance of

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has championed the use of femicide as a concept by incorporating the term in its constitution: Decree 22. Lawmakers in this country passed Decree 22 in 2008 that defined Laws Against Femicide and Other Forms of Violence Against Women. These laws include 28 articles about prosecutable types of

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and considered a "crime against humanity." While authors acknowledge "crimes are committed by individuals and not by abstract entities", the prevalence of domestic violence constitutes an epidemic. Contemporary feminists believe that re-framing intimate partner violence as a state crime and a

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in the reproductive age group, with causes ranging from domestic abuse, forced marriage, casting out of widows, and lack of property rights. In this context, there is minimal acceptance and respect of young girls and women, and often an absence of family support. This results in a variety of

3540:, which aimed to raise female class consciousness and resistance against gender oppression. The term has been used to call attention to violence against women. American author Carol Orlock is widely credited with initiating this usage of the term in her unpublished anthology on femicide. 4827:, the state's failure to enforce laws protecting women from femicide is seen as highly problematic. The report argues that enforcing laws against the murder of women is a low priority of state governments, due to patriarchal beliefs, and assumptions about the role of women in society. 4798:. This term inspired feminists in Latin America to organize anti-femicide groups to challenge this social injustice towards women. The use of the term femicide, and the creation of anti-femicide feminist organizations, spread from Mexico, to many other Latin American countries, like 4127:. Specifically, the advent of films that eroticize violence and murder of women has been correlated to the desires of serial killers. Numerous serial murderers filmed their victims as they violently killed them. However, the link between pornography and serial murders is not proven. 4565:

advance research clarity, agree on definitions, improve the efficacy of policies for femicide prevention, and publish guidelines for the use of national policy-makers. EU reports show that additional support has been needed during the period of pandemic lockdown in many countries

5142:, in addition to the gendered violence of femicide. However, more often than not, these murders are regarded as a spousal homicide, rather than femicide, disregarding the violence and oppression Indigenous women face. In the mid-twentieth century, Indigenous women and girls were 4443:

and called the police. Victims were scared to talk to their families. They were scared that their parents would get angry and be saddened by seeing their daughters get abused. Additionally, it is also taboo for women to talk about their romantic relationships with their parents.

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5–8% of all murders committed by male perpetrators are cases of intimate partner homicide. For example, a 2020 examination from media and internet sources of every single murder of an elderly woman in Israel committed between 2006 and 2015 revealed that all the cases of female

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Legal solutions to femicide include making laws and policies to prevent violence against women, as well as domestic and family violence. It has been suggested by some that countries should consider improving the status of women in and create laws that support gender equality.

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were committed between the years of 2003 and 2007. It is important, however, that according to the World Data Bank, femicide rates in Turkey were 0.9 women killed due to violence against women per 100k women. Which ranks it about the same femicide rate as Istanbul-convention

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Medieval Europe: secular and religious doctrine mandated death for lesbianism. "The famous 1260 Code of Orleans in France secularized the prohibition of lesbianism, mandating that for the first two offenses, a woman would 'lose her member'; for the third offense she would be

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more recent widespread custom of female infanticide in many societies, to the killing of women for 'honor,' we realize that femicide has been going on a long time. But since it involves mere females, there was no name for it until Carol Orlock invented the word 'femicide.

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There is considerable debate over whether men or women are more likely to commit intimate violence with studies from the US and UK finding large variations across race, age, and income. However abuse resulting in police action are largely committed by men against women.

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accounts for the deaths of more than five women daily, and 70% of the total deaths of women among high-income countries. One of the largest predictors of femicide in the United States is the appearance of physical abuse, which was found in 79% of all femicide cases in

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2020, a decrease of about 0,5% . According to the same source, suspicious deaths have been rising for the past years. Totaling the numbers from confirmed and suspicious deaths in 2021 497 have been killed, in 2020 471 have been killed and in 2019 474 have been killed.

3887:, and shapes both femicide itself, and the ways it is addressed by the local community, the police, the media, and the legal system." Russell and Radford assert that when looking at femicide within the United States specifically, one must consider the politics of 4868:

Central American policymakers have experimented with creating "female-friendly urban zones". "Pink" public transportation networks have been established in Mexico, Brazil, El Salvador, and Guatemala to provide women-only forms of public transportation to stem

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victims in intimate partner femicide (domestic violence) cases. In 2019 32,000 sex crimes against women were reported; that is 12,000 more cases than in 2010. All the while domestic violence cases have reached 50,000 in 2019 compared to 6,800 cases in 2011.

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Attempting to prevent femicide could include implementing laws that would specifically work to improve the safety of women and address the risk factors mentioned. For example, harsher punishments for those that murder a woman solely based on their gender.

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Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Jennifer; Misra, Tiffany A.; Selwyn, Candice; Rohling, Martin L. (2012). "Rates of Bidirectional Versus Unidirectional Intimate Partner Violence Across Samples, Sexual Orientations, and Race/Ethnicities: A Comprehensive Review".

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Intimate partner femicide is the most common form of femicide, and high violence and crime rates in these countries also contribute to this issue. There is a lack of an organized system to record information and statistical data to support this issue.

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Every year, an average of 66,000 women are violently killed globally, accounting for approximately 17% of all victims of intentional homicides. In 2022, the number of women and girls killed globally was nearly 89,000. According to a 2000 report by the

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Perrin, Nancy; Marsh, Mendy; Clough, Amber; Desgroppes, Amelie; Yope Phanuel, Clement; Abdi, Ali; Kaburu, Francesco; Heitmann, Silje; Yamashina, Masumi; Ross, Brendan; Read-Hamilton, Sophie; Turner, Rachael; Heise, Lori; Glass, Nancy (8 March 2019).

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female victims. Manshel also traces the history of assaults of Black women, and she makes the distinction that "the circumstances" of white victims were "wholly different" from those of "enslaved women" in the 19–20th century, and she proposes that

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A "feminist reconceptualization" claims a structural system is to blame for the murder of women rather than violent individuals. It is cross-cultural structure on a mass scale, and is suggested to be considered as a human rights violation by the

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updated their policy by recognizing that "gender-related killing of women and girls was criminalized in some countries as 'femicide' or 'feminicide', and has been incorporated as such into national legislation in those countries." Currently, Dr.

7834: 4815:"questionable" areas, such as discotecas or nightclubs. Between 2000 and 2010, more than five thousand Guatemalan women and girls were murdered. Guatemala's historical record reveals a long history of acceptance of gendered violence, and the 3642:

and Carol Runyan use "femicide" to reference "all killings of women, regardless of motive or perpetrator status". They argue that motive cannot always be determined, and so must be removed from the qualification for femicide to gather data.

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or kill the woman if she cheats on him or leaves him, when there is elevated alcohol or drug abuse by either partner, or when a male attempts to control a woman's freedom. Two-fifths of intimate partner femicide is related to the use of

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during the first half of the year, the country had already recorded 722 cases of femicide, 2.6% more than crimes of the same nature recorded in the same period of 2022, according to data from the Brazilian Public Security Forum (FBSP).

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Fatality reviews could aid in addressing what contributes to femicide. This practice helps identify risk factors and encourages prevention. In general, more research on femicide would contribute to the creation of potential solutions.

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In present-day China, despite official condemnation and outrage, female infanticide continues. In late 1982, the Chinese press was the first to indicate that female infanticide was being practiced as the final option to circumvent the

4102:. The ways serial murderers are portrayed in the media reflect the views on femicide and gender in society. Often, murders of prostitutes, low-income women, and women of color by serial killers receive less attention in the media than 3650:

South Asian feminists differ, stating that femicide is "the intentional killing of females by men, and of females by other females in the interests of men". Examples include neglect of female children in preference of males as well as

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and the Femicide Census to better identify femicide, to improve the knowledge of it, and to encourage improved methods to end it. This included raising awareness of the data produced by the Femicide Census The organisation, led by

4846:, a history of civil wars, and other cultural influences can also contribute to this issue, specifically in Latin America. Torture, mutilation, defacement, sexual assault, and the dumping of bodies is a common trend with femicide. 6639: 5117:

these cases 144 of the victims were female. Additionally, the rate at which female victims were killed by a spouse or intimate partner, was over eight times greater than the number of males killed by a spouse or intimate partner.

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was a gathering of multiple independent states who had a common goal of acknowledging and addressing femicide. However, the convention "is not a treaty, and not legally binding for all states", and thus is not an official policy.

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is often used to reduce the time male killers serve in prison. Conversely, women are not often as successful with using this idea of provocation in their murder trials, and judges are statistically less likely to accept claims of

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woman's murder as a femicide for the first time in 2018, sentencing Davinson Stiven Erazo Sánchez to twenty years in a psychiatric center for "aggravated femicide" a year after he killed Anyela Ramos Claros, a transgender woman.

5120:

Historically speaking, less data exists regarding femicide in Canada; however, what is available shows a disproportionate amount of violence and femicide towards Indigenous women. Reports of the last few decades indicate over

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are much higher than murderers born in other regions. With 24% of the murderers born in Southeastern Anatolia and 21% in Eastern Anatolia, they share the top spot. While in comparison, only 8% of the murderers are born in the

4861:

There is a growing social awareness around this issue with #NiUnaMenos (Not One Woman Less) or #NiUnaMas (Not One More Woman). Lastly, female friendly urban zones have been created as a concrete solution. These zones include

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researchers have found is the escalation of violence towards LGBT members when they were met with "unwanted heterosexual advances". The community agrees that violent crimes and homicides are heterogeneous phenomenons.

4605: 765: 8127:

Gary Nunn, 24 September 2019, BBC, accessed 25 September 2019 "On average, one woman a week is murdered by her current or former partner in Australia, according to the most recent Australian Institute of Criminology

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Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, France, Italy, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Spain, Finland, Hungary, Lithuania, Slovakia, Switzerland, and United

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was a famous soccer player who played for the South Africa women's national football team and LGBTQ+ rights activist; her murder was a highly publicized instance of simultaneous corrective rape and lesbicide in

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Weil, S. 2015, "Combatting femicide in multiple ways: the COST Action IS1206 on Femicide across Europe". In: Filip A and Platzer M (eds) Femicide: Targeting Women in Conflict 3. Vienna: ACUNS, pp. 139–141.

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or rape. "Coupled with the judicial system's weaknesses, violence is abetted by the same government that aims to protect and defend. High levels of impunity leave many crimes unresolved or unreported."

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randomly murdered a woman in her twenties in a Gangnam Station bathroom. Regarding motives, Kim clearly stated that he murdered her out of hatred for women saying: "women have always ignored me."

4304:

are perpetrated against girls. Despite progressive legal reforms in many parts of the country, strong patriarchal values are maintained, and help perpetuate the subordination of women. According to the

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Weil, S. 2015 "Femicide across Europe". In: Dimitrijevic, M., Filip, A and Platzer M (eds) Femicide: Taking Action against Gender-Related Killing of Women and Girls 4. Vienna: ACUNS, pp. 118–121.

3521:

was first introduced in England in 1801 by a writer named John Corry, to signify "the killing of a woman". In 1848, the term was published in Wharton's Law Lexicon. The term stems from the Latin

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they are female" in later years. Femicide can be perpetrated by either sex but is more often committed by men. This is most likely due to unequal power between men and women as well as harmful

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Advocacy groups raise awareness, especially if there is an absence of governmental action. These groups include women's advocacy groups as well as nongovernmental or non-profit organizations

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As often reported in the public eye, male perpetrators are seen as "being driven" to commit femicide, due to a "breakdown in love attributed to the female". In defense trials, the defense of

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In addition, all accomplished homicide cases in 2021 included 54.9% of cases by family members, 8.6% by spouses or partners, 27.2% by acquaintances, 6.9% by strangers. Thus the rates of

8014: 6340:

Caetano, R.; Ramisetty-Mikler, S.; Field, C.A. (August 2005). "Unidirectional and Bidirectional Intimate Partner Violence among White, Black and Hispanic Couples in the United States".

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During 2021–2024, around 180 women reportedly were killed by their husbands mostly honor killings. The bill against violence on women was passed in 2023 after a decade in government.

