904:
1290:
821:
Scandinavia, the chronicle reports that
Haraldr became reconciled with Hákon, who restored him to the kingship. The source reveals that the boundaries of his kingdom were carefully defined by Hákon as the islands which had been previously ruled by Haraldr's father, his uncle (Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson), and his paternal grandfather. The Norwegian king, therefore, not only deliberately excluded the island territories ruled by Clann Somhairle, but limited the possibility of Haraldr becoming in drawn into alignment with Scottish interests like some leading members of Clann Somhairle had been. Upon his return to the Isles, the chronicle states that the Manxmen rejoiced at his arrival; and declares that he afterwards reigned quietly and peacefully, enjoying an alliance of friendship with both the English and Scottish Crowns.
980:
830:
785:". The precise identity of this man is uncertain. One possibility is that he is identical to Lochlann's foster-son. If the chronicle is in error in its account of the maritime demise of Guðrøðr Óláfsson, and he is indeed identical to the like-named Manx prince on record in Wales, his activities outside the kingdom of his forefathers may have been a consequence of the troubles following the Haraldr's accession. The chronicle's account of the flight to Wales may, therefore, reveal that Lochlann tried and failed to replace Haraldr with an otherwise unknown younger son of Óláfr. If so, the episode would appear to be yet another example of the Crovan dynasty enduring internal strife.
761:, Guðrøðr Óláfsson. There, somewhere along the northern Welsh coast, the chronicle claims that their ship was lost, with Lochlann and his foster-son amongst the dead. Quite why Lochlann was compelled to flee his sovereign is uncertain. The chronicle states that a friend of Haraldr had been slain in the uprising quelled by Lochlann, possibly indicate that the latter fled in fear of the king. Another possibility, is that Lochlann led a coalition opposed to Haraldr. Quite why Lochlann chose to Wales as his destination is also unknown, although the Crovan dynasty certainly had diplomatic and familial connections with the Welsh. In fact, a transaction between
1142:, was slain in Ireland battling the English. The knighting of Haraldr the year previous may well have entailed some act of submission to the Henry, and it is possible that Hákon had consequently recognised Mac Somhairle's kingship in the Isles in response to Haraldr's acceptance of English overtures. An alliance with a ruler of the Isles would have certainly benefited Henry's ongoing military operations in Ireland, and it is possible that it was such a pact that had prompted Mac Somhairle's involvement against the English. Haraldr's subsequent marriage to Cecilía, therefore, may have been a successful attempt by Hákon to lure Haraldr back to his side.
1282:. If such an identification is correct, and if Haraldr's mother was indeed Lauon of Clann Somhairle, the captive Dofnaldus would have been a close kinsman of Haraldr (perhaps a maternal uncle or maternal grandfather). In fact, Haraldr seems to have relied upon Hebridean support as opposed to Manx support during his reign. For example, the chronicle makes note of three sons of a certain Niall who supported Haraldr's cause early in his reign. It is possible that these men were related to a certain Domhnall mac Néill, an obscure figure who faced the brunt of a Scottish royal army in 1221. The latter's patronym suggests that he may have had Hebridean or
1151:
1115:, these sources reveal that Hákon gave the hand of his widowed daughter, Cecilía, in marriage to Haraldr. Throughout his long reign, Hákon endeavoured to strengthen his far-flung Norwegian realm. In regard to the Isles, his bestowal of Cecilía in matrimony to Haraldr brought relations between the rulers of the realms to its climax. The compilers of the chronicle clearly considered the union to have elevated Haraldr's prestige above that of his predecessors, as this source claims that Hákon had declared he would hold his new son-in-law "in great glory and exalt the throne of his kingdom above all who ruled before him in the Isles".
1251:
1240:
1320:. The apparent cooling of relations between Eóghan and Alexander, along with Haraldr's later demise, the resulting kin-strife concerning his succession, and Eóghan's subsequent acceptance of royal powers on Hákon's behalf, could all have contributed to the massed invasion into Argyll by Scottish royal forces within the year. After Alexander demanded Eóghan renounce his allegiance to Hákon, and ordered him to hand over certain mainland and island fortresses, Eóghan apparently withdrew into the northern Hebrides. The unfolding crisis only ended with the Scottish king's untimely death soon afterwards in July. According to
890:
717:
31:
813:
hereditary claim to the kingdom—Hákon ignored other potential claimants, such as other members of the Crovan dynasty and members of Clann
Somhairle. About a decade before, when Haraldr's father first gained complete control of the kingdom, Óláfr journeyed to Norway and may have rendered homage to Hákon. Later in 1235 Óláfr rendered homage to Henry, before being called back to Norway the following year. The episode concerning the ejection of Haraldr may well be related to his father's fealty to the English Crown, and appears to indicate that the latter was deposed for not fulfilling his duties as a Norwegian
944:), and the freedom from tolls and customs. The record of this document is the earliest evidence for mineral exploitation on the island, an industry that expanded throughout the island by the century's end. In another charter, Haraldr pledged the protection of the abbey's ships and goods. His amiable interactions with the English abbey contrasted the apparent aggression of his father, who was warned by the English king not to harm the monks or their property. In a further charter, evidenced from a sixteenth-century copy, Haraldr confirmed his father's earlier grant of the lands of "
306:. Although the latter was Guðrøðr Óláfsson's eldest son, and had the support of the Islesmen, Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson's mother was an uncanonical wife or concubine. Haraldr's father, on the other hand, was the product of canonically recognised marriage, and may well have been Guðrøðr Óláfsson's chosen successor. After a period of imprisonment, Rǫgnvaldr had Óláfr marry Lauon, the sister of his own wife. Óláfr, however, managed to have the union nullified, and married Cairistíona. Tensions between the half-brothers turned to outright warfare in the 1220s, in which Rǫgnvaldr's son,
244:
1189:, and the Icelandic annals indicate that Haraldr and Cecilía drowned whilst voyaging from Norway to the Isles. Whilst the former source laments that Harald's death "a cause of grief to all who had known him", the latter states that his death was the "greatest harm and ill-luck" to the Islsemen who "lost so suddenly such a prince, when his voyage to Norway had been so lucky". Since the wreckage of their vessel washed ashore from the south, the saga specifically states that the ship was thought to have been lost south of
703:
789:
1119:
1138:. Although 1247 was also the year of Hákon's royal coronation, and it is possible that the arrival of the Clann Somhairle dynasts was a result of the reimposition of Norwegian overlordship (as appears to have been the case with Haraldr), there may have been other reasons for the arrival of Eóghan and Dubhghall. For example, 1247 was also the year that a prominent member of Clann Somhairle, called "Mac Somhairle" in
7298:
1270:
only to be slain on 30 May by a man who appears to have been an accomplice of Rǫgnvaldr and
Haraldr's cousin, Haraldr Guðrøðarson. With Rǫgnvaldr out of the way, Haraldr Guðrøðarson successfully seized the throne, and replaced Haraldr's former supporters with proponents of his own. According to the chronicle, one of the men who suffered under Haraldr Guðrøðarson's regime was a certain chieftain called "
1077:
211:. The act itself brought Haraldr closer within the orbit of the English Crown. Late in 1247, however, Haraldr returned to Norway and married Hákon's daughter, Cecilía, and thereby bound himself closer to the Norwegian Crown. Whilst attempting to return to the Isles in the autumn of 1248, the newly-wed's ship was lost at sea south of
1883:
at the extremity of that
Archipelago, and from thence steer a course for Sumburgh Head, keeping to the westward of the Fair Isle. The only thing to be avoided in taking this plan, is getting involved in the furious tide race, known as Sumburgh Roost: this, as we found, extends some miles to the south
1005:
by Henry. The chronicle claims that the event took place in 1247, and elaborates that
Haraldr returned home with "much honour, and great gifts". Contemporary English administrative records, however, reveal that the deed took place early in 1246. Specifically, a letter of safe-conduct, issued by the
1269:
Haraldr's death led to what was the final stage of inter-dynastic strife amongst his family. News of
Haraldr and Cecilía's death does not appear to have reached Mann until the spring of 1249. According to the chronicle, Haraldr's younger brother, Rǫgnvaldr, succeeded to the kingship on 6 May 1249,
1307:
in maintaining control of the far-flung Norse colonies west over sea. Not only did the calamity deprive the
Islesmen of a capable king, but cost the Norwegian Crown a closely connected advocate in the region. Upon learning of the catastrophe, Hákon quickly sent Eóghan west over sea to temporarily
820:
Although
Haraldr attempted to oust Hákon's representatives on several occasions, his successive invasions of Mann from the Hebrides ultimately proved unsuccessful, and the chronicle indicates that he finally journeyed to Norway to render his submission. After a stay of about two or three years in
747:
After his father's death, Haraldr succeeded to the kingship. Unlike the reign of his father, who temporarily ruled a partitioned kingdom, and endured years of near catastrophic kin-strife, Haraldr appears to have ruled a whole kingdom, and his kingship does not seem to have suffered from serious
858:
not only transcribed two of
Haraldr's charters, but made drawings of the seals which were attached to them. The devices themselves were in poor condition by Hatton's time, as his illustrations show portions of them broken away. It is clear, however, that the seals bore a lion on one side, and a
1230:
by the chapter of Mann. Although
Laurence had presented himself in Norway to Haraldr and Sigurðr tapsi Indriðason, Archbishop of Niðaróss, the chronicle reveals that Haraldr had postponed his consecration until the former could be publicly elected in the Isles before king, clergy, and people.
812:
to his overlord in Norway. Hákon's delegates in the Isles—a certain Gospatric, and Giolla Críost mac Muircheartaigh—are described by the chronicle to have seized control of the island, and taken tribute which was due to the Norwegian king. By sending such emissaries—men apparently without any
752:
records that he sailed into the Hebridean portion of the kingdom, and left a kinsman named Lochlann as governor on Mann. Lochlann's tenure on the island led to factional strife, and when Haraldr made his return the following spring, the chronicle states that Lochlann fled the island for
1890:] in the swell, and kept vibrating backwards and forwards in these seething tides for weeks at a time. In passing the Roost you should either keep a good offing or steer close to the shore: the latter being I believe the surest method of avoiding the heavy overfalls [
222:
Haraldr was evidently a popular and capable king who appears to have garnered much of his support from the Hebridean portion of his realm. His untimely death, however, led to the continuation of the vicious kin-strife which had wracked the Crovan dynasty during his father's
748:
dynastic discord. Haraldr's young age at the time of his accession, and the fact that he had a potential rival in the person of Haraldr Guðrøðarson, suggests that Haraldr had been designated successor during his father's lifetime. Not long after his accession, the
293:
states that Óláfr died in 1237, and specifies that Haraldr was fourteen-years-old at the time. This would place his birth in about 1222 or 1223, at about the time that Óláfr married his second wife, indicating that either woman could have been Haraldr's mother.
803:
of the Kingdom of the Isles. It may well have been the place where the Islesmen publicly inaugurated their kings, proclaimed new laws, and resolved disputes. Be that as it may, much of the visible site dates only to the eighteenth-, nineteenth-, and twentieth
880:
to have done so "by the protection of his seal". To the kings of the Crovan dynasty, whose military strength laid in the power of armed galley-fleets, the symbol of such a vessel upon their seals represented the strength and authority they held in the Isles.
297:
Haraldr reigned during an apparent lull in an ongoing and vicious struggle over the kingship fought between two rival branches of the Crovan dynasty. This kin-strife had its origins in the late twelfth century, on the death of Haraldr's paternal grandfather,
849:
is Haraldr's paternal grandfather, who attached such a device to a confirmation charter granted in about 1154. Although none of the original seals borne by the Crovan dynasty have survived, several were documented by sixteenth- and seventeenth-century
664:
appears to have claimed ultimate authority in the Isles. In fact, on several occasions during the reigns of Haraldr's royal predecessors, leading Islesmen sought recognition and protection from Norwegian monarchs. The ruler of Norway during Haraldr's
5167:
Vestigia Insulæ Manniæ Antiquiora, or a Dissertation on the Armorial Bearings of the Isle of Man, the Regalities and Prerogatives of its Ancient Kings, and the Original Usages, Customs, Privileges, Laws, and Constitutional Government of the Manx
1878:
and Shetland, and in shaping a course from the main land of Scotland to Shetland some allowance ought to be made for this. Indeed, probably the best method of making the passage would he to keep the Orcadian land aboard till you reach the
163:
Early in his reign, Haraldr was forced to contend with an apparent coup perpetrated by a kinsman and perhaps an otherwise unknown younger brother. Following this, Haraldr was then ejected from Mann by envoys of his father's overlord,
1654:
The inscription of the vessel may date to about the time of the Crovan dynasty, possibly from about the eleventh- to the thirteenth century. The vessel appears to be similar to those that appear on seals borne by members of the
1324:, Alexander had made it clear that he had no intention of turning back until he had acquired control of the western Norwegian dominions within his sights. Within about two decades, such desires would be fully realised by his
871:
in 1731. Waxen seals affixed to acta not only served to authenticate the written documents, but also physically symbolise the authority and significance of them. For example, when Hákon formally confirmed the kingship of
318:, Óláfr and Guðrøðr Dond temporarily shared control of the Crovan dynasty's partitioned realm. When the latter was killed in 1231, Óláfr assumed control of the entire kingdom, and ruled it peacefully until his own death.
1767:
whilst ignoring other claimants. With the latter's untimely death not long afterwards, Hákon seems to have been responsible for the partitioning of the Crovan dynasty's domain between Óláfr, and Guðrøðr Dond, Óláfr's
1044:, this title appeared on the legend of seals borne by the dynasty. It is unknown whose emblems these men were referring to, although they may well have been those of Haraldr. These titles are an equivalent of the
921:
Existing remains of two Manx churches recorded in acta dating to Haraldr's reign. The church of St Runius was drastically altered in the eighteenth century. The church of St Ninian is largely a fourteenth-century
310:, was captured and mutilated by Óláfr. Rǫgnvaldr was slain battling Óláfr in 1229, after which the latter gained complete control of the kingdom. In the 1230s, during a period of heightened tensions between the
1278:". This man is stated to have been held in high esteem by Haraldr, but held a prisoner by Haraldr Guðrøðarson. Although the identity of this man is uncertain, he could be identical to Domhnall, the eponym of
1884:
of the Shetland Islands, and in rough weather the sea is frightful, even in calm weather the danger is considerable, and there are instances narrated of vessels which have been dismasted [
673:, a formidable ruler who spent the latter part of his reign focused on foreign policy and strengthening royal authority throughout far-flung Norse colonies such as the Isles. At the same time the
1722:("assembly"). These sites, and others now lost, may have been established before the dominance of Manx-based kings and their national assembly site. Although the Manx site is first noted by the
160:, although the identity of his mother is uncertain. When his father died in 1237, Haraldr succeeded to the kingship as a fourteen-year-old, and held the kingship for about a decade afterwards.
