1503:
1746:. He said that there was no discipline there; he made friends with the archivist, which enabled him for years to take secret documents home, many unrelated to his own work, and bring them back the next day; his handler photographed them overnight. When he was instructed to remove and replace his boss, Felix Cowgill, he asked if it was proposed "to shoot him or something" but was told to use bureaucratic intrigue. He said: "It was a very dirty story—but after all our work does imply getting dirty hands from time to time but we do it for a cause that is not dirty in any way". Commenting on his sabotage of the operation to secretly send thousands of anti-communists into Albania to overthrow the communist government, Philby defended his actions by saying that he had helped prevent another world war.
1076:, soon to be liberated by the Soviet Union. The NKVD complained to Cecil Barclay, the SIS representative in Moscow, that information had been withheld. Barclay reported the complaint to London. Philby claimed to have overheard discussion of this by chance and sent a report to his controller. This turned out to be identical with Barclay's dispatch, convincing the NKVD that Philby had seen the full Barclay report. A similar lapse occurred with a report from the Japanese embassy in Moscow sent to Tokyo. The NKVD received the same report from Sorge but with an extra paragraph claiming that Hitler might seek a separate peace with the Soviet Union. These lapses by Philby aroused intense suspicion in Moscow.
1687:
1697:
1677:
1087:. She noted that they produced an extraordinary wealth of information on German war plans but next to nothing on the repeated question of British penetration of Soviet intelligence in either London or Moscow. Philby had repeated his claim that there were no such agents. She asked, "Could the SIS really be such fools they failed to notice suitcase-loads of papers leaving the office? Could they have overlooked Philby's Communist wife?" Modrzhinskaya concluded that all were double agents, working essentially for the British.
5192:
5204:
251:
233:
1667:
1467:
his intelligence activities on behalf of the
Soviets. However, when Elliott asked him to sign a written statement, he hesitated and requested a delay in the interrogation. Another meeting was scheduled to take place in the last week of January. It has since been suggested that the whole confrontation with Elliott had been a charade to convince the KGB that Philby had to be brought back to Moscow, where he could serve as a British penetration agent of Moscow Central.
1707:
1341:
Maclean's espionage, deeply compromised Philby's position. Under a cloud of suspicion raised by his highly visible and intimate association with
Burgess, Philby returned to London. There, he underwent MI5 interrogation aimed at ascertaining whether he had acted as a "third man" in Burgess and Maclean's spy ring. In July 1951, Philby resigned from MI6, preempting his all-but-inevitable dismissal.
44:
1395:, "I have no reason to conclude that Mr. Philby has at any time betrayed the interests of his country, or to identify him with the so-called 'Third Man', if indeed there was one." Following this, Philby gave a press conference in which—calmly, confidently, and without the stammer he had struggled with since childhood—he reiterated his innocence, declaring, "I have never been a communist."
962:, Ivan Chichayev (code-name Vadim), re-established contact and asked for a list of British agents being trained to enter the Soviet Union. Philby replied that none had been sent and that none was undergoing training at that time. This statement was underlined twice in red and marked with two question marks, clearly indicating confusion and questioning of this, by disbelieving staff at
5180:
1463:
drunk and incoherent with grief on the terrace of the flat," mourning the death of a little pet fox that had fallen from the balcony. When
Elliott met Philby in late 1962, the first time since Golitsyn's defection, he found Philby too drunk to stand and with a bandaged head; he had fallen repeatedly and cracked his skull on a bathroom radiator, requiring stitches.
1212:, the Albanian Security Service. Clearly there had been leaks and Philby was later suspected as one of the leakers. His own comment was, "I do not say that people were happy under the regime but the CIA underestimated the degree of control that the Authorities had over the country." Philby later wrote of his attitude towards the operation in Albania:
1734:- it was inconceivable that one "born into the ruling class of the British Empire" would be a traitor, to the amateurish and incompetent nature of the British organisation, and because of so many in MI6 having so much to lose if he was proven to be a spy. He had the policy of never confessing; a document in his own handwriting was dismissed as a
586:
that the name he went by was Arnold
Deutsch. I think that he was of Czech origin; about 5 ft 7in, stout, with blue eyes and light curly hair. Though a convinced Communist, he had a strong humanistic streak. He hated London, adored Paris, and spoke of it with deeply loving affection. He was a man of considerable cultural background."
1621:
In 1940, Philby began living with Aileen Furse in London. Their first three children, Josephine, John and Tommy, were born between 1941 and 1944. In 1946, Philby arranged a divorce from Litzi. He and Aileen were married on 25 September 1946, while Aileen was pregnant with their fourth child, Miranda.
1489:
It was not until 1 July 1963 that Philby's flight to Moscow was officially confirmed. On 30 July, Soviet officials announced that they had granted him political asylum in the Soviet Union, along with Soviet citizenship. When the news broke, MI6 came under criticism for failing to anticipate and block
1102:
in
Britain for himself and his wife. For a large sum of money, Volkov offered the names of three Soviet agents inside Britain, two of whom worked in the Foreign Office and a third who worked in counterintelligence in London. Philby was given the task of dealing with Volkov by British intelligence. He
743:
that he had personally briefed Philby on the need "to discover the system of guarding Franco and his entourage". Maly was one of the Soviet Union's most powerful and influential illegal controllers and recruiters. With the goal of potentially arranging Franco's assassination, Philby was instructed to
585:
Lizzy came home one evening and told me that she had arranged for me to meet a "man of decisive importance". I questioned her about it but she would give me no details. The rendezvous took place in
Regents Park. The man described himself as Otto. I discovered much later from a photograph in MI5 files
1610:
In
February 1934, Philby married Litzi Friedmann, an Austrian Jewish communist whom he had met in Vienna. They subsequently moved to Britain; however, as Philby assumed the role of a fascist sympathiser, they separated. Litzi lived in Paris before returning to London for the duration of the war; she
1434:
correspondent Sam Pope Brewer. Following the death of his second wife in 1957 and
Eleanor's subsequent divorce from Brewer, the two were married in London in 1959 and set up house together in Beirut. From 1960, Philby's formerly marginal work as a journalist became more substantial and he frequently
1299:
encounters. His dissolution had a troubling effect on Philby; the morning after a particularly disastrous and drunken party, a guest returning to collect his car heard voices upstairs and found "Kim and Guy in the bedroom drinking champagne. They had already been down to the
Embassy but being unable
1233:
to cause skin disfigurations. She was sent to a clinic in
Switzerland to recover. Upon her return to Istanbul in late 1948, she was badly burned in an incident with a charcoal stove and returned to Switzerland. Shortly afterward, Philby was moved to the job as chief SIS representative in Washington,
1216:
The agents we sent into Albania were armed men intent on murder, sabotage and assassination ... They knew the risks they were running. I was serving the interests of the Soviet Union and those interests required that these men were defeated. To the extent that I helped defeat them, even if it caused
1111:
on telephones which turned out to have been tapped by Soviet intelligence. Volkov had insisted that all written communications about him take place by bag rather than by telegraph, causing a delay in reaction that might plausibly have given the Soviets time to uncover his plans. Philby was thus able
1585:
later described Philby as "disappointed in many ways" by what he found in Moscow. "He saw people suffering too much," but he consoled himself by arguing that "the ideals were right but the way they were carried out was wrong. The fault lay with the people in charge." Pukhova said, "he was struck by
1466:
Philby told Elliott that he was "half expecting" to see him. Elliott confronted him, saying, "I once looked up to you, Kim. My God, how I despise you now. I hope you've enough decency left to understand why." Prompted by Elliott's accusations, Philby confirmed the charges of espionage and described
1307:
in the investigation into the embassy leak. Philby had undertaken to devise an escape plan that would warn Maclean, in England, of the intense suspicion he was under and arrange for him to flee. Burgess had to get to London to warn Maclean, who was under surveillance. In early May 1951, Burgess got
1267:
to meet his Soviet contact twice a week. Philby had been briefed on the situation shortly before reaching Washington in 1949; it was clear to Philby that the agent was Maclean, who worked in the embassy at the time and whose wife, Melinda, lived in New York. Philby had to help discover the identity
1247:
communications between Washington and London. Philby was also responsible for liaising with the CIA and promoting "more aggressive Anglo-American intelligence operations". A leading figure within the CIA was Philby's wary former colleague, James Jesus Angleton, with whom he once again found himself
1462:
It is unclear whether Philby had been alerted, but Eleanor noted that as 1962 wore on, expressions of tension in his life "became worse and were reflected in bouts of deep depression and drinking". She recalled returning home to Beirut from a sight-seeing trip in Jordan to find Philby "hopelessly
1344:
Even after his departure from MI6, suspicion towards Philby continued. Interrogated repeatedly regarding his intelligence work and his connection with Burgess, he continued to deny that he had acted as a Soviet agent. From 1952, Philby struggled to find work as a journalist, eventually—in August
1160:
In February 1947, Philby was appointed head of British intelligence for Turkey and posted to Istanbul with his second wife, Aileen, and their family. His public position was that of First Secretary at the British Consulate; in reality, his intelligence work required overseeing British agents and
1637:
correspondent Sam Pope Brewer. Following Eleanor's divorce, the couple married in January 1959. After Philby defected in 1963, Eleanor visited him in Moscow. In November 1964, after a visit to the US, she returned, intending to settle permanently. In her absence, Philby had begun an affair with
1290:
Burgess, who had been given a post as Second Secretary at the British Embassy, took up residence in the Philby family home and rapidly set about causing offence to all and sundry. Philby's wife resented him and disliked his presence; Americans were offended by his "natural superciliousness" and
1340:
Burgess had intended to aid Maclean in his escape, not accompany him in it. The "affair of the missing diplomats," as it was referred to before Burgess and Maclean surfaced in Moscow, attracted a great deal of public attention, and Burgess' disappearance, which identified him as complicit in
1131:
that were known to him. When Jane Archer (who had interviewed Krivitsky) was appointed to Philby's section he moved her off investigatory work in case she became aware of his past. He later wrote "she had got a tantalising scrap of information about a young English journalist whom the Soviet
1035:
During 1942–43, Philby's responsibilities were then expanded to include North Africa and Italy, and he was made the deputy head of Section Five under Major Felix Cowgill, an army officer seconded to SIS. In early 1944, as it became clear that the Soviet Union was likely to once more prove a
576:
under the cover of a research appointment, but in reality had been assigned to recruit the brightest students from Britain's top universities. Philby had come to the Soviets' notice earlier that year in Vienna, where he had been involved in demonstrations against the government of
1554:; they were not published in the Soviet Union until 1980. In the book, Philby says that his loyalties were always with the communists; he considered himself not to have been a double agent but "a straight penetration agent working in the Soviet interest." Philby continued to read
821:. Krivitsky claimed that two Soviet intelligence agents had penetrated the Foreign Office and that a third Soviet intelligence agent had worked as a journalist for a British newspaper in Spain. No connection with Philby was made at the time, and Krivitsky was found shot in a
700:, for the British embassy in Paris. When visiting Paris after the war, he was shocked to discover that the address that he used for Mlle Dupont was that of the Soviet embassy. His controller in Paris, a Latvian national named Ozolin-Haskins (code name Pierre), was shot in
1597:
documents, Philby inserted "sinister" paragraphs regarding US plans. The KGB would stamp the documents "top secret" and begin their circulation. For the Soviets, Philby was an invaluable asset, ensuring the correct use of idiomatic and diplomatic English phrases in their
1622:
Their fifth child, Harry George, was born in 1950. Aileen suffered from psychiatric problems, which grew more severe during the period of poverty and suspicion following the flight of Burgess and Maclean. She lived separately from Philby, settling with their children in
528:
100, which I hoped would last me about a year in Vienna. She made some calculations and announced, "That will leave you an excess of ÂŁ25. You can give that to the International Organisation for Aid for Revolutionaries. We need it desperately." I liked her determination.
