2581:
327:
3091:
1536:
2971:
2778:
2299:
2624:
3164:
2963:
2636:
1685:
3133:
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56:
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4621:: "Following an inspiration from on high, Macarius caused the three crosses to be carried, one after the other, to the bedside of a worthy woman who was at the point of death. The touch of the other two was of no avail; but on touching that upon which Christ had died the woman got suddenly well again. From a letter of St. Paulinus to Severus inserted in the Breviary of Paris it would appear that St. Helena herself had sought by means of a miracle to discover which was the True Cross and that she caused a man already dead and buried to be carried to the spot, whereupon, by contact with the third cross, he came to life. From yet another tradition, related by
2684:
2648:
2058:
2711:, in reference to a small shrine. The Aedicule has two rooms: the first holds a relic called the Angel's Stone, which is believed to be a fragment of the large stone that sealed the tomb; the second, smaller room contains the tomb of Jesus. Possibly to prevent pilgrims from removing bits of the original rock as souvenirs, by 1555, a surface of marble cladding was placed on the tomb to prevent further damage to the tomb. In October 2016, the top slab was pulled back to reveal an older, partially broken marble slab with a Crusader-style cross carved in it. Beneath it, the limestone burial bed was revealed to be intact.
3036:
1178:
2070:
3197:
2855:
2453:
3008:
1255:
1169:
3524:
2319:
9512:
2461:
2660:
2910:
2612:
2251:—is placed in front of, and between, the church's two original entrance doors, of which the eastern one is walled up. It is one of the few tombs of crusaders and other Europeans not removed from the Church after the Khwarizmian capture of Jerusalem in 1244. In the 1900s, during a fight between the Greeks and Latins, some monks damaged the tomb by throwing stones from the roof. A stone marker was placed on his tomb in 1925, sheltered by a wooden trapdoor that hides it from view.
1820:
2871:
1751:
3504:, a Franciscan priest and archaeologist, who was present at the excavations, estimated from the archaeological evidence that the western retaining wall of the temple itself would have passed extremely close to the east side of the supposed tomb; if the wall had been any further west any tomb would have been crushed under the weight of the wall (which would be immediately above it) if it had not already been destroyed when foundations for the wall were made.
9946:
8920:
3323:. The wooden doors that compose the main entrance are the original, highly carved doors. The Joudeh al-Goudia (al-Ghodayya) family were entrusted as custodian to the keys of the Holy Sepulchre by Saladin in 1187. Despite occasional disagreements, religious services take place in the Church with regularity and coexistence is generally peaceful. An example of concord between the Church custodians is the full restoration of the Aedicule from 2016 to 2017.
1838:, and that area has remained under Israeli control ever since. Under Israeli rule, legal arrangements relating to the churches of East Jerusalem were maintained in coordination with the Jordanian government. The dome at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was restored again in 1994–97 as part of extensive modern renovations that have been ongoing since 1959. During the 1970–78 restoration works and excavations inside the building, and under the nearby
3484:, which is smaller than the former forum). The forum itself had been placed, as is traditional in Roman towns, at the junction of the main north–south road with the other main east–west road (which is now El-Bazar/David Street). The temple and forum together took up the entire space between the two main east–west roads (a few above-ground remains of the east end of the temple precinct still survive in the Alexander Nevsky Church complex of the
3237:
9934:
8908:
9958:
8932:
3663:
3649:
1961:
3515:(Venus) matching Corbo's design, and no archaeological evidence for Corbo's suggestion that the temple building was on a platform raised high enough to avoid including anything sited where the Aedicule is now; indeed Bahat notes that many temples to Aphrodite have a rotunda-like design, and argues that there is no archaeological reason to assume that the present rotunda was not based on a rotunda in the temple previously on the site.
2954:-type funeral shafts radiating from a central chamber, two of which are still exposed. Although this space was discovered relatively recently and contains no identifying marks, some believe that Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus were buried here. Since Jews always buried their dead outside the city, the presence of this tomb seems to prove that the Holy Sepulchre site was outside the city walls at the time of the crucifixion.
