3195:
459:
Holocaust trivialization in an article published in 2008. In
Germany in 2007 two scholars, Thorsten Eitz and Georg Stötzel, published a voluminous dictionary of German language and discourse regarding National Socialism and the Holocaust. It includes chapters on Holocaust trivialization and contrived comparisons, such as the infamous 'atomic Holocaust', 'Babycaust,' 'Holocaust of abortion', 'red Holocaust' or 'biological Holocaust.'"
314:, which was displayed in the section devoted to a Communist-era camp for political prisoners on the Adriatic island of Goli Otok, describing it as "the example of living conditions of Goli Otok prisoners", and not correcting it even after the misrepresentation was exposed. Only after an outcry from Holocaust historians, a small note was taped underneath the display caption that read: "Prisoners' bunk-beds in the Dachau camp."
727:
310:
collectivisation, political trials and repression" to actually show "random and completely decontextualised photographs of 'victims of communism', which included innocent people but also many proven fascist collaborators, members of the quisling government, right-wing militias, and the Axis-allied
Chetnik movement." Another more damning example is the well-known photograph of prisoners from the
387:. Radonić posits that this theory and charges of Communist genocide both come from "a stable of anti-communist émigré lexicon since the 1950s and more recently revisionist politicians and scholars" as well as the "comparative trivialization" of the Holocaust that "results from tossing postwar killings of suspected Axis collaborators and opponents of
2552:
201:
for trivializing the
Holocaust. According to the CIJA, the United Church of Canada published a document in which they placed a statement decrying the "loss of dignity" on the part of the Palestinians, attributed to Israel, promptly after a similar statement acknowledging "the denial of human dignity
44:
identifies trivialization of the
Holocaust as one of eleven forms of Holocaust distortion; he defines Holocaust trivialization as the application of language that is specific to describing the Holocaust to events and purposes that are unrelated to it. According to David Rudrum, examples of Holocaust
325:
laments that "rom the perspective of today, one can say that the pendulum has even moved so far in emphasizing
Eastern Europe from June 1941 onward, and first and foremost its killing sites as the locus of the Shoah, that one will find recent studies which entirely marginalize or even disregard the
70:
wrote, "I cannot use anymore. First, because there are no words, and also because it has become so trivialized that I cannot use it anymore. Whatever mishap occurs now, they call it 'holocaust.' I have seen it myself in television in the country in which I live. A commentator describing the defeat
524:
was "introduced and popularized by the
Ukrainian diaspora in North America before Ukraine became independent", and that "the term 'Holocaust' is not explained at all". It has been used to create a "victimized national narrative" and "compete with the Jewish narrative in order to obscure the 'dark
242:
museum, said the comments represented blatant antisemitism and "an outrageous combination of hatred and ignorance," further stating that "comparing a country fighting against a murderous terror organization to the actions of the Nazis in the
Holocaust is worthy of all condemnation." Israeli Prime
458:
writes: "Contrary to the hard-core version, soft-core denial is often not easily identifiable. Often it is tolerated, or even encouraged and reproduced in the mainstream, not only in
Germany. Scholars have only recently begun to unravel this disturbing phenomenon. Manfred Gerstenfeld discusses
279:, but governments across the region "have used public monuments, museums, and memorials to nationally appropriate the memory of the Holocaust, and use it to produce a new visual remembrance of their 20th Century past that supports their myths of nationhood." According to Subotić, this form of
1212:
135:
writes that "he more provocative historians were in doing so and the more they thereby questioned the uniqueness, or the peculiarity, of the
Holocaust, the more their work was met with resistance or even disgust, most prominently and controversially the German Ernst Nolte in the 1980s."
309:
put on the highly-publicized exhibition "In the Name of the People – Political
Repression in Serbia 1944–1953", which according to Subotić "promised to display new historical documents and evidence of communist crimes, ranging from assassinations, kidnappings and detentions in camps to
287:
called for the creation of an international commission to determine the truth about the camp between 1941 and 1945, 'but also after' – indicating that the narrative that Jasenovac was a communist camp after the war was now accepted at the pinnacle of power."
71:
of a sports team, somewhere, called it a 'holocaust.' I have read in a very prestigious newspaper published in California, a description of the murder of six people, and the author called it a holocaust. So, I have no words anymore."
1328:
Michman, Dan (2018). "Historiography on the Holocaust in Poland: An Outsider's View of its Place within Recent General Developments in Holocaust Historiography". In Polonsky, Antony; Węgrzynek, Hanna; Żbikowski, Andrzej (eds.).
