427:
235:
37:
463:
459:
773:
447:
503:
66:
383:, Crown Prince Frederick William did not dare court trouble with Bismarck by openly taking the party's side. His early death in 1888 and the accession of his son
398:
became irreconcilable. Upon
Bismarck's death in 1890, the parties lost their common adversary. In 1893, the Free-minded Party split in conflict over Chancellor
499:
439:
507:
431:
1091:
475:
435:
495:
483:
1086:
491:
471:
1071:
814:
804:
1066:
766:
511:
455:
819:
1061:
759:
1096:
909:
889:
725:
415:
403:
129:
869:
799:
782:
213:
301:
were among the prime movers of the merger in the view of the forthcoming accession of the considered liberal Crown Prince
1076:
997:
809:
426:
964:
927:
274:
874:
586:
411:
305:
to the throne (which took place only in 1888). Richter aspired to build up a strong united liberal force in the
330:
326:
302:
751:
1030:
974:
539:
376:
349:
345:
152:
899:
1002:
904:
384:
379:, the party again lost half of their seats, falling to 32 Reichstag mandates. Though urged by his wife
959:
353:
306:
679:
1081:
380:
1025:
1020:
969:
954:
946:
879:
735:
611:
395:
322:
314:
270:
161:
119:
1012:
932:
837:
564:
361:
864:
847:
829:
710:
601:
369:
266:
255:
115:
410:. A re-union took place in 1910, when both further weakened liberal parties merged with the
606:
318:
218:
185:
165:
8:
992:
919:
529:
451:
365:
208:
667:
310:
180:
894:
856:
743:
591:
569:
479:
407:
372:
290:
133:
660:
Antisocialism and
Electoral Politics in Regional Perspective: The Kingdom of Saxony
519:
286:
336:
Under party chairman Franz August Schenk von
Stauffenberg along with his deputies
554:
544:
399:
348:, representing a drop of 3.6% from the combined parties' results in the previous
258:
239:
169:
534:
337:
574:
467:
341:
49:
1055:
781:
559:
524:
487:
391:
357:
298:
262:
61:
1040:
1035:
984:
623:
549:
443:
344:, the Free-minded Party received disappointing 17.6% of the votes in the
596:
294:
173:
157:
791:
622:
430:
Members of the Free-minded Party at the
Reichstag foyer, 1889,
198:
265:, founded on 5 March 1884 as a result of the merger of the
390:
During the decline in support, the differences between
815:
Independent Social
Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)
352:. The main beneficiaries of this defection were the
317:. The Free-minded Party supported the expansion of
820:Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD)
805:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP)
1053:
767:
800:General German Workers' Association (ADAV)
774:
760:
645:Ideology and Interests in the German State
662:. Cambridge University Press. p. 62.
657:
626:; Translated by Franklin Sherman (1957).
1092:Political parties disestablished in 1893
810:Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
425:
1087:Political parties of the German Empire
1054:
692:
642:
1072:Political parties established in 1884
755:
1067:Defunct political parties in Germany
16:Political party in the German Empire
309:parliament, similar to the British
46:Chairman of the Executive Committee
13:
421:
14:
1108:
1062:Defunct liberal political parties
1003:German Social Reform Party (DSRP)
900:National-Social Association (NSV)
34:Chairman of the Central Committee
910:Progressive People's Party (FVP)
890:Free-minded People's Party (FVP)
58:Chairman of the Select Committee
960:German Conservative Party (DkP)
885:German Free-minded Party (DFsP)
870:Democratic People's Party (DVP)
693:Lerman, Katharine Anne (2004).
630:. Harper & Row. p. 57.
587:Contributions to liberal theory
1097:1884 establishments in Germany
1031:Bavarian Peasants' League (BB)
686:
651:
636:
387:terminated all liberal hopes.
327:separation of church and state
145:Parlamentarische Korrespondenz
1:
1026:German-Hanoverian Party (DHP)
955:Free Conservative Party (FKP)
617:
975:Conservative Party (Prussia)
965:Christian Social Party (CSP)
933:Imperial Liberal Party (LRP)
928:National Liberal Party (NLP)
875:German People's Party (DtVP)
785:until the end of World War I
783:Political parties in Germany
7:
865:German Progress Party (DFP)
580:
280:
273:, an 1880 split-off of the
244:Deutsche Freisinnige Partei
27:Deutsche Freisinnige Partei
10:
1113:
1077:Liberal parties in Germany
726:Free-minded People's Party
416:Progressive People's Party
404:Free-minded People's Party
130:Free-minded People's Party
1011:
998:German Social Party (DSP)
993:German Reform Party (DRP)
983:
945:
918:
855:
846:
828:
790:
740:
732:
722:
715:
707:
658:Retallack, James (1992).
204:
191:
179:
151:
139:
125:
111:
93:
75:
71:Eugen Richter (1890–1893)
57:
45:
33:
21:
647:. Routledge. p. 72.
231:German Free-minded Party
24:German Free-minded Party
970:German Fatherland Party
717:liberal German parties
697:. Pearson. p. 199.
612:List of liberal parties
381:Princess Royal Victoria
356:forces, supporting the
323:constitutional monarchy
315:William Ewart Gladstone
181:Political position
99:; 131 years ago
81:; 140 years ago
895:Free-minded Union (FV)
838:Centre Party (Zentrum)
628:The Socialist Decision
565:Heinrich Edwin Rickert
515:
504:Johann Heinrich Nickel
275:National Liberal Party
243:
38:Franz von Stauffenberg
905:Democratic Union (DV)
711:German Progress Party
643:Bonham, Gary (1991).