172:. Unable to overcome Hákon's supporters in the Isles, Haraldr eventually submitted to Hákon in Norway, and remained there for about two or three years before being restored in the Isles.
1813:, a man who met Hákon in 1248/1249, the year after the king's coronation. The emphasise that Matthew placed upon the Norwegian realm's sea power appears to be underscored in the
1826:
Cecilía was one of at least two illegitimate children of Hákon. Her mother was a certain Kanga, a woman of whom nothing else is known. Cecilía had previously been married to a
6387:
McDonald, RA (2016). "Sea Kings, Maritime Kingdoms and the Tides of Change: Man and the Isles and Medieval European Change, AD c1100–1265". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.).
5272:
1056:("king of the islands of the foreigners") first recorded in 989, a style almost certainly referring to Mann and the Hebrides. Other sources accord Haraldr similar titles. The
6652:
1391:
1130:
Whilst Haraldr was still in Norway, the saga states that two leading members of Clann Somhairle arrived at Hákon's court, with each seeking the kingship of the Isles:
5282:
Fœdera, Conventiones, Litteræ, Et Cujuscunque Generis Acta Publica, Inter Reges Angliæ, Et Alios Quosvis Imperatores, Reges, Pontifices, Principes, Vel Communitates
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in a tidal race known as Sumburgh Roost. News of Haraldr's demise appears to have reached Mann by the spring of 1249, whereupon his younger brother,
1206:
1158:
107:
191:, depicting a galley on one side and a lion on the other. Haraldr reigned during a period of competing claims to overlordship of the Isles by the
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4829:
1484:
6176:
6462:
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take up the kingship of the Isles on his behalf. Eóghan, however, was not only a Norwegian dependant in the Isles, but an immanent Scottish
7397:
4857:
Britannia, Sive Florentissimorum Regnorum Angliæ, Scotiæ, Hiberniae et Insularum Adjacentium ex Intima Antiquitate Chorographica Descriptio
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McDonald, RA (2012). "The Manx Sea Kings and the Western Oceans: The Late Norse Isle of Man in its North Atlantic Context, 1079–1265". In
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galley with sails furled on the other side. About a century later, the charters and seals, along with other priceless documents of the
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1364:
432:
252:
157:
137:
73:
1746:) suggests that it is quite old, perhaps dating to the ninth century. The hill is the site of the island's modern national assembly,
324:
Simplified pedigree of the Crovan dynasty depicting the degree of kinship between Haraldr and contemporaneous members of the family.
6625:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 285–305.
1020:
that year. Numerous titles were accorded to the kings of the Crovan dynasty. The style apparently preferred by Haraldr's father was
5499:
681:, consolidated control over Scotland's western seaboard, and moved to extend Scottish influence further into the Isles. Meanwhile,
8505:
6745:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 1–47.
5061:
Flateyjarbok: En Samling af Norske Konge-Sagaer med Indskudte Mindre Fortællinger om Begivenheder i og Udenfor Norse Same Annaler
1861:. The identity of this Clann Somhairle dynast is uncertain, although he is most likely to have been Dubhghall's father, Ruaidhrí.
6488:
McLeod, W (2002). "Rí Innsi Gall, Rí Fionnghall, Ceannas nan Gàidheal: Sovereignty and Rhetoric in the Late Medieval Hebrides".
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976:. Of the twenty royal charters known to have been issued by the Crovan dynasty, only three can be assigned to Haraldr's reign.
7702:
7367:
6669:
6133:(1969). "The Payments From the Hebrides and Isle of Man to the Crown of Norway, 1153–1263: Annual Ferme or Feudal Casualty?".
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Later in 1238, the chronicle reveals that envoys of Hákon expelled Haraldr from Mann because the latter had refused to render
530:
216:
83:
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165:
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Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles
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Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles
8510:
7102:
7094:
5684:
Crawford, BE (2014). "The Kingdom of Man and the Earldom of Orkney—Some Comparisons". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.).
855:
649:
6314:
McDonald, RA (2007a). "Dealing Death From Man: Manx Sea Power in and around the Irish Sea, 1079–1265". In Duffy, S (ed.).
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Less than a decade before, Hákon had demonstrated Norwegian overlordship in a similar fashion by conferring kingship upon
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1303:
The maritime disaster in which Haraldr and Cecilía lost their lives demonstrates some of the difficulties faced by the
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6630:
6240:
6110:
5902:
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Diplomati og Konfliktløysing c.1244–1266: Ei Undersøking av Diplomatiske Verkemiddel i To Norske Mellomaldertraktatar
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5539:
5465:
5439:
5346:
5198:
1295:
259:. The identity of Haraldr's mother is less certain. Óláfr is known to have had two wives. His first marriage was to "
7139:
979:
7390:
6490:
5982:
7573:
7170:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill.
7639:
6040:
1328:, with the final eclipse of Norwegian overlordship in the Isles and the extinction of the Crovan dynasty itself.
628:
Haraldr also ruled during a period of competing claims to the overlordship of the Isles, a region comprising the
414:
303:
5598:
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6232:
1103:
678:
232:
1118:
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5087:
1698:
1685:
1218:
7614:
334:
299:
8054:
7922:
7876:
5889:
Duffy, S (2006). "The Royal Dynasties of Dublin and the Isles in the Eleventh Century". In Duffy, S (ed.).
5688:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden:
4875:
1914:
8391:
1316:
appears to have attempted to acquire the Hebrides from Norwegian overlordsip, and expand its authority in
7383:
5549:
5457:
7831:
7707:
6689:
The Setting and Practice of Open-Air Judicial Assemblies in Medieval Scotland: A Multidisciplinary Study
1621:
Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Haraldr various patronymic names in English secondary sources:
1250:
1239:
829:
685:
also had an interest in the Isles, and worked to bring the Crovan dynasty closer under the orbit of the
592:
8018:
7578:
6135:
5666:
5531:
1006:
English king on 9 January 1246, orders that Haraldr was to be given safe-passage through England until
682:
208:
149:
55:
7168:
The Incorporation and Integration of the King's Tributary Lands into the Norwegian Realm, c. 1195–1397
5238:
1913:
to consecrate a candidate presented by monks of Furness as Bishop of the Isles, because the Church of
1259:
Nineteenth-century representations of seventeenth-century illustrations of Haraldr's now non-existent
8361:
8119:
7851:
7846:
6959:
6017:
5912:
5523:
5475:
Beuermann, I (2010). "'Norgesveldet?' South of Cape Wrath? Political Views Facts, and Questions". In
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5190:
1870:
A nineteenth-century account of this perilous passage runs as follows: "There appears to be a strong
1325:
796:
7722:
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5102:
A History of the Isle of Man, Written by William Blundell, Esq., of Crosby, Co. Lancaster, 1648–1656
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30:
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4983:
4949:
4897:
4792:
983:
The name of Haraldr's realm as it appears on folio 46r of British Library Cotton Julius A VII (the
287:. Although no contemporaneous source names Haraldr's mother, the thirteenth- to fourteenth-century
284:
8500:
7957:
7553:
5791:
5412:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 2. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
7712:
6260:
Early Ecclesiastical Sites in the Northern Isles and Isle of Man: An Archaeological Field Survey
540:
8187:
8069:
7901:
7513:
1226:). Amongst those drowned was Laurence, Archdeacon of Mann, a man who had recently been elected
817:; and that upon his subsequent removal, Haraldr's rights of vassalage passed to Hákon himself.
280:
276:
7856:
6836:
6741:
Oram, RD (2005). "Introduction: An Overview of the Reign of Alexander II". In Oram, RD (ed.).
5157:
Monumenta de Insula Manniæ; or, A Collection of National Documents Relating to the Isle of Man
8475:
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7771:
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7195:
Land Assessment and Military Organisation in the Norse Settlements in Scotland, c.900–1266 AD
6693:
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Calendar of the Patent Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office: Henry III, A.D. 1232–1247
1714:. Like the Manx site, these four Hebridean placenames are derived in part from the Old Norse
1084:
889:
730:
227:. The chaos brought about by Haraldr's demise appears to have contributed to the invasion of
8310:
7503:
7260:
The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600
6316:
The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600
1801:. The coat of arms concerns Hákon's coronation, and its associated caption reads in Latin: "
876:, Haraldr's younger brother and eventual royal successor, the Norwegian king is said by the
8480:
8336:
8003:
7978:
7896:
7841:
7805:
7634:
7629:
7543:
7410:
7057:
5742:
5557:
4923:
1918:
1150:
762:
8148:
6837:"Meeting in Norway: Norse-Gaelic Relations in the Kingdom of Man and the Isles, 1090–1270"
1664:
Evidence of local assembly sites within the kingdom may exist in the Hebridean placenames
510:
307:
8:
8193:
8159:
8023:
8013:
8008:
7665:
7588:
7523:
7518:
7498:
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7241:
Ecclesia Nidrosiensis, 1153–1537: Søkelys på Nidaroskirkens og Nidarosprovinsens Historie
6870:
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5392:
5125:
4905:
1880:
1293:
Coat of arms of Alexander as it appears on folio 146v of British Library Royal 14 C VII (
1227:
315:
7947:
7717:
6467:
Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archæological Society
6335:
Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty
5515:
5360:
5144:
5133:
5115:
5100:
5059:
4837:
1131:
168:, who probably took action against Haraldr because the former had refused to render him
8356:
8341:
8246:
8141:
7942:
7861:
7563:
7558:
7482:
7472:
7357:
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6449:
6361:
6277:
6215:
6199:
6160:
6144:
6059:
5957:
5941:
5641:
5431:
5394:
Sturlunga Saga Including the Islendinga Saga of Lawman Sturla Thordsson and Other Works
5356:
5120:. Vol. 7. London: Hunt & Co. pp. 17–21, 62–69, 126–133, 161–170, 201–206.
4823:
1910:
738:
8109:
7537:
6560:
Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society
8376:
8371:
8236:
8028:
7998:
7962:
7687:
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7263:
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7181:
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6853:
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5342:
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5254:
5194:
5155:
5081:
5045:
5011:
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4943:
4909:
4891:
4816:
Chronicle of the Kings of Mann and the Isles: Recortys Reeaghyn Vannin as ny hEllanyn
4800:
4786:
1951:
The term "west over sea", used in saga-literature, denotes the relative direction of
1764:
985:
864:
766:
657:
653:
311:
289:
4770:
716:
8386:
8346:
8284:
8208:
8114:
8059:
7952:
7508:
7202:
7049:
6990:
6927:
6714:
6524:
6474:
6431:
6428:
Kings, Usurpers, and Concubines in the Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles
6396:
6365:
6191:
6172:
6130:
6049:
5933:
5862:
5822:
5795:
5746:
5689:
5371:
5366:
5332:
5215:
5209:
5176:
5171:
5077:
1906:
1313:
1087:
as depicted on folio 216v of Cambridge Corpus Christi College Parker Library 16II (
1057:
1045:
928:
One of Haraldr's charters to which a seal was attached was a grant to the monks of
868:
800:
674:
243:
200:
7439:
7009:
6946:
6733:
6543:
5881:
5841:
5483:. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 99–123.
5302:
4855:
8439:
8424:
8396:
8366:
8351:
8331:
8175:
8169:
8084:
7988:
7583:
7529:
7466:
7022:
6892:
6808:
6648:
6353:
6246:
6099:
6083:. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 13–33.
6012:
5774:
5725:
5449:
5398:
5376:
5312:
5286:
5218:
5065:
4870:
1669:
1279:
1089:
1012:
969:
809:
686:
268:
192:
169:
37:
7119:
6774:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
5969:
Frame, R (1989). "England and Ireland, 1171–1399". In Jones, M; Vale, M (eds.).
187:
from Haraldr's reign are known, two of which are recorded to have borne a waxen
175:
Unlike his immediate royal predecessors, who appear to have favoured the title
8454:
8164:
8154:
7932:
7800:
7795:
7790:
7660:
7317:
7041:
6931:
6718:
6528:
5993:
5866:
5826:
5715:
5629:
5129:
4851:
4804:
1304:
1037:
734:
661:
256:
196:
153:
127:
6916:
6703:
6513:
6435:
5851:
5811:
8469:
8449:
8434:
8419:
8406:
8315:
8289:
8274:
8226:
8089:
7927:
7810:
7568:
7285:
7185:
7158:
7115:
6994:
6857:
6760:
6640:
6571:
6503:
6418:
6211:
6203:
6156:
6148:
6104:
6071:
6063:
5953:
5945:
5937:
5707:
5653:
5645:
5511:
5476:
5091:
1952:
1871:
1810:
1796:
1681:
1260:
1210:
1154:
929:
860:
846:
838:
834:
188:
6979:
6575:
6369:
5729:
5380:
5316:
5290:
5222:
5069:
5025:
4991:
4957:
1830:
1097:
In the autumn of 1247, Haraldr again voyaged to Norway, as evidenced by the
8444:
8269:
8099:
8074:
7917:
7871:
6888:
6618:
6250:
6195:
5778:
5324:
5308:
5268:
5106:
1933:
1139:
1080:
1028:. As for Haraldr and Magnús, they appear to have favoured the variant form
792:
774:
203:. Like his father before him, and a younger brother after him, Haraldr was
7983:
6400:
5971:
England and Her Neighbours, 1066–1453: Essays in Honour of Pierre Chaplais
1001:
Like his father before him, and his brother Magnús after him, Haraldr was
7937:
7836:
6891:(2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In
6391:. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph. Milton Park, Abingdon:
5760:
5298:
1041:
851:
644:(the "Southern Islands") due to its geographical position in relation to
633:
7740:
6164:
6054:
6036:"The Earliest Wave of Viking Activity? The Norwegian Evidence Revisited"
6035:
5686:
Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200
5146:
Chronica Regvm Manniæ et Insvlarvm: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
5135:
Chronica Regvm Manniæ et Insvlarvm: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
8231:
7236:
6115:
6008:
5500:"Tynwald: A Manx Cult-Site and Institution of Pre-Scandinavian Origin?"