247:
responded to Lula's comments by saying "The words of the President of Brazil are shameful and alarming. This is a trivialization of the Holocaust and an attempt to harm the Jewish people and Israel's right to defend itself."
2355:
1144:
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states in an attempt to erase fascist crimes and local participation in the Holocaust, and use their imagery to represent real or imagined crimes of Communist states. Subotić discussed specific examples in
2561:
656:
2965:
1114:
1244:
326:
importance to the Holocaust of such essential issues as the 1930s in Germany and Austria; the persecution and murder of Western and Southern European Jewry; first steps of persecution in
391:'s regime into the same conceptual framework as the Nazi murder of six million of Jews", describing this as "an effort to demonize communism more broadly as an ideology akin to Nazism."
2176:
2934:
668:
1965:
500:
According to Elazar Barkan, Elizabeth A. Cole, and Kai Struve, there is competition among victims in constructing a "Ukrainian Holocaust". They say that since the 1990s the term
2777:
1855:
440:. George Voicu states that Leon Volovici has "rightfully condemned the abusive use of this concept as an attempt to 'usurp' and undermine a symbol specific to the history of
1150:
2454:
1222:
1084:
659:, observed that "they're always looking to come up with a number bigger than six million. It makes the reader think: 'My god it's worse than the Holocaust.'"
2466:
2449:
1471:
Hackmann, Jörg (March 2009). "From National Victims to Transnational Bystanders? The Changing Commemoration of World War II in Central and Eastern Europe".
824:
2587:
1668:
3095:
590:. To hype the Conquest book and its terror famine, the catalogue notes: 'The act of genocide against the Ukrainian people has been suppressed [
2657:
2066:
414:
2366:
689:
903:
2854:
2338:
1277:
2161:
1122:
1719:
1254:
2817:
2360:
448:
2034:
257:
120:, as the Nazis acted as they did out of fear of what the Soviet Union might do to Germany, or that the Holocaust itself was a reaction to the
2757:
1180:
688:, this reflects an antisemitic conspiracy theory which casts Russian Christians, rather than Jews, as the true victims of Nazi Germany. The
2673:
428:
writes that usage of this term "allows the reality it describes to immediately attain, in the Western mind, a status equal to that of the
1956:
Shafir, Michael (2002). "Between Denial and 'Comparative Trivialization' – Holocaust Negationism in Post-Communist East Central Europe".
1381:
Lemée, Carole (2018). "History-memory of Litvak Yiddish spaces after the Holocaust. Between worlds of life and worlds of assassination".
745:
404:
1847:
1777:
2668:
2566:
2208:
1303:
2787:
2630:
2485:
1851:
888:
780:
693:
1213:"In Berlin, Abbas says Israel committed 'holocausts' against the Palestinians; Scholz grimaces silently, later condemns remarks"
3234:
2531:
2328:
2059:
933:
684:
was aimed at the "denazification" of Ukraine, as false and a trivialization of Holocaust history. According to the philosopher
1560:
1545:
Voicu, George (2018). "Postcommunist Romania's Leading Public Intellectuals and the Holocaust". In Florian, Alexandru (ed.).
1522:
1452:
1423:
1338:
1008:
970:
109:
1877:
1827:
1621:
194:
2889:
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740:
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of the Holocaust and post-Communist memory "has become so mainstream and state sponsored that in 2018 Croatian president
213:
that "Israel committed….50 massacres, 50 slaughters, 50 holocausts" after he was inquired if he would apologize for the
2021:"Addressing Anti-Semitism through Education: Addressing Holocaust Denial, Distortion and Trivialization, Teaching Aid 6"
364:
calls the double genocide theory a form of Holocaust obfuscation, while Carole Lemée sees it as a symptom of persistent
579:
334:; and other aspects of the Holocaust such as the enormous spoliation and the cultural warfare aimed at exorcising the
3229:
3219:
2901:
2646:
2402:
2052:
1977:
1950:
1359:"Ideology, Memory and Religion in Post-Communist East Central Europe: A Comparative Study Focused on Post-Holocaust"
850:
1092:
525:
sides' of Ukraine's national history and to counter accusations that their fathers collaborated with the Germans".
181:
2797:
2792:
2615:
2516:
2225:
2114:
1972:
145:
2521:
2507:
2417:
2215:
2181:
555:
108:– namely that the Holocaust was not unique, Germans should not bear any special burden of guilt for the "
447:
In "Secondary Anti-Semitism: From Hard-Core to Soft-Core Denial of the Shoah", the German political scientist
2908:
2727:
2343:
1033:
755:
311:
680:(Israel's official memorial to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust) criticized the Kremlin's claim that the
3061:
3026:
3013:
2948:
2922:
2863:
2122:
1514:
227:
38:
as the abusive use of comparisons with the aim of minimizing the Holocaust and banalizing its atrocities.
