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without physical isolation, but facilities for social interaction with persons other than intimate friends are more scarce with respect to population growth. ...new sites should be offered in a vast and varied park system to accommodate experimentation and innovation in both design and program." (Master Plan, 1971) Because of the Gas Plant structures and the attractive setting, GWP complements the rich heritage of
Seattle's Post-Victorian parks and offers expanded programs in ways that the latter cannot. Throughout every year hundreds of thousands of people use GWP. They gather to celebrate Independence Day and watch fireworks. Concerts, kite-flying, jogging, public meetings, and the open space and views of the park itself are attractions that keep GWP in constant use.
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358:, who won the American Society of Landscape Architects Presidents Award of Design Excellence for the project. The plant's conversion into a park was completed by Daviscourt Construction Company of Seattle. It was originally named Myrtle Edwards Park, after the city councilwoman who had spearheaded the drive to acquire the site, who died in a car crash in 1969. In 1972, the Edwards family requested that her name be removed from that of the park because the design called for the retention of the plant. In 1976, Elliott Bay Park (just north of Seattle's
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model, and referenced in educational textbooks and scholarly works. Since opening, GWP has won numerous awards for design excellence, vision, and innovation. The jury for the
President's Award of Excellence stated: "A remarkably original and attractive example of how to reclaim a seemingly hopeless and obsolete industrial installation. Instead of being destroyed or disguised, it has been transformed into a lighthearted environment ... A project of historical significance for the community. A symbol of American technology preserved."
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1400 such plants in the U.S. Though obsolete, these towers, machines, and buildings are a monument to humanity's inventiveness and offer a visual statement of pioneering technology. As UW Professor of
Anthropology Kenneth Read expressed it, "History sits on this little wasteland, not only the parochial history of a given city, but also a fragment of the chronicle of world and culture. It is certainly as valuable a document as anything preserved in the Museum of History and Industry." (Read 1969, pp. 43–45)
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754:"historic, esthetic and utilitarian value". (Master Plan, April 1971) After an intense public appeal to convince the public of the value of the plant, RHA's 1971 master plan for an industrial preservation park was unanimously approved by the Park Board. The proposal centered on recycling the buildings, production structures, machinery, and even the grounds themselves. Through bio-phyto-remediation techniques, the soil and water would be "cleaned and greened". Through preservation and
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1054:. Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, the Gas Company was a significant participant in and contributor to the growth of Seattle and adjoining communities. Although its primary product was city gas for energy, the plant also manufactured other basic products necessary for urban growth: tar for roofing; lampblack for pigment in tires and ink; charcoal briquets for odor-free and efficient home heating; sulfur for insecticides,
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that rests on a concrete pedestal and stands 48 ft (15 m) tall (11.5 feet diameter). The output from the two primary scrubbers goes into the single secondary scrubber of welded steel construction (12 feet diameter, 68 ft tall). Farthest from the generators are two small tanks (about 20 ft tall) that were the original secondary scrubbers. All piping that connects these towers is of
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670:. A pair of oil-to-gas generators was built in 1937 and the old coal-gas facilities were disassembled. In 1946–47, two more oil gas generator pairs were constructed to keep up with demand for gas. Since by-products from gas manufacturing had strong markets of their own, new equipment was installed at the same time to produce "Gasco charcoal briquets",
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seven areas: Earth Mound, North Lawn, Towers, Prow, Picnic Lawn and
Shelter, Play Barn, and South Lawn. The Earth Mound, Prow, and Lawns are open areas intended for passive and active recreation and offer magnificent views. The Towers, Play Barn, and Picnic Shelter are adapted from the original manufacturing structures.
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park represents a complete reversal from a period when industrial monuments were regarded, even by preservationists, as ugly intrusions on the landscape, to a time when such structures as the gas works are recognized for their potential ability to enhance the urban experience." (NY Times, 8/30/75) The possibility for
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arsenic, carbazole, dibenzofuran and nickel. A successful decontamination may allow users official access to the waters of Lake Union from the park. The cleanup project is estimated to cost $ 73 million and would be funded by the city government with some costs reimbursed from the
Department of Ecology.
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Concrete train trestles now form a part of the GWP entrance. They were part of the original 1906 gas plant and ran along the north side of the office and laboratories building. Nothing remains of this building, but the trestles show where the train tracks ended and coal was delivered. Coal cars would
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The park site consists of 20.5 acres (83,000 m) of land projecting 400 feet (120 m) into Lake Union with 1,900 feet (580 m) of shoreline. The site is bordered by North
Northlake Way at the north and abuts Lake Union on the east and south. The Wallingford neighborhood sits to the north.
