438:
246:
48:
474:
470:
784:
458:
514:
77:
394:, Crown Prince Frederick William did not dare court trouble with Bismarck by openly taking the party's side. His early death in 1888 and the accession of his son
409:
became irreconcilable. Upon
Bismarck's death in 1890, the parties lost their common adversary. In 1893, the Free-minded Party split in conflict over Chancellor
510:
450:
518:
442:
1102:
486:
446:
506:
494:
1097:
502:
482:
1082:
825:
815:
1077:
777:
522:
466:
830:
1072:
770:
1107:
920:
900:
736:
426:
414:
140:
17:
880:
810:
793:
224:
312:
were among the prime movers of the merger in the view of the forthcoming accession of the considered liberal Crown Prince
1087:
1008:
820:
437:
975:
938:
285:
885:
597:
422:
316:
to the throne (which took place only in 1888). Richter aspired to build up a strong united liberal force in the
341:
337:
313:
762:
1041:
985:
550:
387:
360:
356:
163:
910:
1013:
915:
395:
390:, the party again lost half of their seats, falling to 32 Reichstag mandates. Though urged by his wife
970:
364:
317:
690:
1092:
391:
1036:
1031:
980:
965:
957:
890:
746:
622:
406:
333:
325:
281:
172:
130:
1023:
943:
848:
575:
372:
875:
858:
840:
721:
612:
380:
277:
266:
126:
421:. A re-union took place in 1910, when both further weakened liberal parties merged with the
617:
329:
229:
196:
176:
8:
1003:
930:
540:
462:
376:
219:
678:
321:
191:
905:
867:
754:
602:
580:
490:
418:
383:
301:
144:
671:
Antisocialism and
Electoral Politics in Regional Perspective: The Kingdom of Saxony
530:
297:
347:
Under party chairman Franz August Schenk von
Stauffenberg along with his deputies
565:
555:
410:
359:, representing a drop of 3.6% from the combined parties' results in the previous
269:
250:
180:
545:
348:
585:
478:
352:
60:
1066:
792:
570:
535:
498:
402:
368:
309:
273:
72:
1051:
1046:
995:
634:
560:
454:
355:, the Free-minded Party received disappointing 17.6% of the votes in the
607:
305:
184:
168:
802:
633:
441:
Members of the Free-minded Party at the
Reichstag foyer, 1889,
209:
276:, founded on 5 March 1884 as a result of the merger of the
401:
During the decline in support, the differences between
826:
Independent Social
Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)
363:. The main beneficiaries of this defection were the
328:. The Free-minded Party supported the expansion of
831:Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD)
816:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP)
1064:
778:
811:General German Workers' Association (ADAV)
785:
771:
656:Ideology and Interests in the German State
673:. Cambridge University Press. p. 62.
668:
637:; Translated by Franklin Sherman (1957).
1103:Political parties disestablished in 1893
821:Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
436:
14:
1098:Political parties of the German Empire
1065:
703:
653:
1083:Political parties established in 1884
766:
1078:Defunct political parties in Germany
27:Political party in the German Empire
320:parliament, similar to the British
57:Chairman of the Executive Committee
24:
432:
25:
1119:
1073:Defunct liberal political parties
1014:German Social Reform Party (DSRP)
911:National-Social Association (NSV)
45:Chairman of the Central Committee
921:Progressive People's Party (FVP)
901:Free-minded People's Party (FVP)
69:Chairman of the Select Committee
971:German Conservative Party (DkP)
896:German Free-minded Party (DFsP)
881:Democratic People's Party (DVP)
704:Lerman, Katharine Anne (2004).
641:. Harper & Row. p. 57.
598:Contributions to liberal theory
1108:1884 establishments in Germany
1042:Bavarian Peasants' League (BB)
697:
662:
647:
398:terminated all liberal hopes.
338:separation of church and state
156:Parlamentarische Korrespondenz
13:
1:
1037:German-Hanoverian Party (DHP)
966:Free Conservative Party (FKP)
628:
986:Conservative Party (Prussia)
976:Christian Social Party (CSP)
944:Imperial Liberal Party (LRP)
939:National Liberal Party (NLP)
886:German People's Party (DtVP)
796:until the end of World War I
794:Political parties in Germany
7:
876:German Progress Party (DFP)
591:
291:
284:, an 1880 split-off of the
255:Deutsche Freisinnige Partei
38:Deutsche Freisinnige Partei
10:
1124:
1088:Liberal parties in Germany
737:Free-minded People's Party
427:Progressive People's Party
415:Free-minded People's Party
141:Free-minded People's Party
1022:
1009:German Social Party (DSP)
1004:German Reform Party (DRP)
994:
956:
929:
866:
857:
839:
801:
751:
743:
733:
726:
718:
669:Retallack, James (1992).
215:
202:
190:
162:
150:
136:
122:
104:
86:
82:Eugen Richter (1890–1893)
68:
56:
44:
32:
658:. Routledge. p. 72.
242:German Free-minded Party
35:German Free-minded Party
981:German Fatherland Party
728:liberal German parties
708:. Pearson. p. 199.
623:List of liberal parties
392:Princess Royal Victoria
367:forces, supporting the
334:constitutional monarchy
326:William Ewart Gladstone
192:Political position
110:; 131 years ago
92:; 140 years ago
18:German Freeminded Party
906:Free-minded Union (FV)
849:Centre Party (Zentrum)
639:The Socialist Decision
576:Heinrich Edwin Rickert
526:
515:Johann Heinrich Nickel
286:National Liberal Party
254:
49:Franz von Stauffenberg
916:Democratic Union (DV)
722:German Progress Party
654:Bonham, Gary (1991).
