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The foramen of
Panizza connects the left and right aorta. Deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle, sitting in the left aorta, can flow into the right aorta through the foramen of Panizza. When the heart is relaxed, some oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, sitting in the right aorta, can
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Two vessels, the left aorta and the pulmonary artery, exit the right ventricle. Blood from the right ventricle goes to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, as in mammals and birds. However, when a unique active valve leading to the pulmonary artery contracts, pressure in the right ventricle can
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flow into the left aorta across the foramen of
Panizza. However, some species of crocodilians have regulatory sphincters that prevent unwanted flow of blood through the foramen of Panizza during non-diving.
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increase, and blood can leave the right ventricle, enter the left aortic arch, and therefore bypass the pulmonary circulation.
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Franklin, C. E.; Axelsson, M. (2000). "Physiology: An actively controlled heart valve".
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102:of all animals of the order
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