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REPORT TO COLONEL ROSCOE AT TORONTO, CANADA, TO COMMAND 27TH AMERICAN AERO SQUADRON WITH RANK FROM THIS DATE OF MAJOR, SIGNAL CORPS, UNITED STATES ARMY." Hartney later described this order as "a bolt from the blue", that "nearly bowled me over" and that was "unexpected." At this point, he was not even a U.S. citizen. After
Hartney reached Canada and reported to Colonel Roscoe in Toronto in late-October, inquiries were made of Washington and Hartney was promptly assured that he in fact had been granted U.S. citizenship; at least one authority agrees that Hartney did receive American citizenship in October 1917, but another reports that Hartney did not become a U.S. citizenship until 1923. Earlier, he (like some other RFC pilots) had signed a card stating that he was willing to go to the U.S. to instruct American fliers. Other than this, Hartney did not recall anything that may have been responsible for his sudden and unexpected, but (to him) exciting, transfer to the U.S. Air Service. It is known, however, that Hartney's transfer was pursuant to an agreement the RFC had previously made with the U.S. Air Service, to release to the U.S. some Americans who were serving in the RFC; the purpose of this was to provide experienced, battle-hardened leaders for U.S. air squadrons that were preparing to go to overseas. Hartney was one of five RFC pilots transferred, at about the same time, under the agreement. Two of these five, including Hartney, were Canadian. Why Hartney, a Canadian, was transferred to the U.S. Air Service remains a mystery.
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battle the attacker, only to discover that his own FE.2 suffered from a snapped-off propeller blade and broken flying wires and was incapable of fighting. The
Canadian ace had to shut down the engine and dead-stick to a crashlanding in a Belgian field picketed with hop poles. After impact, he found himself lying under the 775 pounds of the FE.2's engine. Australian troops trying to lift it free dropped it back on him.
501:
371:. He came out slightly above the German, who was now in a head-on firing pass. Hartney's gunner fired five four-round bursts. Hartney's recollection was, "His tank ablaze, he pulled up almost directly in front of us, then whip-stalled to Eternity." Despite the flames, Hartney was credited with an "out of control" victory.
406:
The FE.2 escort's observer also downed an
Albatros, while Jourdan accounted for another; one German fell aflame, the other fell in a slow spinning dive. The escort then broke up under fire from a single Albatros; the British observer was killed in action, and the pilot wounded. Hartney attempted to
402:
fighter planes. Then, as
Hartney later wrote, "...the right rear enemy ship...took a swoop at us. His tracer bullets were playing about us for fully two seconds before Jourdan finally let him have both guns right in the face. The poor brave kid just kept on going, for all the world like a mortally
425:
After recuperating, Hartney was transferred to the U.S. Air
Service. How and why this happened is somewhat unclear. He had been sent to Gosport by the RFC to command a flight. On September 21, 1917 - almost immediately after arriving at Gosport - Hartney received a telegram ordering him to ". . .
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On the way home, Hartney and his gunner got into eleven more skirmishes, clearing three incidental machine gun jams. In one skirmish, they tailed another German and sent him down in a smoking plunge to earth for what was officially another "out of control" win. By the time the FE.2d landed, the
316:, filled out for his entry at Saskatoon, gives his height as 5 feet 9½ inches, his complexion as fair, and hair and eyes as brown. His next of kin is given as Irene McCeary Hartney, care of Russell Hartney. Harold Hartney claimed three years prior service as a lieutenant in the
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gunner had run one gun dry; the other was jammed. The plane was a bullet-riddled wreck, trailing torn fabric. Seven bullets stuck in the engine's water jacket bled off its coolant, and the engine "froze", with four of its
485:, by Stackpole Sons (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania). Since then, other editions too have been commercially published. A British edition was published in 1974 by Bailey Bros. & Swinfen Ltd., under the title of
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in 1919; ironically, the award citation did not mention his aerial victories. Instead, he was cited for a photo reconnaissance mission on 13 August 1918. He became a member of the
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and was a practicing attorney there for several years before becoming a journalist. In 1937, Colonel
Hartley served on the board investigating the destruction of the airship
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in the Air
Service, leading to some confusion as to his nationality. He resigned from the Air Service in 1921 but maintained his rank as a Reserve officer.