5428:
Strategies of Passion: Love and Marriage in Medieval Iceland and Norway
4765:
1202:
1162:
1017:
941:
770:
758:
7207:
6297:
The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336
6231:, California Studies in the History of Art, Berkeley and Los Angeles:
5800:
5337:
1016:
reports that Henry confirmed the honour of knighthood upon Haraldr on
8414:
8279:
8241:
8181:
8064:
7461:
6844:
6392:
5751:
1214:
1007:
911:
788:
6479:
8221:
8198:
8094:
8079:
7993:
7619:
6463:"A Note Upon the Connections of Furness Abbey With the Isle of Man"
1814:
1787:
1777:
One of the total twenty cannot be assigned to any particular ruler.
1190:
1002:
973:
845:
The earliest member of the Crovan dynasty known to have utilised a
629:
212:
204:
35:
Haraldr's name and title as it appears on folio 115r of AM 45 fol (
7258:
Woolf, A (2007). "A Dead Man at Ballyshannon". In Duffy, S (ed.).
6657:. Regesta Regum Scottorum. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
702:
8251:
8216:
8135:
8044:
6258:
4914:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 4. London:
1956:
1937:
1747:
1309:
666:
224:
184:
122:
7429:
7095:"Neglected Topographic Names: Ness-Names in Orkney and Shetland"
5576:
1805:
Scutum regis Norwagiae nuper coronati, qui dicitur rex Insularum
8049:
7297:
6687:
6299:. Scottish Historical Monographs. East Linton: Tuckwell Press.
1875:
1317:
1283:
1112:
965:
814:
645:
228:
777:, and appears to date to 1241, makes note of a witness named "
1855:
1847:
1792:
1050:
754:
6081:
The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400
5481:
The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400
5430:. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe. Turnhout:
854:. In regards to Haraldr himself, one such antiquarian named
5211:
Matthæi Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majora
5064:. Vol. 3. Oslo: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel. 1868.
1711:
1561:
1. Haraldr Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles (died 1249)
1299:). The inverted shield represents the king's death in 1249.
1108:
952:" (probably Ballaharry), and the churches of St Ninian of "
737:
displaying a contemporary sailing vessel. The power of the
7239:(2003). "The Diocese of the Sudreyar". In Imsen, S (ed.).
6617:
Murray, N (2005). "Swerving From the Path of Justice". In
1122:
Cecilía's name as it appears on folio 112v of AM 45 fol: "
1076:
5721:
Island Heritage: Dealing With Some Phases of Manx History
1892:
1886:
932:
concerning mining rights on Mann, the use of a depot at "
6917:"MacDougall, Ewen, Lord of Argyll (d. in or After 1268)"
5578:
A Keystone of Contention: The Earldom of Ross, 1215–1517
148:(born 1223 or 1224; died 1248) was a thirteenth-century
6177:"Further Discoveries of Cross-Slabs in the Isle of Man"
6003:. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússona. pp. 194–207.
7405:
4049:
4047:
6184:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
5925:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
5285:. Vol. 1, pts. 1–2. The Hague: Joannem Neaulme.
2507:
2505:
1674:
6079:
Imsen, S (2010). "Introduction". In Imsen, S (ed.).
5530:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh:
1036:. According to the seventeenth-century antiquarians
6389:
Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World
4806:
Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286
4044:
283:. Óláfr's second wife was Cairistíona, daughter of
6978:
6915:
6785:
6702:
6668:
6512:
6103:
5850:
5810:
5362:Codex Frisianus: En Samling Af Norske Konge-Sagaer
2502:
6899:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218.
6654:The Acts of Alexander III King of Scots 1249–1286
5917:"Argyll and the Isles in the Earlier Middle Ages"
1010:(27 May 1246). Similarly, the thirteenth-century
8467:
7048:. Publications of the Harleian Society. London:
6553:"The Barony of St. Trinian's in the Isle of Man"
5665:. Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. Leicester:
5556:(EPUB). The Penguin History of Britain. London:
5331:. Oslo: Norsk historisk kjeldeskrift-institutt.
2440:
2438:
8491:13th-century rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles
6001:Samtíðarsögur: The Contemporary Sagas. Forprent
2936:pp. 56–61, 201–203, 597 tab. 4.8, 599 tab 4.8;
1828:
1716:
1195:
1167:
1062:
638:
43:
6523:(May 2005 ed.). Oxford University Press.
6274:Full Fathom Five: Wrecks of the Spanish Armada
5634:Records of the Scottish Church History Society
4860:. London: Georgii Bishop & Ioannis Norton.
4551:
4549:
1921:, "separated from it by a most dangerous sea".
1795:, three galleys with dragon heads at each end
1392:Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles
300:Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles
7756:
7391:
7262:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 77–85.
6318:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 45–76.
5630:"The Medieval Church in Argyll and the Isles"
2435:
692:
7243:. Tapir Akademisk Forlag. pp. 171–181.
6989:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
6926:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
6713:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
5861:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
5821:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
4718:
4716:
1157:. Haraldr is said to have drowned nearby in
7218:"Manx Memorial Stones of the Viking Period"
6771:Domination and Lordship: Scotland 1070–1230
6229:The Art of Matthew Paris in Chronica Majora
5788:Ireland and the Irish Sea Region, 1014–1318
5554:The Struggle For Mastery: Britain 1066–1284
4546:
4072:
4070:
3723:
3721:
2550:
2548:
1874:setting to the eastward in the sea between
1803:
1739:
1729:
1485:Niall Mac Lochlainn, King of Cineál Eoghain
1272:
1030:
1022:
991:
954:
946:
934:
896:Marown Old Church (the church of St Runius)
874:Magnús Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles
779:
261:
7763:
7749:
7398:
7384:
4828:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1845:Various Irish sources style Mac Somhairle
1145:
29:
7770:
7206:
6478:
6053:
5799:
5750:
5724:. Manchester: George Falkner & Sons.
5370:
5336:
5175:
5160:. Vol. 2. Douglas, IM: Manx Society.
5149:. Vol. 2. Douglas, IM: Manx Society.
5138:. Vol. 1. Douglas, IM: Manx Society.
5114:JAL (1858). "Norway, and the Way to It".
4713:
2776:
6897:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages
5365:. Oslo: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel.
4067:
3718:
2545:
1917:was very distant from the Church of the
1288:
1205:otherwise known in more modern times as
1149:
1117:
1075:
978:
828:
787:
302:, after which the king was succeeded by
242:
231:, and near conquest of the Hebrides, by
6986:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
6923:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
6710:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
6520:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
5858:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
5818:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
5812:"Mac Lochlainn, Muirchertach (d. 1166)"
4814:Broderick, G; Stowell, B, eds. (1973).
4809:. Vol. 2. London: Oliver and Boyd.
1809:". The coat of arms was illustrated by
1312:on the mainland. For several years the
1177:, now known to Shetlanders as Da Roost.
8468:
7892:Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland
7290:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
7166:Wærdahl, RB (2011). Crozier, A (ed.).
6805:Alexander II, King of Scots, 1214–1249
5454:Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000–1306
5030:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
4996:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
4962:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
4732:
1563:
1464:
1354:
1350:
833:Seventeenth-century illustration of a
279:, or else a daughter of their father,
267:", a woman who was likely a member of
7744:
7379:
6956:Llywelyn Ap Gruffudd: Prince of Wales
3448:
3446:
2881:
2879:
2854:
2852:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
1560:
1550:
1538:
1528:
1524:
1512:
1509:
1499:
1482:
1472:
1468:
1452:
1445:
1435:
1422:
1412:
1408:
1396:
1389:
1379:
1362:
1358:
1132:Eóghan Mac Dubhghaill, Lord of Argyll
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
598:
590:
584:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
554:
548:
546:
538:
536:
528:
526:
518:
516:
508:
456:
454:
452:
446:
440:
438:
430:
428:
426:
424:
422:
420:
412:
388:
386:
384:
360:
354:
352:
350:
348:
346:
344:
342:
340:
332:
7286:"Harald, King of the Isles (d.1248)"
7103:The Journal of Scottish Name Studies
6704:"Fergus, Lord of Galloway (d. 1161)"
5418:
1448:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
1365:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
1071:
997:" ("Kingdom of Mann and the Isles").
960:" and St Runius (all located in the
253:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
179:, Haraldr appears to have preferred
158:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
5994:"1236: Órækja Meiddr ok Heill Gerr"
5187:The Acts of Welsh Rulers, 1120–1283
910:St Trinian's Chapel (the church of
824:
13:
6830:. Union, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange.
6743:The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49
6623:The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49
5185:Pryce, H; Insley, C, eds. (2005).
5143:Munch, PA; Goss, A, eds. (1874b).
4752:
4392:pp. 11–12, 25, 47, 51, 53, 70–71;
3443:
2876:
2849:
2824:
741:laid in their armed galley-fleets.
14:
8522:
7278:
6360:. The New Middle Ages. New York:
6111:Germanische Altertumskunde Online
8105:Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial
8019:Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66)
7296:
6491:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
6358:Studies in the Medieval Atlantic
4697:
4685:
4661:
4629:
4617:
4593:
4565:
4514:
4502:
4490:
4471:
4459:
4443:
4423:
4411:
4383:
4351:
4339:
4323:
4296:
4260:
4248:
4225:
4213:
4181:
4098:
4082:
4028:
4012:
3992:
3976:
3928:
3909:
3885:
3869:
3857:
3845:
3833:
3769:
1945:
1924:
1899:
1864:
1839:
1820:
1249:
1238:
902:
888:
715:
701:
671:Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway
271:, possibly a daughter of either
166:Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway
156:. He was one of several sons of
6041:European Journal of Archaeology
5528:The Wars of Scotland, 1214–1371
5083:Matthew Paris's English History
4916:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
4844:His Majesty's Stationery Office
4163:pp. 449–550, 550 nn. 1–3, 551;
3757:
3752:Tremlett; London; Wagner (1967)
3741:
3736:Tremlett; London; Wagner (1967)
3687:
3675:
3659:
3647:
3623:
3603:
3579:
3567:Rymer; Sanderson; Holmes (1739)
3529:
3497:
3481:
3458:
3416:
3404:
3381:
3369:
3334:
3322:
3306:
3282:
3270:
3251:
3231:
3215:
3203:
3171:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3087:
3067:
3051:
3039:
3027:
2975:
2955:
2943:
2927:
2911:
2891:
2864:
2808:
2788:
2748:
2728:
2716:
2704:
2668:
2656:
2640:
2612:
2592:
2572:
2517:
2490:
2478:
2466:
2454:
2403:
2391:
2375:
2359:
2335:
2319:
2299:
2279:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2219:
2191:
2179:
2163:
2143:
2131:
1930:This coat of arms is blazoned:
1780:
1771:
1757:
1658:
1648:
650:Magnús berfœttr, King of Norway
8506:Deaths due to shipwreck at sea
6828:The Growth of Scandinavian Law
6596:The Welsh Wars of Independence
6272:Martin, C; Wignall, S (1975).
6233:University of California Press
2095:
2055:
2043:
2031:
2015:
2003:
1991:
1972:
1615:
1124:Cecilio dottur Hakonar konvngs
733:(image a; detail, image b), a
679:Alexander II, King of Scotland
660:before his death in 1103, the
636:, known in the Norse world as
247:Locations relating to Haraldr.
233:Alexander II, King of Scotland
1:
8496:Accidental deaths in Scotland
6337:. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
5329:Islandske Annaler Indtil 1578
5170:. Douglas, IM: Manx Society.
4747:
1340:Ancestors of Haraldr Óláfsson
1107:. After Haraldr removed from
238:
219:, succeeded to the kingship.
7010:UK public library membership
6947:UK public library membership
6734:UK public library membership
6651:; Simpson, GG, eds. (2012).
6544:UK public library membership
6430:. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
5882:UK public library membership
5842:UK public library membership
5105:. Vol. 1. Douglas, IM:
3557:Calendar of the Patent Rolls
1966:
1510:5. Fionnghuala Nic Lochlainn
1423:9. Affraic inghean Fearghusa
1209:and Da Roost, lying between
1068:" ("king of the Hebrides").
867:, were destroyed by fire at
45:Haralldi Suðreyinnga konvngi
7:
8511:Monarchs of the Isle of Man
7867:Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother
7021:(3rd ed.). Edinburgh:
6263:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1.
6034:Heen-Pettersen, AM (2019).
6021:(13 February 2009 ed.)
5763:(1912). Thomson, JM (ed.).
5458:University of Toronto Press
4725:pp. xv tab. 4, xvi tab. 5;
4376:pp. 550, 553–554; 557–558;
2920:pp. 201–203, 597 tab. 4.8;
1331:
1101:and the thirteenth-century
769:that concerns the lands of
648:itself. Since the reign of
10:
8527:
8407:Associated clans and septs
7358:King of Mann and the Isles
7140:"In (and around) Scatness"
7040:Tremlett, TD; London, HS;
6980:"Alexander II (1198–1249)"
6136:Scottish Historical Review
5667:Leicester University Press
5532:Edinburgh University Press
5406:Vigfusson, G, ed. (1887).
5088:Bohn's Antiquarian Library
4924:"Diplomatarium Norvegicum"
2565:pp. 54–55, 128–129 pl. 1;
1836:named Gregorius Andrésson.
1458:
1352:
1060:, for example, style him "
781:Godredo filio regis Mannie
693:Accession and overlordship
683:Henry III, King of England
656:, the Isles, and possibly
209:Henry III, King of England
150:King of Mann and the Isles
56:King of Mann and the Isles
18:King of Mann and the Isles
8405:
8324:
8298:
8260:
8207:
8128:
8037:
7971:
7910:
7887:Margaret, Queen of Norway
7847:Gormflaith ingen Murchada
7819:
7778:
7731:
7653:
7597:
7491:
7448:
7417:
7364:
7355:
7337:
7332:
7311:
7019:The New History of Orkney
6960:University of Wales Press
6436:10.1007/978-3-030-22026-6
6018:Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
5191:University of Wales Press
5099:Harrison, W, ed. (1876).
4818:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh.
4210:pp. 449–550, 550 nn. 1–3.