1497: 5745:. Crimes Against Women: Proceedings of the International Tribunal. Ed. Diana Russell and Nicole Van de Ven. Berkeley, California: Russell Publications, 1990. 104–108. 18 March 2013. 796: 3815:, have faced prior abuse from their partner, are estranged from their partner, or are attempting to leave a relationship, their likelihood of femicide increases. The presence of 6073: 791: 8474: 3791:

Risk factors that increase the likelihood of intimate partner femicide include: when a male suffered physical abuse as a child, when a male has previously threatened to commit

4161:. The rates of femicide differ depending on the specific country, but of the countries with the top 25 highest femicide rates, 50% are in Latin America, with number one being 735: 4495:

covering killings in Turkey until 2007, honor killings happen predominantly in the Southeastern part of the country. The rates of murderers born in Eastern and Southeastern

5251:

Raising awareness amongst the public about how femicide differs from other murders and crimes could also help with prevention by encouraging support for change in policy.

9438:"La Violencia Femenicida En Mexico, Aproximaciones y Tendencias 1985-2016". Dec. 2017, www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/293666/violenciaFeminicidaMx_07dic_web.p df. 9964: 4488:

such as Germany & Austria, but still significantly higher than most of the other ratifiers. Since 2019, Turkeys femicide rate have seen a significant drop of 44.9%.

7028:"Social norms and beliefs about gender based violence scale: a measure for use with gender based violence prevention programs in low-resource and humanitarian settings" 9331: 5701:

García-Del Moral, Paulina (June 2018). "The Murders of Indigenous Women in Canada as Feminicides: Toward a Decolonial Intersectional Reconceptualization of Femicide".

3732:, refers to the killing of a woman by her intimate partner or her former intimate partner. Intimate partner femicide is often proceeded by intimate partner violence. 5203:

practices across the globe. The goal of Simonovic's academic program is to analyze data on femicide cases, to identify risk factors and any issues in public policy.

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Roman civilization: a married woman convicted of engaging in any sexual activity with another woman could be killed by her husband as a "just penalty for her crime".

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from homicide, and the goal of many of these authors is to make femicide a separate category. In 2013, COST set up Action IS-1206 entitled "Femicide across Europe".

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A gender-based discriminatory notion of honor is sometimes the cause of serious cases of health deterioration or mutilation among women in Turkey. According to the

10099: 8625: 8062: 750: 8549: 192: 8386: 4945:, the initiative cost $ 3.2 million, with an additional $ 20 million loan from the Inter-American Development Bank earmarked for the construction of new sites." 1512: 9990: 7767:

Gursoy, Elif; McCool, William F.; Sahinoglu, Serap; Yavuz Genc, Yasemin (15 September 2014). "Views of Women's Sexuality and Violence Against Women in Turkey".

6283:

Evelyn, Rose (November–December 2015). "A feminist reconceptualisation of intimate partner violence against women: A crime against humanity and a state crime".

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Han, Young Ran; Jeong, Geum Hee; Kim, Shin-Jeong (September 2017). "Factors influencing beliefs about intimate partner violence among adults in South Korea".

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in India, has said that there are also millions of girls and women killed through various forms of femicides that extend across various age groups. In a U.N.

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Ellis, Desmond and Walter Dekesedery. (1996). The wrong stuff: An introduction to the sociological study of deviance. Scaborough, Ontario: Allyn and Bacon.

4661: 1502: 9217: 8988: 4834:(NAFTA). They believe that the treaty has served to open trade borders, and to increase foreign investment targeted at manufacturing low-cost garments in 6049: 398: 8599: 3896:

Media coverage can especially exhibit bias when covering the murders of Black versus white women. Jaime Grant writes on the murder of 12 young women in

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Weil, S. and Mitra, N. 2016f. 'Femicide of Girls in India', Femicide: Taking Action against Gender-Related Killing of Women and Girls 6. Vienna: ACUNS

1619: 7937: 7641:

Park, Sihyun; Ko, Yejung (March 2021). "Victims of Intimate Partner Violence in South Korea: Experiences in Seeking Help Based on Support Selection".

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Russell says: "Femicide is on the extreme end of a continuum of antifemale terror that includes a wide variety of verbal and physical abuse, such as

7387: 5586: 9412: 8914:

Volk, Steven S.; Schlotterbeck, Marian E. (1 January 2007). "Gender, Order, and Femicide: Reading the Popular Culture of Murder in Ciudad Juárez".

8676: 5433:, a term which is used in reference to a statistical phenomenon which was first identified in Asia (as opposed to the disappearance of individuals) 5100:

has also had a substantial effect on femicide, correlating to 67.9% of deaths in a study by Karen D. Stout. Living in neighborhoods with increased

2937: 847: 7812: 5790:

Palma-Solis, Marco; Vives-Cases, Carmen; Álvarez-Dardet, Carlos (2008). "Gender Progress and Government Expenditure as Determinants of Femicide".

9195: 8505: 6793: 6310: 7989: 6968:"Gender-related killings of women and girls (femicide/feminicide): Global estimates of female intimate partner/family-related homicides in 2022" 6493:; Block, Carolyn; Campbell, Doris; Curry, Mary Ann; Gary, Faye; Glass, Nancy; McFarlane, Judith; Sachs, Carolyn; Sharps, Phyllis (1 July 2003). 3683:, and more. Any act of sexual terrorism that results in death is considered femicide. Covert femicide also takes form in the criminalization of 203: 4912:

a Colombian woman who was raped and murdered in 2012. Cely's death sparked national outrage, and caused thousands to march down the streets of

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CDC Releases First National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) Data: (557252006-001) (Report). American Psychological Association. 2005.

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Factors that decrease the risk of intimate partner femicide include a separate domicile for women and other societal factors, such as better

2316: 7464: 3647:"as 'slip-ups' in a power struggle in which men strive to control women and deprive them of their liberty and women struggle for autonomy". 3470:

first implicitly defined the term as a hate killing of females by males but then went on to redefine it as "the killing of females by males

9795:"Legalised non-consensual sterilisation – eugenics put into practice before 1945, and the aftermath. Part 1: USA, Japan, Canada and Mexico" 7507: 4830:

Various activists and scholars, such as Monárrez, have argued that connections exist between the femicides and neoliberal policies, namely

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The country has attempted to manage femicide through some policy enactment. India has primarily focused on creating legislation related to

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that are some of the harshest in the world: abortion is completely illegal, even to save the life of the mother, or to help a survivor of

10146:

García-Del Moral, Paulina; Neumann, Pamela (June 2019). "The Making and Unmaking of Feminicidio/Femicidio Laws in Mexico and Nicaragua".

5088: 4802:. In Latin America, femicide is an issue that occurs in many countries, but most predominantly in Central America, in countries such as 3698:

The most widespread form of femicide in the world is that committed by an intimate partner of a female. This accounts for approximately

8143: 4429: 4348:

has one of the highest rates of female homicide victims in the world, as a percentage of total homicides. According to a report by the

3436: 801: 745: 726: 7963: 7856: 7416:. Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Rashida Manjoo 2012. 5. Web. 18 March 2013. 6070: 4018: 9362: 9093: 6684:

Kelley, Kristin; Gruenewald, Jeff (2015). "Accomplishing Masculinity through Anti-Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Homicide".

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Today, lesbianism is no longer a capital crime, but it remains criminalized by many governments, and is condemned by most religions.

1602: 1597: 8732: 6094:

Garcia-Vergara, Esperanza; Almeda, Nerea; Martín Ríos, Blanca; Becerra-Alonso, David; Fernández-Navarro, Francisco (15 June 2022).

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gender populations. In countries where female infanticide is practiced, the male populations is higher than the female population.

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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.

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According to the FBI's Supplementary Homicide Report, local police reported that about 33,000 homicides of women remain unsolved.

9892: 6561: 6419:

Hester, Marianne (September 2013). "Who does what to whom? Gender and domestic violence perpetrators in English police records".

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suggests that crimes like lesbicide can at least, in part, be explained by existing hyper-masculinity theories that observe the "

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can help reduce violence against women committed by their significant others, as it is already recognized as a violation of the

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covers only 20 countries and there are discrepancies in the way in which the data is collected. According to available data in

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within a home is a large factor in intimate partner femicide, and worldwide, firearms are used in one-third of all femicides.

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involving a female victim. Additionally, femicide may be underreported due to insufficient evidence. Femicide often includes

3385: 3231: 2433: 1424: 781: 6200:

Monckton, Smith Jane. Murder, Gender and the Media: Narratives of Dangerous Love. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Print.

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Dawson, Myrna (November 2016). "Punishing femicide: Criminal justice responses to the killing of women over four decades".

9328: 9169: 4931: 3354: 3284: 2594: 1567: 840: 7742: 5551:

Marcuello-Servós, Chaime; Corradi, Consuelo; Weil, Shalva; Boira, Santiago (8 July 2016). "Femicide: A social challenge".

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Most countries also "diverted" resources and efforts "from violence against women response to immediate COVID-19 relief".

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has grown in recent years, and several national organizations provide support In 2021, a campaign began in the UK led by

3572:(the hatred of females), a sense of superiority over females, sexual pleasure, or the assumption of ownership over women. 145: 137: 9280: 9258: 7360: 6861: 4831: 4528: 4353: 4310: 3600: 3364: 3359: 3054: 2778: 2379: 9794: 8412: 2579: 1592: 1572: 1356: 5844:

and Harmes, Roberta A, (Eds.), Femicide in Global Perspective New York: Teachers College Press, 2001, Ch. 2, pp. 13–14

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Different areas of the world experience femicide varyingly, i.e., the Middle East and South Asia have higher rates of

3603:(clitoridectomies, excision, infibulations), unnecessary gynecological operations (gratuitous hysterectomies), forced 1737: 9927: 8960: 8900:

Iturralde, Christina. 2010. "Searching for Accountability on the Border: Justice for the Women of Ciudad Juárez". In

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Monárrez Fragoso, Julia Estela. 2010. "The Victims of Ciudad Juárez Feminicide: Sexually Fetishised Commodities". In

7448: 5097: 4749: 4306: 4043: 3390: 3369: 3304: 3272: 2254: 2077: 520: 239: 221: 163: 108: 52: 9661:

Gartner, Rosemary; Dawson, Myrna; Crawford, Maria (1998). "Woman killing: intimate femicide in Ontario, 1974–1994".

5026: 2034: 8733:

Report on the Violations of Women's Human Rights in Guatemala in response to the Third Periodic Report of Guatemala

7769: 6765:

Caselli, I (10 February 2012). "'Corrective Rape,' Torture among Methods Used to 'cure' Homosexuality in Ecuador".

5113: 4986: 4803: 4313:, key factors behind gender-motivated killings of women in Asia are the high level of importance placed on women's 4277:

in Vienna on 26 November 2012, she talked about the six most widespread forms of femicide in India. These included

2709: 2271: 1537: 356: 8139: 5935: 4823:, and judiciary's role in normalizing misogyny. In a Report on the Violations of Women's Rights in Guatemala by a 10219: 9119: 8165:"COVID-19 wave of violence against women shows EU countries still lack proper safeguards | EIGE | Femicide Watch" 5194: 4880:

in changing gender norms of oppression - specifically the Latin American cultural conventions of "machismo" and "

4588:. In most countries, the partner is the most common perpetrator. However, there are exceptions: in Lithuania and 4345: 4301: 3623: 1547: 1492: 833: 636: 631: 268: 75: 10185:"Female Genocide in India" in Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific Issue 22, October 2009 7203:"Femicide trends at the start of the 21st. century: Prevalence, risk factors and national public health actions" 5159: 4576:, the average annual rate is 0.4 victims of femicide for every 100,000 women. The worst situations are found in 9572:

Moracco, Kathryn E.; Runyan, Carol W.; Butts, John D. (24 July 2016). "Femicide in North Carolina, 1991-1993".

9041: 7574: 7550: 7004: 5147: 4349: 4154: 3975: 3781: 3709:: the murder of women by their family, due to an actual or assumed sexual or behavioral transgression, such as 3429: 3221: 2876: 2842: 2751: 2219: 1532: 8432: 6147:"Continuing Coercive Control After Intimate Partner Femicide: The Role of Detection Avoidance and Concealment" 5671: 547: 9607:

Frye, Victoria; Galea, Sandro; Tracy, Melissa; Bucciarelli, Angela; Putnam, Sara; Wilt, Susan (August 2008).

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Dawson, Myrna; Gartner, Rosemary (24 July 2016). "Differences in the Characteristics of Intimate Femicides".

