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Garden design can be roughly divided into two groups, formal and naturalistic gardens. The most important consideration in any garden design is how the garden will be used, followed closely by the desired stylistic genres, and the way the garden space will connect to the home or other structures in the surrounding areas. All of these considerations are subject to the budget limitations. Budget limitations can be addressed by a simpler garden style with fewer plants and less costly hard landscape materials, seeds rather than sod for lawns, and plants that grow quickly; alternatively, garden owners may choose to create their garden over time, area by area.
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548:(é
ćą čć). A large pool, big enough for several small boats, was constructed on the palace grounds, with inner linings of polished oval shaped stones from the seashore. The pool was then filled with wine. A small island was constructed in the middle of the pool, where trees were planted, which had skewers of roasted meat hanging from their branches. King Zhou and his friends and concubines drifted in their boats, drinking the wine with their hands and eating the roasted meat from the trees. Later Chinese philosophers and historians cited this garden as an example of decadence and bad taste.
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833:, from which the latter wrote: "All things, however beautiful they may be chosen, will be defective if they are not ordered and placed in proper symmetry." A good example of the French formal style are the Tuileries gardens in Paris which were originally designed during the reign of King Henry II in the mid-sixteenth century. The gardens were redesigned into the formal French style for the
935:, size, speed of growth, and combinations with other plants and landscape features. Most gardens consist of a mixture of natural and constructed elements, although even very 'natural' gardens are always an inherently artificial creation. Natural elements present in a garden principally comprise flora (such as trees and
884:, Caroline gardens began to shed some of the chaos of earlier designs, marking the beginning of a trends towards symmetrical unified designs that took the building architecture into account, and featuring an elevated terrace from which home and garden could be viewed. The only surviving Caroline garden is located at
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universities. Tudor
Gardens emphasized contrast rather than transitions, distinguished by color and illusion. They were not intended as a complement to home or architecture, but conceived as independent spaces, arranged to grow and display flowers and ornamental plants. Gardeners demonstrated their artistry in
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Garden needs of maintenance are also taken into consideration. Including the time or funds available for regular maintenance, (this can affect the choices of plants regarding speed of growth) spreading or self-seeding of the plants (annual or perennial), bloom-time, and many other characteristics.
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era, a few significant gardens were found in
Britain which were developed under the influence of the continent. Britain's homegrown domestic gardening traditions were mostly practical in purpose, rather than aesthetic, unlike the grand gardens found mostly on castle grounds, and less commonly in
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put a few carp into a pond, and rejoiced to see them morning and evening". The following year, "The
Emperor launched a double-hulled boat in the pond of Ijishi at Ihare, and went aboard with his imperial concubine, and they feasted sumptuously together". In 486, the chronicle recorded that "The
821:) namely, to "force nature" instead of leaving it undisturbed. Typical French formal gardens had "parterres, geometrical shapes and neatly clipped topiary", in contrast to the English style of garden in which "plants and shrubs seem to grow naturally without artifice." By the mid-17th century
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Garden design is the process of creating plans for the layout and planting of gardens and landscapes. Gardens may be designed by garden owners themselves, or by professionals. Professional garden designers tend to be trained in principles of design and horticulture, and have a knowledge and
720:
wrote in the early 17th century, "there is not a more laborious life then is that of a good Gard'ners; but a labour full of tranquility and satisfaction; Natural and
Instructive, and such as (if any) contributes to Piety and Contemplation." During the era of
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gardens are a type of garden described as being natural, informal, simple and unforced, seeking to merge with the natural world. They have a history that goes back more than two thousand years, but are little known in the west. The oldest records date to the
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following the
Italian rules of proportion. The carefully prepared harmony of Anet, with its parterres and surfaces of water integrated with sections of greenery, became one of the earliest and most influential examples of the classic French garden.
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is a small picture of a garden; it is enclosed in a square which can represent a wall, and has symbols which can represent the plan of a structure, a small square which can represent a pond, and a symbol for a plantation or a pomegranate tree.