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that "Seattle is about to have one of the nation's most advanced pieces of urban landscape design. The complex array of towers, tanks and pipes of the gas works forms a powerful industrial still life ... serving both as a visual focus for the park and as a monument to the city's industrial past. The
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B): Towers 3 and 4 were built in 1947, towers 5 and 6 (northernmost), in 1947. They have the same brick inner shell and welded-steel outer shell construction as Towers 1 and 2, but are smaller. All four towers have an outer diameter of 22 feet (6.7 m) and are 50 feet (15 m) tall. The brick
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The park is entered through a landscaped parking area or through the Burke-Gilman Trail, a bike and walking path that connects Puget Sound to Lake
Washington. Dividing the parking area from the park is a grassy berm and rows of trees demarcating the old railroad right of way. The park is composed of
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that transformed the face of the world. GWP is the sole survivor of gas works from that era in the United States, preserved as a public park. It is the only site that could be documented with most of the generating equipment intact. During its production era, this gasification plant was only one of
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The buildings date back to the original coal-gas facility (ca 1910) and were constructed of wood. The pump house (also known as the exhauster house) is about 7,340 sq ft (682 m) and the boiler house is about 5,720 sq ft (531 m). The wood frames of both buildings remain
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Between the generators and the play barn stand the oil absorber (80 feet) and cooler (40 feet). The cooling towers lowered the temperature of the light oil-gas mixture from the scrubbers, then the oils were separated from the gas in the oil absorber tower. The light oils were the secondary products
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produced a civic master plan for
Seattle's Municipal Plans Commission in which he promoted the idea of Lake Union as an industrial area: "The fact that (Lake Union) is located in the very heart of the city indicates that if properly developed it will become a most important factor in the commercial
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sawmill at the south end of Lake Union, brick manufacturing, ship building, a tannery, and iron works. Canals with small locks were cut in 1885 from Lake
Washington to Lake Union, and from Lake Union to Salmon Bay. These were suitable for transporting logs, but not for shipping. The arrival of the
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The boiler house, now the picnic shelter, originally housed two boilers. One provided steam for the gasification process; the other provided steam for the steam engines that powered the pump house compressors. The tubes from one boiler remain in place at the eastern end of the building and are an
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Wash boxes and scrubbers associated with generators 3-6 were also built in 1946–47. The small tanks (10 feet diameter, 11 ft tall, each mounted on three supporting legs) next to the generators are wash boxes, one per generator. For each pair of wash boxes there is one primary scrubber
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In addition to its early history, the impact of Gas Works Park on land reclamation and industrial preservation attitudes and techniques extends beyond
Seattle. GWP has gained national and international standing as a prototype for industrial site conversions. It is studied, cited as an exemplary
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Primary manufacturing and support facilities consisted of storage tanks, boiler house, pump and compressors house, offices, and laboratories. Onsite support included electrical, carpentry, machine, blacksmith, and welding shops. Additional facilities included a stable, first aid stations, and a
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Gas Works Park incorporates numerous pieces of the old plant. Some stand as ruins, while others have been reconditioned, painted, and incorporated into a children's "play barn" structure, constructed in part from what was the plant's exhauster-compressor building. A web site affiliated with the
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GWP was designed to be an urban, intensively used pleasure ground utilizing unique structures. "The traditional escape from the city into the sylvan settings of remote areas has changed for many people into a seeking of a more active encounter. Introspection and retreat are easily accomplished
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The Washington State Department of Ecology announced plans in 2022 to begin the final efforts in soil and shoreline remediation, comprising an estimated area of 50.0-acre (20.2 ha) surrounding the park. The cleanup is scheduled to begin in 2027 and will help to remove such contaminants as
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The Lake Station gas manufacturing plant on Lake Union was the largest private utility then existing in Seattle. It operated as "Seattle Lighting Company" until 1930, when the name was changed to "Seattle Gas Company". Its primary product was illuminating gas (so-called because it was used for
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and master plan for a new park at the gas plant site. RHA opened an on-site office to research and analyze the plant site. Richard Haag realized that the site contained the last gas works and a unique opportunity for preservation. Haag recommended preservation of portions of the plant for its
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in 1903 recommended that "...the point of land between the northeast and northwest arms of Lake Union and the railroad should be secured as a local park, because of its advantages for commanding views over the lake and for boating, and for a playground." (Olmsted Brothers 1903, p. 47)
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The pump house is now the play barn. Most of the pumps, compressors, and piping are still in place. The 3,000 hp (2,200 kW) compressor's 10 short tons (9.1 t) flywheel ran continuously to keep the plant operating 24 hours a day. In this building air was compressed for the
713:. The plant served approximately 43,198 customers in 1940, decreasing to 36,200 in 1954. The company averaged about 130 employees, with four crews of 23 men per shift, rotating 24 hours a day on a 7-day run. Production of city gas ended in 1956 when Seattle converted to natural gas.
