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The term "free nerve endings" dates back to the 1890s, originally characterized by the absence of other cellular structures at their terminals. Observations that led to this characterization were limited by the relatively low resolution of
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Rolf-Detlef Treede, Richard A.Meyer, Srinivasa N.Raja, James N.Campbell. Evidence for two different heat transduction mechanisms in nociceptive primary afferents innervating monkey skin. J Physiol 1995;483:747-758
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MacIver M, Tanelian D (1993). "Free nerve ending terminal morphology is fiber-type-specific for A delta and C fibers innervating rabbit corneal epithelium".
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Cleland C, Hayward L, Rymer W (1990). "Neural mechanisms underlying the clasp-knife reflex in the cat. II. Stretch-sensitive muscular-free nerve endings".
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allowed for higher resolution examination of free nerve endings, enabling the finding that they are most often bundles of axons surrounded by a
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rather than truly unenclosed. Such discoveries have led to the proposal of more accurate terminology such as "fine nerve endings" or "non-
303:"Thermal detection thresholds of Aδ- and C-fibre afferents activated by brief CO2 laser pulses applied onto the human hairy skin"
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362:"Chapter 17. Functional morphology of nociceptive and other fine sensory endings (free nerve endings) in different tissues"
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Free nerve endings are unencapsulated and have no complex sensory structures. They are the most common type of
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in this case means bringing information from the body's periphery toward the brain. They function as
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Free nerve endings can detect temperature, mechanical stimuli (touch, pressure, stretch) or danger (
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type II fibers are fast-adapting while A delta type I and C fibers are slowly adapting.
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Textbook in
Medical Physiology And Pathophysiology: Essentials and clinical problems.
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161:. FNEs infiltrate the middle layers of the dermis and surround hair follicles.
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Churyukanov M, Plaghki L, Legrain V, Mouraux A (2012).
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Free nerve endings have different rates of adaptation,
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500:from Dr. Daley of North Carolina Wesleyan College.
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137:to detect noxious stimuli that often result in
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368:, vol. 113, Elsevier, pp. 273–298,
153:ending, and are most frequently found in the
16:Type of nerve fiber carrying sensory signals
157:. They penetrate the dermis and end in the
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465:Copenhagen Medical Publishers. 1999 - 2000
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264:. Advances in non-optical imaging such as
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33:Illustration of free nerve endings
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86:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
225:. In other words, they express
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185:Different types of FNE can be
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374:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61094-8
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328:10.1371/journal.pone.0035817
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133:and are essentially used by
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251:end as free nerve endings.
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366:Progress in Brain Research
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219:cutaneous mechanoreceptors
55:terminatio neuralis libera
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483:10.1152/jn.1990.64.4.1319
434:Nociception: Transduction
419:10.1152/jn.1993.69.5.1779
360:Messlinger, Karl (1996),
276:afferent nerve endings."
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118:sending its signal to a
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114:, is an unspecialized,
191:intermediate adapting
714:Somatosensory system
498:Somatosensory System
116:afferent nerve fiber
665:Nuclear chain fiber
579:Merkel nerve ending
440:Hada R (1990). "".
319:2012PLoSO...735817C
266:electron microscopy
249:C (group IV) fibers
245:Aδ (A delta) fibers
239:Sensory fiber types
171:stimulus modalities
559:Lamellar corpuscle
181:Rate of adaptation
159:stratum granulosum
67:H3.11.06.0.00002
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670:Nuclear bag fiber
609:Free nerve ending
589:Bulbous corpuscle
569:Tactile corpuscle
535:Sensory receptors
383:978-0-444-82473-8
262:light microscopes
112:bare nerve ending
104:free nerve ending
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247:(group III) and
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477:(4): 1319–30.
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399:External links
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650:Golgi organ
624:Temperature
614:Nociceptors
274:corpuscular
233:Fiber types
223:nociceptors
211:nociception
175:fiber types
135:vertebrates
131:nociceptors
44:Identifiers
688:Hair cells
555:Vibration
389:2023-12-01
280:References
237:See also:
575:Pressure
145:Structure
128:cutaneous
708:Category
585:Stretch
347:22558230
307:PLOS ONE
205:Modality
124:Afferent
491:2258749
454:2135092
427:8509835
338:3338467
315:Bibcode
199:A delta
39:Details
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173:, and
681:Other
543:Touch
193:, or
165:Types
151:nerve
110:) or
90:[
79:84005
50:Latin
601:Pain
487:PMID
450:PMID
423:PMID
378:ISBN
343:PMID
221:and
155:skin
139:pain
479:doi
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370:doi
333:PMC
323:doi
108:FNE
74:FMA
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