431:(1600â1046 BC). These gardens were large enclosed parks where the kings and nobles hunted game, or where fruit and vegetables were grown. Early inscriptions from this period, carved on tortoise shells, have three Chinese characters for garden,
571:, was begun. It was located on the side of a mountain, and included a series of terraces connected by galleries, along with a lake where boats in the form of blue dragons navigated. From the highest terrace, a view extended as far as
1600:
Climate change will have many impacts on gardens; some studies suggest most of them will be negative. Gardens also contribute to climate change. Greenhouse gases can be produced by gardeners in many ways. The three main
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Elements of garden design include the layout of hard landscape, such as paths, rockeries, walls, water features, sitting areas and decking, as well as the plants themselves, with consideration for their
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instead of burning it, keeping soil and compost heaps aerated, avoiding peat, switching from power tools to hand tools or changing their garden design so that power tools are not needed, and using
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was not recognized as an art form in Europe until the mid 16th century when it entered the political discourse, as a symbol of the concept of the "ideal republic". Evoking utopian imagery of the
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text that offers details on garden design and a variety of other subjects. Both public parks and woodland gardens are described, with about 40 types of trees recommended for the park in the
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837:. The gardens were ordered into symmetrical lines: long rows of elm or chestnut trees, clipped hedgerows, along with parterres, "reflect the orderly triumph of man's will over nature."
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is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the cultivation, display, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The single feature identifying even the wildest
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or creeks. Some gardens are for ornamental purposes only, while others also produce food crops, sometimes in separate areas, or sometimes intermixed with the
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530:, which served as an observation platform in the center of a large square park. It was described in one of the early classics of Chinese literature, the
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by their smaller scale, more labor-intensive methods, and their purpose (enjoyment of a hobby or self-sustenance rather than producing for sale, as in a
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Gardeners may cause environmental damage by the way they garden, or they may enhance their local environment. Damage by gardeners can include direct
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gardens were always placed on level ground, and elevated areas reserved for terraces from which the intricacy of the gardens could be viewed.
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style country houses were built; while in
England Oliver Cromwell sought to destroy many Tudor, Jacobean and Caroline style gardens.
602:, a text from the sixteenth century, states that flower gardens or public parks should be located in the northern portion of a town.
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in simulated natural habitats, were formerly called zoological gardens. Western gardens are almost universally based on plants, with
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Bisgrove, R.; Hadley, P. (2002). Gardening in the global greenhouse: the impacts of climate change on gardens in the UK (Report).
1987:
869:. Sanded paths run between the hedgings of open knots whereas closed knots were filled with single colored flowers. The knot and
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716:, a time of abundance and plenty where humans didn't know hunger or the conflicts that arose from property disputes.
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Some gardeners manage their gardens without using any water from outside the garden. Examples in
Britain include
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combine plants of different heights, colors, textures, and fragrances to create interest and delight the senses.
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slug killer; the death of living beings outside the garden, such as local species extinction by indiscriminate
532:
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648:, the first chronicle of Japanese history, published in 720 CE. In spring 74 CE, the chronicle recorded: "The
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1958:"Etymology of words referring to enclosures, probably from a Sanskrit stem. In German, for example, Stutt
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period (57 BC â 668 AD) when architecture and palace gardens showed a development noted in the Korean
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refers to a small enclosed area of land, usually adjoining a building. This would be referred to as a
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1693:'s garden in Essex, Sticky Wicket garden in Dorset, and the Royal Horticultural Society's gardens at
919:, a more formal level of training that usually requires an advanced degree and often an occupational
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was influenced by the
English landscape garden and gained prominence in the late eighteenth century.
224:(meaning "garden", hence horticulture and orchard), are cognatesâall referring to an enclosed space.
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absorb rainfall falling onto nearby hard surfaces, rather than sending it into stormwater drains.
1641:. Gardeners produce methane by compacting the soil and making it anaerobic, and by allowing their
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Gardeners can help to prevent climate change in many ways, including the use of trees, shrubs,
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Following his campaign in Italy in 1495, where he saw the gardens and castles of Naples, King
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The Earth Knows My Name: Food, Culture, and
Sustainability in the Gardens of Ethnic Americans
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Naturalistic design of a
Chinese garden incorporated into the landscape, including a pavilion
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when plants are not actively growing so that the nitrogen in the fertiliser is converted by
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tending to engage in design at many scales and working on both public and private projects.
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gardens; the death of living beings in the garden itself, such as the killing not only of
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was idealized in literary "fantasies of liberating regression to garden and wilderness".
