530:
933:
515:
75:
336:, 9 males reportedly averaged 2.32 kg (5.1 lb) and 2.1 kg (4.6 lb) in six females, which if accurate, would make the glaucous gull the heaviest gull and shorebird in the world if not (as far as is known) the largest in length on average. These gulls range from 55 to 77 cm (22 to 30 in) in length and can span 132 to 170 cm (52 to 67 in), with some specimens possibly attaining 182 cm (72 in), across the wings. Among standard measurements, the
311:
196:
506:
50:
31:
303:
483:
327:, the oft-titled largest gull species. In some areas, glaucous gulls are about the same weight as great black-backed gulls or even heavier, and their maximum weight is greater. They can weigh from 960 to 2,700 g (2.12 to 5.95 lb), with the sexes previously reported to average 1.55 kg (3.4 lb) in males and 1.35 kg (3.0 lb) in females. At the colony on
489:
487:
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318:
This is a large and powerful gull, second-largest of all gull species and very pale in all plumage, with no black on either the wings or the tail. Adults are pale grey above, with a thick, yellow bill. Juveniles are very pale grey with a pink and black bill. This species is considerably larger,
486:
331:
in Canada, the gulls are nearly 15% heavier than some other known populations, with a mean weight 1.86 kg (4.1 lb) in five males and 1.49 kg (3.3 lb) in seven females. One other study claimed even higher weights for glaucous gulls, as on
952:
485:
469:
This species of seagull breeds colonially or singly on coasts and cliffs, making a lined nest on the ground or cliff. Normally, two to four light brown eggs with dark brown splotches are laid.
423:
to north-west Canada - the smallest subspecies, with a darker mantle, shorter bill and longer wings than hyperboreus. First-year immature is generally darker and more strongly-marked than
529:
784:. Vol. 2. Israel, in 1968.]: Publishing House Sovietskaya Nauka, Moscow, USSR. [English translation by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem.
476:
gulls, and they eat fish, insects, molluscs, starfish, offal, scraps, eggs, small birds, small mammals, and carrion, as well as seeds, berries, and grains.
1886:
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1961:
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800:, The Birds of North America (P. G. Rodewald, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America:
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227:, which appears to have referred to a gull or other large seabird. The specific name
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and denotes the grey colour of the gull. An older
English name for this species is
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is 6 to 7.7 cm (2.4 to 3.0 in). They take four years to reach maturity.
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The call is a "laughing" cry similar to that of the herring gull, but deeper.
1955:
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294:. A few birds sometimes reach the southern USA and northern Mexico.
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218:, the second-largest gull in the world. The genus name is from
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1063:
1041:
219:
146:
1028:
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341:
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116:
290:
and northernmost states of the United States, also on the
1180:
Vega gull (or East
Siberian gull / Mongolian gull)
406:
with bright raspberry pink legs (possibly due to diet).
802:
https://birdsna.org/Species-Account/bna/species/glagul
560:
340:
is 40.8 to 50.1 cm (16.1 to 19.7 in), the
637:
344:is 4.9 to 6.9 cm (1.9 to 2.7 in) and the
753:
638:
586:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22694343A132544122.en
1953:
1054:(† indicates a species confirmed to be extinct)
796:Weiser, Emily and H. Grant Gilchrist. (2012).
1013:
319:bulkier, and thicker-billed than the similar
780:Dementiev, G. P. and N. A. Gladkov. (1951).
752:Olsen, Klaus Malling; Larsson, Hans (2004).
751:
610:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1027:
721:
696:
245:
228:
222:
1232:Great black-headed gull (or Pallas's gull)
1020:
1006:
931:
868:. Hans Larsson. London: Christopher Helm.
398:: found from north-western Siberia to the
323:, and can sometimes equal the size of the
194:
48:
29:
584:
535:In flight with great black-backed gulls,
836:
830:
792:
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756:Gulls of North America, Europe, and Asia
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865:Gulls of Europe, Asia and North America
747:
745:
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606:
454:Gulls of Europe, Asia and North America
1954:
1333:Grey-headed gull (or grey-hooded gull)
665:
1516:
1515:
1001:
861:
787:
613:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.
