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262:, saw the quilt, which she found to be remarkable, and asked to purchase it. Powers refused to sell, but the two women remained in touch. Four years later, Powers, met with financial difficulties and encouraged by her husband to sell, offered to sell the quilt to Smith for ten dollars; Smith agreed but talked the price down to five dollars (~$ 170.00 in 2023). Powers vividly explained the imagery on the quilt to Smith– who recorded these explanations, adding notes of her own, in her personal diary. It may be that Smith elaborated on the Christian content in her account. Powers visually communicated with her narrative quilts in themes from her own experience and the techniques from the age-old crafts of African Americans.
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667: in (610 mm Ă— 381 mm Ă— 19 mm) and "seems to have been erected by Powers' youngest son, Marshall", whose name was at the top of the headstone. Holmes had been searching for the grave off and on for about two years. On Christmas Eve 2004, Holmes and her husband, David Berle, a University of Georgia horticulture professor, who had been assisting with restoration efforts for the cemetery, were searching in a "still uncleared" area. First they found a marker for Viola Powers (a daughter-in-law) and then, an hour later, the Powers' headstone.
604:. These comments were included in documentation when the quilt was given to Reverend Cuthbert of Atlanta University. According to her notes, for the Leonid or falling stars square, Powers said, "The people were frightened and thought that the end of time had come. God's hand staid the stars. The varmints rushed out of their beds." Another panel illustrates the 'dark day' May 19, 1780 (now identified as a historically dense smoke over North America caused by Canadian Wildfires).
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527: in × 105 in, 1,750 mm × 2,670 mm), completed in 1889, is also constructed from cotton and made using appliqué techniques. There 15 equally sized panels, or squares, arranged in three rows of five. There are 10 biblical images, four historical scenes, and a morality lesson. The scenes are not arranged sequentially, but are randomly placed mixing both biblical and historical scenes.
209:. In 1886, Powers exhibited her first quilt at the Athens Cotton Fair. After some financial difficulty, Armstead began to slowly sell off tracts of land in the early 1890s, and he ultimately defaulted on his taxes. Despite their financial troubles, the Powerses did not lose their home. Their region had a cash poor, rural economy, and it was difficult for African Americans to collect the cash for taxes and fees.
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202:, the Powerses and their children were emancipated. On the 1870 census they were recorded as having $ 300 (~$ 7,228 in 2023) in personal property, although they did not own land. In terms of occupation, Powers was listed as 'keeping house' and her husband as a 'farmhand.' At this point, three of their children– Amanda, Leon Joe (Alonzo), and Nancy– still lived at home.
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it then, but Powers did not want to sell. Four years later Powers returned to Smith, offering to sell the quilt because of her family's needs. She explained the panels to Smith at the time, who recorded her comments. Powers visited the quilt on several occasions while Smith owned it, demonstrating its special significance in her life.
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In
October 2010, organizations in Athens, Georgia, produced several events related to the theme "Hands That Can Do: A Centennial Celebration of Harriet Powers." The events included a quilt exhibit, storytelling, a gospel concert, a symposium, a commemorative church service at New Grove Baptist Church
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Author Floris
Barnett Cash suggests that Powers's interest in celestial scenes, religious stories, and astronomical occurrences reflected interchanges within the Black community where she lived. Community-shared information, such as hearing sermons from preachers every Sunday, or the news, was shared
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Of the 10 Bible stories depicted, three refer to God's creation of creatures in pairs (Panels 7, 9, and 14). Other stories include Adam and Eve and the serpent (Panel 4), Moses and the serpent (Panel 3), Jonah and the whale (Panel 6), Job praying for his enemies (Panel 1), the angels of wrath and the
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Jennie Smith, a young local artist who had studied abroad, saw the quilt at the Athens Cotton Fair of 1886. She later wrote that she was taken with the quilt because, " style is bold and rather on the impressionist's order while there is a naivete of expression that is delicious." She offered to buy
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The four historical panels depict natural phenomena that impressed
Americans and became part of oral tradition, some of which occurred before Powers' birth. For example, Panel 2 which depicts The Dark Day of May 19, 1780, a day so dark the sun appeared to be blocked out (this was caused by smoke and
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made several changes to their reproduction project. They had "Copyright 1992 Smithsonian
Institution" printed on every quilt to avoid confusion. They agreed to prohibit sale of quilt reproductions in museum gift shops or any type of catalogue, and contracted for quilt reproductions with two domestic
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seem to be made from a singular pattern. Male figures are differentiated from female ones through a V-shape cut from the skirt. Additionally, her representations of humans, animals, and objects are minimalist and capture the essence of the figure, making her work stylistically similar to works made
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Other analysts have suggested that Powers' interest in celestial bodies was related to a belief in their religious significance, or that they were related to a fraternal organization of some sort. Her interpretations of both quilts have survived in writings by others. The result may have been
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and other similar works without exploring who might own the familial rights to the work and who could receive some of the royalties from its reproduction. The quilting and arts community were also concerned that the mass reproduction of these unique, timeless quilts would not only dampen the
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in Athens. In 2005, University of
Georgia graduate student Cat Holmes rediscovered the joint headstone for Powers and her husband, Armsted, which over the years had been obscured by overgrown vegetation. The marker held the couple's name and was about 24 in Ă— 15 in
348: in, 2,240 mm Ă— 1,870 mm) is constructed out of cotton cloth and arranged in three rows with a total of 11 panels, or squares. Some scenes are given larger panels than others. The quilt has a 'random' quality although the scenes are arranged linearly.