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to become compacted and anaerobic. Gardeners produce nitrous oxide by applying excess
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and birds), soil, water, air and light. Constructed elements include not only paths,
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1973:
1305:(monochromatic gardens or gardens designed with a visually appealing color scheme),
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of the Emperors and nobles. They were mentioned in several brief passages of the
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Rain Gardens: Managing Water Sustainably in the Garden and Designed Landscape
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and at Château Gaillard, another private rÊsidence in Amboise. His successor
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773:, which featured fountains, parterres, a forest of pine trees brought from
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The most common form today is a residential or public garden, but the term
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Mirrors of Infinity: The French Formal Garden and 17th-Century Metaphysics
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Mirrors of Infinity: The French Formal Garden and 17th-Century Metaphysics
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composes the place used for recreation and to study and protect the flora.
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813:) contrasted with the design principles of the English landscape garden (
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2018:
British English from A to Zed: A Definitive Guide to the Queen's English
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Example of a garden attached to a place of worship: the cloister of the
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experience of using plants. Some professional garden designers are also
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The earliest recorded Chinese gardens were created in the valley of the
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and other perennial plants in their gardens, turning garden waste into
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Science and the Garden: The scientific basis of horticultural practice
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Ingram, David S.; Vince-Prue, Daphne; Gregory, Peter J., eds. (2008).
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68:. The garden can incorporate both natural and artificial materials.
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1962:. The word is generic for compounds and walled cities, as in Stalin
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went into the garden and feasted at the edge of a winding stream".
589:
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first developed in the 18th century, may omit flowers altogether.
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Nalini Sadhale and YL Nene (2010), Bhudharakrida in Manasollasa,
1610:
1373:(garden featuring plants mentioned in the works of Shakespeare),
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1229:
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had ascended to prominence in the French gardening traditions of
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351:
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1889:"Creating relevant science through urban planning and gardening"
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3357:
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2159:
Singh, Ram Bachan (1976). "Cities and parks in ancient India".
1298:
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Jacobean gardens were described as "a delightful confusion" by
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Tong Jun, Records of Jiang Gardens, cited in Feng Chanoxiong,
861:, with complex arrangements most commonly included interwoven
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Planned space for displaying plants and other forms of nature
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became the character for all gardens. The old character for
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was a royal garden where birds and animals were kept, while
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1538:
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requirements, their season-to-season appearance, lifespan,
360:
313:
112:
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2285:
Locus Amoenus: Gardens and Horticulture in the Renaissance
2272:
Locus Amoenus: Gardens and Horticulture in the Renaissance
3302:
2016:
Schur, Norman; Ehrlich, Eugene; Ehrlich, Richard (1987).
544:, one of the most famous features of this garden was the
131:
2496:"Is this popular gardening material bad for the planet?"
2140:
1268:, market garden (small-scale production of cash crops),
793:, upon his return from Rome, created the gardens of the
526:(1075â1046 BC). It was composed of an earth terrace, or
498:
The deer are kneeling on the grass, feeding their fawns,
469:
A famous royal garden of the late Shang dynasty was the
2553:
1813:
Garden History: Philosophy and Design 2000 BC â 2000 AD
1541:, rock for rock gardens, and by the use of tapwater to
507:
The King makes his promenade to the Pond of the Spirit,
504:
The immaculate cranes have plumes of a brilliant white.
495:
The King makes his promenade in the Park of the Spirit,
71:
Gardens often have design features including statuary,
641:
1746:
List of horticulture and gardening books/publications
150:. Some traditional types of eastern gardens, such as
1712:
2597:
2519:
2015:
2052:, Editions de La Martiniere, Paris 2010, p. 10â11.
781:had two gardens in the new style, one created for
2523:Wildlife on Farms: How to Conserve Native Animals
2475:
2434:Experiencing the Garden in the Eighteenth Century
2394:Landscape and Garden Design: Lessons from History
2129:
2127:
1313:(secluded garden that has a "room-like" effect),
777:, and the first artificial grotto in France. The
379:Flowers to cut and bring inside for indoor beauty
3785:
636:The earliest recorded Japanese gardens were the
567:. In 505 BC, an even more elaborate garden, the
559:, with lavishly decorated palaces, was built by
111:. Food-producing gardens are distinguished from
1617:. Gardeners produce carbon dioxide directly by
1537:and damage to provide garden materials such as
1325:(formal garden that is within a square frame),
2707:
2578:
2124:
1533:when houses and gardens are created; indirect
757:, who had also travelled to Italy and had met
196:, of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German
2693:
2520:Lindenmayer, David; Claridge, Andrew (2003).
2461:. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 15.
2351:. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 15.
3569:List of organic gardening and farming topics
2647:
2598:Dunnett and Clayden, Nigel and Andy (2007).