4157:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
3465:Broderick; Stowell (1973)
3260:pp. 55–56, 162, 204–205;
2126:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
1544:
1526:
1518:
1493:
1470:
1466:
1429:
1410:
1402:
1373:
1356:
1322:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
1187:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
1175:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
1104:Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
993:regno Manniæ et Insularum
799:may have been a national
558:
556:
502:
500:
498:
492:
490:
488:
480:
476:
474:
472:
466:
464:
462:
450:
448:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
394:
382:
378:
376:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
362:
133:
121:
113:
101:
93:
89:
79:
69:
61:
54:
28:
23:
8486:13th-century Manx people
7882:Margaret, Maid of Norway
7832:Bethóc, Prioress of Iona
7549:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó
7199:University of St Andrews
7058:"Unknown: Sumburgh Head"
7046:Rolls of Arms: Henry III
6867:The West Highland Galley
6616:
6551:Megaw, BRS (1948–1949).
6351:
6294:
6271:
5999:. In Tómasson, S (ed.).
5938:10.9750/PSAS.090.192.220
5771:James Maclehose and Sons
5627:
5307:(3rd ed.). London:
5154:Oliver, JR, ed. (1861).
5142:
5124:
5117:Hunt's Yachting Magazine
5024:
4990:
4956:
4928:Dokumentasjonsprosjektet
4866:"Cotton MS Julius A VII"
4437:
4405:
4377:
4316:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
4310:
4306:
4290:
4235:
4191:
4168:
4124:
3903:
3827:
3791:
3572:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
3523:
3468:
3434:
3395:
3360:
3300:
3197:
3185:
3165:
3021:
2969:
2698:
2582:
2554:
2460:
2429:
2213:
2156:pp. 27 tab. 1, 116–117;
2121:
2069:
1608:
285:Fearchar mac an tSagairt
7958:Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson
7877:Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb
7554:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill
7257:
7235:
7215:
7192:
7165:
7137:
7092:
7056:
7039:
7016:
6976:
6953:
6913:
6895:; McDonald, RA (eds.).
6887:
6864:
6834:
6825:
6802:
6767:
6740:
6700:
6685:
6647:
6593:
6550:
6510:
6487:
6460:
6425:
6386:
6370:10.1057/9781137062390_6
6332:
6313:
6256:
6226:
6171:
6129:
6097:
6078:
6033:
6007:
5991:
5968:
5911:
5893:. Vol. 7. Dublin:
5888:
5848:
5808:
5792:Trinity College, Dublin
5785:
5766:The Bishops of Scotland
5759:
5736:
5714:
5683:
5660:
5589:
5575:Cochran-Yu, DK (2015).
5574:
5548:
5522:
5497:
5474:
5448:
5425:
5405:
5397:. Vol. 2. Oxford:
5387:
5372:2027/hvd.32044084740760
5355:
5323:
5297:
5267:
5229:
5214:. Vol. 4. London:
5208:Luard, HR, ed. (1877).
5207:
5184:
5177:2027/hvd.32044081282790
5164:
5153:
5113:
5098:
5090:. Vol. 2. London:
5076:
5058:
4922:
4904:
4864:
4850:
4836:
4813:
4799:
4759:
4738:
4726:
4722:
4707:
4703:
4691:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4623:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4559:
4555:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4508:
4496:
4481:
4477:
4465:
4453:
4449:
4433:
4429:
4417:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4345:
4333:
4329:
4314:
4302:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4254:
4239:
4231:
4219:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4195:
4187:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4092:
4088:
4076:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4038:
4034:
4022:
4018:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3986:
3982:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3919:
3915:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3879:
3875:
3863:
3851:
3839:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3763:
3751:
3747:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3681:
3669:
3665:
3653:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3491:
3487:
3472:
3464:
3452:
3430:
3426:
3423:Neville; Simpson (2012)
3422:
3410:
3391:
3387:
3375:
3356:
3352:
3351:pp. 45, 193, 195, 219;
3348:
3344:
3340:
3328:
3316:
3312:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3276:
3261:
3257:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3225:
3221:
3209:
3193:
3189:
3181:
3177:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3121:
3109:
3097:
3093:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3061:
3057:
3045:
3033:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2965:
2961:
2949:
2937:
2933:
2921:
2917:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2885:
2870:
2858:
2843:
2818:
2814:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2782:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2722:
2710:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2662:
2650:
2646:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2589:pp. 120, 128–129 pl. 1.
2586:
2578:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2511:
2496:
2484:
2472:
2448:
2444:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2397:
2385:
2381:
2369:
2365:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2329:
2325:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2273:
2269:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2169:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2061:
2049:
2037:
2025:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1982:
1978:
1856:
1848:
1829:
1817:he attributed to Hákon.
1717:
1196:
1168:
1146:Death and after-effects
1063:
1051:
1032:rex mannie et insularum
652:, a king who conquered
639:
181:rex mannie et insularum
44:
7902:Ragnhildis Olafsdottir
7723:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí
7681:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill
7193:Williams, DGE (1997).
6932:10.1093/ref:odnb/49384
6719:10.1093/ref:odnb/49360
6529:10.1093/ref:odnb/20672
6333:McDonald, RA (2007b).
6196:10.9750/PSAS.050.50.62
5867:10.1093/ref:odnb/50617
5827:10.1093/ref:odnb/20745
5661:Crawford, BE (1997) .
4241:Unknown: Sumburgh Head
4236:Martin; Wignall (1975)
4234:pp. 19–20; 20 fig. 7;
3474:Cotton MS Julius A VII
1959:in relation to Norway.
1804:
1740:
1730:
1675:
1300:
1273:
1178:
1136:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí
1127:
1094:
1031:
1023:
998:
992:
955:
947:
935:
842:
805:
780:
757:, taking with him his
281:Raghnall mac Somhairle
277:Domhnall mac Raghnaill
273:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill
262:
255:, and a member of the
248:
152:, and a member of the
8306:Scottish island names
8129:Artifacts and culture
7806:Mormaers of Caithness
7772:Scandinavian Scotland
7676:Somairle mac Dubgaill
7645:Aonghus mac Somhairle
7640:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson
7017:Thomson, PL (2008) .
6826:Orfield, LB (2002) .
6694:University of Glasgow
6461:McIntire, WT (1943).
6426:McDonald, RA (2019).
6401:10.4324/9781315630755
6295:McDonald, RA (1997).
5737:Dahlberg, AB (2014).
5663:Scandinavian Scotland
5597:. n.d. Archived from
5583:University of Glasgow
5498:Broderick, G (2003).
5237:. n.d. Archived from
4874:. n.d. Archived from
4769:. n.d. Archived from
4480:pp. 466, 497 n. 185;
4188:Heen-Pettersen (2019)
4105:Heen-Pettersen (2019)
3969:pp. 264–266 (§ 259);
3826:pp. 254–255 (§ 259);
2962:Insley; Wilson (2006)
2902:Insley; Wilson (2006)
2900:p. 203, 599 tab 4.8;
2886:Insley; Wilson (2006)
2050:Heen-Pettersen (2019)
1799:, one above the other
1786:This coat of arms is
1676:Cnoc an Tiongalairidh
1627:Aralt mac Amlaíb Duib
1292:
1153:
1121:
1079:
982:
832:
791:
304:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson
251:Haraldr was a son of
246:
117:Cecilía Hákonardóttir
8325:Battles and treaties
7979:Kingdom of the Isles
7897:Ragnhild Eriksdotter
7852:Gunnhild Gormsdóttir
7842:Cacht ingen Ragnaill
7693:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson
7671:Dubgall mac Dubgaill
7635:Ragnall mac Somairle
7630:Dubgall mac Somairle
7544:Murchad mac Diarmata
7411:Kingdom of the Isles
7305:at Wikimedia Commons
7084:: CS1 maint: year (
6995:10.1093/ref:odnb/322
6977:Stringer, K (2004).
6914:Sellar, WDH (2004).
6514:"Olaf (1173/4–1237)"
6395:. pp. 333–349.
6364:. pp. 143–184.
5977:. pp. 139–155.
5915:; Brown, AL (1959).
5852:"Ragnvald (d. 1229)"
5743:University of Bergen
5619:: CS1 maint: year (
5601:on 12 September 2016
5591:"Cotton Manuscripts"
5426:Bandlien, B (2005).
5259:: CS1 maint: year (
5050:: CS1 maint: year (
5016:: CS1 maint: year (
4982:: CS1 maint: year (
4948:: CS1 maint: year (
4896:: CS1 maint: year (
4791:: CS1 maint: year (
4682:pp. 259–260 (§ 265).
3973:pp. 254–255 (§ 259).
3822:pp. 264–265 (§ 259)
3806:p. 228, 228 n. 144;
3244:pp. 55–56, 204–205;
3016:pp. 26–27, 26 n. 8;
2996:pp. 107, 108 n. 28;
2767:Pryce; Insley (2005)
1857:tigerna Airer Goidel
1726:, the form of name (
763:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
8194:St Magnus Cathedral
8070:Cubbie Roo's Castle
8014:Davidian Revolution
7857:Helga Moddansdóttir
7827:Aud the Deep-Minded
7708:Haraldr Guðrøðarson
7666:Donnchadh of Argyll
7589:Sigurðr Jórsalafari
7574:Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson
7559:Gofraid mac Sitriuc
7524:Lagmann mac Gofraid
7519:Thorfinn the Mighty
7499:Ragnall mac Gofraid
7216:Wilson, DM (1973).
6686:O'Grady, J (2008).
6598:. Brimscombe Port:
6581:on 17 February 2019
6511:McNamee, C (2005).
6278:Chatto & Windus
6055:10.1017/eaa.2019.19
6013:"Håkon 4 Håkonsson"
5975:The Hambledon Press
5518:on 7 February 2009.
5504:Studeyrys Manninagh
5241:on 16 December 2015
5231:"Royal MS 14 C VII"
5165:Oswald, HR (1860).
4438:Munch; Goss (1874a)
4406:Munch; Goss (1874a)
4378:Munch; Goss (1874a)
4311:Munch; Goss (1874b)
4291:Munch; Goss (1874a)
4169:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3904:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3828:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3766:pp. 13–14, 13 n. 2.
3616:p. 28, nn. 11, 12;
3524:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3469:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3301:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3212:pp. 128–129 fig. 2.
3198:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3180:pp. 25, 46, 69–70;
3166:Munch; Goss (1874a)
3036:pp. 107, 108 n. 28.
3022:Munch; Goss (1874a)
2970:Munch; Goss (1874a)
2699:Munch; Goss (1874a)
2540:Kermode (1915–1916)
2534:pp. 114–115 pl. 1;
2530:pp. 128–129 pl. 1;
2214:Munch; Goss (1874a)
2204:pp. 79 n. 48, 171;
1940:flory counter gules
1752:Old Midsummer's Day
1750:, held annually on
1623:Arailt mac Amhlaíbh
1228:Bishop of the Isles
677:, in the person of
8188:Sen dollotar Ulaid
8142:Chronicles of Mann
7862:Ingeborg of Norway
7703:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
7625:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
7564:Fingal mac Gofraid
7504:Amlaíb mac Sitriuc
7483:Gofraid mac Arailt
7368:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
7138:Waugh, DJ (2001).
6865:Rixson, D (1982).
6803:Oram, RD (2013) .
6594:Moore, D (2013) .
6362:Palgrave Macmillan
5897:. pp. 51–65.
5849:Duffy, S (2004b).
5809:Duffy, S (2004a).
5692:. pp. 65–80.
5628:Cowan, IB (1978).
5432:Brepols Publishers
4773:on 18 January 2016
3961:pp. 203–204, 206;
3818:pp. 546, 547–548;
3263:Cotton Manuscripts
3048:p. 107, 107 n. 25.
2629:pp. 87, 106, 171;
2272:pp. 70–71, 72–73;
1911:Archbishop of York
1301:
1179:
1128:
1095:
999:
856:Christopher Hatton
843:
806:
739:kings of the Isles
249:
84:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
8463:
8462:
8430:Macaulay of Lewis
7963:Thorstein the Red
7911:Other notable men
7738:
7737:
7661:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
7610:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
7605:Domnall mac Taidc
7478:Maccus mac Arailt
7456:Olaf Guthfrithson
7374:
7373:
7365:Succeeded by
7353:
7349:King of the Isles
7341:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
7301:Media related to
7269:978-1-85182-946-0
7250:978-82-519-1873-2
7177:978-90-04-20613-7
7093:Waugh, D (2009).
7032:978-1-84158-696-0
7008:(Subscription or
6954:Smith, B (1998).
6945:(Subscription or
6835:Power, R (2005).
6818:978-1-907909-05-4
6781:978-0-7486-1496-7
6768:Oram, RD (2011).
6732:(Subscription or
6701:Oram, RD (2004).
6664:978-0-7486-2732-5
6609:978-0-7524-9648-1
6600:The History Press
6542:(Subscription or
6445:978-3-030-22026-6
6410:978-1-315-63075-5
6379:978-1-137-06239-0
6344:978-1-84682-047-2
6325:978-1-85182-946-0
6306:978-1-898410-85-0
6287:978-0-7011-2071-9
6265:Durham University
6227:Lewis, S (1987),
6090:978-82-519-2563-1
5992:Gade, KE (1994).
5895:Four Courts Press
5880:(Subscription or
5840:(Subscription or
5786:Duffy, S (1993).
5699:978-90-04-25512-8
5567:978-0-14-193514-0
5490:978-82-519-2563-1
5419:Secondary sources
5216:Longman & Co.
5026:"Document 1/17/3"
4992:"Document 1/17/2"
4958:"Document 1/17/1"
4483:Royal MS 14 C VII
4332:pp. 55–56 n. 78;
3494:pp. 215, 216–217.