1103:
warned the Soviets of the attempted defection and travelled to Istanbul—ostensibly to handle the matter on behalf of SIS but, in reality, to ensure that Volkov had been neutralised. By the time he arrived in Turkey, three weeks later, Volkov had been removed to Moscow.
1242:
In September 1949, the Philbys arrived in the United States. Officially, his post was that of First Secretary to the British Embassy; in reality, he served as chief British intelligence representative in Washington. His office oversaw a large amount of urgent and
849:(Russian term for spymaster) in France, probably Pierre at this time, suggested to Moscow that he suspected Philby's motives. Solomon introduced Philby to the woman who would become Philby's second wife, Aileen Furse. Solomon went to work for the British retailer
1319:
convertible that had been abandoned in the embassy car park. "If he did not act at once it would be too late," the telegram read, "because would send his car to the scrap heap. There was nothing more could do." On 25 May, Burgess drove Maclean from his home at
1008:. On the strength of his knowledge and experience of Franco's Spain, he was put in charge of the subsection that dealt with Spain and Portugal. This entailed responsibility for a network of undercover operatives in several cities such as Madrid, Gibraltar,
1036:
significant adversary to Britain, SIS re-activated Section Nine, which dealt with anti-communist efforts. In late 1944 Philby, on instructions from his Soviet handler, maneuvered through the system successfully to replace Cowgill as head of Section Nine.
1192:
and his communist guerillas to liberate Albania, now prepared to remove Hoxha. He trained Albanian commandos—some of whom were former Nazi collaborators—in Libya or Malta. From 1947, they infiltrated the southern mountains to build support for former
1143:
and on being asked what the infamous spy was like, Hardy quipped, "He was always trying to get information out of me—most significantly the name of my tailor". Philby, "employed in a Department of the Foreign Office", was appointed an Officer of the
1586:
disappointment, brought to tears. He said, 'Why do old people live so badly here? After all, they won the war.'" Philby's drinking and depression continued; according to Rufina, he had attempted suicide by slashing his wrists sometime in the 1960s.
692:. He also began working for both the Soviet and British intelligence, which usually consisted of posting letters in a crude code to a fictitious girlfriend, Mlle Dupont in Paris, for the Soviets. He used a simpler system for MI6, delivering post at
645:, an organization aiming at rebuilding and supporting a friendly relationship between Germany and the United Kingdom. The Anglo-German Fellowship, at this time, was supported both by the British and German governments, and Philby made many trips to
1482:, had left Beirut that morning so abruptly that cargo was left scattered over the docks; Philby claimed that he left Beirut on board this ship. However, others maintain that he escaped through Syria, overland to Soviet Armenia and thence to the
1379:
if he was determined "to cover up at all costs the dubious third man activities of Mr Harold Philby..." This was reported in the British press, leading Philby to threaten legal action against Lipton if he repeated his accusations outside
1741:
Philby said that at the time of his recruitment as a spy there were no prospects of his being useful; he was instructed to make his way into the Secret Service, which took years, starting with journalism and building up contacts in the
922:
In 1940, on the recommendation of Burgess, Philby joined MI6's Section D, a secret organisation charged with investigating how enemies might be attacked through non-military means. Philby and Burgess ran a training course for would-be
1040:, an officer of German birth (born Wolfgang von Blumenthal) working for Richard Gatty in Belgium and later transferred to the Norwegian/Swedish border, voiced many suspicions of Philby and his intentions but was repeatedly ignored.
1569:
Philby's award of the Order of the British Empire was cancelled and annulled in 1965. Though he claimed publicly in January 1988 that he did not regret his decisions and that he missed nothing about England except some friends,
835:, who had once met him in France, also defected. To protect his family, still living in the Soviet Union, Orlov said nothing about Philby, an agreement Stalin respected. On a short trip back from Spain, Philby tried to recruit
1710:
1430:, just outside Beirut. Following the departure of his father and stepbrothers for Saudi Arabia, he continued to live alone in Ajaltoun, but took a flat in Beirut after beginning an affair with Eleanor Brewer, the wife of
1494:, author of several works on espionage, speculated that MI6 might have left open the opportunity for Philby to flee to Moscow to avoid an embarrassing public trial. Philby himself thought this might have been the case.
1106:
The intervention of Philby in the affair and the subsequent capture of Volkov by the Soviets might have seriously compromised Philby's position. Volkov's defection had been discussed with the British embassy in
1451:. Golitsyn offered the CIA revelations of Soviet agents within American and British intelligence services. Following his debriefing in the US, Golitsyn was sent to SIS for further questioning. The head of MI6,
3162:
David Pryce-Jones: October 2004: The New Criterion published by the Foundation for Cultural Review, New York, a nonprofit public foundation as described in Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code,
1287:. The investigation into the embassy leak continued and the stress of it was exacerbated by the arrival in Washington, in October 1950, of Burgess—Philby's unstable and dangerously alcoholic fellow spy.
1529:
in late 2020 indicated that the British government had intentionally conducted a campaign to keep Philby's spying confidential "to minimise political embarrassment" and prevent the publication of his
789:...there had been a lot of criticism of British journalists from Franco officers who seemed to think that the British in general must be a lot of Communists because so many were fighting with the
5244:
748:
Philby in London on 24 May 1937, Maly wrote to the NKVD, "Though devoted and ready to sacrifice himself, does not possess the physical courage and other qualities necessary for this attempt."
346:
and served as chief British liaison with American intelligence agencies. During his career as an intelligence officer, he passed large amounts of intelligence to the Soviet Union, including the
1263:) was information that documents had been sent to Moscow from the British embassy in Washington. The intercepted messages revealed that the embassy source (identified as "Homer") travelled to
472:", in the words of his father, who went on to write: "The only serious question is whether Kim definitely intended to be disloyal to the government while in its service." Upon his graduation,
1303:
Burgess' presence was awkward for Philby, yet it was potentially dangerous for Philby to leave him unsupervised. The situation in Washington was tense. From April 1950, Maclean had been the
1176:
community in Paris produced just two recruits. Turkish intelligence took them to a border crossing into Georgia but soon afterwards shots were heard. Another effort was made using a Turkish
777:. Johnson was killed outright, and Neil and Sheepshanks soon died of their injuries. Philby suffered only a minor head wound. As a result of this accident, Philby, who was well-liked by the
1638:
Donald Maclean's wife, Melinda. He and Eleanor divorced and she departed Moscow in May 1965. Melinda left Maclean and briefly lived with Philby in Moscow. In 1968, she returned to Maclean.
1514:
a month (the average Soviet salary in 1960 was Rbls 80.60 a month and Rbls 122 in 1970) and his family was not immediately able to join him in exile. Philby was under virtual
1026:
supply ships in the Western Mediterranean. Thanks to British counter-intelligence efforts, of which Philby's Iberian subsection formed a significant part, the project (Abwehr code-name
520:(born Alice Kohlmann), a young Austrian communist of Hungarian Jewish origins. Philby admired the strength of her political convictions and later recalled that at their first meeting:
2712:
1459:, an MI6 officer recently stationed in Beirut who was a friend of Philby's and had previously believed in his innocence, was tasked with attempting to secure his full confession.