2146:
1272:(food grown to supplement wartime rations),
1154:, feature many heirloom varieties of plants.
2202:Korea: An Introduction - Google Book Search
1329:(garden with a statue of the virgin Mary),
130:has traditionally been a more general one.
2700:
2686:
2654:(in Sanskrit). Oriental Institute, Baroda.
1848:
761:, created an Italian garden nearby at the
1842:
967:), but also living constructions such as
2651:Manasollasa of King Somesvara (Volume 3)
2387:
2385:
2383:
2106:Jardins de Chine, ou la quete du paradis
2093:Jardins de Chine, ou la quete du paradis
2080:Jardins de Chine, ou la quete du paradis
2076:Jardins de Chine, ou la quĂŞte du paradis
2050:Jardins de Chine, ou la quete du paradis
1736:Outline of organic gardening and farming
865:, and less commonly fragrant herbs like
692:
609:
408:
246:
164:is a related professional activity with
36:
2419:Napoleon: A Life in Gardens and Shadows
2374:Napoleon: A Life in Gardens and Shadows
2325:
2296:Wenzler, Architecture du jardin, pg. 12
1893:Journal of Research in Science Teaching
1794:
1597:plants instead of nitrogen fertiliser.
1514:
951:systems, lights and buildings (such as
510:The water is full of fish, who wriggle.
501:The deer are beautiful and resplendent.
212:for more complete etymology. The words
146:, often signifying a shortened form of
14:
3786:
2633:(2nd ed.). Outskirts Press, Inc.
2431:
2256:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1809:
382:Fresh herbs and vegetables for cooking
2681:
2456:
2416:
2391:
2380:
2371:
2346:
2198:
2158:
1927:"Etymology of the modern word gardin"
1886:
371:Escaping oppressive sunlight and heat
291:, functional, and recreational uses:
3754:
2626:
2481:
2091:Tan, p. 10. See also Che Bing Chiu,
1972:. Yourdictionary.com. Archived from
1899:(8). Wiley Online Library: 860â877.
1284:(reabsorption of rain run-off), and
880:in 1624. Under the influence of the
697:Reconstruction of the garden at the
451:was a garden for plants. During the
3766:
2493:
1970:. Gird and girdle are also related"
1830:from the original on 28 August 2022
1689:on the Isle of Wight, and parts of
1341:(using plants native to the area),
725:, the agrarian collectivism of the
24:
1776:from the original on 27 March 2022
1629:, by using power tools which burn
1248:(precursor to botanical gardens),
204:, an enclosure or compound, as in
25:
3810:
2659:
1966:, and the Russian word for city,
1580:
1553:but also their predators such as
1288:(testing and evaluating plants).
847:
522:, built by the last Shang ruler,
3765:
3753:
3742:
3741:
3729:
2665:
1810:Turner, Tom (1 September 2005).
1715:
1633:or use electricity generated by
1159:
1139:
1123:
1099:
1084:
1065:
1045:
1029:
1010:
991:
789:in 1560. In 1536, the architect
485:. The park was described in the
334:Placing down different types of
2591:
2513:
2487:
2450:
2425:
2410:
2365:
2340:
2312:
2299:
2290:
2277:
2264:
2225:
2192:
2179:
2152:
2137:, Vol. 14, No. 4, pages 319â335
2111:
2098:
2085:
2068:
2063:The Classical Gardens of Suzhou
2055:
2046:The Classical Gardens of Suzhou
2038:
1939:from the original on 2010-02-21
1869:from the original on 2022-08-28
1531:destruction of natural habitats
1280:(growing plants without soil),
514:Another early royal garden was
142:, which etymologically implies
2620:
2602:. Portland, OR: Timber Press.
2009:
1980:
1950:
1919:
1880:
1803:
1788:
1758:
1741:List of professional gardeners
741:brought Italian craftsmen and
533:Records of the Grand Historian
343:Children playing in the garden
13:
1:
2199:Hoare, James (January 1988).
1849:Klindienst, Patricia (2006).
1751:
1656:
1625:, by burning garden waste on
1264:(to sustain local wildlife),
682:History of the Three Kingdoms
555:(722â481 BC), in 535 BC, the
340:Family dinners on the terrace
2205:. Kegan Paul International.