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significance of their makers, but obscure the important origins of their place in
American history. These groups believed strongly that, if reproductions were going to be made, they should be produced by American quilting companies to help support the craft in the
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was given the quilt in 1898 by a group of "faculty ladies" at
Atlanta University. The Presbyterian minister had just been appointed as president of Union Seminary in New York. His son Reverend Basil Douglas Hall (1888 - 1979) inherited it about 1961.
235:; it shared insights into Powers's life when she was enslaved, how and when she learned to read and write, and descriptions of at least four of her quilts. Powers wrote that she learned Bible stories through her own study of the book.
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influenced by the people recording her comments. Researchers have learned that Powers was literate, but she might also have used her quilts as teaching tools, as many people in her community were likely unable to read.
489:. To prevent such controversies in the future, the Smithsonian additionally began to hold public forums that fostered discussion and further research about ethical practices as related to artistic reproductions.
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Panel 13 is the morality lesson and depicts two rich people who were given everlasting punishment for knowing nothing of God. The panel also shows a hog said to have walked from
Georgia to Virginia.
363:." This Old Testament account was popular with slaves since they related to the hunted, homeless Jacob and the ladder, which they interpreted as representing escape from slavery. Other subjects are
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273:, who had seen the first quilt at the Cotton States Exhibition in Atlanta in 1895, when Powers and her husband had separated. According to another source, the quilt was purchased in
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539:. Panel 11 portrays 'Cold Thursday,' February 10, 1895. Here Powers portrays individuals frozen in their tracks. Panel 12 represents the Red Light Night of 1846.
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Many felt so passionately about this cause that they canceled their
Smithsonian memberships, contacted their congressmen, signed petitions, and protested on the
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In
December 2023, a new, commemorative memorial for Harriet and Armstead Powers was dedicated at the Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery. The memorial was sponsored by the
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1630:"Smithsonian Wraps Itself in Controversy : Americana: The museum is authorizing the sale of foreign-made reproductions of classic American quilt designs"
1548:"Smithsonian Wraps Itself in Controversy : Americana: The museum is authorizing the sale of foreign-made reproductions of classic American quilt designs"
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In 1894, Armstead left Powers; she never remarried and likely supported herself as a seamstress. She remained in Clarke County for most of her life.
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techniques that demonstrate both African-American and African influences. They are notable for their bold use of these techniques and storytelling.
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Art historians have identified similarities between West African appliqué wall hangings and Powers's works. Similar to the appliquéd textiles of
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was made in 1898 and its history is somewhat unclear. One account suggests that it was commissioned by the wives of faculty members of
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described Powers as ignorant and illiterate, learning Bible stories from "others more fortunate", Powers was literate. Quilt historian
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611:, Powers's work feature standardized symbols with little variation. For example, most of the human figures, both male and female, in
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October 28, 1914, pp. 493–495. Published four years after Powers's death, Lucine Finch's article includes a photograph of the
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1986:"Stitch in Time: 'Hands that Can Do' A Centennial Celebration of Harriet Powers". Athens Banner-Herald (GA). October 24, 2010.
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161:. Her quilts are considered among the finest examples of nineteenth-century Southern quilting. Her work is on display at the
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Shearer, Lee (January 9, 2005). "Famous grave found off Fourth Street: Digging through history; quilter remembered".
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and emancipation, she and her husband became landowners by the 1880s, but lost their land due to financial problems.
