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709:. The Song dynasty got the least benefit from the peace, and secretly encouraged the Jurchens to attack Liao, but after the fall of the Khitans, the Jurchens turned on Song and took over its capital, forcing the Chinese to flee southward. The victories of General Kang thus marked the ending point of the chain of wars between countries and was the beginning of a triangle diplomacy (Goryeo, Liao, Song), setting the scene for the ascendance of the Jurchens.
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650:. General Kang returned to the capital and was welcomed as the military hero who saved the kingdom. After the war, in 1020, Kang retired from both the military and the government to rest, since he was too old, already having become a national hero. He was appointed as Supreme Chancellor in 1030, one year before his death. He died in 1031 on the 20th day of the 8th lunar month (9 September 1031). He was buried in modern-day
701:, which gave up the hope of taking over either Song or Goryeo. As a result, Goryeo broke off relationships with the Song dynasty, but continued commercial trading with the Chinese; Song continued to pay tribute to Liao, and Song would also pay tribute to Western Xia, which would pay tribute to the Khitans. The peace lasted for about a century. The
525:, and had been awarded for helping establish a new dynasty and unifying the Korean Peninsula. A legend tells that on the day he was born a meteor fell toward his house, and an advisor to the king visited to find that a baby had just been born there, whom he predicted would become great and be long remembered. Kang Kam-ch'an's birth site is called
532:
As a child, Kang was small for his age, but he showed signs of leadership and loyalty at an early age. At seven he began to learn
Confucian philosophy, military tactics and martial arts from his father. After his father's death in 964, he left his household and traveled around the country. In 983, he
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to escape from the palace, not to surrender to the invading Liao troops. The King followed Kang's advice, and managed to escape from the burning capital. A Korean insurgency began to harass Khitan forces, which finally compelled
Shengzong to withdraw his army. The Khitans gained no benefit from the
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had been so great, leaving Goryeo difficult to recover. However, Kang advised the king to declare war against the Liao, since the enemy contingent was much smaller than in previous invasions. He volunteered to be the acting deputy War minister for the duration of the war, at the age of seventy-one.
690:, which, like Kang's battles, overcame disadvantages and successfully defended the country. Of course, Kang is regarded as one of the greatest military commanders in Korean history, along with General Eulji and Admiral Yi, even though Kang was never trained as a soldier like Eulji or Yi.
643:, and continued to march south. Later, Xiao realized that the mission was impossible to accomplish, and decided to retreat. General Kang knew that the Khitan army would withdraw from the war, and awaited them at the fortress of Gwiju, where he encountered the retreating Khitans in 1019.
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of Liao led a massive invasion with a contingent of 400,000 soldiers, commanding the troops himself. Suffering heavy casualties in five major engagements, the
Khitans finally defeated the Goryeo army and executed their commander General Kang Cho.
639:, which was a significant victory of Goryeo by blocking the stream and destroying the dam when Khitans were crossing the water. However, General Xiao did not give up the hope of capturing the capital
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was sent to
General Xiao as Korean representative, and the successful truce negotiation led to the withdrawal of Khitan forces and establishment of friendly relationship between Liao and Goryeo.
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received the top score in the civil service examination, and qualified as a government official at age thirty-six. In 992, he joined the royal court as a deputy under the
Minister of Education.
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Discouraged and starving, the
Khitans were defeated by the Goryeo army. Only General Xiao and few remaining survivors managed to escape from the devastating defeat. This battle is known as the
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war; rather spending precious resources in vain and reducing the national treasury. Thus another bloody war between the two nations was foreshadowed, and tensions would further lead to the
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administration, led an expedition to Goryeo with a 100,000 man contingent. This time, many officials urged the king to commence peace negotiations, since the damage from the
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and forced its emperor to pay tribute to the Khitan. With Song defeated, the only threat remaining against the
Khitans was Goryeo. Also in 1009, General
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and began a military rule, and broke the peaceful relationship with the
Khitans. The Khitans saw this as their reason to attack Goryeo, and in 1010,
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868:[ Choi Soo-jong becomes Gang Gam-chan in 'Goryeo–Khitan War'...Return to KBS epic historical drama!] (in Korean). MT Star News.
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or to negotiate with them. Kang supported the use of negotiations, which was also supported by the king as the official decision.
501:(918–1392). Even though he was a career scholar and government official, he is best known for his military victories during the
697:, the peace among the three powerful East-Asian empires settled; Goryeo established a peaceful but tense relationship with the
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General Kang's overwhelming victories in the battles of Kwiju and
Heunghwajin are often compared with the victories of General
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to invade Goryeo. The opinions among the court officials were divided, either to fight against the
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Kang was born on 22 December 948 into a prominent aristocratic family in the hyeon of Geumju (now
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866:"[단독]최수종, '고려거란전쟁'서 강감찬 된다..KBS 대하사극 귀환!"
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505:. Kang came from the Geumju Kang clan.
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847:. Retrieved
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735:Lee Deok-hwa
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707:Jin dynasty
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678:or Admiral
527:Nakseongdae
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167:Native name
32:Korean name
914:948 births
908:Categories
849:5 November
837:"강감찬(姜邯贊)"
820:References
741:TV series
680:Yi Sun-sin
621:Xiao Baiya
553:Xiao Paiya
509:Early life
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764:See also
703:Jurchens
652:Cheongju
575:Kang Cho
372:Euncheon
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182:Geumju,
30:In this
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714:Anguksa
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557:Khitans
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