6046: 4807: 3334: 3324: 3226: 2756: 2574: 1661: 1562: 1542: 755: 428: 7311:

Russell, Diana EH. "AIDS As Mass Femicide: Focus On South Africa". In D.E.H. Russell and R.A. Harmes (Ed.),

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Manshel, Hannah (October 2018). "The Desire for Fact: Anti-Racist Ethics in Discourses of Sexual Violence".

4992: 4787: 4165:. Also included in the top 25 are seven European countries, three Asian countries, and one African country, 3504:

Until recently, femicide was not considered as a visible phenomenon, but awareness is gradually increasing.

1830: 1671: 8364:"137 women have been killed by their partners in France this year. Critics blame a 'deeply sexist society'" 6311:"Understanding Domestic Abusers: Other Forms of Intimate Partner Violence - Responsive Violence - NYS OPDV" 5130: 4267: 4103: 3982: 3675:, femicide includes intimate partner femicide, lesbicide, racial femicide, serial femicide, mass femicide, 3314: 3289: 3114: 2383: 2333: 2326: 1607: 1557: 1552: 1036: 821: 695: 626: 391: 7287: 1813: 9450:"Melodrama and Italicized Language in an Era of #MeToo: A 2020 Review of Jeanine Cummins's American Dirt" 7591: 7085: 6457: 4811: 4326: 4250: 4234: 4216: 3876: 3319: 3309: 3279: 3161: 3146: 3136: 2724: 2589: 2584: 2276: 1849: 1439: 1088: 9013: 8363: 8015:"Turkey's withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention rallies the fight for women's rights across the world" 7384: 9730: 9348: 9295: 7578: 6019: 5381: 4728: 4238: 3262: 2849: 2137: 1434: 361: 9528:"Firearm availability and female homicide victimization rates among 25 populous high-income countries" 7258: 6318: 3989:" and that "constructing masculinity is relevant to bias crime offending". One common occurrence that 1639: 10199: 9688: 8759:"Professionals' support role for survivors of femicide and relatives of victims: The case of Ecuador" 4816: 4779: 4194: 4190: 4106:, usually married, engaged, or in relationships with much handsome, affluent, younger men their age. 3843: 3692: 3615: 3422: 3074: 2854: 2291: 2095: 2041: 1157: 680: 573: 351: 38: 6997: 6720: 6096:"A Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Femicide: A Systematic Review" 4281:, the killing of girls under six years through starvation and violence, the killing of women due to 10209: 7472: 5143: 4862: 4723: 4384: 3608: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3296: 3176: 2972: 2734: 2388: 2180: 2056: 2029: 1942: 1842: 675: 320: 9609:"The Role of Neighborhood Environment and Risk of Intimate Partner Femicide in a Large Urban Area" 8550:"The Observer view: We can no longer turn away, femicide must be tackled now | Observer editorial" 8111:

see Table 3: Overview of victim characteristics by homicide type, 2002–03 to 2011–12, 5 May 2015,

5742: 3626:, as well as deaths related to the failure of social institutions, such as the criminalization of 196:

that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

6495:"Risk Factors for Femicide in Abusive Relationships: Results From a Multisite Case Control Study" 5471: 5199: 4949: 4930:

center hopes to provide access to an estimated 162,000 women from the neighboring departments of

4873:, and to provide safety for women. These efforts have received substantial praise and criticism. 4090:

killing of women", also called "sexual terrorism". Although over 90% of serial killers are male.

3777: 3555:

also relies on "inequalities in gender 'in terms of education, economic level, and employment'".

3181: 3141: 2832: 2825: 2783: 2012: 1754: 532: 498: 9691:(January 2003). "Reexamining Femicide: Breaking the Silence and Crossing 'Scientific' Borders". 9236: 8244: 7103:"Understudied and underaddressed: Femicide, an extreme form of violence against women and girls" 7551:"The Three Places With the Highest Rate of Female Homicides on Earth Are All in Northeast Asia" 5609: 5461: 5174: 4970: 4935: 4589: 4404:

context-specific versions of femicide and gender-based violence in the region: honor killings,

4087: 3884: 3619: 3498: 3329: 2989: 2896: 2719: 2680: 2569: 2559: 2535: 2513: 2503: 2478: 2468: 2127: 1883: 1771: 1695: 1349: 1093: 1058: 816: 276: 79: 10100:"Guns and Violence Against Women: America's Uniquely Lethal Intimate Partner Violence Problem" 7894: 4169:. Social beliefs and acceptability about gender based violence varies from country to country 9670: 8460:

Listado de feminicidios y otros asesinatos de mujeres cometidos por hombres en España en 2019

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is a hate crime that constitutes forced sexual activity with a person who is either a woman,

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sexism and racism in the murders of black women and the little justice that is often served.

3079: 3039: 3029: 2984: 2815: 2790: 2699: 2564: 2321: 2281: 1761: 1678: 1006: 922: 690: 542: 510: 252: 6569: 8989:"Femicide in Central America: is creating Female-Friendly Urban Zones really the solution?" 8072: 6903: 5456: 5425: 5022: 4893: 4857:

required the police to reopen and investigate a murder case from a femicide "perspective".

4679: 4181:

The continent varies in the manifestations of femicide depending on the country or region.

3763:, a result of male efforts to control and possess women to display ownership and reinforce 3201: 3156: 3126: 3109: 3099: 2947: 2859: 2837: 2729: 2704: 2639: 2483: 2463: 2413: 2266: 2202: 2175: 1915: 1749: 1474: 1464: 1152: 971: 371: 90: 8: 9954:

Journal of Gender Studies, 30:7, 807–818 (see p. 815), DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2021.1880883

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Whittington, Richard; Haines-Delmont, Alina; Bjø‌rngaard, Johan Hå‌kon (2 January 2023).

6780:

Mieses, Alexa. "Gender Inequality and Corrective Rape of Women Who Have Sex with Women".

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http://sites.sandiego.edu/tbi-femicide/files/2017/12/2016-2017-Femicide-Report-Final.pdf

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

4356:, top the ranking—with women comprising 52.9% of the total homicide victims—followed by 10163: 10038: 9965:"The Impact Of Covid-19 On The "Shadow Pandemic" Of Femicide And Gender-Based Violence" 9869: 9844: 9825: 9775: 9708: 9633: 9608: 9589: 9547: 9471: 9270:. Americas Society and the Council of the Americas, 13 October 2011. Web. 1 April 2013. 9266: 8933: 8850: 8780: 8284: 7794: 7709: 7666: 7489: 7183: 7062: 7027: 6839: 6701: 6608: 6519: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6436: 6401: 6365: 6262: 6227: 6122: 6095: 5902: 5857: 5772: 5718: 5568: 5533: 5476: 5350: 5340: 5335: 5315: 5177:

which saw eleven casualties, and fifteen injured. The perpetrator is a self-described "

5170: 4714: 4702: 4532: 4463: 4278: 3851: 3847: 3639: 3592: 3537: 3206: 3196: 3186: 3171: 3166: 3151: 3104: 3084: 3059: 3024: 3014: 2994: 2891: 2773: 2763: 2664: 2418: 2244: 2110: 1992: 1705: 1666: 1419: 1137: 1103: 1098: 1063: 1011: 1001: 927: 786: 606: 515: 310: 10184: 9845:"Reports of coerced sterilization of Indigenous women in Canada mirrors shameful past" 8626:"Femicide Census reveals half of UK women killed by men die at hands of partner or ex" 8124: 7465:"The bio-politics of population control and sex-selective abortion in China and India" 5506:; Wortley, Richard (January 2019). "Intimate Femicide: The Role of Coercive Control". 10214: 10204: 10167: 10126: 10073: 10042: 10028: 9933: 9923: 9874: 9817: 9779: 9712: 9638: 9593: 9539: 9475: 8956: 8937: 8842: 8315: 8288: 8276: 8266: 8084: 8076: 7786: 7701: 7670: 7658: 7493: 7444: 7240: 7232: 7187: 7161: 7142: 7124: 7067: 7049: 6843: 6797: 6705: 6612: 6524: 6405: 6369: 6357: 6266: 6231: 6178: 6127: 5906: 5807: 5776: 5722: 5572: 5537: 5212: 5030: 4942: 4908: 4870: 4318: 3908: 3889: 3846:. Karen D. Stout found that, in the US, there is a correlation between the number of 3839: 3748: 3596: 3490: 3267: 3131: 3094: 3089: 3069: 3064: 3034: 2999: 2952: 2942: 2906: 2901: 2886: 2881: 2795: 2530: 2523: 2498: 2488: 2473: 2338: 2311: 2197: 2156: 2132: 2007: 1987: 1974: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1898: 1798: 1373: 1342: 966: 947: 942: 712: 644: 621: 413: 408: 376: 9551: 9527: 9196:"For the first time, Colombia prosecutes a transgender woman's murder as a femicide" 8854: 8784: 7798: 7713: 7361:

Video: Six Wide-spread forms of Femicide. Gender Equal: A blog on India's Gendercide

6440: 5803: 10155: 10065: 10020: 9864: 9856: 9829: 9809: 9767: 9700: 9628: 9620: 9581: 9461: 9363:"Femicide and Impunity in Mexico: A context of structural and generalized violence" 9241: 8925: 8881: 8832: 8770: 8307: 8258: 8250: 7890: 7778: 7693: 7650: 7522:"Femicide Surges in Iran, Which Still Ranks Near Bottom of Global Gender Gap Index" 7481: 7436: 7222: 7214: 7202: 7173: 7132: 7114: 7057: 7039: 6891: 6883: 6831: 6693: 6654: 6600: 6543: 6514: 6506: 6428: 6393: 6349: 6292: 6254: 6219: 6168: 6158: 6117: 6107: 5894: 5799: 5764: 5710: 5621: 5560: 5523: 5515: 5386: 5371: 5182: 4629: 4400: 4230: 3216: 3211: 3121: 3049: 3044: 3004: 2957: 2932: 2869: 2741: 2669: 2518: 2403: 2368: 2286: 2192: 2146: 2122: 2046: 2019: 1982: 1825: 1818: 1808: 1788: 1732: 1715: 1656: 1409: 1320: 1305: 1132: 917: 912: 897: 685: 670: 381: 9813: 7218: 6944:

Shalva Weil & Noam S. Keshet (2021) "Female geronticide: the case of Israel",

6223: 4791: 4543: 4094:

exclusively on males. Some male serial killers focus on males as targets, such as

4025: 3655:-related murder, where female in-laws kill women due to dowry disputes. Moreover, 199: 9335: 9262: 8416: 7908: 7440: 7391: 7367: 7119: 6805: 6767: 6725: 6635: 6604: 6077: 6053: 5675: 5151: 5139: 4877: 4531:

indicated that on average, one woman a week is murdered in an act of femicide in

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as the racially motivated killing of women by men who are members of a different

3756: 3604: 3494: 3412: 2820: 2629: 2617: 2423: 2363: 2343: 2301: 2239: 2161: 2051: 1997: 1955: 1893: 1888: 1854: 1766: 1720: 1068: 959: 954: 806: 760: 707: 665: 655: 578: 537: 478: 448: 418: 325: 9674: 9585: 9120:"Colombia confronts femicide, the 'most extreme form of violence against women'" 8063:"Seven women in Turkey 'savagely killed' by current or ex-spouses in single day" 7912: 6258: 6210:

Weil, Shalva; Keshet, Noam N. (2020). "Female Geronticide: the Case of Israel".

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mass shooting, which killed fourteen women, and injured ten women and four men.

4892:

Through the Law No. 13,104 in 2015, the femicide is a crime provided for in the

9368:. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 17 July 2012 8702: 8489: 8227: 7413: 7178: 6353: 6296: 5503: 5300: 5263:

migrants. Training is the first step to creating policies to prevent femicide.