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purchased the work in 1964, donating it to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, in a bequest. It is displayed there.
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Powers, "an aged Negro woman who held the esteem of many Athens people," according to her death notice in the
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In 1855, at the age of eighteen, Powers married Armstead Powers. They had at least nine children together.
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was gifted to the Smithsonian Institution by Mr and Mrs. H M. Heckman. It is currently on display at the
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commissioned by the Smithsonian Institution and Visual Press of the University of Maryland, 2000.
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Encyclopedia of African-American culture and history : the Black experience in the Americas
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died January 1, 1910, of pneumonia and was buried at the local African American resting place,
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Holmes, Catherine L., "The darling offspring of her brain: the quilts of Harriett Powers" in
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discovered a letter written by Powers while conducting research for her book on the quilter:
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The panels depict Bible stories, such as Jacob and his ladder, portrayed in the spiritual "
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A Pattern Book: Based on an Appliqué Quilt by Mrs. Harriet Powers, American, 19th Century.
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for purchase, many Americans were shocked. The quilting and arts community, particularly
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companies, Cabin Creek Quilters in Appalachia and Missouri Breaks, a group based on the
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Fader, Ellen. (March 1, 1994). "Stitching Stars: The Story Quilts of Harriet Powers",
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Whatever its origins, the piece was presented to the Reverend Charles Cuthbert Hall of
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231:(2009). The letter was a copy of an 1896 letter from Powers to a prominent woman from
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Gospel Pilgrim's Progress: Rehabilitating an African American Cemetery for the Public
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By the 1880s Powers and her family owned four acres of land and ran a small farm in
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The Lord's Supper Pattern Book: Imagining Harriet Powers' Lost Bible Story Quilt.
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seven vials (Panel 10), and two scenes from the life of Jesus (Panels 5 and 15).
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In an 1896 letter, Powers describes a quilt made in about 1882 that she called
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Harriet and Armstead Powers headstone front side, dedicated December 2, 2023.
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1922:"More than 100 years after her death, a revered quilter is honored in Athens"
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ashes from forest fires in Canada); as well as, Panel 8 which represents the
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Hidden in Plain View: A Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad
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1656:"The Smithsonian Quilt Controversy | World Quilts: The American Story"
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1228:(1St ed.). Place of publication not identified: Black Threads Press.
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First performed in New York City (2002) by the Xoregos Performing Company.
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These plans for foreign reproductions and sales raised great controversy.
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1948:"Ceremony held to commemorate Armstead and Harriet Powers' new headstone"
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Threads of life : a history of the world through the eye of a needle
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1384:"Kinship and Quilting: An Examination of an African-American Tradition"
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303:. Similarly, records of other quilts exist but it's unclear if they or
1726:(2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 1830–1831.
1295:"'A Quilt Unlike Any Other': Rediscovering the Work of Harriet Powers"
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born into slavery in rural northeast Georgia. Powers used traditional
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Adams, Marie Jeanne (1976). "The Harriet Powers Pictorial Quilts".
1488:. Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland: University of Georgia Press.
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Jennie Smith recorded Harriet Powers's comments for each square of
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and learned to sew from other slaves or from her female enslaver.
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1253:"This I Accomplish": Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces
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This I Accomplish: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces
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This I Accomplish: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces
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This I Accomplish: Harriet Powers' Bible Quilt and Other Pieces
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events. Powers married young and had a large family. After the
1063:. London: Sceptre (Hodder & Stoughton). pp. 201–203.
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during quilting frolics and was incorporated into her quilts.
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They believed that it was disrespectful to make money off the
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at the time. The reverend's heirs sold the quilt to collector
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Harriet Powers: A Freed Slave Tells Stories Through Quilting.
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Sewing Stories: Harriet Powers' Journey From Slave To Artist.
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Herkert, Barbara, and Vanessa Brantley-Newton (illustrator).
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Ribbon wreath at Harriet Powers grave site. Laid Oct 31 2010.
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American female folk artist and quilter from the 19th century
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Harriet and Armstead Powers headstone back side of memorial.
1971:" Stitch in Time," by Julie Philips, 'Athens Banner-Herald,
284:, who was serving as the vice-chairman of the University's
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An American quilt. Unfolding a story of family and slavery
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techniques to make quilts that expressed local legends,
2089:, University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, 2006.
2059:
Black Threads: An African American Quilting Sourcebook
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Writing Women's History: A Tribute to Anne Firor Scott
461:, were extremely upset by these reproduction efforts.