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Although not all of the structures were saved, the character defining and prominent group of towers remains. The reuse of the pump house and boiler house has maintained building structure and much of the machinery. The site retains its original boundaries and lake frontage.
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During this period, there was a considerable public discussion about whether the site should be developed or made into a park. Park advocates led by Myrtle Edwards prevailed. In 1970, Richard Haag Associates (RHA) were retained by the Seattle Park Board to perform a
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There are two groups: 1) six synthetic natural gas generator towers with their attendant processing towers, and 2) oil absorber and oil cooler (between the play barn and the generators). The generators operated in pairs and were built at different times.
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The park contains several lawn areas. Soil has been bioremediated with 18" of sewage sludge and sawdust. This process has decontaminated the soil and allowed for the growth of field grass which makes possible constant, hard use with low maintenance.
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Immediately adjacent to the park are remnants of the industrial development of the area. The industrial dominance is rapidly being replaced by retail development. North of North 40th Street the area is predominantly a residential neighborhood.
1097:"The black shapes of the towers on their grassy point leap out with startling clarity against the bright collage of the shoreline, silhouettes that might be the pictogram for the works of industrial man." (Landscape Australia, February 1980)
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built into its summit. The park was for many years the exclusive site of a summer series of "Peace Concerts". These concerts are now rotated among several Seattle parks. The park also has for many years hosted one of Seattle's two major
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wrote: "Gas Works Park will not only be a unique first in the United States, if not the world, but will set an important precedent for the future preservation of industrial structure through an imaginative plan for adaptive use."
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oxygen-extraction process, the oxygen was then pumped to the generators for the first stage of gas manufacturing, and the final product was compressed and pumped to either the storage tank or down the lines of main to customers.
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feet (10.2 m) high. The outer shells are equipped with nozzles for pipe and instrument connections, access doors, air blast doors, gas outlets, and sight holes. The towers rest on concrete pedestals. (Blueprints, 1945–46).
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Though gas production ceased in 1956, the buildings and manufacturing structures were still intact in 1962 when the city of Seattle began purchasing the abandoned gas works. The $ 1.34 million purchase price was provided by
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The original structures qualify as industrial archaeology and are the last remaining examples of a type of technology. The structures have been preserved and are integrated into a park design. Paul Goldberger wrote in the
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Outside the play barn, the sole surviving smoke arrestor hood has been refurbished as a play structure for climbing. Designed and built by the company in 1935, three were installed in order to reduce pollutant emissions.
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plant in the United States. The plant was operating from 1906 to 1956 and was bought by the city of Seattle for use as a park in 1962. The park opened to the public in 1975. It was designed by Seattle landscape architect
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through a stream "full of windfalls and brush, impassable even for a canoe". (Bass 1947, p. 33) Lake Union in the 1860–70s was a popular vacation spot with Seattleites for summer house-boating and picnicking.
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Several sawmills were operating on Lake Union's shore by the 1850s, taking advantage of the dense forests. Beginning in 1872, Seattle Coal and Transportation Company ferried coal from its
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However, there is no access to Lake Union. The lake’s sediment contains hazardous substances. Therefore, aquatic activities like swimming, boating, fishing and wading are prohibited.
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The soil and groundwater of the site was contaminated during its operation as a gasification plant. The 1971 Master Plan called for "cleaning and greening" the park through bio-
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869:(A): Towers 1 and 2 (largest and closest to the lake) are Semet-Solvay–type generators built in 1937–38. Each has a single outer shell made of welded steel lined inside with
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in 1917 guaranteed the success of shipping and shipbuilding industries on Lake Union and thus of the Bogue vision, despite the fact that his plan was defeated by voters.