1812:
731:
tanks deployed with Falangist forces in Spain. Philby told the British, after a direct question to Franco, that German troops would never be permitted to cross Spain to attack
5329:
1259:
to transmit intelligence traffic. This mistake made it possible to break the normally impregnable code. Contained in the traffic (intercepted and decrypted as part of the
637:, as editor. After the magazine's owner changed the paper's role to covering Anglo-German trade, Philby engaged in a concerted effort to make contact with Germans such as
1522:, his closest KGB contact, explained that this was to guard his safety, but later admitted that the real reason was the KGB's fear that Philby would return to London.
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3393:
744:
report on vulnerable points in Franco's security and recommend ways to gain access to him and his staff. However, such an act was never a real possibility; upon
5279:
462:
1904:
874:
in September 1939, Philby's contact with his Soviet controllers was lost and he failed to attend the meetings that were necessary for his work. During the
1846:
1618:, Lady Lindsay-Hogg, an actress and aristocratic divorcée who was an admirer of Franco and Hitler. They travelled together in Spain through August 1939.
4309:
2826:
5309:
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to France the previous year, travelled to the United States and published an account of his time in "Stalin's secret service". He testified before the
1315:
The SIS planned to interrogate Maclean on 28 May 1951. On 23 May, concerned that Maclean had not yet fled, Philby wired Burgess, ostensibly about his
5324:
1455:, only recently transferred from MI5, had suspected Philby as the "third man". Golitsyn proceeded to confirm White's suspicions about Philby's role.
1022:
was active in Spain, particularly around the British naval base of Gibraltar, which its agents hoped to watch with many detection stations to track
793:. After I had been wounded and decorated by Franco himself, I became known as 'the English-decorated-by-Franco' and all sorts of doors opened to me.
476:, a tutor in economics at Trinity, introduced him to the World Federation for the Relief of the Victims of German Fascism, an organization based in
5314:
5254:
3134:
1510:
Upon his arrival in Moscow in January 1963, Philby discovered that he was not a colonel in the KGB, as he had been led to believe. He was paid 500
1312:, causing an official complaint to be made to the British ambassador. Burgess was sent back to England, where he met Maclean in his London club.
343:
3551:
1403:
After being exonerated, Philby was no longer employed by MI6 and Soviet intelligence lost all contact with him. In August 1956 he was sent to
1149:
5234:
4320:
2722:
1518:
and under guard, with all visitors screened by the KGB. It was ten years before he was given a minor role in the training of KGB recruits.
1483:
101:
5259:
2788:
890:
17:
3283:
1816:
5294:
802:
1898:
1423:"Charles Garner" when writing about subjects he considered too "fluffy"(distasteful), for example the subject of Arab slave girls.
1349:. Lacking access to material of value and out of touch with Soviet intelligence, he all but ceased to operate as a Soviet agent.
778:
1502:
931:. His time at Section D, however, was short-lived; the "tiny, ineffective, and slightly comic" section was soon absorbed by the
4368:
4324:
1730:
intelligence agency, Philby attributed the failure of British intelligence to unmask him as due in great part to these things:
1392:
814:
756:
3479:
The Fourth Man: The Definitive Account of Kim Philby, Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean and Who Recruited Them to Spy for Russia'
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1965:
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On the evening of 23 January 1963, Philby vanished from Beirut, failing to meet his wife for a dinner party at the home of
1373:
958:(OGPU). This role allowed him to conduct sabotage and instruct agents on how to properly conduct sabotage. The new London
985:
had urged. The first was ignored as a provocation, but the second, when confirmed by the Russo-German journalist and spy
549:, Philby and Friedmann married in February 1934, enabling her to escape to the United Kingdom with him two months later.
1208:, head of SIS, disliked the idea, which was promoted by former SOE men now in SIS. Most infiltrators were caught by the
326:. He was recruited by Soviet intelligence in 1934. After leaving Cambridge, Philby worked as a journalist, covering the
4205:
3254:
1921:
1526:
1169:
1165:
1641:
In 1971, Philby married Rufina Pukhova, a 39-year-old Russo-Polish woman, with whom he lived until his death in 1988.
622:. They remained friends for many years following their separation and divorced only in 1946, following the end of the
5274:
5249:
2759:
1594:
955:
782:
3017:
1047:, a young American counter-intelligence officer working in liaison with SIS in London. Angleton, later chief of the
4340:
1700:
1550:
In Moscow, Philby occupied himself by writing his memoirs, which were published in Britain in 1968 under the title
1381:
1200:
The first three missions, overland from Greece, were trouble-free. Larger numbers were landed by sea and air under
759:
shell hit just in front of the car in which Philby was travelling along with correspondents Edward J. Neil of the
311:. Of the five, Philby is believed to have been the most successful in providing secret information to the Soviets.
3207:
1295:
complained that Burgess used British embassy automobiles to avoid arrest when he cruised Washington in pursuit of
1065:
organisation, which sent information to both London and Moscow. Nevertheless, Angleton's suspicions went unheard.
3742:
595:
401:
75:
2860:
1229:
and his life in Istanbul, she experienced a breakdown, staging an accident and injecting herself with urine and
1055:, became suspicious of Philby when he failed to pass on information relating to a British agent executed by the
4952:
3424:
1690:
1447:, a major in the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, defected to the United States from his diplomatic post in
213:
2834:
785:
by Franco on 2 March 1938. Philby found that the award proved helpful in obtaining access to fascist circles:
1626:
while he lived first in London and later in Beirut. Weakened by alcoholism and frequent illness, she died of
1359:
1124:
1023:
5157:
2475:
1419:. There, his journalism served as cover for renewed work for MI6. He wrote under his own name and under the
3070:
1426:
In Lebanon, Philby at first lived in Mahalla Jamil, his father's large household located in the village of
1091:
1069:
932:
828:
5284:
5239:
3172:
1291:"utter contempt for the whole pyramid of values, attitudes, and courtesies of the American way of life".
1145:
1073:
1048:
936:
817:) regarding Soviet espionage within the US. In 1940 he was interviewed by MI5 officers in London, led by
497:
335:
4330:
2012:
1543:
in Moscow. Philby confirmed that he had worked for the KGB and that "his purpose in life was to destroy
1490:
Philby's defection, though Elliott was to claim he could not have prevented Philby's flight. Journalist
5170:
5112:
4538:
4361:
4119:
1384:. Lipton later withdrew his comments. This retraction came about when Philby was officially cleared by
1284:
1248:
working closely. Angleton remained suspicious of Philby but lunched with him every week in Washington.
1068:
In late summer 1943, the SIS provided the GRU an official report on the activities of German agents in
458:
323:
153:
1786:
1539:. Nonetheless, the information was publicized in 1967 when he granted an interview to Murray Sayle of
5087:
4937:
4165:
4071:
4045:
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in Germany. It later emerged that the agent—known as Schmidt—had also worked as an informant for the
1052:
1004:
By September 1941, Philby began working for Section Five of MI6, a section responsible for offensive
573:
2219:
843:
and wife of a London stockbroker. At the same time, Burgess was trying to get her into MI6. But the
630:
in 1940, where she was then living at this time, Philby arranged for Friedmann's escape to Britain.
388:
after finally being unmasked as a Soviet agent in 1963. He lived in Moscow until his death in 1988.
4676:
4646:
3564:
3429:
954:
Philby's role as an instructor of sabotage agents again brought him to the attention of the Soviet
1593:
Department churning out fabricated documents. Working from genuine unclassified and public CIA or
1251:
A more serious threat to Philby's position had come to light. During the summer of 1945, a Soviet
581:. In June 1934, Deutsch recruited him to the Soviet intelligence services. Philby later recalled:
3071:"The national economy of the USSR for 70 years. Wages and incomes of the population. 'in Russian"
1680:
1582:
1369:
1132:
intelligence had sent to Spain during the Civil War. And here she was plunked down in my midst!"
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642:
438:
177:
719:
Both the British and the Soviets were interested in analyzing the combat performance of the new
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4962:
4787:
4701:
4641:
3691:
1780:
1686:
1630:
in December 1957. Through his son John, Philby's granddaughter is the author Charlotte Philby.
1471:
1435:
travelled throughout the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and Yemen.
1180:
for a seaborne landing, but it never left port. Philby was implicated in a similar campaign in
839:
as a Soviet agent; she was the daughter of a Russian banker and gold dealer, a relative of the
790:
638:
3666:
5304:
5269:
5208:
5025:
4736:
4354:
4284:
3643:
3587:
3151:
UK government launched campaign to block memoirs being published fearing damaging disclosures
1743:
697:
501:
369:
in May 1951. Under suspicion himself, Philby resigned from MI6 in July 1951 but was publicly
1696:
5229:
5224:
4841:
4563:
4019:
3668:
SOE's Mastermind: the Authorised Biography of Major General Sir Colin Gubbins KCMG, DSO, MC
1731:
1578:
1316:
1221:
Philby's wife had suffered from psychological problems since childhood which caused her to
1044:
1037:
974:
720:
679:
610:
In London, Philby began a career as a journalist. He took a job at a monthly magazine, the
591:
413:
358:
288:
3370:
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/my-grandfather-the-russian-spy-1764026.html
2512:
614:, for which he wrote a large number of articles and letters (sometimes under a variety of
8:
5196:
4746:
4696:
4666:
4636:
4558:
4523:
1309:
1201:
1005:
944:
899:
565:
357:
Philby was suspected of tipping off two other spies under suspicion of Soviet espionage,
347:
342:
he had become a high-ranking member. In 1949 Philby was appointed first secretary to the
1204:, which continued until 1951, increasingly under the influence of the newly formed CIA.