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Powers died on January 1, 1910; and was buried in the
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126:(October 29, 1837 – January 1, 1910) was an American
973:"HARRIET POWERS – Nurse. Volunteer. social activist"
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in Winterville, and visit to the Powers grave site.
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Stitching Stars: The Story Quilts of Harriet Powers
153:Only two of her quilts are known to have survived:
2104:Selections of nineteenth-century Afro-American art
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745:issued a proclamation naming October 30, 2010, as
480:in Washington, D.C. Based on these responses, the
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438:hired a Chinese company to make reproductions of
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1525:Smithsonian: National Museum of American History
367:, Eve and her son in a continuance of Paradise,
356:techniques, and was both hand and machine sewn.
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1568:"1825 - 1840 Susan Strong's "Great Seal" Quilt"
776:New York: Knopf Books for Young Readers, 2015.
550:According to Cuthbert family history, Reverend
1896:"PHOTOS: Revered quilter is honored in Athens"
1485:The Afro-American tradition in decorative arts
1132:"Harriet Powers an artist of story quilts web"
246:. Her grave was rediscovered in January 2005.
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1099:. Washington, DC: T&S Press. p. 32.
643:
3366:List of North American pieced quilt patterns
2127:African-American Folk Artist Harriet Powers.
1204:"EXHIBIT OF THE NEGROES (November 24, 1895)"
1165:Africana Studies Student Research Conference
585:phenomena. Both quilts are hand and machine
171:Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts
2144:Southern American quilting: Harriet Powers.
2112:Jacquiline L. Tobin and Raymond G. Dobard,
2108:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
1793:. Pegasus Books. pp. 209 (quoted on).
1756:Journal of the American Medical Association
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2087:Georgia Quilts: Piecing Together a History
1521:"1885 – 1886 Harriet Powers's Bible Quilt"
1016:"1885 – 1886 Harriet Powers's Bible Quilt"
790:. New York, NY: Aladdin Paperbacks, 1997.
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31:
3745:Textile artists from Georgia (U.S. state)
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1286:
828:. New York: Rizzoli International, 1994.
687:Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery Historical Marker
449:When the first reproductions appeared in
3611:San Jose Museum of Quilts & Textiles
3586:Museum of the American Quilter's Society
2033:, Spring 1982, American Folk Art Museum.
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1754:Cole, T. B. (2014). "Pictorial Quilt".
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3616:Conservation and Restoration of Quilts
1920:McCarthy, Rebecca (December 4, 2023).
1301:. UP of Mississippi. pp. 82–116.
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1097:Threads of Time, The Fabric of History
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985:from the original on December 21, 2019
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842:Arlington: Black Threads Press, 2011.
730:In 2009, Powers was inducted into the
3715:19th-century American textile artists
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1857:"Aged Colored Woman Dies in Athens".
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1673:Cole, Thomas B. (November 19, 2014).
1586:"NQA - National Quilting Association"
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399:and the thirty pieces of silver, the
326:Harriet Powers Bible Quilt, 1885–1886
3750:19th-century African-American people
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1604:"Maryland's Four County Quilt Guild"
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1159:Johnson, Alyssa (February 8, 2019).
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221:Cotton States and International Expo
3740:20th-century African-American women
3735:19th-century African-American women
3725:20th-century American women artists
3720:19th-century American women artists
2040:Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001. Print.
1881:Online Athens: Athens Banner-Herald
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1572:National Museum of American History
1274:. University of Georgia. p. 71
1020:National Museum of American History
954:
811:Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1970.
424:National Museum of American History
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163:National Museum of American History
37:Photograph of Harriet Powers (1901)
13:
3730:19th-century women textile artists
3637:Finch, Lucine (October 28, 1914).
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2038:Black Feminist Cultural Criticism.
2019:
1894:Carroll, Nell (December 4, 2023).
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375:killing Abel, Cain going into the
254:Powers exhibited her first quilt,
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2061:, McFarland & Company, 2003.
1675:"Pictorial Quilt: Harriet Powers"
1297:. In Elizabeth Anne Payne (ed.).
1161:"A Modern Mother: Harriet Powers"
1145:
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1095:Reed Miller, Rosemary E. (2002).
1085:
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997:
801:
769:. Vol. 70, no. 2, p. 219(2).
581:and historical scenes as well as
455:The National Quilting Association
3581:International Quilt Study Center
1946:Wood, Jesse (December 4, 2023).
1926:The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
1900:The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
1546:KONCIUS, JURA (April 10, 1992).