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1341:. In 841, the church suffered a fire. In 935, the Christians prevented the construction of a Muslim mosque adjacent to the Church. In 938, a new fire damaged the inside of the basilica and came close to the rotunda. In 966, due to a defeat of Muslim armies in the region of Syria, a riot broke out, which was followed by reprisals. The basilica was burned again. The doors and roof were burnt, and Patriarch
3457:
1472:. Historians agree that the fate of Jerusalem and thereby the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was also of concern, if not the immediate goal of papal policy in 1095. The idea of taking Jerusalem gained more focus as the Crusade was underway. The rebuilt church site was taken from the Fatimids (who had recently taken it from the Abbasids) by the knights of the First Crusade on 15 July 1099.
3992:
1528:, chronicler of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, reports on the rebuilding of the church in the mid-12th century. The Crusaders investigated the eastern ruins on the site, occasionally excavating through the rubble, and while attempting to reach the cistern, they discovered part of the original ground level of Hadrian's temple enclosure; they transformed this space into a
1410:
from the passion, such as the location of the prison of Christ and his flagellation, and presumably were so placed because of the difficulties of free movement among shrines in the city streets. The dedication of these chapels indicates the importance of the pilgrims' devotion to the suffering of Christ. They have been described as "a sort of
3448:– an organization that seeks to increase the number of Jews living in the Old City and East Jerusalem. The church leaders warned that if the organization gets to control the sites, Christians could lose access to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. In June 2022, the Supreme Court upheld the sale and ended the legal battle.
3437:. But, due to property sales, these properties are diminishing every year. The decision to sell is made by Greek leaders, even though most local followers of the church are Arab Palestinians. The Palestinian Christians have raised concerns about selling these properties to Israeli settler-affiliated organizations.
1409:
The rebuilt church site consisted of "a court open to the sky, with five small chapels attached to it." The chapels were east of the court of resurrection (when reconstructed, the location of the tomb was under open sky), where the western wall of the great basilica had been. They commemorated scenes
7047:
The
Patriarch's Seat is on the south-east end, and the corresponding one, immediately opposite, is occupied by one of the Archbishops of this Patriarchate, when required. This north-east Seat is popularly understood to be the throne of the Patriarch of Antioch. Even Dr. C. Schick and Baedeker make
1620:
in 1244 but probably remained mostly intact until 1808 when a fire damaged the church. The tombs may have been destroyed by the fire, or during renovations by the Greek
Orthodox custodians of the church in 1809–1810. The remains of the kings may still be in unmarked pits under the church's pavement.
1359:
as part of a more general campaign against
Christian places of worship in Palestine and Egypt. The damage was extensive, with few parts of the early church remaining, and the roof of the rock-cut tomb damaged; the original shrine was destroyed. Some partial repairs followed. Christian Europe reacted
6633:
This reliquary, now in the
Treasury of the Greek Patriarch in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, was discovered in 1893 ... the Church of Mar Hanna, formerly the Conventual Church of the Hospitallers ... The reliquary is of crystal in the shape of mitre set in a framework of gilded bronze, decorated
4748:
in: Wolfram R. Keller & Dagmar
Schlueter (Ed.) 'A fantastic and abstruse Latinity'? Hiberno-Continental Cultural and Literary Interactions in the Middle Ages, Studien und Texte zur Keltologie (Münster: Nodus Publikationen), p. 66. "...there is not a single publication on the Holy Sepulchre
2358:
has been responsible for opening the door as an impartial party to the church's denominations already since the seventh century. However, they themselves admit that the documents held by various
Christian denominations only mention their role since the 12th century, in the time of Saladin, which is
1859:
East of the Chapel of Saint Helena, the excavators discovered a void containing a second-century drawing of a Roman pilgrim ship, two low walls supporting the platform of
Hadrian's second-century temple, and a higher fourth-century wall built to support Constantine's basilica. After the excavations