493:
5117:
4869:
4686:
4618:
4588:
4433:
4423:
4335:
4142:
4111:
4011:
3899:
3810:
3545:
3498:
3288:
3279:
3025:
2184:
1354:
939:
and was subsequently fired, while Philby was appointed as an instructor on clandestine
879:
850:
770:
619:
578:
546:
524:
A frank and direct person, Litzi came out and asked me how much money I had. I replied
489:
454:
319:
143:
5069:
4856:
4671:
4408:
4288:
4262:
4236:
4217:
4191:
4169:
4146:
4123:
4097:
4089:
4075:
4063:
4049:
4023:
3997:
3974:
3942:
3923:
3903:
3880:
3873:
3857:
3838:
3832:
3817:
3791:
3769:
3761:
3746:
3718:
3696:
3672:
3651:
3629:
3610:
3591:
3568:
3531:
3510:
3503:
Treason in the Blood: H. St. John Philby, Kim Philby, and the Spy Case of the Century
3484:
3461:
3449:
3434:
3236:
2391:
1917:
1559:
1444:
1385:
1226:
1181:
963:
840:
657:
453:
in the Arabian desert. Following in the footsteps of his father, Philby continued to
374:
351:
327:
119:
1676:
662:
5184:
5142:
5102:
4967:
4897:
4793:
4741:
4711:
4488:
4463:
3506:
2717:
1909:
1575:
1519:
1456:
1388:
1280:
1099:
1028:
998:
994:
822:
798:
760:
752:
671:
627:
557:
541:
to evade suspicion. He also delivered clothes and money to refugees. Following the
377:
331:
4016:"C": The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
3732:
3477:
1938:
1271:
In January 1950, on evidence provided by the Venona intercepts, Soviet atomic spy
5107:
5097:
5049:
5020:
5005:
4957:
4912:
4836:
4767:
4751:
4608:
4568:
3736:
3525:
1590:
1292:
1205:
981:
intention to strike into southeast Asia instead of attacking the Soviet Union as
978:
590:
Philby recommended to Deutsch several of his Cambridge contemporaries, including
517:
428:
166:
5059:
675:
5132:
4942:
4927:
4879:
4818:
4809:
4782:
4661:
4656:
4603:
4583:
4453:
4037:
3805:
3783:
1913:
1763:
1670:
1599:
1260:
1128:
1084:
810:
569:
525:
409:
300:
238:
209:
193:
3920:
Spycraft: The Secret History of the CIA's Spytechs, from Communism to Al-Qaeda
3648:
Double lives: Stalin, Willi MĂĽnzenberg, and the seduction of the intellectuals
618:) and occasionally served as "acting editor." Meanwhile, Philby and Friedmann
537:, paying for the train tickets out of his remaining ÂŁ75 and using his British
5218:
5147:
5092:
5064:
5054:
5010:
4932:
4922:
4826:
4777:
4731:
4726:
4706:
4578:
4553:
4543:
4503:
4473:
4468:
4438:
4213:
3710:
3686:
2379:
1650:
1615:
1511:
1491:
1415:
1365:
1304:
1296:
1264:
1139:, who had served as an intelligence officer, recalled that Philby was in his
1116:
986:
928:
912:
836:
818:
736:
713:
705:
542:
416:(ICS) at the time of Philby's birth, St John later became a civil servant in
5152:
5127:
5015:
4972:
4947:
4902:
4884:
4772:
4691:
4681:
4631:
4593:
4533:
4528:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4493:
4483:
4413:
4346:
4183:
3970:
1727:
1711:
Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
1666:
1535:
1515:
1409:
1376:
1256:
1185:
1061:
982:
871:
623:
561:
481:
473:
339:
304:
296:
256:
105:
2861:"Kim Philby, the Observer connection and the establishment world of spies"
1706:
943:
at the SOE's finishing school for agents at the Estate of Lord Montagu in
641:, at that time the German ambassador in London. He became a member of the
5137:
5122:
4977:
4917:
4907:
4831:
4651:
4626:
4598:
4573:
4548:
4478:
4448:
4418:
2453:
1623:
1571:
1544:
1325:
1272:
1189:
1136:
993:, contributed to Stalin's decision to begin transporting troops from the
709:
599:
442:
433:
417:
405:
380:
in 1955. He resumed his career as both a journalist and a spy for MI6 in
370:
362:
315:
79:
602:, despite his personal reservations about Burgess' erratic personality.
4864:
4721:
4716:
4458:
4443:
4428:
4276:
4250:
4068:
The Second Oldest Profession: Spies and Spying in the Twentieth Century
3303:
1614:
While working as a correspondent in Spain, Philby began an affair with
1452:
1276:
1244:
1173:
940:
875:
745:
564:
agent–who first approached Philby about the possibility of working for
4281:
The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the Heart of the KGB Archives
2242:
2240:
2096:
919:
less than 24 hours before France surrendered to Germany in June 1940.
461:, where he studied history and economics. He graduated in 1933 with a
4874:
4518:
4403:
4258:
3607:
Endgame: collected comic strips from the pages of Doctor Who magazine
3394:"Moscow square named after notorious British double agent Kim Philby"
1627:
1321:
1222:
948:
908:
806:
732:
728:
684:
667:
615:
469:
303:, a spy ring that had divulged British secrets to the Soviets during
4331:"Kim Philby: The Spy Who Loved Me" by Charlotte Philby, 12 June 2018
897:
on 21 May, he returned to France in mid-June and began representing
552:
It is possible that it was a Viennese-born friend of Friedmann's in
5000:
4398:
3584:
Deceiving the deceivers: Kim Philby, Donald Maclean and Guy Burgess
2530:
2404:
2360:
2264:
2252:
2237:
1448:
1427:
1420:
1209:
1194:
1095:
967:
935:(SOE) in the summer of 1940. Burgess was arrested in September for
924:
916:
894:
845:
765:
724:
538:
421:
308:
3967:
Looking For Trouble: The Life and Times of a Foreign Correspondent
3235:, 1994, published by Little, Brown & Company Limited, Canada,
2619:
2617:
1345:
1954—accepting a position with a diplomatic newsletter called the
457:, which he left in 1928 at the age of 16. He won a scholarship to
43:
3918:
Wallace, Robert; Melton, H. Keith; Schlesinger, Henry R. (2009).
2165:
2153:
1735:
1633:
In 1956, Philby began an affair with Eleanor Brewer, the wife of
1563:
1558:, which was not generally available in the USSR, listened to the
1530:
1230:
1056:
1043:
While working in Section Five, Philby had become acquainted with
1013:
774:
693:
689:
485:
450:
4233:
Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations
3374:
3074:
1661:
The USSR posthumously awarded numerous Soviet medals to Philby:
1164:
Philby planned to infiltrate five or six groups of émigrés into
27:
British intelligence officer and Soviet double agent (1912–1988)
5245:
British intelligence personnel who defected to the Soviet Union
4992:
3351:
3339:
3185:(he chose sides early on in his life – saw no reason to change)
3089:
2902:
2890:
2741:
2629:
2614:
2590:
2554:
2454:"Kim Philby, British double agent, reveals all in secret video"
2348:
2312:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
1479:
1404:
1252:
1120:
1108:
1018:
1009:
832:
701:
646:
633:
In 1936, Philby began working at a failing trade magazine, the
553:
534:
513:
446:
397:
385:
381:
366:
97:
71:
3327:
3315:
3135:"Kim Philby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files"
2072:
2031:
1899:"Philby, Harold Adrian Russell [Kim] (1912–1988), spy"
1798:"Obituary of Kim Philby: Briton who became Soviet super-spy."
688:, reporting from the headquarters of the pro-Franco forces in
5041:
1723:
1177:
990:
682:; from May 1937, he served as a first-hand correspondent for
477:
3196:
London Gazette Issue 43735 published on 10 August 1965. p. 1
3051:
2689:
2043:
1225:. In 1948, troubled by Philby's heavy drinking and frequent
831:(born Lev Feldbin; code-name Swede), Philby's controller in
287:(1 January 1912 – 11 May 1988) was a British
3561:
Burgess and Maclean: a new look at the Foreign Office spies
2387:
1968:. Independent Digital News & Media Ltd. The Independent
1140:
1080:
740:
449:, England. In his early teens, he spent some time with the
4321:
File release: Cold War Cambridge spies Burgess and Maclean
3454:
The Philby files: the secret life of master spy Kim Philby
2126:
Kim Philby, memorandum in Security Service Archives (1963)
2108:
1864:
4116:
The Infernal Grove: Chronicles of a Wasted Time: Number 2
3834:
A Century of Spies: Intelligence in the Twentieth Century
2677:
2300:
292:
3917:
3309:
3284:"Last Days of Kim Philby: His Russian Widow's Sad Story"
2878:
2602:
2428:
2416:
2225:
4162:
Conspiracy of Silence: the Secret Life of Anthony Blunt
3527:
Looking-glass wars: spies on British screens since 1960
3430:
The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5
2129:
2084:
3253:
Parfitt, Tom; Norton-Taylor, Richard (30 March 2011).
2729:
2288:
2276:
1945:
1090:
A more serious incident occurred in August 1945, when
1083:
headquarters in Moscow assessed all material from the
5168:
3804:
2806:
2324:
2102:
1980:
781:
forces whose victories he trumpeted, was awarded the
350:, a scheme to overthrow the pro-Soviet government of
3939:
The Prize: the Epic Quest for Oil, Money & Power
3252:
3039:
2986:
2974:
2962:
2950:
2938:
2926:
2914:
2665:
2653:
2641:
2578:
2493:
2141:
1308:
three speeding tickets in a single day—then pleaded
334:. In 1940 he began working for the United Kingdom's
5330:
People granted political asylum in the Soviet Union
3782:
3095:
3872:
3809:
3715:A Spy Among Friends: Philby and the Great Betrayal
3476:
3255:"Spy Kim Philby died disillusioned with communism"
2566:
1897:
1653:in Moscow in 1988. He was given a hero's funeral.
