143:
101:
294:
131:
88:
257:, refused to comply with the order to relocate. Efforts by the Spanish army in 1754 to forcefully remove the Guaraní from the missions failed. On 10 February 1756, a combined force of 3,000 Spanish and Portuguese soldiers fought the Guaraní at the battle of Caiboaté. It resulted in the death of 1,511 Guaraní, while the Europeans suffered only 4 deaths. In the aftermath of the battle, the joint Spanish-Portuguese army occupied the seven missions.
31:
320:
After the defeat of the Guaraní rebels, the
Spanish and Portuguese forced the Guaraní to abandon the seven missions that had been ceded to Portugal in the Treaty of Madrid and to move to Spanish controlled lands. According to a census conducted in 1756, the Guaraní population from the seven missions
311:
Hostilities resumed in 1756 when an army of 3,000 Spanish, Portuguese, and native auxiliary soldiers under José de
Andonaegui and Freire de Andrade was sent to subdue the Guaraní rebels. On 7 February 1756, Sepé Tiaraju was killed in a skirmish with Spanish and Portuguese troops. Three days later,
279:
who sought to capture the Guaraní to sell them in Brazil. The Guaraní were levied to fight for Spain in several colonial conflicts against the
Portuguese. The Treaty of Madrid was signed in 1750 to end an ongoing colonial border conflict between Spain and Portugal. The treaty ceded the outpost of
284:
to Spain and set the border between the two colonial empires as the
Uruguay River. This new border ceded significant land to Portugal, including seven Jesuit Reductions. The Guaraní living in the seven mission settlements refused to move out of the lands that were ceded to Portugal, or to accept
312:
the Guaraní were defeated at the battle of
Caiboaté. 1,511 Guaraní were killed and 152 taken prisoner, while 4 Spanish and Portuguese were killed and about 30 were wounded. Following the defeat of the Guaraní, the Jesuit missions were occupied by Spanish and Portuguese forces.
321:
was 14,284, which was about 15,000 less than the population in 1750. The former Jesuit missions were occupied by the
Portuguese until 1759 when Spain unilaterally ended the Treaty of Madrid and reclaimed the lands of the seven missions. The border of the
272:
The Jesuit missions were established in the early 17th century by
Spanish Jesuit missionaries. For most of the history of the missions, the Guaraní fought against Luso-Brazilian slavers and explorers known as
308:
and the combined
Portuguese and Spanish forces commanded by Gomes Freire de Andrade. By the end of 1754 an armistice was signed between the Guaraní and the Spanish and Portuguese forces.
304:
In 1754, Spanish and
Portuguese military forces were dispatched to force the Guaraní to leave the area. There was inconclusive fighting throughout 1754 between Guaraní rebels under
171:
856:
250:. These missions were some of the most populous in South America with 26,362 inhabitants, according to a Jesuit census, and many more in the surrounding areas.
297:
Modern depiction of Sepé Tiaraju, the leader of the Guaraní rebels, in the Rio Grande do Sul Epic
Memorial, at the entrance of the Mercado Station of the
135:
959:
934:
712:
665:
618:
571:
929:
861:
424:
322:
220:
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234:, with Portugal possessing the land east of the river. The seven Jesuit missions east of the Uruguay River, known as the
954:
224:
397:
909:
470:
Jackson, Robert H. (Winter 2008). "The Population and Vital Rates of the Jesuit Missions of Paraguay, 1700–1767".
949:
944:
688:
641:
594:
547:
522:
238:, were to be dismantled and relocated on the Spanish western side of the river. The seven missions were called
904:
326:
796:
Jackson, Robert H. (2008). "The Population and Vital Rates of the Jesuit Missions of Paraguay, 1700–1767".
753:
Jackson, Robert H. (2008). "The Population and Vital Rates of the Jesuit Missions of Paraguay, 1700–1767".