1414:
in miniature" since little or no rebuilding took place on the site of the great basilica. Western pilgrims to
Jerusalem during the 11th century found much of the sacred site in ruins. Control of Jerusalem, and thereby the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, continued to change hands several times between
1400:
sermons were to be pronounced in az-Zahir's name. Muslim sources say a by-product of the agreement was the renunciation of Islam by many
Christians who had been forced to convert under al-Hakim's persecutions. In addition, the Byzantines, while releasing 5,000 Muslim prisoners, made demands for the
3540:
The New
Testament describes Jesus's tomb as being outside the city wall, as was normal for burials across the ancient world, which were regarded as unclean. Today, the site of the Church is within the current walls of the old city of Jerusalem. It has been well documented by archaeologists that in
5014:
The church was called 'the Resurrection' by many Byzantine writers, and it is this title that was adopted by Christian and Muslim Arab historians from the 10th century onward... Robinson and Smith (1856: 377, n. 1) noted that local Jerusalemites of the 19th century still called the church by its
4660:
Then indeed did this most holy cave present a faithful similitude of his return to life, in that, after lying buried in darkness, it again emerged to light, and afforded to all who came to witness the sight, a clear and visible proof of the wonders of which that spot had once been the scene, a
2405:
of the Cross), which can be touched through a hole in the floor beneath the altar. The rock can be seen under protective glass on both sides of the altar. The softer surrounding stone was removed when the church was built. The Roman Catholic (Franciscan) Chapel of the Nailing of the Cross (the
1901:
were present. Initially, only a layer of debris was visible. This was cleared in the next day, and a partially broken marble slab with a Crusader-style cross carved was revealed. By the night of 28 October, the original limestone burial bed was shown to be intact. The tomb was resealed shortly
1405:
in Jerusalem. Contemporary sources credit the emperor with spending vast sums in an effort to restore the Church of the Holy Sepulchre after this agreement was made. Still, "a total replacement was far beyond available resources. The new construction was concentrated on the rotunda and its
3360:, in April 2008, a brawl broke out when a Greek monk was ejected from the building by a rival faction. Police were called to the scene but were also attacked by the enraged brawlers. On Sunday, 9 November 2008, a clash erupted between Armenian and Greek monks during celebrations for the
3381:
over 152 million euros of uncollected taxes on church properties. The city hall stressed that the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and all other churches are exempt from the taxes, with the changes only affecting establishments like "hotels, halls and businesses" owned by the churches.
2825:
of Jerusalem consecrated. It was at the initiative of Israeli professor Gustav Kühnel to erect a new crucifix at the church that would not only be worthy of the singularity of the site, but that would also become a symbol of the efforts of unity in the community of Christian faith.
1727:
3566:
of the Old City of Jerusalem are both located in the northwestern and western part of the Old City, due to the fact that the Holy Sepulchre is located close to the northwestern corner of the walled city. The adjacent neighbourhood within the Christian Quarter is called the
2388:
Just inside the church entrance is a stairway leading up to Calvary (Golgotha), traditionally regarded as the site of Jesus's crucifixion and the most lavishly decorated part of the church. The exit is via another stairway opposite the first, leading down to the
1154:
About 326, Constantine ordered that the temple to Jupiter or Venus be replaced by a church. After the temple was torn down and its ruins removed, the soil was removed from the cave, revealing a rock-cut tomb that Macarius identified as the burial site of Jesus.
2994:(Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament), directly north of the above – in memory of Jesus's meeting with his mother after the Resurrection, a non-scriptural tradition. Here stands a piece of an ancient column, allegedly part of the one Jesus was tied to during his
1322:
visited the church and stopped to pray on the balcony, but at the time of prayer, turned away from the church and prayed outside. He feared that future generations would misinterpret this gesture, taking it as a pretext to turn the church into a mosque.