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Part of the master plan, known as the "Great Mound", hill was molded out of thousands of cubic yards of rubble from building foundations covered with fresh topsoil. The
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A 1911 map shows the promontory, near the center of the map. Many of the east–west street names have since changed, and a few near the lake have been somewhat rerouted.
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This concrete platform was built in 1936 as an unloading area for coal. The platform was integrated into the park design and handrails placed at the lakeside edges.
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Seattle Gas Light Company purchased lots on the north shore promontory from 1900 to 1909. Despite the fact that the land was being acquired by the gas company, the
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The abandoned gas-production plant and its land were deeded to the city of Seattle in 1975 and Gas Works Park was opened to the public that same year.
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The Seattle Gas Company's production plant located on Lake Union, now known as Gas Works Park, was co-founded by one of Seattle's foremost pioneers,
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for use in explosives. Toluene was in high demand during World War II, and production of it was essential to the war effort (e.g., for making
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lighting) manufactured from coal. The gas was later also used for cooking, refrigeration, and heating homes and water. It was also called
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Despite its somewhat isolated location, the park has been the site of numerous political rallies. These included a seven-month continuous
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of key structures, the rich history of the site and thus of an important aspect of Seattle would be preserved and revealed.
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newspaper said, "Gas Works Park is easily the strangest park in Seattle and may rank among the strangest in the world."
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and business activities of the city." (Seattle Municipal Plans Commission 1911, p. 78) Completion of the
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Gas Works Park occupies a 20.5 acres (8.3 hectares) promontory between the northwest and northeast arms of
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fire-safe house for storing fire control materials. Running through the north portion of the site was
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Panoramic view from the "Great Mound", showing much of the park and the view toward downtown Seattle.
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in 1887 ensured that Lake Union would continue to be a focus for industrial development. In 1900 the
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plant went into operation in 1906. At the time the neighborhood was known as Edgewater (see map,
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1295:, Individual Landmarks, Department of Neighborhoods, City of Seattle. Accessed 28 December 2007.
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Seattle Gas Company, Meridian Avenue North at North Northlake Way, Seattle, King County, WA
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1374:"Gas Works Park enters new phase of cleanup: Shoreline and lake bed to be dredged, capped"
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occasionally still oozes from some locations within the site and is isolated and removed.
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events; in 2009, it was the sole such event. The park is the traditional end point of the
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Gas Works Park is the work of its designer, Richard Haag, a Seattle landscape architect.
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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Summer Solstice pageant in the park, 2007. The earth mound is in the background.
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mines across the lake for portage across to Puget Sound. In the 1880s came the
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1327:"Landscapes of industrial excess: A thick sections approach to Gas Works Park"
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ride up the trestles and release coal into hoppers parked under the trestles.
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The year of nomination is indicated by the first two digits of the ID number.
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began to purchase lots on this promontory (Secrist, Title Search) and its
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The building is a Seattle city landmark and a Washington State landmark.
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required additional measures, including removing and capping wastes, and
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The structures and machinery standing in GWP today are remnants of the
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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By 1954, the Lake Station plant used 1,071 miles (1,724 km) of
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named it "Lake Union" in expectation of future canals linking it to
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1477:"Adaptive re-use. Layering of meaning on sites of industrial ruin."
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A 2003 government report, "Sediment Toxicity Near Gas Works Park"
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payments were made from 1962 to 1972, and the debt was retired.
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Seattle Parks and Recreation Department map of Gas Works Park
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1448:"State of the art: 10 great pieces of public art in Seattle"
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liner has an inside diameter of 20 feet (6.1 m) and is
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View from Westlake towards the waterfront of Gas Works Park
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August 2003: The New Old: Nifty from the Last 50 Initiative
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Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
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at the top of the mound was created by two local artists,
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oven and coal-gas generating sets forced a change-over to
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impressive display of seldom-seen industrial technology.
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on January 2, 2013, over a decade after being nominated.
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Washington State Dept. of Ecology Page on Gas Works Park
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Gas Works Park contains remnants of the sole remaining
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inch (4.8 mm) plate steel. (Blueprints, 1945–46)
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The towers silhouetted by a sunset, seen from the east
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via ground water. There are no known areas of surface
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in the southeast portion of the site to try to remove
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under the name PeaceWorks Park, in opposition to the
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that was a theoretical source of pollutants reaching
442:"PeaceWorks Park" anti-war protest at Gas Works, 1990
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Gas Works Park has been a setting for films such as
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on the site of the former Seattle Gas Light Company
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
1399:"More cleanup planned for Seattle's Gas Works Park"
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2737:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
2418:Danny Woo International District Community Garden
1470:Richard Haag. Bloedel Reserve and Gas Works Park.