1358:. Random House. pp. 37–39.
1293:Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher (2011).
3643:The Outlook: With Illustrations
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1265:Morris, Emmeline E. E. (2007).
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672:Women of Color Quilters Network
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3695:African-American women artists
2027:"Harriet Powers' Bible Quilts"
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361:We Are Climbing Jacob's Ladder
1:
2930:Nell Kendall Hodgson Woodruff
2075:, Black Threads Press, 2009.
1382:Cash, Floris Barnett (1995).
1179:"Biography of Harriet Powers"
909:
826:Harriet Powers's Bible Quilts
414:
334:(measuring 88 in Ă—
292:, who then donated it to the
3710:Artists from Athens, Georgia
3670:19th-century American slaves
3083:Jean Elizabeth Geiger Wright
2899:Ella Gertrude Clanton Thomas
2192:Georgia Women of Achievement
2149:Harriet Powers Film Project.
1482:Vlach, John Michael (1978).
1388:The Journal of Negro History
978:Georgia Women of Achievement
925:"Harriet Powers (1837–1910)"
732:Georgia Women of Achievement
537:Leonid meteor shower of 1833
175:
7:
3455:Underground Railroad quilts
3256:Layered textiles and quilts
2417:Lettie Pate Whitehead Evans
2046:, "A Sermon in Patchwork,"
1720:McCaskill, Barbara (2006).
1334:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
872:
741:Athens-Clarke County Mayor
436:The Smithsonian Institution
294:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
10:
3766:
2826:May duBignon Stiles Howard
2350:Susan Cobb Milton Atkinson
2308:Emily Harvie Thomas Tubman
2100:Perry, Regenia A. (1972).
1660:worldquilts.quiltstudy.org
853:
644:Death, burial and memorial
3675:American outsider artists
3566:
3500:
3491:International Honor Quilt
3463:
3430:
3389:
3348:
3335:
3261:
3184:
3153:
3122:
3091:
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3056:
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2733:
2707:
2676:
2650:
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2316:
2280:
2244:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2198:
1527:. Smithsonian Institution
947:October 18, 2007, at the
249:
105:
95:
85:
67:
42:
30:
23:
3576:Great Lakes Quilt Center
3135:Josephine Fields Sanders
3008:Mamie George S. Williams
2972:Carolyn Mackenzie Carter
2549:Alice Harrell Strickland
2523:Catherine Evans Whitener
2262:Cassandra Pickett Durham
1768:10.1001/jama.2013.279853
1691:10.1001/jama.2013.279853
929:New Georgia Encyclopedia
904:The Quilts of Gee's Bend
565:
560:Maxim and Martha Karolik
487:Lakota Sioux reservation
310:
3639:"A Sermon in Patchwork"
3207:Elizabeth "Bessie" Tift
3073:Katharine DuPre Lumpkin
3003:Susie Baker King Taylor
2925:Frances Freeborn Pauley
2821:Mary Francis Hill Coley
2741:Caroline Pafford Miller
2715:Elfrida De Renne Barrow
2616:Emily Barnelia Woodward
2606:Helen Dortch Longstreet
2565:Madeleine Kiker Anthony
2539:Wessie Gertrude Connell
1224:Hicks, Kyra E. (2009).
654:Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery
482:Smithsonian Institution
459:Four County Quilt Guild
430:Bible Quilt controversy
371:among the seven stars,
305:The Lord's Supper Quilt
301:The Lord's Supper Quilt
240:Gospel Pilgrim Cemetery
3700:Women outsider artists
3645:. The Outlook: 493–495
3356:English paper piecing‎
3342:
3171:Luck Flanders Gambrell
3161:Phyllis Jenkins Barrow
3130:Lizzie Lurline Collier
2904:Bazoline Estelle Usher
2878:Henrietta Stanley Dull
2720:Amilee Chastain Graves
2668:Sarah Porter Hillhouse
2570:Helena Maud Brown Cobb
2386:Rebecca Latimer Felton
1998:"Artworks Summer 2002"
1183:americanartgallery.org
1059:Hunter, Clare (2019).
951:, Early Women Masters.
884:Baltimore album quilts
766:The Horn Book Magazine
718:
708:
698:
688:
507:
327:
265:Powers' second quilt,
79:Clarke County, Georgia
61:Clarke County, Georgia
3596:Quilters Hall of Fame
3341:
3068:Clarice Cross Bagwell
2894:Rebecca Stiles Taylor
2842:Sarah Randolph Bailey
2699:Sara Branham Matthews
2658:Eliza Frances Andrews
2611:Sarah McLendon Murphy
2601:Louise Frederick Hays
2252:Dicksie Bradley Bandy
2137:June 5, 2018, at the
2116:(Anchor Books, 2000).