3431:Megaw (1948–1949)
3329:Megaw (1948–1949)
2761:pp. 55–56 n. 49;
2230:Cochran-Yu (2015)
2150:Cochran-Yu (2015)
1724:Chronicle of Mann
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1296:Historia Anglorum
1183:Chronicle of Mann
1099:Chronicle of Mann
1072:Dynastic alliance
986:Chronicle of Mann
878:Chronicle of Mann
865:Cottonian Library
767:Ralph de Mortimer
750:Chronicle of Mann
626:
625:
622:
621:
290:Chronicle of Mann
143:
142:
138:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
74:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
8518:
8120:St Magnus Church
8115:Scar boat burial
8060:Brough of Birsay
7953:Sweyn Asleifsson
7948:Ragnall ua Ímair
7765:
7758:
7751:
7742:
7741:
7718:Eóghan of Argyll
7698:Haraldr Óláfsson
7615:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
7509:Sigurd the Stout
7400:
7393:
7386:
7377:
7376:
7344:
7338:Preceded by
7328:
7313:Haraldr Óláfsson
7309:
7308:
7303:Haraldr Óláfsson
7300:
7293:
7273:
7254:
7232:
7222:
7212:
7210:
7189:
7162:
7147:Northern Studies
7144:
7134:
7132:
7130:
7124:
7118:. Archived from
7099:
7089:
7083:
7075:
7073:
7071:
7053:
7050:Harleian Society
7036:
7013:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6982:
6973:
6950:
6942:
6940:
6938:
6919:
6910:
6884:
6861:
6841:
6831:
6822:
6799:
6797:
6795:
6789:
6784:. Archived from
6764:
6737:
6729:
6727:
6725:
6706:
6697:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6672:
6667:. Archived from
6644:
6613:
6590:
6588:
6586:
6580:
6574:. Archived from
6557:
6547:
6539:
6537:
6535:
6516:
6507:
6484:
6482:
6457:
6422:
6383:
6348:
6329:
6310:
6291:
6268:
6257:Lowe, C (1988).
6253:
6223:
6181:
6168:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6107:
6094:
6075:
6057:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6004:
5998:
5988:
5965:
5921:
5908:
5885:
5877:
5875:
5873:
5854:
5845:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5814:
5805:
5803:
5782:
5756:
5754:
5733:
5711:
5680:
5657:
5624:
5618:
5610:
5608:
5606:
5586:
5571:
5545:
5519:
5514:. Archived from
5494:
5471:
5445:
5413:
5402:
5384:
5374:
5352:
5340:
5320:
5294:
5264:
5258:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5226:
5204:
5181:
5179:
5161:
5150:
5139:
5132:, eds. (1874a).
5121:
5110:
5095:
5073:
5055:
5049:
5041:
5039:
5037:
5021:
5015:
5007:
5005:
5003:
4987:
4981:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4953:
4947:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4919:
4901:
4895:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4861:
4847:
4833:
4827:
4819:
4810:
4796:
4790:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4742:
4739:McDonald (2007b)
4736:
4730:
4727:McDonald (2007b)
4720:
4711:
4708:McDonald (2007b)
4701:
4695:
4692:Carpenter (2003)
4689:
4683:
4680:Vigfusson (1887)
4668:Carpenter (2003)
4665:
4659:
4633:
4627:
4621:
4615:
4597:
4591:
4584:Carpenter (2003)
4569:
4563:
4553:
4544:
4537:Carpenter (2003)
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4475:
4469:
4463:
4457:
4447:
4441:
4427:
4421:
4415:
4409:
4394:McDonald (2007b)
4387:
4381:
4366:McDonald (2007b)
4355:
4349:
4346:McDonald (2007b)
4343:
4337:
4330:McDonald (2007b)
4327:
4321:
4300:
4294:
4264:
4258:
4252:
4246:
4229:
4223:
4220:Waugh, DJ (2001)
4217:
4211:
4185:
4179:
4165:Vigfusson (1878)
4137:McDonald (2007b)
4102:
4096:
4086:
4080:
4074:
4065:
4051:
4042:
4032:
4026:
4019:McDonald (2007b)
4016:
4010:
3996:
3990:
3980:
3974:
3971:Vigfusson (1887)
3932:
3926:
3913:
3907:
3896:McDonald (2007b)
3889:
3883:
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3824:Vigfusson (1887)
3796:McDonald (2007b)
3773:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3745:
3739:
3725:
3716:
3706:Vigfusson (1878)
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3663:
3657:
3654:McDonald (2007b)
3651:
3645:
3630:McDonald (2007b)
3627:
3621:
3610:McDonald (2007b)
3607:
3601:
3590:McDonald (2007b)
3583:
3577:
3550:p. 27, 27 n. 2;
3540:McDonald (2007b)
3533:
3527:
3518:p. 27, 27 n. 2;
3508:McDonald (2007b)
3501:
3495:
3492:McDonald (2007b)
3485:
3479:
3462:
3456:
3453:McDonald (2007b)
3450:
3441:
3427:McDonald (2007b)
3420:
3414:
3411:McDonald (2007b)
3408:
3402:
3388:McDonald (2007b)
3385:
3379:
3376:McDonald (2007b)
3373:
3367:
3349:McDonald (2007b)
3345:McDonald (2007a)
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3313:McDonald (2007b)
3310:
3304:
3289:McDonald (2007b)
3286:
3280:
3277:McDonald (2007b)
3274:
3268:
3258:McDonald (2007b)
3255:
3249:
3242:McDonald (2007b)
3235:
3229:
3222:McDonald (2007b)
3219:
3213:
3210:McDonald (2007b)
3207:
3201:
3175:
3169:
3160:p. 27, 27 n. 1;
3150:McDonald (2007b)
3146:Beuermann (2010)
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3091:
3085:
3071:
3065:
3055:
3049:
3046:Beuermann (2010)
3043:
3037:
3034:Beuermann (2010)
3031:
3025:
2998:McDonald (2007b)
2994:Beuermann (2010)
2979:
2973:
2966:Broderick (2003)
2959:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2938:Broderick (2003)
2931:
2925:
2922:Broderick (2003)
2915:
2909:
2906:Broderick (2003)
2895:
2889:
2883:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2859:Broderick (2003)
2856:
2847:
2841:
2822:
2815:McDonald (2007b)
2812:
2806:
2799:McDonald (2007b)
2792:
2786:
2783:McDonald (2007b)
2780:
2774:
2769:p. 490 (§ 317);
2763:McDonald (2007b)
2759:McDonald (2007a)
2752:
2746:
2743:McDonald (2007b)
2739:McDonald (2007a)
2732:
2726:
2723:McDonald (2007b)
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2683:McDonald (2007b)
2672:
2666:
2663:McDonald (2007b)
2660:
2654:
2651:McDonald (2007b)
2644:
2638:
2627:McDonald (2007b)
2616:
2610:
2609:p. 15, 15 n. 43.
2603:McDonald (2007b)
2599:McDonald (2007a)
2596:
2590:
2587:McDonald (2007b)
2576:
2570:
2563:McDonald (2007b)
2559:McDonald (2007a)
2552:
2543:
2528:McDonald (2007b)
2524:McDonald (2007a)
2521:
2515:
2509:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2485:Beuermann (2010)
2482:
2476:
2473:Beuermann (2010)
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2442:
2433:
2424:p. 77 tab. 4.1;
2414:McDonald (2007b)
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2382:McDonald (2007b)
2379:
2373:
2363:
2357:
2342:McDonald (2007b)
2339:
2333:
2326:McDonald (2007b)
2323:
2317:
2306:McDonald (2007b)
2303:
2297:
2286:McDonald (2007b)
2283:
2277:
2270:McDonald (2007b)
2267:
2261:
2258:McDonald (2007b)
2255:
2249:
2246:McDonald (2007b)
2243:
2237:
2223:
2217:
2202:McDonald (2007b)
2195:
2189:
2186:McDonald (2007b)
2183:
2177:
2170:McDonald (2007b)
2167:
2161:
2154:McDonald (2007b)
2147:
2141:
2138:McDonald (2007b)
2135:
2129:
2116:p. 77 tab. 4.1;
2106:McDonald (2007b)
2099:
2093:
2082:McDonald (2007b)
2078:McDonald (2007a)
2074:Beuermann (2010)
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1960:
1949:
1943:
1928:
1922:
1907:Pope Innocent IV
1903:
1897:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1851:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1824:
1818:
1807:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1769:
1761:
1755:
1743:
1733:
1720:
1705:
1692:
1678:
1662:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1643:Haraldr Óláfsson
1619:
1346:
1345:
1337:
1336:
1276:
1253:
1242:
1225:
1201:, a treacherous
1199:
1171:
1085:Hákon Hákonarson
1066:
1058:Icelandic annals
1054:
1034:
1026:
995:
958:
950:
938:
906:
892:
869:Ashburnham House
825:Acta and honours
783:
719:
705:
642:
596:
544:
534:
524:
514:
436:
418:
338:
330:
329:
321:
320:
265:
146:Haraldr Óláfsson
47:
33:
24:Haraldr Óláfsson
21:
20:
8526:
8525:
8521:
8520:
8519:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8466:
8465:
8464:
8459:
8401:
8397:Treaty of Perth
8320:
8294:
8256:
8203:
8176:Orkneyinga saga
8170:Manx runestones
8124:
8110:Rubha an Dùnain
8085:Kirkwall Castle
8055:Bishop's Palace
8033:
7967:
7906:
7815:
7801:Lords of Argyll
7791:Earls of Orkney
7774:
7769:
7739:
7734:
7727:
7713:Magnús Óláfsson
7649:
7593:
7584:Magnús berfœttr
7538:Ímar mac Arailt
7530:Haakon Ericsson
7487:
7467:Ketill Flatnose
7444:
7413:
7404:
7370:
7361:
7343:
7322:
7321:
7314:
7284:
7281:
7276:
7270:
7251:
7220:
7178:
7142:
7128:
7126:
7125:on 10 July 2021
7122:
7097:
7077:
7076:
7069:
7067:
7033:
7007:
6999:
6997:
6970:
6944:
6936:
6934:
6907:
6881:
6839:
6819:
6793:
6791:
6790:on 18 June 2019
6782:
6753:
6731:
6723:
6721:
6676:
6674:
6673:on 28 June 2019
6665:
6633:
6610:
6584:
6582:
6578:
6555:
6541:
6533:
6531:
6480:10.5284/1032950
6446:
6411:
6380:
6345:
6326:
6307:
6288:
6243:
6179:
6120:
6118:
6091:
6024:
6022:
5996:
5985:
5919:
5905:
5891:Medieval Dublin
5879:
5871:
5869:
5839:
5831:
5829:
5700:
5677:
5612:
5611:
5604:
5602:
5595:British Library
5568:
5542:
5491:
5468:
5442:
5421:
5416:
5399:Clarendon Press
5349:
5327:, ed. (1977) .
5304:Titles of Honor
5279:, eds. (1739).
5252:
5251:
5244:
5242:
5235:British Library
5201:
5043:
5042:
5035:
5033:
5009:
5008:
5001:
4999:
4975:
4974:
4967:
4965:
4941:
4940:
4933:
4931:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4879:
4878:on 20 July 2021
4871:British Library
4821:
4820:
4784:
4783:
4776:
4774:
4755:
4753:Primary sources
4750:
4745:
4737:
4733:
4721:
4714:
4706:p. xvi tab. 5;
4702:
4698:
4690:
4686:
4678:p. 265 (§ 265)
4672:Anderson (1922)
4666:
4662:
4634:
4630:
4622:
4618:
4598:
4594:
4572:Dahlberg (2014)
4570:
4566:
4554:
4547:
4525:Dahlberg (2014)
4521:McDonald (2019)
4519:
4515:
4507:
4503:
4495:
4491:
4476:
4472:
4464:
4460:
4448:
4444:
4434:Anderson (1922)
4428:
4424:
4416:
4412:
4402:Anderson (1922)
4390:McDonald (2019)
4388:
4384:
4374:Anderson (1922)
4370:Williams (1997)
4368:pp. 87–88, 96;
4358:McDonald (2019)
4356:
4352:
4344:
4340:
4328:
4324:
4301:
4297:
4283:Anderson (1922)
4267:McDonald (2019)
4265:
4261:
4253:
4249:
4232:Crawford (1997)
4230:
4226:
4218:
4214:
4208:Anderson (1922)
4200:Crawford (1997)
4196:Waugh, D (2009)
4192:McDonald (2012)
4186:
4182:
4161:Anderson (1922)
4149:Williams (1997)
4139:pp. 52, 87–88;
4125:McDonald (2012)
4117:Dahlberg (2014)
4113:McDonald (2016)
4109:McDonald (2019)
4103:
4099:
4089:Dahlberg (2014)
4087:
4083:
4075:
4068:
4054:Dahlberg (2014)
4052:
4045:
4033:
4029:
4017:
4013:
3997:
3993:
3981:
3977:
3963:Anderson (1922)
3933:
3929:
3914:
3910:
3900:Anderson (1922)
3890:
3886:
3876:Crawford (2014)
3874:
3870:
3864:Crawford (2014)
3862:
3858:
3850:
3846:
3840:Bandlien (2006)
3838:
3834:
3816:Anderson (1922)
3804:Bandlien (2006)
3792:McDonald (2012)
3786:pp. 51–52, 78;
3784:Dahlberg (2014)
3780:Crawford (2014)
3776:McDonald (2016)
3774:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3746:
3742:
3726:
3719:
3702:Anderson (1922)
3692:
3688:
3680:
3676:
3664:
3660:
3652:
3648:
3634:Harrison (1876)
3628:
3624:
3608:
3604:
3586:McDonald (2016)
3584:
3580:
3552:Anderson (1922)
3536:McDonald (2016)
3534:
3530:
3520:Anderson (1922)
3504:McDonald (2016)
3502:
3498:
3488:McDonald (2016)
3486:
3482:
3463:
3459:
3451:
3444:
3436:Document 1/17/2
3421:
3417:
3409:
3405:
3397:Document 1/17/1
3386:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3362:Document 1/17/3
3353:McIntire (1943)
3341:McDonald (2016)
3339:
3335:
3327:
3323:
3311:
3307:
3297:Anderson (1922)
3287:
3283:
3275:
3271:
3256:
3252:
3238:McDonald (2016)
3236:
3232:
3220:
3216:
3208:
3204:
3194:Anderson (1922)
3178:McDonald (2019)
3176:
3172:
3162:Anderson (1922)
3138:Dahlberg (2014)
3134:McDonald (2019)
3132:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3110:Dahlberg (2014)
3108:
3104:
3094:Dahlberg (2014)
3092:
3088:
3074:Dahlberg (2014)
3072:
3068:
3056:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3032:
3028:
3018:Anderson (1922)
3006:Williams (1997)
2986:Dahlberg (2014)
2982:McDonald (2019)
2980:
2976:
2960:
2956:
2948:
2944:
2932:
2928:
2916:
2912:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2877:
2871:Crawford (2014)
2869:
2865:
2857:
2850:
2842:
2825:
2821:p. 38, 38 n. 5.