22:
refers to any comparison or analogy that diminishes the scale and severity of the atrocities committed by
2496:
2471:
2248:
907:
829:
819:
681:
495:
425:
306:
301:
97:
284:
3069:
2986:
2807:
2542:
1986:
1653:
1584:
Heni, Clemens (Fall 2008). "Secondary Anti-Semitism: From Hard-Core to Soft-Core Denial of the Shoah".
1190:
624:
3077:
2424:
2198:
1746:
879:
436:." Michael Shafir says that the use of the term supports the "competitive martyrdom component" of the
3224:
2691:
2171:
813:
223:
newspaper that "for us Germans, any relativization of the Holocaust is unbearable and unacceptable."
35:
1031:
Kühne, Thomas (May 2012). "Great Men and Large Numbers: Undertheorising a History of Mass Killing".
937:
3130:
2592:
2511:
2156:
2030:
1552:
1185:
1900:
Blutinger, Jeffrey (Fall 2010). "An Inconvenient Past: Post-Communist Holocaust Memorialization".
352:
The double genocide narrative holds that there were two contemporary genocides of equal weight, a
2220:
2203:
2166:
2101:
1942:
1905:
1118:
1000:
640:
198:
692:
also condemned the invasion and described Putin's rhetoric as Holocaust trivialization, and the
3198:
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3138:
3125:
2941:
2915:
2696:
2392:
2279:
2075:
1088:
854:
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437:
347:
280:
173:
2876:
2870:
2848:
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1358:
652:
550:
172:
under Nazi occupation, has been criticized as trivializing the Holocaust or antisemitic. The
2772:
2268:
960:
807:
765:
231:
121:
1495:, did not find much ground, neither in Germany nor elsewhere in international discussions.
639:, the first historian from the United States to examine Moscow's Central State Archive on
8:
3144:
2701:
2502:
1923:
1797:
1724:
1282:
1217:
797:
616:
155:
41:
2024:
419:
379:
writes that the double genocide theory proposes the existence of an equivalency between
376:
3120:
3021:
2841:
2747:
2651:
2429:
2397:
2003:
1913:
1593:
1066:
1058:
700:
244:
1917:
1441:
Der rote Holocaust und die Deutschen: die Debatte um das "Schwarzbuch des Kommunismus"
1278:"Israel livid as Brazil's Lula says Israel like 'Hitler,' committing genocide in Gaza"
149:
3165:
3160:
2722:
2440:
2323:
2291:
1961:
1946:
1927:
1693:
1617:
1556:
1518:
1484:
1448:
1419:
1334:
1070:
1050:
1004:
966:
802:
708:
513:
292:
31:
1613:
Shared History, Divided Memory: Jews and Others in Soviet-Occupied Poland, 1939–1941
887:. International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania. pp. 47, 59 – via
263:
2376:
2333:
2235:
2188:
1995:
1832:
1720:"Yad Vashem chief: Russia trivializing Holocaust with false 'denazification' claim"
1683:
1480:
1390:
1042:
785:
760:
672:
669:
Disinformation in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine § Allegations of Nazism
612:
604:.' With the term 'Holo-hoax' referring to the Nazi slaughter of six million Jews."
601:
87:
3170:
3036:
2928:
2834:
2717:
2140:
2038:
1611:
1546:
1508:
1409:
994:
750:
712:
636:
545:
537:
505:
453:
388:
214:
161:
125:
180:
of trivializing and distorting the Holocaust specifically in the context of the
132:
3155:
3100:
2895:
2582:
2348:
2286:
2129:
2094:
1445:
The Red Holocaust and the Germans: The Debates on the "Black Book of Communism"
732:
644:
608:
563:
429:
361:
267:
1638:
1149:. 41st General Council. United Church of Canada. 1 August 2012. Archived from
1046:
3213:
2996:
2625:
2407:
2371:
2108:
1773:
1697:
1054:
711:
between the Russian invasion and the Holocaust, while Israeli Prime Minister
685:
648:
567:
441:
206:
59:
27:
881:
Distortion, negationism and minimization of the Holocaust in postwar Romania
2991:
2981:
2882:
2802:
2620:
2490:
2412:
2317:
2146:
1798:"On the Russian Invasion of Ukraine and Vladimir Putin's Abuse of Language"
1782:
571:
468:
365:
177:
165:
117:
113:
101:
23:
1394:
562:
against Ukrainians. According to Coplon, "In the latest catalogue for the
3031:
2767:
2256:
2044:
1548:
Holocaust Public Memory in Postcommunist Romania, Studies in Antisemitism
632:
620:
528:
The American investigative journalist Jeff Coplon posits that there is a
476:
433:
424:, this term is not popular among scholars in Germany or internationally.