602:Liberalism in Germany
429:
412:German People's Party
402:'s policies into the
396:centre-right liberals
377:1887 federal election
350:1881 federal election
346:1884 federal election
267:German Progress Party
116:German Progress Party
1021:Saxon People's Party
607:Liberalism worldwide
252:German Radical Party
166:Social progressivism
530:Max von Forckenbeck
452:Max von Forckenbeck
331:Jewish emancipation
209:Politics of Germany
880:Liberal Union (LV)
516:
254:was a short-lived
1049:
1048:
941:
940:
750:
749:
744:Free-minded Union
741:Succeeded by
723:Succeeded by
592:Liberal democracy
570:Georg von Siemens
500:Friedrich Schenck
480:Georg von Siemens
440:Philipp Schmieder
408:Free-minded Union
373:Otto von Bismarck
303:Frederick William
291:Georg von Siemens
227:
226:
214:Political parties
134:Free-minded Union
126:Succeeded by
79:5 March 1884
1104:
920:National liberal
853:
852:
776:
769:
762:
753:
752:
733:Preceded by
720:1884–1893
708:Preceded by
705:
704:
699:
698:
690:
684:
683:
677:
673:
671:
663:
655:
649:
648:
640:
631:
520:Ludwig Bamberger
508:Reinhart Schmidt
432:Heinrich Berling
287:Ludwig Bamberger
238:
197:
147:
107:
105:
100:
89:
87:
82:
19:
18:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1082:Radical parties
1052:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1007:
979:
937:
914:
842:
824:
786:
780:
746:
738:
728:
719:
713:
703:
702:
691:
687:
675:
674:
665:
664:
656:
652:
641:
637:
620:
583:
555:Theodor Mommsen
545:Albert Kalthoff
476:Friedrich Witte
464:Paul Langerhans
460:Alexander Meyer
448:Adolph Hoffmann
424:
422:Notable members
400:Leo von Caprivi
319:parliamentarism
293:as well as the
285:The economists
283:
234:
223:
195:
172:
170:Parliamentarism
168:
164:
160:
143:
132:
118:
103:
101:
98:
97:7 May 1893
85:
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52:
40:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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922:
916:
915:
913:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
861:
859:
857:Social liberal
850:
844:
843:
841:
840:
834:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
796:
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788:
787:
779:
778:
771:
764:
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724:
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685:
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634:
633:
619:
616:
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609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
582:
579:
578:
577:
575:Rudolf Virchow
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
496:Asmus Lorenzen
484:August Munckel
468:Albert Traeger
423:
420:
366:anti-socialist
342:Rudolf Virchow
321:in the German
282:
279:
225:
224:
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221:
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205:
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188:
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177:
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155:
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137:
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113:
112:Merger of
109:
108:
95:
91:
90:
77:
73:
72:
59:
55:
54:
50:Rudolf Virchow
47:
43:
42:
35:
31:
30:
26:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1022:
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831:
827:
821:
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806:
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801:
798:
797:
795:
793:
789:
784:
777:
772:
770:
765:
763:
758:
757:
754:
745:
737:
736:Liberal Union
731:
727:
718:
712:
706:
696:
689:
681:
669:
661:
654:
646:
639:
635:
632:
629:
625:
624:Tillich, Paul
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
560:Eugen Richter
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
525:Theodor Barth
523:
521:
518:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:August Maager
489:
488:Eugen Richter
485:
481:
477:
473:
472:Julius Lerche
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:protectionist
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
311:Liberal Party
308:
304:
300:
299:Eugen Richter
296:
292:
288:
278:
276:
272:
271:Liberal Union
268:
264:
263:German Empire
260:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
232:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
206:
203:
200:
194:
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187:
184:
182:
178:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121:
120:Liberal Union
117:
114:
110:
96:
92:
78:
74:
68:
67:Karl Schrader
63:
62:Eugen Richter
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
39:
36:
32:
20:
1041:Danish Party
1036:Polish Party
947:Conservative
884:
716:
694:
688:
659:
653:
644:
638:
627:
621:
550:Ludwig Loewe
535:Albert Hänel
444:Moritz Klotz
436:Erwin Lüders
414:to form the
392:progressives
389:
368:policies of
354:Conservative
338:Albert Hänel
335:
284:
251:
247:
230:
228:
144:
1013:Regionalist
985:Antisemitic
676:|work=
512:Max Broemel
362:colonialist
297:politician
186:Centre-left
64:(1884–1890)
53:(1884–1893)
41:(1884–1893)
1056:Categories
618:References
597:Liberalism
540:Max Hirsch
456:Paul Kohli
385:William II
370:Chancellor
162:Radicalism
158:Liberalism
104:1893-05-07
86:1884-03-05
792:Socialist
678:ignored (
668:cite book
375:. In the
307:Reichstag
236:‹See Tfd›
219:Elections
140:Newspaper
94:Dissolved
830:Catholic
695:Bismarck
581:See also
406:and the
281:Policies
269:and the
153:Ideology
848:Liberal
295:liberal
261:in the
256:liberal
192:Colours
174:Laicism
102: (
84: (
76:Founded
313:under
240:German
199:Yellow
196:
69:(1890)
259:party
250:) or
680:help
394:and
364:and
340:and
329:and
289:and
229:The
478:,
474:,
462:,
458:,
454:,
450:,
248:DFP
1058::
672::
670:}}
666:{{
510:,
506:,
502:,
498:,
494:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
470:,
466:,
446:,
442:,
438:,
434:,
418:.
360:,
333:.
325:,
277:.
246:,
242::
775:e
768:t
761:v
682:)
514:.
233:(
106:)
88:)
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