Henry Clay - Knowledge

2658:. Despite Taylor's largely unknown political views, many Whigs believed he was the party's strongest possible candidate due to his martial accomplishments in the Mexican–American War. One of Clay's most trusted allies and advisers, John J. Crittenden, was Taylor's de facto campaign manager. Clay had initially told his allies that he would not run in the 1848 presidential election, but he was unwilling to support Taylor, a "mere military man." On April 10, 1848, he announced his candidacy for the Whig nomination. Although Webster and Winfield Scott each commanded a limited base of support in the party, Taylor and Clay each saw the other as their lone serious rival for the Whig nomination. As Taylor commanded the support of most Southern Whigs, Clay focused his efforts on courting Northern Whigs, emphasizing his opposition to the Mexican–American War and his life-long support for the gradual emancipation of slaves in Kentucky. Clay presented a strong challenge to Taylor at the 1966:, Clay campaigned on his American System of high tariffs and federal spending on infrastructure. Three members of Monroe's Cabinet, Secretary of the Treasury William Crawford, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, and Secretary of War John C. Calhoun, appeared to be Clay's strongest competitors for the presidency. Though many, including Clay, did not take his candidacy seriously at first, General Andrew Jackson emerged as a presidential contender, eroding Clay's base of support in the western states. In February 1824, the sparsely attended Democratic-Republican congressional caucus endorsed Crawford's candidacy, but Crawford's rivals ignored the caucus results, and various state legislatures nominated candidates for president. During the campaign, Crawford suffered a major stroke, while Calhoun withdrew from the race after Jackson won the endorsement of the Pennsylvania legislature. 2854:. Through high tariffs, Clay hoped to free the United States from dependence on foreign imports, especially from Britain. Clay sought to ensure a stable financial system through support for the national bank, which regulated the country's banking system and helped ensure a consistent supply of credit. Clay's support for federally financed internal improvements stemmed from his belief that only the federal government could construct the transportation system necessary for uniting the country commercially and culturally. His land policy focused on using federal revenue from land sales to fund states' investments in education, infrastructure projects, and other priorities. 10023: 874: 2491:

the national bank, higher tariff rates, a national bankruptcy law, and an act to distribute the proceeds of land sales to the states for investments in infrastructure and education. Clay and his congressional allies attempted to craft a national bank bill acceptable to Tyler, but Tyler vetoed two separate bills to re-establish the national bank, showing that he in fact had no will to reach a solution for the party's issues. Clay and other Whig leaders were now outraged not only by Tyler's rejection of the Whig party platform but also because they felt that Tyler had purposely misled them into thinking that he would sign the bills.

13124: 2545:, which would add another slave state to the union. After President Tyler concluded an annexation treaty with Texas, Clay announced his opposition to annexation. He argued that the country needed "union, peace, and patience," and annexation would bring tensions over slavery and war with Mexico. The same day that Clay published a letter opposing the annexation of Texas, Van Buren also came out against annexation, citing similar reasons as Clay, so that slavery and especially expansionism seemed to play no role in the next election. Clay unanimously won the presidential nomination at the 1226: 1977:, the top three electoral vote-getters would be eligible to be elected by the House. Clay was confident that he would prevail in a contingent held in the chamber he presided over, so long as he was eligible for election. Clay won Kentucky, Ohio, and Missouri, but his loss in New York and Louisiana relegated him to a fourth-place finish behind Adams, Jackson, and Crawford. Clay was humiliated that he finished behind the invalid Crawford and Jackson, but supporters of the three remaining presidential candidates immediately began courting his support for the contingent election. 11866: 11468: 2385:, and Senator Daniel Webster. By running multiple candidates, the Whigs hoped to force a contingent election in the House of Representatives. Clay personally preferred Webster, but he threw his backing behind Harrison who had the broadest appeal among voters. Clay's decision not to endorse Webster opened a rift between the two Whig party leaders, and Webster would work against Clay in future presidential elections. Despite the presence of multiple Whig candidates, Van Buren won the 1836 election with 50.8 percent of the popular vote and 170 of the 294 electoral votes. 2604: 2408: 879: 10382: 2873:. Early in his career, Clay favored gradual emancipation in both Kentucky and Missouri, but each state rejected plans that would have provided for gradual emancipation. Clay continued to support gradual emancipation throughout his career and published an open letter in 1849 calling for gradual emancipation in Kentucky, though he qualified this view by stating he would only support emancipation if it included a plan for colonizing free blacks outside of the state. Unlike many other Southern leaders, he consistently favored recognition of 2262:"; Congress passed a bill to renew the national bank's charter, but Jackson vetoed it, holding the bank to be unconstitutional. Clay had initially hoped that the national bank re-charter would work to his advantage, but Jackson's allies seized on the issue, redefining the 1832 election as a choice between the president and a "monied oligarchy." Ultimately, Clay was unable to defeat a popular sitting president. Jackson won 219 of the 286 electoral votes and 54.2% of the popular vote, carrying almost every state outside of New England. 884: 1688:, though he advocated for the replacement of the latter. The war started poorly for the Americans, and Clay lost friends and relatives in the fighting. In October 1813, the British asked Madison to begin negotiations in Europe, and Madison asked Clay to join his diplomatic team, as the president hoped that the presence of the leading war hawk would ensure support for a peace treaty. Clay was reluctant to leave Congress but felt duty-bound to accept the offer, and so he resigned from Congress on January 19, 1814. 2721: 1346: 3189:. A 1986 survey of historians ranked Clay as the greatest senator in U.S. history, while a 2006 survey of historians ranked Clay as the 31st-most influential American of all time. A 1998 poll of historians ranked Clay as the most qualified unsuccessful major party presidential nominee in U.S. history. In 2015, political scientist Michael G. Miller and historian Ken Owen ranked Clay as one of the four most influential American politicians who never served as president, alongside 2699: 1932: 3157: 1285: 685: 868: 3068:

was also living in Amherstburg, Ontario. In a speech he gave at Union Chapel there, he told not only of continual sparse food and lack of warm clothing, but of 150 lashes from overseer Ambrose Brice for the offense of being an hour late returning from a visit to his wife. Brice later denied this claim, stating it was 16 lashes, and the offense was drunkenness. Clay was away on business when this occurred. Richardson's speech was published in an abolitionist newspaper,

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unsuitable for the presidency. On January 9, 1825, Clay privately met with Adams for three hours, after which Clay promised Adams his support; both would later claim that they did not discuss Clay's position in an Adams administration. With the help of Clay, Adams won the House vote on the first ballot. After his election, Adams offered Clay the position of secretary of state, which Clay accepted, despite fears that he would be accused of trading his support for the

2526: 2214: 18819: 10098: 8476: 2565:" presidential nominee in U.S. history, and Whigs mocked him as a "fourth rate politician." Despite his relative lack of national stature, Polk proved to be a strong candidate capable of uniting the factions of the Democratic Party and winning the support of Southerners who had been reluctant to support Van Buren. Clay's stance on slavery alienated some voters in both the North and the South. Pro-slavery Southerners flocked to Polk, while many Northern 2779: 13652: 2912:. He objected to the three years when the enslaved were in jeopardy as they were still held as property. The date of 1860 would lead to family separations as those born before 1860 would remain enslaved and those born after were subjected to a mandatory importation. Those gathered first applauded at the mention of Henry Clay. However, once Douglass made these points, those gathered change their response to hisses and cries of “Shame.” 2187:. In 1830, Jackson vetoed the project both because he felt that the road did not constitute interstate commerce, and also because he generally opposed using the federal government to promote economic modernization. While Jackson's veto garnered support from opponents of infrastructure spending, it damaged his base of support in Clay's home state of Kentucky. Clay returned to federal office in 1831 by winning election to the Senate over 1715:. After a series of American military successes in 1814, the British delegation made several concessions and offered a better peace deal. While Adams and Gallatin were eager to make peace as quickly as possible even if that required sub-optimal terms in the peace treaty, Clay believed that the British, worn down by years of fighting against France, greatly desired peace with the United States. Partly due to Clay's hard-line stance, the 2620: 18839: 18829: 10109: 8300: 8495: 2486:, a close ally of Clay, was chosen as Attorney General. As Harrison prepared to take office, Clay and Harrison clashed over the leadership of the Whig Party, with Harrison sensitive to accusations that he would answer to Clay. Just a month into his presidency, Harrison died of an illness and was succeeded by Vice President John Tyler. Tyler retained Harrison's Cabinet, but the former Democrat and avid follower of both 2362:. Neither the Whigs nor the Democrats were unified geographically or ideologically. However, Whigs tended to favor a stronger legislature, a stronger federal government, a higher tariff, greater spending on infrastructure, re-authorization of the Second Bank of the United States, and publicly funded education. Conversely, Democrats tended to favor a stronger president, stronger state governments, lower tariffs, 1889:. Despite protests from Secretary of War Calhoun, Monroe and Adams decided to support Jackson's actions in the hope that they would convince Spain to sell Florida. Clay, however, was outraged, and he publicly condemned Jackson's decision to hang two foreign nationals without a trial. Before the House chamber, he compared Jackson to military dictators of the past, telling his colleagues "that Greece had her 2040: 3345:, Clay's home in Washington, D.C. during his tenure as secretary of state, is also a National Historic Landmark. Due to his involvement in the American Colonization Society, a town in the newly formed Liberia in West Africa was named Clay-Ashland after Henry Clay and to where the freed slaves from Kentucky emigrated. Clay is also one of the "famous five" senators honored with their portraits in the 3216: 1822: 2581:

decisive issue in the race, but Polk's savvy campaigning on the tariff may have also been decisive, as he narrowly won pro-tariff Pennsylvania after downplaying his anti-tariff views. After Polk's victory and the final indirect success of Tyler's strategy, Congress approved the annexation of Texas, which was signed by Tyler on his last day in office, and Texas gained statehood in late 1845.

40: 706: 2002: 1675:, a series of decrees that had resulted in a de facto commercial war with the United States. Though Clay recognized the dangers inherent in fighting Britain, one of the most powerful countries in the world, he saw it as the only realistic alternative to a humiliating submission to British attacks on American shipping. Clay led a successful effort in the House to 1533:, which took place on January 19. While many contemporary duels were called off or fought without the intention of killing one another, both Clay and Marshall fought the duel with the intent of killing their opponent. They each had three turns to shoot; both were hit by bullets, but both survived. Clay quickly recovered from his injury and received only a minor 2427:, a major recession that badly damaged the Democratic Party. Clay and other Whigs argued that Jackson's policies, including the use of pet banks, had encouraged speculation and caused the panic. He promoted the American System as a means for economic recovery, but President Van Buren's response focused on the practice of "strict economy and frugality." As the 2305:

to adapt to less protective rates. Clay's compromise tariff won the backing of both manufacturers, who believed they would not receive a better deal, and Calhoun, who sought a way out of the crisis but refused to work with President Jackson's supporters on an alternative tariff bill. Though most members of Clay's own National Republican Party opposed it, the

2639:. In November 1847, Clay re-emerged on the political scene with a speech that was harshly critical of the Mexican–American War and President Polk. He attacked Polk for fomenting the conflict with Mexico and urged the rejection of any treaty that added new slave territory to the United States. Months after the speech, the Senate ratified the 1308:. The Ashland estate eventually encompassed over 500 acres (200 ha), with numerous outbuildings such as a smokehouse, a greenhouse, and several barns. There were 122 enslaved people at the estate during Clay's lifetime, with about 50 people needed for farming and the household. He planted crops such as corn, wheat, and rye, as well as 2577:. Clay's opposition to annexation damaged his campaign in the South, as Democrats argued that he worked in unison with Northerners to stop the extension of slavery. In July, Clay wrote two letters in which he attempted to clarify his position on the annexation of Texas, and Democrats attacked his supposedly inconsistent position. 2537:. By 1842, most observers believed that Clay would face Van Buren in the 1844 presidential election, as he had still remained as the clear leader of the Democrats and, following the tradition of the founders, wanted a second term. Hoping to win another term, President Tyler forged an alliance with John C. Calhoun and pursued the 2734:

administration's policies. In January 1850, with Congress still deadlocked regarding the status of the Mexican Cession, Clay proposed a compromise designed to organize territory acquired in the Mexican–American War and address other issues contributing to sectional tensions. His legislative package included the admission of

1374:, and James Brown, Clay established his own law practice, frequently working on debt collections and land disputes. Clay soon established a reputation for strong legal ability and courtroom oratory. In 1805, he was appointed to the faculty of Transylvania University where he taught, among others, future Kentucky Governor 2452:, a personal friend of Clay, whose previous career in the Democratic Party had practically come to an end, as the vice-presidential nominee. Clay was disappointed by the outcome but helped Harrison's ultimately successful campaign by delivering numerous speeches. With Whigs also winning control of Congress in the 1909:, and, that if we would escape the rock on which they split, we must avoid their errors." Jackson saw Clay's protestations as an attack on his character and thus began a long rivalry between Clay and Jackson. The rivalry and the controversy over Jackson's expedition temporarily subsided after the signing of the 1707:, the head of the American team. Clay and Adams maintained an uneasy relationship marked by frequent clashes, and Gallatin emerged as the unofficial leader of the American team. When the British finally presented their initial peace offer, Clay was outraged by its terms, especially the British proposal for an 1645:" group that opposed many federal initiatives, emerged as a prominent opponent of Speaker Clay. While Randolph frequently attempted to obstruct Clay's initiatives, Clay became a master of parliamentary maneuvers that enabled him to advance his agenda even over the attempted obstruction by Randolph and others. 3143:

was a great admirer of Clay, saying he was "my ideal of a great man." Lincoln wholeheartedly supported Clay's economic programs and, prior to the Civil War, held similar stances about slavery and the Union. Some historians have argued that a Clay victory in the 1844 election would have prevented both

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Clay himself wrote, "here in Kentucky slavery is in its most mitigated form, still it is slavery." Clay's will provided for the gradual emancipation of the slaves he held at the time of his death in 1852. Aaron Dupuy was an exception. Clay also stipulated that several of those slaves were bequeathed

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On January 4, 1845, Webster received a sentence of two years hard labor for her part in the escape; she was pardoned on February 24, 1845. Also during February, Fairbank was sentenced to 15 years. The Kentucky governor pardoned him in 1849. However, he was imprisoned again in 1852 and served 12 years

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President Taylor, who favored the immediate admission of California and New Mexico as free states without any attached conditions, opposed the plan, and Clay openly broke with the president in May 1850. Debate over Clay's proposal continued into July when Taylor unexpectedly died of an illness. After

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For various reasons, supporters of all three candidates believed they had the best chance of winning Clay's backing, but Clay quickly settled on supporting Adams. Of the three candidates, Adams was the most sympathetic to Clay's American System, and Clay viewed both Jackson and the sickly Crawford as

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angered many Southerners because they resulted in higher prices for imported goods. After the 1832 election, South Carolina held a state convention that declared the tariff rates of 1828 and 1832 to be nullified within the state, and further declared that federal collection of import duties would be

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As speaker, Clay wielded considerable power in making committee appointments, and like many of his predecessors he assigned his allies to important committees. Clay was exceptional in his ability to control the legislative agenda through well-placed allies and the establishment of new committees and

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Clay is generally regarded as one of the important political figures of his era. Most historians and political scientists consider Clay to be one of the most influential speakers of the house in U.S. history. In 1957, a Senate Committee selected Clay as one of the five greatest U.S. senators, along

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Another example is Lewis Richardson, Clay's self-emancipated slave. He gave a speech that belies Clay's self-portrayal as a "good" master. Richardson had been enslaved at Ashland for 20 years, and after a beating escaped via the Underground Railroad in January, 1846. By May of that year, Richardson

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broke out after American and Mexican forces clashed at the disputed border region between Mexico and Texas. Initially, Clay did not publicly oppose the war, but privately he saw it as an immoral war that risked producing "some military chieftain who will conquer us all." He suffered a personal blow

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Though Clay favored high tariff rates, he found Jackson's strong rhetoric against South Carolina distressing and sought to avoid a crisis that could end in civil war. He proposed a compromise tariff bill that would lower tariff rates, but do so gradually, thereby giving manufacturing interests time

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in the general election. Monroe offered Clay the position of secretary of war, but Clay strongly desired the office of secretary of state and was angered when Monroe instead chose John Quincy Adams for that position. Clay became so bitter that he refused to allow Monroe's inauguration to take place

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Clay was greatly interested in gambling, although he favored numerous restrictions and legal limitations on it. Famously, he once won $ 40,000 (approximately $ 970,000 as of 2020). Clay asked for $ 500 (approximately $ 12,000 today) and waived the remainder of the debt. Shortly afterward, Clay fell

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with Great Britain about the border to Canada, resigned from office. This made Tyler increasingly move closer to his former Democratic Party and, with Webster still serving in the Tyler administration, Clay emerged as the clear leader of the Whig Party. In early 1842, Clay resigned from the Senate

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and Jackson's philosophy quickly made it known that he had reservations about re-establishing a national bank, a key priority of Clay's. Clay nonetheless initially expected that Tyler would approve the measures passed by the Whig-controlled Congress; his priorities included the re-establishment of

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Aaron Dupuy, Charlotte's husband, was ordered by Clay to be whipped, at the behest of Clay's wife, Lucretia. Dupuy's infraction was a late return as Lucretia's carriage driver. The overseer attempted the whipping, but Dupuy managed to wrest the whip away and began beating the overseer. He was not

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Later in his career, Clay became increasingly concerned about abolitionism, remarking that "the ultraism of the South on the one hand and the ultraism of abolition on the other" represented the greatest threat to the Union. Nonetheless, he consistently defended the right of abolitionists to send

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Clay returned to the United States in September 1815; despite his absence, he had been elected to another term in the House of Representatives. Upon his return to Congress, Clay won election as Speaker of the House. The War of 1812 strengthened Clay's support for interventionist economic policies

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Though he was widely regarded as the most qualified Whig leader to serve as president, many Whigs questioned Clay's electability after two presidential election defeats. He also faced opposition in the North due to his ownership of slaves and lingering association with the Freemasons, and in the

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and cousin to John Clay. Elizabeth would have seven more children with Watkins, bearing a total of sixteen children. Watkins became a kind and supportive stepfather and Clay had a very good relationship with him. After his mother's remarriage, the young Clay remained in Hanover County, where he

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Clay served as secretary of state from 1825 to 1829. As secretary of state, he was the top foreign policy official in the Adams administration, but he also held several domestic duties, such as oversight of the patent office. Clay came to like Adams, a former rival, and to despise Jackson. They

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in favor of an activist government that would promote industry and commerce. The American System had four key tenets: high tariffs, a stable financial system, federal investment in internal improvements, and a public land sale policy designed to raise revenue and provide for carefully managed

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Polk narrowly won the election, taking 49.5% of the popular vote and 170 of the 275 electoral votes. Birney won several thousand anti-annexation votes in New York, and his presence in the race may have cost Clay the election. Most of Clay's contemporaries believed that annexation had been the

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By 1822, several members of the Democratic-Republican Party had begun exploring presidential bids to succeed Monroe, who planned to retire after two terms like his predecessors. As the Federalist Party was near collapse, the 1824 presidential election would be contested only by members of the

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passed both houses of Congress. Jackson simultaneously signed the tariff bill and the Force bill, and South Carolina leaders accepted the new tariff, effectively bringing the crisis to an end. Clay's role in resolving the crisis brought him renewed national stature in the wake of a crushing

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Clay was one of Adams's most important political advisers, but because of his myriad responsibilities as secretary of state, he was often unable to take part in campaigning. As Adams was averse to the use of patronage for political purposes, Jackson's campaign enjoyed a marked advantage in

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and other backers, Harrison consolidated support on subsequent ballots and won the Whig presidential nomination on the fifth ballot of the convention. Seeking to placate Clay's supporters and to balance the ticket geographically, the convention chose former Virginia Governor and Senator

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stated his opinion that "had there been one such man in the Congress of the United States as Henry Clay in 1860–1861 there would, I feel sure, have been no civil war". Clay's protege and fellow Kentuckian John J. Crittenden attempted to keep the Union together with the formation of the

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Increasingly worried about the sectional tensions arising over the issue of slavery in newly acquired territories, Clay accepted election to the Senate in 1849. Having refused to campaign for Taylor, Clay played little role in the formation of Taylor's Cabinet or in determining the new

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On his 600-acre plantation, there were 122 slaves held over the course of his life. Clay's status as a slave owner and his anti-slavery views occasionally led to conflicts in his political career. During a visit to Indiana in the 1840s, Clay was confronted at a political meeting by a

1202:. Her father, Colonel Thomas Hart, was an early settler of Kentucky and a prominent businessman. Hart proved to be an important business connection for Clay, as he helped Clay gain new clients and grow in professional stature. Hart was the namesake and grand-uncle of Missouri Senator 1268:. Thomas (who had served some jail time in Philadelphia in 1829–1830) became a successful farmer, James established a legal practice (and later served in Congress), and John (who in his mid-20s was also confined to the asylum for a short time) became a successful horse breeder. 1175:

under Wythe's mentorship. Wythe had a powerful effect on Clay's worldview, with Clay embracing Wythe's belief that the example of the United States could help spread human freedom around the world. Wythe subsequently arranged a position for Clay with Virginia attorney general

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Taylor's death, President Fillmore, who supported Clay's compromise bill, consulted with Clay in appointing a new Cabinet. Exhausted by the debate in the Senate, Clay took a leave of absence shortly after Taylor's death, but Fillmore, Webster, and Democratic Senator

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departed from precedent by frequently taking part in floor debates. Yet he also gained a reputation for personal courteousness and fairness in his rulings and committee appointments. Clay's drive to increase the power of the office of speaker was aided by President

2869:, who emancipated his own human property. Like most of his contemporaries, Clay was not a racial egalitarian and never called for the immediate abolition of slavery, but he viewed slavery as a "grievous wrong to the slave" and spoke in favor of equal treatment for 20402: 20407: 2896:

Under Clay's plan, all enslaved children born after 1860 would be freed at age 25. At that time, they were to work for three years in order to finance their own importation. During this period, enslavers could still sell or mortgage their human property.

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of Tennessee, who favored annexation, but in order to calm anti-expansionists, promised to just run for a single term. Following the nomination of a pro-annexation Democrat, Tyler soon ended his incipient independent run for president and endorsed Polk.

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ascended to office in 1841, Clay clashed with Tyler, who broke with Clay and other congressional Whigs. Clay resigned from the Senate in 1842 and won the 1844 Whig presidential nomination, but he was narrowly defeated in the general election by Democrat

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In November 1797, Clay relocated to Lexington, Kentucky, near where his parents and siblings resided. The Bluegrass region, with Lexington at its center, had quickly grown in the preceding decades but had only recently stopped being under the threat of

1332:. Though Clay suffered some financial issues during economic downturns, he never fell deeply into debt and ultimately left his children a large inheritance. After the deaths of Anne and Susan, Clay and Lucretia raised several grandchildren at Ashland. 2237:, and his attempt to convince Calhoun to serve as his running mate failed, leaving the opposition to Jackson split among different factions. Inspired by the Anti-Masonic Party's national convention, Clay's National Republican followers arranged for a 1845:

that would provide for the gradual emancipation of Missouri's slaves. Though Clay had previously called for gradual emancipation in Kentucky, he sided with the Southerners in voting down Tallmadge's amendment. Clay instead supported Illinois Senator

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resigned to accept appointment to a position as a federal judge, and Clay was selected by the legislature to fill Thruston's seat. Clay quickly emerged as a fierce critic of British attacks on American shipping, becoming part of an informal group of

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between Britain and the U.S. The treaty was signed on December 24, 1814, bringing a close to the War of 1812. After the signing of the treaty, Clay briefly traveled to London, where he helped Gallatin negotiate a commercial agreement with Britain.

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Jackson. Nonetheless, the national bank's federal charter expired in 1836, and though the institution continued to function under a Pennsylvania charter, it never regained the influence it had had at the beginning of Jackson's administration.

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As the 1832 election approached, the debate over the re-authorization of the national bank emerged as the most important issue in the campaign. By the early 1830s, the national bank had become the largest corporation in the United States, and

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Lewis Hayden's wife and child were enslaved by Clay. The three journeyed via the Underground Railroad to Amherstburg, Ontario. The couple became prominent abolitionists and later resided in Boston, MA. Lewis was elected in 1873 to the state

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issued by the national bank served as the de facto legal tender of the United States. Jackson disliked the national bank because of a hatred of both banks and paper currency. The bank's charter did not expire until 1836, but bank president

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such as federally funded internal improvements, which he believed were necessary to improve the country's infrastructure system. He eagerly embraced President Madison's ambitious domestic package, which included infrastructure investment,

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as Taylor's running mate. Clay was embittered by his failure at the convention, and he did not campaign on behalf of Taylor. Nonetheless, Taylor won the election, taking 47.3 percent of the popular vote and 163 of 290 electoral votes.

13469: 13457: 1050:. Clay won election to the Senate in 1831 and ran as the National Republican nominee in the 1832 presidential election, but he was defeated decisively by President Jackson. After the 1832 election, Clay helped bring an end to the 2032:" trade agreements in an attempt to ensure that no European country had a trading advantage over the United States. Seeking deeper relations with Latin American countries, Clay strongly favored sending American delegates to the 18842: 13498: 2059:. Adams's opponents defeated many of his proposals, including the establishment of a naval academy and a national observatory, but Adams did preside over the construction or initiation of major infrastructure projects like the 1150:

After Clay had worked at the Richmond emporium for a year, he obtained a clerkship that had become available at the Virginia Court of Chancery. Clay adapted well to his new role, and his handwriting earned him the attention of

2503:, which distributed the proceeds of land sales to the states, and the Bankruptcy Act of 1841, which was the first law in U.S. history that allowed for voluntary bankruptcy. Facing a large budget deficit, Tyler also signed the 1139:

learned how to read and write. In 1791, Watkins moved the family to Kentucky, joining his brother in the pursuit of fertile new lands in the West. However, Clay did not follow, as Watkins secured his temporary employment in a

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abolitionist, Hiram Mendenhall, who presented Clay with a petition calling on him to free his slaves. Clay dismissed Mendenhall out of hand, stating that the petition was no different from if it demanded he give up his farm.

13563: 2099:; Clay was especially distressed by Jackson's victory in Kentucky. The election result represented not only the victory of a man Clay viewed as unqualified and unprincipled but also a rejection of Clay's domestic policies. 2984: 13539: 13481: 1812:

emerged as the two main candidates for the Democratic-Republican nomination. Clay had a favorable opinion of both individuals, but he supported Monroe, who won the nomination and went on to defeat Federalist candidate

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against Britain, complying with a request from President Madison. Madison signed the declaration of war on June 18, 1812, beginning the War of 1812. During the war, Clay frequently communicated with Secretary of State

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who wanted to end slavery and slaveholders who wanted to deport free blacks. Clay's support for colonization reflected his belief that a multiracial society was ultimately unworkable, both for whites and free blacks.

13527: 3401:. It is unclear whether the state legislature or Clay himself knew that he did not meet the Senate's age requirement at the time, though he did know of the issue later in his career. Such an age qualification issue 2770:, had been enacted. Though contemporaries credited Fillmore, Douglas, and Webster for their role in passing the Compromise of 1850, Clay was widely regarded as the key figure in ending a major sectional crisis. 1397:

successfully defended Burr without a fee in 1807. Thomas Jefferson later convinced Clay that Burr had been guilty of the charges. Clay's legal practice was light after his election to Congress. In the 1823 case

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Following the end of the Nullification Crisis in March 1833, Jackson renewed his offensive against the national bank, despite some opposition from within his own Cabinet. Jackson and Secretary of the Treasury

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The removal of deposits helped unite Jackson's opponents into one party for the first time, as National Republicans, Calhounites, former Democrats, and members of the Anti-Masonic Party coalesced into the

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After Clay returned to Kentucky in 1807, he was elected as the speaker of the state house of representatives. That same year, in response to attacks on American shipping by Britain and France during the

1264:. When a young child, Theodore was injured by a blow to his head that fractured his skull. As he grew older his condition devolved into insanity, and from 1831 until his death in 1870 he was confined to 3498:. Afterwards Clay had to be physically removed from the hotel room. Scott then sent Crittenden to Clay with Scott's challenge for a duel, but Crittenden reconciled them by convincing Clay to apologize. 1133:

The British raided Clay's home shortly after the death of his father, leaving the family in a precarious economic position. However, the widow Elizabeth Clay married Captain Henry Watkins, a successful

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approached, many expected that the Whigs would win control of the presidency due to the ongoing economic crisis. Clay initially viewed Webster as his strongest rival, but Clay, Harrison, and General

3494:. When the group received word of Harrison's victory, Clay blamed his loss on Scott and struck him, with the blow landing on the shoulder which had been wounded during Scott's participation in the 20392: 9239: 9211: 3197:, and John C. Calhoun. Noting Clay's influence over the United States in the last three decades of his life, biographer James Klotter writes that "perhaps posterity should no longer call it the 2951:

In 1844, Clay's wife discovered that he was having relations with the "yellow girl that attended his poultry and fowls." The young woman and her children were then sent to Louisiana to be sold.

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In December 1851, at the age of 74, with his health declining, Clay announced that he would resign from the Senate the following September. Clay never recovered from his illnesses, and died of

1622: 1252:(1821). By 1835, all six daughters had died of varying causes, two when very young, two as children, and the last two as young mothers. Henry Jr. was killed while commanding a regiment at the 1873:

beginning in 1810. Clay frequently called on the Monroe administration to recognize the fledgling Latin American republics, but Monroe feared that doing so would derail his plans to acquire

994:, Clay won election to the Kentucky state legislature in 1803 and to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1810. He was chosen as Speaker of the House in early 1811 and, along with President 2337:." Because federal law required the president to deposit federal revenue in the national bank so long as it was financially stable, many regarded Jackson's actions as illegal, and Clay led 3520:

Some writers have come to the conclusion that Clay and Van Buren had reached an agreement to jointly oppose annexation, but Klotter writes that "no real evidence" supports this conclusion.

2191:

in a 73 to 64 vote of the Kentucky legislature. His return to the Senate after 20 years, 8 months, 7 days out of office, marks the fourth-longest gap in service to the chamber in history.

