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to Manila, where he remained for several months. In
November 1942 the Japanese sought Fort's help in talking to the Moro people, who had started a new rebellion against the occupying forces. Specifically, Fort was supposed to tell the Moro that since the U.S. Army had surrendered they must also
486:
Fort's 81st
Division began fighting on April 29, 1942, against the better organized and equipped Japanese army. For the next few weeks Fort's Lanao force engaged in continual fighting, resulting in heavy Japanese casualties. However, the Japanese also continually pushed the defenders back.
498:
After making a last-ditch stand against the
Japanese on Mindanao, Fort received orders to surrender from his higher command. While Fort protested these orders, he ultimately obeyed them and surrendered his forces on May 27, 1942. Fort's surrender was fiercely opposed by the
367:
Fort settled in the
Philippines with his first wife, Marguerite Eugine Fort, who died in 1927 shortly after giving birth to their second son. He later married again, with his second wife Mary Angeles Adams dying at the start of World War II. His great-granddaughter was
382:
Fort regularly wrote home to family in
Gloversville, and during the 1930s said he considered retiring and returning to the United States. However, he lacked a copy of his birth certificate and was unsure if he'd be allowed back, or if he could find a job during the
337:
883:," database with images, FamilySearch, Mary Angeles Adams in entry for Lee Donald Fort, August 26, 1935; citing Birth, Manila, Metropolitan Manila, Philippines, Civil Registry Office, City Hall of Manila; FHL microfilm 1,511,235.
422:, Fort was noted for both studying and observing the rituals and customs of the people he served among and for convincing outlaw bands to lay down their arms. In particular, Fort was known among the Americans as an expert on the
328:. After fighting a last-ditch stand, Fort was ordered by his higher command to surrender and be taken prisoner by Japanese forces. His captors demanded Fort help persuade his former soldiers engaged in
588:
There is controversy over what happened to Fort's body. According to the U.S. government, Fort's body was never recovered, resulting in his name being engraved on the tablets of the missing at the
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by Louis Morton, Office of the Chief of
Military History, Department of the Army, 1953, re-released in 1998, re-released in electronic edition by Pickle Partners Publishing in 2014, page 515.
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by Louis Morton, Office of the Chief of
Military History, Department of the Army, 1953, re-released in electronic edition by Pickle Partners Publishing in 2014, page 514.
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The division fought longer than other army groups before surrendering and made use of demolitions to close one of the main roads through the island.
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592:. However, a former prisoner of war and later provincial governor named Ignacio S. Cruz said he located Fort's remains and turned them over to the
567:
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edited by Luis Q. Lacar, Gabino T. Puno, and
Ricardo Jorge S. Caluen, Coordination Center for Research and Development MSU-IIT, 1990, page 108.
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Along with Fort, 46 Americans and some 300 Filipinos under his command also surrendered, with the
Americans ordered by their overall commander
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870:"Soldier's story a little-known tale of bravery" by Stephen Williams, The Daily Gazette (Schenectady, New York), March 19, 2011, page B1.
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by Evelyn
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1090:," Headquarters Eight Army, United States Army, Office of the Staff Judge Advocate, Yokohama, Japan, November 22, 1948, page 3.
511:. However, despite surrendering Fort let the Maranaos claim the U.S. Army's rifles and equipment, which they would then use in
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596:. In 2017 Fort's granddaughter and six other families of missing soldiers filed a lawsuit against the U.S. government's
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later sentenced Tanaka to death by hanging for the executions of Fort and three other Americans, and he was executed at
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600:. The families are seeking an order to exhume the bodies of Fort and others and do DNA tests to identify the remains.
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566:. Reportedly, Fort's last words were "You may get me but you will never get the United States of America." An Allied
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in the Philippines before being discharged in 1902. Two years later he was commissioned as a 3rd Lieutenant in the
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Christian-Moslem Guerillas of Mindanao by Uldarico S. Baclagon, Lord Ave. Printing Press, Manila, 1988, page 19.