253:Botanical Garden of Curitiba
184:: it is from Middle English
171:
7:
3600:Index of pesticide articles
2630:Planting design illustrated
1731:Index of gardening articles
1708:
1294:Specific style or aesthetic
769:created new gardens at the
642:
323:Reflection on the changing
10:
3815:
2744:Climate-friendly gardening
2078:, cited in Che Bing Chiu,
2048:, preface, and Bing Chiu,
1855:. Beacon Press. p. .
1666:
1660:
1518:
1193:
1177:, Japan â an example of a
1078:Victoria, British Columbia
907:
785:in 1551, and a second for
765:. Beginning in 1528, King
664:
629:
481:west of his capital city,
416:
392:
388:
356:Maintaining the flowerbeds
176:The etymology of the word
29:
3723:
3645:
3620:Plant disease forecasting
3582:
3574:Vegan organic agriculture
3549:
3424:Genetically modified tree
3311:
2854:
2719:
2648:Shrigondekar, GK (1961).
2396:. Whittle. pp. 1â3.
1213:Specific plant or purpose
903:
732:
688:
546:Wine Pool and Meat Forest
475:Lingtai, Lingzhao Lingyou
156:English landscape gardens
1353:, philosophical garden,
1189:
771:Château de Fontainebleau
660:
605:
578:
553:Spring and Autumn period
404:
295:Cooperation with nature
210:Grad (Slavic settlement)
2432:Calder, Martin (2006).
1816:. Routledge. p. .
1795:Anguelovski, Isabelle.
1577:produced by gardening.
1525:Sustainable landscaping
1130:Garden with fountains,
947:, decking, sculptures,
842:French landscape garden
399:
376:Growing useful produce
242:
43:Brooklyn Botanic Garden
32:Garden (disambiguation)
3559:Biodynamic agriculture
3496:Postharvest physiology
3444:Landscape architecture
3141:Indonesian home garden
2421:. Vintage. p. 29.
2392:Hayes, Gordon (2013).
2376:. Vintage. p. 15.
1687:Ventnor Botanic Garden
1152:Williamsburg, Virginia
818:
810:
747:Pacello da Mercogliano
706:
627:
471:Terrace, Pond and Park
414:
310:Observation of nature
284:
251:Partial view from the
162:Landscape architecture
87:, dry creek beds, and
53:
2806:Historic conservation
2558:. Oxford: Blackwell.
2526:. Csiro. p. 25.
2457:Weiss, Allan (1995).
2347:Weiss, Allan (1995).
1988:"Oxford Dictionaries"
1661:Further information:
1521:Sustainable gardening
1148:Colonial Williamsburg
1092:Gardens of Versailles
1072:The Sunken Garden of
811:jardin à la française
779:Château de Chenonceau
696:
613:
588:is a twelfth century
412:
304:Garden-based learning
250:
227:The term "garden" in
40:
3736:Gardening portal
3635:Aquamog weed remover
3610:List of insecticides
2674:at Wikimedia Commons
2417:Scurr, Ruth (2022).
2372:Scurr, Ruth (2022).
2320:Histoire des Jardins
2307:Histoire des jardins
1887:Fusco, Dana (2001).
1770:Cambridge Dictionary
1669:Irrigation sprinkler
1621:soil and destroying
1515:Environmental impact
1499:raised bed gardening
1196:List of garden types
917:landscape architects
803:French formal garden
787:Catherine de' Medici
540:). According to the
395:History of gardening
188:, from Anglo-French
166:landscape architects
30:For other uses, see
2627:Chen, Gang (2010).
2500:The Washington Post
2436:. Lang. p. 9.
2283:Samson, Alexander.
2270:Samson, Alexander.
1992:Oxford Dictionaries
1905:2001JRScT..38..860F
1772:(Online ed.).
1647:nitrogen fertiliser
1591:soil organic matter
1587:ground cover plants
1535:habitat destruction
1339:natural landscaping
1201:
1112:Umaid Bhawan Palace
882:Italian Renaissance
819:jardin Ă l'anglaise
791:Philibert de l'Orme
699:House of the Vettii
557:Terrace of Shanghua
3605:List of fungicides
3370:Companion planting
2337:, Ăd. Hazan, p. 17
2187:Le Jardin Japonais
2135:Asian Agri-History
1653:to nitrous oxide.
1447:residential garden
1443:square foot garden
1383:therapeutic garden
1371:Shakespeare garden
1200:
939:), fauna (such as
835:Sun King Louis XIV
707:
628:
626:, started in 1339.
575:, the Great Lake.