1030:inventoried the Gas Works and Eric DeLony of the
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1489:Basel Berlin Boston: Birkhauser Publisher 2008.
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3170:National Register of Historic Places in Seattle
3129:National Register of Historic Places portal
1139:"National Register of Historic Places Listings"
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419:The park originally constituted one end of the
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1472:New York: Princeton Architectural Press 1998
1766:Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park
392:Gas Works Park also features an artificial
3165:Protected areas of King County, Washington
3160:Buildings and structures completed in 1906
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3210:1906 establishments in Washington (state)
3185:Manufacturing plants in the United States
2677:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1002:Learn how and when to remove this message
277:Haag, Richard Haag; Jefferies-Norton Corp
142:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1361:– via Taylor & Francis Online.
1093:The Seattle skyline from Gas Works Park.
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732:Park development and remediation efforts
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1446:Michael Upchurch (September 26, 2013).
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604:Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway
425:Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway
3152:
1164:
1115:"National Register Information System"
910:benzene, toluene and solvent naphtha.
765:
474:remaining on the site today, although
456:Washington State Department of Ecology
221:
196:
2649:
2502:Carl S. English Jr. Botanical Gardens
2082:0.02–10 acres (0.0081–4.0469 ha)
1709:
1551:
1372:Breda, Isabella (November 12, 2022).
1371:
1320:
1318:
412:and the starting point for Seattle's
16:Public park in Seattle, United States
1538:Historic American Engineering Record
1286:Landmarks Alphabetical Listing for G
1120:National Register of Historic Places
958:
344:National Register of Historic Places
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
3190:Buildings and structures in Seattle
1324:
1131:
1107:
1026:status was recognized in 1971 when
13:
3092:National Historic Preservation Act
1794:Greater than 50 acres (20 ha)
1665:John Stanford International School
1315:
1225:"Richard Haag Oral History | TCLF"
1165:Sawyer, Shannon (March 19, 2020).
974:tone or style may not reflect the
811:
740:2007 photo of landscape architect
452:US Environmental Protection Agency
14:
3221:
2361:Under 0.02 acres (0.0081 ha)
1500:
1427:. Seattle: Seattle Mayor's Office
1331:Journal of Landscape Architecture
616:Commons:File:Seattle map 1909.jpg
3134:
3133:
3122:
2495:Arboretums and botanical gardens
1688:
1687:
1325:Way, Thaïsa Way (May 24, 2013).
984:guide to writing better articles
963:
780:
334:, located on the north shore of
220:
213:
195:
188:
25:
2553:Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition
2527:South Seattle College Arboretum
1640:Molly Moon's Homemade Ice Cream
1518:QuickTime VR movies of the park
1439:
1417:
1391:
1365:
530:. The park was the site of the
396:-flying hill with a sculptured
36:needs additional citations for
3045:Federated States of Micronesia
2691:Architectural style categories
1959:Herring's House Park (Tualtwx)
1933:Emma Schmitz Memorial Overlook
1908:10–50 acres (4.0–20.2 ha)
1595:Divers Institute of Technology
1298:
1279:
1254:
1242:
1217:
1158:
649:The mothballed gasworks, 1966.
522:: once as the Finish Line for
291:
204:Show map of Washington (state)
1:
1462:
1312:. Accessed online 2009-08-05.
1251:. Accessed online 2009-08-05.
1100:
843:
229:Show map of the United States
3180:Towers in Washington (state)
2597:Seattle Parks and Recreation
1351:10.1080/18626033.2013.798920
922:Play barn and picnic shelter
692:Burlington Northern Railroad
123:United States historic place
7:
2532:Volunteer Park Conservatory
1468:William S. Saunders (Ed.):
1262:"Redefining the Urban Park"
1042:Two of the remaining towers
913:
773:
378:The old gasification plant.