1589:Philby found work in the early 1970s in the KGB's
480:, which attempted to aid the people victimized by
468:At Cambridge, Philby exhibited a "leaning towards
3990:A Game of Moles: the Deceptions of an MI6 Officer
2998:
299:. In 1963, he was revealed to be a member of the
5290:People stripped of a British Commonwealth honour
5216:
3870:
3788:The Private Life of Kim Philby: the Moscow Years
3447:
3380:
3357:
3345:
3333:
3321:
3205:
3109:"The Cambridge Spies' West Hampstead connection"
2908:
2896:
2747:
2635:
2623:
2596:
2560:
2536:
2410:
2366:
2354:
2336:
2318:
2270:
2258:
2171:
2159:
2078:
2066:
2037:
1992:
1268:of "Homer", but also wished to protect Maclean.
1188:, an aristocratic Guards officer who had helped
4231:Trahair, Richard C. S.; Miller, Robert (2009).
3626:Guy Burgess: Revolutionary in an Old School Tie
2551:Issue 37412 published on 28 December 1945. p. 8
1123:, took political asylum in Canada and gave the
973:Philby provided Stalin with advance warning of
870:office in London. When Britain declared war on
4159:
3987:
2706:
2704:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2010:
2004:
1701:Order of the Great Patriotic War (First class)
1474:, First Secretary at the British Embassy. The
856:
5280:People educated at Westminster School, London
4362:
4230:
3871:Seale, Patrick; McConnville, Maureen (1973).
3692:Stalin's Englishman: The Lives of Guy Burgess
3604:
2858:
2451:
2220:Cricinfo Player Profile of Ernest Sheepshanks
2202:
2200:
2198:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1352:On 25 October 1955, following revelations in
533:Philby acted as a courier between Vienna and
412:and his wife, Dora Johnston. A member of the
4376:
3650:(Revised ed.). New York: Enigma Books.
2824:
2384:British intelligence in the Second World War
2378:
1908:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1161:working with the Turkish security services.
966:, according to Genrikh Borovik, who saw the
4310:Annotated bibliography of the Philby Affair
3786:; Lyubimov, Mikhail; Peake, Hayden (1999).
2854:
2852:
2701:
2440:
4369:
4355:
4275:
4255:The Guy Liddell Diaries: Vol. I: 1939–1942
4110:
3856:. Penzance: United Writers' Publications.
3759:
3609:. Tunbridge Wells, England: Panini Books.
3550:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2786:
2753:
2195:
1870:
1831:
1815:. International Spy Museum. Archived from
735:. Philby's Soviet controller at the time,
716:, suffered the same fate two years later.
42:
5310:World War II spies for the United Kingdom
4088:
4062:
3830:
3766:Philby: The Spy Who Betrayed a Generation
3709:
3057:
2884:
2695:
2608:
2422:
2135:
2114:
1764:"Kuntsevo Cemetery at Kim Philby's Grave"
893:headquarters. After being evacuated from
5325:Foreign Office personnel of World War II
4160:Penrose, Barrie; Freeman, Simon (1987).
3988:Bristow, Desmond; Bristow, Bill (1993).
3731:
2849:
1951:
1805:
1501:
1332:to France and then proceeded to Moscow.
1279:, a courier with whom Fuchs had worked,
1275:was arrested. His arrest led to others:
512:While working to aid German refugees in
507:
484:and provide education on oppositions to
5315:World War II spies for the Soviet Union
5255:British people of the Spanish Civil War
4341:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3964:
3623:
3605:Hickman, Clayton; Barnes, Alan (2005).
3581:
3483:. New York: The Dial Press/James Wade.
3278:
3225:
2735:
2294:
2282:
1905:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1398:
14:
5217:
4182:
4136:
4036:
3936:
3893:
3812:Guy Burgess: The Spy Who Knew Everyone
3685:
3558:
3523:
3423:
3310:Wallace, Melton & Schlesinger 2009
2812:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2683:
2572:
2330:
2306:
2246:
2147:
2090:
1986:
1963:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1438:
815:House Un-American Activities Committee
652:In February 1937, Philby travelled to
488:. The organization was one of several
4350:
4204:
4010:
3851:
3497:
3474:
3045:
3004:
2992:
2980:
2968:
2956:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2710:
2671:
2659:
2647:
2584:
2499:
2434:
2231:
1895:
1391:on 7 November. The minister told the
1127:names of agents operating within the
594:, who at the time was working in the
427:Nicknamed "Kim" after the boy-spy in
5235:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
4249:
3664:
3642:
3243:. Introduction by Phillip Knightley.
2342:
1998:
1847:"Kim Philby and the Age of Paranoia"
1656:
1611:ultimately settled in East Germany.
674:against the government of President
572:, another Soviet agent, was sent to
365:, both of whom subsequently fled to
3837:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3760:Page, Bruce; Leitch, David (1968).
2765:
2711:Evans, Harold (20 September 2009).
1876:
1407:as a Middle East correspondent for
1328:, where both boarded the steamship
1237:
1094:, an NKVD agent and vice-consul in
24:
5260:British spies for the Soviet Union
3957:
3879:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
1964:Philby, Charlotte (29 July 2009).
1756:
889:first-hand correspondent with the
25:
5341:
4303:
3717:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
3096:Philby, Lyubimov & Peake 1999
2713:"The Sunday Times and Kim Philby"
1966:"My grandfather, the Russian spy"
1335:
956:Joint State Political Directorate
866:In July 1939, Philby returned to
801:(born Samuel Ginsberg), a former
626:. When the Germans threatened to
5295:British people in colonial India
5202:
5190:
5178:
3738:Conversations with John Le Carré
3695:. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
3386:
3208:"Kim Philby, Double Agent, Dies"
3206:Stephen Erlanger (12 May 1988).
2825:Roger Wilkes (27 October 2001).
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1605:
1217:their deaths, I have no regrets.
970:much later in the KGB archives.
739:, reported in April 1937 to the
441:, an all-boys school located in
338:(SIS or MI6). By the end of the
249:
231:
3875:Philby: The Long Road to Moscow
3816:. London: Biteback Publishing.
3743:University Press of Mississippi
3416:
3363:
3272:
3246:
3199:
3190:
3165:
3156:
3127:
3101:
3063:
3010:
2818:
2542:
2505:
2468:
2372:
2213:
2210:magazine, London, 5 August 2010
2177:
2120:
1478:, a Soviet freighter bound for
861:
825:hotel room the following year.
307:and in the early stages of the
3831:Richelson, Jeffrey T. (1997).
3628:. New York: Chelmsford Press.
2859:Robert McCrum (28 July 2013).
2787:Tom Carver (11 October 2012).
2452:Gordon Corera (4 April 2016).
2011:Natasha Walter (10 May 2003).
1957:
1845:Ron Rosenbaum (10 July 1994).
1792:
1787:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
1774:
1691:Order of Friendship of Peoples
1112:to evade blame and detection.
964:Moscow Central in the Lubyanka
878:from September 1939 until the
678:. Philby worked at first as a
384:, but was forced to defect to
214:Order of Friendship of Peoples
13:
1:
4096:. London: Andre Deutsch Ltd.
3768:. London: Andre Deutsch Ltd.
2762:Hansard Parliamentary Debates
2249:, pp. 263, 263–272, 343.
1789:, retrieved 16 November 2009.
1749:
1717:
1525:Secret files released to the
1506:Philby on a 1990 Soviet stamp
1223:inflict injuries upon herself
1125:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
751:In December 1937, during the
656:, then embroiled in a bloody
605:
492:operated by German communist
391:
344:British Embassy in Washington
18:Harold "Kim" Philby
5265:Burials at Kuntsevo Cemetery
5113:Vladimir Mikhaylovich Petrov
4190:. Norwich: Michael Russell.
3381:Seale & McConnville 1973
3358:Seale & McConnville 1973
3346:Seale & McConnville 1973
3334:Seale & McConnville 1973
3322:Seale & McConnville 1973
3022:National Cold War Exhibition
2909:Seale & McConnville 1973
2897:Seale & McConnville 1973
2748:Seale & McConnville 1973
2636:Seale & McConnville 1973
2624:Seale & McConnville 1973
2597:Seale & McConnville 1973
2561:Seale & McConnville 1973
2537:Seale & McConnville 1973
2411:Seale & McConnville 1973
2367:Seale & McConnville 1973
2355:Seale & McConnville 1973
2319:Seale & McConnville 1973
2271:Seale & McConnville 1973
2259:Borovik & Knightley 1994
2172:Borovik & Knightley 1994
2160:Seale & McConnville 1973
2079:Borovik & Knightley 1994
2067:Borovik & Knightley 1994
2038:Borovik & Knightley 1994
1939:UK public library membership
1562:and was an avid follower of
933:Special Operations Executive
58:Harold Adrian Russell Philby
7:
2827:"The spy who loved his mum"
1533:, according to a report by
1155:
1146:Order of the British Empire
1049:Central Intelligence Agency
1016:. At this time, the German
927:at Brickendonbury Manor in
907:. He briefly reported from
891:British Expeditionary Force
857:British intelligence career
783:Red Cross of Military Merit
635:Anglo-Russian Trade Gazette
336:Secret Intelligence Service
10:
5346:
4539:Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
4317:– Daily Telegraph obituary
4283:. New Haven, Connecticut:
4235:. New York: Engima Books.