322:
210:
105:
67:
46:
1597:
1489:
A coining of communism as 'red Holocaust,' as had been suggested by the
1062:
878:
Friling, Tuvia; Ioanid, Radu; Ionescu, Mihail E.; Benjamin, Lya (2004).
190:
to describe Israel's treatment of the Palestinians, among other abuses.
3180:
3150:
3053:
2479:
2260:
2193:
2007:
1984:
Sullam Calimani, Anna-Vera (October 1999). "A Name for Extermination".
1823:
1751:
704:
677:
471:
platforms have trivialized the Holocaust. In 2020, teenagers posted on
239:
235:
657:
Office of Special Investigations (United States Department of Justice)
2966:
International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust
2434:
2087:
1415:
597:
533:
380:
357:
50:
2752:
2020:
1999:
1688:
16:
Inappropriate comparisons or analogies that trivialize the Holocaust
559:
2935:
The Other Side: The Secret Relationship Between Nazism and Zionism
1249:
529:
480:
327:
272:
54:
1966:
Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism
1778:"The antisemitism animating Putin's claim to 'denazify' Ukraine"
1747:"Yad Vashem Statement Regarding the Russian Invasion of Ukraine"
258:
Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism § In political discourse
472:
384:
276:
1245:"Palestinian President Abbas skirts apology for Munich attack"
936:. The Holocaust Exhibition and Learning Centre. Archived from
2762:
1331:
New Directions in the History of the Jews in the Polish Lands
962:
Comprehending the Holocaust: Historical and Literary Research
520:
killed only 6 million Jews. They further posit that the term
517:
331:
319:
New Directions in the History of the Jews in the Polish Lands
296:
251:
217:
by Palestinian terrorists. Scholz stated in a message to the
186:
1669:"Thirty Years of Research on the Holodomor: A Balance Sheet"
1304:"How Holocaust Memory was Hijacked in Post-Communist States"
877:
715:
found the comparison of the two events to be inappropriate.
2782:
1155:
959:
Cohen, Asher; Gelber, Joav; Wardi, Charlotte, eds. (1988).
353:
219:
169:
124:
and the Soviet Union—trivialized the Holocaust, and echoed
112:", there was no moral difference between the crimes of the
2778:
Gesellschaft zur Rechtlichen und Humanitären Unterstützung
1882:
696:
denounced Putin's characterization of Holocaust history.
592:
558:, particularly that in Ukraine in the same period, was a
1707:– via Holodomor Research and Education Consortium.
1610:
Barkan, Elazar; Cole, Elizabeth A.; Struve, Kai (2007).
1500:
873:
871:
647:, as rejecting "Conquest's hunt for a new holocaust".
299:
victims with Jewish Holocaust victims, as was done in
906:. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Archived from
868:
1507:
Goslan, Richard Joseph; Rousso, Henry, eds. (2004).
851:"Inappropriate Comparisons Trivialize the Holocaust"
722:
3096:
Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime
1878:"Israelis Reject Zelenskyy's Holocaust Comparisons"
1828:"Putin's Hitler-like tricks and tactics in Ukraine"
96:, many scholars believed the position taken in the
2658:On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians
2356:Negationism of the military dictatorship of Brazil
825:Link between the Herero genocide and the Holocaust
2033:. League for Human Rights of Canada. March 2000.
1958:Acta – Analysis of Current Trends in Antisemitism
1802:Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies
1510:Stalinism and Nazism: History and Memory Compared
1411:The Holocaust/Genocide Template in Eastern Europe
1363:Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies
1115:"Government Advocacy Around Palestine and Israel"
489:
475:videos of themselves dressed in Holocaust-themed
373:The Holocaust/Genocide Template in Eastern Europe
305:, as an attempt at Holocaust trivialization. The
3211:
1466:
1464:
958:
512:in an attempt to promote the narrative that the
205:During a visit to Berlin, Palestinian President
184:. According to the ADL, Atzmon invoked the word
1624:. Retrieved 2 December 2020 – via Google Books.