5093: 4667: 4641: 4600: 4573: 4501: 4480: 4158: 4118: 4099: 4095: 3904: 3584: 3191: 2634: 2599: 2408: 2214: 2166: 1960: 1920: 1803: 1053: 1048: 1026: 568: 505: 483: 443: 386: 9937: 9413:"Outraged By Femicides, Mexican Women Demand Change During Nationwide Walkout" 8837: 8820: 8280: 8262: 7044: 6397: 6163: 6146: 4056:

According to political scientist and women's studies scholar Susan Hawthorne,

10193: 9771: 9624: 9254: 8929: 8410: 8337:"2019 : l'année où le féminicide s'est imposé dans la société française" 8080: 8037:"Turkey: poll, 52% reject withdrawal from Istanbul Convention - General news" 7782: 7654: 7485: 7236: 7128: 7053: 6835: 6697: 6432: 6182: 6093: 5768: 5625: 5564: 5519: 5430: 5376: 5227: 5223: 4286: 4067: 3804: 3803:

Other factors commonly associated with male perpetrators of femicide include

3706: 3676: 2493: 2453: 2448: 2358: 2100: 2063: 1688: 1683: 1278: 1031: 996: 991: 937: 892: 300: 290: 44: 10057: 10024: 8870:"Victims of femicide in Latin America: Legal and criminal justice responses" 8775: 8758: 8311: 8108: 8088: 7616: 6640:"Ancient Hatred and Its Contemporary Manifestation: The Torture of Lesbians" 5639: 5587:"How China's One-Child Policy Led To Forced Abortions, 30 Million Bachelors" 5134:

injustice that have, and continue to be, perpetuated by colonialism.

1389: 10069: 9878: 9821: 9642: 9543: 9479: 9222: 8846: 8067: 7790: 7705: 7662: 7508:"Domestic Violence in Iran Leads to Alarming Number of Deaths, Report Says" 7244: 7146: 7071: 6547: 6528: 6510: 6361: 6131: 6112: 5811: 5290: 5163: 4696: 4604:

promoted international efforts to address femicide and the Action program.

4485: 4255: 4166: 4072: 3986: 3828: 3816: 3808: 3588: 2714: 2644: 2508: 2443: 2438: 2398: 2348: 2105: 2024: 2002: 1903: 1778: 1651: 1173: 1079: 1043: 1021: 902: 616: 590: 583: 458: 9466: 9449: 8600:"End femicide: 278 dead – the hidden scandal of older women killed by men" 8254: 5544: 4519:

Seven women were killed by current or former partners in one day in 2024.

4383:) are regarded higher than the statistics because of Japan jurisdictions' 9860: 8738:(Report). New York: United Nations. United Nations Human Rights Committee 7964:"Challenge accepted: Turkish feminists spell out real meaning of hashtag" 7227: 6993: 5991:. Femicide: The Politics of Woman Killing. New York: Twayne, 1992. Print. 5310: 5126: 4917: 4835: 4405: 4357: 4290: 4162: 4140: 4124: 3913: 3797: 3475: 2117: 1908: 1325: 1263: 1206: 1201: 986: 976: 811: 650: 611: 563: 488: 473: 295: 8886: 8869: 7592:"Gangnam murderer says he killed "because women have always ignored me"" 7153: 6887: 6382: 6173: 5528: 3740:

were intimate partner femicides, and perpetrated in the domestic arena.

10159: 9497: 9218:"Can health workers stop thousands of women being killed in Guatemala?" 6895: 5667: 5441: 5396: 5391: 5325: 5320: 5295: 4881: 4682:, a woman is murdered by her male partner an average of every 15 days. 4652:

Statistics of Femicide in Ireland are reported by the Women's Aid NGO.

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and their subordination in the greater society. For example, while the

4294: 4263: 4123:

believe in a link between the rise of serial murders and the advent of

3970:

and murder of lesbians occurs in every part of the world. According to

3951: 3947: 3764: 3479: 2674: 2659: 2353: 1283: 1223: 1218: 1183: 1178: 1142: 330: 9483: 8109:

Tracy Cussen & Willow Bryant Domestic/family homicide in Australia

7697: 5939: 7433:

Son Preference : Sex Selection, Gender and Culture in South Asia

7259:"Global study on homicide. Gender-related killing of women and girls" 5413: 5355: 5014: 5005:

highest rates of female deaths with the presumption of homicide were

4965: 4799: 4581: 4409: 4380: 4368: 3990: 3599:(on the phone, in the streets, at the office, and in the classroom), 2654: 2649: 1727: 1330: 1293: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1213: 1188: 1147: 1016: 932: 438: 423: 335: 315: 9802:

The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care

9068:"Feminicídio: entenda as questões controvertidas da Lei 13.104/2015" 8387:"France and Germany have high femicide rates compared to rest of EU" 7200: 6659: 6038: 5789: 5501: 4913: 4187:

has been noted as having a growing problem of femicide, as of 2023.

9704: 7342: 7340: 5714: 5466: 5419: 5409: 5401: 5361: 5010: 4974: 4939: 4876:

Criticism from feminists and others often point to the efficacy of

4865:, and government centers offering services specifically for women. 4843: 4617:

Depending on the sources, between 122 and 149 women were killed in

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in cases where the mother's life is at risk, intentional spread of

3684: 3627: 3569: 3486: 3463: 2428: 1859: 1381: 1310: 1300: 1273: 1247: 1196: 981: 868: 10056:

Baldry, Anna Costanza; Magalhães, Maria José (26 September 2018),

9920:

Femicide Volume VII establishing a femicide watch in every country

8821:"Precursors to femicide: Guatemalan women in a vortex of violence" 8703:"How many violent attacks and sexual assaults on women are there?" 8578: 5885:

Campbell, Jacquelyn; Runyan, Carol W. (24 July 2016). "Femicide".

5181:", whose goal was to exact revenge on women, after self-perceived 3907:, author Manshel claims that the narrative which is formed around 9526:

Hememway, David; Shinoda-Tagawa, Tomoko; Miller, Matthew (2002).

9145:"Colombia approves femicide law to tackle violence against women" 8226:

Material was copied from this source, which is available under a

7536:"تصویب لایحه حمایت از زنان در برابر خشونت پس از یک دهه بلاتکلیفی" 7325: 7323: 7321: 6485: 6100:

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

5101: 4184: 3967: 3933: 3792: 3580: 2090: 1315: 1268: 660: 8652:"Homicide in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics" 8243:

Weil, Shalva; Corradi, Consuelo; Naudi, Marceline, eds. (2018).

8137: 8125:'I've mapped child murders since my stepfather killed two girls' 7727: 7337: 6880:

Female infanticide in China and India : a comparative study

5550: 5038:

women) spread all over the country right after Fatima's murder.

4644:

are reported by year (1995–2019) by the independent Women NGO .

3614:

She includes covert killings of women as well, such as the mass

10125:. Academic Council on the United Nations System. pp. 6–7. 9950:

Katerina Standish & Shalva Weil (2021) Gendered pandemics:

8677:"Domestic abuse killings appear to double during UK's lockdown" 7883:

The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Cultural Studies

7766: 5451: 5446: 5405: 5006: 4953: 4795: 4767: 4618: 4585: 3955: 3897: 3880: 3835: 3744: 3459: 875: 701: 9893:"Toronto van attack: How you can help and what we know so far" 9170:"Colombia's new 'femicide' law targets violence against women" 7318: 5640:"The history of the term 'femicide' | Femicide in Canada" 5158:

One prominent instance of femicide occurring in Canada is the

5029:(10.36 per 100,000). During the years 2002–2010, the state of 4690:

Interest in reporting and analyzing levels of femicide in the

3879:. According to Diana Russell and fellow writer Jill Radford, " 3702:

of all murders of women globally, which may be an undercount.

9991:"The Shadow Pandemic: Violence against women during COVID-19" 8366:. Video by Edward Kiernan, Rosie Tomkins and Mark Esplin. CNN 8222: 5305: 5230:. He then murdered her and a few days later he was arrested. 5178: 5017:(9.7 per 100,000). The top three municipalities in 2016 were 4884:", which are potent social regulators throughout the region. 4772: 4413: 4222: 4157:(UNFPA), approximately 5,000 women are murdered each year in 3916:

frameworks about sexual violence should be put into writing.

3680: 3652: 257: 9525: 9387: 7881:

Cesur-Kılıçaslan, Seher (2013). "Honor Killings in Turkey".

6339: 6002:"COST | European Cooperation in Science and Technology" 4632:

has one of the highest absolute femicide numbers in Europe.

3638:

Diana Russell's definition is not accepted by all scholars.

256:

Declaration of the enactment of the law against femicide in

9729:

Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (29 October 2020).

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The Istanbul Convention, Domestic Violence and Human Rights

7813:"Intentional homicides, female (per 100,000 female) | Data" 7315:. New York, NY: Teacher's College Press, 2001, pp. 100–114. 7024: 6023: 4771:

A candle memorial to women killed by femicide (femicidio),

3962:(woman with woman) was often an accusation in witch trials. 3752: 3576: 403: 193:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

9498:"When Men Murder Women: An Analysis of 2018 Homicide Data" 9281:"The long road to justice, prosecuting femicide in Mexico" 9255:

Andrade, Kara. "Protecting the Rights of Guatemalan Women"

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For example, see the case of Ethiopia noted in Weil, 2004.

5668:

Josie Kaye, Femicide, Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence

3551:" Femicide remains understudied in scientific literature. 86: 10121:

Laurent, Claire; Platzer, Michael; Idomir, Maria (2013).

9922:. Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS). 9606: 9094:"Brasil registra 722 feminicídios no 1º semestre de 2023" 6065: 6063: 6061: 3981:

A case study conducted in 2014 deeply analyzing multiple

1127: 10010: 10008: 10145: 7990:"2021 Annual Report of We Will Stop Femicides Platform" 7880: 6001: 5755:

Weil, Shalva (9 July 2016). "Making femicide visible".

5748: 3558: 8955:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 189. 8228:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

6058: 5169:

Another example of a femicide attack in Canada is the

4104:

the killings of younger, prettier, more affluent women

3458:

is a term for the killing of females because of their

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European Data Journalism Network (26 November 2019).

6948:, 30:1, 39–51, p. 3 DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2020.180936 6721:"'Corrective Rape': Fighting a South African Scourge" 5422:– hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against women 4130: 3622:

due to male preference in cultures such as India and

10120: 9728: 6858:"Most serial killing victims are women, FBI reports" 6822:

Taylor, Rae (February 2009). "Slain and Slandered".

6742:"US Reports Harassment and Rape of Gays in Zimbabwe" 6145:

Ferguson, Claire; McLachlan, Freya (December 2023).

5678:, published 3 November 2007, accessed 18 March 2013. 4938:. Supported by former Chilean president and head of 4662:

List of incidents of violence against women in Spain

3485:

A spouse or partner is responsible in almost 40% of

9532:

Journal of the American Medical Women's Association

8579:"Femicide Census – Profiles of women killed by men" 7743:"South Korea Needs to Contend With Sexual Violence" 7579:

Reiwa san nen no keiho han ni kansuru toukei shiryo

5123:

600 murders of Indigenous women and girls in Canada

399:

Post-assault treatment of victims of sexual assault

9687: 9571: 8907: 5206: 4948:Critics of this action point to the contradictory 3919: 9793:Amy, Jean-Jacques; Rowlands, Sam (4 March 2018). 8913: 8757:Boira, Santiago; Nudelman, Anita (25 July 2018). 8204:Bona, Marzia; Burba, Alberto (28 November 2017). 7088:. In Geneva Declaration Secretariat, pp. 113–144. 6144: 5226:used the Covid restrictions to detain and arrest 4352:(UNODC), published in 2014, Japan, together with 3713:, sexual intercourse, or even having been raped. 10191: 8528:"UK Femicides 2009-2018: Femicide Census Report" 8242: 6683: 5700: 5144:forced and coerced into undergoing sterilization 4198:well as the increased likelihood of contracting 3630:or the prevalence of female genital mutilation. 10055: 9917: 9415:. KUT Radio, Austin's NPR Station. 9 March 2020 7636: 7634: 7101:Reis, Chen; Meyer, Sarah R. (18 January 2024). 6873: 6871: 9693:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 9447: 9042:"Lei do Feminicídio faz cinco anos - Notícias" 8530:. Centre for Women's Justice. 25 November 2020 7857:"2020 Report of We Will End Femicide Platform" 7619:. Ministry of Gender Equality and Family 여성가족부 6012: 5884: 5703:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 5663: 5661: 4078: 3838:, as well as mandated arrest for violation of 8982: 8980: 8978: 8976: 8974: 8972: 8902:Terrorising Women: Feminicide in the Americas 8804:Terrorising Women: Feminicide in the Americas 8756: 8726: 8724: 8302:"Domestic violence as a human rights issue". 7462: 7286:Manishatse, Lorraine Josiane (4 April 2023). 6924:"BBC - Ethics - Abortion: Female infanticide" 6908:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 6481: 6479: 6244: 5146:procedures as an act of femicide, as well as 4221:Female infanticide was common in traditional 3924:According to Diana Russell and Jill Radford, 3430: 1350: 841: 16:Murder of women or girls because of their sex 10123:Femicide: A Global Issue that Demands Action 10064:, Bristol University Press, pp. 71–92, 9349:"Femicides in Mexico: Impunity and Protests" 9296:"Femicides in Mexico: Impunity and Protests" 8798: 8796: 8794: 7631: 6992: 6868: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6622: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5852: 5850: 5138:groups in Canada. These murders are acts of 4782:have been among the first to adopt the term 4547:Victims of femicide per 100.000 women (2017) 4467:Red shoes as a symbolic protest for femicide 3932:, has a long history of legalized murder of 3811:. Women's risk factors include: if they are 10015:Dayan, Hava (2018). "Preventing femicide". 9792: 9454:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 9100:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 13 November 2023 8818: 8730: 7683: 6196: 6194: 6192: 5975: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5880: 5878: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5658: 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 8969: 8894: 8721: 8206:"Femicide in Europe is a widespread issue" 8144:Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso Transeuropa 7285: 7162:"Failed femicides among migrant survivors" 6476: 6209: 5918: 5916: 5734: 5732: 4621:in 2019 by their partners or ex-partners. 4596:) project called "femicide across Europe. 4430:2016 Seocho-dong public-toilet murder case 4399:Suicide is the leading cause of death for 3716: 3512: 3437: 3423: 2317:African-American women's suffrage movement 1357: 1343: 848: 834: 89:. Please do not remove this message until 9868: 9632: 9465: 8986: 8885: 8836: 8791: 8774: 8433:"Femicide Watch 2019 Republic of Ireland" 8361: 8203: 7907: 7226: 7177: 7136: 7118: 7100: 7061: 7043: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6718: 6658: 6634: 6619: 6518: 6172: 6162: 6121: 6111: 5847: 5527: 4750:Learn how and when to remove this message 4044:Learn how and when to remove this message 3536:The current usage emerged with the 1970s 240:Learn how and when to remove this message 222:Learn how and when to remove this message 164:Learn how and when to remove this message 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 9565: 9248: 9230: 8384: 8334: 7740: 7305: 6877: 6794:Internal Association of Forensic Science 6189: 5954: 5875: 5818: 4766: 4666:Statistics and structure of femicide in 4542: 4462: 2262:Discrimination against transgender women 251: 85:Relevant discussion may be found on the 9842: 9656: 9654: 9652: 9434: 9432: 9430: 8806:. Durham: Duke University Press. 59–69. 8573: 8571: 8140:"Femminicidio in Europa, due anni dopo" 7409: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7401: 7399: 6800:"The Serial Killer", Harold Schechter. 6590: 5913: 5729: 5642:. Femicide in Canada. 6 September 2023. 5331:Witch trials in the early modern period 10192: 9757: 9753: 9751: 9724: 9722: 9346: 9293: 9245:. 29 December 2010. Web. 1 April 2013. 9237:Shulman, Aaron. "The Rise of Femicide" 9139: 9137: 9036: 9034: 8867: 8814: 8812: 8630:endviolenceagainstwomen united kingdom 8362:Vandoorne, Saskya (22 November 2019). 8238: 8236: 8197: 8055: 7640: 7463:Eklund, Lisa; Purewal, Navtej (2017). 7096: 7094: 7078: 6821: 6810: 6452: 6450: 6418: 6282: 6238: 6089: 6087: 6085: 5930: 5928: 5009:(with 16.3 deaths per 100,000 women), 4553: Femicide by family and relatives 10014: 9600: 8731:Davis, Lisa; Parker, Bradley (2012). 8385:Cazenave, Fabien (4 September 2019). 8335:Kheniche, Ouafia (31 December 2019). 8017:. Amnesty International. 30 June 2021 7426: 7424: 7422: 6679: 6677: 6278: 6276: 5437:Missing and murdered Indigenous women 5257: 5098:Gun availability in the United States 4825:United Nations Human Rights Committee 4594:Cooperation on Science and Technology 4527:In 2019, a recent statistic from the 4015:This section may contain information 3936:in many different cultural contexts: 3866: 3568:sexist killing, whether motivated by 782:Prosecution of gender-targeted crimes 9849:Canadian Medical Association Journal 9649: 9427: 9313: 8987:McAnarney, Alex (15 November 2012). 8950: 8917:Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 8568: 7581:"(The 2021 statistics on criminals.) 7548: 7396: 7288:"Burundi's growing femicide problem" 7159: 6998:"The State of World Population 2000" 6739: 5994: 5754: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5607: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5246: 5050: 4708: 4239:gender inequality in Chinese society 4112:Feminists such as Diana Russell and 4001: 3633: 3559:Contemporary definition by feminists 175: 120: 59: 18: 9748: 9719: 9134: 9031: 8953:Mexico: What Everyone Needs to Know 8809: 8233: 7913:"'Honour' crime defiance in Turkey" 7895:10.18848/2327-008X/CGP/v07i03/53168 7741:Schieber, Olivia (10 August 2020). 7091: 6878:Campbell, Sarah Ann Sparks (2003). 6447: 6285:Women's Studies International Forum 6082: 5925: 4832:North American Free Trade Agreement 4559: Femicide by intimate partners 4529:Australian Institute of Criminology 4473:Report on Custom and Honor Killings 4412:, and gender-based violence during 3773:Women's Studies International Forum 13: 9388:"Statista - The Statistics Portal" 8763:Journal of Comparative Social Work 7861:kadincinayetlerinidurduracagiz.net 7419: 6860:. 27 November 2010. Archived from 6674: 6273: 5646: 5266: 4670:are reported by year (2010–2019). 4309:on violence against women for the 4131:Female infanticide and geronticide 3997: 3807:, forcing sexual intercourse, and 3659:provides definitions of femicide. 3595:, physical and emotional battery, 136:tone or style may not reflect the 14: 10231: 10178: 10102:. Everytown Research & Policy 9843:Collier, Roger (21 August 2017). 9613:American Journal of Public Health 6499:American Journal of Public Health 5681: 5490: 5188: 5160:1989 École Polytechnique massacre 5112:Proper statistics of femicide in 4685: 4258:, feminist author and founder of 4144:critical factor within research. 34:This article has multiple issues. 10139: 10114: 10092: 10049: 9983: 9957: 9944: 9911: 9885: 9836: 9786: 9681: 9519: 9490: 9448:Panuco-Mercado, Gabriel (2020). 9441: 9405: 9380: 9355: 9347:Sandin, Linnea (19 March 2020). 9340: 9325:Violence Against Women in Mexico 9323:. Trans-Border Institute, 2017, 9321:Violence Against Women in Mexico 9294:Sandin, Linnea (19 March 2020). 9287: 9273: 9210: 9188: 9162: 9112: 9086: 9060: 9006: 8944: 8861: 8819:Carey, D Jr; Torres, MG (2010). 8750: 8695: 8669: 8644: 8618: 8592: 8542: 8520: 8498: 8483: 8468: 8453: 8425: 8404: 8378: 8221: 7770:Journal of Transcultural Nursing 7549:Kwok, Yenni (14 February 2017). 7348:Columbia Human Rights Law Review 5055: 5046: 5041: 4987:Violence against women in Mexico 4762: 4713: 4006: 3591:), incestuous and extrafamilial 3406: 2938:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2272:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1388: 180: 146:guide to writing better articles 125: 64: 23: 9952:suicide, femicide and COVID-19, 9663:Resources for Feminist Research 8355: 8328: 8295: 8187: 8157: 8131: 8118: 8102: 8029: 8007: 7982: 7956: 7930: 7901: 7874: 7849: 7827: 7805: 7760: 7734: 7720: 7677: 7609: 7584: 7575:National Police Agency of Japan 7568: 7542: 7528: 7514: 7500: 7456: 7431:"Figuring out Son Preference", 7354: 7279: 7251: 7194: 7084:Alvazzi del Frate, Anna. 2011. 7018: 6986: 6960: 6951: 6938: 6916: 6850: 6787: 6774: 6759: 6733: 6719:Middleton, Lee (8 March 2011). 6712: 6584: 6554: 6535: 6421:European Journal of Criminology 6412: 6376: 6333: 6303: 6203: 6138: 5804:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.11.007 5783: 5207:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic 5195:United Nations General Assembly 5129:that disproportionately target 4493:General Directorate of Security 4477:General Directorate of Security 4260:The 50 Million Missing Campaign 3920:Sexually motivated (homophobic) 3857: 42:or discuss these issues on the 9046:Portal da Câmara dos Deputados 8825:Latin American Research Review 7994:kadincinayetlerinidurduracagiz 7331:UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal 7313:Femicide In Global Perspective 7005:United Nations Population Fund 5632: 5601: 5579: 5502:Johnson, Holly; Eriksson, Li; 4924: 4673: 4419: 4350:U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime 3958:and homosexuality. The phrase 3782:international human rights law 3370:Women's suffrage organizations 1: 9814:10.1080/13625187.2018.1450973 8656:ons government United Kingdom 7435:, Bloomsbury Academic, 2010, 7219:10.1080/17441692.2023.2225576 6224:10.1080/09589236.2020.1809361 5936:"COST Action 1206 - Femicide" 5653:The Oxford English Dictionary 5483: 5233: 4491:According to the data of the 727:International legal framework 9198:. NBC News. 19 December 2018 8115:, accessed 29 September 2019 7938:"Shift in 'honour' killings" 7441:10.5040/9781474215534.ch-003 7166:Qualitative Sociology Review 7120:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004336 7086:"When the Victim Is a Woman" 6605:10.13110/criticism.60.4.0511 6458:"Femicide: A Global Problem" 4960: 4950:abortion laws in El Salvador 4810:, and other places, such as 4568:Available data are limited: 4522: 4147: 4086:is defined as "the sexually 3355:Suffragists and suffragettes 3285:American feminist literature 822:Violence against LGBT people 696:Online gender-based violence 392:Violence against prostitutes 7: 9586:10.1177/1088767998002004005 8465:, accessed 9 September 2019 8422:, accessed 24 February 2019 6259:10.1177/1088767998002004003 5899:10.1177/1088767998002004001 5283: 4903: 4251:Female infanticide in India 4235:City University of New York 4217:Female infanticide in China 4173:then low-income countries. 4079:Tendency in serial killings 3983:anti-LGBT cases of violence 2595:Views on transgender topics 2585:Views on sexual orientation 91:conditions to do so are met 10: 10236: 9731:"Homicide in Canada, 2019" 9689:Shalhoub-Kevorkian, Nadera 9561:– via Research Gate. 9018:planalto government Brazil 8951:Camp, Roderick Ai (2017). 8495:, accessed 3 November 2019 8480:, accessed 3 November 2019 7179:10.18778/1733-8077.12.4.01 6890:(inactive 12 April 2024). 6771:. Retrieved 18 April 2012. 6354:10.1891/0886-6708.20.4.393 6297:10.1016/j.wsif.2015.08.004 5382:Honour killing in Pakistan 4993:Femicides in Ciudad Juárez 4990: 4984: 4863:female-only transportation 4780:Feminists in Latin America 4659: 4647: 4640:Statistics of femicide in 4624: 4427: 4248: 4214: 3871:The Hope Movement defines 3850:in a state, the number of 3691:, or death as a result of 3507: 362:Sexual violence statistics 9993:. UN Women – Headquarters 9122:. Reuters. 20 August 2015 9074:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 9048:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 8838:10.1017/S0023879100011146 8415:28 September 2021 at the 7473:Feminism & Psychology 7045:10.1186/s13031-019-0189-x 6946:Journal of Gender Studies 6398:10.1891/1946-6560.3.2.199 6212:Journal of Gender Studies 6164:10.1177/15570851231189531 5610:"Making femicide visible" 5107: 5064:This section needs to be 5025:(10.84 per 100,000), and 4980: 4887: 4612: 4538: 4458: 4300:Many of the femicides in 4195:World Health Organization 4191:Female genital mutilation 4176: 4021:to the article's subject. 