4120:William Morrow and Company
4072:W. W. Norton & Company
3586:. New Haven, Connecticut:
2222:retrieved 27 November 2008
1285:Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
1032:) never came to fruition.
560:–herself, at this time, a
459:Trinity College, Cambridge
324:Trinity College, Cambridge
154:Trinity College, Cambridge
124:Ryabinovaya Ulitsa, Moscow
5088:Alexander Gregory Barmine
5078:
5039:
4990:
4893:
4855:
4817:
4807:
4760:
4617:
4391:
4382:
4166:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
4046:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
3994:Little, Brown and Company
3965:Beeston, Richard (1997).
3681:– via Google Books.
3624:Holzman, Michael (2013).
3458:Little, Brown and Company
3018:"Biography of Kim Philby"
2789:"Diary: Philby in Beirut"
2103:Purvis & Hulbert 2016
1722:In a 1981 lecture to the
1497:
1053:Counterintelligence Staff
805:officer in Paris who had
574:University College London
408:, to author and explorer
318:, Philby was educated at
270:
262:
244:
226:
219:
205:
186:
159:
149:
139:
131:
112:
86:
53:
41:
34:
5275:People educated at Aldro
5250:English male journalists
4647:Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh
4377:Soviet and Russian spies
4042:Anthony Blunt: His Lives
3941:. New York: Touchstone.
3854:Philby: The Hidden Years
3808:; Hulbert, Jeff (2016).
3741:. Jackson, Mississippi:
3530:. Wilmington, Delaware.
2721:. London. Archived from
1644:
1300:to work had come back".
1172:, but efforts among the
437:, Philby attended Aldro
4279:; Tsarev, Oleg (1999).
3937:Yergin, Daniel (1991).
3582:Hamrick, S. J. (2004).
1681:Order of the Red Banner
1583:Rufina Ivanovna Pukhova
1370:parliamentary privilege
1079:Elena Modrzhinskaya at
643:Anglo-German Fellowship
612:World Review of Reviews
396:Kim Philby was born in
178:Rufina Ivanovna Pukhova
4963:John Alexander Symonds
4788:Harold James Nicholson
4642:Christopher John Boyce
3894:Smiley, David (1985).
3852:Riley, Morris (1990).
3790:. London: St Ermin's.
3475:Boyle, Andrew (1979).
3433:. London: Allen Lane.
2793:London Review of Books
1914:10.1093/ref:odnb/40699
1871:Page & Leitch 1968
1507:
1472:Glencairn Balfour Paul
1219:
795:
791:International Brigades
639:Joachim von Ribbentrop
588:
531:
5026:Stephen Joseph Ratkai
4325:The National Archives
4285:Yale University Press
4094:Philby: KGB Masterspy
3588:Yale University Press
3559:Fisher, John (1977).
3524:Burton, Alan (2018).
2517:Spartacus Educational
2476:"harry george philby"
2189:Spartacus Educational
1896:Clive, Nigel (2004).
1744:British establishment
1505:
1214:
1135:Years after the war,
813:(later to become the
787:
763:, Bradish Johnson of
670:forces under General
583:
522:
508:Communist sympathiser
277:Harold Adrian Russell
4564:Nadezhda Ulanovskaya
4336:Kim Philby biography
4137:Philby, Kim (1968).
3665:Lett, Brian (2016).
3282:(19 December 1997).
3175:. Kirkus. 1 May 1968
2833:. UK. Archived from
2760:Burgess and MacLean
1813:"The Cambridge Five"
1732:British class system
1579:Worcestershire sauce
1399:Return to journalism
1119:, a cipher clerk in
1045:James Jesus Angleton
1038:Charles Arnold-Baker
1006:counter-intelligence
975:Operation Barbarossa
721:Messerschmitt Bf 109
680:freelance journalist
414:Indian Civil Service
289:intelligence officer
4747:John Anthony Walker
4697:Clayton J. Lonetree
4637:David Sheldon Boone
4559:Alexander Ulanovsky
4524:William Ward Pigman
4143:MacGibbon & Kee
4112:Muggeridge, Malcolm
4012:Brown, Anthony Cave
3900:Chatto & Windus
3896:Albanian Assignment
3499:Brown, Anthony Cave
3425:Andrew, Christopher
3280:Stanley, Alessandra
3113:West Hampstead Life
3060:, pp. 277–278.
2831:The Daily Telegraph
2698:, pp. 150–151.
2686:, pp. 237–239.
2539:, pp. 180–181.
2513:"Konstantin Volkov"
2437:, pp. 254–255.
2413:, pp. 164–165.
2369:, pp. 161–162.
2309:, pp. 110–111.
2273:, pp. 110–111.
2261:, pp. 207–208.
2234:, pp. 198–199.
1768:passportmagazine.ru
1595:US State Department
1439:Defection to Russia
1347:Fleet Street Letter
1310:diplomatic immunity
1255:clerk had reused a
900:The Daily Telegraph
882:, Philby worked as
851:Marks & Spencer
723:fighter planes and
566:Soviet intelligence
348:Albanian Subversion
5285:People from Ambala
5240:British communists
5118:Fyodor Raskolnikov
4953:Michael John Smith
4687:Andrew Daulton Lee
4677:Robert Lee Johnson
4589:Harry Dexter White
4424:Whittaker Chambers
4090:Knightley, Phillip
4064:Knightley, Phillip
3922:. London: Bantam.
3762:Knightley, Phillip
3450:Knightley, Phillip
3448:Borovik, Genrikh;
3289:The New York Times
3212:The New York Times
3141:. 30 December 2020
3115:. 16 December 2018
3026:RAF Museum Cosford
2206:Boris Volodarsky:
2013:"Spies and lovers"
1851:The New York Times
1508:
1355:The New York Times
1202:Operation Valuable
880:Dunkirk evacuation
771:Ernest Sheepshanks
579:Engelbert Dollfuss
547:Austrian Civil War
496:, a member of the
455:Westminster School
439:preparatory school
320:Westminster School
221:Espionage activity
144:Westminster School
5166:
5165:
4986:
4985:
4857:Portland spy ring
4803:
4802:
4672:Edward Lee Howard
4409:Elizabeth Bentley
4327:, 23 October 2015
4294:978-0-300-07806-0
4268:978-0-415-35213-0
4242:978-1-929631-75-9
4223:978-1-84275-004-9
4197:978-0-85955-202-8
4188:Irregular Regular
4175:978-0-374-12885-2
4152:978-0-586-02860-5
4129:978-0-688-00300-5
4103:978-0-233-00048-0
4081:978-0-393-02386-2
4055:978-0-374-10531-0
4029:978-0-02-517390-3
4003:978-0-316-90335-6
3980:978-1-85753-251-7
3948:978-0-671-79932-8
3929:978-0-593-06204-3
3909:978-0-7011-2869-2
3886:978-0-671-21509-5
3863:978-1-85200-029-5
3844:978-0-19-511390-7
3823:978-1-84954-913-4
3797:978-0-9536151-6-2
3775:978-0-233-96014-2
3752:978-1-57806-669-8
3724:978-1-4088-5178-4
3702:978-1-473-62738-3
3678:978-1-4738-6382-8
3671:. Pen and Sword.
3657:978-1-929631-20-9
3635:978-0-615-89509-3
3616:978-1-905239-09-2
3597:978-0-300-10416-5
3574:978-0-7091-6479-1
3537:978-1-62273-290-6
3516:978-0-395-63119-5
3490:978-0-8037-2321-4
3467:978-0-316-91015-6
3440:978-0-7139-9885-6
3400:. 9 November 2018
3241:978-0-316-91015-6
3231:Genrikh Borovik,
2397:978-0-11-630933-4
2174:, pp. 57–58.
2162:, pp. 72–73.
2117:, pp. 37–38.
2105:, pp. 47–48.
2093:, pp. 52–53.
1937:(Subscription or
1873:, pp. 30–39.
1657:Posthumous awards
1576:Lea & Perrins
1560:BBC World Service
1527:National Archives
1445:Anatoliy Golitsyn
1386:Foreign Secretary
1234:with his family.
1182:Communist Albania
1092:Konstantin Volkov
712:. His successor,
660:triggered by the
568:. In early 1934,
424:of Saudi Arabia.
375:Foreign Secretary
352:Communist Albania
328:Spanish Civil War
274:
273:
120:Kuntsevo Cemetery
16:(Redirected from
5337:
5207:
5206:
5205:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5174:
5158:Stig Wennerström
5103:Walter Krivitsky
4968:Edith Tudor-Hart
4898:Michael Bettaney
4815:
4814:
4794:Illegals Program
4742:George Trofimoff
4712:Earl Edwin Pitts
4489:William Malisoff
4464:David Greenglass
4392:1940s and before
4389:
4388:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4348:
4347:
4298:
4272:
4246:
4227:
4201:
4179:
4156:
4133:
4107:
4085:
4059:
4033:
4007:
3984:
3952:
3933:
3913:
3890:
3878:
3867:
3848:
3827:
3815:
3801:
3779:
3756:
3728:
3706:
3682:
3661:
3639:
3620:
3601:
3578:
3555:
3549:
3541:
3520:
3507:Houghton Mifflin
3494:
3482:
3471:
3444:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3390:
3384:
3378:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3250:
3244:
3233:The Philby Files
3229:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3180:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3073:. Archived from
3067:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2837:on 16 March 2011
2822:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2784:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2725:on 15 June 2011.
2718:The Sunday Times
2708:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2639:
2633:
2627:
2621:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2449:
2438:
2432:
2426:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2204:
2193:
2192:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1901:
1893:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1842:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1819:on 19 April 2019
1809:
1803:
1796:
1790:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1760:
1709:
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1520:Mikhail Lyubimov
1457:Nicholas Elliott
1393:House of Commons
1389:Harold Macmillan
1281:David Greenglass
1238:Washington, D.C.