369:
10:
3226:
3097:Historic Preservation Fund
3076:American Legation, Morocco
2164:Fritz Hedges Waterway Park
1479:in: Arcade journal 23/2004
1167:"Gas Works Park (Seattle)"
1024:National Historic Landmark
930:Inside the play barn, 2007
636:Lake Washington Ship Canal
573:. In the mid-19th century
544:
513:10 Things I Hate About You
362:neighborhood) was renamed
3117:
3084:
3063:
3038:Lists by associated state
3037:
2996:
2729:
2683:
2591:
2566:
2545:
2537:Washington Park Arboretum
2494:
2473:
2441:
2402:
2395:
2360:
2184:Home of the Good Shepherd
2081:
1907:
1849:Lake Washington Boulevard
1793:
1784:
1747:
1683:
1615:Home of the Good Shepherd
1585:
1540:(HAER) No. WA-215, "
1266:The Innovation Imperative
852:
608:Seattle Gas Light Company
302:
290:NRHP reference
289:
281:
273:
258:
250:
238:
182:
170:
166:
157:
148:
139:
132:
128:
3019:Northern Mariana Islands
2603:List of parks in Seattle
1894:West Seattle Golf Course
532:2021 NHL Expansion Draft
338:at the south end of the
282:Architectural style
254:20.5 acres (8.3 ha)
2522:Seattle Japanese Garden
2465:West Duwamish Greenbelt
2457:East Duwamish Greenbelt
2453:SW Queen Anne Greenbelt
1918:Cheasty Boulevard South
1605:Fuel Coffee & Books
1514:archived from GoSleepGo
955:Historical significance
658:to distinguish it from
242:2000 N. Northlake Way,
3014:Minor Outlying Islands
2997:Lists by insular areas
2711:Keeper of the Register
2546:Landscape architecture
2517:Seattle Chinese Garden
2327:Union Bay Natural Area
2284:Olympic Sculpture Park
2071:Walt Hundley Playfield
2038:Pritchard Island Beach
1927:Condon Way Centerstrip
1645:North Transfer Station
1249:Seattle Peace Concerts
1094:
1043:
931:
862:
821:
745:
744:, designer of the park
650:
554:
443:
379:
151:U.S. Historic district
2716:National Park Service
2696:Contributing property
2011:Meadowbrook Playfield
1145:on September 22, 2013
1125:National Park Service
1092:
1079:Industrial Revolution
1070:and various types of
1041:
1032:National Park Service
929:
860:
819:
739:
648:
552:
441:
414:World Naked Bike Ride
377:
315:is a park located in
177:The park seen in 2011
3205:Wallingford, Seattle
3071:District of Columbia
2632:47.6460°N 122.3350°W
2449:St. Mark's Greenbelt
2074:West Seattle Stadium
2063:Stan Sayres Memorial
2042:Queen Anne Boulevard
2003:Maple Wood Playfield
2000:Maple Leaf Reservoir
1579:Wallingford, Seattle
1487:Syntax of Landscape.
1310:Preservation Seattle
431:neighborhood toward
45:improve this article
2628: /
2403:Farms, gardens and
2312:South Passage Point
2269:North Passage Point
2254:Meridian Playground
2060:Soundview Playfield
2051:Riverview Playfield
1670:Stone Avenue Bridge
1625:Lincoln High School
1343:2013JLaAr...8a..28W
766:Landscape architect
364:Myrtle Edwards Park
244:Seattle, Washington
2637:47.6460; -122.3350
2579:Chief Sealth Trail
2574:Burke-Gilman Trail
2474:Zoos and aquariums
2413:Beacon Food Forest
2332:Victor Steinbrueck
2114:Cascade Playground
2020:Montlake Playfield
1997:Magnolia Playfield
1955:Hamilton Viewpoint
1914:Brighton Playfield
1859:Magnolia Tidelands
1655:Rancho Bravo Tacos
1291:2011-07-21 at the
1095:
1044:
1028:Victor Steinbrueck
932:
863:
822:
746:
701:to serve Seattle,
651:
555:
472:soil contamination
444:
421:Burke–Gilman Trail
380:
3147:
3146:
2701:Historic district
2611:
2610:
2587:
2586:
2486:Woodland Park Zoo
2461:
2391:
2390:
2317:Terry Pettus Park
2308:Schmitz Boulevard
2104:Bryant Playground
1780:
1779:
1703:
1702:
1630:Meridian, Seattle
1495:978-3-7643-7615-4
1452:The Seattle Times
1378:The Seattle Times
1012:
1011:
1004:
978:used on Knowledge
976:encyclopedic tone
686:, and resin tar.