2002:archive.wvculture.org
1789:May, Rachael (2018).
758:Children's literature
716:
706:
696:
686:
552:Charles Cuthbert Hall
502:
325:
180:Powers was born into
3464:Notable modern works
3192:Beatrice Hirsch Haas
3176:Dorothy Rogers Tilly
2956:Katie Hall Underwood
2951:Ellamae Ellis League
2847:Beulah Rucker Oliver
2816:Lillian Gordy Carter
2725:Susan Dowdell Myrick
2694:Helen Douglas Mankin
2663:Grace Towns Hamilton
2544:Lula Dobbs McEachern
2422:Julia Collier Harris
2401:Lucy Barrow McIntire
2329:Anna Colquitt Hunter
1356:All That She Carried
1354:Miles, Tiya (2021).
879:African-American art
575:Pictorial Quilt 1898
494:Pictorial Quilt 1898
275:Nashville, Tennessee
267:The Pictorial Quilt,
159:Pictorial Quilt 1898
116:Pictorial Quilt 1898
3569:museums, and events
3518:Jennifer Chiaverini
3471:AIDS Memorial Quilt
3432:History of quilting
3109:Laura Pope Forester
3029:Mary Dorothy Lyndon
2873:Mary Gregory Jewett
2689:Edith Lenora Foster
2632:Alice Woodby McKane
2575:Julia Lester Dillon
2497:Laura Askew Haygood
2432:Carrie Steele Logan
2391:Mary Ann Harris Gay
2355:Nellie Peters Black
2324:Selena Sloan Butler
2303:Ruth Hartley Mosley
2231:Juliette Gordon Low
1610:on February 6, 2019
1447:collections.mfa.org
889:History of quilting
678:
602:the Pictorial Quilt
511:The Pictorial Quilt
506:, Mixed Media. 1898
385:Jonah and the Whale
260:Lucy Cobb Institute
3523:Mary Cozens-Walker
3477:Quilt of Belonging
3361:Foundation piecing
3343:
3114:Allie Murray Smith
2998:Ludie Clay Andrews
2977:Clermont Huger Lee
2946:Sarah Harper Heard
2920:Allie Carroll Hart
2868:Lollie Belle Wylie
2637:Nina Anderson Pape
2580:Leila Ross Wilburn
2502:Ellen Axson Wilson
2492:Sallie Ellis Davis
2370:Lugenia Burns Hope
2036:Bobo, Jacqueline.
1973:October 24, 2010,
1861:. January 4, 1910.
859:Cavalieri, Grace.
753:In popular culture
747:Harriet Powers Day
719:
709:
699:
689:
677:
508:
330:Finished in 1886,
328:
271:Atlanta University
219:article about the
200:American Civil War
148:American Civil War
3705:Religious artists
3680:American quilters
3626:
3625:
3440:Gee's Bend quilts
3381:Possum-skin cloak
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3197:Adella Hunt Logan
3145:Josephine Wilkins
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
2790:Mary Ann Lipscomb
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2684:Margaret O. Bynum
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2334:Hazel Jane Raines
2298:Margaret Mitchell
2267:Viola Ross Napier
2236:Flannery O'Connor
2081:978-0-9824796-5-0
1952:The Red and Black
1800:978-1-68177-417-6
1762:(19): 1952–1953.
1685:(19): 1952–1953.
1634:Los Angeles Times
1553:Los Angeles Times
1443:"Pictorial quilt"
1330:"Pictorial quilt"
1272:(master's thesis)
923:Ashley Callahan.
861:Quilting the Sun.
807:Powers, Harriet.
726:Posthumous honors
723:
722:
451:Spiegel catalogue
444:Great Seal Quilt.
389:Baptism of Christ
286:board of trustees
215:Although an 1895
121:
120:
3757:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3634:
3484:Chinese Souls #2
3324:Sashiko quilting
3299:Provençal quilts
3250:
3243:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3099:Ruby M. Anderson
3058:
3057:
3047:
3046:
2795:Celestine Sibley
2780:
2779:
2769:
2768:
2642:Jeannette Rankin
2596:Mathilda Beasley
2518:Julia L. Coleman
2482:
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2293:Carson McCullers
2226:Lucy Craft Laney
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1636:. April 10, 1992
1626:
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1606:. Archived from
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571:Bible Quilt 1886
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317:Bible Quilt 1886
167:Washington, D.C.
