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611:, and other parts of Europe—Poland, the Czech lands, Austria, Hungary, England, Sweden, Denmark, Saxony—carrying their styles with them. The exact centres shifted during this time, and by the end of the sixteenth century the focal point of the Western musical world had moved from the Low Countries to Italy.
614:
To conclude, let us recall that the expression "Franco-Flemish" and the more biased one of "Dutch school" are still controversial among musicologists. They were not in use at that time and seem to cover only part of the linguistic, political, territorial and historical reality.
623:
Following are five groups, or generations, that are sometimes distinguished in the Franco-Flemish/Netherlandish school. Development of this musical style was continuous, and these generations only provide useful reference points.
846:. By this time, many of the composers of polyphonic music were native to Italy and other countries: the Netherlandish style had naturalized on foreign soil, and become a true European style.
859:
were typically written for four voices, with all voices being equal. They often exhibit thick, dark textures, with an extended low range. The most notable composers of this style include
500:—are grouped under "Franco-Flemish School", though a teacher-student-relationship between them rarely existed. Most of these musicians were born in the thriving Burgundian provinces of
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in the 15th and 16th centuries as well as to the composers who wrote it. The spread of their technique, especially after the revolutionary development of
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who was one of the most influential composers of his generation. During periods of political and economic stability, the courts of the
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488:(Imperial and French fiefs ruled in personal union by the House of Valois-Burgundy in the period from 1384 to 1482)—i.e. present-day
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Franco-Flemish composers had their origins in ecclesiastical choir schools such as at the cathedrals and collegiate churches of
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embraces both earlier
Burgundian traditions and also Italian and English styles. For example, in 1442, the poet
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Gut, Serge. 1968. "A propos des polyphonistes de la
Renaissance : franco-flamand ou néerlandais".
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1150:. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company.
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Tonus
Peregrinus: The History of a Psalm-Tone and Its Use in Polyphonic Music
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Volledige namenlijst van alle polyfonisten uit de
Nederlanden (1400–1600)
1165:
Music: A Comprehensive
Introduction: A Complete Music Appreciation Course
721:
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437:
1543:
1120:, third edition. Music Literature Outline Series 1. : Frangipani Press.
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871:, composed between 1500 and 1521, provides a good example.
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in the 9th century. Franco-Flemish composers mainly wrote
1111:. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc.
1089:
950:
520:. Others were born in Northern and Southern France, like
1092:
Sprezzatura: Fifty Ways
Italian Genius Shaped the World
956:
920:
992:
648:; this group of composers is most often known as the
1180:
Wright, Craig, and David
Fallows. 2001. "Burgundy".
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1179:
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1090:D'Epiro, Peter, and Mary Desmond Pinkowish. 2001.
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1043:, fourth edition. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
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1182:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
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484:composers from the region loosely known as the
532:were a centre of cultural activity in Europe.
1846:
1559:
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1141:, online edition (accessed 12 January 2018).
1167:. New York: Excelsior Music Publishing Co.
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1116:Gleeson, Harold, and Warren Becker. 1988.
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660:praised Binchois and Dufay for following
591:where they were called "I fiamminghi" or
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1118:Music in the Middle Ages and Renaissance
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681:as its main exponent, others including
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855:Composed between 1450 and 1520, these
1860:
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1077:. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
1072:
1041:The Facts on File Dictionary of Music
1038:
938:
914:
1212:A History of Music and Musical Style
1132:
1039:Ammer, Christine. "Flemish School".
986:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1075:Dies Irae: A Guide to Requiem Music
587:or moved to the European courts in
24:
1198:
652:. The origins of the style of the
25:
2655:
897:Category:Franco-Flemish composers
601:Flemish chapel (capilla flamenca)
595:("those from over the Alps") and
2639:Renaissance in the Low Countries
2602:
2593:
2592:
2128:Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
1532:
1109:Five Centuries of Keyboard Music
1060:. Dubuque: W. C. Brown Company.
881:
34:
1192:. London: Macmillan Publishers.
45:needs additional citations for
618:
13:
1:
1871:List of Renaissance composers
902:
440:composition originating from
1184:, second edition, edited by
7:
1385:Grupo de renovación musical
1135:Franco-Netherlandish School
874:
10:
2660:
2501:Petrus Phalesius the Elder
2316:English Virginalist School
1094:. New York: Anchor Books.