1297:
1295:
1293:
643:, and veteran Sovietologist Roberta Manning of
413:) at Munich. According to the German historian
139:
2818:Zeitgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle Ingolstadt
1632:
1630:
1352:
1350:
904:"The Multiple Distortions of Holocaust Memory"
662:
596:] until recently, perhaps because a real '
2758:Centre for the Study of the Causes of the War
2060:
1973:"The dangers of calling the Holocaust unique"
1616:. Leipziger Universitätsverlag. pp. 120–121.
1461:
927:
925:
1506:
1490:
1333:. Academic Studies Press. pp. 386–401.
1290:
1181:"CIJA slams United Church stance on Mideast"
1146:The Working Group on Israel/Palestine Policy
934:"Why Holocaust Trivialisation Isn't Trivial"
408:
1816:
1627:
1347:
901:
746:Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany
690:Fortunoff Archive for Holocaust Testimonies
611:, such as the father of modern Sovietology
2890:A History of the Palestinian People (2017)
2074:
2067:
2053:
993:Caplan, Jane, ed. (2008). "Introduction".
922:
252:Post-Communist states and Holocaust memory
2855:Coverage of the Hillsborough disaster by
2530:
1766:
1687:
1447:] (in German). Munich: Piper Verlag.
1024:
341:
2234:
1470:
902:Gerstenfeld, Manfred (28 October 2007).
2631:There was no such thing as Palestinians
1852:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
1772:
1676:East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies
1407:
1327:
1301:
889:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
781:History of the Jews during World War II
266:, the Holocaust memory was hijacked in
3212:
2329:Denial of state terrorism in Argentina
1636:
1438:
1356:
1275:
1178:
992:
931:
849:Foxman, Abraham H. (27 January 2014).
848:
699:On 21 March 2022, Ukrainian president
631:was groundbreaking in social history,
516:killed 10 million Ukrainians, but the
2162:Atrocities against Indigenous peoples
2048:
1858:from the original on 25 February 2022
1848:"Museum concerned about loss of life"
1666:
1544:
1380:
1030:
629:Russian Peasants and the Soviet Power
262:According to the political scientist
110:Final Solution to the Jewish Question
66:The Holocaust survivor and memoirist
2209:U.S. cover-up of Japanese war crimes
1971:Stannard, David E. (2 August 1996).
1583:
1302:Subotić, Jelena (18 November 2019).
705:Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial Center
570:affiliate run by flamboyant fascist
230:compared Israeli actions during the
195:Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs
2813:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1939:The Holocaust in Historical Context
1932:Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
741:Armenian genocide and the Holocaust
79:
13:
2788:Iğdır Genocide Memorial and Museum
1894:
1822:
1492:Munich Institut fur Zeitgeschichte
1276:Berman, Lazar (18 February 2024).
651:, who was general counsel for the
607:Coplon reports opinions of expert
578:is listed cheek-by-jowl with such
410:Munich Institut für Zeitgeschichte
14:
3246:
2902:The Hoax of the Twentieth Century
2647:Allegations of genocide in Donbas
2539:Destruction of Armenian heritage
2446:Destruction of cultural heritage
2403:Ancient Egyptian race controversy
2031:"Antisemitism and Hate in Canada"
2014:
1978:The Chronicle of Higher Education
1717:
1639:"In Search of a Soviet Holocaust"
1091:. 30 January 2012. Archived from
405:Institute of Contemporary History
3194:
3193:
1667:Sysyn, Frank (23 January 2015).
1637:Coplon, Jeff (12 January 1988).
1485:10.1111/j.1467-8675.2009.00526.x
1253:. 16 August 2022. Archived from
1221:. 16 August 2022. Archived from
965:. Bern: Peter Lang. p. 13.
725:
394:
74:
2798:Institute for Historical Review
2793:Institute for Armenian Research
2616:Denial of the 7 October attacks
2517:Shakespeare authorship question
2226:Denial of the 7 October attacks
1870:
1840:
1790:
1739:
1711:
1660:
1604:
1586:Jewish Political Studies Review
1577:
1538:
1432:
1401:
1374:
1357:Shafir, Michael (Summer 2016).
1321:
1269:
1237:
1205:
1172:
1137:
932:Rudrum, David (16 March 2021).
536:link in positing the famine as
462:
146:Palestinian genocide accusation
63:in defence of the environment.