410:Solstice Cyclists
351:coal gasification
310:
309:
121:
120:
113:
95:
3217:
3175:Parks in Seattle
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3050:Marshall Islands
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2567:Multi-use trails
2481:Seattle Aquarium
2459:
2423:Interbay P-Patch
2400:
2399:
1984:Longfellow Creek
1791:
1790:
1771:Wing Luke Museum
1754:
1753:
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1691:
1690:
1675:Tableau Software
1572:
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1436:
1434:
1432:
1425:"Gas Works Park"
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1304:Michael Houser,
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1210:
1199:"Gas Works Park"
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1128:
1111:
1056:ammonium sulfate
1007:
1000:
996:
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987:
986:for suggestions.
982:See Knowledge's
967:
966:
959:
905:
904:
900:
890:
889:
885:
882:
871:refractory brick
784:
623:Olmsted Brothers
519:The Amazing Race
497:, and beat poet
448:phytoremediation
403:Independence Day
293:
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160:Seattle Landmark
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60:"Gas Works Park"
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2383:Westlake Square
2356:
2294:Parsons Gardens
2077:
2032:Open Water Park
1903:
1786:
1776:
1743:
1737:Protected Areas
1734:
1704:
1699:
1679:
1635:Mighty-O Donuts
1600:Fremont Brewing
1581:
1576:
1503:
1475:Pirzio-Biroli:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1444:
1440:
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1428:
1423:
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1408:
1406:
1405:. June 26, 2023
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1293:Wayback Machine
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1171:Historylink.org
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1127:. July 9, 2010.
1113:
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1052:Arthur A. Denny
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812:The earth mound
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583:Lake Washington
547:
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306:January 2, 2013
285:Post-industrial
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3004:American Samoa
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2938:South Carolina
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2730:Lists by state
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2368:Boylston Place
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2209:Kiwanis Ravine
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2149:Dr. Jose Rizal
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2007:Matthews Beach
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1930:Dahl Playfield
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1785:City parks and
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1512:Gasworks Park
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1483:Udo Weilacher
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1060:sulfuric acid
1057:
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751:site analysis
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643:
641:
640:Ballard Locks
637:
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619:
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584:
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575:Thomas Mercer
572:
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495:Timothy Leary
492:
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386:Seattle Times
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318:
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303:Added to NRHP
301:
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101:February 2017
93:
90:
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79:
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72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
2943:South Dakota
2933:Rhode Island
2928:Pennsylvania
2908:North Dakota
2613:
2595:
2460:(The Jungle)
2433:Picardo Farm
2264:Nora's Woods
2234:Louisa Boren
2214:Kobe Terrace
2199:Jimi Hendrix
2174:Fremont Peak
2139:Denny Blaine
2109:Cal Anderson
2047:Ravenna Park
2035:Pigeon Point
2015:Me-Kwa-Mooks
1949:
1773:(affiliated)
1692:
1660:Solid Ground
1609:
1486:
1476:
1469:
1451:
1441:
1429:. Retrieved
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1393:
1383:November 28,
1381:. Retrieved
1377:
1367:
1334:
1330:
1309:
1300:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:
1256:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1229:www.tclf.org
1228:
1219:
1207:. Retrieved
1202:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1160:
1147:. Retrieved
1143:the original
1133:
1118:
1109:
1096:
1084:
1076:
1049:
1045:
1016:
1013:
998:
992:October 2013
989:
973:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
917:
908:
894:
875:
868:
864:
847:
823:
807:
803:
799:
795:
769:
760:
747:
742:Richard Haag
727:
715:
696:
688:
652:
631:Virgil Bogue
628:
620:
592:
570:
566:
562:
556:
540:
517:
511:
505:
503:
480:
460:air sparging
445:
418:
391:
384:
381:
356:Richard Haag
348:
329:gasification
312:
311:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
3064:Other areas
3024:Puerto Rico
2858:Mississippi
2773:Connecticut
2635: /
2623:122°20′06″W
2442:Green belts
2219:Lake People
2144:Donnie Chin
2099:Bell Street
2025:Mount Baker
1149:January 15,
660:natural gas
595:Renton Hill
579:Puget Sound
567:Tenas Chuck
340:Wallingford
325:public park
3154:Categories
2973:Washington
2893:New Mexico
2888:New Jersey
2763:California
2620:47°38′46″N
2428:Marra Farm
2342:Waterfront
2279:Occidental
2274:Northacres
2224:Lake Union
2194:Jack Block
2129:Commodore
2094:Beer Sheva
2029:Northacres
1937:Fauntleroy
1834:Interlaken
1829:Green Lake
1801:Alki Beach
1463:Literature
1101:References
844:Lawn areas
834:Kim Lazare
674:, solvent
587:Salmon Bay
559:Lake Union
491:Mike Lowry
468:Lake Union
336:Lake Union
321:Washington
71:newspapers
2983:Wisconsin
2948:Tennessee
2853:Minnesota
2828:Louisiana
2405:P-Patches
2124:City Hall
2067:Volunteer
2057:Sam Smith
1973:Lakeridge
1950:Gas Works
1889:Westcrest
1844:Jefferson
1814:Discovery
1805:Camp Long
1787:preserves
1359:109913400
1337:(1): 38.