1762:, which would have provided a fund for internal improvements, but Madison vetoed the bill on constitutional concerns. Beginning in 1818, Clay advocated for an economic plan known as the " 2055:

Adams proposed an ambitious domestic program based in large part on Clay's American System, but Clay warned the president that many of his proposals held little chance of passage in the

20457: 20452: 20447: 20442: 20437: 3052: 1691:

Clay left the country on February 25, but negotiations with the British did not begin until August 1814. Clay was part of a team of five commissioners that included Treasury Secretary

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After the second veto, congressional Whigs voted to expel Tyler from the party, and on Clay's request, every Cabinet member except for Webster, who wanted to continue negotiating the

1118:

minister nicknamed "Sir John", died in 1781, leaving Henry and his brothers two slaves each; he also left his wife 18 slaves and 464 acres (188 ha) of land. Clay was of entirely

2630:

After the 1844 election, Clay returned to his career as an attorney. Though he was no longer a member of Congress, he remained closely interested in national politics. In 1846, the

1489:, which would become a consistent theme throughout his public career. Clay's influence in Kentucky state politics was such that in 1806 the Kentucky legislature elected him to the 8243: 2862:

Clay inherited slaves as a young child, and he continued to own slaves throughout his life. However, in the 1790s, he adopted antislavery views under the influence of his mentor,

20397: 10102: 3093:, Clay's successor as secretary of state. The case embarrassed Clay politically and personally, but he ultimately prevailed in court. After winning the case, Clay sent Dupuy to 2095:

were unable to create an equally powerful organization headed by the president. In the 1828 election, Jackson took 56% of the popular vote and won almost every state outside of

2533:

President Tyler's break with the Whig Party, combined with Webster's continuing affiliation with Tyler, positioned Clay as the leading contender for the Whig nomination in the

1969:

By 1824, with Crawford still in the race, Clay concluded that no candidate would win a majority of electoral votes; in that scenario, the House of Representatives would hold a

1605:

Between 1810 and 1824, Clay was elected to seven terms in the House. His tenure was interrupted from 1814 to 1815 when he was a commissioner to peace talks with the British in

1114:. He was the seventh of nine children born to the Reverend John Clay and Elizabeth (née Hudson) Clay. Almost all of Henry's older siblings died before adulthood. His father, a 1038:

held to select the president. President Adams then appointed Clay to the prestigious position of secretary of state; as a result, critics alleged that the two had agreed to a "

20432: 19654: 19360: 19036: 11128: 10831: 10146: 10113: 2482:

President-elect Harrison asked Clay to serve another term as Secretary of State, but Clay chose to remain in Congress. Webster was instead chosen as Secretary of State, while

1579: 3055:

The Hayden household sheltered hundreds of blacks seeking freedom; it was said they "harbored 75 percent of all slaves passing through Boston". Following the passage of the

2948:. Klotter also states that there is no evidence that Clay ever had sex with any of his slaves. Other sources state quite the contrary of his punitive and sexual practices. 13081: 11499: 2944:

concludes that Clay took actions, such as keeping families together, to mitigate the harshness of slavery. However, showing the opposite is his treatment of the family of

2845:

Throughout most of his political life, Clay promoted his American System as both an economic program and a means for unifying the country. Clay's American System rejected

1240:

Clay and Lucretia had eleven children (six daughters and five sons): Henrietta (born in 1800), Theodore (1802), Thomas (1803), Susan (1805), Anne (1807), Lucretia (1809),

1766:," which encompassed many of the economic measures, including protective tariffs and infrastructure investments, that he helped pass in the aftermath of the War of 1812. 20467: 13765: 1272:

into a debt of $ 60,000 (approximately $ 1.5 million today) while gambling with the same man, who then asked for the $ 500 back and waived the rest of the debt.

20472: 20462: 20387: 20427: 2940:, believed that Clay's home state of Kentucky had the laws most permissive to slaves of any slave state. Clay considered himself to be a "good" master. Biographer 2016:

developed a strong working relationship. Adams and Clay were both wary of forming entangling alliances with the emerging states, and they continued to uphold the

1858:

would be admitted as a free state, and slavery would be forbidden in the territories north of 36° 30' parallel. Clay helped assemble a coalition that passed the

2443:

South from Whigs who distrusted his moderate stance on slavery. Clay won a plurality on the first ballot of the Whig National Convention, but, with the help of

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Even with Clay out of office, President Jackson continued to see Clay as one of his major rivals, and Jackson at one point suspected Clay of being behind the

20477: 12718: 12113: 11897: 9337: 9111: 9084: 9057: 1587: 1366:. Having already passed the Virginia Bar, Clay quickly received a Kentucky license to practice law. After apprenticing himself to Kentucky attorneys such as 937: 873: 272: 10826: 1485:, and he helped defeat Grundy's effort to revoke the banking privileges of the state-owned Kentucky Insurance Company. He advocated for the construction of 20512: 12469: 8507: 2221:

With the defeat of Adams, Clay became the de facto leader of the National Republicans, and he began making preparations for a presidential campaign in the

1102:, which postponed a crisis over the status of slavery in the territories. Clay was one of the most important and influential political figures of his era. 4200: 2662:, but Taylor won the presidential nomination on the fourth ballot. Partially in an attempt to please the Clay wing of the party, the convention nominated 20542: 18086: 17916: 17775: 17616: 17475: 17307: 17108: 16940: 16772: 16602: 16443: 16284: 16088: 15890: 15731: 15564: 15397: 15238: 15084: 14912: 14765: 14647: 14524: 14419: 11509: 9020: 8987: 8954: 8921: 8767: 3354:"He loved his country partly because it was his own country, but mostly because it was a free country." — Lincoln's Eulogy for Henry Clay – July 6, 1852 3089:. Dupuy's attorney gained an order from the court for her to remain in Washington until the case was settled, and she worked for wages for 18 months for 2507:, which restored the protective rates of the Tariff of 1832 but ended the distribution policy that had been established with the Preemption Act of 1841. 1974: 1477:. Clay clashed with legislators who sought to reduce the power of Clay's Bluegrass region, and he unsuccessfully advocated moving the state capitol from 2233:, but these policies also earned Jackson various enemies, including Vice President John C. Calhoun. However, Clay rejected overtures from the fledgling 13493: 11166: 10139: 3507:

According to local tradition, the famous "Raleigh Letter" of April 17, 1844 was written under the shade of a large white oak which became known as the

2020:, which called for European non-intervention in former colonies. Clay was rebuffed in his efforts to reach a commercial treaty and a settlement of the 1301: 2553:

for countless ballots, until Van Buren withdrew, making place for an unexpected compromise candidate: The party nominated former Speaker of the House

19384: 19060: 18933: 18861: 18520: 18516: 18512: 18472: 18217: 13510: 13098: 13090: 10855: 10602: 1030:. Clay finished with the fourth-most electoral votes in the multi-candidate 1824-1825 presidential election and used his position as speaker to help 7306: 3118:

Clay's Whig Party collapsed four years after his death, but Clay cast a long shadow over the generation of political leaders that presided over the

1885:

Indians. Though Jackson was following Monroe's implied wishes in entering Florida, he created additional controversy in seizing the Spanish town of

20562: 20552: 20537: 19585: 13074: 11492: 8427:, 1797–1852. Edited by James Hopkins, Mary Hargreaves, Robert Seager II, Melba Porter Hay et al. 11 vols. University Press of Kentucky, 1959–1992. 1610: 14302: 8428: 3059:, Harriet Hayden managed and operated Boston's main Underground Railroad operations, and was key to leading people through Boston's tunnel system. 1750:, which served the dual purpose of raising revenue and protecting American manufacturing. To stabilize the currency, Clay and Treasury Secretary 1582:

produced many young, anti-British members of Congress who, like Clay, supported going to war with Great Britain. Buoyed by the support of fellow

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with Britain, and was also unsuccessful in his attempts to make the French pay for damages arising from attacks on American shipping during the

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The Clay–Randolph rivalry eventually escalated into a duel in 1826, the second of two duels fought by Clay, and ended with both parties unhurt.

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after arranging for Crittenden to succeed him. Though he vetoed other Whig bills, Tyler did sign some Whig priorities into law, including the

20362: 19692: 10132: 3398: 1808:

to choose their presidential nominees, giving congressmen a powerful role in the presidential selection process. Monroe and Secretary of War

20527: 19954: 19659: 19365: 19041: 18728: 18029: 17888: 17729: 17588: 17447: 17261: 17080: 16912: 16744: 16574: 16415: 16256: 16060: 15862: 15703: 15536: 15351: 15210: 15038: 14842: 14737: 14601: 14496: 14362: 12595: 11133: 10836: 10155: 8732: 8690: 8656: 8622: 2290: 2238: 2204: 1006:, which brought an end to the War of 1812, and then after the war, Clay returned to his position as Speaker of the House and developed the 7075: 2976:

When he was in Washington, she resided with Clay in his Washington home and bore him two children. After he emancipated her, she moved to

20492: 20382: 20377: 18492: 18432: 13067: 11485: 10171: 9328: 8707: 4425: 3469:; Jackson and Clay were both Freemasons. Though he not been active Freemason since 1824, Clay refused to openly condemn the organization. 1517:. In support of Jefferson's policy, which limited trade with foreign powers, Clay introduced a resolution to require legislators to wear 908: 7332: 20482: 20417: 20412: 18788: 18718: 18678: 18668: 18658: 18530: 18442: 13607: 12515: 3128: 1935:

Clay helped Adams win the 1825 contingent House election after Clay failed to finish among the three electoral vote-winners. States in

2549:, but a minority of expansionist Southern Democrats, encouraged by Tyler's alternative outline, blocked Van Buren's nomination at the 18708: 18452: 14373: 14324: 13751: 12364: 11890: 11176: 10408: 9278: 9248: 9220: 9172: 8795: 1561:. After serving in the Senate for one year, Clay decided that he disliked the rules of the Senate and instead sought election to the 1371: 1181: 1160: 1218:. Henry and Lucretia would remain married until his death in 1852; she lived until 1864, dying at the age of 83. Both are buried at 20532: 19920: 19416: 19412: 19408: 19132: 19092: 19088: 19084: 18893: 18889: 18885: 18648: 18638: 18634: 18624: 18620: 18610: 18600: 18590: 18570: 18560: 18550: 18540: 18502: 18482: 18462: 18422: 18412: 18402: 18392: 18382: 18372: 18362: 18352: 18342: 18338: 18334: 18324: 18314: 18304: 18294: 18284: 18280: 18270: 18260: 12608: 12582: 12462: 12068: 12055: 12042: 12029: 12016: 12003: 11990: 11977: 10887: 10883: 10879: 10634: 10630: 10626: 9025: 8992: 8959: 8926: 7195: 2655: 2594: 2534: 2516: 2428: 2374: 2222: 2208: 1990: 1926: 1801: 1474: 1091: 1066: 1047: 953: 949: 945: 818: 813: 808: 536: 529: 484: 437: 20090: 19839: 2460:

as an opportunity for the Whig Party to establish itself as the dominant political party by leading the country out of recession.

2087:. Though Clay was not directly involved in these attacks, his failure to denounce them earned him the lifelong enmity of Jackson. 1442:, but he clashed with state party leaders over a state constitutional convention. Using the pseudonym "Scaevola" (in reference to 19329: 18832: 18798: 18698: 17596: 17455: 17283: 15660: 15613: 15484: 14997: 13660: 13023: 12821: 12246: 10226: 9002: 1676: 473: 11967: 8513: 7982:

Heirs of the Founders: The Epic Rivalry of Henry Clay, John Calhoun and Daniel Webster, the Second Generation of American Giants

6914: 20557: 20502: 19932: 18778: 18768: 18688: 18061: 11159: 10473: 8904: 8749: 1562: 933: 386: 147: 6487:

Streets of Washington: Stories and images of historic Washington, D.C. website. November 24, 2009. Retrieved October 20, 2018.

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Swift, Elaine K. "The start of something new: Clay, Stevenson, Polk, and the development of the speakership, 1789–1869." in

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Many monuments, memorials, and even high schools have been erected and named in honor of Clay. Sixteen counties, one each in

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pursued a policy of removing all federal deposits from the national bank and placing them in state-chartered banks known as "

1530: 1355: 135: 11865: 11467: 7050:"Black refugees in Canada : accounts of escape during the era of slavery · Notable Kentucky African Americans Database" 1529:, an "aristocratic lawyer who possessed a sarcastic tongue," voted against it. In early 1809, Clay challenged Marshall to a 1180:, with the understanding that Brooke would finish Clay's legal studies. After completing his studies under Brooke, Clay was 20215: 17795: 17522: 16846: 15113: 14941: 14803: 14705: 12520: 11883: 6032: 2469: 2377:, and the Whigs were too disorganized to nominate a single candidate. Three Whig candidates ran against Van Buren: General 2301:, which would authorize the president to send federal soldiers against South Carolina if it sought to nullify federal law. 1447: 3888: 1553:, which was controlled by Spain. On the insistence of the Kentucky legislature, Clay helped prevent the re-charter of the 1493:. During his two-month tenure in the Senate, Clay advocated for the construction of various bridges and canals, including 19720: 19670: 19511: 19282: 19240: 19108: 18985: 18738: 18580: 18209: 15997: 14876: 13723: 12974: 12455: 12393: 10246: 10191: 3346: 3210: 3001: 2574: 2561:

Clay was surprised by Van Buren's defeat but remained confident of his chances in the 1844 election. Polk was the first "

2550: 1466: 1127: 18748: 18189: 16978: 16864: 15455: 15330: 11530: 11237: 11212: 10398: 8805: 8370: 8351: 8325: 8282: 8259: 8201: 8046: 8027: 8008: 7989: 7970: 7951: 7930: 7911: 7812: 7791: 7768: 7749: 7670: 7630: 6838: 6552: 5812: 5330: 3483: 3136: 1405: 1207: 964:. For his role in defusing sectional crises, he earned the appellation of the "Great Compromiser" and was part of the " 19808: 1126:

became a well-known political family including three other US senators, numerous state politicians, and Clay's cousin

19685: 16304: 16110: 15939: 15140: 14970: 12537: 12503: 11152: 9035: 7870: 7822:

Strahan, Randall; Moscardelli, Vincent G.; Moshe, Haspel; Wike, Richard S. (2000). "The Clay Speakership Revisited".

7689: 7649: 7607: 7400: 7028: 3330: 2889: 2791: 2566: 2230: 1462: 1265: 1177: 1167:, and judge on Virginia's High Court of Chancery. Hampered by a crippled hand, Wythe chose Clay as his secretary and 426: 11477: 7003: 6863: 2354:. The term "Whig" originated from a speech Clay delivered in 1834, in which he compared opponents of Jackson to the 1458:

included the direct election of public officials, but the state did not adopt Clay's plan for gradual emancipation.

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Paulus, Sarah Bischoff (2014). "America's Long Eulogy for Compromise: Henry Clay and American Politics, 1854–58".

8125:

Morgan, William G. "John Quincy Adams Versus Andrew Jackson: Their Biographers And The 'Corrupt Bargain' Charge."

1985:

post. Jackson was outraged by the election, and he and his supporters accused Clay and Adams of having reached a "

19300: 17336: 17164: 17041: 17032: 14745: 14623: 14515: 13712: 13037: 12939: 12547: 12542: 12493: 12419: 12382: 12321: 12266: 12024: 12011: 11615: 11066: 10423: 9321: 8665: 8639: 3377: 2963: 2840: 2355: 2021: 2010: 1805: 1800:, President Madison decided to retire after two terms, leaving open the Democratic-Republican nomination for the 1763: 1751: 1731: 1554: 1470: 1203: 1019: 1007: 901: 826: 264: 7137: 2742:

by Texas of some of its northern and western territorial claims in return for debt relief, the establishment of

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took charge of pro-compromise forces. By the end of September 1850, Clay's proposal, which became known as the

2680: 2394: 2294: 1866: 1526: 1494: 1451: 8210:

Petriello, David. "Consumption and Compromise: Illness and Its Impact on the Political Career of Henry Clay."

6890:"Lewis and Harriet Hayden House – Boston African American National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)" 6718:(First hardcover ed.). New York London Sydney Toronto New Delhi: Simon & Schuster. pp. 194–195. 2654:, who commanded the American forces at Buena Vista, had emerged as a contender for the Whig nomination in the 2075:. Both campaigns spread untrue stories about the opposing candidates. Adams' followers denounced Jackson as a 1098:

who went on to win the election. After returning to the Senate in 1849, Clay played a key role in passing the

20082: 19737: 19432: 19376: 19194: 19052: 18909: 18853: 15930: 15832: 15769: 15631: 15513: 14317: 13921: 13167: 12700: 12687: 12674: 12661: 12648: 12401: 12217: 10847: 10594: 10356: 8886: 8820: 7422: 2996:. In about 1836 Clay had an enslaved mother, Esther Harvey, and her son, sold South. They were the family of 2885: 2803: 2750:

territories, a ban on the importation of slaves into the District of Columbia for sale, and a more stringent

2659: 2608: 2598: 2546: 2520: 2436: 2412: 1743: 1070: 20293: 20517: 20110: 19678: 17954: 17531: 14988: 13616: 13043: 12763: 12182: 10528: 8936: 3037: 2983: 2676: 2453: 2342: 2123: 1982: 1851: 1473:

districts, which ensured that all of Kentucky's presidential electors voted for President Jefferson in the

1367: 1152: 1023: 684: 673: 11144: 8542: 3402: 1594:. At 34, he was the youngest person to become speaker, a distinction he held until 1839, when 30-year-old 20487: 19269: 18276: 18106: 18021: 17981: 17880: 17721: 17580: 17439: 17253: 17072: 16904: 16736: 16566: 16407: 16248: 16052: 15912: 15854: 15751: 15695: 15595: 15528: 15495: 15446: 15343: 15321: 15202: 15030: 14834: 14729: 14593: 14488: 12728: 12159: 11947: 11906: 10644: 9482: 9452: 9274: 9162: 9094: 8500: 3334: 3275: 3160: 2888:, a group that wanted to establish a colony for free American blacks in Africa. The group was made up of 2705: 2688: 2684: 2640: 2590: 2477: 2457: 2402: 2398: 2254:

asked for renewal in 1831, hoping that election year pressure and support from Secretary of the Treasury

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Clay entered politics shortly after arriving in Kentucky. In his first political speech, he attacked the

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The kidnapped and the ransomed : the narrative of Peter and Vina Still after forty years of slavery

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Zarefsky, David (2003). "Henry Clay and the Election of 1844: the Limits of a Rhetoric of Compromise".

8293:

The Mentelles: Mary Todd Lincoln, Henry Clay, and the Immigrant Family Who Educated Antebellum Kentucky

4510:. Washington, D.C.: The Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives 4472:. Washington, D.C.: The Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives 3427: 3338: 3291: 3056: 2967: 2351: 2323: 1775: 1617:, and from 1821 to 1823, when he left Congress to rebuild his family's fortune in the aftermath of the 1421: 1144: 961: 894: 836: 792: 616: 12557: 8215: 1042:". Despite receiving support from Clay and other National Republicans, Adams was defeated by Democrat 20507: 19611: 16678: 16544: 16490: 16394: 16340: 16184: 15312: 13996: 13991: 13593: 13585: 13202: 12478: 12413: 12272: 11917: 11570: 11565: 11217: 10964: 10656: 9208: 3495: 3279: 3220: 2338: 2319: 2183:; transportation advocates hoped that later extensions would eventually connect the National Road to 2068: 2064: 1625:, Clay's cumulative tenure in office of 10 years, 196 days, is the second-longest, surpassed only by 957: 924:(April 12, 1777 – June 29, 1852) was an American lawyer and statesman who represented 611: 3998: 1598:

took office. He was also the first of only two new members elected speaker to date, the other being

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America's Great Debate: Henry Clay, Stephen A. Douglas, and the Compromise That Preserved the Union

3368:- Member of the prominent Hart family of Kentucky. Lucretia Hart Clay's brother & Henry Clay's 3322: 3303: 3263: 2921: 2754:. Though it faced opposition from Southern extremists like Calhoun and Northern abolitionists like 2631: 2624: 2495: 2473: 2251: 1672: 1638: 1455: 1257: 1111: 1087: 983: 567: 205: 8438: 6751: 6497: 4398: 3529:

Clay received a significant share of the presidential electoral vote in three separate elections,

2028:. He had more success in negotiating commercial treaties with Latin American republics, reaching " 1910: 771: 20105: 17408: 16164: 16017: 15778: 15640: 15417: 15285: 14261: 14001: 13876: 13000: 12746: 12708: 12333: 11402: 10563: 10296: 9715: 9565: 9012: 6484: 3414: 3406: 1696: 1431: 1359: 414: 9306: 7642:

The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War

3465:

Though it adopted other policy issues, the Anti-Masonic Party strongly opposed the influence of

3097:, causing her to be away from her own family, but he later freed Dupuy and two of her children. 1231: 20403:

Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky

20283: 20246: 20146: 19980: 19537: 19273: 19220: 19173: 18927: 18508: 18468: 18358: 17363: 17202: 16783: 16613: 16454: 16295: 16119: 16068: 15950: 15870: 15787: 15711: 15544: 15373: 15267: 15104: 14932: 14794: 14687: 14571: 14337: 14246: 14176: 14091: 13342: 12669: 12652: 12612: 12370: 12229: 11932: 11605: 10949: 10211: 9229: 6544: 3962: 3943: 3558: 3410: 3283: 3259: 3194: 2846: 2500: 2416: 2378: 2188: 1721: 1059: 4440: 20408:

National Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky

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Portteus, Kevin J. "'My Beau Ideal of a Statesman': Abraham Lincoln's Eulogy on Henry Clay."

7340: 3870: 3586: 3550: 3271: 3267: 3255: 3243: 3182: 3132: 2636: 1826: 1486: 1443: 1363: 1253: 1039: 1011: 859: 365: 8519: 5802: 1288: 20367: 20357: 20352: 19869: 19633: 18546: 18144: 17972: 17936: 17804: 17399: 17238: 16687: 16553: 16472: 16322: 16146: 16137: 15988: 15979: 15841: 15814: 14226: 14136: 14116: 14061: 13951: 13447: 13357: 13108: 12988: 12951: 12908: 12123: 11937: 11770: 11590: 11287: 11277: 10715: 10508: 10488: 10236: 9855: 9835: 9765: 9745: 9725: 9705: 9372: 9352: 8606: 8523: 6780:(EPUB ed.). Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press. pp. 149–150, 310. 3431: 3373: 3365: 3326: 3247: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3029: 2743: 2286: 2271: 2163:, a controversy involving the wives of his Cabinet members. Clay strongly opposed the 1830 2112: 2048: 2029: 1719:

included relatively favorable terms for the United States, essentially re-establishing the

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presidential election defeat, and some began referring to him as the "Great Compromiser."

1260:. Clay's oldest son, Theodore Wythe Clay, spent the second half of his life confined to a 8: 20347: 20274: 20115: 19993: 19821: 18536: 18428: 18320: 18171: 18040: 17945: 17896: 17858: 17751: 17681: 17318: 17128: 16987: 16873: 16376: 16026: 14241: 14211: 14121: 14096: 14036: 13976: 13926: 13911: 12859: 12734: 12532: 12327: 12278: 12090: 11267: 11262: 11257: 10772: 10361: 10346: 10341: 10331: 10326: 10301: 10231: 9815: 9795: 9645: 9525: 9182: 8946: 8741: 4503: 3782: 3318: 3299: 3251: 3224: 3033: 3005: 2751: 2363: 2176: 2172: 2108: 1970: 1890: 1859: 1842: 1838: 1809: 1595: 1518: 1514: 1478: 1317: 1199: 1062:

created the Whig Party, and through the years, Clay became a leading congressional Whig.

1035: 1027: 987: 760: 7518: 3004:. In about 1842, Hayden was threatened, also by Clay, with the sale of his second wife, 2643:, in which Mexico ceded hundreds of thousands of square miles of territory known as the 1058:. During Jackson's second term, opponents of the president including Clay, Webster, and 20048: 18630: 18418: 18126: 18008: 17740: 17607: 17466: 17293: 17182: 17099: 16931: 16763: 16175: 16037: 15959: 15796: 15229: 14979: 14448: 14171: 13971: 13826: 13811: 13731: 13693: 13464: 13452: 13397: 13387: 13262: 12982: 12963: 12945: 12914: 12890: 12752: 12510: 12447: 12431: 12309: 12260: 12063: 12050: 11927: 11610: 11342: 11312: 11187: 11048: 10513: 10503: 10483: 10458: 10286: 10276: 10251: 10221: 10206: 10124: 9775: 9735: 9615: 9605: 9595: 9545: 8715: 8703: 8575: 8405: 8397: 8271: 8171: 8163: 8140: 8104: 7847: 7839: 7780: 7738: 7724: 7716: 7699:

Klotter, James (Autumn 2012). "Kentucky, The Civil War, and the Spirit of Henry Clay".

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Partly due to grief over the death of his daughter, Anne, Clay chose not to run in the

2234: 2226: 2167:, which authorized the administration to relocate Native Americans to land west of the 2164: 2033: 1963: 1886: 1759: 1738:

domestic manufacturing, and spending increases for the army and navy. With the help of

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emporium, with the promise that Clay would receive the next available clerkship at the

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Presentation by James Klotter on the life and career of Henry Clay, February 11, 2011

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Clay (brown) won the backing of several state delegations on the first ballot of the

2382: 2367: 2359: 2168: 1797: 1735: 1704: 1558: 1375: 1119: 1083: 1031: 965: 846: 461: 295: 88: 76: 8572:, housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center 8060: 7941: 7860: 7275: 6816:. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 133, 152, 241, 243. 2962:. Phoebe Moore, age 16, was purchased by Henry Clay from his wife's cousin, Senator 1818:

in the House Chamber and subsequently did not attend Monroe's outdoor inauguration.

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housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center

8560:

housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center

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would convince Jackson to allow the re-charter. Biddle's application set off the "

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The Whigs' America: Middle-Class Political Thought in the Age of Jackson and Clay

7802: 7367:"A bracket to determine the most influential American who never became president" 7344: 7049: 6942:

The Underground Railroad : an encyclopedia of people, places, and operations

5798: 3178: 3140: 3078: 3021: 3017: 2937: 2709: 2644: 2570: 2025: 2017: 1986: 1902: 1874: 1847: 1739: 1716: 1692: 1510: 1400: 1390: 1379: 1329: 1003: 976: 841: 8563: 8318:

Leading Representatives: The Agency of Leaders in the Politics of the U.S. House

8273:

At the Edge of the Precipice: Henry Clay and the Compromise That Saved the Union

8135:

Patrick, Andrew P. "Hemp & Henry Clay: Binding the Bluegrass to the World."

8115:

Morgan, William G. "Henry Clay's Biographers and the 'Corrupt Bargain' Charge."

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Regarding keeping families together, Clay applied the opposite to the family of

2809:

Clay's headstone reads: "I know no North—no South—no East—no West". Hymn writer

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Henry Clay Center – "transforming the tone of our country’s national discourse"

3561:, with only the latter (like Clay) failing to ever win a presidential election. 3542: 3508: 3369: 3311: 3295: 3198: 3186: 3174: 3123: 2755: 2747: 2739: 2651: 2612: 2504: 2432: 2306: 2281: 2277: 2092: 2080: 1959: 1913:, in which the U.S. purchased Florida and delineated its western boundary with 1878: 1747: 1685: 1502: 1498: 1325: 1241: 1095: 1055: 1043: 969: 655: 377: 330: 229: 19406: 19082: 18883: 11875: 10877: 10624: 8363:

Andrew Jackson vs. Henry Clay: Democracy and Development in Antebellum America

7549: 7528: 6839:"With stories of the enslaved, Ashland brings 'new truth' to Henry Clay story" 6795: 2607:

Clay (brown) won the backing of numerous delegates on the first ballot of the

1446:), Clay advocated for direct elections for Kentucky elected officials and the 1198:

On April 11, 1799, Clay married Lucretia Hart (1781–1864) at the Hart home in

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List of international trips made by secretaries of state of the United States

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The gospel of freedom : Black evangelicals and the Underground Railroad

2171:. Another key point of contention between Clay and Jackson was the proposed 1345: 20100: 19803: 19772: 19628: 19323: 18794: 18694: 18556: 17999: 17963: 17645: 17540: 17513: 17426: 17417: 17381: 17220: 16951: 16819: 16696: 16211: 15722: 15555: 15475: 15383: 15258: 15218: 15169: 15095: 15060: 14923: 14898: 14785: 14667: 14658: 14553: 14535: 14439: 14266: 14251: 14221: 14191: 14151: 14131: 14111: 14106: 13981: 13901: 13881: 13836: 13821: 13668: 13476: 13392: 13372: 13332: 13312: 13197: 13172: 13031: 12835: 12829: 12590: 12498: 12315: 12223: 12059: 12046: 11850: 11835: 11780: 11750: 11740: 11685: 11675: 11412: 11407: 11392: 11352: 11292: 11282: 11272: 11227: 11174: 11099: 10573: 10443: 10433: 10011: 9975: 9955: 9945: 9155: 8837: 8787: 8589: 8461: 8212:

Journal of the Southern Association for the History of Medicine and Science

6775: 4426:"The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative" 3082: 2997: 2993: 2945: 2909: 2866: 2810: 2799: 2787: 2444: 2255: 1958:

Democratic-Republican Party, including Clay. Having led the passage of the

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Bowman, Shearer Davis (2008). "Comparing Henry Clay and Abraham Lincoln".

6864:"Passing the word on Henry Clay and the slave labor camp known as Ashland" 2698: 20301: 20225: 19943: 19926: 18774: 18764: 18684: 17813: 16358: 16202: 15575: 15249: 14776: 14696: 14256: 14161: 14081: 13841: 13796: 13546: 13442: 13422: 11810: 11800: 11730: 11447: 10578: 10568: 10316: 9885: 9865: 9845: 9825: 9755: 9575: 8303: 6940: 6642: 3487: 3466: 3101:

freed at the time of Clay's death, but became freed after the Civil War.

3094: 3041: 2959: 2758:, Clay's proposal won the backing of many Southern and Northern leaders. 2330: 2184: 2096: 1931: 1712: 1626: 1614: 1549:" who favored expansionist policies. He also advocated the annexation of 1193: 1172: 1123: 999: 750: 739: 8401: 8167: 8108: 8095:

Meyer, Jeff (2002). "Henry Clay's Legacy to Horse Breeding and Racing".

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Goodrich, Carter (1950). "The Revulsion Against Internal Improvements".

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During the balloting, Clay and Scott played cards with Whig politicians

1641:, a member of the Democratic-Republican Party but also a member of the " 867: 20095: 19970: 19960: 19529: 19168: 18942: 18754: 18596: 18388: 18300: 18266: 16705: 16517: 15178: 14394: 14216: 14006: 13786: 13522: 13327: 13247: 12656: 12643: 12625: 11998: 11985: 11855: 11840: 11830: 11540: 11437: 11427: 11417: 11347: 10413: 9905: 8615: 8130: 8120: 8020:

A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico

7843: 7557: 6013: 5755: 5103: 3534: 2870: 2735: 2562: 2525: 2449: 2298: 2293:, which strongly denied the right of states to nullify federal laws or 2213: 1814: 1522: 1386: 1168: 1074: 252: 20568:

Members of the United States House of Representatives who owned slaves

18241:

Unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States

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The Family Legacy of Henry Clay: In the Shadow of a Kentucky Patriarch

3139:

during the Civil War, reflecting in part Clay's continuing influence.

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through the assistance of John Mifflin, AME minister and resident of

2334: 2246: 2076: 1914: 1435: 1300:

They initially lived in Lexington, but in 1804 they began building a

7835: 4883: 4881: 2619: 2039: 1993:, with the Corrupt Bargain accusation becoming their central issue. 1130:, a prominent anti-slavery activist active in the mid-19th century. 19965: 18734: 18576: 14333: 13966: 13322: 13113: 11387: 9805: 8489: 8485: 7076:"(1846) Lewis Richardson, "I am Free From American Slavery" 1846 •" 7004:"Pardons pushed for Kentuckians convicted of helping slaves escape" 6354: 6039:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 559–560. 5130: 5031: 3086: 2955: 2917: 2259: 2200: 1906: 1882: 1834: 1583: 1546: 1122:

descent; his ancestor, John Clay, settled in Virginia in 1613. The

1115: 925: 787: 391: 112: 8299: 7093: 6716:

Master Slave Husband Wife: An Epic Journey from Slavery to Freedom

6378: 6342: 6330: 6270: 6198: 6090: 6066: 5977: 5941: 5917: 5893: 5869: 5833: 5821: 5743: 5695: 5659: 5635: 5440: 5238: 5202: 5115: 5067: 5055: 5043: 4995: 4971: 4935: 4920: 4623: 4621: 4171: 4169: 3704: 3702: 3074:. The text of his speech is available at the following reference. 1171:, a role in which Clay would remain for four years. Clay began to 18744: 9336: 7573:

Graebner, Norman; Herring, George (2009). "Henry Clay, Realist".