2813:
2809:
2805:p. 38, 38 n. 5.
2793:
2789:
2781:
2777:
2773:p. 38, 38 n. 5.
2753:
2749:
2733:
2729:
2721:
2717:
2711:Williams (1997)
2709:
2705:
2695:Anderson (1922)
2693:p. 260 n. 117;
2691:Williams (1997)
2673:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2647:McDonald (2019)
2645:
2641:
2619:McDonald (2019)
2617:
2613:
2597:
2593:
2583:McDonald (2012)
2579:McDonald (2016)
2577:
2573:
2555:McDonald (2012)
2553:
2546:
2538:p. 70 fig. 24;
2522:
2518:
2510:
2503:
2495:
2491:
2483:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2461:McDonald (2012)
2459:
2455:
2445:Stringer (2004)
2443:
2436:
2430:McDonald (1997)
2428:p. 192 tab. i;
2412:p. xvi tab. 5;
2408:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2380:
2376:
2364:
2360:
2340:
2336:
2324:
2320:
2304:
2300:
2284:
2280:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2244:
2240:
2226:McDonald (2019)
2224:
2220:
2210:Anderson (1922)
2198:McDonald (2019)
2196:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2168:
2164:
2148:
2144:
2136:
2132:
2128:p. 200 tab. ii.
2122:McDonald (1997)
2120:p. 192 tab. i;
2102:McDonald (2019)
2100:
2096:
2090:Bandlien (2006)
2070:McDonald (2012)
2062:McDonald (2016)
2060:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2038:Williams (1997)
2036:
2032:
2026:Crawford (2014)
2022:McDonald (2019)
2020:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1950:
1946:
1929:
1925:
1904:
1900:
1869:
1865:
1849:rí Airer Goidel
1844:
1840:
1825:
1821:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1758:
1701:
1688:
1670:Scottish Gaelic
1663:
1659:
1653:
1649:
1639:Harald Olavsson
1635:Harald Óláfsson
1631:Harald Olafsson
1620:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1334:
1305:Norwegian Crown
1280:Clann Domhnaill
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1221:
1148:
1090:Chronica majora
1074:
1064:Svðréyiakonvngs
1013:Chronica majora
970:Whithorn Priory
926:
925:
924:
923:
918:
917:
916:
915:
907:
899:
898:
897:
893:
827:
745:
744:
743:
742:
727:
726:
725:
724:
720:
712:
711:
710:
706:
695:
662:Norwegian Crown
591:
539:
529:
519:
509:
431:
413:
333:
316:Scottish realms
269:Clann Somhairle
241:
201:Scottish Crowns
106:
50:
38:Codex Frisianus
19:
12:
11:
5:
8524:
8514:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8501:Crovan dynasty
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8457:
8452:
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8411:
8409:
8403:
8402:
8400:
8399:
8394:
8392:Treaty of 1098
8389:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8359:
8354:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8328:
8326:
8322:
8321:
8319:
8318:
8313:
8311:Northern Isles
8308:
8302:
8300:
8296:
8295:
8293:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8266:
8264:
8258:
8257:
8255:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8213:
8211:
8205:
8204:
8202:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8184:
8179:
8172:
8167:
8165:Lewis chessmen
8162:
8157:
8155:Galloway Hoard
8152:
8145:
8138:
8132:
8130:
8126:
8125:
8123:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8107:
8102:
8097:
8092:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8041:
8039:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8004:Outer Hebrides
8001:
7996:
7991:
7989:Gall-Ghàidheil
7986:
7981:
7975:
7973:
7969:
7968:
7966:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7933:Olaf the White
7930:
7925:
7920:
7914:
7912:
7908:
7907:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7823:
7821:
7817:
7816:
7814:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7796:Crovan dynasty
7793:
7788:
7782:
7780:
7776:
7775:
7768:
7767:
7760:
7753:
7745:
7736:
7735:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7726:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7684:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7657:
7655:
7651:
7650:
7648:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7632:
7627:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7607:
7601:
7599:
7595:
7594:
7592:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7569:Gofraid Crobán
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7534:
7533:
7527:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7495:
7493:
7489:
7488:
7486:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7464:
7459:
7452:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7443:
7442:
7437:
7427:
7421:
7419:
7415:
7414:
7403:
7402:
7395:
7388:
7380:
7372:
7371:
7366:
7363:
7354:
7339:
7335:
7334:
7333:Regnal titles
7330:
7329:
7318:Crovan dynasty
7315:
7312:
7307:
7306:
7294:
7280:
7279:External links
7277:
7275:
7274:
7268:
7255:
7249:
7233:
7213:
7197:(PhD thesis).
7190:
7176:
7163:
7135:
7090:
7054:
7037:
7031:
7014:
6974:
6968:
6951:
6911:
6905:
6885:
6879:
6862:
6832:
6823:
6817:
6800:
6780:
6765:
6751:
6738:
6698:
6692:(PhD thesis).
6683:
6663:
6645:
6631:
6614:
6608:
6591:
6548:
6508:
6485:
6458:
6444:
6423:
6409:
6384:
6378:
6349:
6343:
6330:
6324:
6311:
6305:
6292:
6286:
6269:
6254:
6241:
6224:
6169:
6127:
6095:
6089:
6076:
6031:
6005:
5989:
5983:
5966:
5909:
5903:
5886:
5846:
5806:
5790:(PhD thesis).
5783:
5757:
5734:
5712:
5698:
5681:
5675:
5658:
5625:
5587:
5581:(PhD thesis).
5572:
5566:
5546:
5540:
5520:
5495:
5489:
5472:
5466:
5446:
5440:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5414:
5403:
5391:, ed. (1878).
5385:
5359:, ed. (1871).
5353:
5347:
5321:
5295:
5265:
5227:
5205:
5199:
5182:
5162:
5151:
5140:
5122:
5111:
5096:
5080:, ed. (1853).
5074:
5056:
5022:
4988:
4954:
4920:
4908:, ed. (1894).
4902:
4862:
4848:
4834:
4811:
4803:, ed. (1922).
4797:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4731:
4712:
4696:
4684:
4660:
4652:Thomson (2008)
4628:
4616:
4608:Thomson (2008)
4592:
4564:
4545:
4513:
4501:
4499:p. 497 n. 185.
4489:
4470:
4458:
4442:
4422:
4410:
4382:
4350:
4348:pp. 87–88, 90.
4338:
4322:
4295:
4259:
4247:
4224:
4212:
4180:
4151:pp. 118, 152;
4133:Thomson (2008)
4129:Wærdahl (2011)
4097:
4081:
4066:
4043:
4027:
4011:
3991:
3975:
3927:
3908:
3884:
3880:Johnsen (1969)
3868:
3856:
3852:Orfield (2002)
3844:
3832:
3768:
3756:
3740:
3717:
3686:
3674:
3658:
3646:
3642:Camdeno (1607)
3622:
3602:
3578:
3576:vol. 19 § 238.
3569:pt. 1 p. 155;
3548:Johnsen (1969)
3528:
3516:Johnsen (1969)
3496:
3480:
3457:
3442:
3425:p. 198 § 171;
3415:
3403:
3380:
3368:
3333:
3321:
3305:
3281:
3269:
3250:
3230:
3214:
3202:
3188:p. 298 n. 59;
3170:
3158:Johnsen (1969)
3126:
3122:Johnsen (1969)
3114:
3102:
3098:McNamee (2005)
3086:
3082:McNamee (2005)
3066:
3062:Johnsen (1969)
3058:McNamee (2005)
3050:
3038:
3026:
3014:Johnsen (1969)
2974:
2954:
2950:O'Grady (2008)
2942:
2934:O'Grady (2008)
2926:
2918:O'Grady (2008)
2910:
2898:O'Grady (2008)
2890:
2875:
2863:
2848:
2823:
2807:
2787:
2775:
2747:
2727:
2715:
2713:p. 260 n. 117.
2703:
2667:
2655:
2639:
2611:
2591:
2571:
2544:
2516:
2501:
2489:
2477:
2465:
2453:
2434:
2416:p. 27 tab. 1;
2402:
2398:McNamee (2005)
2390:
2386:McNamee (2005)
2374:
2370:McNamee (2005)
2358:
2346:McNamee (2005)
2334:
2330:McNamee (2005)
2318:
2310:McNamee (2005)
2298:
2290:McNamee (2005)
2278:
2262:
2250:
2238:
2218:
2190:
2178:
2172:p. 27 tab. 1;
2162:
2142:
2130:
2108:p. 27 tab. 1;
2104:p. ix tab. 1;
2094:
2054:
2042:
2030:
2014:
2002:
1990:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1944:
1923:
1898:
1863:
1838:
1819:
1779:
1770:
1756:
1699:grid reference
1686:grid reference
1657:
1647:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1342:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1314:Scottish Crown
1258:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1219:grid reference
1207:Sumburgh Roost
1161:, a dangerous
1159:Sumburgh Roost
1147:
1144:
1073:
1070:
1038:William Camden
920:
919:
909:
908:
901:
900:
895:
894:
887:
886:
885:
884:
883:
826:
823:
735:Manx runestone
729:
728:
722:
721:
714:
713:
708:
707:
700:
699:
698:
697:
696:
694:
691:
675:Scottish Crown
624:
623:
620:
618:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
588:
586:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
552:
550:
549:
547:
545:
537:
535:
527:
525:
517:
515:
506:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
482:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
444:
442:
441:
439:
437:
429:
427:
425:
423:
421:
419:
410:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
390:
389:
387:
385:
383:
381:
379:
377:
375:
373:
371:
369:
367:
365:
363:
361:
358:
356:
355:
353:
351:
349:
347:
345:
343:
341:
339:
326:
325:
257:Crovan dynasty
240:
237:
154:Crovan dynasty
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
128:Crovan dynasty
125:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
108:Sumburgh Roost
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
52:
51:
34:
26:
25:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8523:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8473:
8471:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8412:
8410:
8408:
8404:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8329:
8327:
8323:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8303:
8301:
8297:
8291:
8290:Old Norwegian
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8267:
8265:
8263:
8259:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8227:Law Ting Holm
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8214:
8212:
8210:
8206:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8189:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8177:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8150:
8146:
8144:
8143:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8133:
8131:
8127:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8096:
8093:
8091:
8090:Linton Chapel
8088:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8042:
8040:
8036:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7970:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7943:Páll Bálkason
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7915:
7913:
7909:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7820:Notable women
7818:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7786:List of kings
7784:
7783:
7781:
7777:
7773:
7766:
7761:
7759:
7754:
7752:
7747:
7746:
7743:
7733:^ Speculative
7730:
7724:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7714:
7711:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7685:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7658:
7656:
7652:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7602:
7600:
7596:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7531:
7528:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7496:
7494:
7490:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7473:Amlaíb Cuarán
7471:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7457:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7447:
7441:
7440:Amlaíb Conung
7438:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7420:
7416:
7412:
7408:
7401:
7396:
7394:
7389:
7387:
7382:
7381:
7378:
7369:
7360:
7359:
7352:
7351:
7350:
7342:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7320:
7319:
7310:
7304:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7287:
7283:
7282:
7271:
7265:
7261:
7256:
7252:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7234:
7230:
7226:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7191:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7173:
7169:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7141:
7136:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7105:
7104:
7096:
7091:
7087:
7081:
7065:
7064:
7059:
7055:
7051:
7047:
7043:
7038:
7034:
7028:
7024:
7020:
7015:
7011:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6987:
6981:
6975:
6971:
6969:0-7083-1474-0
6965:
6961:
6957:
6952:
6948:
6933:
6929:
6925:
6924:
6918:
6912:
6908:
6906:1-86232-151-5
6902:
6898:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6880:1-874744-86-6
6876:
6872:
6869:. Edinburgh:
6868:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6851:
6847:
6846:
6838:
6833:
6829:
6824:
6820:
6814:
6810:
6807:. Edinburgh:
6806:
6801:
6788:
6783:
6777:
6773:
6772:
6766:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6752:90-04-14206-1
6748:
6744:
6739:
6735:
6720:
6716:
6712:
6711:
6705:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6690:
6684:
6671:
6666:
6660:
6656:
6655:
6650:
6646:
6642:
6638:
6634:
6632:90-04-14206-1
6628:
6624:
6620:
6615:
6611:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6592:
6577:
6573:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6554:
6549:
6545:
6530:
6526:
6522:
6521:
6515:
6509:
6505:
6501:
6497:
6493:
6492:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6472:
6468:
6464:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6441:
6437:
6433:
6429:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6402:
6398:
6394:
6390:
6385:
6381:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6336:
6331:
6327:
6321:
6317:
6312:
6308:
6302:
6298:
6293:
6289:
6283:
6279:
6275:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6261:
6255:
6252:
6248:
6244:
6242:0-520-04981-0
6238:
6234:
6230:
6225:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6178:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6138:
6137:
6132:
6128:
6117:
6113:
6112:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6092:
6086:
6082:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6065:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6047:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6020:
6019:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5995:
5990:
5986:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5967:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5918:
5914:
5910:
5906:
5904:1-85182-974-1
5900:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5868:
5864:
5860:
5859:
5853:
5847:
5843:
5828:
5824:
5820:
5819:
5813:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5784:
5780:
5776:
5772:
5768:
5767:
5762:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5744:
5741:(MA thesis).
5740:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5722:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5695:
5691:
5687:
5682:
5678:
5676:0-7185-1197-2
5672:
5668:
5664:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5631:
5626:
5622:
5616:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5579:
5573:
5569:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5541:0-7486-1237-8
5537:
5533:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5496:
5492:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5473:
5469:
5467:0-8020-6448-5
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5441:2-503-52163-0
5437:
5433:
5429:
5424:
5423:
5411:
5410:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5364:
5363:
5358:
5354:
5350:
5348:82-7061-192-1
5344:
5339:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5256:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5212:
5206:
5202:
5200:0-7083-1897-5
5196:
5192:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5169:
5163:
5159:
5158:
5152:
5148:
5147:
5141:
5137:
5136:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5118:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5097:
5093:
5092:Henry G. Bohn
5089:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5057:
5053:
5047:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5013:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4945:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4893:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4817:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4788:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4740:
4735:
4729:p. 27 tab. 1.
4728:
4724:
4719:
4717:
4710:p. 27 tab. 1.