415:
287:A garden can have
285:
54:
3781:
3780:
3653:Community orchard
3479:drought tolerance
2670:Media related to
2640:978-1-4327-4197-6
2609:978-0-88192-826-6
2565:978-1-4051-6063-6
2494:Higgins, Adrian.
2331:Bernard Jeannel,
2305:Philippe Prevot,
2147:Shrigondekar 1961
1862:978-0-8070-8562-2
1823:978-1-134-37082-5
1797:"Urban gardening"
1512:
1511:
1278:hydroponic garden
1250:pollinator garden
1207:Types of gardens
1054:Abbey of Monreale
1018:Parc de Bagatelle
783:Diane de Poitiers
759:Leonardo da Vinci
751:Château d'Amboise
488:Classic of Poetry
359:Pottering in the
299:Plant cultivation
109:ornamental plants
99:(with or without
41:A section of the
16:(Redirected from
3806:
3769:
3768:
3757:
3756:
3745:
3744:
3734:
3733:
3710:Plant collecting
3646:Related articles
3583:Plant protection
2764:French intensive
2702:
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2255:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2235:. Archived from
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2196:
2190:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2167:(253): 372â376.
2156:
2150:
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2138:
2131:
2122:
2119:Jardins de Chine
2115:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2089:
2083:
2072:
2066:
2059:
2053:
2044:Feng Chaoxiong,
2042:
2036:
2035:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1994:. Archived from
1984:
1978:
1977:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1913:10.1002/tea.1036
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1792:
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1785:
1783:
1781:
1762:
1725:
1723:Gardening portal
1720:
1719:
1603:greenhouse gases
1575:greenhouse gases
1567:plant collectors
1495:sculpture garden
1491:container garden
1439:community garden
1274:butterfly garden
1266:botanical garden
1202:
1199:
1175:Osaka prefecture
1169:Honbo Garden in
1163:
1143:
1127:
1103:
1088:
1074:Butchart Gardens
1069:
1049:
1033:
1014:
995:
763:Château de Blois
743:garden designers
647:
638:pleasure gardens
365:Basking in warm
237:American English
148:botanical garden
134:, which display
21:
3814:
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3809:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3728:
3719:
3715:Turf management
3700:Lists of plants
3695:List of gardens
3641:
3578:
3545:
3307:
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2850:
2715:
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2662:
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2623:
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2233:"Archived copy"
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2157:
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2145:
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2132:
2125:
2117:Che Bing Chiu,
2116:
2112:
2104:Che Bing Chiu,
2103:
2099:
2090:
2086:
2074:Translation in
2073:
2069:
2060:
2056:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2024:. p. 146.
2014:
2010:
2001:
1999:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1940:
1932:Merriam Webster
1925:
1924:
1920:
1885:
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1764:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1721:
1714:
1711:
1683:
1673:drip irrigation
1665:
1659:
1637:, and by using
1619:overcultivating
1595:nitrogen-fixing
1583:
1527:
1519:Main articles:
1517:
1407:woodland garden
1387:tropical garden
1355:pleasure garden
1343:paradise garden
1331:monastic garden
1262:wildlife garden
1198:
1192:
1187:
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886:Bolsover Castle
850:
831:Jacques Boyceau
735:
691:
669:
663:
634:
632:Japanese garden
608:
581:
569:Terrace of Gusu
473:of the Spirit (
421:
407:
402:
397:
391:
257:Southern Brazil
245:
229:British English
174:
35:
28:
23:
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3697:
3692:
3690:Garden tourism
3687:
3682:
3680:Groundskeeping
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3508:
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3488:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3469:free-flowering
3466:
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3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
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3333:
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3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
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3275:
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3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
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3225:
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3215:
3210:
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3200:
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3185:
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3175:
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3165:
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3163:
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3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
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3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
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3078:
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3068:
3063:
3058:
3057:
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3011:
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3009:
3004:
2999:
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2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2786:Groundskeeping
2783:
2782:
2781:
2779:computer-aided
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2661:
2660:External links
2658:
2657:
2656:
2645:
2639:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2590:
2571:
2564:
2546:
2532:
2512:
2486:
2474:
2467:
2449:
2442:
2424:
2409:
2403:978-1849950824
2402:
2379:
2364:
2357:
2339:
2324:
2311:
2298:
2289:
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2263:
2224:
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2151:
2139:
2123:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2067:
2054:
2037:
2030:
2008:
1979:
1976:on 2010-02-13.
