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521:, forming the Corps d'Afrique. Andrews was also placed in command of the Army District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson. He retained command of the district and the Corps d'Afrique until February 1865. To recruit African-Americans, Andrews dispatched soldiers to plantations throughout his district to enlist freed slaves.
535:
After the
Confederacy's surrender in April 1865, Andrews spent a portion of the summer as Maj. Gen. Canby's chief of staff, then resigned his commission on August 24, 1865. On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Andrews to the honorary grade of brevet major general, United States
34:
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harbor. From 1854 to 1855, he was assistant professor of engineering at West Point. He then resigned from the service and was engaged in civil engineering work until the beginning of the Civil War. Some sources have confused
General Andrews with Colonel
465:
In
October 1862, Andrews was elevated to brigade command and briefly commanded the 2nd Brigade, 1st Division of the XII Corps, then the 4th Brigade of the same division while the Army of the Potomac re-grouped in the aftermath of the Maryland Campaign.
400:
of which he was appointed lieutenant colonel. The 2nd
Massachusetts was attached in July 1861 to the Army Department of the Shenandoah commanded by Maj. Gen. Nathaniel Banks. During 1861, they took part in minor operations in the vicinity of
570:, was named after him. Constructed in 1897, the fort held the largest garrison of any fortification in Boston Harbor in the early 20th century (two thousand troops). It was abandoned by the U.S. Army in 1946 and is currently in ruins.
505:, a costly operation consisting of several naval and land assaults. Confederate forces in Port Hudson, the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, ultimately surrendered on July 9, 1863, after hearing of the surrender of
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Andrews remained in command of the 2nd
Massachusetts until October 2, 1862, during which time he led the regiment in two more major battles. On August 9, 1862, Banks's forces again engaged Jackson, and were again defeated, in the
532:
during the Siege of Mobile
Campaign which forced the surrender of the last Confederate stronghold on the Gulf coast. For his service during this campaign, Andrews was given a commendation by Canby.
352:, son of Manasseh and Harriet Leonard Andrews. In 1851, Andrews graduated first in his class from the United States Military Academy at West Point. After graduating, he was assigned to the
509:, Mississippi. Andrews personally accepted the sword of the Confederate commander of Port Hudson during the formal surrender and returned it to him as a compliment to their bravery.
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Andrews reached New
Orleans with the last detachment of new troops on February 11, 1863. He was briefly placed in command of the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division,
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but less than a month later, in March 1863, Andrews was appointed chief of staff to Maj. Gen. Banks. In this capacity, Andrews assisted in organizing the
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On
February 27, Andrews was relieved from command of the District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson and reported to New Orleans where he was appointed
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and intended to move north from New
Orleans with a large force to assist in taking control of the Mississippi River.
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on
September 17, 1862. The regiment took part in the assaults on the Confederate position through the infamous
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Volunteers, to rank from March 26, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the award on March 12, 1866.
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The day after the fall of Port Hudson, Andrews was assigned to organize the African-American troops in the
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at West Point from 1871 to 1882, and of modern languages from 1882 until his retirement in 1892.
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on November 9, 1862. As a key member of Banks's staff, Andrews spent the winter of 1862–1863 in
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During the Civil War, Andrews served in a number of important commands, first as the
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Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: a political, social and military history
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and suffered heavy casualties before being forced to make an orderly retreat.
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After the war, Andrews pursued a variety of vocations, including service as a
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On October 26, 1862, Andrews was assigned to Maj. Gen. Banks's expedition to
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At the start of the Civil War, Andrews assisted with the organization of the
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general for the Department of the Gulf. He served as an aide to Maj. Gen.
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in Mississippi. He then moved back to Massachusetts and was a
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In the spring of 1862, Banks's forces were confronted by
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The Boston Harbor Islands: a history of urban wilderness
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List of Massachusetts generals in the American Civil War
775:. Springfield, Massachusetts: Clark W. Bryan & Co.
434:. On June 13, 1862, Andrews was promoted to colonel.
415:'s Confederate forces in a series of battles known as
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263:, Professor of French & Modern Languages at the
340:at West Point as a professor until his retirement.