6978:"Richardson, Lewis · Notable Kentucky African Americans Database" 6467: 6465: 5493: 5491: 4878: 4866: 4842: 4818: 4770: 4746: 4734: 4710: 4674: 4645: 4484: 3009: 3008:

and her son Joseph who he had adopted. Hayden secured the aid of

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Democratic-Republican Party United States senators from Kentucky

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and yeomen farmers, but each party appealed across class lines.

2140: 2001: 1865:

In foreign policy, Clay was a leading American supporter of the

1850:'s compromise proposal in which Missouri would be admitted as a 1833:

In early 1819, a dispute erupted over the proposed statehood of

1349:

View of Henry Clay's law office (1803–1810), Lexington, Kentucky

1110:

Henry Clay was born on April 12, 1777, at the Clay homestead in

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What Hath God Wrought: the Transformation of America, 1815–1848

6814:

The vice president's Black wife: the untold life of Julia Chinn

5178: 4618: 4594: 4558: 4546: 4354: 4342: 4330: 4294: 4255: 4231: 4166: 4142: 4072: 4060: 3836: 3788: 3752: 3740: 3699: 3164: 3045: 2929: 2084: 1557:, arguing that it interfered with state banks and infringed on 1292: 20423:

National Republican Party United States senators from Kentucky

13773: 6462: 6438: 6366: 6234: 6150: 6138: 5857: 5804:

Agent of Destiny: The Life and Times of General Winfield Scott

5683: 5623: 5488: 5353: 5310: 5166: 5154: 5007: 4908: 4898: 4896: 3889:""Mr. Clay & I got stung": Harriet Martineau in Lexington" 2900:

Some abolitionists did not view this plan favorably. In 1849,

2857: 2194: 1671:

Clay and other war hawks demanded that the British revoke the

8001:

Politics and Statesmanship: Essays on the American Whig Party

5731: 5370: 5368: 4698: 3911: 3687: 3215: 2874: 1855: 1821: 1606: 1438:

with France. Like most Kentuckians, Clay was a member of the

8456: 8066:

Mathias, Frank F. "Henry Clay and His Kentucky Power Base,"

7782:

Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Freedom, 1822–1832

6186: 6078: 5965: 5286: 4570: 4522: 4378: 4306: 4084: 3800: 3663: 2936:

Many of his contemporaries, including anti-slavery activist

2036:, but his efforts were defeated by opponents in the Senate. 1434:, laws passed by Federalists to suppress dissent during the 1289:

Guided tour of Ashland, The Henry Clay Estate, June 22, 2015

1022:. In 1820 he helped bring an end to a sectional crisis over 705: 39: 19840:

Unknown Soldiers for World War II and the Korean War (1958)

7821: 7281: 7213: 7163: 6690: 6666: 6654: 6630: 6606: 6547:: Hendrickson Publishers Marketing, 2013 printing), p. 87, 6450: 6426: 6306: 6294: 6282: 6258: 6246: 6222: 6210: 6174: 6126: 6114: 6102: 6042: 6001: 5989: 5929: 5905: 5881: 5845: 5779: 5767: 5707: 5671: 5647: 5611: 5587: 5551: 5539: 5527: 5476: 5416: 5380: 5298: 5274: 5262: 5226: 5214: 5142: 5091: 5079: 5019: 4983: 4893: 4663:

Richard Archer, "Dissent and peace negotiations at Ghent."

4405:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Libraries 1758:(also known as the national bank). Clay also supported the 1309: 20458:

Candidates in the 1848 United States presidential election

20453:

Candidates in the 1844 United States presidential election

20448:

Candidates in the 1840 United States presidential election

20443:

Candidates in the 1832 United States presidential election

20438:

Candidates in the 1824 United States presidential election

19268: 7258:"'Henry Clay Statesman for the Union' by Robert V. Remini" 7225: 7175: 5365: 4947: 4508:

History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives

4470:

History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives

4036: 4024: 4012: 3923: 3317:, in his honor. Several statues honor Clay, including the 1989:." Pro-Jackson forces immediately began preparing for the 7804:

The Presidencies of Zachary Taylor & Millard Fillmore

7740:

The Presidencies of William Henry Harrison and John Tyler

6594: 6582: 6570: 6558: 6402: 6390: 4959: 4794: 3294:, are named for Clay. Communities named for Clay include 1481:

to Lexington. Clay frequently opposed populist firebrand

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against Great Britain. In 1814, he helped negotiate the

8514:

A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825

7807:. The American Presidency. University Press of Kansas. 7381: 7287: 7237: 6054: 4399:"Paul Ryan Would Be Youngest House Speaker Since 1860s" 2079:, and some Adams-aligned papers accused Jackson's wife 1086:

his top issue. Clay strongly criticized the subsequent

1073:

by Harrison. When Harrison died and his vice president

20398:

Speakers of the United States House of Representatives

13089: 7307:"The 100 Most Influential Figures in American History" 5190: 4272: 4270: 4048: 3641: 3639: 3604: 3040:

of Ohio and Michigan. The Haydens became residents of

2388: 20433:

Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

9112:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

9085:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

9058:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

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the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War.

2782:

Henry Clay monument and mausoleum, Lexington Cemetery

2297:. He asked Congress to pass what became known as the 1358:

raids. Lexington was an established town that hosted

273:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

8508:

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

6318: 6162: 5250: 4439:, the Library of Congress. p. 2. Archived from 4282: 3812: 3397:

When elected by the legislature, Clay was below the

2117: 1648: 1465:. His first legislative initiative was the partisan 11510:

United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

7105: 4267: 4109: 3824: 3636: 2615:

ultimately won the party's presidential nomination.

2569:, who tended to align with the Whig Party, favored 2419:

ultimately won the party's presidential nomination.