1949:
1918:
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1658:
1655:
1607:carbon dioxide
1582:
1581:Climate change
1579:
1571:climate change
1516:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1487:hanging garden
1468:
1462:
1461:
1455:kitchen garden
1427:cottage garden
1416:
1410:
1409:
1375:Spanish garden
1367:sensory garden
1351:Persian garden
1296:
1290:
1289:
1270:victory garden
1215:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1194:Main article:
1191:
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1036:Garden of the
1035:
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1016:
1009:
1007:
997:
990:
987:
986:
985:
908:Main article:
905:
902:
849:
848:United Kingdom
846:
823:axial symmetry
795:Château d'Anet
734:
731:
714:Garden of Eden
690:
687:
677:Three Kingdoms
665:Main article:
662:
659:
630:Main article:
607:
604:
580:
577:
512:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
455:(221â206 BC),
419:Chinese garden
417:Main article:
406:
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393:Main article:
390:
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121:Flower gardens
89:water features
45:that has pink
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3685:Garden centre
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3529:reforestation
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3439:Intercropping
3437:
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3408:
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3348:Arboriculture
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2941:Garden square
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2774:Garden design
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336:garden gnomes
333:
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117:market garden
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3326:Permaculture
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2237:the original
2227:
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2201:
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1851:
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1812:
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1778:. Retrieved
1769:
1760:
1703:Rain gardens
1684:
1635:fossil fuels
1599:
1584:
1528:
1465:
1459:shade garden
1413:
1359:Roman garden
1319:Greek garden
1307:Dutch garden
1303:color garden
1293:
1286:trial garden
1258:water garden
1212:
1132:Villa d'Este
981:
933:growth habit
925:
913:
878:Henry Wotton
875:
859:knot gardens
854:Grand Manner
851:
839:
827:Andre Mollet
800:
739:Charles VIII
736:
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670:
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565:Zhou dynasty
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470:
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425:Yellow River
422:
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286:
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220:, and Latin
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175:
160:
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139:
136:wild animals
127:
125:
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52:cherry trees
47:
3772:WikiProject
3541:Monoculture
3536:Viticulture
3514:agriculture
3474:propagation
3414:HĂźgelkultur
3336:sustainable
3321:Agriculture
3263:Therapeutic
3243:Shakespeare
3054:Renaissance
2846:Xeriscaping
2841:Sustainable
2836:Square foot
2826:Proplifting
2791:Garden tool
2759:Foodscaping
2621:Works cited
1695:Harlow Carr
1691:Beth Chatto
1663:Rain garden
1631:fossil fuel
1623:soil carbon
1563:metaldehyde
1503:rock garden
1451:roof garden
1419:Back garden
1391:xeriscaping
1327:Mary garden
1323:knot garden
1311:Garden room
1282:rain garden
1254:rose garden
1238:moss garden
1167:ShitennĹ-ji
1146:Gardens at
1108:back garden
1022:rose garden
969:flower beds
896:, many new
852:Before the
718:John Evelyn
644:Nihon Shoki
616:moss garden
599:Shilparatna
585:Manasollasa
551:During the
477:) built by
453:Qin dynasty
331:Relaxation
277:greenhouses
152:Zen gardens
62:wild garden
3788:Categories
3434:Indigenous
3331:stock-free
3303:Zoological
3183:Pollinator
3076:Greenhouse
3019:Sharawadgi
3007:Vietnamese
2968:East Asian
2876:Australian
2831:Raised bed
2796:Green wall
2243:2011-05-18
2218:2009-01-12
2185:Nitschke,
2002:2007-05-24
1943:2009-10-14
1873:2021-12-08
1834:8 December
1752:References
1667:See also:
1657:Irrigation
1573:caused by
1507:cold frame
1483:green wall
1479:greenhouse
1435:front yard
1395:zen garden
1379:tea garden
1347:Pekarangan
1222:bog garden
1179:Zen garden
941:arthropods
894:Charles II
890:Derbyshire
863:box hedges
745:, such as
727:feudal age
723:Enclosures
622:temple in
594:Vana-krida
491:this way:
273:sculptures
180:refers to
105:waterfalls
85:stumperies
3799:Landscape
3705:Perennial
3668:Floristry
3615:Pesticide
3595:Herbicide
3590:Fungicide
3484:hardiness
3248:Shrubbery
3228:Sculpture
3049:landscape
2978:Cantonese
2953:Container
2948:Community
2916:Byzantine
2911:Butterfly
2901:Botanical
2801:Guerrilla
2749:Community
2739:Butterfly
2734:Arboretum
2729:Allotment
2721:Gardening
2713:gardening
2585:127801132
2539:29 August
2505:29 August
2482:Chen 2010
2309:, pg. 107
2287:, 2012 :8
2274:, 2012 :6
1780:21 August
1699:Hyde Hall
1681:hand pump
1677:greywater
1555:hedgehogs
1475:terrarium
1414:Placement
1038:Taj Mahal
767:Francis I
710:Gardening
596:chapter.