1056:Broekema, Andrew J. 1978.
951:D'Epiro and Pinkowish 2001
869:De profundis clamavi ad te
632:(1420–1450), dominated by
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1269:
1146:Lundberg, Mattias. 2012.
756:, and most significantly
524:, Simone de Bonefont and
433:, refers to the style of
1139:Encyclopaedia Britannica
851:The Franco-Flemish motet
2311:English Madrigal School
1133:Karp, Theodore. 2007. "
1107:Gillespie, John. 1965.
1023:Wright and Fallows 2001
975:Gleeson and Becker 1988
480:Several generations of
69:"Franco-Flemish School"
2153:Tomás Luis de Victoria
1957:Oswald von Wolkenstein
1744:Jacob Clemens non Papa
1490:Viennese preclassicism
1163:Porter, Steven. 1986.
889:Classical music portal
670:("English character").
446:Burgundian Netherlands
2173:Transition to Baroque
2118:Pierre de Manchicourt
1759:Pierre de Manchicourt
1575:Franco-Flemish School
1073:Chase, Robert. 2003.
407:Franco-Flemish School
178:Movements and schools
166:Transition to Baroque
2203:Girolamo Frescobaldi
2010:Cristóbal de Morales
476:Term and controversy
419:Low Countries School
411:Netherlandish School
54:improve this article
27:Style of vocal music
2644:Culture of Wallonia
2629:Composition schools
2321:Florentine Camerata
2293:Composition schools
1952:Gaspar van Weerbeke
1380:Grupo de los cuatro
1345:English Virginalist
1263:Composition schools
667:contenance angloise
215:English Virginalist
200:Florentine Camerata
2516:Thomas Vautrollier
2496:Ottaviano Petrucci
2471:Pierre Attaingnant
2461:Hieronymus Andreae
2268:Michael Praetorius
2253:Claudio Monteverdi
2243:Giovanni de Macque
2238:Luzzasco Luzzaschi
2208:Alfonso Fontanelli
2098:Francisco Guerrero
2073:Antonio de Cabezón
1985:Thomas Crecquillon
1967:Middle (1470–1530)
1947:Johannes Tinctoris
1887:Alexander Agricola
1795:Giovanni de Macque
1749:Thomas Crecquillon
1708:Matthaeus Pipelare
1662:Johannes Tinctoris
1647:Marbrianus de Orto
1622:Alexander Agricola
1395:Khrennikov's Seven
1058:The Music Listener
677:(1450–1485), with
2634:Renaissance music
2616:
2615:
2213:Giovanni Gabrieli
2040:Philippe Verdelot
1937:Johannes Ockeghem
1879:Early (1400–1470)
1862:Renaissance music
1828:
1827:
1800:Philippe de Monte
1642:Johannes Ockeghem
1637:Guillaume Faugues
1541:
1540:
1375:Grupo de los ocho
1365:Generación del 51
1360:Ears Open Society
1156:978-1-4094-0786-7
1083:978-0-8108-4664-7
765:Fourth generation
675:Second generation
650:Burgundian School
607:, or to towns in
522:Guillaume Faugues
496:and the Southern
415:Burgundian School
403:
402:
145:Renaissance music
130:
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16:(Redirected from
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2476:Vittorio Baldini
2453:Music publishing
2228:Hans Leo Hassler
2183:Gregorio Allegri
2138:Cipriano de Rore
2113:Vicente Lusitano
2108:Orlando di Lasso
2063:Jacques Arcadelt
2030:Pierre de la Rue
2025:Josquin des Prez
2005:Clément Janequin
2000:Antoine de Févin
1990:Antonius Divitis
1932:Johannes Martini
1907:Guillaume Du Fay
1855:
1848:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1785:Orlando di Lasso
1764:Cipriano de Rore
1739:Jacques Arcadelt
1723:Pierre de la Rue
1713:Josquin des Prez
1688:Antoine de Févin
1683:Antonius Divitis
1652:Johannes Prioris
1606:Johannes Pullois
1591:Guillaume Du Fay
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1477:The Turkish Five
1472:Sonic Arts Union
1430:Neue Einfachheit
1390:Grupo renovación
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1335:English Madrigal
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801:Clemens non Papa
758:Josquin des Prez
718:Third generation
664:in adopting the
654:first generation
638:Guillaume Du Fay
630:First generation
599:—notably in the
530:Burgundian dukes
405:The designation
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2223:Orlando Gibbons
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2158:Giaches de Wert
2148:Christopher Tye
2103:Claude Le Jeune
2093:Claude Goudimel
2088:Nicolas Gombert
2083:Andrea Gabrieli
2078:Jacobus Clemens
2049:
2045:Adrian Willaert
1975:Martin Agricola
1961:
1897:Antoine Busnois
1892:Gilles Binchois
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1035:
1028:
1027:
1015:
1003:
991:
979:
967:
963:Gillespie 1965
955:
943:
931:
919:
906:
904:
901:
900:
899:
893:
892:
876:
873:
852:
849:
848:
847:
804:
761:
714:
671:
634:Jean Tapissier
620:
617:
526:Antoine Brumel
477:
474:
423:Flemish School
409:, also called
401:
400:
398:
397:
390:
383:
375:
372:
371:
370:
369:
362:
355:
350:
349:
345:
344:
339:
334:
329:
322:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
307:
303:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