1769: 1335: 734: 535: 528: 483: 436: 9298: 8564:Guide to the Henry Clay Memorial Foundation papers 8270: 7779: 7737: 7618: 7595: 7497: 7474: 6915:"The AME Church and Kentucky Underground Railroad" 5807:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 205–206. 3764: 3714: 2635:in 1847 when his son, Henry Clay Jr., died at the 1881:crossed into Spanish Florida to suppress raids by 20468:Speakers of the Kentucky House of Representatives 20081: 8361:Watson, Harry L. (1998). Watson, Harry L. (ed.). 8193:The Great Triumvirate: Webster, Clay, and Calhoun 6856: 3592: 3135:. Though Crittenden's efforts were unsuccessful, 2584: 2529:James K. Polk defeated Clay in the 1844 election. 2423:Van Buren's presidency was affected badly by the 2217:Andrew Jackson defeated Clay in the 1832 election 2091:organization, and Adams' allies such as Clay and 1804:. At the time, the Democratic-Republicans used a 1521:suits rather than those made of imported British 20473:Members of the Kentucky House of Representatives 20463:Whig Party (United States) presidential nominees 20388:John Quincy Adams administration cabinet members 20339: 6498:"Individuals Who Have Lain in State or in Honor" 3403:has occurred with only three other U.S. senators 3028:. They crafted a successful escape plan via the 2704:The United States after the ratification of the 2285:illegal after January 1833. In response to this 20428:Whig Party United States senators from Kentucky 11905: 8097:The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 7701:The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 7575:The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 7572: 7454:The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 5136: 2798:, on June 29, 1852. He was the first person to 1973:to decide the election. Under the terms of the 1090:and sought the Whig presidential nomination in 7617:Heidler, David S.; Heidler, Jeanne T. (2010). 7616: 7099: 6648: 6624: 6471: 6444: 6384: 6372: 6360: 6348: 6336: 6276: 6240: 6204: 6156: 6144: 6096: 6072: 6019: 5983: 5947: 5923: 5899: 5875: 5863: 5839: 5827: 5761: 5749: 5737: 5701: 5689: 5665: 5641: 5629: 5497: 5446: 5359: 5316: 5244: 5208: 5184: 5124: 5109: 5073: 5061: 5049: 5013: 5001: 4977: 4941: 4929: 4914: 4887: 4872: 4848: 4824: 4776: 4752: 4740: 4716: 4704: 4680: 4651: 4639: 4627: 4600: 4576: 4564: 4552: 4528: 4490: 4384: 4360: 4348: 4336: 4312: 4300: 4261: 4237: 4175: 4148: 4090: 4078: 4066: 3917: 3842: 3806: 3794: 3758: 3746: 3708: 3693: 3669: 2726:The United States after the Compromise of 1850 2671:Taylor and Fillmore administrations, 1849–1852 2313: 2067:. Followers of Adams began to call themselves 1513:, President Jefferson arranged passage of the 19686: 19392: 19068: 18869: 18225: 14318: 13759: 13601: 13075: 12463: 11891: 11493: 11160: 10863: 10610: 10140: 9338:Speakers of the U.S. House of Representatives 9322: 8733:United States Senator (Class 3) from Kentucky 8691:United States Senator (Class 3) from Kentucky 8657:United States Senator (Class 2) from Kentucky 8623:United States Senator (Class 3) from Kentucky 3734:"Henry Clay and the art of American politics" 3583:Presidents from Adams Through Polk, 1825–1849 2510: 2464:Harrison and Tyler administrations, 1841–1845 1920: 1378:and Robert Todd, the future father-in-law of 944:. He unsuccessfully ran for president in the 902: 20478:People of the American colonization movement 8594: 7111: 6773: 3456:of Massachusetts prior to gaining statehood. 2813:penned this line of lament on Clay's death: 2291:Proclamation to the People of South Carolina 2205:1831 National Republican National Convention 1754:arranged passage of a bill establishing the 1637:, who deferred to Congress in most matters. 20513:Members of the American Antiquarian Society 8137:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 8117:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 8068:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 7500:Henry Clay and the Art of American Politics 2916:materials through the mail and opposed the 2858:Practices as an enslaver and the Dupuy case 2435:emerged as the principal candidates at the 2195:Bank War and the 1832 presidential election 160:November 10, 1831 – March 31, 1842 20543:Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees 19905:Unknown Soldier for the Vietnam War (1984) 19693: 19679: 19399: 19385: 19075: 19061: 18876: 18862: 18838: 18828: 18232: 18218: 14325: 14311: 13766: 13752: 13608: 13594: 13082: 13068: 12470: 12456: 11898: 11884: 11500: 11486: 11167: 11153: 10870: 10856: 10617: 10603: 10147: 10133: 10108: 9329: 9315: 8558:Guide to the Henry Clay Letters, 1801–1843 8240:Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 8057:Henry Clay: The Man Who Would Be President 7858: 7682:Henry Clay: The Man Who Would Be President 7593: 7255: 7196:"The Day Henry Clay Refused to Compromise" 7073: 6830: 6752:"American Lives: Reconsidering Henry Clay" 5797: 5328: 5172: 5160: 5037: 4423: 4396: 3867:Lexington Cemetery and Henry Clay Monument 3610: 3204: 2071:, and Jackson's followers became known as 1573: 1565:. He won election unopposed in late 1810. 909: 895: 242:December 29, 1806 – March 3, 1807 38: 11177:United States Senate Committee on Finance 8249: 8017: 7960: 7358: 6938: 6836: 4424:Heitshusen, Valerie (February 11, 2011). 3999:"People Enslaved at Ashland – Henry Clay" 3882: 3880: 3878: 3736:. Boston, Little, Brown. January 5, 2024. 2954:While in Washington DC, Clay acquired an 1415: 986:, in 1777, and began his legal career in 498:March 4, 1811 – January 19, 1814 355:March 4, 1811 – January 19, 1814 320:March 4, 1815 – October 28, 1820 19413:1848 United States presidential election 19089:1844 United States presidential election 18890:1840 United States presidential election 10884:1832 United States presidential election 10631:1824 United States presidential election 8379: 8344:Henry Clay: America's Greatest Statesman 8189: 7735: 7535: 6500:. United States House of Representatives 6192: 6084: 5971: 5292: 3585:(Santa Barbara: Greenwood Press, 2005), 3214: 3113: 3050: 2982: 2777: 2623:Henry Clay Jr., who died serving in the 2618: 2602: 2595:1848 United States presidential election 2524: 2517:1844 United States presidential election 2406: 2212: 2209:1832 United States presidential election 2139: 2038: 2000: 1930: 1927:1824 United States presidential election 1820: 1344: 1224: 1210:, a prominent Louisiana politician, and 1094:but was passed over in favor of General 968:" of Congressmen, alongside fellow Whig 195:January 4, 1810 – March 3, 1811 20563:United States senators who owned slaves 20553:Tuberculosis deaths in Washington, D.C. 20538:People from Kentucky in the War of 1812 19203: 19117: 18994: 18918: 11015: 10973: 10763: 10723: 10664: 8315: 7698: 7679: 7387: 7333:"The Presidency; The Ones Who Got Away" 7293: 7243: 7219: 7169: 7157: 6807: 6805: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6738: 6696: 6672: 6660: 6636: 6612: 6600: 6588: 6576: 6564: 6456: 6432: 6420: 6312: 6300: 6288: 6264: 6252: 6228: 6216: 6180: 6132: 6120: 6108: 6060: 6048: 6007: 5995: 5935: 5911: 5887: 5851: 5785: 5773: 5713: 5677: 5653: 5617: 5593: 5557: 5545: 5533: 5482: 5470: 5458: 5422: 5386: 5304: 5280: 5268: 5232: 5220: 5148: 5097: 5085: 5025: 4989: 4965: 4953: 4902: 4860: 4836: 4812: 4788: 4764: 4728: 4692: 4612: 4588: 4540: 4372: 4324: 4249: 4225: 4187: 4160: 4136: 4054: 4042: 4030: 4018: 3929: 3854: 3818: 3681: 3399:constitutionally required age of thirty 3201:... and instead term it the Clay Era." 2922:limited congressional debate on slavery 2904:denounced this plan in a speech to the 2877:, which had been established through a 2829: 2358:, a British political party opposed to 2265: 2154: 1568: 19:For other people named Henry Clay, see 20340: 19809:Unknown Soldier for World War I (1921) 8534:Abraham Lincoln's Eulogy of Henry Clay 8360: 8268: 8226:. University of North Carolina Press. 8145: 7979: 7939: 7920: 7777: 7758: 7516: 7451: 7403:. United States Senate. March 12, 1959 7364: 7231: 7187: 7181: 7074:Richardson, Lewis (January 24, 2007). 7001: 6972: 6970: 6709: 6707: 6705: 5410: 5374: 5347: 5196: 4800: 4288: 4203:. United States Senate. Archived from 3886: 3875: 3657: 1867:independence movements and revolutions 1563:United States House of Representatives 1389:, who was indicted for treason in the 1316:. Clay also took a strong interest in 1187: 979:. Clay died at the age of 75 in 1852. 712:This article is part of a series about 451:March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1821 404:March 4, 1823 – March 6, 1825 285:March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825 125:March 4, 1849 – June 29, 1852 68:March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829 20548:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis 19674: 19380: 19267: 19056: 18857: 18213: 14306: 13747: 13589: 13063: 12451: 11879: 11481: 11148: 10851: 10598: 10128: 9310: 9297: 9026:Kentucky's 3rd congressional district 8993:Kentucky's 2nd congressional district 8960:Kentucky's 2nd congressional district 8927:Kentucky's 5th congressional district 8593: 8341: 8295:(University Press of Kentucky, 2018). 8221: 8186:(University Press of Kentucky, 2020). 8094: 8079:Henry Clay: Spokesman of the New West 7998: 7901: 7800: 7495: 6811: 6684: 6408: 6396: 5329:Ostermeier, Eric (December 4, 2013). 4397:Ostermeier, Eric (October 13, 2015). 4276: 4115: 3993: 3991: 3830: 3770: 3720: 3645: 3598: 1996: 1230: 20528:College of William & Mary alumni 20363:People from Hanover County, Virginia 12548:Presidency of William Henry Harrison 12521:1860 Constitutional Union Convention 10156:United States senators from Kentucky 9281:, fielding four separate candidates. 8586:in 1844 as a campaign song for Clay. 8570:Guide to the Henry Clay account book 8543:"Henry Clay, Presidential Contender" 8312:, 2 vols., 1899., outdated biography 8076: 8036: 7984:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 7895: 7786:. Harper & Row Publishers, Inc. 7658: 7639: 7472: 7193: 6802: 6762: 6324: 6168: 5959: 5725: 5605: 5581: 5569: 5521: 5509: 5434: 5398: 5256: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3434:, was technically also a new member. 2470:Presidency of William Henry Harrison 1244:(1811), Eliza (1813), Laura (1815), 956:elections. He helped found both the 19721:State funerals in the United States 10685:(eliminated in contingent election) 7761:Henry Clay: Statesmen for the Union 7598:The Presidency of John Quincy Adams 6967: 6713: 6702: 6522:. US Architect of the Capitol (AOC) 3979: 3960: 3941: 3887:Gatton, John Spalding (Fall 1979). 3211:List of things named for Henry Clay 2884:In 1816, Clay helped establish the 2551:1844 Democratic National Convention 2389:Van Buren administration, 1837–1841 2241:that nominated Clay for president. 2043:Clay supported construction of the 1362:, the first university west of the 13: 20493:Freedom suits in the United States 20383:United States secretaries of state 20378:American people of English descent 13091:United States Secretaries of State 8768:Senate Foreign Relations Committee 8516:For Henry Clay's election results. 8417: 8320:. Johns Hopkins University Press. 8252:The One-Party Presidential Contest 7923:Henry Clay and the American System 7889: 7621:Henry Clay: The Essential American 7427:Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln 7365:Masket, Seth (November 19, 2015). 7256:Singletary, Otis (April 2, 2013). 7194:King, Gilbert (December 6, 2012). 6837:Blackford, Linda (July 10, 2020). 6812:Myers, Amrita Chakrabarti (2023). 3988: 3982:Henry Clay: the Essential American 3980:Heidler, David S. & Jeanne T. 3630:Henry Clay: the Essential American 3627: 2834: 1461:In 1803, Clay won election to the 1065:Clay sought the presidency in the 14: 20579: 20483:American political party founders 20418:19th-century American legislators 20413:19th-century Kentucky politicians 14336:'s delegation(s) to the 9th–32nd 12504:1856 American National Convention 8445: 7520:The Presidential Campaign of 1832 6774:Turley-Adams, Alicestyne (2022). 6541:Fanny J. Crosby: An Autobiography 3628:Heider, David S. & Jeanne T. 3616: 3331:National Statuary Hall Collection 3081:, who was enslaved by Clay, sued 2118:Jackson administration, 1829–1837 1649:Madison administration, 1811–1817 1463:Kentucky House of Representatives 1082:, who made the annexation of the 998:, led the United States into the 18837: 18827: 18818: 18817: 13775:Hall of Fame for Great Americans 13650: 13122: 11864: 11466: 10380: 10107: 10097: 10096: 10021: 9131:United States Secretary of State 8493: 8338:(Routledge, 2018) pp. 9–32. 8298: 7946:. University Press of Kentucky. 7925:. University Press of Kentucky. 7906:. University Press of Kentucky. 7477:The Presidency of Andrew Jackson 7415: 7393: 7325: 7299: 7249: 7130: 7067: 7042: 7021: 6995: 6932: 6907: 6882: 6744: 6534: 6512: 6490: 6477: 6025: 5791: 5331:"Bob Smith and the 12-Year Itch" 5322: 3523: 3514: 3501: 3472: 3459: 3155: 2906:New England Anti-Slavery Society 2719: 2697: 1770:Monroe administration, 1817–1825 1756:Second Bank of the United States 1336:Early career in law and politics 1283: 882: 877: 872: 866: 756:Second Bank of the United States 704: 683: 56:United States Secretary of State 20533:Transylvania University faculty 20324:: Presidents and chief justices 12543:Presidency of John Quincy Adams 12420:Benjamin Williams Crowninshield 8854:Most senior living U.S. senator 8222:Poage, George Rawlings (1936). 8091:, an older scholarly biography. 7859:Van Deusen, Glyndon G. (1937). 7594:Hargreaves, Mary W. M. (1985). 7029:"Lewis Richardson – Henry Clay" 7002:Cheves, John (March 12, 2010). 6031:Murray, Elizabeth Reid (2006). 4657: 4504:"List of Speakers of the House" 4496: 4458: 4417: 4390: 4193: 4121: 4096: 3973: 3954: 3935: 3860: 3776: 3726: 3446: 3437: 3420: 3391: 3036:, across the Ohio River to the 2966:, according to her obituary in 2841:American System (economic plan) 2102: 2011:Presidency of John Quincy Adams 1806:congressional nominating caucus 1555:First Bank of the United States 1537:from the Kentucky legislature. 1385:Clay's most notable client was 1340: 1320:and imported livestock such as 636: 16:American politician (1777–1852) 12563:Presidency of Millard Fillmore 11943:Presidency of Thomas Jefferson 9299:Articles related to Henry Clay 9244:President of the United States 9216:President of the United States 9167:President of the United States 8254:. University Press of Kansas. 8127:Tennessee Historical Quarterly 8119:66#3 (1968), pp. 242–58. 8039:Henry Clay and the War of 1812 7744:. University Press of Kansas. 7602:. University Press of Kansas. 7481:. University Press of Kansas. 7444: 7118:. Jewish Publication Society. 6939:Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2008). 6037:Encyclopedia of North Carolina 4437:Congressional Research Service 3575: 3137:Kentucky remained in the Union 3064:for aiding in another escape. 2822:Where pearly streamlets glide, 2818:Sleep on, oh, statesman, sleep 2681:Presidency of Millard Fillmore 2585:Polk administration, 1845–1849 2395:Presidency of Martin Van Buren 1941:voted for Crawford, states in 1412:. However, he lost that case. 1304:outside of Lexington known as 1026:by leading the passage of the 990:, in 1797. As a member of the 735:Early law and political career 1: 20558:Burials at Lexington Cemetery 20503:19th-century American lawyers 9021:U.S. House of Representatives 8988:U.S. House of Representatives 8955:U.S. House of Representatives 8922:U.S. House of Representatives 8905:U.S. House of Representatives 8887:United States Capitol rotunda 8538:Teaching American History.Org 8520:Henry Clay Letters, 1825–1851 8382:Rhetoric & Public Affairs 8224:Henry Clay and the Whig Party 8190:Peterson, Merrill D. (1987). 8129:26#1 (1967), pp. 43–58. 8070:(1980) 78#2 pp. 123–139 8003:. Columbia University Press. 7961:Bordewich, Fergus M. (2012). 7736:Peterson, Norma Lois (1989). 6945:. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. 3568: 3327:one of Kentucky's two statues 2886:American Colonization Society 2804:United States Capitol rotunda 2660:1848 Whig National Convention 2609:1848 Whig National Convention 2599:1848 Whig National Convention 2547:1844 Whig National Convention 2521:1844 Whig National Convention 2437:1839 Whig National Convention 2413:1839 Whig National Convention 2145: 1153:College of William & Mary 1105: 674:College of William & Mary 387:U.S. House of Representatives 13099:Secretary of Foreign Affairs 12558:Presidency of Zachary Taylor 8477:Works by or about Henry Clay 8464:from the Library of Congress 8462:Henry Clay: A Resource Guide 8457:Clay's Ashland Home web site 8342:Unger, Harlow Giles (2015). 8148:Journal of the Civil War Era 8037:King, Quentin Scott (2014). 7659:Howe, Daniel Walker (2007). 7517:Gammon, Samuel Rhea (1922). 6520:"Lying in State or in Honor" 6035:. Powell, William S. (ed.). 3085:while visiting relatives in 2677:Presidency of Zachary Taylor 2124:Presidency of Andrew Jackson 1182:admitted to the Virginia Bar 7: 18823:All presidential candidates 11948:Presidency of James Madison 11907:Democratic-Republican Party 9275:Democratic-Republican Party 8492:(public domain audiobooks) 8196:. Oxford University Press. 7684:. Oxford University Press. 7665:. Oxford University Press. 7644:. Oxford University Press. 7538:Journal of Economic History 7523:. The Johns Hopkins Press. 6843:The Lexington Herald Leader 5137:Graebner & Herring 2009 3984:. Random House. p. 45. 3359: 2790:aged 75 in his room at the 2706:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 2689:32nd United States Congress 2685:31st United States Congress 2641:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 2591:Presidency of James K. Polk 2478:27th United States Congress 2403:26th United States Congress 2399:25th United States Congress 2314:Formation of the Whig Party 2136:24th United States Congress 2132:23rd United States Congress 2128:22nd United States Congress 2047:, which extended west from 2022:Canada–United States border 1837:after New York Congressman 1792:18th United States Congress 1788:17th United States Congress 1784:16th United States Congress 1780:15th United States Congress 1667:14th United States Congress 1663:13th United States Congress 1659:12th United States Congress 1655:Presidency of James Madison 1440:Democratic-Republican Party 1426:11th United States Congress 1393:. Clay and his law partner 1161:Declaration of Independence 1069:but was passed over at the 1010:, which called for federal 992:Democratic-Republican Party 21:Henry Clay (disambiguation) 10: 20584: 20091:Chestnut and Gibson (1998) 20031:Herbert C. Hoover Building 14057:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 11953:Presidency of James Monroe 8269:Remini, Robert V. (2010). 8250:Ratcliffe, Donald (2015). 8018:Greenberg, Amy S. (2012). 7778:Remini, Robert V. (1981). 7759:Remini, Robert V. (1991). 7680:Klotter, James C. (2018). 7138:"Aaron Dupuy – Henry Clay" 7100:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6651:, pp. 33–36, 143–144. 6649:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6625:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6472:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6445:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6385:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6373:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6361:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6349:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6337:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6277:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6241:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6205:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6157:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6145:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6097:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6073:Heidler & Heidler 2010 6020:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5984:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5948:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5924:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5900:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5876:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5864:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5840:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5828:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5762:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5750:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5738:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5702:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5690:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5666:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5642:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5630:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5498:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5447:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5360:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5317:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5245:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5209:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5185:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5125:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5110:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5074:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5062:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5050:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5014:Heidler & Heidler 2010 5002:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4978:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4942:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4930:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4915:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4888:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4873:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4849:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4825:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4777:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4753:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4741:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4717:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4705:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4681:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4652:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4640:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4628:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4601:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4577:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4565:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4553:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4529:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4491:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4385:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4361:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4349:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4337:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4313:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4301:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4262:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4238:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4176:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4149:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4091:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4079:Heidler & Heidler 2010 4067:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3918:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3843:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3807:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3795:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3759:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3747:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3709:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3694:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3670:Heidler & Heidler 2010 3339:National Historic Landmark 3208: 3129:Constitutional Union Party 3057:Fugitive Slave Act in 1850 3000:, a waiter at the upscale 2838: 2674: 2656:1848 presidential election 2588: 2535:1844 presidential election 2514: 2511:1844 presidential election 2467: 2429:1840 presidential election 2392: 2375:1836 presidential election 2324:Whig Party (United States) 2317: 2269: 2198: 2179:, to the National Road in 2121: 2106: 2008: 1991:1828 presidential election 1924: 1921:1824 presidential election 1802:1816 presidential election 1776:Presidency of James Monroe 1773: 1652: 1475:1804 presidential election 1422:9th United States Congress 1419: 1191: 1145:Virginia Court of Chancery 1054:by leading passage of the 1048:1828 presidential election 1012:infrastructure investments 854: 778:U.S. Senator from Kentucky 18: 20319: 20292: 20214: 20137: 20128: 20072: 20047: 20029: 20011: 19979: 19736: 19727: 19718: 19646: 19621: 19594: 19577: 19547: 19520: 19503: 19468: 19441: 19424: 19352: 19310: 19281: 19263: 19230: 19186: 19151: 19100: 19028: 18977: 18952: 18901: 18813: 18251: 18247: 14347: 13997:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. 13992:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. 13782: 13722: 13703: 13678: 13661:Secretary of the Treasury 13659: 13648: 13631: 13574: 13131: 13120: 13097: 13022: 12973: 12930: 12875: 12820: 12771: 12762: 12717: 12571: 12489: 12392: 12349: 12288: 12245: 12190: 12181: 12112: 11966: 11918:Anti-Administration Party 11913: 11862: 11516: 11464: 11183: 11120: 11084: 11057: 11046: 11004: 10965:National Republican Party 10962: 10934: 10906: 10895: 10819: 10794: 10754: 10714: 10655: 10642: 10389: 10378: 10162: 10030: 10019: 9344: 9304: 9271: 9262: 9252: 9234: 9226: 9206: 9198: 9191: 9160: 9152: 9147: 9137: 9128: 9120: 9109: 9101: 9091: 9082: 9074: 9064: 9055: 9047: 9042: 9032: 9017: 9009: 8999: 8984: 8976: 8966: 8951: 8943: 8933: 8918: 8910: 8903: 8893: 8878: 8873: 8863: 8852: 8844: 8834: 8825: 8817: 8812: 8802: 8792: 8784: 8774: 8764: 8756: 8746: 8730: 8722: 8712: 8688: 8680: 8670: 8654: 8646: 8636: 8620: 8612: 8605: 8600: 8316:Strahan, Randall (2007). 7865:. Little, Brown, and Co. 7801:Smith, Elbert B. (1988). 7640:Holt, Michael F. (1999). 7550:10.1017/s0022050700064111 3154: 3149: 3108: 2820:Within thy hallowed tomb, 2320:National Republican Party 2065:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 1947:for Adams, and states in 1623:Elected speaker six times 1282: 1277: 1229:Henry Clay and Lucretia ( 958:National Republican Party 746:U.S. Speaker of the House 691: 679: 669: 646: 623: 602: 592: 575: 553: 548: 544: 524: 514: 502: 491: 479: 467: 455: 444: 432: 420: 408: 397: 383: 371: 359: 348: 336: 324: 313: 301: 289: 278: 270: 258: 246: 235: 223: 211: 199: 188: 176: 164: 153: 141: 129: 118: 106: 94: 82: 72: 61: 53: 49: 37: 30: 14182:William Tecumseh Sherman 13872:George Washington Carver 12553:Presidency of John Tyler 9148:Party political offices 8796:Senate Finance Committee 8595:Offices and distinctions 8425:The Papers of Henry Clay 8365:. Bedford/St. Martin's. 7965:. Simon & Schuster. 7940:Baxter, Maurice (2000). 7921:Baxter, Maurice (1995). 7473:Cole, Donald B. (1993). 7284:, pp. 563, 586–587. 7160:, pp. 192–193, 196. 6741:, pp. 204–205, 247. 6423:, pp. 359, 364–365. 6022:, pp. 383, 385–386. 5764:, pp. 296–297, 300. 5473:, pp. 175, 181–182. 5461:, pp. 174, 179–180. 5112:, pp. 187, 191–192. 5040:, pp. 33–34, 36–38. 4466:"Clay, Henry: 1777–1852" 3384: 3323:Pottsville, Pennsylvania 3304:Claysville, Pennsylvania 2824:And summer roses bloom. 2773: 2496:Webster-Ashburton Treaty 2474:Presidency of John Tyler 2456:, Clay saw the upcoming 1312:, the chief crop of the 1206:and was also related to 1112:Hanover County, Virginia 1071:Whig National Convention 934:House of Representatives 568:Hanover County, Virginia 14262:John Greenleaf Whittier 13877:William Ellery Channing 8429:vol 1 online, 1797–1814 8291:Runyon, Randolph Paul. 7902:Apple, Lindsey (2011). 7496:Eaton, Clement (1957). 7008:Lexington Herald Leader 4433:CRS Report for Congress 3963:"$ 60,000 in 1802–2020" 3944:"$ 40,000 in 1802–2020" 3785:- Encyclopedia Virginia 3426:The speaker during the 3407:Armistead Thomson Mason 3310:named a submarine, the 3205:Monuments and memorials 1574:Election and leadership 1432:Alien and Sedition Acts 1360:Transylvania University 767:U.S. Secretary of State 19981:National Statuary Hall 19221:Theodore Frelinghuysen 18928:William Henry Harrison 18843:Third-party candidates 18469:Winfield Scott Hancock 18359:William Henry Harrison 14341:(ordered by seniority) 14338:United States Congress 14247:James McNeill Whistler 14177:Augustus Saint-Gaudens 14092:Matthew Fontaine Maury 13044:Alexander H. H. Stuart 12371:Caesar Augustus Rodney 11933:Jeffersonian democracy 9230:William Henry Harrison 8882:lain in state or honor 8077:Mayo, Bernard (1937). 7999:Brown, Thomas (1985). 7980:Brands, H. W. (2018). 7862:The Life of Henry Clay 7423:"Eulogy on Henry Clay" 6545:Peabody, Massachusetts 5799:Eisenhower, John S. D. 3559:William Jennings Bryan 3496:Battle of Lundy's Lane 3411:John Jordan Crittenden 3356: 3227: 3195:William Jennings Bryan 3122:. Mississippi Senator 3060: 2989: 2847:strict constructionism 2827: 2783: 2627: 2616: 2530: 2501:Preemption Act of 1841 2420: 2417:William Henry Harrison 2379:William Henry Harrison 2276:The high rates of the 2218: 2189:Richard Mentor Johnson 2175:, which would connect 2151: 2052: 2006: 2005:Portrait of Henry Clay 1954: 1830: 1722:status quo ante bellum 1540:In 1810, U.S. Senator 1416:Early political career 1350: 1266:an asylum in Lexington 1237: 1060:William Henry Harrison 1018:, and high protective 804:Presidential elections 20523:American nationalists 14197:Harriet Beecher Stowe 14167:Franklin D. Roosevelt 13897:James Fenimore Cooper 13857:William Cullen Bryant 13832:Alexander Graham Bell 13724:Secretary of the Navy 13038:Thomas M. T. McKennan 12136:Joseph Bradley Varnum 10824:Other 1824 elections: 10645:Democratic-Republican 10055:Democratic-Republican 9163:Democratic-Republican 8529:Letters of Henry Clay 8394:10.1353/rap.2003.0040 8160:10.1353/cwe.2014.0014 8139:117.1 (2019): 39–55. 