3844:intimate partner violence 3722:Intimate partner femicide 3693:female genital mutilation 3666: 3386:Women's rights by country 2292:Female genital mutilation 681:Intimate partner violence 574:Female genital mutilation 352:Causes of sexual violence 10148:Law & Society Review 10058:"Prevention of femicide" 9918:Hemblade, Helen (2017). 9772:10.1177/0011392115611192 9625:10.2105/AJPH.2007.112813 9507:. Violence Policy Center 8930:10.1525/azt.2007.32.1.53 8306:. 2017. pp. 10–36. 7783:10.1177/1043659614550485 7655:10.1177/1077801220905638 7617:"여성가족부가 평등사회를 만들어 가겠습니다" 7596:english.hani south Korea 7486:10.1177/0959353516682262 6836:10.1177/1088767908326679 6740:Shaw, A (7 April 2010). 6698:10.1177/1097184X14551204 6433:10.1177/1477370813479078 6076:20 December 2021 at the 5769:10.1177/0011392115623602 5626:10.1177/0011392115623602 5565:10.1177/0011392116639358 5520:10.1177/1557085117701574 5150:, at fourteen different 5013:(13.1 per 100,000), and 4655: 4635: 4394: 4385:prosecutorial discretion 4340: 4273:11 December 2012 at the 4244: 4210: 4193:(FGM) is defined by the 3987:accomplishment of gender 3525:, meaning "female" and - 3391:Feminists by nationality 3365:Women's studies journals 3360:Women's rights activists 2078:Movements and ideologies 10025:10.4324/9780203701850-6 8868:Joseph, Janice (2017). 8776:10.31265/jcsw.v13i1.160 8312:10.4324/9781315652436-2 7366:1 December 2012 at the 7350:(Summer 1992 ed.). 7333:(Spring 1990 ed.). 6972:UN Women – Headquarters 6647:Journal of Hate Studies 5674:23 January 2013 at the 5655:, 2nd ed. (1989) p. 285 5472:Wartime sexual violence 5171:2018 Toronto van attack 4722:Some of this section's 4606:The Istanbul Convention 4416:and communal conflict. 4332: 4205: 3717:Among intimate partners 3620:sex selective abortions 3616:murder of female babies 3513:Development of the term 3499:sex-selective abortions 2779:International relations 1640:Intersectional variants 1174:Avunculicide/Nepoticide 533:Secondary victimisation 357:Child sexual initiation 344:Sexual assault and rape 10220:Violence against women 10070:10.2307/j.ctv8xnfq2.10 10062:Femicide across Europe 9014:"Brazilian Penal Code" 8246:Femicide across Europe 8210:OBC Transeuropa/EDJNet 7643:Violence Against Women 6548:10.1037/e557252006-001 6511:10.2105/AJPH.93.7.1089 6487:Campbell, Jacquelyn C. 6113:10.3390/ijerph19127336 5792:Annals of Epidemiology 5462:Violence against women 5175:vehicle-ramming attack 4971:violence against women 4776: 4590:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4561: 4468: 3905:Black Feminist Studies 3903:Engaging in work with 3885:violence against women 3778:crime against humanity 3305:Conservative feminisms 2560:Bicycling and feminism 2536:Women in the workforce 2504:Violence against women 2479:Sexual objectification 2439:Opposition to feminism 1696:Vegetarian ecofeminism 1094:Voluntary manslaughter 1059:Vehicle-ramming attack 817:Violence against women 277:Violence against women 261: 202:by rewriting it in an 9505:When Men Murder Women 9467:10.1353/gia.2020.0007 8255:10.1332/9781447347163 7686:Public Health Nursing 6782:GMHC Treatment Issues 6686:Men and Masculinities 6052:6 August 2020 at the 6020:"COST Action IS-1206" 5608:Weil, Shalva (2016). 5021:(24.22 per 100,000), 4998:Amnesty International 4855:Mexican Supreme Court 4770: 4546: 4466: 4268:Symposium on Femicide 4233:. An expert from the 4062:gender non-conforming 4019:important or relevant 3950:of the 15th century: 3898:Boston, Massachusetts 3863:partner every month. 3335:Feminist rhetoricians 3325:Feminist philosophers 2877:Revisionist mythology 2580:Views on prostitution 2565:Criticism of marriage 2255:Children's literature 1112:Non-criminal homicide 1007:Murder for body parts 923:Depraved-heart murder 691:Marry-your-rapist law 686:Marriage by abduction 543:Virgin cleansing myth 255: 10019:. pp. 111–143. 10017:Femicide and the Law 9861:10.1503/cmaj.1095471 9735:www150.statcan.gc.ca 9334:11 July 2021 at the 8175:on 28 September 2021 8075:. 27 February 2024. 8073:Agence France-Presse 7207:Global Public Health 6342:Violence and Victims 6321:on 26 September 2021 6151:Feminist Criminology 5858:"Origin of Femicide" 5508:Feminist Criminology 5457:Violence against men 5426:Misogynist terrorism 5358:, the killing of men 4894:Brazilian Penal Code 4311:Human Rights Council 4155:U.N. Population Fund 4026:improve this section 3609:forced sterilization 3315:Feminist art critics 3290:Feminist comic books 3247:Lists and categories 2926:By continent/country 2757:Pathways perspective 2640:Gender mainstreaming 2575:Views on pornography 2484:Substantive equality 2464:Reproductive justice 2414:Matriarchal religion 2267:Diversity (politics) 2203:Political lesbianism 1513:Other women's rights 1153:Justifiable homicide 972:Lonely hearts killer 676:Forced sterilisation 372:Cybersex trafficking 9855:(33): E1080–E1081. 9319:Lettieri, Michael. 9283:. 29 November 2017. 8887:10.2298/tem1701003j 8506:"What is femicide?" 8490:Alle zwei wochen... 8420:Femicidio Casadonne 7911:(19 October 2005). 7032:Conflict and Health 6888:10.5353/th_b2952025 6864:on 5 December 2010. 6804:8 July 2009 at the 6491:Koziol-McLain, Jane 6489:; Webster, Daniel; 5989:Diana E. H. Russell 5987:Radford, Jill, and 5842:Russell, Diana E.H. 5367:Gender and religion 5346:European witchcraft 5140:racialized violence 5034:10.36 per 100,000. 4786:, referring to the 4479:, 1,028 custom and 4389:preliminary hearing 4319:Penal Code of India 3976:Victoria University 3972:Dr. Susan Hawthorne 3930:homophobic femicide 3852:rape crisis centers 3724:, sometimes called 3533:meaning "to kill". 3482:, or social norms. 3468:Diana E. H. Russell 3413:Feminism portal 3320:Feminist economists 3310:Ecofeminist authors 3115:Trinidad and Tobago 3055:Republic of Ireland 2747:Composition studies 2514:Women's empowerment 2469:Sex workers' rights 2394:Feminist capitalism 2374:Internalized sexism 2307:Feminism in culture 1415:History of feminism 908:Consensual homicide 863:Part of a series on 367:Forced prostitution 78:of this article is 10160:10.1111/lasr.12380 9971:. 16 February 2021 9969:Human Rights Pulse 9897:The Globe and Mail 9267:Americas Quarterly 9261:9 May 2019 at the 8632:. 20 February 2020 8341:franceinter France 8263:20.500.12657/28243 7390:9 May 2019 at the 7374:, 26 November 2012 6974:. 23 November 2022 6796:FBI Special Agent 6670:on 12 August 2017. 6464:. 28 February 2012 6315:opdv ny Government 5477:Women and religion 5351:Modern witch-hunts 5341:Torture of witches 5336:Salem witch trials 5316:Magic and religion 5258:Training officials 5200:Dubravka Šimonović 5131:Indigenous peoples 5019:Acapulco de Juárez 4878:gender segregation 4777: 4703:Karen Ingala Smith 4562: 4469: 4327:population control 4307:Special Rapporteur 4279:female infanticide 4139:Similarly, female 3960:femina cum feminus 3867:Racially motivated 3840:restraining orders 3640:Jacquelyn Campbell 3601:genital mutilation 3593:child sexual abuse 3538:feminist movements 2725:Literary criticism 2590:Views on sexuality 2277:Effects on society 2245:Complementarianism 2220:Women's liberation 1975:Religious variants 1949:trans-exclusionary 1667:Radical lesbianism 1138:Capital punishment 1104:Vehicular homicide 1099:Negligent homicide 1064:Wrongful execution 1002:Misdemeanor murder 928:Felony murder rule 607:Narcissistic abuse 262: 204:encyclopedic style 191:is written like a 10132:978-3-200-03012-1 10079:978-1-4473-4716-3 10034:978-0-203-70185-0 9760:Current Sociology 9480:Project MUSE 8321:978-1-315-65243-6 8272:978-1-4473-4716-3 7698:10.1111/phn.12326 7292:African Arguments 7160:Weil, S. (2016). 6798:Robert K. Ressler 6462:Small Arms Survey 5757:Current Sociology 5614:Current Sociology 5553:Current Sociology 5247:Raising awareness 5213:COVID-19 pandemic 5085: 5084: 4943:Michelle Bachelet 4871:sexual harassment 4760: 4759: 4752: 4475:by the country's 4408:, witch-hunting, 4054: 4053: 4046: 3909:domestic violence 3749:sexual harassment 3730:romantic femicide 3726:intimate femicide 3634:Other definitions 3597:sexual harassment 3587:(particularly in 3491:domestic violence 3447: 3446: 3398: 3397: 2917: 2916: 2907:womanist theology 2850:Political ecology 2681:Écriture féminine 2608: 2607: 2499:Triple oppression 2489:Toxic masculinity 2474:Sexual harassment 2334:Feminist stripper 2312:Feminist movement 1868: 1867: 1799:Africana womanism 1630: 1629: 1367: 1366: 1158:"License to kill" 967:Internet homicide 948:Child cannibalism 943:Human cannibalism 858: 857: 713:Toxic masculinity 645:Droit du seigneur 622:Domestic violence 377:Human trafficking 250: 249: 242: 232: 231: 224: 174: 173: 166: 140:used on Knowledge 138:encyclopedic tone 119: 118: 111: 57: 10227: 10200:Killings by type 10172: 10171: 10143: 10137: 10136: 10118: 10112: 10111: 10109: 10107: 10096: 10090: 10089: 10088: 10086: 10053: 10047: 10046: 10012: 10003: 10002: 10000: 9998: 9987: 9981: 9980: 9978: 9976: 9961: 9955: 9948: 9942: 9941: 9915: 9909: 9908: 9906: 9904: 9889: 9883: 9882: 9872: 9840: 9834: 9833: 9799: 9790: 9784: 9783: 9755: 9746: 9745: 9743: 9741: 9726: 9717: 9716: 9685: 9679: 9678: 9669:(3/4): 151–173. 9658: 9647: 9646: 9636: 9619:(8): 1473–1479. 9604: 9598: 9597: 9574:Homicide Studies 9569: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9558: 9523: 9517: 9516: 9514: 9512: 9502: 9494: 9488: 9487: 9469: 9445: 9439: 9436: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9420: 9409: 9403: 9402: 9400: 9398: 9384: 9378: 9377: 9375: 9373: 9367: 9359: 9353: 9352: 9344: 9338: 9317: 9311: 9310: 9308: 9306: 9291: 9285: 9284: 9277: 9271: 9252: 9246: 9242:The New Republic 9234: 9228: 9227: 9214: 9208: 9207: 9205: 9203: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9176:. 20 August 2015 9166: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9155: 9149:Business Insider 9141: 9132: 9131: 9129: 9127: 9116: 9110: 9109: 9107: 9105: 9090: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9079: 9064: 9058: 9057: 9055: 9053: 9038: 9029: 9028: 9026: 9024: 9010: 9004: 9003: 9001: 8999: 8984: 8967: 8966: 8948: 8942: 8941: 8911: 8905: 8898: 8892: 8891: 8889: 8865: 8859: 8858: 8840: 8816: 8807: 8800: 8789: 8788: 8778: 8754: 8748: 8747: 8745: 8743: 8737: 8728: 8719: 8718: 8716: 8714: 8699: 8693: 8692: 8690: 8688: 8673: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8662: 8648: 8642: 8641: 8639: 8637: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8611: 8596: 8590: 8589: 8587: 8585: 8575: 8566: 8565: 8563: 8561: 8546: 8540: 8539: 8537: 8535: 8524: 8518: 8517: 8515: 8513: 8502: 8496: 8493:tagesanzeiger.ch 8487: 8481: 8475:Totensdelicht... 8472: 8466: 8457: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446: 8437: 8429: 8423: 8408: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8397: 8382: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8359: 8353: 8352: 8350: 8348: 8332: 8326: 8325: 8299: 8293: 8292: 8240: 8231: 8225: 8220: 8218: 8216: 8201: 8195: 8191: 8185: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8171:. Archived from 8161: 8155: 8154: 8152: 8150: 8135: 8129: 8122: 8116: 8106: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8059: 8053: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8033: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8011: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7977: 7975: 7960: 7954: 7953: 7951: 7949: 7940:. Archived from 7934: 7928: 7927: 7925: 7923: 7909:Rainsford, Sarah 7905: 7899: 7898: 7878: 7872: 7871: 7869: 7867: 7853: 7847: 7846: 7844: 7842: 7837:. The World Bank 7831: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7815:. The World Bank 7809: 7803: 7802: 7764: 7758: 7757: 7755: 7753: 7738: 7732: 7731: 7724: 7718: 7717: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7649:(3–4): 320–338. 7638: 7629: 7628: 7626: 7624: 7613: 7607: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7588: 7582: 7572: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7561: 7546: 7540: 7539: 7538:. 10 April 2023. 7532: 7526: 7525: 7518: 7512: 7511: 7504: 7498: 7497: 7469: 7460: 7454: 7453: 7428: 7417: 7411: 7394: 7381: 7375: 7358: 7352: 7351: 7344: 7335: 7334: 7327: 7316: 7309: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7283: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7263: 7255: 7249: 7248: 7230: 7198: 7192: 7191: 7181: 7157: 7151: 7150: 7140: 7122: 7098: 7089: 7082: 7076: 7075: 7065: 7047: 7022: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7011: 7002: 6990: 6984: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6964: 6958: 6955: 6949: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6920: 6914: 6913: 6907: 6899: 6875: 6866: 6865: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6824:Homicide Studies 6819: 6808: 6791: 6785: 6778: 6772: 6763: 6757: 6756: 6754: 6752: 6737: 6731: 6730: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6681: 6672: 6671: 6669: 6663:. Archived from 6662: 6644: 6636:Hawthorne, Susan 6632: 6617: 6616: 6588: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6572:on 26 April 2013 6568:. Archived from 6558: 6552: 6551: 6539: 6533: 6532: 6522: 6505:(7): 1089–1097. 