2522:Territorial losses of Thailand
1107:
1077:
986:
952:
895:
842:
554:popularized the view that the
490:Soviet and Ukrainian Holocaust
53:to oppose nuclear weapons and
1:
3235:Political science terminology
2909:I Am More Than a Wolf Whistle
2728:Vietnam stab-in-the-back myth
2344:Lost Cause of the Confederacy
2177:Genocide of Serbs during WWII
2115:school textbook controversies
1034:Contemporary European History
835:
756:Genocide recognition politics
508:because of its similarity to
312:Buchenwald concentration camp
295:criticized the comparison of
3062:Lehideux and Isorni v France
2949:Report about Case Srebrenica
2923:Journal of Historical Review
2425:Censorship of Great Zimbabwe
2041:. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
1981:. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
1515:University of Nebraska Press
1085:"Backgrounder: Gilad Atzmon"
694:US Holocaust Memorial Museum
182:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
150:Nazi analogies § Israel
140:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7:
2864:Did Six Million Really Die?
2497:Like sheep to the slaughter
1179:Lungen, Paul (7 May 2012).
830:The Holocaust and the Nakba
820:Holocaust uniqueness debate
718:
682:Russian invasion of Ukraine
663:Russian invasion of Ukraine
655:and former director of the
496:Holodomor genocide question
426:Alexandra Laignel-Lavastine
307:Historical Museum of Serbia
302:The Black Book of Communism
202:to Jews" in the Holocaust.
164:to Nazis, or the plight of
98:Holocaust uniqueness debate
10:
3251:
3070:Irving v Penguin Books Ltd
2987:J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing
2808:Turkish Historical Society
2339:Ferdinand Marcos apologism
1987:The Modern Language Review
1928:"Holocaust Trivialization"
1654:Montclair State University
1408:Radonić, Ljiljana (2020).
666:
625:University of Pennsylvania
556:Soviet famine of 1932–1933
493:
345:
255:
226:After Brazilian President
153:
143:
85:
3189:
3131:Historical misconceptions
3113:
3088:
3045:
3012:
3005:
2974:
2958:
2826:
2740:
2710:
2684:
2639:
2608:
2575:
2385:
2307:
2139:
2082:
2037:27 September 2007 at the
2027:). OSCE. 4 December 2019.
1592:(3/4). Jerusalem: 73–92.
1572:– via Google Books.
1534:– via Google Books.
1047:10.1017/S0960777312000070
1020:– via Google Books.
982:– via Google Books.
430:extermination of the Jews
228:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
3230:Holocaust historiography
3220:Historical controversies
2674:Denial of Crimean Tatars
2503:Myth of the golden exile
1553:Indiana University Press
1186:The Canadian Jewish News
814:Is the Holocaust Unique?
479:, and TikTok banned the
285:Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović
20:Holocaust trivialization
3078:Perinçek v. Switzerland
2508:Phantom time hypothesis
2102:Knowledge falsification
1943:Oxford University Press
1906:Purdue University Press
1371:Quote at pp. 64 and 74.
1119:United Church of Canada
1001:Oxford University Press
641:Soviet collectivization
600:' might compete with a
199:United Church of Canada
45:trivialization include
3176:Genocide justification
3139:Accusation in a mirror
3126:Historical revisionism
2942:The Ottoman Lieutenant
2393:Allah as a lunar deity
2280:Double genocide theory
2076:Historical negationism
1918:10.5703/shofar.29.1.73
1491:
1439:Möller, Horst (1999).
1089:Anti-Defamation League
855:Anti-Defamation League
792:The Holocaust Industry
776:Historical revisionism
771:Historical negationism
438:double genocide theory
409:
348:Double genocide theory
342:Double genocide theory
321:(2018), the historian
281:historical revisionism
174:Anti-Defamation League
2871:Falsifiers of History
2849:The Birth of a Nation
2600:Stab-in-the-back myth
2377:Operation Legacy (UK)
2244:Austria victim theory
1937:Katz, Steven (1994).
1395:10.3917/ethn.182.0225
667:Further information:
653:World Jewish Congress
576:The Harvest of Sorrow
551:The Harvest of Sorrow
197:(CIJA) condemned the
131:The German historian
104:intellectuals led by
2997:Nation Europa Verlag
2773:FactCheckArmenia.com
2669:Censorship of images
2386:Other manifestations
2269:Italiani brava gente
1924:Gerstenfeld, Manfred
1854:. 24 February 2022.
1776:(26 February 2022).
1383:Ethnologie française
1193:on 11 September 2024
808:Israel and apartheid
766:Genocides in history
504:has been adopted by
122:Bolshevik Revolution
3161:Conspiracy theories
3145:Ash heap of history
2702:Sun Language Theory
2467:Myth of English aid
1725:The Times of Israel
1283:The Times of Israel
1218:The Times of Israel
798:Holocaust inversion
617:Stanford University
156:Holocaust inversion
42:Manfred Gerstenfeld
3121:Historical fiction
2916:Jasenovac – istina
2842:A Verdade Sufocada
2748:Adelaide Institute
2652:All-Russian nation
2609:Israel / Palestine
2588:Myth of Langemarck
2567:Western Azerbaijan
2430:Christ myth theory
2398:Ancient astronauts
2308:Other whitewashing
2182:Croatian Knowledge
2172:Cambodian genocide
1718:Gross, Judah Ari.