8063:, scholarly biography 7943:Henry Clay the Lawyer 7713:10.1353/khs.2012.0068 7112:Still, Peter (1970). 4104:Henry Clay the lawyer 3871:National Park Service 3551:Franklin D. Roosevelt 3378:River Raisin Massacre 3352: 3347:Senate Reception Room 3218: 3133:Crittenden Compromise 3114:Historical reputation 3054: 2986: 2815: 2781: 2738:as a free state, the 2637:Battle of Buena Vista 2622: 2606: 2528: 2410: 2289:, Jackson issued his 2216: 2143: 2042: 2009:Further information: 2004: 1934: 1843:legislative amendment 1827:Matthew Harris Jouett 1824: 1774:Further information: 1684:and Secretary of War 1653:Further information: 1487:internal improvements 1456:Kentucky Constitution 1444:Gaius Mucius Scaevola 1420:Further information: 1404:, Clay submitted the 1364:Appalachian Mountains 1348: 1254:Battle of Buena Vista 1228: 940:as well as the ninth 936:. He was the seventh 607:Democratic-Republican 108:United States Senator 19713:in the United States 19651:Other 1848 elections 19357:Other 1844 elections 19033:Other 1840 elections 18547:Charles Evans Hughes 15418:R. Anderson Jr. 15286:R. Anderson Jr. 14227:Booker T. Washington 14137:Alice Freeman Palmer 14117:William T. G. Morton 14062:James Russell Lowell 12516:Constitutional Union 12124:Frederick Muhlenberg 11938:Era of Good Feelings 11125:Other 1832 elections 10014: (2023–present) 9265:Notes and references 8524:the Newberry Library 8336:Masters of the House 8081:. Houghton Mifflin. 7311:The Atlantic Monthly 6485:The National Hotel." 6363:, pp. 444, 454. 4435:. Washington, D.C.: 3432:Frederick Muhlenberg 3374:Battle of Frenchtown 3372:. Killed during the 3366:Nathaniel G. S. Hart 3042:Amherstburg, Ontario 3030:Underground Railroad 2830:Ideology and slavery 2632:Mexican–American War 2625:Mexican–American War 2287:Nullification Crisis 2272:Nullification crisis 2266:Nullification Crisis 2155:Return to the Senate 2113:Jacksonian democracy 2069:National Republicans 2049:Cumberland, Maryland 2030:most favoured nation 1709:Indian barrier state 1588:Speaker of the House 1569:Speaker of the House 1491:United States Senate 1448:gradual emancipation 1262:psychiatric hospital 1258:Mexican–American War 1216:governor of Kentucky 1088:Mexican–American War 1052:nullification crisis 783:Nullification Crisis 20518:Second Party System 19883:J. E. Hoover (1972) 19238:for Vice President: 18537:William Howard Taft 18429:George B. McClellan 18321:William H. Crawford 18277:Charles C. Pinckney 14242:George Westinghouse 14212:Henry David Thoreau 14122:John Lothrop Motley 14097:Albert A. Michelson 13977:Nathaniel Hawthorne 13927:Ralph Waldo Emerson 13912:James Buchanan Eads 12860:William M. Meredith 12675:1848 (Philadelphia) 12533:Second Party System 12479:National Republican 12328:William H. Crawford 12322:Alexander J. Dallas 12279:William H. Crawford 12267:Alexander J. Dallas 10827:Contingent election 10773:William H. Crawford 10061:National Republican 10043:Anti-Administration 9209:National Republican 8857:(Sitting or former) 8742:Joseph R. Underwood 8486:Works by Henry Clay 8468:Works by Henry Clay 8435:Works of Henry Clay 8182:Pearson, Joseph W. 7401:"The 'Famous Five'" 7282:Strahan et al. 2000 7234:, pp. 495–512. 7222:, pp. 243–263. 7184:, pp. 761–762. 7172:, pp. 195–196. 7102:, pp. 217–218. 6714:Woo, Ilyon (2023). 6699:, pp. 198–199. 6675:, pp. 191–192. 6663:, pp. 354–356. 6639:, pp. 189–191. 6615:, pp. 220–221. 6459:, pp. 365–367. 6435:, pp. 365–366. 6411:, pp. 112–119. 6399:, pp. 111–112. 6387:, pp. 461–462. 6351:, pp. 443–444. 6339:, pp. 441–442. 6315:, pp. 345–346. 6303:, pp. 342–345. 6291:, pp. 340–342. 6279:, pp. 420–421. 6267:, pp. 337–338. 6255:, pp. 335–336. 6231:, pp. 332–334. 6219:, pp. 329–331. 6207:, pp. 395–398. 6195:, pp. 257–258. 6183:, pp. 322–324. 6135:, pp. 311–312. 6123:, pp. 307–309. 6111:, pp. 302–303. 6099:, pp. 388–389. 6087:, pp. 239–241. 6075:, pp. 387–388. 6051:, pp. 296–298. 6010:, pp. 293–294. 5998:, pp. 290–291. 5986:, pp. 358–359. 5974:, pp. 103–108. 5962:, pp. 592–593. 5950:, pp. 362–363. 5938:, pp. 270–271. 5926:, pp. 351–353. 5914:, pp. 265–269. 5902:, pp. 342–343. 5890:, pp. 263–264. 5878:, pp. 334–335. 5854:, pp. 261–263. 5842:, pp. 311–312. 5830:, pp. 309–310. 5788:, pp. 257–258. 5776:, pp. 249–254. 5752:, pp. 284–287. 5728:, pp. 505–506. 5716:, pp. 242–243. 5704:, pp. 279–280. 5680:, pp. 239–241. 5668:, pp. 272–273. 5656:, pp. 229–231. 5644:, pp. 313–315. 5620:, pp. 227–228. 5608:, pp. 209–211. 5596:, pp. 225–227. 5584:, pp. 387–388. 5572:, pp. 187–188. 5560:, pp. 219–221. 5548:, pp. 217–218. 5536:, pp. 212–213. 5524:, pp. 160–161. 5512:, pp. 157–158. 5485:, pp. 184–187. 5449:, pp. 242–244. 5437:, pp. 375–376. 5425:, pp. 171–173. 5401:, pp. 140–141. 5389:, pp. 168–170. 5377:, pp. 135–136. 5307:, pp. 162–163. 5295:, pp. 145–169. 5283:, pp. 161–162. 5271:, pp. 222–223. 5247:, pp. 212–213. 5235:, pp. 154–155. 5223:, pp. 143–148. 5211:, pp. 205–207. 5175:, pp. 166–177. 5163:, pp. 165–166. 5151:, pp. 145–147. 5139:, pp. 555–556. 5127:, pp. 192–193. 5100:, pp. 142–143. 5088:, pp. 134–136. 5076:, pp. 184–185. 5064:, pp. 183–184. 5052:, pp. 179–180. 5028:, pp. 122–124. 5004:, pp. 174–175. 4992:, pp. 110–112. 4980:, pp. 162–164. 4944:, pp. 166–168. 4932:, pp. 155–157. 4905:, pp. 104–105. 4890:, pp. 137–138. 4875:, pp. 136–137. 4851:, pp. 150–152. 4827:, pp. 143–144. 4803:, pp. 150–151. 4779:, pp. 126–130. 4755:, pp. 132–133. 4743:, pp. 123–131. 4719:, pp. 119–122. 4683:, pp. 110–117. 4654:, pp. 107–108. 4493:, pp. 148–149. 4102:Maurice G. Baxter, 4045:, pp. 279–280. 4033:, pp. 277–278. 4021:, pp. 275–277. 3932:, pp. 285–286. 3893:The Kentucky Review 3660:, pp. xxiv, 4. 3632:. pp. 445–446. 3531:a feat matched only 3333:. Clay's estate of 3319:Henry Clay Monument 3300:Claysville, Alabama 3225:Lexington, Kentucky 3034:Maysville, Kentucky 3006:Harriet Bell Hayden 2850:expansion into the 2341:of a Senate motion 2239:national convention 2177:Maysville, Kentucky 2109:Second Party System 1971:contingent election 1877:. In 1818, General 1860:Missouri Compromise 1796:Like Jefferson and 1596:Robert M. T. Hunter 1586:, Clay was elected 1580:1810–1811 elections 1515:Embargo Act of 1807 1452:slavery in Kentucky 1318:thoroughbred racing 1200:Lexington, Kentucky 1188:Marriage and family 1036:contingent election 1028:Missouri Compromise 988:Lexington, Kentucky 761:Missouri Compromise 612:National Republican 20488:American duellists 20083:US Capitol rotunda 20049:Old Senate Chamber 19738:US Capitol rotunda 19634:Joshua R. Giddings 19174:Richard M. Johnson 18419:Stephen A. Douglas 18145:J. C. Breckinridge 15682:J. D. Breckinridge 14172:Theodore Roosevelt 14112:Samuel F. B. Morse 13972:Alexander Hamilton 13917:Thomas Alva Edison 13827:Henry Ward Beecher 13812:John James Audubon 13732:Samuel L. Southard 13694:Peter Buell Porter 13633:Secretary of State 13136:1789–present 13133:Secretary of State 13001:William B. Preston 12983:Samuel L. Southard 12964:John J. Crittenden 12946:John J. Crittenden 12915:George W. Crawford 12511:Anti-Masonic Party 12432:Samuel L. Southard 12310:John Armstrong Jr. 12261:George W. Campbell 11928:First Party System 11049:Anti-Masonic Party 10950:Richard M. Johnson 10716:Jacksonian faction 10657:Adams-Clay faction 10489:J. C. Breckinridge 10037:Pro-Administration 9176:Served alongside: 9043:Political offices 8828:Baby of the Senate 8821:Thomas Worthington 8739:Served alongside: 8716:John J. Crittenden 8704:John J. Crittenden 8697:Served alongside: 8663:Served alongside: 8629:Served alongside: 8584:A Song for the Man 8576:George Pope Morris 8309:Life of Henry Clay 8214:2.1 (2020): 43–56 8059:(Oxford UP, 2018) 8055:Klotter, James C. 7337:The New York Times 6870:. December 8, 2021 4956:, pp. 99–101. 4667:18.2 (1977): 5–16 4642:, pp. 99–101. 4201:"Youngest Senator" 3480:John J. Crittenden 3308:United States Navy 3228: 3191:Alexander Hamilton 3183:Robert La Follette 3105:to his son, John. 3061: 2990: 2978:Memphis, Tennessee 2964:Thomas Hart Benton 2902:Frederick Douglass 2784: 2768:Compromise of 1850 2764:Stephen A. Douglas 2752:fugitive slave law 2628: 2617: 2531: 2484:John J. Crittenden 2421: 2235:Anti-Masonic Party 2219: 2165:Indian Removal Act 2152: 2053: 2034:Congress of Panama 2007: 1997:Secretary of State 1964:General Survey Act 1955: 1869:that broke out in 1831: 1760:Bonus Bill of 1817 1746:, Clay passed the 1611:United Netherlands 1600:William Pennington 1495:a canal connecting 1351: 1238: 1220:Lexington Cemetery 1204:Thomas Hart Benton 1159:, a signer of the 1100:Compromise of 1850 1014:, support for the 942:secretary of state 798:Compromise of 1850 597:Lexington Cemetery 183:John J. Crittenden 20498:Great Triumvirate 20373:Henry Clay family 20335: 20334: 20329: 20328: 20315: 20314: 20307:Lautenberg (2013) 20216:Great Hall of the 20124: 20123: 20068: 20067: 19835:R. A. Taft (1953) 19668: 19667: 19642: 19641: 19573: 19572: 19538:William O. Butler 19499: 19498: 19374: 19373: 19348: 19347: 19259: 19258: 19182: 19181: 19050: 19049: 19024: 19023: 18973: 18972: 18851: 18850: 18809: 18808: 18725:George H. W. Bush 18499:Benjamin Harrison 18369:Hugh Lawson White 18349:John Quincy Adams 18207: 18206: 18202: 18201: 14300: 14299: 14232:George Washington 14187:John Philip Sousa 14022:Thomas J. Jackson 14012:Washington Irving 13957:William C. Gorgas 13942:Benjamin Franklin 13907:Charlotte Cushman 13792:John Quincy Adams 13741: 13740: 13624:John Quincy Adams 13583: 13582: 13057: 13056: 13053: 13052: 13007:William A. Graham 12921:Charles M. Conrad 12649:1839 (Harrisburg) 12445: 12444: 12441: 12440: 12365:John Breckinridge 12236:John Quincy Adams 12166:Philip P. Barbour 11873: 11872: 11475: 11474: 11142: 11141: 11116: 11115: 11095:John Quincy Adams 11042: 11041: 11000: 10999: 10958: 10957: 10945:Philip P. Barbour 10845: 10844: 10815: 10814: 10790: 10789: 10750: 10749: 10710: 10709: 10686: 10674:John Quincy Adams 10592: 10591: 10122: 10121: 9978: (2019–2023) 9968: (2015–2019) 9958: (2011–2015) 9948: (2007–2011) 9938: (1999–2007) 9928: (1995–1999) 9918: (1989–1995) 9908: (1987–1989) 9898: (1977–1987) 9888: (1971–1977) 9878: (1962–1971) 9868: (1955–1961) 9858: (1953–1955) 9848: (1949–1953) 9838: (1947–1949) 9828: (1940–1947) 9818: (1936–1940) 9808: (1935–1936) 9798: (1933–1934) 9788: (1931–1933) 9778: (1925–1931) 9768: (1919–1925) 9758: (1911–1919) 9748: (1903–1911) 9738: (1899–1903) 9728: (1895–1899) 9718: (1891–1895) 9708: (1889–1891) 9698: (1883–1889) 9688: (1881–1883) 9678: (1876–1881) 9668: (1875–1876) 9658: (1869–1875) 9638: (1863–1869) 9628: (1861–1863) 9618: (1860–1861) 9608: (1857–1859) 9598: (1856–1857) 9588: (1851–1855) 9578: (1849–1851) 9568: (1847–1849) 9558: (1845–1847) 9548: (1843–1845) 9538: (1841–1843) 9528: (1839–1841) 9518: (1835–1839) 9505: (1834–1835) 9495: (1827–1834) 9485: (1825–1827) 9475: (1823–1825) 9465: (1821–1823) 9455: (1820–1821) 9445: (1815–1820) 9435: (1814–1815) 9425: (1811–1814) 9415: (1807–1811) 9405: (1801–1807) 9395: (1799–1801) 9385: (1795–1799) 9375: (1793–1795) 9365: (1791–1793) 9355: (1789–1791) 9291: 9290: 9286: 9285: 9282: 9267: 9253:Succeeded by 9202:John Quincy Adams 9179:John Quincy Adams 9138:Succeeded by 9124:John Quincy Adams 9105:Philip P. Barbour 9092:Succeeded by 9065:Succeeded by 9033:Succeeded by 9000:Succeeded by 8980:Joseph H. Hawkins 8970:Joseph H. Hawkins 8967:Succeeded by 8934:Succeeded by 8894:Succeeded by 8880:Persons who have 8864:Succeeded by 8835:Succeeded by 8803:Succeeded by 8775:Succeeded by 8747:Succeeded by 8737:1849–1852 8713:Succeeded by 8708:James T. Morehead 8695:1831–1842 8671:Succeeded by 8661:1810–1811 8637:Succeeded by 8627:1806–1807 8472:Project Gutenberg 8437:, 7 vols. (1897) 8346:. Da Capo Press. 7896:Secondary sources 7504:. Little, Brown. 7339:. July 19, 1998. 6952:978-0-7656-8093-8 6823:978-1-4696-7523-7 6787:978-0-8131-9548-3 6725:978-1-5011-9105-3 6627:, pp. 19–21. 6603:, pp. 89–91. 6591:, pp. 87–89. 6579:, pp. 85–87. 6567:, pp. 80–82. 5413:, pp. 60–61. 5350:, pp. 53–54. 4968:, pp. 96–97. 4863:, pp. 74–75. 4839:, pp. 45–46. 4815:, pp. 44–45. 4791:, pp. 40–41. 4767:, pp. 81–82. 4731:, pp. 39–40. 4695:, pp. 35–36. 4630:, pp. 97–98. 4603:, pp. 89–90. 4591:, pp. 65–67. 4567:, pp. 87–88. 4555:, pp. 88–89. 4543:, pp. 31–32. 4446:on April 17, 2018 4363:, pp. 76–78. 4351:, pp. 81–83. 4339:, pp. 79–81. 4327:, pp. 26–30. 4303:, pp. 72–73. 4264:, pp. 70–71. 4252:, pp. 10–10. 4240:, pp. 64–67. 4190:, pp. 25–26. 4178:, pp. 48–51. 4163:, pp. 21–23. 4151:, pp. 33–36. 4139:, pp. 20–21. 4127:Baxter, pp 38–54. 4081:, pp. 30–31. 4069:, pp. 27–29. 3967:in2013dollars.com 3948:in2013dollars.com 3857:, pp. 12–13. 3845:, pp. 41–42. 3797:, pp. 20–21. 3761:, pp. 19–20. 3749:, pp. 13–15. 3711:, pp. 11–13. 3170: 3169: 3131:and the proposed 3071:Signal of Liberty 2852:American frontier 2712:still unorganized 2650:By 1847, General 2543:Republic of Texas 2383:Hugh Lawson White 2360:absolute monarchy 2169:Mississippi River 1975:Twelfth Amendment 1911:Adams–Onís Treaty 1798:George Washington 1705:John Quincy Adams 1703:, and ambassador 1673:Orders in Council 1527:Humphrey Marshall 1471:Electoral College 1376:Robert P. Letcher 1372:John Breckenridge 1298: 1297: 1084:Republic of Texas 1032:John Quincy Adams 982:Clay was born in 966:Great Triumvirate 919: 918: 847:Great Triumvirate 837:Clay's law office 727: 726: 695: 694: 520:Joseph H. Hawkins 462:Joseph H. Hawkins 296:Philip P. Barbour 89:John Quincy Adams 77:John Quincy Adams 20575: 20508:Kentucky lawyers 20218:US Supreme Court 20135: 20134: 20079: 20078: 19857:MacArthur (1964) 19734: 19733: 19695: 19688: 19681: 19672: 19671: 19622:Other candidates 19612:Charles F. Adams 19610:Vice President: 19604:Martin Van Buren 19592: 19591: 19565:Martin Van Buren 19548:Other candidates 19536:Vice President: 19518: 19517: 19506:Democratic Party 19469:Other candidates 19459:Millard Fillmore 19457:Vice President: 19439: 19438: 19401: 19394: 19387: 19378: 19377: 19299:Vice President: 19265: 19264: 19246:Millard Fillmore 19231:Other candidates 19219:Vice President: 19201: 19200: 19159:Martin Van Buren 19152:Other candidates 19142:George M. Dallas 19140:Vice President: 19115: 19114: 19103:Democratic Party 19077: 19070: 19063: 19054: 19053: 19004:Martin Van Buren 18992: 18991: 18980:Democratic Party 18953:Other candidates 18941:Vice President: 18916: 18915: 18878: 18871: 18864: 18855: 18854: 18841: 18840: 18831: 18830: 18821: 18820: 18509:William J. Bryan 18489:Grover Cleveland 18459:Samuel J. Tilden 18379:Martin Van Buren 18257:Thomas Jefferson 18249: 18248: 18234: 18227: 18220: 18211: 18210: 18188: 18179: 18170: 18161: 18152: 18143: 18134: 18125: 18116: 18105: 18096: 18071: 18060: 18048: 18039: 18007: 17998: 17989: 17980: 17971: 17962: 17953: 17944: 17935: 17926: 17906: 17895: 17866: 17857: 17848: 17839: 17830: 17821: 17812: 17803: 17794: 17785: 17760: 17750: 17739: 17707: 17698: 17689: 17680: 17671: 17662: 17653: 17644: 17635: 17626: 17606: 17595: 17566: 17557: 17548: 17539: 17530: 17521: 17512: 17503: 17494: 17485: 17465: 17454: 17425: 17416: 17407: 17398: 17389: 17380: 17371: 17362: 17353: 17344: 17335: 17326: 17317: 17292: 17282: 17271: 17237: 17228: 17219: 17210: 17201: 17192: 17181: 17172: 17163: 17154: 17145: 17136: 17127: 17118: 17098: 17087: 17058: 17049: 17040: 17031: 17022: 17013: 17004: 16995: 16986: 16977: 16968: 16959: 16950: 16930: 16919: 16890: 16881: 16872: 16863: 16854: 16845: 16836: 16827: 16818: 16809: 16800: 16791: 16782: 16762: 16755: (NR) 16751: 16722: 16713: 16704: 16695: 16686: 16677: 16668: 16659: 16650: 16641: 16632: 16621: 16612: 16592: 16581: 16552: 16543: 16534: 16525: 16516: 16507: 16498: 16489: 16480: 16471: 16462: 16453: 16433: 16422: 16393: 16384: 16375: 16366: 16357: 16348: 16339: 16330: 16321: 16312: 16303: 16294: 16274: 16263: 16232: 16221: 16210: 16201: 16192: 16183: 16174: 16163: 16154: 16145: 16136: 16127: 16118: 16109: 16098: 16078: 16067: 16036: 16025: 16016: 16007: 15996: 15987: 15978: 15969: 15958: 15949: 15938: 15929: 15920: 15911: 15900: 15880: 15869: 15840: 15831: 15822: 15813: 15804: 15795: 15786: 15777: 15768: 15759: 15750: 15741: 15721: 15714: (DR) 15710: 15679: 15668: 15659: 15648: 15639: 15630: 15621: 15612: 15603: 15594: 15583: 15574: 15554: 15547: (DR) 15543: 15512: 15503: 15494: 15483: 15474: 15465: 15454: 15445: 15436: 15425: 15416: 15407: 15382: 15372: 15361: 15329: 15320: 15311: 15302: 15293: 15284: 15275: 15266: 15257: 15248: 15228: 15221: (DR) 15217: 15186: 15177: 15168: 15159: 15150: 15139: 15130: 15121: 15112: 15103: 15094: 15069: 15059: 15048: 15014: 15005: 14996: 14987: 14978: 14969: 14960: 14949: 14940: 14931: 14922: 14897: 14886: 14875: 14863: 14852: 14820: 14811: 14802: 14793: 14784: 14775: 14755: 14748: (DR) 14744: 14713: 14704: 14695: 14686: 14675: 14666: 14657: 14632: 14622: 14611: 14579: 14570: 14561: 14552: 14543: 14534: 14514: 14507: (DR) 14503: 14474: 14465: 14456: 14447: 14438: 14429: 14404: 14393: 14383: 14372: 14350: 14349: 14342: 14327: 14320: 14313: 14304: 14303: 14072:Edward MacDowell 14027:Thomas Jefferson 13962:Ulysses S. Grant 13922:Jonathan Edwards 13892:Grover Cleveland 13807:Susan B. Anthony 13768: 13761: 13754: 13745: 13744: 13705:Attorney General 13680:Secretary of War 13654: 13653: 13610: 13603: 13596: 13587: 13586: 13126: 13125: 13084: 13077: 13070: 13061: 13060: 12989:George E. Badger 12932:Attorney General 12769: 12768: 12701:1856 (Baltimore) 12688:1852 (Baltimore) 12662:1844 (Baltimore) 12596:1831 (Baltimore) 12528:Opposition Party 12472: 12465: 12458: 12449: 12448: 12359:Levi Lincoln Sr. 12351:Attorney General 12206:Levi Lincoln Sr. 12200:Thomas Jefferson 12188: 12187: 11900: 11893: 11886: 11877: 11876: 11868: 11502: 11495: 11488: 11479: 11478: 11470: 11169: 11162: 11155: 11146: 11145: 11085:Other candidates 11073:Vice President: 11055: 11054: 11031:Vice President: 11013: 11012: 10989:Vice President: 10971: 10970: 10935:Other candidates 10925:Martin Van Buren 10923:Vice President: 10904: 10903: 10898:Democratic Party 10872: 10865: 10858: 10849: 10848: 10795:Other candidates 10779:Vice President: 10761: 10760: 10739:Vice President: 10721: 10720: 10692:Vice President: 10684: 10662: 10661: 10653: 10652: 10619: 10612: 10605: 10596: 10595: 10384: 10383: 10149: 10142: 10135: 10126: 10125: 10111: 10110: 10100: 10099: 10090: 10084: 10078: 10072: 10066: 10060: 10054: 10048: 10042: 10036: 10025: 10024: 10009: 9993: 9983: 9973: 9963: 9953: 9943: 9933: 9923: 9913: 9903: 9893: 9883: 9873: 9863: 9853: 9843: 9833: 9823: 9813: 9803: 9793: 9783: 9773: 9763: 9753: 9743: 9733: 9723: 9713: 9703: 9693: 9683: 9673: 9663: 9653: 9643: 9633: 9623: 9613: 9603: 9593: 9583: 9573: 9563: 9553: 9543: 9533: 9523: 9513: 9510: 9500: 9490: 9480: 9470: 9460: 9450: 9440: 9430: 9420: 9410: 9400: 9390: 9380: 9370: 9360: 9350: 9331: 9324: 9317: 9308: 9307: 9295: 9294: 9272: 9263: 9227:Preceded by 9199:Preceded by 9193:Party abolished 9183:William Crawford 9153:Preceded by 9141:Martin Van Buren 9121:Preceded by 9102:Preceded by 9075:Preceded by 9048:Preceded by 9010:Preceded by 8977:Preceded by 8944:Preceded by 8914:William T. Barry 8911:Preceded by 8867:Elisha Mathewson 8858: 8845:Preceded by 8818:Preceded by 8813:Honorary titles 8785:Preceded by 8757:Preceded by 8750:David Meriwether 8723:Preceded by 8681:Preceded by 8650:Buckner Thruston 8647:Preceded by 8632:Buckner Thruston 8613:Preceded by 8603: 8602: 8591: 8590: 8497: 8496: 8481:Internet Archive 8413: 8376: 8357: 8331: 8302: 8288: 8276: 8265: 8235: 8207: 8179: 8112: 8090: 8052: 8033: 8014: 7995: 7976: 7957: 7936: 7917: 7884: 7855: 7818: 7797: 7785: 7774: 7763:. W. W. Norton. 7755: 7743: 7732: 7707:(3/4): 243–263. 7695: 7676: 7655: 7636: 7625:. Random House. 7624: 7613: 7601: 7590: 7569: 7532: 7513: 7503: 7492: 7480: 7469: 7460:(3/4): 495–512. 7438: 7437: 7435: 7433: 7419: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7408: 7397: 7391: 7385: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7362: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7329: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7303: 7297: 7291: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7272: 7270: 7268: 7253: 7247: 7241: 7235: 7229: 7223: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7191: 7185: 7179: 7173: 7167: 7161: 7155: 7149: 7148: 7146: 7144: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7109: 7103: 7097: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7025: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6974: 6965: 6964: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6925: 6911: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6900: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6834: 6828: 6827: 6809: 6800: 6799: 6771: 6760: 6759: 6748: 6742: 6736: 6730: 6729: 6711: 6700: 6694: 6688: 6682: 6676: 6670: 6664: 6658: 6652: 6646: 6640: 6634: 6628: 6622: 6616: 6610: 6604: 6598: 6592: 6586: 6580: 6574: 6568: 6562: 6556: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6516: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6494: 6488: 6483:John DeFerrari. 6481: 6475: 6469: 6460: 6454: 6448: 6442: 6436: 6430: 6424: 6418: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6394: 6388: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6334: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6304: 6298: 6292: 6286: 6280: 6274: 6268: 6262: 6256: 6250: 6244: 6238: 6232: 6226: 6220: 6214: 6208: 6202: 6196: 6190: 6184: 6178: 6172: 6166: 6160: 6154: 6148: 6142: 6136: 6130: 6124: 6118: 6112: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6088: 6082: 6076: 6070: 6064: 6058: 6052: 6046: 6040: 6033:"Henry Clay Oak" 6029: 6023: 6017: 6011: 6005: 5999: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5933: 5927: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5879: 5873: 5867: 5861: 5855: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5831: 5825: 5819: 5818: 5795: 5789: 5783: 5777: 5771: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5735: 5729: 5723: 5717: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5693: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5663: 5657: 5651: 5645: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5591: 5585: 5579: 5573: 5567: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5543: 5537: 5531: 5525: 5519: 5513: 5507: 5501: 5495: 5486: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5462: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5414: 5408: 5402: 5396: 5390: 5384: 5378: 5372: 5363: 5357: 5351: 5345: 5339: 5338: 5326: 5320: 5314: 5308: 5302: 5296: 5290: 5284: 5278: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5212: 5206: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5182: 5176: 5170: 5164: 5158: 5152: 5146: 5140: 5134: 5128: 5122: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5095: 5089: 5083: 5077: 5071: 5065: 5059: 5053: 5047: 5041: 5035: 5029: 5023: 5017: 5011: 5005: 4999: 4993: 4987: 4981: 4975: 4969: 4963: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4939: 4933: 4927: 4918: 4912: 4906: 4900: 4891: 4885: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4858: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4816: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4786: 4780: 4774: 4768: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4714: 4708: 4702: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4665:American Studies 4661: 4655: 4649: 4643: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4616: 4610: 4604: 4598: 4592: 4586: 4580: 4574: 4568: 4562: 4556: 4550: 4544: 4538: 4532: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4500: 4494: 4488: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4462: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4445: 4430: 4421: 4415: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4394: 4388: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4364: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4340: 4334: 4328: 4322: 4316: 4310: 4304: 4298: 4292: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4265: 4259: 4253: 4247: 4241: 4235: 4229: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4207:on July 21, 2020 4197: 4191: 4185: 4179: 4173: 4164: 4158: 4152: 4146: 4140: 4134: 4128: 4125: 4119: 4113: 4107: 4106:(2000) pp 26–36. 4100: 4094: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4064: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4005: 3995: 3986: 3985: 3977: 3971: 3970: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3884: 3873: 3864: 3858: 3852: 3846: 3840: 3834: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3810: 3804: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3774: 3768: 3762: 3756: 3750: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3712: 3706: 3697: 3696:, pp. 9–10. 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3634: 3633: 3625: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3596: 3590: 3579: 3562: 3547:Grover Cleveland 3539:Thomas Jefferson 3527: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3505: 3499: 3476: 3470: 3463: 3457: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3435: 3424: 3418: 3395: 3159: 3158: 3147: 3146: 3091:Martin Van Buren 2942:James C. Klotter 2796:Washington, D.C. 2723: 2701: 2664:Millard Fillmore 2181:Zanesville, Ohio 2161:Petticoat affair 2150: 2147: 1952: 1946: 1940: 1810:William Crawford 1752:Alexander Dallas 1701:Jonathan Russell 1542:Buckner Thruston 1314:Bluegrass region 1287: 1286: 1275: 1274: 1235: 1165:Thomas Jefferson 911: 904: 897: 886: 881: 876: 870: 723: 722: 720: 713: 708: 701: 700: 697: 696: 687: 640: 638: 586:Washington, D.C. 582: 571: 563: 561: 549:Personal details 539: 532: 517: 509:William T. Barry 505: 496: 487: 470: 458: 449: 440: 423: 411: 402: 374: 362: 353: 339: 327: 318: 304: 292: 283: 261: 249: 240: 226: 218:Buckner Thruston 214: 202: 193: 179: 167: 158: 148:David Meriwether 144: 132: 123: 101:Martin Van Buren 97: 85: 66: 42: 28: 27: 20583: 20582: 20578: 20577: 20576: 20574: 20573: 20572: 20338: 20337: 20336: 20331: 20330: 20325: 20311: 20288: 20284:O'Connor (2023) 20275:Ginsburg (2020, 20252:Blackmun (1999) 20234:Marshall (1993) 20217: 20210: 20120: 20116:Williams (2022) 20106:Sicknick (2021) 20064: 20043: 20025: 20007: 19994:Ginsburg (2020, 19989:Cummings (2019) 19975: 19896:Humphrey (1978) 19830:Pershing (1948) 19799:L'Enfant (1909) 19723: 19714: 19699: 19669: 19664: 19638: 19617: 19583: 19580:Free Soil Party 19569: 19543: 19509: 19495: 19481:John M. Clayton 19464: 19430: 19420: 19405: 19375: 19370: 19344: 19337:Vice President: 19306: 19293:James G. Birney 19277: 19255: 19226: 19192: 19178: 19147: 19106: 19096: 19081: 19051: 19046: 19020: 19013:Vice President: 18983: 18969: 18948: 18907: 18897: 18882: 18852: 18847: 18805: 18804: 18785:Hillary Clinton 18715:Michael Dukakis 18675:George McGovern 18665:Hubert Humphrey 18655:Barry Goldwater 18631:Adlai Stevenson 18617:Thomas E. Dewey 18607:Wendell Willkie 18527:Alton B. Parker 18479:James G. Blaine 18439:Horatio Seymour 18409:John C. Frémont 18243: 18238: 18208: 18203: 18198: 18197: 18186: 18177: 18168: 18159: 18150: 18141: 18132: 18123: 18114: 18103: 18094: 18081: 18080: 18069: 18058: 18055: 18046: 18041:J. R. Underwood 18037: 18015: 18014: 18005: 17996: 17987: 17978: 17969: 17960: 17951: 17942: 17933: 17924: 17911: 17904: 17899: (W) 17897:J. R. Underwood 17893: 17874: 17873: 17864: 17855: 17846: 17837: 17828: 17819: 17810: 17801: 17792: 17783: 17770: 17769: 17758: 17755: 17752:J. R. Underwood 17748: 17737: 17715: 17714: 17705: 17696: 17687: 17678: 17669: 17660: 17651: 17642: 17633: 17624: 17611: 17604: 17599: (W) 17593: 17574: 17573: 17564: 17555: 17546: 17537: 17528: 17519: 17510: 17501: 17492: 17483: 17470: 17463: 17458: (W) 17452: 17433: 17432: 17423: 17414: 17405: 17396: 17387: 17378: 17369: 17360: 17351: 17342: 17333: 17324: 17315: 17302: 17301: 17290: 17287: 17280: 17269: 17247: 17246: 17235: 17226: 17217: 17208: 17199: 17190: 17179: 17170: 17161: 17152: 17143: 17134: 17125: 17116: 17103: 17096: 17091: (W) 17085: 17066: 17065: 17056: 17047: 17038: 17029: 17020: 17011: 17002: 16993: 16984: 16975: 16966: 16957: 16948: 16935: 16928: 16923: (W) 16917: 16898: 16897: 16888: 16879: 16874:J. R. Underwood 16870: 16861: 16852: 16843: 16834: 16825: 16816: 16807: 16798: 16789: 16780: 16767: 16760: 16749: 16730: 16729: 16720: 16711: 16702: 16693: 16684: 16675: 16666: 16657: 16648: 16639: 16630: 16619: 16610: 16597: 16590: 16585: (J) 16579: 16560: 16559: 16550: 16541: 16532: 16523: 16514: 16505: 16496: 16487: 16478: 16469: 16460: 16451: 16438: 16431: 16426: (J) 16420: 16401: 16400: 16391: 16382: 16373: 16364: 16355: 16346: 16337: 16328: 16319: 16310: 16301: 16292: 16279: 16272: 16267: (J) 16261: 16242: 16241: 16230: 16219: 16208: 16199: 16190: 16181: 16172: 16161: 16152: 16143: 16134: 16125: 16116: 16107: 16096: 16083: 16076: 16071: (J) 16065: 16046: 16045: 16034: 16023: 16014: 16005: 15994: 15985: 15976: 15967: 15956: 15947: 15936: 15927: 15918: 15909: 15898: 15885: 15878: 15873: (J) 15867: 15848: 15847: 15838: 15829: 15820: 15811: 15802: 15793: 15784: 15775: 15766: 15757: 15748: 15739: 15726: 15719: 15708: 15689: 15688: 15677: 15666: 15657: 15646: 15637: 15628: 15619: 15610: 15601: 15592: 15581: 15572: 15559: 15552: 15541: 15522: 15521: 15510: 15501: 15492: 15481: 15472: 15463: 15452: 15443: 15434: 15423: 15414: 15405: 15392: 15391: 15380: 15377: 15370: 15359: 15337: 15336: 15327: 15318: 15309: 15300: 15291: 15282: 15273: 15264: 15255: 15246: 15233: 15226: 15215: 15196: 15195: 15184: 15175: 15166: 15157: 15148: 15137: 15128: 15119: 15110: 15101: 15092: 15079: 15078: 15067: 15064: 15057: 15046: 15024: 15023: 15012: 15003: 14994: 14985: 14976: 14967: 14958: 14947: 14938: 14929: 14920: 14907: 14906: 14895: 14884: 14873: 14870: 14861: 14850: 14828: 14827: 14818: 14809: 14800: 14791: 14782: 14773: 14760: 14753: 14742: 14723: 14722: 14711: 14702: 14693: 14684: 14673: 14664: 14655: 14642: 14641: 14630: 14627: 14620: 14609: 14587: 14586: 14577: 14568: 14559: 14550: 14541: 14532: 14519: 14512: 14501: 14482: 14481: 14472: 14463: 14454: 14445: 14436: 14427: 14414: 14413: 14402: 14391: 14388: 14381: 14375:J. Breckinridge 14370: 14343: 14340: 14331: 14301: 14296: 14272:Frances Willard 14207:Sylvanus Thayer 14157:Edgar Allan Poe 14142:Francis Parkman 14052:Abraham Lincoln 14032:John Paul Jones 13952:Josiah W. Gibbs 13867:Andrew Carnegie 13852:Phillips Brooks 13817:George Bancroft 13778: 13772: 13742: 13737: 13718: 13699: 13674: 13655: 13651: 13646: 13627: 13614: 13584: 13579: 13570: 13135: 13127: 13123: 13118: 13102:1781–1789 13101: 13093: 13088: 13058: 13049: 13018: 13013:John P. Kennedy 12969: 12958:Reverdy Johnson 12926: 12909:James M. Porter 12903:John C. Spencer 12891:Peter B. Porter 12871: 12848:John C. Spencer 12816: 12799:John M. Clayton 12758: 12720: 12713: 12574: 12567: 12494:American System 12485: 12476: 12446: 12437: 12388: 12377:William Pinkney 12345: 12340:John C. Calhoun 12284: 12255:Albert Gallatin 12241: 12177: 12130:Nathaniel Macon 12115: 12108: 11969: 11962: 11923:Anti-Federalism 11909: 11904: 11874: 11869: 11860: 11512: 11506: 11476: 11471: 11462: 11179: 11173: 11143: 11138: 11112: 11108:John C. Spencer 11105:Vice President: 11080: 11038: 11007:Nullifier Party 10996: 10954: 10942:Vice President: 10930: 10891: 10876: 10846: 10841: 10811: 10802:John C. Calhoun 10786: 10781:Nathaniel Macon 10746: 10741:John C. Calhoun 10706: 10694:John C. Calhoun 10646: 10638: 10623: 10593: 10588: 10409:J. Breckinridge 10385: 10381: 10376: 10158: 10153: 10123: 10118: 10088: 10082: 10076: 10070: 10064: 10058: 10052: 10046: 10040: 10034: 10026: 10022: 10017: 10007: 9991: 9981: 9971: 9961: 9951: 9941: 9931: 9921: 9911: 9901: 9891: 9881: 9871: 9861: 9851: 9841: 9831: 9821: 9811: 9801: 9791: 9781: 9771: 9761: 9751: 9741: 9731: 9721: 9711: 9701: 9691: 9681: 9671: 9661: 9651: 9641: 9631: 9621: 9611: 9601: 9591: 9581: 9571: 9561: 9551: 9541: 9531: 9521: 9511: 9508: 9498: 9488: 9478: 9468: 9458: 9448: 9438: 9428: 9418: 9408: 9398: 9388: 9378: 9368: 9358: 9348: 9340: 9335: 9300: 9292: 9287: 9258: 9247: 9232: 9219: 9204: 9175: 9171: 9158: 9143: 9134: 9126: 9115: 9107: 9097: 9088: 9080: 9070: 9061: 9053: 9038: 9029: 9023: 9015: 9005: 8996: 8990: 8982: 8972: 8963: 8957: 8949: 8939: 8930: 8924: 8916: 8899: 8897:Abraham Lincoln 8890: 8884: 8869: 8860: 8856: 8855: 8850: 8840: 8831: 8823: 8808: 8799: 8790: 8780: 8771: 8762: 8760:William Wilkins 8752: 8738: 8736: 8728: 8726:Thomas Metcalfe 8718: 8696: 8694: 8686: 8676: 8662: 8660: 8652: 8642: 8628: 8626: 8618: 8596: 8494: 8448: 8443: 8420: 8418:Primary sources 8373: 8354: 8328: 8285: 8277:. Basic Books. 