4709:
4705:
4700:
4693:
4688:
4681:
4677:
4676:Dasent (1894)
4673:
4669:
4664:
4657:
4656:Barrow (1981)
4653:
4649:
4648:Sellar (2004)
4645:
4641:
4637:
4632:
4625:
4620:
4613:
4612:Barrow (1981)
4609:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4589:
4588:Barrow (1981)
4585:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4561:
4560:Sellar (2004)
4557:
4552:
4550:
4542:
4541:Sellar (2000)
4538:
4534:
4533:Sellar (2004)
4530:
4526:
4522:
4517:
4510:
4505:
4498:
4493:
4486:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4467:
4462:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4439:
4436:pp. 507–509;
4435:
4431:
4426:
4419:
4414:
4407:
4404:pp. 566–567;
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4354:
4347:
4342:
4336:frontispiece.
4335:
4334:Oswald (1860)
4331:
4326:
4319:
4317:
4313:pp. 309–310;
4312:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4292:
4288:
4287:Dowden (1912)
4285:pp. 546–547;
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4263:
4256:
4251:
4244:
4242:
4237:
4233:
4228:
4221:
4216:
4209:
4205:
4204:Barrow (1981)
4201:
4197:
4194:pp. 143–144;
4193:
4189:
4184:
4177:
4175:
4171:pp. 100–101;
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4127:pp. 143–144;
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4078:
4073:
4071:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4050:
4048:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4008:
4007:Sellar (2000)
4004:
4000:
3995:
3988:
3984:
3979:
3972:
3968:
3967:Dasent (1894)
3965:pp. 547–548;
3964:
3960:
3959:Sellar (2000)
3956:
3955:McLeod (2002)
3952:
3951:Sellar (2004)
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3924:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3888:
3881:
3877:
3872:
3865:
3860:
3853:
3848:
3841:
3836:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3820:Dasent (1894)
3817:
3813:
3812:Barrow (1981)
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3765:
3760:
3753:
3749:
3744:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3722:
3714:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3694:McLeod (2002)
3690:
3683:
3678:
3671:
3670:Sellar (2000)
3667:
3666:McLeod (2002)
3662:
3655:
3650:
3643:
3639:
3638:Selden (1672)
3635:
3631:
3626:
3619:
3618:Sellar (2000)
3615:
3614:McLeod (2002)
3611:
3606:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3575:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3563:Oliver (1861)
3560:
3558:
3554:p. 542 n. 3;
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3477:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3429:pp. 195–196;
3428:
3424:
3419:
3412:
3407:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:Oliver (1861)
3389:
3384:
3377:
3372:
3365:
3363:
3358:
3357:Oliver (1861)
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3337:
3330:
3325:
3318:
3317:Rixson (1982)
3315:pp. 204–206;
3314:
3309:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3293:Rixson (1982)
3291:pp. 99, 152;
3290:
3285:
3278:
3273:
3266:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3247:
3246:Rixson (1982)
3243:
3239:
3234:
3227:
3226:Oliver (1861)
3223:
3218:
3211:
3206:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3186:Murray (2005)
3183:
3179:
3174:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3152:pp. 87, 151;
3151:
3148:pp. 107–108;
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3123:
3118:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3010:Barrow (1981)
3007:
3003:
3000:pp. 87, 151;
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2978:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2872:
2867:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2820:
2817:pp. 106–107;
2816:
2811:
2804:
2801:pp. 106–107;
2800:
2796:
2791:
2784:
2779:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2751:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2724:
2719:
2712:
2707:
2700:
2697:pp. 507–509;
2696:
2692:
2688:
2685:pp. 52, 106;
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2608:
2607:Wilson (1973)
2604:
2600:
2595:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2568:
2567:Wilson (1973)
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2549:
2542:p. 57 fig. 9.
2541:
2537:
2536:Cubbon (1952)
2533:
2532:Rixson (1982)
2529:
2525:
2520:
2513:
2512:Barrow (1981)
2508:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2486:
2481:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2431:
2427:
2426:Sellar (2000)
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2399:
2394:
2387:
2384:pp. 158–158;
2383:
2378:
2371:
2367:
2366:Duffy (2004b)
2362:
2355:
2351:
2350:Duffy (2004b)
2347:
2343:
2338:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2315:
2314:Duffy (2004b)
2311:
2307:
2302:
2295:
2294:Duffy (2004b)
2291:
2287:
2282:
2275:
2274:Duffy (2004b)
2271:
2266:
2259:
2254:
2247:
2242:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2187:
2182:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2140:p. 27 tab. 1.
2139:
2134:
2127:
2124:p. 259 tab.;
2123:
2119:
2118:Sellar (2000)
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2006:
1999:
1998:McLeod (2002)
1994:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1927:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1902:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1888:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1842:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1823:
1816:
1812:
1811:Matthew Paris
1808:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1774:
1766:
1760:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1713:
1709:
1706:) within the
1704:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1651:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1614:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1326:successor-son
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1287:
1286:connections.
1285:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1262:
1252:
1241:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:Sumburgh Head
1208:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:In 1248, the
1176:
1172:
1170:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:Sumburgh Head
1152:
1143:
1141:
1140:Irish sources
1137:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1052:rí Innsi Gall
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1024:rex insularum
1019:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
996:
994:
988:
987:
981:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
957:
951:
949:
943:
939:
937:
931:
930:Furness Abbey
913:
905:
891:
882:
879:
875:
870:
866:
862:
861:clinker-built
857:
853:
848:
840:
836:
831:
822:
818:
816:
811:
802:
801:assembly site
798:
794:
790:
786:
784:
782:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
751:
740:
736:
732:
718:
704:
690:
688:
687:English Crown
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
641:
635:
631:
619:
594:
589:
587:
553:
551:
542:
532:
522:
512:
507:
504:
496:
494:
486:
484:
483:
478:
470:
468:
460:
458:
445:
443:
434:
416:
411:
408:
392:
391:
380:
364:
359:
357:
336:
331:
328:
327:
323:
322:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
295:
292:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
264:
258:
254:
245:
236:
234:
230:
226:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:rex insularum
173:
171:
167:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
139:
136:
132:
129:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
109:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
53:
48:
46:
40:
39:
32:
27:
22:
16:
8476:1220s births
8270:Middle Irish
8186:
8174:
8149:Darraðarljóð
8147:
8140:
8100:Old Scatness
7918:Caittil Find
7872:Isabel Bruce
7697:
7688:Óspakr-Hákon
7654:13th century
7598:12th century
7492:11th century
7449:10th century
7356:
7346:
7345:
7324:
7316:
7289:
7259:
7240:
7228:
7224:
7194:
7167:
7150:
7146:
7127:. Retrieved
7120:the original
7107:
7101:
7068:. Retrieved
7061:
7045:
7018:
6998:. Retrieved
6984:
6955:
6935:. Retrieved
6921:
6896:
6866:
6849:
6843:
6827:
6804:
6792:. Retrieved
6787:the original
6770:
6742:
6722:. Retrieved
6708:
6688:
6675:. Retrieved
6670:the original
6653:
6622:
6595:
6583:. Retrieved
6576:the original
6563:
6559:
6532:. Retrieved
6518:
6495:
6489:
6470:
6466:
6427:
6388:
6357:
6334:
6315:
6296:
6273:
6259:
6228:
6187:
6183:
6173:Kermode, PMC
6143:(1): 18–64.
6140:
6134:
6119:. Retrieved
6109:
6080:
6045:
6039:
6023:. Retrieved
6016:
6000:
5984:1-852850-140
5970:
5929:
5923:
5890:
5870:. Retrieved
5856:
5830:. Retrieved
5816:
5787:
5765:
5738:
5720:
5685:
5662:
5640:(1): 15–29.
5637:
5633:
5603:. Retrieved
5599:the original
5594:
5577:
5553:
5550:Carpenter, D
5527:
5516:the original
5503:
5480:
5453:
5427:
5408:
5393:
5389:Vigfusson, G
5361:
5328:
5309:Thomas Dring
5303:
5281:
5273:Sanderson, R
5243:. Retrieved
5239:the original
5234:
5210:
5186:
5166:
5156:
5145:
5134:
5116:
5107:Manx Society
5101:
5082:
5060:
5034:. Retrieved
5029:
5000:. Retrieved
4995:
4966:. Retrieved
4961:
4932:. Retrieved
4927:
4910:
4880:. Retrieved
4876:the original
4869:
4856:
4838:
4815:
4805:
4801:Anderson, AO
4775:. Retrieved
4771:the original
4764:
4734:
4699:
4687:
4663:
4658:pp. 115–116.
4644:Brown (2004)
4640:Power (2005)
4631:
4624:Brown (2004)
4619:
4604:Brown (2004)
4595:
4580:Brown (2004)
4567:
4516:
4509:Lewis (1987)
4504:
4497:Lewis (1987)
4492:
4482:
4478:Lewis (1987)
4473:
4461:
4445:
4425:
4418:Woolf (2007)
4413:
4408:pp. 102–105.
4398:Woolf (2007)
4385:
4380:pp. 100–103.
4360:pp. 25, 70;
4353:
4341:
4325:
4320:vol. 1 § 28.
4315:
4307:Cowan (1978)
4298:
4293:pp. 100–101.
4281:pp. 34, 42;
4275:Woolf (2003)
4262:
4250:
4240:
4227:
4215:
4183:
4174:Flateyjarbok
4173:
4153:Storm (1977)
4145:Power (2005)
4141:Woolf (2007)
4111:pp. 25, 70;
4100:
4093:Woolf (2007)
4084:
4077:Woolf (2007)
4062:Woolf (2007)
4039:Brown (2004)
4030:
4023:Woolf (2007)
4014:
4003:Woolf (2007)
3994:
3987:Woolf (2007)
3978:
3947:Brown (2004)
3943:Power (2005)
3939:Woolf (2007)
3930:
3920:
3916:Unger (1871)
3911:
3906:pp. 100–101.
3887:
3871:
3859:
3847:
3835:
3808:Frame (1989)
3800:Woolf (2007)
3771:
3764:Imsen (2010)
3759:
3748:Lewis (1987)
3743:
3732:Lewis (1987)
3730:p. 13 n. 2;
3728:Imsen (2010)
3711:Flateyjarbok
3710:
3698:Storm (1977)
3689:
3682:Duffy (2006)
3677:
3661:
3649:
3625:
3605:
3598:Giles (1853)
3594:Luard (1877)
3581:
3571:
3556:
3544:Woolf (2007)
3531:
3512:Woolf (2007)
3499:
3483:
3473:
3460:
3435:
3418:
3413:pp. 194–195.
3406:
3396:
3383:
3371:
3361:
3336:
3331:pp. 180–182.
3324:
3308:
3303:pp. 108–109.
3284:
3272:
3262:
3253:
3248:pp. 127–128.
3233:
3217:
3205:
3190:Duffy (1993)
3173:
3154:Brown (2004)
3129:
3117:
3105:
3089:
3078:Moore (2013)
3069:
3053:
3041:
3029:
3002:Brown (2004)
2977:
2957:
2945:
2929:
2913:
2893:
2866:
2819:Smith (1998)
2810:
2803:Smith (1998)
2790:
2785:pp. 106–107.
2778:
2771:Smith (1998)
2755:Moore (2013)
2750:
2735:Moore (2013)
2730:
2718:
2706:
2689:p. 38 n. 5;
2687:Smith (1998)
2679:Moore (2013)
2670:
2665:pp. 171–172.
2658:
2642:
2635:Duffy (1993)
2631:Power (2005)
2614:
2594:
2574:
2519:
2497:Helle (2009)
2492:
2487:pp. 106–108.
2480:
2468:
2456:
2449:Helle (2009)
2422:Brown (2004)
2418:Power (2005)
2405:
2393:
2377:
2361:
2337:
2321:
2301:
2281:
2265:
2253:
2241:
2234:Woolf (2007)
2221:
2206:Woolf (2007)
2193:
2188:p. 79 n. 48.
2181:
2174:Woolf (2007)
2165:
2158:Woolf (2007)
2145:
2133:
2114:Brown (2004)
2112:p. 34 tab.;
2110:Power (2005)
2097:
2086:Woolf (2007)
2057:
2045:
2033:
2017:
2010:Duffy (1993)
2005:
1993:
1983:
1979:Unger (1871)
1974:
1947:
1936:gules and a
1934:lion rampant
1931:
1926:
1909:ordered the
1901:
1891:
1885:
1866:
1854:
1846:
1841:
1827:
1822:
1802:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1765:Óspakr-Hákon
1759:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1694:
1673:
1665:
1660:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1321:
1302:
1294:
1271:
1268:
1194:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1166:
1129:
1123:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1088:
1081:Coat of arms
1061:
1049:
1029:
1021:
1011:
1000:
990:
984:
953:
945:
940:" (probably
936:Bakenaldwath
933:
927:
877:
852:antiquarians
844:
819:
807:
793:Tynwald Hill
778:
775:Gwerthrynion
749:
746:
637:
627:
520:
511:Guðrøðr Dond
308:Guðrøðr Dond
296:
288:
260:
250:
221:
180:
176:
174:
162:
145:
144:
97:1222 or 1223
42:
36:
15:
8481:1248 deaths
8387:Vestrajǫrðr
8362:Isle of Man
8038:Archaeology
7938:Olvir Rosta
7418:9th century
7110:: 107–120.
6958:. Cardiff:
6889:Sellar, WDH
6649:Neville, CJ
6585:28 February
6566:: 173–182.
6131:Johnsen, AO
6098:Insley, J;
6048:(4): 1–19.
5932:: 192–220.
5913:Duncan, AAM
5769:. Glasgow:
5605:23 February
5456:. Toronto:
5450:Barrow, GWS
5189:. Cardiff:
4761:"AM 45 Fol"
4723:Oram (2011)
4704:Oram (2011)
4636:Oram (2013)
4600:Oram (2013)
4576:Oram (2013)
4574:pp. 52–54;
4556:Oram (2013)
4529:Oram (2013)
4466:Oram (2005)
4454:Oram (2005)
4450:Oram (2013)
4430:Oram (2013)
4400:pp. 78–82;
4362:Oram (2013)
4303:Lowe (1988)
4279:Lowe (1988)
4271:Oram (2013)
4202:pp. 19–20;
4121:Oram (2013)
4058:Oram (2013)
4056:pp. 51–52;
4041:pp. 80, 81.