561:King Jing
524:King Zhou
518:, or the
320:-watching
289:aesthetic
269:fountains
261:parterres
206:Stuttgart
182:enclosure
178:gardening
172:Etymology
144:enclosure
93:fountains
81:trellises
3748:Category
3658:Features
3564:Grafting
3524:forestry
3506:Tropical
3491:Pomology
3464:cuttings
3459:breeding
3293:Wildlife
3273:Tropical
3223:Scottish
3173:Pleasure
3161:Paradise
3156:Charbagh
3126:Monastic
3121:Medieval
3031:Floating
2985:Japanese
2936:Communal
2926:Colonial
2891:Biblical
2856:Types of
2821:Parterre
2334:Le NĂ´tre
2318:Prevot,
2252:cite web
2189:, p. 30.
2173:43618748
2161:Ekistics
2108:, p. 11.
2095:, p. 11.
2082:, p. 11.
2022:Skyhorse
1937:Archived
1867:Archived
1828:Archived
1774:Archived
1766:"Garden"
1709:See also
1627:bonfires
1543:irrigate
1466:Material
1399:Chinampa
1094:(France)
1024:in Paris
1001:Garden,
961:pergolas
949:drainage
871:parterre
867:rosemary
775:Provence
755:Henry II
620:SaihĹ-ji
590:Sanskrit
573:Lake Tai
367:sunshine
348:relaxing
91:such as
77:pergolas
50:'Kanzan'
3794:Gardens
3760:Commons
3673:Ikebana
3625:Pruning
3551:Organic
3501:Roguing
3387:Cutting
3278:Victory
3253:Spanish
3233:Sensory
3178:Prairie
3146:Persian
3136:Orchard
3101:Kitchen
3096:Keyhole
3091:Italian
3086:Islamic
3081:Hanging
3040:French
3026:Fernery
3014:English
2973:Chinese
2958:Cottage
2886:Baroque
2858:gardens
2811:History
2121:, p. 12
1901:Bibcode
1611:methane
1242:orchard
1230:fernery
1134:, Italy
1118:, India
1116:Jodhpur
1110:of the
1060:, Italy
1040:, India
1003:Isfahan
965:follies
957:gazebos
921:license
898:Baroque
703:Pompeii
618:at the
563:of the
389:History
352:hammock
325:seasons
265:flowers
73:follies
66:control
18:Gardens
3510:Urban
3407:Taiwan
3402:Canada
3365:Botany
3358:Saikei
3353:Bonsai
3298:Winter
3283:Walled
3218:School
3213:Sacred
3168:Physic
3131:Mughal
3111:Market
3066:German
3044:formal
3036:Flower
3002:Korean
2921:Cactus
2906:Bottle
2866:Alpine
2816:Native
2769:Garden
2754:Forest
2672:Garden
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1005:, Iran
945:patios
904:Design
815:French
807:French
733:France
689:Europe
672:Korean
516:Shaqui
318:insect
316:- and
281:tracks
222:hortus
208:. See
194:jardin
190:gardin
186:gardin
140:garden
128:garden
58:garden
48:Prunus
3454:Plant
3392:Flora
3341:urban
3288:Water
3268:Trial
3238:Shade
3198:Roman
3071:Greek
3061:Front
2963:Dutch
2931:Color
2581:S2CID
2322:, 114
2169:JSTOR
1968:gorod
1547:slugs
1190:Types
1171:Osaka
977:lawns
973:ponds
953:sheds
937:weeds
661:Korea
624:Kyoto
606:Japan
579:India
542:Shiji
538:Shiji
405:China
350:in a
218:court
113:farms
97:ponds
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3203:Roof
3193:Rock
3188:Rain
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3116:Mary
3106:Knot
2990:Roji
2881:Back
2711:and
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2604:ISBN
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2463:ISBN
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2258:link
2207:ISBN
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1964:grad
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