8262: 8204: 8049: 8030: 8011: 7992: 7973: 7954: 7933: 7914: 7898: 7892: 7890:Further reading 7887: 7873: 7836:10.2307/3235293 7815: 7794: 7771: 7752: 7692: 7673: 7652: 7633: 7610: 7489: 7447: 7442: 7441: 7431: 7429: 7421: 7420: 7416: 7406: 7404: 7399: 7398: 7394: 7386: 7382: 7372: 7370: 7363: 7359: 7349: 7347: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7316: 7314: 7313:. December 2006 7305: 7304: 7300: 7292: 7288: 7280: 7276: 7266: 7264: 7262:Washington Post 7254: 7250: 7242: 7238: 7230: 7226: 7218: 7214: 7204: 7202: 7192: 7188: 7180: 7176: 7168: 7164: 7156: 7152: 7142: 7140: 7136: 7135: 7131: 7110: 7106: 7098: 7094: 7084: 7082: 7072: 7068: 7058: 7056: 7048: 7047: 7043: 7033: 7031: 7027: 7026: 7022: 7012: 7010: 7000: 6996: 6986: 6984: 6976: 6975: 6968: 6953: 6937: 6933: 6923: 6921: 6913: 6912: 6908: 6898: 6896: 6888: 6887: 6883: 6873: 6871: 6868:North of Center 6862: 6861: 6857: 6847: 6845: 6835: 6831: 6824: 6810: 6803: 6788: 6772: 6763: 6750: 6749: 6745: 6737: 6733: 6726: 6712: 6703: 6695: 6691: 6683: 6679: 6671: 6667: 6659: 6655: 6647: 6643: 6635: 6631: 6623: 6619: 6611: 6607: 6599: 6595: 6587: 6583: 6575: 6571: 6563: 6559: 6539: 6535: 6525: 6523: 6518: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6501: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6482: 6478: 6470: 6463: 6455: 6451: 6443: 6439: 6431: 6427: 6419: 6415: 6407: 6403: 6395: 6391: 6383: 6379: 6371: 6367: 6359: 6355: 6347: 6343: 6335: 6331: 6323: 6319: 6311: 6307: 6299: 6295: 6287: 6283: 6275: 6271: 6263: 6259: 6251: 6247: 6239: 6235: 6227: 6223: 6215: 6211: 6203: 6199: 6191: 6187: 6179: 6175: 6167: 6163: 6155: 6151: 6143: 6139: 6131: 6127: 6119: 6115: 6107: 6103: 6095: 6091: 6083: 6079: 6071: 6067: 6059: 6055: 6047: 6043: 6030: 6026: 6018: 6014: 6006: 6002: 5994: 5990: 5982: 5978: 5970: 5966: 5958: 5954: 5946: 5942: 5934: 5930: 5922: 5918: 5910: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5882: 5874: 5870: 5862: 5858: 5850: 5846: 5838: 5834: 5826: 5822: 5815: 5796: 5792: 5784: 5780: 5772: 5768: 5760: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5736: 5732: 5724: 5720: 5712: 5708: 5700: 5696: 5688: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5664: 5660: 5652: 5648: 5640: 5636: 5628: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5604: 5600: 5592: 5588: 5580: 5576: 5568: 5564: 5556: 5552: 5544: 5540: 5532: 5528: 5520: 5516: 5508: 5504: 5496: 5489: 5481: 5477: 5469: 5465: 5457: 5453: 5445: 5441: 5433: 5429: 5421: 5417: 5409: 5405: 5397: 5393: 5385: 5381: 5373: 5366: 5358: 5354: 5346: 5342: 5327: 5323: 5315: 5311: 5303: 5299: 5291: 5287: 5279: 5275: 5267: 5263: 5255: 5251: 5243: 5239: 5231: 5227: 5219: 5215: 5207: 5203: 5195: 5191: 5187:, p. 2207. 5183: 5179: 5173:Hargreaves 1985 5171: 5167: 5161:Hargreaves 1985 5159: 5155: 5147: 5143: 5135: 5131: 5123: 5116: 5108: 5104: 5096: 5092: 5084: 5080: 5072: 5068: 5060: 5056: 5048: 5044: 5038:Hargreaves 1985 5036: 5032: 5024: 5020: 5012: 5008: 5000: 4996: 4988: 4984: 4976: 4972: 4964: 4960: 4952: 4948: 4940: 4936: 4928: 4921: 4913: 4909: 4901: 4894: 4886: 4879: 4871: 4867: 4859: 4855: 4847: 4843: 4835: 4831: 4823: 4819: 4811: 4807: 4799: 4795: 4787: 4783: 4775: 4771: 4763: 4759: 4751: 4747: 4739: 4735: 4727: 4723: 4715: 4711: 4703: 4699: 4691: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4662: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4638: 4634: 4626: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4599: 4595: 4587: 4583: 4575: 4571: 4563: 4559: 4551: 4547: 4539: 4535: 4527: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4502: 4501: 4497: 4489: 4485: 4475: 4473: 4464: 4463: 4459: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4428: 4422: 4418: 4408: 4406: 4395: 4391: 4383: 4379: 4371: 4367: 4359: 4355: 4347: 4343: 4335: 4331: 4323: 4319: 4311: 4307: 4299: 4295: 4287: 4283: 4275: 4268: 4260: 4256: 4248: 4244: 4236: 4232: 4224: 4220: 4210: 4208: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4186: 4182: 4174: 4167: 4159: 4155: 4147: 4143: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4122: 4114: 4110: 4101: 4097: 4089: 4085: 4077: 4073: 4065: 4061: 4053: 4049: 4041: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4017: 4013: 4003: 4001: 3997: 3996: 3989: 3978: 3974: 3959: 3955: 3940: 3936: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3902: 3900: 3885: 3876: 3865: 3861: 3853: 3849: 3841: 3837: 3829: 3825: 3817: 3813: 3805: 3801: 3793: 3789: 3781: 3777: 3769: 3765: 3757: 3753: 3745: 3741: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3719: 3715: 3707: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3680: 3676: 3672:, pp. 4–5. 3668: 3664: 3656: 3652: 3648:, pp. 6–7. 3644: 3637: 3626: 3617: 3611:Van Deusen 1937 3609: 3605: 3597: 3593: 3580: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3565: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3515: 3506: 3502: 3477: 3473: 3464: 3460: 3451: 3447: 3442: 3438: 3425: 3421: 3396: 3392: 3387: 3362: 3357: 3219:Clay's estate, 3213: 3207: 3179:John C. Calhoun 3156: 3150:External videos 3141:Abraham Lincoln 3116: 3111: 3083:for her freedom 3079:Charlotte Dupuy 3022:Calvin Fairbank 3018:Oberlin College 2938:James G. Birney 2864:Founding Father 2860: 2843: 2837: 2835:American System 2832: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2776: 2731: 2730: 2729: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2713: 2710:Mexican Cession 2702: 2691: 2673: 2645:Mexican Cession 2601: 2587: 2571:James G. Birney 2523: 2515:Main articles: 2513: 2480: 2466: 2405: 2391: 2326: 2318:Main articles: 2316: 2274: 2268: 2252:Nicholas Biddle 2211: 2199:Main articles: 2197: 2157: 2148: 2138: 2120: 2115: 2105: 2026:Napoleonic Wars 2018:Monroe Doctrine 2013: 1999: 1987:Corrupt Bargain 1948: 1942: 1936: 1929: 1923: 1875:Spanish Florida 1848:Jesse B. Thomas 1839:James Tallmadge 1794: 1772: 1764:American System 1744:William Lowndes 1740:John C. Calhoun 1717:Treaty of Ghent 1693:Albert Gallatin 1669: 1651: 1576: 1571: 1511:Napoleonic Wars 1428: 1418: 1406:Supreme Court's 1401:Green v. Biddle 1391:Burr conspiracy 1380:Abraham Lincoln 1368:George Nicholas 1356:Native American 1343: 1338: 1330:Hereford cattle 1326:Maltese donkeys 1284: 1278:External videos 1196: 1190: 1108: 1040:corrupt bargain 1008:American System 1004:Treaty of Ghent 977:John C. Calhoun 915: 864: 851: 842:Charlotte Dupuy 827:American System 823: 805: 802: 779: 776: 772:Corrupt bargain 768: 765: 747: 744: 718: 716: 715: 714: 711: 642: 639: 1799) 634: 630: 615: 610: 603:Political party 584: 580: 566: 565: 559: 557: 534: 515: 503: 497: 492: 468: 456: 450: 445: 421: 409: 403: 398: 389: 385: 372: 360: 354: 349: 337: 325: 319: 314: 302: 290: 284: 279: 259: 247: 241: 236: 224: 212: 200: 194: 189: 177: 165: 159: 154: 142: 136:Thomas Metcalfe 130: 124: 119: 110: 95: 83: 67: 62: 45: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 20581: 20571: 20570: 20565: 20560: 20555: 20550: 20545: 20540: 20535: 20530: 20525: 20520: 20515: 20510: 20505: 20500: 20495: 20490: 20485: 20480: 20475: 20470: 20465: 20460: 20455: 20450: 20445: 20440: 20435: 20430: 20425: 20420: 20415: 20410: 20405: 20400: 20395: 20390: 20385: 20380: 20375: 20370: 20365: 20360: 20355: 20350: 20333: 20332: 20327: 20326: 20320: 20317: 20316: 20313: 20312: 20310: 20309: 20304: 20298: 20296: 20294:Senate Chamber 20290: 20289: 20287: 20286: 20281: 20272: 20270:Stevens (2019) 20267: 20262: 20254: 20249: 20247:Brennan (1997) 20244: 20236: 20231: 20222: 20220: 20212: 20211: 20209: 20208: 20196: 20188: 20180: 20172: 20160: 20152: 20143: 20141: 20132: 20130:Lain in repose 20126: 20125: 20122: 20121: 20119: 20118: 20113: 20108: 20103: 20098: 20093: 20087: 20085: 20076: 20070: 20069: 20066: 20065: 20063: 20062: 20053: 20051: 20045: 20044: 20042: 20041: 20035: 20033: 20027: 20026: 20024: 20023: 20017: 20015: 20009: 20008: 20006: 20005: 20000: 19991: 19985: 19983: 19977: 19976: 19974: 19973: 19968: 19963: 19958: 19946: 19941: 19936: 19924: 19912: 19907: 19898: 19893: 19885: 19880: 19878:Dirksen (1969) 19875: 19867: 19859: 19854: 19842: 19837: 19832: 19827: 19819: 19811: 19806: 19801: 19796: 19788: 19783: 19775: 19770: 19765: 19763:Stevens (1868) 19760: 19748: 19742: 19740: 19731: 19725: 19724: 19719: 19716: 19715: 19698: 19697: 19690: 19683: 19675: 19666: 19665: 19663: 19662: 19657: 19647: 19644: 19643: 19640: 19639: 19637: 19636: 19631: 19625: 19623: 19619: 19618: 19616: 19615: 19607: 19598: 19596: 19589: 19575: 19574: 19571: 19570: 19568: 19567: 19562: 19557: 19555:James Buchanan 19551: 19549: 19545: 19544: 19542: 19541: 19533: 19524: 19522: 19515: 19501: 19500: 19497: 19496: 19494: 19493: 19491:Daniel Webster 19488: 19486:Winfield Scott 19483: 19478: 19472: 19470: 19466: 19465: 19463: 19462: 19454: 19451:Zachary Taylor 19445: 19443: 19436: 19422: 19421: 19404: 19403: 19396: 19389: 19381: 19372: 19371: 19369: 19368: 19363: 19353: 19350: 19349: 19346: 19345: 19343: 19342: 19334: 19333: 19332: 19316: 19314: 19308: 19307: 19305: 19304: 19296: 19287: 19285: 19279: 19278: 19261: 19260: 19257: 19256: 19254: 19253: 19248: 19243: 19234: 19232: 19228: 19227: 19225: 19224: 19216: 19207: 19205: 19198: 19184: 19183: 19180: 19179: 19177: 19176: 19171: 19166: 19164:James Buchanan 19161: 19155: 19153: 19149: 19148: 19146: 19145: 19137: 19136: 19135: 19121: 19119: 19112: 19098: 19097: 19080: 19079: 19072: 19065: 19057: 19048: 19047: 19045: 19044: 19039: 19029: 19026: 19025: 19022: 19021: 19019: 19018: 19009: 19008: 18998: 18996: 18989: 18975: 18974: 18971: 18970: 18968: 18967: 18965:Winfield Scott 18962: 18956: 18954: 18950: 18949: 18947: 18946: 18938: 18937: 18936: 18922: 18920: 18913: 18899: 18898: 18881: 18880: 18873: 18866: 18858: 18849: 18848: 18846: 18845: 18835: 18825: 18814: 18811: 18810: 18807: 18806: 18803: 18802: 18792: 18782: 18772: 18762: 18752: 18742: 18732: 18722: 18712: 18705:Walter Mondale 18702: 18692: 18682: 18672: 18662: 18652: 18642: 18628: 18614: 18604: 18594: 18587:Herbert Hoover 18584: 18574: 18564: 18554: 18544: 18534: 18524: 18506: 18496: 18486: 18476: 18466: 18456: 18449:Horace Greeley 18446: 18436: 18426: 18416: 18406: 18399:Winfield Scott 18396: 18386: 18376: 18366: 18356: 18346: 18328: 18318: 18311:Andrew Jackson 18308: 18298: 18291:DeWitt Clinton 18288: 18274: 18264: 18253: 18252: 18245: 18244: 18237: 18236: 18229: 18222: 18214: 18205: 18204: 18200: 18199: 18196: 18195: 18184: 18175: 18166: 18157: 18148: 18139: 18130: 18121: 18112: 18101: 18091: 18084: 18082: 18079: 18078: 18067: 18056: 18044: 18034: 18027: 18025: 18017: 18016: 18013: 18012: 18003: 17994: 17985: 17976: 17967: 17958: 17949: 17940: 17931: 17921: 17914: 17912: 17886: 17884: 17876: 17875: 17872: 17871: 17862: 17853: 17844: 17835: 17826: 17817: 17808: 17799: 17790: 17780: 17773: 17771: 17768: 17767: 17756: 17746: 17734: 17727: 17725: 17717: 17716: 17713: 17712: 17703: 17694: 17685: 17676: 17667: 17658: 17649: 17640: 17631: 17621: 17614: 17612: 17597:J. T. Morehead 17586: 17584: 17576: 17575: 17572: 17571: 17562: 17553: 17544: 17535: 17526: 17517: 17508: 17499: 17490: 17480: 17473: 17471: 17456:J. T. Morehead 17445: 17443: 17435: 17434: 17431: 17430: 17421: 17412: 17403: 17394: 17385: 17376: 17367: 17358: 17349: 17340: 17331: 17322: 17312: 17305: 17303: 17300: 17299: 17288: 17284:J. T. Morehead 17278: 17266: 17259: 17257: 17249: 17248: 17245: 17244: 17240:J. B. Thompson 17233: 17224: 17215: 17206: 17197: 17188: 17177: 17168: 17159: 17150: 17141: 17132: 17123: 17113: 17106: 17104: 17078: 17076: 17068: 17067: 17064: 17063: 17054: 17045: 17036: 17027: 17018: 17009: 17000: 16991: 16982: 16973: 16964: 16955: 16945: 16938: 16936: 16910: 16908: 16900: 16899: 16896: 16895: 16886: 16877: 16868: 16859: 16850: 16841: 16832: 16823: 16814: 16805: 16796: 16787: 16777: 16770: 16768: 16742: 16740: 16732: 16731: 16728: 16727: 16718: 16709: 16700: 16691: 16682: 16679:T. A. Marshall 16673: 16664: 16655: 16646: 16637: 16628: 16617: 16607: 16600: 16598: 16572: 16570: 16562: 16561: 16558: 16557: 16548: 16545:T. A. Marshall 16539: 16530: 16521: 16512: 16503: 16494: 16485: 16476: 16467: 16458: 16448: 16441: 16439: 16413: 16411: 16403: 16402: 16399: 16398: 16389: 16380: 16371: 16362: 16353: 16344: 16335: 16326: 16317: 16308: 16299: 16289: 16282: 16280: 16254: 16252: 16244: 16243: 16240: 16239: 16228: 16217: 16206: 16197: 16188: 16179: 16170: 16159: 16150: 16141: 16132: 16123: 16114: 16105: 16093: 16086: 16084: 16058: 16056: 16048: 16047: 16044: 16043: 16032: 16021: 16012: 16003: 15992: 15983: 15974: 15965: 15954: 15945: 15934: 15925: 15916: 15907: 15895: 15888: 15886: 15860: 15858: 15850: 15849: 15846: 15845: 15836: 15827: 15818: 15809: 15800: 15791: 15782: 15773: 15764: 15755: 15746: 15736: 15729: 15727: 15701: 15699: 15691: 15690: 15687: 15686: 15675: 15664: 15655: 15644: 15635: 15626: 15617: 15608: 15599: 15590: 15579: 15569: 15562: 15560: 15534: 15532: 15524: 15523: 15520: 15519: 15508: 15499: 15490: 15479: 15470: 15461: 15450: 15441: 15432: 15421: 15412: 15402: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15389: 15378: 15368: 15356: 15349: 15347: 15339: 15338: 15335: 15334: 15325: 15316: 15307: 15298: 15289: 15280: 15271: 15262: 15253: 15243: 15236: 15234: 15208: 15206: 15198: 15197: 15194: 15193: 15182: 15173: 15164: 15155: 15146: 15135: 15126: 15117: 15108: 15099: 15089: 15082: 15080: 15077: 15076: 15065: 15055: 15043: 15036: 15034: 15026: 15025: 15022: 15021: 15010: 15001: 14992: 14983: 14974: 14965: 14956: 14945: 14936: 14927: 14917: 14910: 14908: 14905: 14904: 14893: 14882: 14871: 14859: 14847: 14840: 14838: 14830: 14829: 14826: 14825: 14816: 14807: 14798: 14789: 14780: 14770: 14763: 14761: 14735: 14733: 14725: 14724: 14721: 14720: 14709: 14700: 14691: 14682: 14671: 14662: 14652: 14645: 14643: 14640: 14639: 14628: 14618: 14606: 14599: 14597: 14589: 14588: 14585: 14584: 14575: 14566: 14557: 14548: 14539: 14529: 14522: 14520: 14494: 14492: 14484: 14483: 14480: 14479: 14470: 14461: 14452: 14443: 14434: 14424: 14417: 14415: 14412: 14411: 14400: 14389: 14379: 14367: 14360: 14358: 14348: 14345: 14344: 14330: 14329: 14322: 14315: 14307: 14298: 14297: 14295: 14294: 14289: 14287:Orville Wright 14284: 14282:Woodrow Wilson 14279: 14277:Roger Williams 14274: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14239: 14237:Daniel Webster 14234: 14229: 14224: 14219: 14214: 14209: 14204: 14202:Gilbert Stuart 14199: 14194: 14189: 14184: 14179: 14174: 14169: 14164: 14159: 14154: 14149: 14147:George Peabody 14144: 14139: 14134: 14129: 14124: 14119: 14114: 14109: 14104: 14102:Maria Mitchell 14099: 14094: 14089: 14084: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14064: 14059: 14054: 14049: 14044: 14039: 14034: 14029: 14024: 14019: 14017:Andrew Jackson 14014: 14009: 14004: 13999: 13994: 13989: 13984: 13979: 13974: 13969: 13964: 13959: 13954: 13949: 13944: 13939: 13937:Stephen Foster 13934: 13932:David Farragut 13929: 13924: 13919: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13862:Luther Burbank 13859: 13854: 13849: 13847:Louis Brandeis 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13824: 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13783: 13780: 13779: 13771: 13770: 13763: 13756: 13748: 13739: 13738: 13736: 13735: 13728: 13726: 13720: 13719: 13717: 13716: 13709: 13707: 13701: 13700: 13698: 13697: 13691: 13684: 13682: 13676: 13675: 13673: 13672: 13665: 13663: 13657: 13656: 13649: 13647: 13645: 13644: 13637: 13635: 13629: 13628: 13613: 13612: 13605: 13598: 13590: 13581: 13580: 13575: 13572: 13571: 13569: 13568: 13567: 13566: 13556: 13555: 13554: 13544: 13543: 13542: 13532: 13531: 13530: 13520: 13519: 13518: 13513: 13503: 13502: 13501: 13496: 13486: 13485: 13484: 13474: 13473: 13472: 13462: 13461: 13460: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13435: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13415: 13410: 13405: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13370: 13365: 13360: 13355: 13350: 13345: 13340: 13335: 13330: 13325: 13320: 13315: 13310: 13305: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13215: 13210: 13205: 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13180: 13175: 13170: 13165: 13160: 13155: 13150: 13145: 13139: 13137: 13129: 13128: 13121: 13119: 13117: 13116: 13111: 13105: 13103: 13095: 13094: 13087: 13086: 13079: 13072: 13064: 13055: 13054: 13051: 13050: 13048: 13047: 13041: 13035: 13028: 13026: 13020: 13019: 13017: 13016: 13010: 13004: 12998: 12995:Abel P. Upshur 12992: 12986: 12979: 12977: 12971: 12970: 12968: 12967: 12961: 12955: 12949: 12943: 12936: 12934: 12928: 12927: 12925: 12924: 12918: 12912: 12906: 12900: 12894: 12888: 12881: 12879: 12873: 12872: 12870: 12869: 12863: 12857: 12854:George M. Bibb 12851: 12845: 12842:Walter Forward 12839: 12833: 12826: 12824: 12818: 12817: 12815: 12814: 12811:Edward Everett 12808: 12805:Daniel Webster 12802: 12796: 12793:Abel P. Upshur 12790: 12787:Daniel Webster 12784: 12777: 12775: 12766: 12760: 12759: 12757: 12756: 12750: 12744: 12738: 12732: 12725: 12723: 12715: 12714: 12712: 12711: 12698: 12685: 12672: 12659: 12646: 12637: 12628: 12619: 12606: 12593: 12579: 12577: 12569: 12568: 12566: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12524: 12523: 12513: 12508: 12507: 12506: 12499:American Party 12496: 12490: 12487: 12486: 12475: 12474: 12467: 12460: 12452: 12443: 12442: 12439: 12438: 12436: 12435: 12429: 12426:Smith Thompson 12423: 12417: 12411: 12405: 12398: 12396: 12390: 12389: 12387: 12386: 12380: 12374: 12368: 12362: 12355: 12353: 12347: 12346: 12344: 12343: 12337: 12331: 12325: 12319: 12313: 12307: 12304:William Eustis 12301: 12298:Henry Dearborn 12294: 12292: 12286: 12285: 12283: 12282: 12276: 12270: 12264: 12258: 12251: 12249: 12243: 12242: 12240: 12239: 12233: 12227: 12221: 12215: 12209: 12203: 12196: 12194: 12185: 12179: 12178: 12176: 12175: 12169: 12163: 12160:John W. Taylor 12157: 12151: 12148:Langdon Cheves 12145: 12139: 12133: 12127: 12120: 12118: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12106: 12097: 12088: 12079: 12066: 12053: 12040: 12027: 12014: 12001: 11988: 11974: 11972: 11964: 11963: 11961: 11960: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11925: 11920: 11914: 11911: 11910: 11903: 11902: 11895: 11888: 11880: 11871: 11870: 11863: 11861: 11859: 11858: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11838: 11833: 11828: 11823: 11818: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11778: 11773: 11768: 11763: 11758: 11753: 11748: 11743: 11738: 11733: 11728: 11723: 11718: 11713: 11708: 11703: 11698: 11693: 11688: 11683: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11653: 11648: 11643: 11638: 11633: 11628: 11623: 11618: 11613: 11608: 11603: 11598: 11593: 11588: 11583: 11578: 11573: 11568: 11563: 11558: 11553: 11548: 11543: 11538: 11533: 11528: 11523: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11508:Chairs of the 11505: 11504: 11497: 11490: 11482: 11473: 11472: 11465: 11463: 11461: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11425: 11420: 11415: 11410: 11405: 11400: 11395: 11390: 11385: 11380: 11375: 11370: 11365: 11360: 11355: 11350: 11345: 11340: 11335: 11330: 11325: 11320: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11184: 11181: 11180: 11175:Chairs of the 11172: 11171: 11164: 11157: 11149: 11140: 11139: 11137: 11136: 11131: 11121: 11118: 11117: 11114: 11113: 11111: 11110: 11102: 11097: 11088: 11086: 11082: 11081: 11079: 11078: 11070: 11061: 11059: 11052: 11044: 11043: 11040: 11039: 11037: 11036: 11028: 11019: 11017: 11010: 11002: 11001: 10998: 10997: 10995: 10994: 10986: 10977: 10975: 10968: 10960: 10959: 10956: 10955: 10953: 10952: 10947: 10938: 10936: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10928: 10920: 10916:Andrew Jackson 10910: 10908: 10901: 10893: 10892: 10875: 10874: 10867: 10860: 10852: 10843: 10842: 10840: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10820: 10817: 10816: 10813: 10812: 10810: 10809: 10807:Smith Thompson 10804: 10798: 10796: 10792: 10791: 10788: 10787: 10785: 10784: 10776: 10767: 10765: 10758: 10752: 10751: 10748: 10747: 10745: 10744: 10736: 10733:Andrew Jackson 10727: 10725: 10718: 10712: 10711: 10708: 10707: 10705: 10704: 10701:Nathan Sanford 10697: 10688: 10687: 10677: 10668: 10666: 10659: 10650: 10640: 10639: 10622: 10621: 10614: 10607: 10599: 10590: 10589: 10587: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10556: 10551: 10546: 10541: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10496: 10491: 10486: 10481: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10395: 10393: 10387: 10386: 10379: 10377: 10375: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10168: 10166: 10160: 10159: 10152: 10151: 10144: 10137: 10129: 10120: 10119: 10117: 10116: 10105: 10093: 10092: 10086: 10080: 10074: 10068: 10062: 10056: 10050: 10044: 10038: 10031: 10028: 10027: 10020: 10018: 10016: 10015: 10005: 9989: 9979: 9969: 9959: 9949: 9939: 9929: 9919: 9909: 9899: 9889: 9879: 9869: 9859: 9849: 9839: 9829: 9819: 9809: 9799: 9789: 9779: 9769: 9759: 9749: 9739: 9729: 9719: 9709: 9699: 9689: 9679: 9669: 9659: 9649: 9639: 9629: 9619: 9609: 9599: 9589: 9579: 9569: 9559: 9549: 9539: 9529: 9519: 9506: 9496: 9486: 9476: 9466: 9456: 9446: 9436: 9426: 9416: 9406: 9396: 9386: 9376: 9366: 9356: 9345: 9342: 9341: 9334: 9333: 9326: 9319: 9311: 9305: 9302: 9301: 9289: 9288: 9284: 9283: 9269: 9268: 9260: 9259: 9256:Zachary Taylor 9254: 9251: 9233: 9228: 9224: 9223: 9205: 9200: 9196: 9195: 9190: 9187:Andrew Jackson 9159: 9154: 9150: 9149: 9145: 9144: 9139: 9136: 9127: 9122: 9118: 9117: 9108: 9103: 9099: 9098: 9093: 9090: 9081: 9078:Langdon Cheves 9076: 9072: 9071: 9068:Langdon Cheves 9066: 9063: 9054: 9049: 9045: 9044: 9040: 9039: 9034: 9031: 9019:Member of the 9016: 9011: 9007: 9006: 9003:Samuel Woodson 9001: 8998: 8986:Member of the 8983: 8978: 8974: 8973: 8968: 8965: 8953:Member of the 8950: 8945: 8941: 8940: 8937:Samuel Hopkins 8935: 8932: 8920:Member of the 8917: 8912: 8908: 8907: 8901: 8900: 8895: 8892: 8877: 8871: 8870: 8865: 8862: 8851: 8848:William Plumer 8846: 8842: 8841: 8836: 8833: 8824: 8819: 8815: 8814: 8810: 8809: 8804: 8801: 8791: 8786: 8782: 8781: 8778:James Buchanan 8776: 8773: 8763: 8758: 8754: 8753: 8748: 8745: 8729: 8724: 8720: 8719: 8714: 8711: 8700:George M. Bibb 8687: 8682: 8678: 8677: 8674:George M. Bibb 8672: 8669: 8653: 8648: 8644: 8643: 8638: 8635: 8619: 8614: 8610: 8609: 8601: 8598: 8597: 8588: 8587: 8573: 8567: 8561: 8555: 8552:The Contenders 8540: 8531: 8526: 8517: 8511: 8498: 8483: 8474: 8465: 8459: 8454: 8447: 8446:External links 8444: 8442: 8441: 8431: 8419: 8416: 8415: 8414: 8377: 8372:978-0312112134 8371: 8358: 8353:978-0306823923 8352: 8339: 8332: 8327:978-0801886904 8326: 8313: 8296: 8289: 8284:978-0465012886 8283: 8266: 8261:978-0700621309 8260: 8247: 8236: 8219: 8208: 8203:978-0195038774 8202: 8187: 8180: 8143: 8133: 8123: 8113: 8103:(4): 473–496. 8092: 8074: 8064: 8053: 8048:978-1476613901 8047: 8034: 8029:978-0307592699 8028: 8015: 8010:978-0231056021 8009: 7996: 7991:978-0385542548 7990: 7977: 7972:978-1439124604 7971: 7958: 7953:978-0813121475 7952: 7937: 7932:978-0813119199 7931: 7918: 7913:978-0813134109 7912: 7897: 7894: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7885: 7871: 7856: 7830:(4): 561–593. 7819: 7814:978-0700603626 7813: 7798: 7793:978-0801859137 7792: 7775: 7770:978-0393030044 7769: 7756: 7751:978-0700604005 7750: 7733: 7696: 7690: 7677: 7672:978-0195078947 7671: 7656: 7650: 7637: 7632:978-1588369956 7631: 7614: 7608: 7591: 7581:(4): 551–576. 7570: 7544:(2): 145–169. 7533: 7514: 7493: 7487: 7470: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7440: 7439: 7414: 7392: 7390:, p. 387. 7380: 7357: 7324: 7298: 7296:, p. 389. 7286: 7274: 7248: 7246:, p. 379. 7236: 7224: 7212: 7186: 7174: 7162: 7150: 7129: 7104: 7092: 7066: 7041: 7020: 6994: 6966: 6951: 6931: 6906: 6881: 6855: 6829: 6822: 6801: 6786: 6761: 6743: 6731: 6724: 6701: 6689: 6687:, p. 133. 6677: 6665: 6653: 6641: 6629: 6617: 6605: 6593: 6581: 6569: 6557: 6553:978-1598562811 6533: 6511: 6489: 6476: 6474:, p. 484. 6461: 6449: 6447:, p. 465. 6437: 6425: 6413: 6401: 6389: 6377: 6375:, p. 460. 6365: 6353: 6341: 6329: 6327:, p. 279. 6317: 6305: 6293: 6281: 6269: 6257: 6245: 6243:, p. 427. 6233: 6221: 6209: 6197: 6185: 6173: 6171:, p. 688. 6161: 6159:, p. 392. 6149: 6147:, p. 390. 6137: 6125: 6113: 6101: 6089: 6077: 6065: 6063:, p. 298. 6053: 6041: 6024: 6012: 6000: 5988: 5976: 5964: 5952: 5940: 5928: 5916: 5904: 5892: 5880: 5868: 5866:, p. 328. 5856: 5844: 5832: 5820: 5814:978-0806131283 5813: 5790: 5778: 5766: 5754: 5742: 5730: 5718: 5706: 5694: 5692:, p. 274. 5682: 5670: 5658: 5646: 5634: 5632:, p. 266. 5622: 5610: 5598: 5586: 5574: 5562: 5550: 5538: 5526: 5514: 5502: 5500:, p. 251. 5487: 5475: 5463: 5451: 5439: 5427: 5415: 5403: 5391: 5379: 5364: 5362:, p. 231. 5352: 5340: 5335:Smart Politics 5321: 5319:, p. 236. 5309: 5297: 5285: 5273: 5261: 5259:, p. 340. 5249: 5237: 5225: 5213: 5201: 5199:, p. 134. 5189: 5177: 5165: 5153: 5141: 5129: 5114: 5102: 5090: 5078: 5066: 5054: 5042: 5030: 5018: 5016:, p. 176. 5006: 4994: 4982: 4970: 4958: 4946: 4934: 4919: 4917:, p. 143. 4907: 4892: 4877: 4865: 4853: 4841: 4829: 4817: 4805: 4793: 4781: 4769: 4757: 4745: 4733: 4721: 4709: 4707:, p. 117. 4697: 4685: 4673: 4656: 4644: 4632: 4617: 4605: 4593: 4581: 4569: 4557: 4545: 4533: 4521: 4495: 4483: 4457: 4416: 4403:Smart Politics 4389: 4377: 4365: 4353: 4341: 4329: 4317: 4305: 4293: 4281: 4266: 4254: 4242: 4230: 4218: 4192: 4180: 4165: 4153: 4141: 4129: 4120: 4108: 4095: 4083: 4071: 4059: 4057:, p. 288. 4047: 4035: 4023: 4011: 3987: 3972: 3961:Webster, Ian. 3953: 3942:Webster, Ian. 3934: 3922: 3920:, p. 402. 3910: 3874: 3859: 3847: 3835: 3823: 3811: 3799: 3787: 3775: 3763: 3751: 3739: 3725: 3713: 3698: 3686: 3684:, p. 309. 