1555:. pp. 41–71.
703:was criticized by
701:Volodymyr Zelensky
584:The Auschwitz Myth
484:Holocaustchallenge
403:was coined by the
245:Benjamin Netanyahu
238:, the chairman of
234:to the Holocaust,
3207:
3206:
3166:False attribution
3109:
3108:
3089:International law
2975:Publishing houses
2736:
2735:
2723:Irish slaves myth
2543:Cemetery in Julfa
2486:Khazar hypothesis
2441:Damnatio memoriae
2324:Czechoslovak myth
2303:
2302:
2216:Rohingya genocide
2157:Armenian genocide
1968:. 19. p. 23.
1962:Hebrew University
1562:978-0-253-03274-4
1524:978-0-803-29000-6
1454:978-3-492-04119-5
1425:978-1-000-71212-4
1340:978-83-944262-9-3
1158:(Microsoft Word))
1010:978-0-19-164774-1
1003:. pp. 8–12.
972:978-3-63-140428-7
803:Holocaust studies
709:false equivalence
588:Hitler At My Side
514:Soviet Communists
293:Wiesel Commission
32:Wiesel Commission
3242:
3225:Holocaust denial
3197:
3196:
3010:
3009:
2596:
2556:
2528:
2527:
2475:
2364:
2334:Driftwood theory
2232:
2231:
2221:Rwandan genocide
2204:Nanjing Massacre
2199:Khojaly massacre
2167:Bosnian genocide
2069:
2062:
2055:
2046:
2045:
1926:(9 April 2008).
1888:
1887:
1886:. 21 March 2022.
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1833:The Boston Globe
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1691:
1673:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1634:
1625:
1622:978-3-86583240-5
1608:
1602:
1601:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1468:
1459:
1458:
1436:
1430:
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1405:
1399:
1398:
1378:
1372:
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1354:
1345:
1344:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1299:
1288:
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1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1189:. Archived from
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1160:on 13 March 2023
1159:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1125:on 13 March 2023
1121:. Archived from
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
956:
950:
949:
947:
945:
940:on 13 March 2023
929:
920:
919:
917:
915:
899:
893:
892:
886:
875:
866:
865:
863:
861:
846:
786:Holocaust denial
761:Genocide studies
735:
730:
729:
728:
673:Fascist (insult)
613:Alexander Dallin
457:
423:
412:
377:Ljiljana Radonić
291:A report by the
232:Israel–Hamas war
94:Historikerstreit
88:Historikerstreit
81:Historikerstreit
3250:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3185:
3171:Furtive fallacy
3135:
3105:
3084:
3041:
3001:
2970:
2954:
2929:Leuchter report
2835:A Town Betrayed
2822:
2732:
2718:1776 Commission
2706:
2692:Denial of Kurds
2680:
2635:
2604:
2590:
2571:
2550:
2526:
2469:
2381:
2358:
2309:
2299:
2230:
2149:
2144:
2141:Genocide denial
2135:
2123:Rationalization
2078:
2073:
2039:Wayback Machine
2017:
2000:10.2307/3737232
1897:
1895:Further reading
1892:
1891:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1824:Snyder, Timothy
1821:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1689:10.21226/T26P4M
1671:
1665:
1661:
1647:
1645:
1635:
1628:
1609:
1605:
1582:
1578:
1574:Quote at p. 46.
1567:
1565:
1563:
1551:. Bloomington:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1505:
1501:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1406:
1402:
1379:
1375:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1300:
1291:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1225:on 15 July 2024
1211:
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1177:
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1143:
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1113:
1112:
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1078:
1029:
1025:
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1011:
991:
987:
977:
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973:
957:
953:
943:
941:
930:
923:
913:
911:
910:on 4 March 2024
900:
896:
884:
876:
869:
859:
857:
847:
843:
838:
751:Genocide denial
731:
726:
724:
721:
713:Naftali Bennett
707:for creating a
675:
665:
637:SUNY-Binghamton
546:Robert Conquest
538:Soviet genocide
506:anti-communists
498:
492:
467:Some trends on
465:
451:
417:
397:
350:
344:
260:
254:
215:Munich massacre
162:State of Israel
158:
152:
144:Main articles:
142:
126:Nazi propaganda
90:
84:
77:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3248:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3205:
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3201:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3156:Cherry picking
3153:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3101:Right to truth
3098:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3074:
3066:
3058:
3049:
3047:
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3018:
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2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2896:Hitler Diaries
2893:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2823:
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2733:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2697:History Thesis
2694:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2585:
2583:Borussian myth
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2562:Nizami Ganjavi
2559:
2558:
2557:
2545:
2536:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2512:New chronology
2505:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2476:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2444:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
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2420:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2349:Dunning School
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2313:
2311:
2310:of governments
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2289:
2287:Vichy syndrome
2284:
2283:
2282:
2275:Trivialization
2272:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2246:
2240:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2201:
2196:
2194:Katyn massacre
2191:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2150:and atrocities
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2130:Victim blaming
2126:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2105:
2098:
2095:Disinformation
2091:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2028:
2016:
2015:External links
2013:
2012:
2011:
1994:(4): 978–999.