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pistons sticking to their cylinder walls. Tattered streamers of fabric torn by bullets trailed from the biplane. Somehow, the crew was uninjured.
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wounded bird plummeting to his death near a river bend below us." This victory was
Hartney's fifth, making him an ace.
398:. With observer W. T. Jourdan aboard, and escorted by another FE.2, Hartney found himself under attack by seven German
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pilot. On 1 July 1916, while flying over the developing ground attack, Hartney found himself under fire from a
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863:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, in co-operation with the Department of National Defence. p. 94.
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Canadian Airmen and the First World War: The
Official History of the Royal Canadian Air Force, Volume I
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Hartney would not score again until 20 October. He then took leave before returning to the fray as 'A'
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After he shipped out to
England with the 28th Battalion C.E.F.in May 1915, he visited an aerodrome at
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in 1911 and worked in his brother's law office in Saskatoon. After earning a graduate degree at the
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Hartney also wrote his memoirs. This work was originally published in 1940, under the title of
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386:. On 2 February, flying his ninth assigned aircraft in eight months duty, Hartney destroyed a
305:, and played cornet in the town band. He married in 1914, just prior to World War I's start.
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Hartney eventually was hospitalized beside his observer. By one source they were victims of
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273:(April 19, 1888 – October 5, 1945) was a Canadian-born World War I
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while training nearby on Dibgate Plains and crossed paths with fellow Canadian
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Colonel Stanley M. Ulanoff USAR (Editor), in "Introduction to New Edition" of
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418:, who had scored the first of his 14 victories. Another source credits Baron
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363:. Hartney smacked his gunner alert, sideslipped from danger, and racked his
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Hartney in 1919 in his Fokker D.VII at the 1919 Transcontinental Air Race
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715:"The World War I Diary of Colonel Frank P. Lahm, Air Service, AEF"
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He scored his last win for them on 25 June 1918, while in the
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
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770:(New ed.). New York: Ace Books. pp. 10 & 84.
433:, although he went on to an unconfirmed triumph over a
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List of World War I flying aces from the United States
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Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
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United States Army Air Service pilots of World War I
755:(New ed.). New York: Ace Books. pp. 83–84.
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946:. Jon Guttman, Harry Dempsey. Osprey Pub Co, 2009.
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343:. On 21 October 1915, he transferred to the RFC.
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845:(New ed.). New York: Ace Books. p. 84.
830:(New ed.). New York: Ace Books. p. 84.
785:(New ed.). New York: Ace Books. p. 86.
355:, Hartney had been assigned to 20 Squadron as a
969:, New Edition (Ace Books: New York City, 1971).
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801:(New ed.). New York. p. 10.
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19:For the Australian footballer, see
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1033:Recipients of the Legion of Honour
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448:Harold Hartney ended the war as a
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1018:University of Saskatchewan alumni
625:from the original on 15 June 2011
550:from the original on 15 June 2011
460:Hartney was awarded the American
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914:by A.A. Hoehling, page 126
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615:"Harold Evans Hartney"
540:"Harold Evans Hartney"
420:Manfred von Richthofen
289:Early life and service
902:, October 1941, p. 36
431:27th Pursuit Squadron
422:with the shoot-down.
295:University of Toronto
142:Years of service
859:Wise, S. F. (1980).
619:www.theaerodrome.com
544:www.theaerodrome.com
470:District of Columbia
271:Harold Evans Hartney
32:Harold Evans Hartney
731:on 5 September 2012
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303:Saskatoon Fusiliers
193:No. 20 Squadron RFC
450:lieutenant colonel
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205:27th Aero Squadron
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443:1st Pursuit Group
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329:Folkestone
275:flying ace
261:, Italian
87:Allegiance
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249:American
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312:. His
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392:Lille
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631:2010
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