613:Liberalism in Germany
440:
423:German People's Party
413:'s policies into the
407:centre-right liberals
388:1887 federal election
361:1881 federal election
357:1884 federal election
278:German Progress Party
127:German Progress Party
1032:Saxon People's Party
618:Liberalism worldwide
263:German Radical Party
177:Social progressivism
541:Max von Forckenbeck
463:Max von Forckenbeck
342:Jewish emancipation
220:Politics of Germany
891:Liberal Union (LV)
527:
265:was a short-lived
1060:
1059:
952:
951:
761:
760:
755:Free-minded Union
752:Succeeded by
734:Succeeded by
603:Liberal democracy
581:Georg von Siemens
511:Friedrich Schenck
491:Georg von Siemens
451:Philipp Schmieder
419:Free-minded Union
384:Otto von Bismarck
314:Frederick William
302:Georg von Siemens
238:
237:
225:Political parties
145:Free-minded Union
137:Succeeded by
90:5 March 1884
16:(Redirected from
1115:
931:National liberal
864:
863:
787:
780:
773:
764:
763:
744:Preceded by
731:1884–1893
719:Preceded by
716:
715:
710:
709:
701:
695:
694:
688:
684:
682:
674:
666:
660:
659:
651:
642:
531:Ludwig Bamberger
519:Reinhart Schmidt
443:Heinrich Berling
298:Ludwig Bamberger
249:
208:
158:
118:
116:
111:
100:
98:
93:
30:
29:
21:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1093:Radical parties
1063:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1018:
990:
948:
925:
853:
835:
797:
791:
757:
749:
739:
730:
724:
714:
713:
702:
698:
686:
685:
676:
675:
667:
663:
652:
648:
631:
594:
566:Theodor Mommsen
556:Albert Kalthoff
487:Friedrich Witte
475:Paul Langerhans
471:Alexander Meyer
459:Adolph Hoffmann
435:
433:Notable members
411:Leo von Caprivi
330:parliamentarism
304:as well as the
296:The economists
294:
245:
234:
206:
183:
181:Parliamentarism
179:
175:
171:
154:
143:
129:
114:
112:
109:
108:7 May 1893
96:
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81:
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63:
51:
40:
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36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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947:
946:
941:
935:
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927:
926:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
872:
870:
868:Social liberal
861:
855:
854:
852:
851:
845:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
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790:
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782:
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661:
645:
644:
630:
627:
626:
625:
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615:
610:
605:
600:
593:
590:
589:
588:
586:Rudolf Virchow
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
507:Asmus Lorenzen
495:August Munckel
479:Albert Traeger
434:
431:
377:anti-socialist
353:Rudolf Virchow
332:in the German
293:
290:
236:
235:
233:
232:
227:
222:
216:
213:
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204:
200:
199:
194:
188:
187:
166:
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152:
148:
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138:
134:
133:
124:
123:Merger of
120:
119:
106:
102:
101:
88:
84:
83:
70:
66:
65:
61:Rudolf Virchow
58:
54:
53:
46:
42:
41:
37:
34:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1120:
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871:
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832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
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812:
809:
808:
806:
804:
800:
795:
788:
783:
781:
776:
774:
769:
768:
765:
756:
748:
747:Liberal Union
742:
738:
729:
723:
717:
707:
700:
692:
680:
672:
665:
657:
650:
646:
643:
640:
636:
635:Tillich, Paul
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
595:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
571:Eugen Richter
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:Theodor Barth
534:
532:
529:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
503:August Maager
500:
499:Eugen Richter
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:Julius Lerche
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
382:
378:
374:
370:
369:protectionist
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:Liberal Party
319:
315:
311:
310:Eugen Richter
307:
303:
299:
289:
287:
283:
282:Liberal Union
279:
275:
274:German Empire
271:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
205:
201:
198:
195:
193:
189:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
146:
142:
139:
135:
132:
131:Liberal Union
128:
125:
121:
107:
103:
89:
85:
79:
78:Karl Schrader
74:
73:Eugen Richter
71:
67:
62:
59:
55:
50:
47:
43:
31:
19:
1052:Danish Party
1047:Polish Party
958:Conservative
895:
727:
705:
699:
670:
664:
655:
649:
638:
632:
561:Ludwig Loewe
546:Albert Hänel
455:Moritz Klotz
447:Erwin Lüders
425:to form the
403:progressives
400:
379:policies of
365:Conservative
349:Albert Hänel
346:
295:
262:
258:
241:
239:
155:
1024:Regionalist
996:Antisemitic
687:|work=
523:Max Broemel
373:colonialist
308:politician
197:Centre-left
75:(1884–1890)
64:(1884–1893)
52:(1884–1893)
1067:Categories
629:References
608:Liberalism
551:Max Hirsch
467:Paul Kohli
396:William II
381:Chancellor
173:Radicalism
169:Liberalism
115:1893-05-07
97:1884-03-05
803:Socialist
689:ignored (
679:cite book
386:. In the
318:Reichstag
247:‹See Tfd›
230:Elections
151:Newspaper
105:Dissolved
841:Catholic
706:Bismarck
592:See also
417:and the
292:Policies
280:and the
164:Ideology
859:Liberal
306:liberal
272:in the
267:liberal
203:Colours
185:Laicism
113: (
95: (
87:Founded
324:under
251:German
210:Yellow
207:
80:(1890)
270:party
261:) or
691:help
405:and
375:and
351:and
340:and
300:and
240:The
489:,
485:,
473:,
469:,
465:,
461:,
259:DFP
1069::
683::
681:}}
677:{{
521:,
517:,
513:,
509:,
505:,
501:,
497:,
493:,
481:,
477:,
457:,
453:,
449:,
445:,
429:.
371:,
344:.
336:,
288:.
257:,
253::
786:e
779:t
772:v
693:)
525:.
244:(
117:)
99:)
20:)
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