1271:August 2,
1234:August 2,
1205:. Lattice
1072:gunpowder
629:In 1911,
528:Season 10
406:fireworks
274:Architect
3139:Category
2968:Virginia
2918:Oklahoma
2898:New York
2873:Nebraska
2863:Missouri
2848:Michigan
2838:Maryland
2823:Kentucky
2803:Illinois
2778:Delaware
2768:Colorado
2758:Arkansas
2352:Westlake
2229:Lakeview
2179:Hing Hay
2159:Fairview
1993:Magnolia
1962:Hiawatha
1946:Garfield
1899:Woodland
1864:Magnuson
1694:Category
1409:June 27,
1289:Archived
1203:CityDays
914:The prow
774:Features
699:gas main
656:city gas
612:coal gas
563:Kah-chug
534:for the
524:Season 3
487:Gulf War
370:Overview
360:Belltown
297:02000862
239:Location
3085:Related
2988:Wyoming
2963:Vermont
2868:Montana
2808:Indiana
2788:Georgia
2783:Florida
2753:Arizona
2743:Alabama
2337:Viretta
2304:Roanoke
2249:McCurdy
2239:Madison
2169:Freeway
2054:Roxhill
1988:Madrona
1969:Kinnear
1874:Schmitz
1854:Lincoln
1839:Jackson
1819:Genesee
1809:Carkeek
1749:Federal
1741:Seattle
1431:May 23,
1339:Bibcode
1209:May 23,
1176:May 23,
1064:toluene
901:⁄
886:⁄
826:sundial
721:bonds,
711:Tukwila
676:naphtha
672:toluene
581:and to
545:History
507:Singles
464:benzene
433:Ballard
429:Fremont
398:sundial
317:Seattle
264: (
85:scholar
2923:Oregon
2878:Nevada
2818:Kansas
2793:Hawaii
2748:Alaska
2684:Topics
1980:Leschi
1976:Lawton
1923:Colman
1884:Seward
1493:
1357:
1062:; and
1058:, and
853:Towers
838:gnomon
703:Renton
684:xylene
680:sulfur
571:Xa'ten
569:, and
246:, U.S.
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
3055:Palau
2953:Texas
2833:Maine
2798:Idaho
2396:Other
2299:Peace
2289:Oxbow
2204:Kerry
2134:Denny
2119:Cowen
1942:Frink
1869:Puget
1620:Joule
1355:S2CID
599:Denny
483:vigil
332:plant
259:Built
92:JSTOR
78:books
3009:Guam
2958:Utah
2913:Ohio
2813:Iowa
1491:ISBN
1433:2024
1411:2023
1403:KUOW
1385:2022
1273:2023
1236:2023
1211:2024
1178:2024
1151:2013
832:and
709:and
707:Kent
664:coke
638:and
510:and
454:and
394:kite
266:1975
262:1975
251:Area
64:news
1739:of
1347:doi
1068:TNT
723:HUD
668:oil
618:.)
476:tar
292:No.
47:by
3156::
1485::
1450:.
1401:.
1376:.
1353:.
1345:.
1333:.
1329:.
1317:^
1308:,
1264:.
1227:.
1201:.
1186:^
1169:.
1123:.
1117:.
903:16
879:33
705:,
682:,
678:,
565:,
538:.
501:.
435:.
416:.
366:.
319:,
2739::
2669:e
2662:t
2655:v
1729:e
1722:t
1715:v
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1557:v
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1454:.
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1413:.
1387:.
1349::
1341::
1335:8
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1238:.
1213:.
1180:.
1153:.
1005:)
999:(
994:)
990:(
980:.
899:3
888:2
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268:)
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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