3674: 3662: 3650: 3635: 3615: 3603: 3591: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3543:Andrew Jackson 3522: 3513: 3509:Henry Clay Oak 3500: 3471: 3458: 3445: 3436: 3419: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3370:brother in law 3361: 3358: 3351: 3296:Clay, Kentucky 3276:North Carolina 3209:Main article: 3206: 3203: 3199:Jacksonian Era 3187:Robert A. Taft 3175:Daniel Webster 3168: 3167: 3152: 3151: 3124:Henry S. Foote 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 2970:Times-Picayune 2859: 2856: 2839:Main article: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2816: 2792:National Hotel 2775: 2772: 2756:William Seward 2725: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2703: 2696: 2695: 2694: 2693: 2692: 2672: 2669: 2652:Zachary Taylor 2613:Zachary Taylor 2586: 2583: 2512: 2509: 2505:Tariff of 1842 2465: 2462: 2454:1840 elections 2433:Winfield Scott 2390: 2387: 2315: 2312: 2307:Tariff of 1833 2282:Tariff of 1832 2278:Tariff of 1828 2270:Main article: 2267: 2264: 2227:Indian removal 2196: 2193: 2173:Maysville Road 2156: 2153: 2119: 2116: 2104: 2101: 2093:Daniel Webster 1998: 1995: 1960:Tariff of 1824 1925:Main article: 1922: 1919: 1901:, England her 1879:Andrew Jackson 1771: 1768: 1748:Tariff of 1816 1686:William Eustis 1650: 1647: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1559:states' rights 1503:Delaware River 1499:Chesapeake Bay 1469:of Kentucky's 1417: 1414: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1322:Arabian horses 1296: 1295: 1280: 1279: 1189: 1186: 1107: 1104: 1096:Zachary Taylor 1056:Tariff of 1833 1044:Andrew Jackson 970:Daniel Webster 922:Henry Clay Sr. 917: 916: 914: 913: 906: 899: 891: 888: 887: 863: 862: 860:Lying in state 857: 850: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 822: 821: 816: 811: 803: 801: 800: 795: 790: 785: 777: 775: 774: 766: 764: 763: 758: 753: 745: 743: 742: 737: 729: 728: 725: 724: 709: 693: 692: 689: 688: 681: 677: 676: 671: 667: 666: 650:11, including 648: 644: 643: 632: 628: 627: 625: 621: 620: 604: 600: 599: 594: 590: 589: 583:(aged 75) 577: 573: 572: 564:April 12, 1777 555: 551: 550: 546: 545: 542: 541: 526: 522: 521: 518: 512: 511: 506: 500: 499: 489: 488: 481: 477: 476: 474:Samuel Woodson 471: 465: 464: 459: 453: 452: 442: 441: 434: 430: 429: 424: 418: 417: 412: 406: 405: 395: 394: 381: 380: 378:Langdon Cheves 375: 369: 368: 363: 357: 356: 346: 345: 340: 334: 333: 331:Langdon Cheves 328: 322: 321: 311: 310: 305: 299: 298: 293: 287: 286: 276: 275: 268: 267: 262: 256: 255: 250: 244: 243: 233: 232: 230:George M. Bibb 227: 221: 220: 215: 209: 208: 203: 197: 196: 186: 185: 180: 174: 173: 168: 162: 161: 151: 150: 145: 139: 138: 133: 127: 126: 116: 115: 104: 103: 98: 92: 91: 86: 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 59: 58: 51: 50: 47: 46: 43: 35: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 20580: 20569: 20566: 20564: 20561: 20559: 20556: 20554: 20551: 20549: 20546: 20544: 20541: 20539: 20536: 20534: 20531: 20529: 20526: 20524: 20521: 20519: 20516: 20514: 20511: 20509: 20506: 20504: 20501: 20499: 20496: 20494: 20491: 20489: 20486: 20484: 20481: 20479: 20476: 20474: 20471: 20469: 20466: 20464: 20461: 20459: 20456: 20454: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20444: 20441: 20439: 20436: 20434: 20431: 20429: 20426: 20424: 20421: 20419: 20416: 20414: 20411: 20409: 20406: 20404: 20401: 20399: 20396: 20394: 20391: 20389: 20386: 20384: 20381: 20379: 20376: 20374: 20371: 20369: 20366: 20364: 20361: 20359: 20356: 20354: 20351: 20349: 20346: 20345: 20343: 20323: 20318: 20308: 20305: 20303: 20300: 20299: 20297: 20295: 20291: 20285: 20282: 20279: 20276: 20273: 20271: 20268: 20266: 20265:Scalia (2016) 20263: 20261: 20259: 20255: 20253: 20250: 20248: 20245: 20243: 20241: 20237: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20228: 20224: 20223: 20221: 20219: 20213: 20206: 20203: 20201: 20197: 20195: 20193: 20189: 20187: 20185: 20181: 20179: 20177: 20173: 20170: 20167: 20165: 20161: 20159: 20157: 20153: 20151: 20149: 20145: 20144: 20142: 20140: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20127: 20117: 20114: 20112: 20109: 20107: 20104: 20102: 20101:Graham (2018) 20099: 20097: 20094: 20092: 20089: 20088: 20086: 20084: 20080: 20077: 20075: 20074:Lain in honor 20071: 20061: 20059: 20055: 20054: 20052: 20050: 20046: 20040: 20037: 20036: 20034: 20032: 20028: 20022: 20021:Hooper (1875) 20019: 20018: 20016: 20014: 20013:House Chamber 20010: 20004: 20001: 19998: 19995: 19992: 19990: 19987: 19986: 19984: 19982: 19978: 19972: 19969: 19967: 19964: 19962: 19959: 19956: 19953: 19951: 19947: 19945: 19944:McCain (2018) 19942: 19940: 19939:Inouye (2012) 19937: 19934: 19931: 19929: 19925: 19922: 19919: 19917: 19913: 19911: 19910:Pepper (1989) 19908: 19906: 19902: 19899: 19897: 19894: 19892: 19890: 19886: 19884: 19881: 19879: 19876: 19874: 19872: 19868: 19866: 19864: 19860: 19858: 19855: 19852: 19849: 19847: 19843: 19841: 19838: 19836: 19833: 19831: 19828: 19826: 19824: 19820: 19818: 19816: 19812: 19810: 19807: 19805: 19802: 19800: 19797: 19795: 19793: 19789: 19787: 19784: 19782: 19780: 19776: 19774: 19773:Wilson (1875) 19771: 19769: 19768:Sumner (1874) 19766: 19764: 19761: 19758: 19755: 19753: 19749: 19747: 19744: 19743: 19741: 19739: 19735: 19732: 19730: 19729:Lain in state 19726: 19722: 19717: 19712: 19708: 19704: 19703:lain in state 19696: 19691: 19689: 19684: 19682: 19677: 19676: 19673: 19661: 19658: 19656: 19652: 19649: 19648: 19645: 19635: 19632: 19630: 19627: 19626: 19624: 19620: 19614: 19613: 19608: 19606: 19605: 19600: 19599: 19597: 19593: 19590: 19587: 19582: 19581: 19576: 19566: 19563: 19561: 19560:Levi Woodbury 19558: 19556: 19553: 19552: 19550: 19546: 19540: 19539: 19534: 19532: 19531: 19526: 19525: 19523: 19519: 19516: 19513: 19508: 19507: 19502: 19492: 19489: 19487: 19484: 19482: 19479: 19477: 19474: 19473: 19471: 19467: 19461: 19460: 19455: 19453: 19452: 19447: 19446: 19444: 19440: 19437: 19434: 19429: 19428: 19423: 19418: 19414: 19410: 19402: 19397: 19395: 19390: 19388: 19383: 19382: 19379: 19367: 19364: 19362: 19358: 19355: 19354: 19351: 19341: 19340:Sidney Rigdon 19338: 19335: 19331: 19328: 19327: 19326: 19325: 19321: 19318: 19317: 19315: 19313: 19309: 19303: 19302: 19301:Thomas Morris 19297: 19295: 19294: 19289: 19288: 19286: 19284: 19283:Liberty Party 19280: 19275: 19271: 19266: 19262: 19252: 19251:John Sargeant 19249: 19247: 19244: 19242: 19239: 19236: 19235: 19233: 19229: 19223: 19222: 19217: 19215: 19214: 19209: 19208: 19206: 19202: 19199: 19196: 19191: 19190: 19185: 19175: 19172: 19170: 19167: 19165: 19162: 19160: 19157: 19156: 19154: 19150: 19144: 19143: 19138: 19134: 19131: 19130: 19129: 19128: 19127:James K. Polk 19123: 19122: 19120: 19116: 19113: 19110: 19105: 19104: 19099: 19094: 19090: 19086: 19078: 19073: 19071: 19066: 19064: 19059: 19058: 19055: 19043: 19040: 19038: 19034: 19031: 19030: 19027: 19017: 19014: 19011: 19010: 19006: 19005: 19000: 18999: 18997: 18993: 18990: 18987: 18982: 18981: 18976: 18966: 18963: 18961: 18958: 18957: 18955: 18951: 18945: 18944: 18939: 18935: 18932: 18931: 18930: 18929: 18924: 18923: 18921: 18917: 18914: 18911: 18906: 18905: 18900: 18895: 18891: 18887: 18879: 18874: 18872: 18867: 18865: 18860: 18859: 18856: 18844: 18836: 18834: 18826: 18824: 18816: 18815: 18812: 18800: 18796: 18793: 18790: 18786: 18783: 18780: 18776: 18773: 18770: 18766: 18763: 18760: 18756: 18753: 18750: 18746: 18743: 18740: 18736: 18733: 18730: 18726: 18723: 18720: 18716: 18713: 18710: 18706: 18703: 18700: 18696: 18693: 18690: 18686: 18683: 18680: 18676: 18673: 18670: 18666: 18663: 18660: 18656: 18653: 18650: 18646: 18645:Richard Nixon 18643: 18640: 18636: 18632: 18629: 18626: 18622: 18618: 18615: 18612: 18608: 18605: 18602: 18598: 18595: 18592: 18588: 18585: 18582: 18578: 18575: 18572: 18568: 18567:John W. Davis 18565: 18562: 18558: 18555: 18552: 18548: 18545: 18542: 18538: 18535: 18532: 18528: 18525: 18522: 18518: 18514: 18510: 18507: 18504: 18500: 18497: 18494: 18490: 18487: 18484: 18480: 18477: 18474: 18470: 18467: 18464: 18460: 18457: 18454: 18450: 18447: 18444: 18440: 18437: 18434: 18430: 18427: 18424: 18420: 18417: 18414: 18410: 18407: 18404: 18400: 18397: 18394: 18390: 18387: 18384: 18380: 18377: 18374: 18370: 18367: 18364: 18360: 18357: 18354: 18350: 18347: 18344: 18340: 18336: 18332: 18329: 18326: 18322: 18319: 18316: 18312: 18309: 18306: 18302: 18299: 18296: 18292: 18289: 18286: 18282: 18278: 18275: 18272: 18268: 18265: 18262: 18258: 18255: 18254: 18250: 18246: 18242: 18235: 18230: 18228: 18223: 18221: 18216: 18215: 18212: 18193: 18192: 18185: 18182: 18176: 18173: 18167: 18164: 18158: 18155: 18149: 18146: 18140: 18137: 18131: 18128: 18122: 18119: 18113: 18110: 18109: 18102: 18099: 18093: 18092: 18090: 18088: 18083: 18076: 18075: 18068: 18065: 18064: 18063:D. Meriwether 18057: 18053: 18052: 18045: 18042: 18036: 18035: 18033: 18031: 18026: 18024: 18023: 18019: 18018: 18010: 18004: 18001: 17995: 17992: 17986: 17983: 17977: 17974: 17973:J. L. Johnson 17968: 17965: 17959: 17956: 17950: 17947: 17941: 17938: 17932: 17929: 17923: 17922: 17920: 17918: 17913: 17909: 17902: 17898: 17892: 17890: 17885: 17883: 17882: 17878: 17877: 17869: 17863: 17860: 17854: 17851: 17845: 17842: 17836: 17833: 17827: 17824: 17818: 17815: 17809: 17806: 17800: 17797: 17791: 17788: 17782: 17781: 17779: 17777: 17772: 17765: 17764: 17757: 17753: 17747: 17744: 17743: 17742:J. Crittenden 17736: 17735: 17733: 17731: 17726: 17724: 17723: 17719: 17718: 17710: 17704: 17701: 17695: 17692: 17686: 17683: 17677: 17674: 17668: 17665: 17659: 17656: 17650: 17647: 17641: 17638: 17632: 17629: 17623: 17622: 17620: 17618: 17613: 17609: 17608:J. Crittenden 17602: 17598: 17592: 17590: 17585: 17583: 17582: 17578: 17577: 17569: 17563: 17560: 17554: 17551: 17545: 17542: 17536: 17533: 17527: 17524: 17518: 17515: 17509: 17506: 17500: 17497: 17491: 17488: 17482: 17481: 17479: 17477: 17472: 17468: 17467:J. Crittenden 17461: 17457: 17451: 17449: 17444: 17442: 17441: 17437: 17436: 17428: 17422: 17419: 17413: 17410: 17404: 17401: 17395: 17392: 17386: 17383: 17377: 17374: 17368: 17365: 17359: 17356: 17350: 17347: 17341: 17338: 17332: 17329: 17323: 17320: 17314: 17313: 17311: 17309: 17304: 17297: 17296: 17295:J. Crittenden 17289: 17285: 17279: 17276: 17275: 17268: 17267: 17265: 17263: 17258: 17256: 17255: 17251: 17250: 17242: 17241: 17234: 17231: 17225: 17222: 17216: 17213: 17207: 17204: 17198: 17195: 17189: 17186: 17185: 17178: 17175: 17169: 17166: 17160: 17157: 17151: 17148: 17142: 17139: 17133: 17130: 17124: 17121: 17115: 17114: 17112: 17110: 17105: 17101: 17100:J. Crittenden 17094: 17090: 17084: 17082: 17077: 17075: 17074: 17070: 17069: 17061: 17055: 17052: 17046: 17043: 17037: 17034: 17028: 17025: 17019: 17016: 17010: 17007: 17001: 16998: 16992: 16989: 16983: 16980: 16974: 16971: 16965: 16962: 16956: 16953: 16947: 16946: 16944: 16942: 16937: 16933: 16932:J. Crittenden 16926: 16922: 16916: 16914: 16909: 16907: 16906: 16902: 16901: 16893: 16887: 16884: 16878: 16875: 16869: 16866: 16860: 16857: 16851: 16848: 16842: 16839: 16833: 16830: 16824: 16821: 16815: 16812: 16806: 16803: 16797: 16794: 16788: 16785: 16784:R. M. Johnson 16779: 16778: 16776: 16774: 16769: 16765: 16764:J. Crittenden 16758: 16754: 16748: 16746: 16741: 16739: 16738: 16734: 16733: 16725: 16719: 16716: 16710: 16707: 16701: 16698: 16692: 16689: 16683: 16680: 16674: 16671: 16665: 16662: 16656: 16653: 16647: 16644: 16638: 16635: 16629: 16626: 16625: 16618: 16615: 16614:R. M. Johnson 16609: 16608: 16606: 16604: 16599: 16595: 16588: 16584: 16578: 16576: 16571: 16569: 16568: 16564: 16563: 16555: 16549: 16546: 16540: 16537: 16531: 16528: 16522: 16519: 16513: 16510: 16504: 16501: 16495: 16492: 16486: 16483: 16477: 16474: 16468: 16465: 16459: 16456: 16455:R. M. Johnson 16450: 16449: 16447: 16445: 16440: 16436: 16429: 16425: 16419: 16417: 16412: 16410: 16409: 16405: 16404: 16396: 16390: 16387: 16381: 16378: 16372: 16369: 16363: 16360: 16354: 16351: 16345: 16342: 16336: 16333: 16327: 16324: 16318: 16315: 16309: 16306: 16300: 16297: 16296:R. M. Johnson 16291: 16290: 16288: 16286: 16281: 16277: 16270: 16266: 16260: 16258: 16253: 16251: 16250: 16246: 16245: 16237: 16236: 16229: 16226: 16225: 16218: 16215: 16214: 16207: 16204: 16198: 16195: 16189: 16186: 16180: 16177: 16171: 16168: 16167: 16160: 16157: 16151: 16148: 16142: 16139: 16133: 16130: 16124: 16121: 16115: 16112: 16106: 16103: 16102: 16095: 16094: 16092: 16090: 16085: 16081: 16074: 16070: 16069:R. M. Johnson 16064: 16062: 16057: 16055: 16054: 16050: 16049: 16041: 16040: 16033: 16030: 16029: 16022: 16019: 16013: 16010: 16004: 16001: 16000: 15993: 15990: 15984: 15981: 15975: 15972: 15966: 15963: 15962: 15955: 15952: 15946: 15943: 15942: 15935: 15932: 15926: 15923: 15917: 15914: 15908: 15905: 15904: 15897: 15896: 15894: 15892: 15887: 15883: 15876: 15872: 15871:R. M. Johnson 15866: 15864: 15859: 15857: 15856: 15852: 15851: 15843: 15837: 15834: 15828: 15825: 15819: 15816: 15810: 15807: 15801: 15798: 15792: 15789: 15783: 15780: 15779:J. T. Johnson 15774: 15771: 15765: 15762: 15756: 15753: 15747: 15744: 15738: 15737: 15735: 15733: 15728: 15724: 15717: 15713: 15712:R. M. Johnson 15707: 15705: 15700: 15698: 15697: 15693: 15692: 15684: 15683: 15676: 15673: 15672: 15665: 15662: 15656: 15653: 15652: 15645: 15642: 15641:J. T. Johnson 15636: 15633: 15627: 15624: 15618: 15615: 15614:T. Montgomery 15609: 15606: 15600: 15597: 15591: 15588: 15587: 15580: 15577: 15571: 15570: 15568: 15566: 15561: 15557: 15550: 15546: 15545:R. M. Johnson 15540: 15538: 15533: 15531: 15530: 15526: 15525: 15517: 15516: 15509: 15506: 15500: 15497: 15491: 15488: 15487: 15486:T. Montgomery 15480: 15477: 15471: 15468: 15462: 15459: 15458: 15451: 15448: 15442: 15439: 15433: 15430: 15429: 15422: 15419: 15413: 15410: 15404: 15403: 15401: 15399: 15394: 15387: 15386: 15379: 15375: 15374:R. M. Johnson 15369: 15366: 15365: 15358: 15357: 15355: 15353: 15348: 15346: 15345: 15341: 15340: 15332: 15326: 15323: 15317: 15314: 15308: 15305: 15299: 15296: 15290: 15287: 15281: 15278: 15272: 15269: 15268:R. M. Johnson 15263: 15260: 15254: 15251: 15245: 15244: 15242: 15240: 15235: 15231: 15230:J. Crittenden 15224: 15220: 15214: 15212: 15207: 15205: 15204: 15200: 15199: 15191: 15190: 15183: 15180: 15174: 15171: 15165: 15162: 15156: 15153: 15147: 15144: 15143: 15136: 15133: 15127: 15124: 15118: 15115: 15109: 15106: 15105:R. M. Johnson 15100: 15097: 15091: 15090: 15088: 15086: 15081: 15074: 15073: 15066: 15062: 15056: 15053: 15052: 15045: 15044: 15042: 15040: 15035: 15033: 15032: 15028: 15027: 15019: 15018: 15011: 15008: 15002: 14999: 14998:T. Montgomery 14993: 14990: 14984: 14981: 14975: 14972: 14966: 14963: 14957: 14954: 14953: 14946: 14943: 14937: 14934: 14933:R. M. Johnson 14928: 14925: 14919: 14918: 14916: 14914: 14909: 14902: 14901: 14894: 14891: 14890: 14883: 14880: 14879: 14872: 14868: 14867: 14860: 14857: 14856: 14849: 14848: 14846: 14844: 14839: 14837: 14836: 14832: 14831: 14823: 14817: 14814: 14808: 14805: 14799: 14796: 14795:R. M. Johnson 14790: 14787: 14781: 14778: 14772: 14771: 14769: 14767: 14762: 14758: 14751: 14747: 14741: 14739: 14734: 14732: 14731: 14727: 14726: 14718: 14717: 14710: 14707: 14701: 14698: 14692: 14689: 14688:R. M. Johnson 14683: 14680: 14679: 14672: 14669: 14663: 14660: 14654: 14653: 14651: 14649: 14644: 14637: 14636: 14629: 14625: 14619: 14616: 14615: 14608: 14607: 14605: 14603: 14598: 14596: 14595: 14591: 14590: 14582: 14576: 14573: 14572:R. M. Johnson 14567: 14564: 14558: 14555: 14549: 14546: 14540: 14537: 14531: 14530: 14528: 14526: 14521: 14517: 14510: 14506: 14500: 14498: 14493: 14491: 14490: 14486: 14485: 14477: 14471: 14468: 14462: 14459: 14453: 14450: 14444: 14441: 14435: 14432: 14426: 14425: 14423: 14421: 14416: 14409: 14408: 14401: 14398: 14397: 14390: 14386: 14380: 14377: 14376: 14369: 14368: 14366: 14364: 14359: 14357: 14356: 14352: 14351: 14346: 14339: 14335: 14328: 14323: 14321: 14316: 14314: 14309: 14308: 14305: 14293: 14292:Wilbur Wright 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14273: 14270: 14268: 14265: 14263: 14260: 14258: 14255: 14253: 14250: 14248: 14245: 14243: 14240: 14238: 14235: 14233: 14230: 14228: 14225: 14223: 14220: 14218: 14215: 14213: 14210: 14208: 14205: 14203: 14200: 14198: 14195: 14193: 14190: 14188: 14185: 14183: 14180: 14178: 14175: 14173: 14170: 14168: 14165: 14163: 14160: 14158: 14155: 14153: 14150: 14148: 14145: 14143: 14140: 14138: 14135: 14133: 14130: 14128: 14127:Simon Newcomb 14125: 14123: 14120: 14118: 14115: 14113: 14110: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14088: 14087:John Marshall 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14077:James Madison 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14058: 14055: 14053: 14050: 14048: 14047:Robert E. Lee 14045: 14043: 14042:Sidney Lanier 14040: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14030: 14028: 14025: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13993: 13990: 13988: 13987:Patrick Henry 13985: 13983: 13980: 13978: 13975: 13973: 13970: 13968: 13965: 13963: 13960: 13958: 13955: 13953: 13950: 13948: 13947:Robert Fulton 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13925: 13923: 13920: 13918: 13915: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13848: 13845: 13843: 13840: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13830: 13828: 13825: 13823: 13820: 13818: 13815: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13803: 13802:Louis Agassiz 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13790: 13788: 13785: 13784: 13781: 13776: 13769: 13764: 13762: 13757: 13755: 13750: 13749: 13746: 13733: 13730: 13729: 13727: 13725: 13721: 13714: 13711: 13710: 13708: 13706: 13702: 13695: 13692: 13689: 13688:James Barbour 13686: 13685: 13683: 13681: 13677: 13670: 13667: 13666: 13664: 13662: 13658: 13642: 13639: 13638: 13636: 13634: 13630: 13625: 13622: 13618: 13611: 13606: 13604: 13599: 13597: 13592: 13591: 13588: 13578: 13573: 13565: 13562: 13561: 13560: 13557: 13553: 13550: 13549: 13548: 13545: 13541: 13538: 13537: 13536: 13533: 13529: 13526: 13525: 13524: 13521: 13517: 13514: 13512: 13509: 13508: 13507: 13504: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13491: 13490: 13487: 13483: 13480: 13479: 13478: 13475: 13471: 13468: 13467: 13466: 13463: 13459: 13456: 13455: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13436: 13434: 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13416: 13414: 13411: 13409: 13406: 13404: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13394: 13391: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13354: 13351: 13349: 13346: 13344: 13341: 13339: 13336: 13334: 13331: 13329: 13326: 13324: 13321: 13319: 13316: 13314: 13311: 13309: 13306: 13304: 13301: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13283:Frelinghuysen 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13229: 13226: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13214: 13211: 13209: 13206: 13204: 13201: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13193:E. Livingston 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13161: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13144: 13141: 13140: 13138: 13134: 13130: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13109:R. Livingston 13107: 13106: 13104: 13100: 13096: 13092: 13085: 13080: 13078: 13073: 13071: 13066: 13065: 13062: 13045: 13042: 13039: 13036: 13033: 13030: 13029: 13027: 13025: 13021: 13014: 13011: 13008: 13005: 13002: 12999: 12996: 12993: 12990: 12987: 12984: 12981: 12980: 12978: 12976: 12972: 12965: 12962: 12959: 12956: 12953: 12950: 12947: 12944: 12941: 12938: 12937: 12935: 12933: 12929: 12922: 12919: 12916: 12913: 12910: 12907: 12904: 12901: 12898: 12895: 12892: 12889: 12886: 12885:James Barbour 12883: 12882: 12880: 12878: 12874: 12867: 12866:Thomas Corwin 12864: 12861: 12858: 12855: 12852: 12849: 12846: 12843: 12840: 12837: 12834: 12831: 12828: 12827: 12825: 12823: 12819: 12812: 12809: 12806: 12803: 12800: 12797: 12794: 12791: 12788: 12785: 12782: 12779: 12778: 12776: 12774: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12761: 12754: 12751: 12748: 12745: 12742: 12739: 12736: 12733: 12730: 12727: 12726: 12724: 12722: 12716: 12710: 12706: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12693: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12680: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12670:Frelinghuysen 12667: 12663: 12660: 12658: 12654: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12641: 12638: 12636: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12614: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12601: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12588: 12584: 12581: 12580: 12578: 12576: 12570: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12522: 12519: 12518: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12505: 12502: 12501: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12491: 12488: 12484: 12480: 12473: 12468: 12466: 12461: 12459: 12454: 12453: 12450: 12433: 12430: 12427: 12424: 12421: 12418: 12415: 12414:William Jones 12412: 12409: 12408:Paul Hamilton 12406: 12403: 12400: 12399: 12397: 12395: 12391: 12384: 12381: 12378: 12375: 12372: 12369: 12366: 12363: 12360: 12357: 12356: 12354: 12352: 12348: 12341: 12338: 12335: 12334:George Graham 12332: 12329: 12326: 12323: 12320: 12317: 12314: 12311: 12308: 12305: 12302: 12299: 12296: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12287: 12280: 12277: 12274: 12273:William Jones 12271: 12268: 12265: 12262: 12259: 12256: 12253: 12252: 12250: 12248: 12244: 12237: 12234: 12231: 12228: 12225: 12222: 12219: 12216: 12213: 12212:James Madison 12210: 12207: 12204: 12201: 12198: 12197: 12195: 12193: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12180: 12173: 12170: 12167: 12164: 12161: 12158: 12155: 12152: 12149: 12146: 12143: 12140: 12137: 12134: 12131: 12128: 12125: 12122: 12121: 12119: 12117: 12111: 12105: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12074: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12061: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12048: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12035: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12022: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12009: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11996: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11983: 11979: 11976: 11975: 11973: 11971: 11965: 11959: 11958:Tertium quids 11956: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11915: 11912: 11908: 11901: 11896: 11894: 11889: 11887: 11882: 11881: 11878: 11867: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11777: 11774: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11752: 11749: 11747: 11744: 11742: 11739: 11737: 11734: 11732: 11729: 11727: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11712: 11709: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11697: 11694: 11692: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11682: 11679: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11669: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11644: 11642: 11639: 11637: 11634: 11632: 11629: 11627: 11624: 11622: 11619: 11617: 11614: 11612: 11609: 11607: 11604: 11602: 11599: 11597: 11594: 11592: 11589: 11587: 11584: 11582: 11579: 11577: 11574: 11572: 11569: 11567: 11564: 11562: 11559: 11557: 11554: 11552: 11549: 11547: 11544: 11542: 11539: 11537: 11534: 11532: 11529: 11527: 11524: 11522: 11519: 11518: 11515: 11511: 11503: 11498: 11496: 11491: 11489: 11484: 11483: 11480: 11469: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11424: 11421: 11419: 11416: 11414: 11411: 11409: 11406: 11404: 11401: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11279: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11185: 11182: 11178: 11170: 11165: 11163: 11158: 11156: 11151: 11150: 11147: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11126: 11123: 11122: 11119: 11109: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11090: 11089: 11087: 11083: 11077: 11076: 11075:Amos Ellmaker 11071: 11069: 11068: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11050: 11045: 11035: 11034: 11029: 11027: 11026: 11021: 11020: 11018: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11008: 11003: 10993: 10992: 10991:John Sergeant 10987: 10985: 10984: 10979: 10978: 10976: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10966: 10961: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10940: 10939: 10937: 10933: 10927: 10926: 10921: 10918: 10917: 10912: 10911: 10909: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10899: 10894: 10889: 10885: 10881: 10873: 10868: 10866: 10861: 10859: 10854: 10853: 10850: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10822: 10821: 10818: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10799: 10797: 10793: 10783: 10782: 10777: 10775: 10774: 10769: 10768: 10766: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10756:Tertium quids 10753: 10743: 10742: 10737: 10735: 10734: 10729: 10728: 10726: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10713: 10703: 10702: 10698: 10696: 10695: 10690: 10689: 10683: 10682: 10678: 10676: 10675: 10670: 10669: 10667: 10663: 10660: 10658: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10648: 10641: 10636: 10632: 10628: 10620: 10615: 10613: 10608: 10606: 10601: 10600: 10597: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10552: 10550: 10547: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10485: 10482: 10480: 10477: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10396: 10394: 10392: 10388: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10169: 10167: 10165: 10161: 10157: 10150: 10145: 10143: 10138: 10136: 10131: 10130: 10127: 10115: 10106: 10104: 10095: 10094: 10087: 10081: 10075: 10069: 10063: 10057: 10051: 10045: 10039: 10033: 10032: 10029: 10013: 10006: 10003: 10000: (2023, 9999: 9998: 9990: 9987: 9980: 9977: 9970: 9967: 9960: 9957: 9950: 9947: 9940: 9937: 9930: 9927: 9920: 9917: 9910: 9907: 9900: 9897: 9890: 9887: 9880: 9877: 9870: 9867: 9860: 9857: 9850: 9847: 9840: 9837: 9830: 9827: 9820: 9817: 9810: 9807: 9800: 9797: 9790: 9787: 9780: 9777: 9770: 9767: 9760: 9757: 9750: 9747: 9740: 9737: 9730: 9727: 9720: 9717: 9710: 9707: 9700: 9697: 9690: 9687: 9680: 9677: 9670: 9667: 9660: 9657: 9650: 9647: 9640: 9637: 9630: 9627: 9620: 9617: 9610: 9607: 9600: 9597: 9590: 9587: 9580: 9577: 9570: 9567: 9560: 9557: 9550: 9547: 9540: 9537: 9530: 9527: 9520: 9517: 9507: 9504: 9497: 9494: 9487: 9484: 9477: 9474: 9467: 9464: 9457: 9454: 9447: 9444: 9437: 9434: 9427: 9424: 9417: 9414: 9407: 9404: 9397: 9394: 9387: 9384: 9377: 9374: 9367: 9364: 9357: 9354: 9347: 9346: 9343: 9339: 9332: 9327: 9325: 9320: 9318: 9313: 9312: 9309: 9303: 9296: 9280: 9279:1824 election 9277:split in the 9276: 9270: 9266: 9261: 9257: 9250: 9246: 9245: 9241: 9238: 9231: 9225: 9222: 9218: 9217: 9213: 9210: 9203: 9197: 9194: 9189: 9188: 9184: 9180: 9174: 9170: 9168: 9164: 9157: 9151: 9146: 9142: 9133: 9132: 9125: 9119: 9114: 9113: 9106: 9100: 9096: 9087: 9086: 9079: 9073: 9069: 9060: 9059: 9052: 9051:Joseph Varnum 9046: 9041: 9037: 9028: 9027: 9022: 9014: 9008: 9004: 8995: 8994: 8989: 8981: 8975: 8971: 8962: 8961: 8956: 8948: 8942: 8938: 8929: 8928: 8923: 8915: 8909: 8906: 8902: 8898: 8891:July 1, 1852 8889: 8888: 8883: 8876: 8872: 8868: 8859: 8849: 8843: 8839: 8830: 8829: 8822: 8816: 8811: 8807: 8798: 8797: 8794:Chair of the 8789: 8783: 8779: 8770: 8769: 8766:Chair of the 8761: 8755: 8751: 8744: 8743: 8735: 8734: 8727: 8721: 8717: 8710: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8693: 8692: 8685: 8679: 8675: 8668: 8667: 8659: 8658: 8651: 8645: 8641: 8634: 8633: 8625: 8624: 8617: 8611: 8608: 8604: 8599: 8592: 8585: 8581: 8580:Henry Russell 8577: 8574: 8571: 8568: 8565: 8562: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8509: 8504: 8503: 8499: 8491: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8469: 8466: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8449: 8440: 8436: 8433:Clay, Henry. 8432: 8430: 8426: 8423:Clay, Henry. 8422: 8421: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8399: 8395: 8391: 8387: 8383: 8378: 8374: 8368: 8364: 8359: 8355: 8349: 8345: 8340: 8337: 8333: 8329: 8323: 8319: 8314: 8311: 8310: 8305: 8301: 8297: 8294: 8290: 8286: 8280: 8275: 8274: 8267: 8263: 8257: 8253: 8248: 8245: 8241: 8237: 8233: 8229: 8225: 8220: 8217: 8213: 8209: 8205: 8199: 8195: 8194: 8188: 8185: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8144: 8142: 8138: 8134: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8122: 8118: 8114: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8075: 8073: 8069: 8065: 8062: 8061:online review 8058: 8054: 8050: 8044: 8041:. McFarland. 8040: 8035: 8031: 8025: 8021: 8016: 8012: 8006: 8002: 7997: 7993: 7987: 7983: 7978: 7974: 7968: 7964: 7959: 7955: 7949: 7945: 7944: 7938: 7934: 7928: 7924: 7919: 7915: 7909: 7905: 7900: 7899: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7872:9780313207174 7868: 7864: 7863: 7857: 7853: 7849: 7845: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7825: 7820: 7816: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7799: 7795: 7789: 7784: 7783: 7776: 7772: 7766: 7762: 7757: 7753: 7747: 7742: 7741: 7734: 7730: 7726: 7722: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7706: 7702: 7697: 7693: 7691:9780190498047 7687: 7683: 7678: 7674: 7668: 7664: 7663: 7657: 7653: 7651:9780199772032 7647: 7643: 7638: 7634: 7628: 7623: 7622: 7615: 7611: 7609:9780700602728 7605: 7600: 7599: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7559: 7555: 7551: 7547: 7543: 7539: 7534: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7521: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7502: 7501: 7494: 7490: 7484: 7479: 7478: 7471: 7467: 7463: 7459: 7455: 7450: 7449: 7432:September 27, 7428: 7424: 7418: 7402: 7396: 7389: 7384: 7368: 7361: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7312: 7308: 7302: 7295: 7290: 7283: 7278: 7263: 7259: 7252: 7245: 7240: 7233: 7228: 7221: 7216: 7201: 7197: 7190: 7183: 7178: 7171: 7166: 7159: 7154: 7139: 7133: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7116: 7108: 7101: 7096: 7081: 7077: 7070: 7055: 7051: 7045: 7030: 7024: 7009: 7005: 6998: 6983: 6979: 6973: 6971: 6962: 6958: 6954: 6948: 6944: 6943: 6935: 6920: 6916: 6910: 6895: 6891: 6885: 6869: 6865: 6859: 6844: 6840: 6833: 6825: 6819: 6815: 6808: 6806: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6783: 6779: 6778: 6770: 6768: 6766: 6757: 6753: 6747: 6740: 6735: 6727: 6721: 6717: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6698: 6693: 6686: 6681: 6674: 6669: 6662: 6657: 6650: 6645: 6638: 6633: 6626: 6621: 6614: 6609: 6602: 6597: 6590: 6585: 6578: 6573: 6566: 6561: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6537: 6521: 6515: 6499: 6493: 6486: 6480: 6473: 6468: 6466: 6458: 6453: 6446: 6441: 6434: 6429: 6422: 6417: 6410: 6405: 6398: 6393: 6386: 6381: 6374: 6369: 6362: 6357: 6350: 6345: 6338: 6333: 6326: 6321: 6314: 6309: 6302: 6297: 6290: 6285: 6278: 6273: 6266: 6261: 6254: 6249: 6242: 6237: 6230: 6225: 6218: 6213: 6206: 6201: 6194: 6193:Peterson 1989 6189: 6182: 6177: 6170: 6165: 6158: 6153: 6146: 6141: 6134: 6129: 6122: 6117: 6110: 6105: 6098: 6093: 6086: 6085:Peterson 1989 6081: 6074: 6069: 6062: 6057: 6050: 6045: 6038: 6034: 6028: 6021: 6016: 6009: 6004: 5997: 5992: 5985: 5980: 5973: 5972:Peterson 1989 5968: 5961: 5956: 5949: 5944: 5937: 5932: 5925: 5920: 5913: 5908: 5901: 5896: 5889: 5884: 5877: 5872: 5865: 5860: 5853: 5848: 5841: 5836: 5829: 5824: 5816: 5810: 5806: 5805: 5800: 5794: 5787: 5782: 5775: 5770: 5763: 5758: 5751: 5746: 5740:, p. 84. 5739: 5734: 5727: 5722: 5715: 5710: 5703: 5698: 5691: 5686: 5679: 5674: 5667: 5662: 5655: 5650: 5643: 5638: 5631: 5626: 5619: 5614: 5607: 5602: 5595: 5590: 5583: 5578: 5571: 5566: 5559: 5554: 5547: 5542: 5535: 5530: 5523: 5518: 5511: 5506: 5499: 5494: 5492: 5484: 5479: 5472: 5467: 5460: 5455: 5448: 5443: 5436: 5431: 5424: 5419: 5412: 5407: 5400: 5395: 5388: 5383: 5376: 5371: 5369: 5361: 5356: 5349: 5344: 5336: 5332: 5325: 5318: 5313: 5306: 5301: 5294: 5293:Goodrich 1950 5289: 5282: 5277: 5270: 5265: 5258: 5253: 5246: 5241: 5234: 5229: 5222: 5217: 5210: 5205: 5198: 5193: 5186: 5181: 5174: 5169: 5162: 5157: 5150: 5145: 5138: 5133: 5126: 5121: 5119: 5111: 5106: 5099: 5094: 5087: 5082: 5075: 5070: 5063: 5058: 5051: 5046: 5039: 5034: 5027: 5022: 5015: 5010: 5003: 4998: 4991: 4986: 4979: 4974: 4967: 4962: 4955: 4950: 4943: 4938: 4931: 4926: 4924: 4916: 4911: 4904: 4899: 4897: 4889: 4884: 4882: 4874: 4869: 4862: 4857: 4850: 4845: 4838: 4833: 4826: 4821: 4814: 4809: 4802: 4797: 4790: 4785: 4778: 4773: 4766: 4761: 4754: 4749: 4742: 4737: 4730: 4725: 4718: 4713: 4706: 4701: 4694: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4666: 4660: 4653: 4648: 4641: 4636: 4629: 4624: 4622: 4615:, p. 33. 4614: 4609: 4602: 4597: 4590: 4585: 4579:, p. 96. 4578: 4573: 4566: 4561: 4554: 4549: 4542: 4537: 4531:, p. 86. 4530: 4525: 4509: 4505: 4499: 4492: 4487: 4471: 4467: 4461: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4427: 4420: 4404: 4400: 4393: 4387:, p. 85. 4386: 4381: 4375:, p. 30. 4374: 4369: 4362: 4357: 4350: 4345: 4338: 4333: 4326: 4321: 4315:, p. 74. 4314: 4309: 4302: 4297: 4291:, p. 55. 4290: 4285: 4279:, p. 17. 