456:consider it synonymous with nominate
440:: found from north-central Canada to
402:- the largest subspecies, paler than
1721:193bdab5-3cf8-410b-bd8b-eb6a6b97f7f6
740:
659:participating institution membership
1962:IUCN Red List least concern species
910:, Alaska Seabird Information Series
807:
690:
572:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
270:and winters south to shores of the
13:
1982:Taxa named by Johan Ernst Gunnerus
722:Dunning Jr., John B., ed. (1992).
715:
697:Dunning Jr., John B., ed. (2008).
631:
600:
14:
1998:
971:Audio recordings of Glaucous gull
894:
839:Seabirds: An Identification Guide
798:Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus)
724:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
699:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
233:is Latin for "northern" from the
528:
513:
504:
481:
452:. Olsen & Larsson (2003) in
73:
1757:glaucous-gull-larus-hyperboreus
988:Field Guide: Birds of the World
914:BirdLife species factsheet for
855:
561:BirdLife International (2018).
448:- Averages slightly paler than
257:
774:
760:. Princeton University Press.
472:These are omnivores like most
297:
278:, wintering from in the North
1:
862:Olsen, Klaus Malling (2003).
841:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
547:
354:
955:at VIREO (Drexel University)
240:people from the far north "
7:
953:Glaucous gull photo gallery
701:(2nd ed.). CRC Press.
286:Oceans as far south as the
10:
2003:
823:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
782:Ptitsi Sovietskogo Soyuza
464:
1524:
1491:
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1437:
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1394:
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1210:
1061:
1040:
959:Interactive range map of
646:Oxford English Dictionary
607:Jobling, James A (2010).
579:: e.T22694343A132544122.
193:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1195:Lesser black-backed gull
1123:Kelp gull (or Cape gull)
945:Internet Bird Collection
837:Harrison, Peter (1991).
677:National Audubon Society
1977:Birds described in 1767
1118:Great black-backed gull
651:Oxford University Press
325:great black-backed gull
1501:Hybridisation in gulls
1424:Black-legged kittiwake
804:. DOI: 10.2173/bna.573
381:, found from northern
315:
307:
246:
229:
223:
1895:Paleobiology Database
1165:American herring gull
1160:European herring gull
940:"Glaucous gull media"
313:
305:
1716:Fauna Europaea (new)
1429:Red-legged kittiwake
1128:Glaucous-winged gull
359:The four recognized
262:This gull breeds in
1972:Birds of the Arctic
1483:Swallow-tailed gull
1358:Slender-billed gull
923:"Larus hyperboreus"
649:(Online ed.).
392:L. h. pallidissimus
268:Northern Hemisphere
161:L. hyperboreus
40:Conservation status
1242:Mediterranean gull
1170:Yellow-legged gull
1138:Yellow-footed gull
966:IUCN Red List maps
906:2010-05-27 at the
673:"Burgomaster Gull"
316:
308:
1949:
1948:
1939:Larus-hyperboreus
1581:Larus_hyperboreus
1556:Larus hyperboreus
1526:Larus hyperboreus
1518:Taxon identifiers
1509:
1508:
1496:Gull eggs as food
1353:Black-headed gull
1348:Brown-headed gull
1343:Black-billed gull
1328:Brown-hooded gull
1190:Slaty-backed gull
1103:Short-billed gull
1088:Black-tailed gull
982:Larus hyperboreus
961:Larus hyperboreus
916:Larus hyperboreus
848:978-0-395-60291-1
733:978-0-8493-4258-5
708:978-1-4200-6444-5
657:(Subscription or
624:978-1-4081-2501-4
565:Larus hyperboreus
495:Glaucous gull at
490:
439:
418:
410:L. h. barrovianus
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385:to north-western
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368:L. h. hyperboreus
211:Larus hyperboreus
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179:Larus hyperboreus
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1363:Bonaparte's gull
1108:Ring-billed gull
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520:Egg, collection
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431:L. h. leuceretes
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314:Immature plumage
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244:" is from Latin
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1368:Saunders's gull
1323:Hartlaub's gull
1312:Red-billed gull
1298:Chroicocephalus
1291:
1277:Franklin's gull