6483: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6454: 6445: 6444: 6416: 6410: 6409: 6380: 6374: 6373: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6317:. Archived from 6307: 6301: 6300: 6280: 6271: 6270: 6247:Homicide Studies 6242: 6236: 6235: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6187: 6186: 6176: 6166: 6142: 6136: 6135: 6125: 6115: 6091: 6080: 6067: 6056: 6042: 6036: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6022:. Archived from 6016: 6010: 6009: 5998: 5992: 5985: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5938:. Archived from 5932: 5923: 5920: 5911: 5910: 5887:Homicide Studies 5882: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5862:dianarussell.com 5854: 5845: 5839: 5816: 5815: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5763:(7): 1124–1137. 5752: 5746: 5736: 5727: 5726: 5698: 5679: 5665: 5656: 5650: 5644: 5643: 5636: 5630: 5629: 5620:(7): 1124–1137. 5605: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5594: 5583: 5577: 5576: 5548: 5542: 5541: 5531: 5499: 5387:Hypermasculinity 5372:Gender apartheid 5183:social rejection 5152:Indian Hospitals 5087:Femicide in the 5080: 5077: 5071: 5059: 5058: 5051: 4788:female homicides 4755: 4748: 4744: 4741: 4735: 4717: 4709: 4558: 4552: 4283:forced abortions 4231:one-child policy 4202:because of FGM. 4122: 4049: 4042: 4038: 4035: 4029: 4010: 4009: 4002: 3954:was linked with 3928:, also known as 3848:women's shelters 3657:COST Action 1206 3563:Feminist author 3550: 3439: 3432: 3425: 3411: 3410: 3409: 3350:Feminist parties 3345:Muslim feminists 3340:Jewish feminists 3251: 3250: 3232:History of women 2855:Political theory 2623: 2622: 2553: 2552: 2526: 2519:Women-only space 2404:Likeability trap 2369:Invisible labour 2287:Female education 2096:Anti-pornography 1951: 1950: 1946: 1662:Lesbian of color 1645: 1644: 1522:Women's suffrage 1498:Muslim countries 1493:Women's suffrage 1410:Feminist history 1403: 1402: 1392: 1369: 1368: 1359: 1352: 1345: 1321:Suspicious death 1133:Assisted suicide 1119:Note: Varies by 918:Crime of passion 913:Contract killing 898:Attempted murder 884:Note: Varies by 860: 859: 850: 843: 836: 671:Forced pregnancy 264: 263: 245: 238: 227: 220: 216: 213: 207: 184: 183: 176: 169: 162: 158: 155: 149: 148:for suggestions. 144:See Knowledge's 129: 128: 121: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 68: 67: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 10235: 10234: 10230: 10229: 10228: 10226: 10225: 10224: 10210:1976 neologisms 10190: 10189: 10181: 10176: 10175: 10144: 10140: 10133: 10119: 10115: 10105: 10103: 10098: 10097: 10093: 10084: 10082: 10080: 10054: 10050: 10035: 10013: 10006: 9996: 9994: 9989: 9988: 9984: 9974: 9972: 9963: 9962: 9958: 9949: 9945: 9930: 9916: 9912: 9902: 9900: 9899:. 27 April 2018 9891: 9890: 9886: 9841: 9837: 9797: 9791: 9787: 9766:(7): 996–1016. 9756: 9749: 9739: 9737: 9727: 9720: 9686: 9682: 9659: 9650: 9605: 9601: 9570: 9566: 9556: 9554: 9524: 9520: 9510: 9508: 9500: 9496: 9495: 9491: 9446: 9442: 9437: 9428: 9418: 9416: 9411: 9410: 9406: 9396: 9394: 9386: 9385: 9381: 9371: 9369: 9365: 9361: 9360: 9356: 9345: 9341: 9336:Wayback Machine 9318: 9314: 9304: 9302: 9292: 9288: 9279: 9278: 9274: 9263:Wayback Machine 9253: 9249: 9235: 9231: 9226:. 7 March 2018. 9216: 9215: 9211: 9201: 9199: 9194: 9193: 9189: 9179: 9177: 9168: 9167: 9163: 9153: 9151: 9143: 9142: 9135: 9125: 9123: 9118: 9117: 9113: 9103: 9101: 9092: 9091: 9087: 9077: 9075: 9066: 9065: 9061: 9051: 9049: 9040: 9039: 9032: 9022: 9020: 9012: 9011: 9007: 8997: 8995: 8985: 8970: 8963: 8949: 8945: 8912: 8908: 8899: 8895: 8866: 8862: 8817: 8810: 8801: 8792: 8755: 8751: 8741: 8739: 8735: 8729: 8722: 8712: 8710: 8701: 8700: 8696: 8686: 8684: 8683:. 15 April 2020 8681:The Independent 8675: 8674: 8670: 8660: 8658: 8650: 8649: 8645: 8635: 8633: 8624: 8623: 8619: 8609: 8607: 8598: 8597: 8593: 8583: 8581: 8577: 8576: 8569: 8559: 8557: 8548: 8547: 8543: 8533: 8531: 8526: 8525: 8521: 8511: 8509: 8504: 8503: 8499: 8488: 8484: 8473: 8469: 8463:feminicidio.net 8458: 8454: 8444: 8442: 8435: 8431: 8430: 8426: 8417:Wayback Machine 8409: 8405: 8395: 8393: 8383: 8379: 8369: 8367: 8360: 8356: 8346: 8344: 8333: 8329: 8322: 8301: 8300: 8296: 8273: 8241: 8234: 8214: 8212: 8202: 8198: 8192: 8188: 8178: 8176: 8163: 8162: 8158: 8148: 8146: 8136: 8132: 8123: 8119: 8107: 8103: 8093: 8091: 8061: 8060: 8056: 8046: 8044: 8035: 8034: 8030: 8020: 8018: 8013: 8012: 8008: 7998: 7996: 7988: 7987: 7983: 7973: 7971: 7962: 7961: 7957: 7947: 7945: 7944:on 7 April 2016 7936: 7935: 7931: 7921: 7919: 7906: 7902: 7879: 7875: 7865: 7863: 7855: 7854: 7850: 7840: 7838: 7833: 7832: 7828: 7818: 7816: 7811: 7810: 7806: 7765: 7761: 7751: 7749: 7739: 7735: 7726: 7725: 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4116: 4084:Serial femicide 4081: 4058:corrective rape 4050: 4039: 4033: 4030: 4023: 4011: 4007: 4000: 3998:Corrective rape 3922: 3883:interacts with 3873:racist femicide 3869: 3860: 3719: 3669: 3636: 3605:heterosexuality 3561: 3548: 3529:from the Latin 3515: 3510: 3462:. In 1976, the 3443: 3407: 3405: 3400: 3399: 3301: 3248: 3240: 3239: 3238: 3147:Northern Cyprus 2927: 2919: 2918: 2913: 2735:Science fiction 2686: 2665:Women's studies 2630:Feminist method 2620: 2610: 2609: 2604: 2550: 2542: 2541: 2540: 2524: 2434:Oedipus complex 2424:Men in feminism 2389:Language reform 2364:Ideal womanhood 2344:Gender equality 2339:Formal equality 2302:Feminationalism 2240:Cognitive labor 2234: 2226: 2225: 2224: 2181:Post-structural 2080: 2070: 2069: 2068: 1977: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1948: 1945:Gender-critical 1944: 1943: 1894:Femonationalism 1878: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1843:Native American 1783: 1738:Critical theory 1700: 1642: 1632: 1631: 1626: 1581:Second Republic 1509: 1479: 1446: 1420:Women's history 1400: 1363: 1069:Judicial murder 960:Child sacrifice 955:Human sacrifice 854: 807:Sex and the law 787:Women's shelter 708:Sexual bullying 666:Forced marriage 656:Forced abortion 579:Gishiri cutting 548:Widow cleansing 538:Sexual violence 246: 235: 234: 233: 228: 217: 211: 208: 200:help improve it 197: 185: 181: 170: 159: 153: 150: 143: 134:This article's 130: 126: 115: 104: 98: 95: 84: 69: 65: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10233: 10223: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10188: 10187: 10180: 10179:External links 10177: 10174: 10173: 10154:(2): 452–486. 10138: 10131: 10113: 10091: 10078: 10048: 10033: 10004: 9982: 9956: 9943: 9928: 9910: 9884: 9835: 9808:(2): 121–129. 9785: 9747: 9718: 9705:10.1086/342590 9699:(2): 581–608. 9680: 9648: 9599: 9580:(4): 422–446. 9564: 9538:(2): 100–104. 9518: 9489: 9440: 9426: 9404: 9379: 9354: 9339: 9312: 9286: 9272: 9247: 9229: 9209: 9187: 9161: 9133: 9111: 9085: 9059: 9030: 9005: 8993:Open Democracy 8968: 8961: 8943: 8906: 8893: 8860: 8808: 8790: 8749: 8720: 8709:. 30 June 2022 8694: 8668: 8643: 8617: 8606:. 7 March 2021 8591: 8567: 8556:. 7 March 2021 8541: 8519: 8497: 8482: 8467: 8452: 8424: 8403: 8377: 8354: 8327: 8320: 8294: 8271: 8232: 8196: 8186: 8169:femicide-watch 8156: 8142:(in Italian). 8130: 8117: 8101: 8054: 8043:. 1 April 2021 8028: 8006: 7981: 7970:. 31 July 2020 7955: 7929: 7900: 7873: 7848: 7826: 7804: 7777:(2): 189–198. 7759: 7747:Foreign Policy 7733: 7719: 7692:(5): 412–421. 7676: 7630: 7608: 7583: 7567: 7541: 7527: 7513: 7499: 7455: 7449: 7418: 7395: 7376: 7353: 7336: 7317: 7304: 7278: 7250: 7193: 7152: 7090: 7077: 7017: 6985: 6959: 6950: 6937: 6915: 6867: 6849: 6809: 6786: 6773: 6758: 6732: 6711: 6673: 6618: 6599:(4): 511–531. 6583: 6553: 6534: 6475: 6446: 6427:(5): 623–637. 6411: 6375: 6348:(4): 393–406. 6332: 6302: 6272: 6253:(4): 378–399. 6237: 6202: 6188: 6157:(4): 353–375. 6137: 6081: 6057: 6037: 6011: 5993: 5953: 5924: 5912: 5893:(4): 347–352. 5874: 5846: 5817: 5798:(4): 322–329. 5782: 5747: 5739:Russell, Diana 5728: 5715:10.1086/696692 5709:(4): 929–954. 5680: 5657: 5645: 5631: 5600: 5578: 5559:(7): 967–974. 5543: 5504:Paul Mazerolle 5488: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5428: 5423: 5417: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5301:Genocidal rape 5298: 5293: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5268: 5265: 5259: 5256: 5248: 5245: 5235: 5232: 5208: 5205: 5190: 5189:United Nations 5187: 5109: 5106: 5094:North Carolina 5083: 5082: 5063: 5061: 5054: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 4985:Main article: 4982: 4979: 4962: 4959: 4926: 4923: 4905: 4902: 4889: 4886: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4724:listed sources 4721: 4719: 4712: 4692:United Kingdom 4687: 4686:United Kingdom 4684: 4675: 4672: 4660:Main article: 4657: 4654: 4649: 4646: 4637: 4634: 4626: 4623: 4614: 4611: 4601:European Union 4574:Western Europe 4555: 4549: 4540: 4537: 4524: 4521: 4502:Marmara region 4481:honor killings 4460: 4457: 4421: 4418: 4401:Nepalese women 4396: 4393: 4342: 4339: 4334: 4331: 4287:honor killings 4262:to end female 4246: 4243: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4178: 4175: 4159:honor killings 4149: 4146: 4132: 4129: 4100:Wayne Williams 4096:Jeffrey Dahmer 4080: 4077: 4052: 4051: 4014: 4012: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3964: 3963: 3945: 3941: 3921: 3918: 3868: 3865: 3859: 3856: 3718: 3715: 3668: 3665: 3635: 3632: 3585:sexual slavery 3560: 3557: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3441: 3434: 3427: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3402: 3401: 3396: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3388: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3330:Feminist poets 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3300: 3299: 3297:Feminist songs 3294: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3277: 3276: 3275: 3273:by nationality 3265: 3259: 3256: 3255: 3249: 3246: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3237: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3224: 3222:United Kingdom 3219: 3214: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3118: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2992: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2976: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2929: 2928: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2911: 2910: 2909: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2873: 2872: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2846: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2833:Existentialism 2830: 2829: 2828: 2826:Justice ethics 2818: 2813: 2808: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2787: 2786: 2784:Constructivism 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2760: 2759: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2691:Areas of study 2688: 2687: 2685: 2684: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2635:Gender studies 2632: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2606: 2605: 2603: 2602: 2600:SCUM Manifesto 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2556: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2539: 2538: 2533: 2531:Women's rights 2528: 2525:Women's health 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2409:Male privilege 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2378:International 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2324: 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1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1061: 1056: 1054:Torture murder 1051: 1049:Thrill killing 1046: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1037:Angel of mercy 1029: 1027:Pseudocommando 1024: 1019: 1014: 1012:Murder–suicide 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 963: 962: 952: 951: 950: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 879: 878: 872: 871: 865: 864: 856: 855: 853: 852: 845: 838: 830: 827: 826: 825: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 776: 775: 774:Related topics 771: 770: 769: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 730: 729: 723: 722: 721: 720: 715: 710: 705: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 641: 640: 639: 634: 629: 619: 614: 609: 601: 600: 596: 595: 594: 593: 588: 587: 586: 581: 571: 569:Breast ironing 566: 558: 557: 553: 552: 551: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 529: 528: 523: 518: 513: 506:Sexual assault 503: 502: 501: 496: 494:Unacknowledged 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 401: 396: 395: 394: 389: 387:Sexual slavery 384: 379: 374: 364: 359: 354: 346: 345: 341: 340: 339: 338: 333: 328: 323: 321:Pregnant women 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 285: 284: 280: 279: 273: 272: 248: 247: 230: 229: 188: 186: 179: 172: 171: 133: 131: 124: 117: 116: 