4278: 4273: 4271: 4263: 4258: 4251: 4246: 4239: 4234: 4228:, p. 26. 4227: 4222: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4189: 4184: 4177: 4172: 4170: 4162: 4157: 4150: 4145: 4138: 4133: 4124: 4118:, p. 15. 4117: 4112: 4105: 4099: 4093:, p. 43. 4092: 4087: 4080: 4075: 4068: 4063: 4056: 4051: 4044: 4039: 4032: 4027: 4020: 4015: 4000: 3994: 3992: 3983: 3976: 3968: 3964: 3957: 3949: 3945: 3938: 3931: 3926: 3919: 3914: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3872: 3868: 3863: 3856: 3851: 3844: 3839: 3833:, p. 12. 3832: 3827: 3820: 3815: 3809:, p. 23. 3808: 3803: 3796: 3791: 3784: 3779: 3772: 3767: 3760: 3755: 3748: 3743: 3735: 3729: 3722: 3717: 3710: 3705: 3703: 3695: 3690: 3683: 3678: 3671: 3666: 3659: 3654: 3647: 3642: 3640: 3631: 3624: 3622: 3620: 3612: 3607: 3600: 3595: 3588: 3584: 3581:D. A. Smith, 3578: 3574: 3560: 3556: 3555:Richard Nixon 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3526: 3517: 3510: 3504: 3497: 3493: 3492:New York City 3489: 3485: 3481: 3475: 3468: 3462: 3455: 3449: 3440: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3394: 3390: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3355: 3350: 3348: 3344: 3343:Decatur House 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3315: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3292:West Virginia 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3166: 3162: 3153: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3125: 3121: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3065: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3026:Oberlin, Ohio 3023: 3020:student Rev. 3019: 3015: 3014:Delia Webster 3011: 3007: 3003: 3002:Phoenix Hotel 2999: 2995: 2985: 2981: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2931: 2925: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2898: 2894: 2891: 2890:abolitionists 2887: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2855: 2853: 2848: 2842: 2825: 2814: 2812: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2780: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2722: 2711: 2707: 2700: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2668: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2633: 2626: 2621: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2582: 2578: 2576: 2575:Liberty Party 2572: 2568: 2567:abolitionists 2564: 2559: 2556: 2555:James K. Polk 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2489: 2485: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2461: 2459: 2458:27th Congress 2455: 2451: 2446: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2425:Panic of 1837 2418: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2386: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2371: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2325: 2321: 2311: 2308: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2279: 2273: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2248: 2242: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2231:nullification 2228: 2224: 2223:1832 election 2215: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2114: 2110: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2088: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2061:National Road 2058: 2057:19th Congress 2050: 2046: 2045:National Road 2041: 2037: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2012: 2003: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1951: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1928: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1905:, France her 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1871:Latin America 1868: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1844: 1841:introduced a 1840: 1836: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1724: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1699:, ambassador 1698: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1674: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1646: 1644: 1643:tertium quids 1640: 1639:John Randolph 1636: 1635:James Madison 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1619:Panic of 1819 1616: 1612: 1608: 1603: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1592:12th Congress 1589: 1585: 1581: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1427: 1423: 1413: 1411: 1410:amicus curiae 1407: 1403: 1402: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1347: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1294: 1290: 1281: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1233: 1227: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1195: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1178:Robert Brooke 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1080:James K. Polk 1076: 1072: 1068: 1067:1840 election 1063: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1016:national bank 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 996:James Madison 993: 989: 985: 980: 978: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 938:House speaker 935: 931: 927: 923: 912: 907: 905: 900: 898: 893: 892: 890: 889: 885: 880: 875: 871: 869: 861: 858: 856: 853: 852: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 824: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 806: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 780: 773: 770: 769: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 748: 741: 738: 736: 733: 732: 731: 730: 721: 710: 707: 703: 702: 699: 698: 690: 686: 682: 678: 675: 672: 668: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 629:Lucretia Hart 626: 622: 618: 613: 608: 605: 601: 598: 595: 593:Resting place 591: 587: 579:June 29, 1852 578: 574: 569: 556: 552: 547: 543: 538: 531: 527: 523: 519: 513: 510: 507: 501: 495: 490: 486: 482: 478: 475: 472: 466: 463: 460: 454: 448: 443: 439: 435: 431: 428: 425: 419: 416: 413: 407: 401: 396: 393: 388: 384:Member of the 382: 379: 376: 370: 367: 366:Joseph Varnum 364: 358: 352: 347: 344: 341: 335: 332: 329: 323: 317: 312: 309: 306: 300: 297: 294: 288: 282: 277: 274: 269: 266: 263: 257: 254: 251: 245: 239: 234: 231: 228: 222: 219: 216: 210: 207: 206:Charles Scott 204: 198: 192: 187: 184: 181: 175: 172: 169: 163: 157: 152: 149: 146: 140: 137: 134: 128: 122: 117: 114: 109: 105: 102: 99: 93: 90: 87: 81: 78: 75: 71: 65: 60: 57: 52: 48: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 20321: 20257: 20239: 20226: 20199: 20191: 20183: 20175: 20163: 20155: 20147: 20111:Evans (2021) 20096:Parks (2005) 20057: 20039:Brown (1996) 20003:Young (2022) 19961:Lewis (2020) 19949: 19927: 19915: 19888: 19870: 19862: 19845: 19822: 19814: 19804:Dewey (1917) 19791: 19786:Logan (1886) 19778: 19751: 19745: 19701:Individuals 19650: 19629:John P. Hale 19609: 19601: 19578: 19535: 19527: 19504: 19475: 19456: 19448: 19425: 19417:1852 → 19409:← 1844 19356: 19336: 19324:Joseph Smith 19322: 19319: 19312:Reform Party 19298: 19290: 19237: 19218: 19212: 19210: 19187: 19139: 19124: 19101: 19093:1848 → 19085:← 1840 19032: 19015: 19012: 19001: 18978: 18959: 18940: 18925: 18902: 18894:1844 → 18886:← 1836 18795:Donald Trump 18695:Jimmy Carter 18557:James M. Cox 18330: 18190: 18107: 18085: 18073: 18062: 18050: 18049: 18028: 18020: 17915: 17907: 17900: 17887: 17879: 17850:J. P. Gaines 17832:B. L. Clarke 17774: 17762: 17741: 17728: 17720: 17655:W. Thomasson 17615: 17600: 17587: 17579: 17559:W. Thomasson 17474: 17459: 17446: 17438: 17364:W. O. Butler 17319:J. Underwood 17306: 17294: 17273: 17272: 17260: 17252: 17239: 17203:W. O. Butler 17183: 17129:J. Underwood 17107: 17092: 17088: 17079: 17071: 17060:W. Southgate 16988:J. Underwood 16939: 16924: 16920: 16911: 16903: 16771: 16756: 16752: 16743: 16735: 16623: 16601: 16593: 16586: 16573: 16565: 16473:C. Wickliffe 16442: 16434: 16427: 16414: 16406: 16323:C. Wickliffe 16283: 16268: 16255: 16247: 16234: 16223: 16212: 16165: 16147:C. Wickliffe 16100: 16087: 16072: 16059: 16051: 16038: 16027: 15998: 15989:C. Wickliffe 15960: 15940: 15902: 15901: 15889: 15874: 15861: 15853: 15842:C. Wickliffe 15742: 15730: 15715: 15702: 15694: 15681: 15670: 15650: 15586:G. Robertson 15585: 15563: 15548: 15535: 15527: 15514: 15485: 15456: 15438:G. Robertson 15427: 15408: 15396: 15384: 15363: 15350: 15342: 15304:G. Robertson 15276: 15237: 15222: 15209: 15201: 15188: 15141: 15131: 15083: 15071: 15050: 15037: 15029: 15016: 14951: 14950: 14911: 14899: 14888: 14877: 14865: 14854: 14841: 14833: 14812: 14764: 14749: 14736: 14728: 14715: 14677: 14646: 14634: 14633: 14613: 14600: 14592: 14523: 14508: 14495: 14487: 14418: 14406: 14405: 14395: 14374: 14361: 14353: 14267:Emma Willard 14252:Walt Whitman 14222:Lillian Wald 14192:Joseph Story 14152:William Penn 14132:Thomas Paine 14107:James Monroe 14002:Mark Hopkins 13982:Joseph Henry 13902:Peter Cooper 13886: 13882:Rufus Choate 13837:Daniel Boone 13822:Clara Barton 13713:William Wirt 13669:Richard Rush 13640: 13182: 13032:Thomas Ewing 12940:William Wirt 12836:Thomas Ewing 12830:Richard Rush 12780: 12764:U.S. Cabinet 12665: 12599: 12573:Presidential 12483:Whig Parties 12402:Robert Smith 12383:William Wirt 12316:James Monroe 12224:James Monroe 12218:Robert Smith 12183:U.S. Cabinet 12171: 12153: 12141: 12099: 11968:Presidential 11580: 11232: 11124: 11104: 11100:Richard Rush 11091: 11072: 11067:William Wirt 11064: 11047: 11030: 11022: 11005: 10988: 10982: 10980: 10963: 10941: 10922: 10913: 10896: 10888:1836 → 10880:← 1828 10823: 10778: 10770: 10738: 10730: 10699: 10691: 10680: 10679: 10671: 10643: 10635:1828 → 10627:← 1820 10468: 10453: 10418: 10342:T. Underwood 10232:J. Underwood 10181: 10085:Know Nothing 10001: 9995: 9988: (2023) 9648: (1869) 9472: 9442: 9422: 9264: 9235: 9207: 9192: 9177: 9165:nominee for 9161: 9156:James Monroe 9129: 9110: 9083: 9056: 9018: 9013:John Johnson 8985: 8952: 8947:Samuel McKee 8919: 8879: 8874: 8853: 8838:James Fenner 8826: 8806:George Evans 8793: 8788:Silas Wright 8765: 8740: 8731: 8698: 8689: 8664: 8655: 8630: 8621: 8550: 8506: 8501: 8434: 8424: 8388:(1): 79–96. 8385: 8381: 8362: 8343: 8335: 8317: 8307: 8304:Schurz, Carl 8292: 8272: 8251: 8242:41.2 (2021) 8239: 8223: 8211: 8192: 8183: 8154:(1): 28–52. 8151: 8147: 8136: 8126: 8116: 8100: 8096: 8078: 8067: 8056: 8038: 8019: 8000: 7981: 7962: 7942: 7922: 7903: 7861: 7827: 7823: 7803: 7781: 7760: 7739: 7704: 7700: 7681: 7661: 7641: 7620: 7597: 7578: 7574: 7541: 7537: 7519: 7499: 7476: 7457: 7453: 7430:. Retrieved 7426: 7417: 7405:. Retrieved 7395: 7388:Klotter 2018 7383: 7371:. Retrieved 7360: 7350:December 29, 7348:. 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Retrieved 3896: 3892: 3862: 3855:Klotter 2018 3850: 3838: 3826: 3821:, p. 5. 3819:Klotter 2018 3814: 3802: 3790: 3778: 3773:, p. 7. 3766: 3754: 3742: 3728: 3723:, p. 6. 3716: 3689: 3682:Klotter 2018 3677: 3665: 3653: 3629: 3613:, p. 4. 3606: 3601:, p. 5. 3594: 3582: 3577: 3525: 3516: 3503: 3484:George Evans 3474: 3461: 3448: 3439: 3428:1st Congress 3422: 3393: 3353: 3313: 3280:South Dakota 3229: 3171: 3117: 3103: 3099: 3076: 3069: 3066: 3062: 2998:Lewis Hayden 2994:Lewis Hayden 2991: 2988:legislature. 2973: 2969: 2968:New Orleans 2958:to serve as 2953: 2950: 2946:Lewis Hayden 2935: 2926: 2914: 2910:Faneuil Hall 2899: 2895: 2883: 2879:slave revolt 2867:George Wythe 2861: 2844: 2817: 2811:Fanny Crosby 2808: 2800:lie in state 2788:tuberculosis 2785: 2760: 2732: 2649: 2629: 2579: 2560: 2532: 2493: 2481: 2445:Thurlow Weed 2441: 2422: 2372: 2348: 2327: 2303: 2275: 2256:Louis McLane 2243: 2220: 2158: 2144:Henry Clay, 2103:Later career 2089: 2054: 2014: 1979: 1968: 1956: 1953:for Jackson. 1949: 1943: 1937: 1864: 1832: 1825:Portrait by 1795: 1728: 1720: 1697:James Bayard 1690: 1682:James Monroe 1670: 1631: 1604: 1577: 1551:West Florida 1539: 1507: 1483:Felix Grundy 1460: 1429: 1399: 1384: 1352: 1341:Legal career 1299: 1270: 1248:(1817), and 1239: 1214:, the first 1212:Isaac Shelby 1197: 1163:, mentor of 1157:George Wythe 1149: 1132: 1128:Cassius Clay 1109: 1064: 1020:tariff rates 981: 928:in both the 921: 920: 865: 717: 581:(1852-06-29) 537:5th district 530:2nd district 525:Constituency 516:Succeeded by 493: 485:2nd district 480:Constituency 469:Succeeded by 446: 438:3rd district 433:Constituency 422:Succeeded by 415:John Johnson 399: 373:Succeeded by 350: 338:Succeeded by 315: 303:Succeeded by 280: 260:Succeeded by 237: 225:Succeeded by 201:Appointed by 190: 178:Succeeded by 155: 143:Succeeded by 120: 96:Succeeded by 63: 44:Clay in 1848 25: 20368:Clay family 20358:1852 deaths 20353:1777 births 20302:Byrd (2010) 19971:Reid (2022) 19966:Dole (2021) 19746:Clay (1852) 19602:President: 19528:President: 19449:President: 19291:President: 19274:independent 19270:Third-party 19211:President: 19125:President: 19007:(incumbent) 19002:President: 18926:President: 18775:Mitt Romney 18765:John McCain 18685:Gerald Ford 18108:H. Marshall 17982:H. Marshall 17955:G. Caldwell 17946:C. Morehead 17937:J. Thompson 17859:C. Morehead 17805:J. Thompson 17763:T. Metcalfe 17664:J. Tibbatts 17568:J. Tibbatts 17532:G. Caldwell 17409:T. Marshall 17400:J. Thompson 17391:P. Triplett 17230:P. Triplett 17184:S. Anderson 17147:S. Williams 17006:S. Williams 16961:J. Chambers 16892:S. Williams 16829:J. Chambers 16811:A. G. Hawes 16688:C. Tompkins 16670:A. G. Hawes 16554:C. Tompkins 16536:A. G. Hawes 16482:J. Lecompte 16332:J. Lecompte 16235:J. Chambers 16176:R. McHatton 16156:J. Lecompte 16101:T. Metcalfe 16039:R. McHatton 16009:J. Lecompte 15922:T. Metcalfe 15824:P. Thompson 15761:T. Metcalfe 15671:J. S. Smith 15623:T. Metcalfe 15505:T. Metcalfe 15189:T. Fletcher 14980:W. P. Duval 14614:B. Thruston 14505:B. Thruston 14467:T. Sandford 14449:G. Bedinger 14385:B. Thruston 14257:Eli Whitney 14162:Walter Reed 14082:Horace Mann 13842:Edwin Booth 13797:Jane Addams 13734:(1825–1829) 13715:(1825–1829) 13696:(1828–1829) 13690:(1825–1828) 13671:(1825–1829) 13643:(1825–1829) 13626:(1825–1829) 13453:Christopher 13448:Eagleburger 13388:G. Marshall 13158:J. Marshall 13046:(1850–1853) 13034:(1849–1850) 13015:(1852–1853) 13009:(1850–1852) 13003:(1849–1850) 12997:(1841–1843) 12985:(1825–1829) 12966:(1850–1853) 12960:(1849–1850) 12954:(1843–1845) 12952:John Nelson 12942:(1825–1829) 12923:(1850–1853) 12917:(1849–1850) 12911:(1843–1844) 12905:(1841–1843) 12893:(1828–1829) 12887:(1825–1828) 12868:(1850–1853) 12862:(1849–1850) 12856:(1844–1845) 12850:(1843–1844) 12844:(1841–1843) 12832:(1825–1829) 12813:(1852–1853) 12807:(1850–1852) 12801:(1849–1850) 12795:(1843–1844) 12789:(1841–1843) 12783:(1825–1829) 12755:(1856–1857) 12749:(1847–1849) 12743:(1841–1843) 12737:(1839–1841) 12731:(1825–1827) 12609:1836 (None) 12583:1828 (None) 12538:Union Party 12434:(1823–1825) 12428:(1819–1823) 12422:(1815–1818) 12416:(1813–1814) 12410:(1809–1813) 12404:(1801–1809) 12385:(1817–1825) 12379:(1811–1814) 12373:(1807–1811) 12367:(1805–1806) 12361:(1801–1805) 12342:(1817–1825) 12336:(1816–1817) 12330:(1815–1816) 12318:(1814–1815) 12312:(1813–1814) 12306:(1809–1813) 12300:(1801–1809) 12281:(1816–1825) 12269:(1814–1816) 12257:(1801–1814) 12238:(1817–1825) 12230:John Graham 12226:(1811–1817) 12220:(1809–1811) 12214:(1801–1809) 12202:(1790–1794) 12174:(1823–1825) 12168:(1821–1823) 12162:(1820–1821) 12156:(1815–1820) 12150:(1814–1815) 12144:(1811–1814) 12138:(1807–1811) 12132:(1801–1807) 12126:(1793–1795) 11065:President: 11023:President: 10981:President: 10919:(incumbent) 10914:President: 10771:President: 10731:President: 10672:President: 10002:pro tempore 9095:John Taylor 9036:James Clark 8607:U.S. Senate 7445:Works cited 7407:January 23, 7232:Bowman 2008 7205:October 25, 7200:Smithsonian 7182:Remini 1991 7143:January 18, 7085:February 5, 7059:January 16, 7034:January 16, 7013:January 17, 6987:January 16, 6924:February 3, 6899:January 18, 6894:www.nps.gov 6874:December 1, 6848:December 1, 5411:Gammon 1922 5375:Gammon 1922 5348:Gammon 1922 5197:Remini 1981 4801:Remini 1991 4289:Remini 1991 4004:January 18, 3658:Remini 1991 3488:Astor House 3467:Freemasonry 3264:Mississippi 3095:New Orleans 3038:free states 2871:free blacks 2708:, with the 2488:Jefferson's 2339:the passage 2331:Roger Taney 2185:New Orleans 2149: 1832 2097:New England 1852:slave state 1713:Great Lakes 1677:declare war 1627:Sam Rayburn 1615:War of 1812 1613:to end the 1467:gerrymander 1454:. The 1799 1256:during the 1208:James Brown 1194:Clay family 1124:Clay family 1000:War of 1812 930:U.S. Senate 751:War of 1812 619:(1833–1852) 614:(1825–1833) 609:(1797–1825) 540:(1811–1813) 533:(1813–1814) 504:Preceded by 457:Preceded by 427:James Clark 410:Preceded by 361:Preceded by 343:John Taylor 326:Preceded by 308:John Taylor 291:Preceded by 248:Preceded by 213:Preceded by 166:Preceded by 131:Preceded by 84:Preceded by 20348:Henry Clay 20342:Categories 19871:Eisenhower 19823:W. H. Taft 19586:Convention 19530:Lewis Cass 19512:Convention 19476:Henry Clay 19433:Convention 19427:Whig Party 19320:President: 19276:candidates 19241:John Davis 19213:Henry Clay 19195:Convention 19189:Whig Party 19169:Lewis Cass 19109:Convention 18986:Convention 18960:Henry Clay 18943:John Tyler 18910:Convention 18904:Whig Party 18833:Presidents 18755:John Kerry 18597:Alf Landon 18389:Lewis Cass 18331:Henry Clay 18301:Rufus King 18267:John Adams 18191:W. Preston 18127:R. Stanton 18009:R. Stanton 17823:A. Buckner 17691:J. McHenry 17355:L. Andrews 17194:L. Andrews 17024:R. Menefee 16952:J. Calhoon 16894: (NR) 16885: (NR) 16876: (NR) 16867: (NR) 16858: (NR) 16831: (NR) 16822: (NR) 16820:J. Calhoon 16804: (NR) 16795: (NR) 16766: (NR) 16717: (NR) 16708: (NR) 16699: (NR) 16690: (NR) 16681: (NR) 16663: (NR) 16654: (NR) 16652:T. Chilton 16636: (NR) 16627: (NR) 16624:R. Letcher 16596: (NR) 16556: (NR) 16547: (NR) 16529: (NR) 16509:N. Gaither 16464:R. Letcher 16437: (NR) 16395:J. Kincaid 16386:N. Gaither 16377:N. Coleman 16368:T. Chilton 16316: (NR) 16314:R. Letcher 16307: (NR) 16238: (NR) 16224:T. Chilton 16216: (NR) 16213:J. Calhoon 16169: (NR) 16131: (NR) 16129:R. Letcher 16122: (NR) 16120:R. Buckner 16113: (NR) 16104: (NR) 16031: (NR) 16020: (NR) 15999:J. Johnson 15973: (NR) 15971:R. Letcher 15953: (NR) 15951:R. Buckner 15944: (NR) 15933: (NR) 15931:F. Johnson 15924: (NR) 15915: (NR) 15913:D. Trimble 15906: (NR) 15844: (DR) 15835: (DR) 15826: (DR) 15817: (DR) 15808: (DR) 15806:R. Letcher 15799: (DR) 15790: (DR) 15788:R. Buckner 15781: (DR) 15772: (DR) 15770:F. Johnson 15763: (DR) 15754: (DR) 15752:D. Trimble 15745: (DR) 15725: (DR) 15685: (DR) 15674: (DR) 15663: (DR) 15661:S. Woodson 15654: (DR) 15651:W. Bullock 15643: (DR) 15634: (DR) 15632:F. Johnson 15625: (DR) 15616: (DR) 15607: (DR) 15598: (DR) 15596:D. Trimble 15589: (DR) 15578: (DR) 15558: (DR) 15518: (DR) 15515:F. Johnson 15507: (DR) 15498: (DR) 15489: (DR) 15478: (DR) 15469: (DR) 15460: (DR) 15449: (DR) 15447:D. Trimble 15440: (DR) 15431: (DR) 15428:T. Quarles 15420: (DR) 15411: (DR) 15388: (DR) 15376: (DR) 15367: (DR) 15333: (DR) 15324: (DR) 15322:D. Trimble 15315: (DR) 15306: (DR) 15297: (DR) 15295:T. Quarles 15288: (DR) 15279: (DR) 15270: (DR) 15261: (DR) 15252: (DR) 15232: (DR) 15192: (DR) 15181: (DR) 15172: (DR) 15163: (DR) 15154: (DR) 15145: (DR) 15134: (DR) 15125: (DR) 15116: (DR) 15107: (DR) 15098: (DR) 15075: (DR) 15063: (DR) 15054: (DR) 15020: (DR) 15017:J. Hawkins 15009: (DR) 15000: (DR) 14991: (DR) 14989:S. Hopkins 14982: (DR) 14973: (DR) 14964: (DR) 14955: (DR) 14944: (DR) 14935: (DR) 14926: (DR) 14903: (DR) 14892: (DR) 14881: (DR) 14869: (DR) 14866:J. Bledsoe 14858: (DR) 14824: (DR) 14815: (DR) 14806: (DR) 14797: (DR) 14788: (DR) 14779: (DR) 14759: (DR) 14719: (DR) 14708: (DR) 14699: (DR) 14690: (DR) 14681: (DR) 14670: (DR) 14661: (DR) 14638: (DR) 14626: (DR) 14617: (DR) 14583: (DR) 14574: (DR) 14565: (DR) 14556: (DR) 14547: (DR) 14538: (DR) 14518: (DR) 14478: (DR) 14469: (DR) 14460: (DR) 14451: (DR) 14442: (DR) 14433: (DR) 14217:Mark Twain 14037:James Kent 14007:Elias Howe 13887:Henry Clay 13787:John Adams 13641:Henry Clay 13378:Stettinius 12781:Henry Clay 12719:U.S. House 12172:Henry Clay 12154:Henry Clay 12142:Henry Clay 12114:U.S. House 11746:Vandenberg 11092:President: 11025:John Floyd 10983:Henry Clay 10681:Henry Clay 10484:Crittenden 10474:Meriwether 10459:Crittenden 10367:Huddleston 10312:Williamson 10222:Crittenden 10207:Crittenden 10091:Republican 10073:Democratic 10067:Jacksonian 10049:Federalist 9616:Pennington 9373:Muhlenberg 9353:Muhlenberg 9135:1825–1829 9116:1823–1825 9089:1815–1820 9062:1811–1814 9030:1823–1825 8997:1815–1821 8964:1813–1814 8931:1811–1813 8861:1850–1852 8832:1806–1807 8772:1834–1836 8684:John Rowan 8616:John Adair 8502:Henry Clay 7529:1067062411 7488:0700606009 7345:2235859447 6796:1337923258 6685:Eaton 1957 6504:August 28, 6409:Smith 1988 6397:Smith 1988 4277:Eaton 1957 4116:Eaton 1957 3899:(1): 55–56 3831:Eaton 1957 3783:Henry Clay 3771:Eaton 1957 3721:Eaton 1957 3646:Eaton 1957 3599:Eaton 1957 3569:References 3535:John Adams 3452:Maine was 3415:John Eaton 3314:Henry Clay 2744:New Mexico 2736:California 2675:See also: 2589:See also: 2563:dark horse 2539:annexation 2468:See also: 2450:John Tyler 2393:See also: 2381:, Senator 2364:hard money 2352:Whig Party 2299:Force Bill 2122:See also: 2107:See also: 1815:Rufus King 1695:, Senator 1523:broadcloth 1395:John Allen 1387:Aaron Burr 1302:plantation 1234: Hart 1192:See also: 1169:amanuensis 1155:professor 1106:Early life 1075:John Tyler 962:Whig Party 793:Whig Party 719:Henry Clay 560:1777-04-12 253:John Adair 171:John Rowan 32:Henry Clay 20258:Rehnquist 20192:Roosevelt 20139:East Room 19930:(2006–07, 19863:H. Hoover 19711:in repose 18194: (W) 18183: (W) 18174: (W) 18165: (W) 18156: (W) 18147: (D) 18138: (D) 18129: (D) 18120: (D) 18111: (W) 18100: (D) 18077: (W) 18066: (D) 18054: (W) 18043: (W) 18011: (D) 18002: (W) 18000:F. McLean 17993: (D) 17984: (W) 17975: (W) 17966: (W) 17957: (D) 17948: (W) 17939: (W) 17930: (D) 17910: (W) 17870: (D) 17868:S. Peyton 17861: (W) 17852: (W) 17843: (W) 17841:G. Duncan 17834: (D) 17825: (W) 17816: (W) 17807: (W) 17798: (D) 17796:R. French 17789: (D) 17766: (W) 17754: (W) 17745: (W) 17711: (W) 17702: (W) 17700:A. Trumbo 17693: (W) 17684: (D) 17682:J. Martin 17675: (W) 17666: (D) 17657: (W) 17648: (W) 17646:H. Grider 17639: (W) 17630: (D) 17610: (W) 17570: (D) 17561: (W) 17552: (D) 17543: (W) 17541:H. Grider 17534: (D) 17525: (D) 17523:R. French 17516: (W) 17507: (W) 17498: (D) 17489: (W) 17469: (W) 17429: (W) 17427:J. Sprigg 17420: (W) 17418:B. Owsley 17411: (W) 17402: (W) 17393: (W) 17384: (W) 17375: (W) 17366: (D) 17357: (W) 17348: (D) 17339: (W) 17330: (W) 17321: (W) 17298: (W) 17286: (W) 17277: (W) 17243: (W) 17232: (W) 17223: (W) 17214: (W) 17205: (D) 17196: (W) 17187: (W) 17176: (D) 17167: (W) 17158: (W) 17149: (W) 17140: (W) 17131: (W) 17122: (W) 17120:W. Graves 17102: (W) 17062: (W) 17053: (W) 17051:E. Rumsey 17044: (W) 17035: (D) 17033:J. Murray 17026: (W) 17017: (W) 17008: (W) 16999: (W) 16990: (W) 16981: (W) 16979:J. Harlan 16972: (W) 16970:W. Graves 16963: (W) 16954: (W) 16934: (W) 16865:J. Harlan 16856:W. Graves 16849: (J) 16847:R. French 16840: (J) 16813: (J) 16793:B. Hardin 16786: (J) 16726: (J) 16672: (J) 16645: (J) 16634:B. Hardin 16616: (J) 16538: (J) 16520: (J) 16511: (J) 16502: (J) 16493: (J) 16491:H. Daniel 16484: (J) 16475: (J) 16466: (J) 16457: (J) 16397: (J) 16388: (J) 16379: (J) 16370: (J) 16361: (J) 16352: (J) 16343: (J) 16341:H. Daniel 16334: (J) 16325: (J) 16298: (J) 16278: (J) 16227: (J) 16205: (J) 16196: (J) 16187: (J) 16185:H. Daniel 16178: (J) 16158: (J) 16149: (J) 16140: (J) 16082: (J) 16042: (J) 16011: (J) 16002: (J) 15991: (J) 15982: (J) 15964: (J) 15884: (J) 15723:I. Talbot 15605:B. Hardin 15556:I. Talbot 15476:A. McLean 15467:B. Hardin 15457:D. Walker 15385:I. Talbot 15331:D. Walker 15219:I. Talbot 15170:A. McLean 15161:B. Hardin 15123:S. Ormsby 15072:M. Hardin 15061:I. Talbot 14962:S. Ormsby 14900:I. Talbot 14878:G. Walker 14822:S. Ormsby 14678:B. Howard 14563:B. Howard 14476:M. Walton 14431:J. Fowler 14067:Mary Lyon 13777:inductees 13621:President 13535:Tillerson 13418:Kissinger 13263:Washburne 13188:Van Buren 13153:Pickering 13143:Jefferson 12897:John Bell 12729:J. Taylor 12679:Z. Taylor 12008:Jefferson 11995:Jefferson 11982:Jefferson 11771:Fulbright 11716:Hitchcock 11288:Fessenden 11278:Fessenden 11263:Dickinson 11033:Henry Lee 10514:Blackburn 10372:McConnell 10357:Humphreys 10277:Blackburn 10257:Stevenson 9876:McCormack 9776:Longworth 9736:Henderson 9493:Stevenson 8666:John Pope 8640:John Pope 8410:143245070 8176:154139588 8022:. Knopf. 7852:155152645 7729:161945941 7566:154953642 7373:August 1, 7124:641424126 7080:Blackpast 6325:Holt 1999 6169:Howe 2007 5960:Howe 2007 5726:Howe 2007 5606:Cole 1993 5582:Howe 2007 5570:Cole 1993 5522:Cole 1993 5510:Cole 1993 5435:Howe 2007 5399:Cole 1993 5257:Howe 2007 4211:March 13, 3490:hotel in 3312:USS 3284:Tennessee 3260:Minnesota 3120:Civil War 3077:In 1829, 3012:resident 2960:concubine 2368:Catholics 2343:censuring 2335:pet banks 2247:banknotes 2077:demagogue 2073:Democrats 1915:New Spain 1907:Bonaparte 1891:Alexander 1887:Pensacola 1602:in 1860. 1584:war hawks 1547:war hawks 1479:Frankfort 1436:Quasi-War 1242:Henry Jr. 1184:in 1797. 680:Signature 670:Education 656:Henry Jr. 494:In office 447:In office 400:In office 351:In office 316:In office 281:In office 265:John Pope 238:In office 191:In office 156:In office 121:In office 73:President 64:In office 20176:McKinley 20148:Harrison 19792:McKinley 19779:Garfield 19707:in honor 19595:Nominees 19521:Nominees 19442:Nominees 19330:campaign 19204:Nominees 19133:campaign 19118:Nominees 18995:Nominees 18934:campaign 18919:Nominees 18735:Bob Dole 18577:Al Smith 18181:A. White 18154:P. Ewing 18136:J. Stone 18118:J. Mason 18074:A. Dixon 17991:J. Mason 17964:D. Breck 17814:G. Adams 17709:B. Young 17637:G. Davis 17550:J. Stone 17514:W. Green 17505:G. Davis 17487:J. White 17382:W. Green 17373:G. Davis 17328:J. White 17221:W. Green 17212:G. Davis 17156:R. Hawes 17138:J. White 17015:R. Hawes 16997:J. White 16883:J. White 16802:C. Allan 16706:A. Davis 16697:M. Beaty 16661:C. Allan 16527:C. Allan 16518:J. Adair 16359:J. Yancy 16305:J. Clark 16265:J. Rowan 16203:J. Yancy 16166:W. Young 16138:T. Moore 16111:J. Clark 16080:J. Rowan 16028:J. Henry 16018:W. Young 15980:T. Moore 15961:R. Henry 15941:J. Clark 15882:J. Rowan 15833:D. White 15815:T. Moore 15797:R. Henry 15496:W. Brown 15364:W. Logan 15313:T. Speed 15259:J. Desha 15152:S. Sharp 15142:J. Clark 15114:S. McKee 15096:J. Desha 15051:W. Barry 15007:S. Sharp 14971:J. Clark 14942:S. McKee 14924:J. Desha 14889:W. Barry 14804:S. McKee 14786:J. Desha 14716:W. Barry 14706:S. McKee 14697:H. Crist 14668:J. Desha 14581:J. Rowan 14554:J. Desha 14545:J. Boyle 14458:J. Boyle 14396:J. Adair 14334:Kentucky 13967:Asa Gray 13465:Albright 13223:Buchanan 13148:Randolph 13024:Interior 12822:Treasury 12747:Winthrop 12721:Speakers 12709:Donelson 12705:Fillmore 12683:Fillmore 12653:Harrison 12613:Harrison 12604:Sergeant 12247:Treasury 12116:speakers 12091:Crawford 12064:Tompkins 12051:Tompkins 11851:Menendez 11836:Menendez 11776:Sparkman 11751:Connally 11741:Connally 11656:Burnside 11611:Hannegan 11586:Buchanan 11566:Tazewell 11453:Grassley 11433:Grassley 11423:Grassley 11408:Packwood 11403:Moynihan 11393:Packwood 11373:Millikin 11363:Millikin 11353:Harrison 11343:McCumber 11313:Voorhees 11258:Atherton 11243:Woodbury 11188:Campbell 11058:Nominees 11016:Nominees 10974:Nominees 10907:Nominees 10764:Nominees 10724:Nominees 10665:Nominees 10559:Clements 10524:McCreary 10509:Williams 10504:McCreery 10464:Metcalfe 10439:W. Logan 10404:Marshall 10327:Stanfill 10322:Chandler 10317:M. Logan 10267:Carlisle 10252:McCreery 10237:Thompson 10227:Morehead 10177:Thruston 10103:Category 9986:McCarthy 9926:Gingrich 9816:Bankhead 9696:Carlisle 9566:Winthrop 9393:Sedgwick 9363:Trumbull 8490:LibriVox 8402:41939810 8168:26062123 8109:23384634 8087:35020339 7721:23388052 7587:23387602 7466:23388014 7341:ProQuest 6961:85830740 5801:(1999). 3360:See also 3272:Nebraska 3268:Missouri 3256:Kentucky 3244:Illinois 3087:Maryland 3032:through 2956:octoroon 2920:, which 2918:gag rule 2280:and the 2260:Bank War 2201:Bank War 2063:and the 1962:and the 1903:Cromwell 1883:Seminole 1835:Missouri 1590:for the 1519:homespun 1501:and the 1173:read law 1141:Richmond 1034:win the 984:Virginia 974:Democrat 960:and the 926:Kentucky 788:Bank War 647:Children 392:Kentucky 113:Kentucky 20278:funeral 20205:funeral 20200:Kennedy 20184:Harding 20169:funeral 20164:Lincoln 19997:funeral 19955:funeral 19933:funeral 19921:funeral 19901:Blassie 19889:Johnson 19851:funeral 19846:Kennedy 19815:Harding 19757:funeral 19752:Lincoln 18745:Al Gore 18172:W. Ward 18163:B. Grey 18098:L. Boyd 18051:H. Clay 17928:L. Boyd 17908:H. Clay 17787:L. Boyd 17673:J. Bell 17628:L. Boyd 17496:L. Boyd 17346:L. Boyd 17337:J. Pope 17274:H. Clay 17174:L. Boyd 17165:J. Pope 17089:H. Clay 17042:J. Pope 16921:H. Clay 16838:L. Boyd 16753:H. Clay 16724:P. Pope 16715:J. Love 16643:C. Lyon 16594:H. Clay 16583:G. Bibb 16500:C. Lyon 16435:H. Clay 16424:G. Bibb 16350:C. Lyon 16276:G. Bibb 16194:C. Lyon 15903:H. Clay 15743:H. Clay 15409:H. Clay 15277:H. Clay 15179:M. Taul 15132:H. Clay 14952:H. Clay 14855:G. Bibb 14813:H. Clay 14757:G. Bibb 14746:J. Pope 14659:M. Lyon 14635:H. Clay 14624:J. Pope 14536:M. Lyon 14516:J. Pope 14440:M. Lyon 14407:H. Clay 13617:Cabinet 13559:Blinken 13506:Clinton 13393:Acheson 13368:Stimson 13363:Kellogg 13348:Lansing 13313:Sherman 13303:Gresham 13238:Everett 13233:Webster 13228:Clayton 13218:Calhoun 13208:Webster 13203:Forsyth 13163:Madison 12635:Granger 12631:Webster 12617:Granger 12575:tickets 12104:Sanford 12086:Calhoun 12082:Jackson 12077:Calhoun 12034:Madison 12025:Clinton 12021:Madison 12012:Clinton 11970:tickets 11731:Pittman 11686:Sherman 11676:Sherman 11661:Edmunds 11641:Cameron 11621:W. King 11576:Wilkins 11571:Forsyth 11556:Sanford 11546:Barbour 11541:R. King 11536:Barbour 11521:Barbour 11398:Bentsen 11338:Penrose 11333:Simmons 11328:Penrose 11323:Aldrich 11318:Morrill 11308:Morrill 11298:Morrill 11293:Sherman 11283:Sherman 11248:Calhoun 11223:Webster 11218:Forsyth 11198:Sanford 10579:Bunning 10554:Withers 10549:Barkley 10539:Beckham 10529:Bradley 10429:Bledsoe 10399:Edwards 10391:Class 3 10352:Barkley 10337:Chapman 10307:Robsion 10302:Sackett 10297:Stanley 10282:Paynter 10272:Lindsay 10247:Guthrie 10212:Johnson 10164:Class 2 10012:Johnson 9997:McHenry 9956:Boehner 9936:Hastert 9896:O'Neill 9866:Rayburn 9846:Rayburn 9826:Rayburn 9766:Gillett 9676:Randall 9646:Pomeroy 9463:Barbour 9273:1. 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