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In November 1941, facing the pending Japanese invasion of the Philippines, the constabulary became part of the
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1124:"The Battle of Tamparan: A Maranao Response to the Japanese Occupation of Mindanao" by Midori Kawashima, from
979:"The Mindanao Death March: Establishing a Historical Fact through Online Research" by Robert John A. Donesaa,
916:"The Battle of Tamparan: A Maranao Response to the Japanese Occupation of Mindanao" by Midori Kawashima, from
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to be executed by enemy forces. However, he is not the only American general officer to die at enemy hands.
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Aside from a stint as a plantation manager from 1917 to 1922, Fort remained with the constabulary until
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Wendell Fertig and His Guerrilla Forces in the Philippines: Fighting the Japanese Occupation, 1942–1945
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407:-style police force under American control. As a member of the constabulary, he helped suppress the
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by Dean C. Worcester, CHAPTER XIV: The Philippine Constabulary and Public Order, 1914, page 201.
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Guy Osborne Fort was born in 1879 to Jacob Marvin Fort and Lena Fulkerson in Kellerville,
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Wisconsin man among families suing government to identify remains of unknown soldiers
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1115:"Death Sentence for Japanese," Reno Gazette-Journal, October 8, 1948, page 14.
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United States Army in World War 2, War in the Pacific, Fall of the Philippines
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United States Army in World War 2, War in the Pacific, Fall of the Philippines
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alongside other captive generals, including his direct commander Sharp plus
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for his sector. Foreseeing defeat, he also prepared his division to wage
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781:"The Philippines Never Surrendered" by Edward M. Kuder and Pete Martin,
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Fallen in Battle: American General Officer Combat Fatalities from 1775
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War Hero’s Family Suing in Its Decades-Long Fight to Identify Remains
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by R. Manning Ancell with Christine M. Miller, Greenwood Press, 1996.
543:
526:. After Fort's surrender he was shipped north on the small freighter
1128:
edited by Paul H. Kratoska, Routledge Curzon, 2002, pages 223–243.
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edited by Paul H. Kratoska, Routledge Curzon, 2002, pages 223–243.
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to tell the Moro to surrender. However, Fort refused to cooperate.
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Biographical Dictionary of World War II Generals and Flag Officers
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460:. On December 20, 1941, Fort was promoted to brigadier general.
1106:," American Graves Registration Service, X-618, March 27, 1950.
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by Bob Stahl, University Press of Kentucky, 2001, pages 66–67.
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and executed by a firing squad under the order of Lt. Colonel
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Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on Local History
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Undefeated: America's Heroic Fight for Bataan and Corregidor
1180:," Military Times Hall of Valor. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
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International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change
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by Bob Stahl, University Press of Kentucky, 2001, page 56.
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Southeast Asian Minorities in the Wartime Japanese Empire
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Southeast Asian Minorities in the Wartime Japanese Empire
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by Gregory Michno, Naval Institute Press, 2016, page 34.
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by Russell K. Brown, Greenwood Press, 1988, pages 40–41.
418:, advancing to the rank of Colonel. Stationed mainly in
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
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Military history of the Philippines during World War II
1154:" By Matthew M. Burke, Stars and Stripes, May 26, 2017.
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groups staged revenge attacks against Japanese forces.
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where he organized and outfitted several battalions of
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People executed in the Philippines during World War II
1141:," AmericanBattleGraves.com. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
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Families of World War II MIAs sue to identify remains
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by Bill Sloan, Simon & Schuster, 2012, page 263.
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United States Army personnel killed in World War II
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881:Philippines, Manila, Civil Registration, 1899–1984
787:, March 10, 1945, Vol. 217, Issue 37, pages 9-10.
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547:surrender. Fort was brought from Manila back to
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1088:United States of America Vs. Yoshinari Tanaka
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538:. After the war Roxas would become the first
1032:"The Resistance Movement in Lanao 1942–1945"
963:Fugitives: Evading and Escaping the Japanese
893:Fugitives: Evading and Escaping the Japanese
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304:(January 1, 1879 – November 11, 1942) was a
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387:. His last letter home was in April 1939.