239:
914:
899:
227:, which set a line of demarcation between Spanish and Portuguese colonial territory in South America.
939:
261:
348:
features the titular character's run-in with both the Portuguese and Jesuits during the Guaraní War;
894:
873:
147:
726:
Owens, David James (1993). "Spanish–Portuguese Territorial Rivalry in Colonial Río de la Plata".
443:
Owens, David James (1993). "Spanish–Portuguese Territorial Rivalry in Colonial Río de la Plata".
366:
867:
879:
281:
843:
8:
924:
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In 1754 the Jesuits surrendered control of the missions, but the Guaraní peoples, led by
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246:, San Lorenzo Martir, San Nicolás, San Juan Bautista, San Luis Gonzaga, and
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The Jesuit Suppression in Global Context: Causes, Events, and Consequences
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Location of the most important jesuit missions, with current borders
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They built Utopia : the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, 1610–1768
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They built Utopia : the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, 1610–1768
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They built Utopia : the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, 1610–1768
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They built Utopia : the Jesuit missions in Paraguay, 1610–1768
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and joint Spanish-Portuguese forces. It was a result of the 1750
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392:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 91.
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Eventually, Spain and Portugal annulled the 1750 treaty in the
30:
846:– from The Guaraní Under Spanish Rule in the Río de la Plata.
515:
They Built Utopia: The Jesuit Missions in Paraguay, 1610–1768
517:. Potomac, Maryland: Scripta Humanistica. pp. 116–117.
59:, South America (present-day Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay)
636:. Potomac, Md.: Scripta Humanistica. pp. 191–192.
589:. Potomac, Md.: Scripta Humanistica. pp. 172–173.
445:
Yearbook (Conference of Latin Americanist Geographers)
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The boundary drawn up between the two nations was the
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The Guarani under Spanish Rule in the Rio de la Plata
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Yearbook. Conference of Latin Americanist Geographers
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The Guarani Under Spanish Rule in the Rio de la Plata
683:. Potomac, Md.: Scripta Humanistica. p. 194.
542:. Potomac, Md.: Scripta Humanistica. p. 171.
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711:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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617:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
570:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
870:– review of the book by Barbara Anne Ganson
413:Jeffrey D. Burson; Jonathan Wright (2015).
419:. Cambridge University Press. p. 84.
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16:1756 conflict in South America
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513:Reiter, Frederick J. (1995).
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880:the Guarani and the Jesuits
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213:War of the Seven Reductions
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878:Harvard Review article on
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262:Treaty of El Pardo (1761)
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862:The Madrid Treaty – 1750
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857:History of the Guarani
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282:Colonia del Sacramento
248:San Francisco de Borja
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120:Commanders and leaders
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905:Wars involving Spain
842:Barbara Anne Ganson
47:1754 - February 1756
351:The 1769 epic poem
236:Misiones Orientales
136:Gomes F. de Andrade
57:Misiones Orientales
333:In popular culture
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299:Porto Alegre Metro
209:Guerra Guaranítica
201:Guerra Guaranítica
148:José de Andonaegui
915:Conflicts in 1756
900:Colonial Paraguay
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367:The Mission
244:Santo Ángel
197:Guaraní War
24:Guaraní War
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889:Categories
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375:References
268:Background
240:San Miguel
205:Portuguese
199:(Spanish:
826:144977776
783:144977776
734:: 15–24.
707:cite book
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500:144977776
354:O Uraguai
329:in 1777.
316:Aftermath
186:3,000 men
818:20143650
775:20143650
740:25765781
699:32427398
652:32427398
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558:32427398
492:20143650
457:25765781
346:Voltaire
323:La Plata
289:Conflict
181:Strength
94:Portugal
52:Location
920:Guaraní
341:Candide
217:Guaraní
189:Unknown
165:†
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488:JSTOR
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106:Spain
713:link
695:OCLC
685:ISBN
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638:ISBN
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601:OCLC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