1982:
1969:
1954:
1935:
1921:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1869:
1839:
1815:
1804:. 2 March 2022
1789:
1774:Stanley, Jason
1765:
1738:
1710:
1659:
1626:
1603:
1576:
1561:
1537:
1523:
1499:
1479:(1): 167–181.
1473:Constellations
1460:
1453:
1431:
1424:
1400:
1389:(2): 225–242.
1373:
1346:
1339:
1320:
1308:Balkan Insight
1289:
1268:
1257:on 12 May 2024
1236:
1204:
1171:
1136:
1106:
1095:on 12 May 2012
1076:
1041:(2): 133–143.
1023:
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733:History portal
720:
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664:
661:
645:Boston College
609:Sovietologists
564:Noontide Press
491:
488:
464:
461:
396:
393:
362:Michael Shafir
343:
340:
336:jüdische Geist
268:post-Communist
264:Jelena Subotić
253:
250:
176:(ADL) accused
160:Comparing the
141:
138:
83:
78:
76:
73:
36:trivialization
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2741:Organizations
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2711:United States
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2626:Temple denial
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2408:Antiquization
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2109:Pseudohistory
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1960:. Jerusalem:
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1948:
1944:
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2803:Nippon Kaigi
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2621:Nakba denial
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2491:LGBT erasure
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2455:Saudi Arabia
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2365: /
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463:Social media
449:Clemens Heni
446:
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366:antisemitism
351:
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261:
225:
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178:Gilad Atzmon
166:Palestinians
159:
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130:
118:Nazi Germany
114:Soviet Union
102:conservative
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2768:Dalit Voice
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621:Moshe Lewin
580:revisionist
477:fancy dress
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418: [
323:Dan Michman
211:Olaf Scholz
168:to that of
106:Ernst Nolte
92:During the
68:Elie Wiesel
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26:during the
3214:Categories
3181:Propaganda
3151:Censorship
3054:R v Zundel
2548:Nakhchivan
2532:Azerbaijan
2460:Gaza Strip
2261:Speer myth
2145:denial of
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1752:Yad Vashem
1568:2 December
1530:2 December
1414:. London:
1197:2 December
1164:2 December
1129:2 December
1099:2 December
1016:2 December
999:. Oxford:
978:2 December
944:10 January
914:2 December
836:References
678:Yad Vashem
494:See also:
356:one and a
346:See also:
256:See also:
240:Yad Vashem
236:Dani Dayan
154:See also:
86:See also:
2480:Izbrisani
2435:Dacianism
2251:Wehrmacht
2236:Holocaust
2189:Holodomor
2088:Denialism
1698:2292-7956
1416:Routledge
1261:16 August
1229:16 August
1071:143701601
1055:0960-7773
860:9 January
602:Holo-hoax
598:Holocaust
582:tomes as
542:holocaust
534:far-right
522:Holodomor
502:Holodomor
399:The term
381:communism
358:Stalinist
243:Minister
51:Auschwitz
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28:Holocaust
3199:Category
3046:Case law
2877:Flatline
2035:Archived
1856:Archived
1598:25834800
1313:3 August
1063:41485456
719:See also
627:, whose
560:genocide
34:defined
3114:Related
3037:Germany
3027:Belgium
3022:Austria
2857:The Sun
2576:Germany
2008:3737232
1808:7 March
1758:7 March
1731:7 March
1250:AP News
623:of the
530:fascist
481:hashtag
432:by the
328:Tunisia
273:Croatia
57:citing
55:Al Gore
3081:(2013)
3073:(2000)
3065:(1998)
3057:(1992)
3032:France
2753:ASİMKK
2685:Turkey
2640:Russia
2257:Rommel
2249:Clean
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