544:After the Civil War, Andrews spent two years as a
426:as commander of the 2nd Massachusetts and led the
275:(August 31, 1828 – April 4, 1899) was an American
940:People of Massachusetts in the American Civil War
794:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
16:Not to be confused with Union Lieutenant Colonel
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908:in The National Cyclopædia of American Biography
363:. From 1851 to 1854, he served as assistant to
833:Heidler, David S.; Heidler, Jeanne T. (2000).
321:, among other actions. Mentored by Maj. Gen.
398:2nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry
383:, U.S. Army (as both are George L. Andrews).
881:Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam
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610:List of American Civil War generals (Union)
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370:who was in command of the construction of
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313:which saw heavy action in the Battles of
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279:, civil engineer, and soldier. He was a
818:. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
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620:Massachusetts in the American Civil War
513:District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson
210:District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson
985:United States Military Academy faculty
965:People from Bridgewater, Massachusetts
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291:and was awarded the honorary grade of
945:United States Military Academy alumni
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197:4th Brigade, 1st Division, XII Corps
329:during the later years of the war.
187:2nd Massachusetts Infantry Regiment
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839:. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
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419:. In May 1862, Andrews succeeded
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860:. Charleston: The History Press.
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338:United States Military Academy
265:United States Military Academy
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788:Cunningham, Edward (1994) .
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950:United States Army officers
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348:George Andrews was born in
327:Army Department of the Gulf
200:1st Brigade, 3rd Division,
191:2nd Brigade, 1st Division,
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812:; Eicher, John H. (2001).
432:First Battle of Winchester
350:Bridgewater, Massachusetts
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231:First Battle of Winchester
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602:American Civil War portal
417:Jackson's Valley Campaign
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913:"George Leonard Andrews"
791:The Port Hudson Campaign
769:Bowen, James L. (1889).
738:Cunningham 1994, p. 119.
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440:Battle of Cedar Mountain
323:Nathaniel Prentice Banks
236:Battle of Cedar Mountain
110:United States of America
815:Civil War High Commands
450:, and took part in the
403:Harpers Ferry, Virginia
354:Army Corps of Engineers
960:United States Marshals
906:George Leonard Andrews
492:Department of the Gulf
470:New Orleans expedition
381:George Lippitt Andrews
273:George Leonard Andrews
38:George Leonard Andrews
26:George Leonard Andrews
18:George Lippitt Andrews
854:Kales, David (2007).
729:Heidler 2000, p. 175.
562:, a fortification on
550:United States marshal
334:United States Marshal
261:United States Marshal
143:Years of service
86:Mount Auburn Cemetery
76:, Massachusetts, U.S.
59:, Massachusetts, U.S.
747:Eicher 2001, p. 710.
690:Heidler 2000, p. 52.
648:Eicher 2001, p. 106.
503:Siege of Port Hudson
490:as commander of the
478:and was promoted to
246:Siege of Port Hudson
955:Union Army generals
708:Bowen 1889, p. 121.
699:Bowen 1889, p. 115.
670:Bowen 1889, p. 878.
448:Army of the Potomac
424:George Henry Gordon
456:Battle of Antietam
289:American Civil War
241:Battle of Antietam
226:American Civil War
133:United States Army
876:Sears, Stephen W.
867:978-1-59629-290-1
480:brigadier general
452:Maryland Campaign
392:2nd Massachusetts
361:second lieutenant
356:with the rank of
307:2nd Massachusetts
281:brigadier general
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975:1899 deaths
970:1828 births
756:Kales, 112.
476:New Orleans
430:during the
372:Fort Warren
287:during the
57:Bridgewater
934:Categories
922:2008-01-05
763:References
285:Union Army
137:Union Army
99:Allegiance
50:1828-08-31
507:Vicksburg
499:XIX Corps
460:Cornfield
444:XII Corps
387:Civil War
277:professor
202:XIX Corps
193:XII Corps
91:Cambridge
74:Brookline
878:(1983).
574:See also
428:regiment
410:Lt. Gen.
365:Lt. Col.
319:Antietam
311:regiment
180:Commands
120:Service/
781:1986476
546:planter
446:in the
305:of the
303:colonel
283:in the
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376:Boston
358:brevet
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171:Brevet
122:branch
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886:ISBN
862:ISBN
841:ISBN
820:ISBN
796:ISBN
777:OCLC
421:Col.
317:and
309:, a
153:Rank
64:Died
44:Born
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