1100:political asylum
999:counteroffensive
997:in time for the
888:
799:Walter Krivitsky
761:Associated Press
753:Battle of Teruel
672:Francisco Franco
624:Second World War
558:Edith Tudor Hart
500:who had fled to
494:Willi MĂĽnzenberg
378:Harold Macmillan
340:Second World War
332:Battle of France
255:
253:
252:
237:
235:
234:
93:
67:
65:
46:
32:
31:
21:
5345:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5203:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5179:
5177:
5169:
5167:
5162:
5108:Kerttu Nuorteva
5098:Dieter Gerhardt
5080:
5074:
5050:Hirohide Ishida
5035:
5021:Gerda Munsinger
5006:Jeffrey Delisle
4982:
4958:Dave Springhall
4913:Litzi Friedmann
4889:
4851:
4837:John Cairncross
4799:
4768:Evgeny Buryakov
4756:
4752:Jerry Whitworth
4737:Robert Thompson
4613:
4609:Anatoli Yatskov
4569:Julian Wadleigh
4378:
4375:
4306:
4301:
4295:
4269:
4243:
4224:
4210:The Spying Game
4198:
4176:
4153:
4130:
4104:
4082:
4056:
4038:Carter, Miranda
4030:
4004:
3981:
3960:
3958:Further reading
3955:
3949:
3930:
3910:
3887:
3864:
3845:
3824:
3806:Purvis, Stewart
3798:
3776:
3753:
3725:
3703:
3679:
3658:
3636:
3617:
3598:
3575:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3517:
3491:
3468:
3441:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3403:
3401:
3398:The Independent
3392:
3391:
3387:
3379:
3375:
3368:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3344:
3340:
3332:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3308:
3304:
3294:
3292:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3251:
3247:
3230:
3226:
3216:
3214:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3178:
3176:
3173:"My Silent War"
3171:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3144:
3142:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3077:on 23 July 2021
3069:
3068:
3064:
3056:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3030:
3028:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2979:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2955:
2951:
2943:
2939:
2931:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2907:
2903:
2895:
2891:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2857:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2823:
2819:
2811:
2807:
2797:
2795:
2785:
2766:
2758:
2754:
2746:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2709:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2658:
2654:
2646:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2622:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2547:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2441:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2417:
2409:
2405:
2398:
2390:. p. 720.
2377:
2373:
2365:
2361:
2353:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2317:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2218:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2185:"Theodore Maly"
2183:
2182:
2178:
2170:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2146:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1971:
1969:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1894:
1877:
1869:
1865:
1855:
1853:
1843:
1832:
1822:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1797:
1793:
1779:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1720:
1659:
1649:Philby died of
1647:
1608:
1591:Active Measures
1500:
1441:
1401:
1338:
1293:J. Edgar Hoover
1240:
1206:Stewart Menzies
1158:
1137:Sir Hardy Amies
1001:around Moscow.
937:drunken driving
903:in addition to
886:
864:
859:
829:Alexander Orlov
704:in 1937 during
608:
545:victory in the
518:Litzi Friedmann
510:
429:Rudyard Kipling
420:and advisor to
394:
250:
248:
232:
230:
212:
201:
182:
167:Litzi Friedmann
150:Alma mater
135:British, Soviet
127:
108:
95:
91:
82:
69:
63:
61:
60:
59:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5343:
5333:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5212:
5211:
5209:United Kingdom
5199:
5187:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5133:Vitaly Shlykov
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5081:in combination
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5046:
5044:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4997:
4995:
4988:
4987:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4943:Geoffrey Prime
4940:
4935:
4930:
4928:Melita Norwood
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4880:Harry Houghton
4877:
4872:
4867:
4861:
4859:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4849:
4844:
4842:Donald Maclean
4839:
4834:
4829:
4823:
4821:
4819:Cambridge Five
4812:
4805:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4790:
4785:
4783:Robert Hanssen
4780:
4775:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4702:Richard Miller
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4667:Reino Häyhänen
4664:
4662:Robert Hanssen
4659:
4657:James Hall III
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4623:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4604:Flora Wovschin
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4584:Nathaniel Weyl
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4454:Harold Glasser
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4395:
4393:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4333:
4328:
4318:
4312:
4305:
4304:External links
4302:
4300:
4299:
4293:
4273:
4267:
4253:, ed. (2005).
4247:
4241:
4228:
4222:
4206:Smith, Michael
4202:
4196:
4180:
4174:
4157:
4151:
4134:
4128:
4108:
4102:
4086:
4080:
4060:
4054:
4034:
4028:
4008:
4002:
3985:
3979:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3947:
3934:
3928:
3915:
3908:
3891:
3885:
3868:
3862:
3849:
3843:
3828:
3822:
3802:
3796:
3784:Philby, Rufina
3780:
3774:
3757:
3751:
3733:Le Carré, John
3729:
3723:
3711:Macintyre, Ben
3707:
3701:
3687:Lownie, Andrew
3683:
3677:
3662:
3656:
3640:
3634:
3621:
3615:
3602:
3596:
3579:
3573:
3556:
3536:
3521:
3515:
3495:
3489:
3472:
3466:
3445:
3439:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3385:
3383:, p. 275.
3373:
3362:
3360:, p. 226.
3350:
3348:, p. 173.
3338:
3326:
3314:
3312:, p. 314.
3302:
3271:
3245:
3224:
3198:
3189:
3164:
3155:
3126:
3100:
3088:
3062:
3058:Macintyre 2015
3050:
3048:, p. 441.
3038:
3009:
2997:
2995:, p. 471.
2985:
2983:, p. 438.
2973:
2971:, p. 437.
2961:
2959:, p. 436.
2949:
2947:, p. 435.
2937:
2935:, p. 434.
2925:
2923:, p. 432.
2913:
2911:, p. 248.
2901:
2899:, p. 243.
2889:
2887:, p. 209.
2885:Macintyre 2015
2877:
2848:
2817:
2815:, p. 193.
2805:
2764:
2752:
2750:, p. 224.
2740:
2738:, p. 137.
2728:
2700:
2696:Macintyre 2015
2688:
2676:
2674:, p. 374.
2664:
2662:, p. 365.
2652:
2650:, p. 362.
2640:
2638:, p. 210.
2628:
2626:, p. 209.
2613:
2611:, p. 228.
2609:Richelson 1997
2601:
2599:, p. 201.
2589:
2587:, p. 344.
2577:
2565:
2563:, p. 187.
2553:
2549:London Gazette
2541:
2529:
2504:
2502:, p. 268.
2492:
2480:siwilaibkk.com
2467:
2439:
2427:
2425:, p. 135.
2423:Richelson 1997
2415:
2403:
2396:
2380:Hinsley, F. H.
2371:
2359:
2357:, p. 129.
2347:
2335:
2333:, p. 113.
2323:
2321:, p. 128.
2311:
2299:
2297:, p. 135.
2287:
2285:, p. 146.
2275:
2263:
2251:
2236:
2224:
2212:
2194:
2176:
2164:
2152:
2140:
2136:Macintyre 2015
2128:
2119:
2115:Macintyre 2015
2107:
2095:
2083:
2071:
2042:
2030:
2003:
1991:
1989:, p. 292.
1979:
1956:
1954:, p. 155.
1944:
1923:978-0198614128
1922:
1875:
1863:
1830:
1804:
1802:, 12 May 1988.
1791:
1773:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1671:Order of Lenin
1658:
1655:
1646:
1643:
1635:New York Times
1607:
1604:
1600:disinformation
1499:
1496:
1440:
1437:
1432:New York Times
1400:
1397:
1374:Prime Minister
1337:
1336:Public denials
1334:
1261:Venona project
1239:
1236:
1170:Soviet Georgia
1166:Soviet Armenia
1157:
1154:
1129:British Empire
1115:A month later
1085:Cambridge Five
915:, sailing for
863:
860:
858:
855:
811:Dies Committee
607:
604:
596:Foreign Office
592:Donald Maclean
570:Arnold Deutsch
509:
506:
465:in Economics.
422:King Ibn Sa'ud
410:St John Philby
393:
390:
359:Donald Maclean
301:Cambridge Five
272:
271:
268:
267:
266:Sonny, Stanley
264:
260:
259:
246:
242:
241:
239:United Kingdom
228:
224:
223:
217:
216:
210:Order of Lenin
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
196:
194:St John Philby
190:
188:
184:
183:
181:
180:
175:
174:Eleanor Brewer
172:
169:
163:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
126:
125:
122:
116:
114:
110:
109:
96:
94:(aged 76)
88:
84:
83:
70:
68:1 January 1912
57:
55:
51:
50:
48:Philby in 1955
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5342:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5320:Double agents
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5300:MI6 personnel
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
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5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
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5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
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5233:
5231:
5228:
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5222:
5220:
5210:
5200:
5198:
5188:
5186:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:Richard Sorge
5146:
5144:
5143:Siddiq Ghouse
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
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5109:
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5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5093:Stig Bergling
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5077:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:Hotsumi Ozaki
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5055:Yotoku Miyagi
5053:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5038:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5011:Igor Gouzenko
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4989:
4979:
4976:
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4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4933:Alan Nunn May
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4923:Percy Glading
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
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4899:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4886:
4883:
4881:
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4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4827:Anthony Blunt
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4806:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4778:Peter Debbins
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4732:Oscar Seborer
4730:
4728:
4727:Robert Soblen
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4707:Ronald Pelton
4705:
4703:
4700:
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4695:
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4683:
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4607:
4605:
4602:
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4597:
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4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4579:Bill Weisband
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4554:Morton Sobell
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4544:Alfred Sarant
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4504:Isaiah Oggins
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4474:John Herrmann
4472:
4470:
4469:Theodore Hall
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Judith Coplon
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
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4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
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4390:
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4385:
4381:
4372:
4367:
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4360:
4358:
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4349:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4296:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4234:
4229:
4225:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4184:Smiley, David
4181:
4177:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4139:My Silent War
4135:
4131:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4047:
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4039:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3963:
3962:
3950:
3944:
3940:
3935:
3931:
3925:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3882:
3877:
3876:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3758:
3754:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3644:Koch, Stephen
3641:
3637:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3599:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3539:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3481:
3480:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3399:
3395:
3389:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3366:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3342:
3336:, p. 93.