155:Bible Quilt 1886
112:Bible Quilt 1886
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57:October 29, 1837
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3606:Quilt Treasures
3568:
3562:
3496:
3459:
3426:
3385:
3344:
3333:
3294:Patchwork quilt
3274:Corded quilting
3269:Baltimore album
3257:
3254:
3224:
3211:
3202:Valerie Murphey
3180:
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3087:
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2800:Madrid Williams
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2139:Wayback Machine
2123:
2071:Hicks, Kyra E.
2057:Hicks, Kyra E.
2022:
2020:Further reading
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949:Wayback Machine
940:
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838:Hicks, Kyra E.
804:
786:Lyons, Mary E.
760:
755:
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663:
659:
658:
646:
613:the Bible Quilt
568:
548:
523:
519:
516:
514:
504:Pictorial quilt
497:
457:and Maryland's
432:
420:The Bible Quilt
417:
352:was made using
350:The Bible Quilt
344:
340:
337:
335:
332:The Bible Quilt
320:
313:
307:have survived.
256:The Bible Quilt
252:
217:Chicago Tribune
186:Athens, Georgia
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71:January 1, 1910
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3601:Quilt National
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3567:Organizations,
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3548:Holice Turnbow
3545:
3543:Harriet Powers
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3284:Hawaiian quilt
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3279:Crazy quilting
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2025:Adams, Monni.
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981:. March 2009.
953:
942:Harriet Powers
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899:List of slaves
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734:Hall of Fame.
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650:Athens Banner,
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397:Judas Iscariot
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198:Following the
190:Madison County
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96:Known for
93:
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75:(aged 72)
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47:Harriet Powers
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2044:Finch, Lucine
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278:
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225:Kyra E. Hicks
222:
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207:Clarke County
203:
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184:in 1837 near
183:
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142:stories, and
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45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
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3647:. Retrieved
3642:
3632:
3542:
3508:Sandy Bonsib
3489:
3482:
3475:
2852:Ethel Harpst
2750:
2365:Corra Harris
2288:Julia Flisch
2221:Martha Berry
2154:
2113:
2105:
2102:
2086:
2072:
2058:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2030:
2005:. Retrieved
2001:
1992:
1981:
1972:
1967:
1955:. Retrieved
1951:
1941:
1929:. Retrieved
1925:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1899:
1889:
1880:
1858:
1852:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1790:
1784:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1737:. Retrieved
1722:
1715:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1633:
1624:
1612:. Retrieved
1608:the original
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1551:
1541:
1529:. Retrieved
1524:
1484:
1450:. Retrieved
1446:
1394:(1): 30–41.
1391:
1387:
1355:
1349:
1337:. Retrieved
1333:
1324:
1314:November 12,
1312:. Retrieved
1298:
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1267:
1260:
1255:, pp. 37–40.
1252:
1225:
1219:
1207:. Retrieved
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1182:
1173:
1164:
1135:. Retrieved
1096:
1060:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:
987:. Retrieved
976:
937:
928:
918:
860:
839:
825:
808:
787:
773:
764:
746:
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736:
729:
669:
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612:
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541:
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510:
509:
503:
493:
475:
465:
463:
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454:
448:
443:
439:
433:
419:
418:
409:
379:for a wife,
365:Adam and Eve
358:
349:
331:
329:
316:
304:
300:
298:
279:
266:
264:
255:
253:
237:
233:Keokuk, Iowa
228:
216:
214:
211:
204:
197:
194:
179:
158:
154:
152:
144:astronomical
123:
122:
115:
111:
107:Notable work
73:(1910-01-01)
18:
3690:1910 deaths
3685:1837 births
3649:November 4,
3591:Quilt Index
3553:Molly Upton
3445:Rajah Quilt
3422:Ribbon work
3319:Ralli quilt
2360:Ellen Craft
2155:Bible Quilt
2052:Bible Quilt
2031:The Clarion
2007:December 7,
1739:October 26,
1590:QuiltingHub
1531:October 26,
1278:January 15,
558:Collectors
513:(measuring
466:Bible Quilt
440:Bible Quilt
405:Holy Family
401:Last Supper
393:Crucifixion
377:Land of Nod
277:, in 1898.