236:
235:
232:
231:
228:
227:
223:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
190:Franco-Flemish
187:
181:
180:
177:
176:
173:
172:
171:
170:
160:
155:
154:
148:
147:
141:
140:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
18:Franco-Flemish
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2656:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2585:Baroque music
2580:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2466:Andrea Antico
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:Musical forms
2343:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2258:Thomas Morley
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Luca Marenzio
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Thomas Tallis
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:John Taverner
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2020:Jacob Obrecht
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:Jacob Regnart
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1703:Jacob Obrecht
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1557:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1535:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1462:Saint Martial
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1452:Oeldorf Group
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1294:Ars subtilior
1291:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:American Five
1272:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:0-15-537720-5
1217:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:Revue du nord
1203:
1202:
1191:
1187:
1186:Stanley Sadie
1183:
1178:
1174:
1173:0-935016-81-3
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1126:0-88284-379-6
1123:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1100:0-385-72019-X
1097:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1066:9780697034007
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1049:9780816052660
1046:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1024:
1019:
1012:
1007:
1000:
999:Lundberg 2012
995:
988:
983:
976:
971:
964:
959:
952:
947:
940:
935:
928:
927:Broekema 1978
923:
916:
911:
907:
898:
895:
894:
890:
879:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
803:and Bonefont.
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
767:(1520–1560):
766:
762:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:(1480–1520):
719:
715:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
669:
668:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:
625:
616:
612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
537:Saint-Quentin
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:Low Countries
483:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
444:and from the
443:
439:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
396:
391:
389:
384:
382:
377:
376:
374:
373:
367:
366:
360:
359:
354:
353:
352:
351:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
327:
323:
321:
318:
317:
310:
309:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:Major figures
230:
229:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
182:
175:
174:
167:
163:
159:
158:
157:
156:
150:
149:
146:
143:
142:
138:
134:
133:
124:
121:
113:
110:February 2017
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2583:
2576:
2547:Architecture
2481:Jacob Bathen
2427:
2325:
2198:John Dowland
2068:William Byrd
1942:Leonel Power
1815:Jacobus Vaet
1574:
1519:Wandelweiser
1349:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1211:
1205:
1190:John Tyrrell
1181:
1164:
1147:
1138:
1117:
1108:
1091:
1074:
1057:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1018:
1006:
994:
982:
970:
958:
946:
934:
922:
910:
868:
854:
807:
764:
717:
674:
665:
653:
629:
622:
613:
593:Oltremontani
585:French court
545:Valenciennes
534:
479:
460:, primarily
458:sacred music
430:
427:Dutch School
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
404:
363:
356:
324:
189:
164: /
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2537:Renaissance
2532:Early music
2428:Netherlands
2408:Elizabethan
2263:Jacopo Peri
2233:Alonso Lobo
2193:John Cooper
2055:Late (1530)
2015:Jean Mouton
1927:Jean Japart
1917:Walter Frye
1698:Jean Mouton
1493: [
1435:Ny Enkelhed
1280:Ars antiqua
1011:Porter 1986
781:Manchicourt
777:Crecquillon
722:Jean Mouton
619:Development
498:Netherlands
482:Renaissance
438:vocal music
313:Major forms
2623:Categories
2562:Philosophy
2557:Literature
2525:Background
2391:Traditions
2367:Magnificat
2357:Intermedio
2301:Burgundian
1524:West Coast
1447:Notre Dame
1425:New Jewish
1420:New German
1415:Neapolitan
1400:Manchester
1315:Burgundian
1310:Boston Six
977:, 106–111.