3331:
The establishment of the modern Status Quo in 1853 did not halt controversy and occasional violence. In 1902, 18 friars were hospitalized and some monks were jailed after the Franciscans and Greeks disagreed over who could clean the lowest step of the
2326:
The wooden doors that compose the main entrance are the original, highly carved arched doors. Today, only the left-hand entrance is currently accessible, as the right doorway has long since been bricked up. The entrance to the church leads to the south
1680:
was placed to envelop the remains of Christ's tomb, probably to prevent pilgrims from touching the original rock or taking small pieces as souvenirs. A marble slab was placed over the limestone burial bed where Jesus's body is believed to have lain.
3389:, a measure which church leaders assert constitutes a serious violation of their property rights and the Status Quo. In a joint official statement the church authorities protested what they considered to be the peak of a systematic campaign in:
956:
in 1099, it continued to undergo modifications, resulting in a significant departure from the original structure. Several renovations and restorations were made under the Ottomans. The tomb itself is enclosed by a 19th-century shrine called the
3143:
Chapel of Saint Helena – between the Chapel of the Division of Robes and the Greek Chapel of the Derision are stairs descending to the Chapel of Saint Helena. The Armenians, who own it, call it the Chapel of St. Gregory the Illuminator, after
2425:. According to tradition, Jesus was crucified over the place where Adam's skull was buried. According to some, the blood of Christ ran down the cross and through the rocks to fill Adam's skull. Through a window at the back of the 11th-century
7102:
It contains two episcopal thrones: the one on the right (south), which is the official "cathedra" of the Patriarch of Jerusalem, and the one on the left (north), where any other Orthodox bishop whom he designates may sit and preside if he is
4741:
6393:
and the first ruler of Palestine and a forefather of the Nuseibeh family. .... Records and manuscripts kept by the various Christian denominations....all record the Nuseibeh family's and Bani Ghanem's relationship with the Holy Sepulchre,
3541:
the time of Jesus, the walled city was smaller and the wall then was to the east of the current site of the Church. In other words, the city had been much narrower in Jesus's time, with the site then having been outside the walls; since
1746:
Another decree in 1853 from the sultan solidified the existing territorial division among the communities and solidified the Status Quo for arrangements to "remain in their present state", requiring consensus to make even minor changes.
3410:
had proposed a bill that will make it harder for a private company not to extend a lease for land used by homeowners. The church leaders have said that such a bill will make it harder for them to sell church-owned lands. According to
3348:
moved his chair from its agreed spot into the shade. This was interpreted as a hostile move by the Ethiopians and eleven were hospitalized after the resulting fight. In another incident in 2004, during Orthodox celebrations of the
8384:
3594:
Several churches and monasteries in Europe, for instance, in Germany and Russia, and at least one church in the United States have been wholly or partially modelled on the Church of the Resurrection, some even reproducing other
3987:
1892:. The existence of the original limestone cave walls within the Aedicule was confirmed, and a window was created to view this from the inside. The presence of moisture led to the discovery of an underground shaft resembling an
7774:
6170:
Underneath Our Lady of Sorrows is the Greek Oratory of St. Mary of Egypt, in memory of her conversion that is said to have occurred in the atrium of the Holy Sepulchre before an icon of Mary the Mother of God that was kept
3393:
a discriminatory and racist bill that targets solely the properties of the Christian community in the Holy Land ... This reminds us all of laws of a similar nature which were enacted against the Jews during dark periods in
7345:
7875:
2786:
3548:
The area immediately to the south and east of the sepulchre was a quarry and outside the city during the early first century as excavations under the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer across the street demonstrated.
2580:
2429:, the rock of Calvary can be seen with a crack traditionally held to be caused by the earthquake that followed Jesus's death; some scholars claim it is the result of quarrying against a natural flaw in the rock.
1802:
had an important role in the appropriation of the Holy Sepulcher, such as funds for the maintenance of external infrastructures, and the abolition of territorial claims near the Temple of the Holy Sepulcher, the
1786:
by Komnenos had deteriorated badly and was detaching from the underlying structure; from 1947 until restoration work in 2016–17, it was held in place with an exterior scaffolding of iron girders installed by the
1265:
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre site has been recognized since early in the fourth century as the place where Jesus was crucified, buried, and rose from the dead. The church was consecrated on 13 September 335.