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1022:by Kent Holmes, McFarland, 2015, page 23.
450:United States Army Forces in the Far East
314:United States Army Forces in the Far East
1336:People executed by Japan by firing squad
1276:Philippine Army generals of World War II
1167:" by Jessica Arp, WISC-TV, May 26, 2017.
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1104:Identification of World war II Deceased
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225:Japanese occupation of the Philippines
594:American Graves Registration Service
1266:People from Traverse City, Michigan
983:volume 11, issue 7, 2020, page 771.
522:not to flee into the hills or face
395:Fort served for three years in the
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1271:People from Gloversville, New York
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1178:Valor awards for Guy Osborne Fort
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619:Army Distinguished Service Medal
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542:. Fort was then escorted by the
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391:Military and constabulary career
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712:Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal
686:American Defense Service Medal
452:. That month Fort was sent to
276:Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal
266:American Defense Service Medal
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688:with "Foreign Service" clasp
326:Japanese invasion of Malabang
295:Mary Angeles Adams, died 1941
293:Marguerite E. Fort, died 1927
218:Japanese invasion of Malabang
78:Japanese-occupied Philippines
830:"Entry for Fort, Guy O." in
551:(then known as Dansalan) on
540:president of the Philippines
360:. The family later moved to
338:was executed by firing squad
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1301:Philippines in World War II
458:81st Division (Philippines)
318:81st Division (Philippines)
168:81st Division (Philippines)
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727:World War II Victory Medal
463:Fort took his division to
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372:child actress, singer and
356:, in an area now known as
271:World War II Victory Medal
1321:Executed military leaders
784:The Saturday Evening Post
661:Philippine Campaign Medal
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494:Surrender and execution
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401:Philippine Constabulary
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173:Philippine Constabulary
53:Traverse City, Michigan
1068:Death on the Hellships
483:against the Japanese.
362:Gloversville, New York
332:to stop resisting the
1139:Entry for Guy O. Fort
949:" by Dave Phillipps,
647:Prisoner of War Medal
438:Further information:
261:Prisoner of War Medal
128:Years of service
204:Philippines campaign
714:with campaign star
568:war crimes tribunal
336:. Fort refused and
320:during the initial
84:Cause of death
951:The New York Times
118:United States Army
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513:guerrilla warfare
481:guerrilla warfare
330:guerrilla warfare
306:brigadier general
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63:November 11, 1942
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527:
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497:
489:
485:
462:
443:
434:World War II
416:World War II
413:
394:
381:
366:
351:
301:
300:
256:Purple Heart
194:World War II
182:Battles/wars
65:(1942-11-11)
18:
1251:1942 deaths
1246:1879 births
1218:Philippines
424:Moro people
405:gendarmerie
302:Guy O. Fort
206:(1941–1942)
199:Pacific War
25:Guy O. Fort
1240:Categories
761:References
754:with star
507:people in
503:and other
377:Julie Vega
334:occupation
94:Allegiance
46:1879-01-27
852:USA Today
576:guerrilla
544:Kempeitai
290:Spouse(s)
131:1899–1942
1193:Guy Fort
560:Dansalan
553:Mindanao
528:Maru San
509:Mindanao
469:Mindanao
420:Mindanao
370:Filipina
354:Michigan
324:and the
161:Commands
104:Service/
74:Mindanao
1204:Portals
501:Maranao
308:in the
208: (
156:O952305
549:Marawi
428:Agusan
244:Awards
227:
115:
106:branch
70:Marawi
55:, U.S.
454:Bohol
374:model
534:and
505:Moro
403:, a
348:Life
136:Rank
60:Died
40:Born
1195:at
467:in
211:POW
1242::
1095:^
1075:^
1000:^
970:^
934:^
859:^
839:^
823:^
792:^
768:^
515:.
430:.
411:.
379:.
214:)
76:,
72:,
1206::
1176:"
1163:"
1150:"
1137:"
1102:"
1086:"
945:"
879:"
846:"
48:)
44:(
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