128:folk artist
86:Nationality
3664:Categories
2982:Lucile Nix
2396:Nancy Hart
1957:January 5,
1931:January 5,
1905:January 5,
1809:1035751122
1733:0028658167
1079:1079199690
989:August 27,
910:References
546:Provenance
415:Provenance
169:, and the
53:1837-10-29
3417:Penny rug
3407:Khayamiya
3376:Patchwork
3371:Log Cabin
3349:Patchwork
3304:Quilt art
3140:Hedy West
2272:Ma Rainey
1836:0145-8116
1830:: 12–28.
1824:Black Art
1699:0098-7484
1424:141226163
1408:0022-2992
1137:March 22,
848:779971630
782:864752924
595:piecework
583:celestial
176:Biography
3397:Appliqué
3390:Applique
3329:Trapunto
3309:Quilting
3262:Quilting
2135:Archived
2048:Outlook,
1776:25399258
1707:25399258
1640:March 4,
1614:March 4,
1339:March 5,
1209:March 5,
1188:April 1,
1025:March 5,
983:Archived
945:Archived
894:Quilting
873:See also
834:29356836
796:38176225
591:appliqué
589:, using
587:stitched
579:biblical
434:In 1992
354:appliqué
136:appliqué
100:Quilting
90:American
3513:Jo Budd
1844:2792353
1504:3608807
1416:2717705
854:Theater
817:6038345
662:⁄
657:Ă—
616:by the
577:depict
522:⁄
343:⁄
182:slavery
132:quilter
3501:People
3314:Quilts
2093:
2079:
2065:
1842:
1834:
1807:
1797:
1774:
1730:
1705:
1697:
1502:
1492:
1452:May 6,
1422:
1414:
1406:
1362:
1305:
1232:
1103:
1077:
1067:
846:
832:
815:
794:
780:
628:, and
622:Asante
403:, the
391:, the
387:, the
250:Career
244:Athens
3051:2020s
2773:2010s
2475:2000s
2204:1990s
1420:S2CID
1412:JSTOR
626:Fante
609:Benin
566:Style
369:Satan
311:Works
140:Bible
3651:2017
3412:Mola
3185:2024
3154:2023
3123:2022
3092:2021
3061:2020
3017:2019
2991:2018
2965:2017
2939:2016
2913:2015
2887:2014
2861:2013
2835:2012
2809:2011
2783:2010
2734:2009
2708:2008
2677:2007
2651:2006
2625:2005
2589:2004
2558:2003
2532:2002
2511:2001
2485:2000
2441:1999
2410:1998
2379:1997
2343:1996
2317:1995
2281:1994
2245:1993
2214:1992
2091:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2063:ISBN
2009:2022
1959:2024
1933:2024
1907:2024
1840:OCLC
1832:ISSN
1805:OCLC
1795:ISBN
1772:PMID
1741:2016
1728:ISBN
1703:PMID
1695:ISSN
1679:JAMA
1642:2020
1616:2020
1533:2016
1500:OCLC
1490:ISBN
1454:2022
1404:ISSN
1360:ISBN
1341:2016
1316:2014
1303:ISBN
1280:2023
1230:ISBN
1211:2016
1190:2021
1139:2018
1101:ISBN
1075:OCLC
1065:ISBN
1027:2016
991:2020
844:OCLC
830:OCLC
813:OCLC
792:OCLC
778:OCLC
593:and
573:and
373:Cain
157:and
130:and
68:Died
43:Born
1764:doi
1760:312
1687:doi
1683:312
1396:doi
630:Ewe
618:Fon
471:U.S
381:Job
242:in
165:in
3666::
3641:.
2029:,
2000:.
1950:.
1924:.
1898:.
1867:^
1838:.
1826:.
1803:.
1770:.
1758:.
1701:.
1693:.
1681:.
1677:.
1658:.
1632:.
1588:.
1570:.
1550:.
1523:.
1512:^
1498:.
1462:^
1445:.
1432:^
1418:.
1410:.
1402:.
1392:80
1390:.
1386:.
1374:^
1332:.
1244:^
1181:.
1163:.
1147:^
1115:^
1087:^
1073:.
1035:^
1018:.
999:^
975:.
956:^
927:.
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749:.
674:.
632:.
624:,
620:,
515:68
473:.
426:.
395:,
383:,
336:73
296:.
3653:.
3249:e
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2184:e
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2170:v
2011:.
1961:.
1935:.
1909:.
1883:.
1846:.
1828:3
1811:.
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1766::
1743:.
1709:.
1689::
1662:.
1644:.
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