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10232: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10197: 10195: 10186: 10183: 10182: 10169: 10165: 10161: 10157: 10153: 10149: 10142: 10134: 10128: 10124: 10117: 10101: 10095: 10081: 10075: 10071: 10067: 10063: 10059: 10052: 10044: 10040: 10036: 10030: 10026: 10022: 10018: 10011: 10009: 9992: 9986: 9970: 9966: 9960: 9953: 9947: 9939: 9935: 9931: 9929:9783200030121 9925: 9921: 9914: 9898: 9894: 9888: 9880: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9862: 9858: 9854: 9850: 9846: 9839: 9831: 9827: 9823: 9819: 9815: 9811: 9807: 9803: 9796: 9789: 9781: 9777: 9773: 9769: 9765: 9761: 9754: 9752: 9736: 9732: 9725: 9723: 9714: 9710: 9706: 9702: 9698: 9694: 9690: 9684: 9676: 9672: 9668: 9664: 9657: 9655: 9653: 9644: 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Women's Aid 8507: 8501: 8494: 8491: 8486: 8479: 8476: 8471: 8464: 8461: 8456: 8441: 8434: 8428: 8421: 8418: 8414: 8411: 8407: 8392: 8388: 8381: 8365: 8358: 8342: 8338: 8331: 8323: 8317: 8313: 8309: 8305: 8298: 8290: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8268: 8264: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8248: 8247: 8239: 8237: 8229: 8224: 8211: 8207: 8200: 8190: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8160: 8145: 8141: 8134: 8126: 8121: 8114: 8110: 8105: 8090: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8069: 8064: 8058: 8042: 8038: 8032: 8016: 8010: 7995: 7991: 7985: 7969: 7965: 7959: 7943: 7939: 7933: 7918: 7914: 7910: 7904: 7896: 7892: 7888: 7884: 7877: 7862: 7858: 7852: 7836: 7830: 7814: 7808: 7800: 7796: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7771: 7763: 7748: 7744: 7737: 7729: 7723: 7715: 7711: 7707: 7703: 7699: 7695: 7691: 7687: 7680: 7672: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7637: 7635: 7618: 7612: 7597: 7593: 7587: 7580: 7576: 7571: 7556: 7552: 7545: 7537: 7531: 7523: 7517: 7509: 7503: 7495: 7491: 7487: 7483: 7479: 7475: 7474: 7466: 7459: 7452: 7450:9781845204679 7446: 7442: 7438: 7434: 7427: 7425: 7423: 7415: 7410: 7408: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7400: 7393: 7389: 7386: 7380: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7362: 7357: 7349: 7343: 7341: 7332: 7326: 7324: 7322: 7314: 7308: 7293: 7289: 7282: 7267: 7260: 7254: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7229: 7228:11250/3104973 7224: 7220: 7216: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7197: 7189: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7171: 7167: 7163: 7156: 7148: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7130: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7112: 7108: 7107:PLOS Medicine 7104: 7097: 7095: 7087: 7081: 7073: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7021: 7006: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6973: 6969: 6963: 6954: 6947: 6941: 6925: 6919: 6911: 6905: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6874: 6872: 6863: 6859: 6853: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6818: 6816: 6814: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6790: 6783: 6777: 6770: 6769: 6762: 6747: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6727: 6722: 6715: 6707: 6703: 6699: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6680: 6678: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6641: 6637: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6587: 6571: 6567: 6566:Hope Movement 6563: 6557: 6549: 6545: 6538: 6530: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6488: 6482: 6480: 6463: 6459: 6453: 6451: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6415: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6386:Partner Abuse 6379: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6336: 6320: 6316: 6312: 6306: 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6279: 6277: 6268: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6241: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6206: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6184: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6148: 6141: 6133: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6079: 6075: 6072: 6066: 6064: 6062: 6055: 6051: 6048: 6041: 6026:on 9 May 2019 6025: 6021: 6015: 6007: 6003: 5997: 5990: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5976: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5966: 5964: 5962: 5960: 5958: 5942:on 9 May 2019 5941: 5937: 5931: 5929: 5919: 5917: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5881: 5879: 5863: 5859: 5853: 5851: 5843: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5786: 5778: 5774: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5751: 5744: 5740: 5735: 5733: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5664: 5662: 5654: 5649: 5641: 5635: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5604: 5588: 5582: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5547: 5539: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5498: 5496: 5494: 5489: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5432: 5431:Missing women 5429: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5377:Honor killing 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5288: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5264: 5255: 5252: 5244: 5240: 5231: 5229: 5228:Sarah Everard 5225: 5224:Wayne Couzens 5220: 5217: 5214: 5204: 5201: 5196: 5193:In 2013, the 5186: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5167: 5165: 5161: 5156: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5135: 5132: 5128: 5124: 5118: 5115: 5105: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5090: 5089:United States 5079: 5076:February 2024 5067: 5062: 5053: 5052: 5047:United States 5042:North America 5039: 5035: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4994: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4967: 4958: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4922: 4919: 4915: 4910: 4901: 4897: 4895: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4874: 4872: 4866: 4864: 4858: 4856: 4851: 4847: 4845: 4839: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4792:Ciudad Juárez 4789: 4785: 4781: 4774: 4769: 4763:Latin America 4754: 4751: 4743: 4731: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4716: 4711: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4699: 4698: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4671: 4669: 4663: 4653: 4645: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4622: 4620: 4610: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4545: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4520: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4507: 4503: 4498: 4494: 4489: 4487: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4465: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4417: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4402: 4392: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4338: 4330: 4328: 4323: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4296: 4292: 4291:dowry murders 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4252: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4226: 4224: 4218: 4203: 4201: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4174: 4170: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4145: 4142: 4137: 4128: 4126: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4091: 4089: 4085: 4076: 4074: 4069: 4068:Eudy Simelane 4065: 4063: 4059: 4048: 4045: 4037: 4027: 4022: 4020: 4013: 4004: 4003: 3995: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3917: 3915: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3899: 3894: 3892: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3864: 3855: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3805:gun ownership 3801: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3785: 3783: 3779: 3774: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3741: 3739: 3733: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3714: 3712: 3708: 3707:honor killing 3703: 3701: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3677:honor killing 3674: 3673:Diana Russell 3664: 3660: 3658: 3654: 3648: 3644: 3641: 3631: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3612: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3571: 3566: 3565:Diana Russell 3556: 3552: 3545: 3544:Diana Russell 3541: 3539: 3534: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3440: 3435: 3433: 3428: 3426: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3414: 3404: 3403: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3278: 3274: 3271: 3270: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3252: 3244: 3243: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3228: 3227:United States 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3213: 3210: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3077: 3076: 3075:Latin America 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2923: 2922: 2908: 2905: 2904: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2897:Technoscience 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2824: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2785: 2782: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2720:Art criticism 2718: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2694: 2690: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2670:Men's studies 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2613: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2570:Views on BDSM 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2555: 2554: 2546: 2545: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2494:Transmisogyny 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2454:Purplewashing 2452: 2450: 2449:Protofeminism 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2359:Honor killing 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2314: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2230: 2229: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2195: 2194: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2128:Individualist 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2102: 2101:Cyberfeminism 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2079: 2074: 2073: 2065: 2062: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2021: 2018: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1970: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1941: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1884:Anti-abortion 1882: 1881: 1874: 1873: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1844: 1841: 1840: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1789:Multicultural 1787: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1773: 1772:Transnational 1770: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1690: 1689:Postgenderism 1687: 1686: 1685: 1684:Transfeminism 1682: 1680: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1635: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1615:United States 1613: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1568:Liechtenstein 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1527: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1455: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1404: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1370: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1348: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1338: 1337: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1279:Friendly fire 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1249: 1246: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1122: 1116: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032:Serial killer 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 997:Mass stabbing 995: 993: 992:Mass shooting 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 961: 958: 957: 956: 953: 949: 946: 945: 944: 941: 939: 938:Honor killing 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 893:Assassination 891: 890: 889: 888: 887: 881: 880: 877: 874: 873: 870: 867: 866: 862: 861: 851: 846: 844: 839: 837: 832: 831: 829: 828: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 779: 778: 777: 773: 772: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 756:Belém do Pará 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 733: 732: 731: 728: 725: 724: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 703: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 661:Force-feeding 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 646: 642: 638: 637:and pregnancy 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 624: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 604: 603: 602: 598: 597: 592: 589: 585: 582: 580: 577: 576: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 560: 559: 556:Disfigurement 555: 554: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 508: 507: 504: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 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