1251:
1222:White-eyed gull
1206:
1113:California gull
1093:Heermann's gull
1057:
1036:
1026:
938:
921:
908:Wayback Machine
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819:All About Birds
815:"Glaucous Gull"
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1237:Audouin's gull
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1200:Heuglin's gull
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1078:Belcher's gull
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1272:Laughing gull
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1185:Armenian gull
1183:
1181:
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1163:
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1154:
1153:Thayer's gull
1151:
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1146:
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1143:Glaucous gull
1141:
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901:Glaucous gull
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875:0-7136-7087-8
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235:Ancient Greek
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214:) is a large
213:
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206:glaucous gull
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170:Binomial name
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1396:Rhodostethia
1395:
1378:Hydrocoloeus
1377:
1317:Huahine gull
1296:
1267:Dolphin gull
1256:
1211:
1175:Caspian gull
1148:Iceland gull
1142:
1133:Western gull
1083:Olrog's gull
1073:Pacific gull
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497:De Cocksdorp
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329:Coats Island
321:Iceland gull
317:
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258:Distribution
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178:
176:
160:
159:
147:
18:
1908:SeaLifeBase
1817:NatureServe
1765:iNaturalist
1550:Wikispecies
1404:Ross's gull
1386:Little gull
1338:Andean gull
1307:Silver gull
1258:Leucophaeus
1247:Relict gull
1213:Ichthyaetus
1098:Common gull
592:19 November
458:hyperboreus
450:hyperboreus
425:hyperboreus
404:hyperboreus
298:Description
292:Great Lakes
252:burgomaster
238:Huperboreoi
230:hyperboreus
1956:Categories
1934:Xeno-canto
1447:Ivory gull
1227:Sooty gull
1035:: Laridae)
975:Xeno-canto
682:14 October
661:required.)
640:"Glaucous"
548:References
400:Bering Sea
361:subspecies
355:Subspecies
338:wing chord
282:and North
1439:Pagophila
1287:Grey gull
1282:Lava gull
442:Greenland
276:migratory
272:Holarctic
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1822:2.101458
1809:22694343
1783:10981907
1617:22694343
1612:BirdLife
1601:BioLib:
1535:Wikidata
1475:Creagrus
904:Archived
884:57006518
379:nominate
373:Gunnerus
280:Atlantic
242:Glaucous
186:Gunnerus
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1734:2481127
1643:bob5990
1589:Avibase
1051:Species
927:Avibase
617:, 219.
541:Ontario
465:Ecology
446:Iceland
436:Schleep
415:Ridgway
387:Siberia
284:Pacific
274:.It is
247:glaucus
143:Genus:
137:Laridae
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1926:137145
1900:369045
1874:137145
1848:119637
1796:176808
1741:GNAB:
1690:EURING
1669:glagul
1630:glagul
1569:glagul
1541:Q27375
1033:family
993:Flickr
882:
872:
845:
827:(2011)
764:
730:
705:
621:
537:Ottawa
438:, 1819
421:Alaska
417:, 1886
383:Europe
375:, 1767
346:tarsus
264:Arctic
188:, 1767
1967:Larus
1921:WoRMS
1913:75055
1778:IRMNG
1708:96943
1677:EUNIS
1664:eBird
1656:3SBQG
1415:Rissa
1064:Larus
1042:Genus
1029:Gulls
655:
474:Larus
363:are:
224:larus
220:Latin
148:Larus
1882:ODNR
1869:OBIS
1843:NCBI
1804:IUCN
1791:ITIS
1770:4349
1729:GBIF
1695:5990
1682:1111
1604:8701
1457:Xema
880:OCLC
870:ISBN
843:ISBN
762:ISBN
728:ISBN
703:ISBN
684:2021
619:ISBN
594:2021
577:2018
444:and
342:bill
216:gull
204:The
117:Aves
1861:255
1830:NBN
1752:IBC
1651:CoL
1638:BTO
1625:BOW
1576:ADW
1565:ABA
991:on
985:in
973:on
964:at
615:198
581:doi
377::
1958::
1936::
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789:^
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770:.
736:.
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686:.
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627:.
596:.
583::
567:"
563:"
460:.
427:.
208:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