953:, 253–254.
939:Chase 2003
915:Ammer 2004
903:References
435:polyphonic
300:Monteverdi
280:Palestrina
185:Burgundian
80:newspapers
2377:Offertory
2306:Colorists
2168:Mannerism
1486:Viennese
1330:Darmstadt
987:Karp 2007
836:de Macque
750:Richafort
730:de la Rue
711:Tinctoris
662:Dunstaple
605:Habsburgs
260:Tinctoris
162:Composers
2598:Category
2575: ←
2438:Portugal
2362:Madrigal
2336:Venetian
1482:Venetian
1442:New York
1405:Mannheim
1325:Colorist
1287:Ars nova
875:See also
867:, whose
861:Ockeghem
816:de Monte
797:Courtois
793:Willaert
785:Arcadelt
746:Pipelare
695:Agricola
679:Ockeghem
506:Flanders
450:printing
332:Madrigal
295:Victoria
250:Ockeghem
245:Binchois
210:Venetian
195:Colorist
152:Overview
137:a series
135:Part of
2588:→
2418:Germany
2398:British
1467:Les Six
1320:Cologne
1300:Bologna
1032:Sources
865:Josquin
828:Luython
824:Regnart
769:Gombert
754:Divitis
726:Obrecht
703:Faugues
691:Prioris
687:Compère
609:Germany
603:of the
573:Antwerp
565:Cambrai
561:Tournai
553:Bourges
518:Limburg
514:Hainaut
510:Brabant
494:Belgium
326:Chanson
275:Zarlino
265:Josquin
255:Busnois
94:scholar
2608:Portal
2433:Poland
2413:France
2403:Cyprus
2382:Pavane
2176:c.1600
1507:Second
1305:Boston
1218:
1171:
1154:
1124:
1098:
1081:
1064:
1047:
1013:, 190.
929:, 273.
857:motets
844:Rogier
812:Lassus
773:Phinot
738:Brumel
579:, and
577:Bruges
502:Artois
468:, and
466:motets
462:masses
442:France
320:Anthem
270:Tallis
240:Du Fay
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2552:Dance
2443:Spain
2423:Italy
2352:Carol
2331:Roman
1502:First
1497:]
1457:Roman
1001:, 59.
965:, 27.
941:, 13.
742:Févin
734:Isaac
707:Regis
699:Caron
597:Spain
589:Italy
581:Ghent
557:Liège
549:Douai
541:Arras
516:, or
470:hymns
429:, or
342:Motet
285:Lasso
205:Roman
101:JSTOR
87:books
2372:Mass
2170:and
1216:ISBN
1188:and
1169:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1122:ISBN
1096:ISBN
1079:ISBN
1062:ISBN
1045:ISBN
863:and
842:and
832:Wert
820:Vaet
806:The
789:Rore
763:The
716:The
709:and
683:Orto
673:The
644:and
628:The
569:Mons
337:Mass
290:Byrd
73:news
2542:Art
1137:".
56:by
2625::
1495:de
838:,
834:,
830:,
826:,
822:,
818:,
814:,
799:,
795:,
791:,
787:,
783:,
779:,
775:,
771:,
752:,
748:,
744:,
740:,
736:,
732:,
728:,
724:,
705:,
701:,
697:,
693:,
689:,
685:,
640:,
636:,
575:,
571:,
567:,
563:,
559:,
555:,
551:,
547:,
543:,
539:,
512:,
508:,
504:,
492:,
472:.
464:,
425:,
421:,
417:,
413:,
139:on
1854:e
1847:t
1840:v
1567:e
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1255:e
1248:t
1241:v
1228:.
1222:.
1208:.
1175:.
1158:.
1128:.
1102:.
1085:.
1068:.
1051:.
1025:.
989:.
917:.
760:.
713:.
394:e
387:t
380:v
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