3335:
3330:
3324:, p. 84.
3323:
3318:
3311:
3306:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3260:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3213:
3209:
3202:
3193:
3186:
3174:
3168:
3159:
3152:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3059:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3006:
3001:
2994:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2958:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2934:
2929:
2922:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2898:
2893:
2886:
2881:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2853:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2809:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2744:
2737:
2732:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2707:
2705:
2697:
2692:
2685:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2598:
2593:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2550:
2545:
2538:
2533:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2501:
2496:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2455:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2436:
2431:
2424:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2399:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2382:(1979–1990).
2381:
2375:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2351:
2344:
2339:
2332:
2327:
2320:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2296:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2272:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2248:
2243:
2241:
2233:
2228:
2221:
2216:
2209:
2208:History Today
2203:
2201:
2199:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2173:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2150:, p. 54.
2149:
2144:
2138:, p. 44.
2137:
2132:
2123:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2092:
2087:
2081:, p. 31.
2080:
2075:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2040:, p. 18.
2039:
2034:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1995:
1988:
1983:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1952:Le Carré 2004
1948:
1940:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1872:
1867:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1801:
1795:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1654:
1652:
1651:heart failure
1642:
1639:
1636:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1617:
1616:Frances Doble
1612:
1606:Personal life
1603:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1552:My Silent War
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1493:
1492:Ben Macintyre
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1416:The Economist
1412:
1411:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1366:Marcus Lipton
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1324:, Surrey, to
1323:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1306:
1305:prime suspect
1301:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1266:
1265:New York City
1262:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
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1191:
1187:
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1171:
1167:
1162:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:Igor Gouzenko
1113:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:Richard Sorge
984:
980:
976:
971:
969:
965:
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
929:Hertfordshire
926:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
901:
896:
892:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
854:
852:
848:
847:
842:
838:
837:Flora Solomon
834:
830:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
794:
792:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
754:
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5270:KGB officers
5197:Soviet Union
5153:Arne Treholt
5128:Ignace Reiss
5070:Ryūzō Sejima
5060:SanzĹŤ Nosaka
5016:Elena Miller
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4948:Goronwy Rees
4903:George Blake
4885:Konon Molody
4870:Morris Cohen
4846:
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4692:Robert Lipka
4682:Karl Koecher
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4594:Maria Wicher
4534:Vincent Reno
4529:Lee Pressman
4514:Victor Perlo
4509:William Perl
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4434:Morris Cohen
4414:Earl Browder
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3075:the original
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1817:the original
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1534:
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1516:house arrest
1509:
1488:
1484:Russian SFSR
1475:
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1410:The Observer
1408:
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1377:Anthony Eden
1353:
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1257:one-time pad
1250:
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1186:David Smiley
1163:
1159:
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1105:
1098:, requested
1089:
1078:
1067:
1062:Rote Kapelle
1060:
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1034:
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1017:
1003:
983:Adolf Hitler
972:
959:
953:
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872:Nazi Germany
867:
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750:
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661:
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482:Nazi Germany
474:Maurice Dobb
467:
432:
426:
395:
356:
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305:World War II
297:Soviet Union
284:
280:
276:
275:
257:Soviet Union
220:
171:Aileen Furse
113:Burial place
106:Soviet Union
102:Russian SFSR
92:(1988-05-11)
29:
5230:1988 deaths
5225:1912 births
5138:Herman Simm
5123:Alfred Redl
5079:Elsewhere /
4978:Arthur Wynn
4918:Klaus Fuchs
4908:David Crook
4832:Guy Burgess
4761:Post-Soviet
4652:Jack Dunlap
4627:Rudolf Abel
4599:Nathan Witt
4574:Harold Ware
4549:Saville Sax
4479:Donald Hiss
4449:Klaus Fuchs
4419:Boris Bukov
4315:John Philby
4277:West, Nigel
4251:West, Nigel
3565:Robert Hale
3264:20 February
3179:30 December
3145:30 December
2813:Fisher 1977
2684:Lownie 2016
2573:Smiley 1985
2522:22 November
2331:Lownie 2016
2307:Lownie 2016
2247:Andrew 2009
2148:Lownie 2016
2091:Lownie 2016
1987:Yergin 1991
1929:12 February
1856:17 February
1728:East German
1624:Crowborough
1581:, his wife
1545:imperialism
1326:Southampton
1273:Klaus Fuchs
1227:depressions
1190:Enver Hoxha
977:and of the
841:Rothschilds
819:Jane Archer
779:Nationalist
710:Great Purge
663:coup d'Ă©tat
600:Guy Burgess
443:Shackleford
418:Mesopotamia
363:Guy Burgess
198:Dora Philby
132:Nationality
90:11 May 1988
5219:Categories
4865:Lona Cohen
4847:Kim Philby
4722:Myra Soble
4717:Jack Soble
4459:Harry Gold
4444:Noel Field
4429:Lona Cohen
4257:. London:
4214:Politico's
4212:. London:
4141:. London:
4070:. London:
3992:. London:
3969:. London:
3898:. London:
3563:. London:
3505:. Boston:
3456:. London:
3217:28 January
3046:Boyle 1979
3005:Riley 1990
2993:Boyle 1979
2981:Boyle 1979
2969:Boyle 1979
2957:Boyle 1979
2945:Boyle 1979
2933:Boyle 1979
2921:Boyle 1979
2841:30 January
2672:Boyle 1979
2660:Boyle 1979
2648:Boyle 1979
2585:Boyle 1979
2500:Boyle 1979
2456:. BBC News
2435:Boyle 1979
2386:. London:
2232:Boyle 1979
2023:30 January
1941:required.)
1782:Kim Philby
1750:References
1718:Motivation
1453:Dick White
1382:Parliament
1297:homosexual
1277:Harry Gold
1245:top secret
1184:. Colonel
1174:expatriate
941:propaganda
876:Phoney War
823:Washington
757:Republican
746:debriefing
616:pseudonyms
606:Journalism
463:2:1 degree
392:Early life
371:exonerated
245:Allegiance
64:1912-01-01
36:Kim Philby
5185:Biography
5031:Fred Rose
4938:John Peet
4875:Ethel Gee
4519:J. Peters
4404:Joel Barr
4384:In the US
4259:Routledge
4020:Macmillan
3971:Brassey's
3546:cite book
3404:1 January
3119:1 January
2798:4 October
2343:Lett 2016
1999:Koch 2004
1823:11 August
1628:influenza
1602:efforts.
1556:The Times
1541:The Times
1476:Dolmatova
1443:In 1961,
1322:Tatsfield
1148:(OBE) in
1051:'s (CIA)
968:telegrams
949:Hampshire
925:saboteurs
909:Cherbourg
905:The Times
884:The Times
868:The Times
797:In 1938,
733:Gibraltar
729:Panzer II
685:The Times
668:Falangist
658:civil war
620:separated
504:in 1933.
498:Reichstag
470:communism
431:'s novel
140:Education
5001:Sam Carr
4619:Cold War
4399:John Abt
4208:(2003).
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3689:(2016).
3646:(2004).
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1428:Ajaltoun
1421:pen name
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1195:King Zog
1156:Istanbul
1096:Istanbul
1070:Bulgaria
995:Far East
979:Japanese
960:rezident
945:Beaulieu
917:Plymouth
895:Boulogne
846:rezident
807:defected
766:Newsweek
725:Panzer I
539:passport
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330:and the
314:Born in
309:Cold War
295:for the
263:Codename
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4808:In the
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3081:23 July
3031:30 June
2870:29 July
2485:28 June
2460:4 April
1972:21 June
1785:in the
1736:forgery
1564:cricket
1531:memoirs
1512:roubles
1372:to ask
1330:Falaise
1317:Lincoln
1231:insulin
1074:Romania
1057:Gestapo
1014:Tangier
775:Reuters
694:Hendaye
690:Seville
486:fascism
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227:Country
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1360:Labour
1283:, and
1253:cipher
1121:Ottawa
1109:Ankara
1029:Bodden
1024:Allied
1019:Abwehr
1010:Lisbon
833:Madrid
702:Moscow
698:France
647:Berlin
562:Soviet
554:London
535:Prague
514:Vienna
502:France
490:fronts
447:Surrey
402:Punjab
398:Ambala
386:Moscow
382:Beirut
367:Moscow
291:and a
285:Philby
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76:Punjab
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1800:Times
1724:Stasi
1645:Death
1368:used
1178:gulet
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478:Paris
4289:ISBN
4263:ISBN
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3435:ISBN
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3297:2012
3266:2014
3237:ISBN
3219:2011
3181:2020
3147:2020
3121:2021
3083:2021
3033:2011
2872:2013
2843:2011
2800:2012
2524:2020
2487:2024
2462:2016
2392:ISBN
2388:HMSO
2025:2011
2019:. UK
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1931:2021
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1858:2008
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