4035:Oram (2013)
3999:Oram (2013)
3983:Oram (2013)
3935:Oram (2013)
3892:Oram (2013)
3830:pp. 98–101.
3788:Oram (2013)
3668:pp. 26–28;
3471:pp. 98–99;
3394:pp. 77–78;
3359:pp. 79–81;
3182:Oram (2013)
3156:pp. 79–80;
3142:Oram (2013)
3004:pp. 79–80;
2990:Oram (2013)
2972:pp. 92, 94.
2844:Oram (2013)
2795:Oram (2013)
2675:Oram (2013)
2653:pp. 87, 90.
2623:Oram (2013)
2605:pp. 54–55;
2601:pp. 58–60;
2561:pp. 58–59;
2432:p. 259 tab.
2410:Oram (2011)
2354:Gade (1994)
2344:pp. 79–80;
2308:pp. 78–79;
2288:pp. 70–72;
2248:pp. 87, 90.
2066:Oram (2013)
1881:Start Point
1487:(died 1176)
1450:(died 1237)
1394:(died 1187)
1367:(died 1153)
1042:John Selden
962:Manx parish
956:Ballacgniba
841:of Haraldr.
731:Maughold IV
543:(died 1265)
533:(died 1249)
523:(died 1248)
513:(died 1231)
435:(died 1237)
417:(died 1229)
337:(died 1187)
70:Predecessor
8470:Categories
8440:MacDougall
8435:Mac Coitir
8337:Brunanburh
8232:Lunnasting
7362:1237–1248
7208:10023/7088
7012:required.)
6949:required.)
6736:required.)
6546:required.)
6276:. Dublin:
6116:De Gruyter
5973:. London:
5884:required.)
5844:required.)
5801:2262/77137
5558:Allen Lane
5338:10802/5009
5245:7 November
5036:1 November
5002:1 November
4968:1 November
4906:Dasent, GW
4882:27 January
4852:Camdeno, G
4842:. London:
4777:15 January
4766:Handrit.is
4748:References
4468:pp. 36–37.
4456:pp. 36–37.
4440:pp. 94–97.
4420:pp. 78–82.
4255:JAL (1858)
4095:pp. 83–84.
4079:pp. 83–84.
4064:pp. 83–84.
3526:pp. 98–99.
3228:pp. 13–14.
3200:pp. 98–99.
3168:pp. 96–99.
3024:pp. 96–97.
2873:pp. 74–75.
2701:pp. 94–97.
2216:pp. 94–95.
2176:pp. 81–82.
2160:pp. 81–82.
1831:lendr maðr
1708:Hinnisdale
1668:(known in
1203:tidal race
1163:tidal race
1018:Easter day
942:Ronaldsway
771:Maelienydd
759:foster-son
595:(fl. 1249)
239:Background
8455:MacDonald
8425:Somhairle
8299:Etymology
8280:Old Norse
8242:Sandsting
8182:Ounceland
8075:Earl's Bu
8065:Camas Uig
7984:Dál Riata
7923:Ingimundr
7579:Ingimundr
7462:Gebeachan
7225:Saga-Book
7186:1569-1462
7159:0305-506X
7153:: 69–90.
7129:12 August
7116:2054-9385
7042:Wagner, A
6893:Cowan, EJ
6858:0305-9219
6845:Saga-Book
6761:1569-1462
6641:1569-1462
6572:0141-1292
6504:1353-0089
6498:: 25–48.
6454:204624404
6419:0583-9106
6393:Routledge
6354:Hudson, B
6220:223924724
6212:0081-1564
6204:2056-743X
6190:: 50–62.
6157:0036-9241
6149:1750-0222
6105:"Tynwald"
6100:Wilson, D
6072:1461-9571
6064:1741-2722
5962:189977430
5954:0081-1564
5946:2056-743X
5761:Dowden, J
5752:1956/9171
5730:24831804M
5716:Cubbon, W
5708:1569-1462
5654:2516-6298
5646:2516-6301
5512:1478-1409
5381:23385970M
5357:Unger, CR
5317:23348670M
5299:Selden, J
5291:23299419M
5277:Holmes, G
5223:24776997M
5126:Munch, PA
5078:Giles, JA
5070:23388689M
4824:cite book
4674:pp. 555;
3921:AM 45 Fol
1984:AM 45 Fol
1967:Citations
1905:In 1244,
1741:tingualla
1731:tyngualla
1697:(perhaps
1274:Dofnaldus
1215:Fair Isle
1008:Pentecost
912:St Ninian
797:St John's
640:Suðreyjar
531:Rǫgnvaldr
415:Rǫgnvaldr
312:Norwegian
217:Rǫgnvaldr
197:Norwegian
80:Successor
65:1237–1248
8450:Macruari
8420:Uí Ímair
8357:Epiphany
8342:Clontarf
8316:Hebrides
8262:Language
8247:Tingwall
8222:Dingwall
8209:Althings
8199:Udal law
8160:Hogbacks
8095:Maeshowe
8080:Jarlshof
8024:Scotland
8009:Shetland
7994:Lochlann
7928:Ljótólfr
7811:Uí Ímair
7620:Somerled
7237:Woolf, A
7080:cite web
7044:(1967).
6852:: 5–66.
6619:Oram, RD
6473:: 1–19.
6251:3163004M
6175:(1916).
6165:25528786
6102:(2006).
6011:(2009).
6009:Helle, K
5779:6545683M
5718:(1952).
5615:cite web
5552:(2003).
5526:(2004).
5524:Brown, M
5477:Imsen, S
5452:(1981).
5325:Storm, G
5301:(1672).
5269:Rymer, T
5255:cite web
5046:cite web
5012:cite web
4978:cite web
4944:cite web
4934:15 March
4892:cite web
4854:(1607).
4787:cite web
4670:ch. 10;
4654:p. 140;
4610:p. 140;
4586:ch. 10;
4539:ch. 10;
4372:p. 260;
4289:p. 278;
4277:p. 178;
4238:p. 156;
4206:p. 111;
4198:p. 112;
4167:p. 374;
4159:p. 207;
4155:p. 132;
4135:p. 140;
4115:p. 339;
4021:p. 165;
3918:p. 524;
3902:p. 546;
3898:p. 151;
3814:p. 111;
3810:p. 148;
3798:p. 151;
3794:p. 143;
3778:p. 339;
3750:p. 456;
3734:p. 456;
3708:p. 374;
3704:p. 551;
3700:p. 132;
3632:p. 162;
3612:p. 162;
3596:p. 551;
3592:p. 163;
3588:p. 340;
3561:p. 469;
3542:p. 215;
3538:p. 340;
3522:p. 542;
3510:p. 215;
3506:p. 340;
3490:p. 340;
3433:p. 176;
3390:p. 195;
3343:p. 335;
3299:p. 578;
3295:p. 127;
3240:p. 341;
3224:p. 204;
3196:p. 533;
3192:p. 107;
3164:p. 512;
3020:p. 512;
3012:p. 111;
3008:p. 260;
2765:p. 106;
2585:p. 151;
2581:p. 337;
2557:p. 151;
2212:p. 507;
1981:p. 535;
1915:Niðaróss
1815:heraldry
1788:blazoned
1710:area on
1703:NG415583
1655:dynasty.
1332:Ancestry
1223:HU405070
1191:Shetland
1003:knighted
974:Galloway
948:Balhamer
804:century.
630:Hebrides
213:Shetland
205:knighted
185:charters
183:. Three
8445:MacLeod
8377:Skyhill
8372:Renfrew
8285:Pictish
8252:Tynwald
8237:Nesting
8217:Delting
8136:Birlinn
8045:Bornish
7972:History
7425:Gofraid
7409:of the
7231:: 1–18.
7070:4 March
7063:Canmore
7023:Birlinn
6871:Birlinn
6809:Birlinn
6794:15 June
6677:15 June
6621:(ed.).
6356:(ed.).
6121:7 March
6025:6 March
5479:(ed.).
5130:Goss, A
4846:. 1906.
4694:ch. 12.
4646:p. 80;
4642:p. 47;
4614:p. 111.
4606:p. 80;
4590:p. 115.
4582:p. 80;
4543:p. 204.
4527:p. 52;
4523:p. 33;
4511:p. 466.
4396:p. 99;
4309:p. 15;
4305:p. 35;
4269:p. 14;
4190:p. 13;
4178:p. 531.
4147:p. 46;
4143:p. 84;
4131:p. 49;
4119:p. 52;
4107:p. 13;
4091:p. 56;
4009:p. 201.
3957:p. 30;
3949:p. 80;
3945:p. 46;
3941:p. 83;
3878:p. 79;
3854:p. 138.
3842:p. 228.
3802:p. 83;
3782:p. 79;
3715:p. 531.
3696:p. 28;
3672:p. 198.
3656:p. 162.
3644:p. 847.
3640:p. 24;
3620:p. 193.
3600:p. 168.
3565:p. 82;
3546:p. 84;
3514:p. 84;
3467:p. 38;
3455:p. 202.
3347:p. 49;
3319:p. 127.
3279:p. 204.
3140:p. 51;
3136:p. 13;
3096:p. 51;
3080:ch. 3;
3076:p. 51;
2988:p. 51;
2984:p. 69;
2952:p. 194.
2757:ch. 3;
2745:p. 106.
2741:p. 55;
2737:ch. 3;
2725:p. 106.
2681:ch. 3;
2649:p. 75;
2637:p. 107.
2633:p. 46;
2526:p. 59;
2514:p. 111.
2475:p. 105.
2463:p. 152.
2420:p. 34;
2356:p. 199.
2328:p. 79;
2232:p. 40;
2228:p. 61;
2208:p. 82;
2200:p. 61;
2152:p. 36;
1957:Ireland
1953:Britain
1938:bordure
1896:]".
1872:current
1768:nephew.
1748:Tynwald
1695:Tinwhil
1693:), and
1666:Tiongal
1310:magnate
1197:Dynröst
1169:Dynröst
1165:called
835:charter
795:, near
723:Image b
709:Image a
667:floruit
593:Haraldr
521:Haraldr
335:Guðrøðr
225:floruit
193:English
8347:Dollar
8050:Birsay
8029:Norway
7999:Orkney
7837:Bjaðǫk
7779:Rulers
7407:Rulers
7323:
7266:
7247:
7184:
7174:
7157:
7114:
7029:
7006:
7000:5 July
6966:
6943:
6937:5 July
6903:
6877:
6856:
6815:
6778:
6759:
6749:
6730:
6724:5 July
6661:
6639:
6629:
6606:
6570:
6540:
6534:5 July
6502:
6452:
6442:
6417:
6407:
6376:
6341:
6322:
6303:
6284:
6249:
6239:
6218:
6210:
6202:
6163:
6155:
6147:
6087:
6070:
6062:
5981:
5960:
5952:
5944:
5901:
5878:
5872:5 July
5838:
5832:5 July
5777:
5728:
5706:
5696:
5673:
5652:
5644:
5564:
5538:
5510:
5487:
5464:
5438:
5379:
5345:
5315:
5289:
5221:
5197:
5168:People
5068:
4741:p. 71.
4626:p. 80.
4485:(n.d.)
4318:(n.d.)
4257:p. 66.
4243:(n.d.)
4222:p. 70.
4176:(1868)
4025:p. 77.
3989:p. 83.
3923:(n.d.)
3882:p. 27.
3866:p. 79.
3754:p. 72.
3738:p. 72.
3713:(1868)
3684:p. 54.
3636:p. 7;
3574:(n.d.)
3559:(1906)
3476:(n.d.)
3438:(n.d.)
3399:(n.d.)
3378:p. 45.
3364:(n.d.)
3355:p. 9;
3267:p. 39.
3265:(n.d.)
3124:p. 27.
3112:p. 51.
3064:p. 26.
2569:p. 15.
2260:p. 70.
2236:p. 82.
1986:(n.d.)
1932:or, a
1876:Orkney
1690:NB1937
1641:, and
1318:Argyll
1284:Ulster
1113:Bergen
1048:title
1046:Gaelic
968:), to
966:Marown
815:vassal
810:homage
658:Dublin
654:Orkney
646:Norway
541:Magnús
229:Argyll
199:, and
170:homage
134:Father
114:Spouse
8367:Largs
8352:Barry
8332:Bauds
7514:Gilli
7325:Died:
7221:(PDF)
7143:(PDF)
7123:(PDF)
7098:(PDF)
7066:. n.d
6840:(PDF)
6579:(PDF)
6556:(PDF)
6450:S2CID
6216:S2CID
6200:eISSN
6180:(PDF)
6161:JSTOR
6145:eISSN
6060:eISSN
5997:(PDF)
5958:S2CID
5942:eISSN
5920:(PDF)
5690:Brill
5642:eISSN
5032:. n.d
4998:. n.d
4964:. n.d
4930:. n.d
1919:Isles
1793:gules
1682:Lewis
1680:) on
1609:Notes
1261:seals
922:ruin.
755:Wales
433:Óláfr
263:Lauon
123:House
62:Reign
8415:Gunn
8382:Tara
8275:Norn
7434:Ivar
7430:Ímar
7327:1249
7264:ISBN
7245:ISBN
7182:ISSN
7172:ISBN
7155:ISSN
7131:2018
7112:ISSN
7086:link
7072:2017
7027:ISBN
7002:2011
6964:ISBN
6939:2011
6901:ISBN
6875:ISBN
6854:ISSN
6813:ISBN
6796:2019
6776:ISBN
6757:ISSN
6747:ISBN
6726:2011
6679:2019
6659:ISBN
6637:ISSN
6627:ISBN
6604:ISBN
6587:2019
6568:ISSN
6536:2011
6500:ISSN
6440:ISBN
6415:ISSN
6405:ISBN
6374:ISBN
6339:ISBN
6320:ISBN
6301:ISBN
6282:ISBN
6237:ISBN
6208:ISSN
6153:ISSN
6123:2015
6085:ISBN
6068:ISSN
6027:2015
5979:ISBN
5950:ISSN
5899:ISBN
5874:2011
5834:2011
5704:ISSN
5694:ISBN
5671:ISBN
5650:ISSN
5621:link
5607:2015
5562:ISBN
5536:ISBN
5508:ISSN
5485:ISBN
5462:ISBN
5436:ISBN
5343:ISBN
5261:link
5247:2015
5195:ISBN
5052:link
5038:2018
5018:link
5004:2018
4984:link
4970:2018
4950:link
4936:2015
4898:link
4884:2017
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