7908:
2991:
1730:
again in 1808, causing the dome of the rotunda to collapse and smashing the Aedicule's exterior decoration. The rotunda and the Aedicule's exterior were rebuilt in 1809–10 by architect Nikolaos Ch. Komnenos of
6453:
2623:
3499:
roughly overlapped with the temple building itself; the excavations indicate that the temple extended at least as far back as the Aedicule, and the temple enclosure would have reached back slightly further.
1896:
carved into the bedrock, seeming to lead from the tomb. For the first time since at least 1555, on 26 October 2016, marble cladding that protects the supposed burial bed of Jesus was removed. Members of the
940:. Both locations are considered immensely holy sites by Christians. In earlier times, the site was used as a Jewish burial ground, upon which a pagan temple was built. The church and rotunda was built under
6411:
2400:
Calvary is split into two chapels: one Greek Orthodox and one Catholic, each with its own altar. On the left (north) side, the Greek Orthodox chapel's altar is placed over the supposed rock of Calvary (the
7214:
2115:—stand opposite the church, at the top of a short descending staircase stretching over the entire breadth of the parvis. In the 13th century, the tops of the columns were removed and sent to Mecca by the
4275:
7749:
4738:
5992:
6323:
3406:, and any land which is owned and used as a commercial land. The church holds the rights to land where private homes have been constructed, and some of the disagreement had been raised after the
2698:
7842:
3545:(41–44) is recorded by history as extending the city to the north (beyond the present northern walls), the required repositioning of the western wall is traditionally attributed to him as well.
2683:
3468:
The site of the church had been a temple to Jupiter or Venus built by Hadrian before Constantine's edifice was built. Hadrian's temple had been located there because it was the junction of the
3353:, a door to the Franciscan chapel was left open. This was taken as a sign of disrespect by the Orthodox and a fistfight broke out. Some people were arrested, but no one was seriously injured.
3078:
on Mount Zion is also alleged to have been the Prison of Christ. To reconcile the traditions, some allege that Jesus was held in the Mount Zion cell in connection with his trial by the Jewish
1318:, it remained a Christian church, with the early Muslim rulers protecting the city's Christian sites, prohibiting their destruction or use as living quarters. A story reports that the caliph
2510:
The wall was a temporary addition to support the arch above it, which had been weakened after the damage in the 1808 fire; it blocks the view of the rotunda, separates the entrance from the
1636:(r. 1220–50) regained the city and the church by treaty in the 13th century while under a ban of excommunication, with the consequence that the holiest church in Christianity was laid under
991:
and secular entities in complicated arrangements essentially unchanged for over 160 years, and some for much longer. The main denominations sharing property over parts of the church are the
3044:
2980:
1834:
In 1948, Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan and where the church was located, in the Old City, were made part of Jordan. In 1967, Israeli forces captured East Jerusalem in the
1705:" at a particular time, often through outright bribery. Violent clashes were not uncommon. There was no agreement about this question, although it was discussed at the negotiations to the
8594:
7939:
7419:
2236:
2157:
2139:
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1522:, but there is no evidence of the site's identification before the 11th century, and modern archaeological investigation has now dated the cistern to 11th-century repairs by Monomachos.
2150:
2552:) that has traditionally been used by the church's Muslim doorkeepers, along with some Christian clergy, as well as electrical wiring. To the right of the entrance is a wall along the
2918:
2363:, Saladin entrusted the Joudeh family with the key to the church, which is made of iron and 30 centimetres (12 in) long; the Nuseibehs either became or remained its doorkeepers.
3402:
does not cover any church buildings or religious related facilities (because they are exempt by law), but commercial facilities such as the Notre Dame Hotel which was not paying the
2596:
6914:
A Brief Description of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem and Other Christian Churches in the Holy City: With Some Account of the Medieval Copies of the Holy Sepulchre Surviving in Europe
4998:
980:
destination since its creation in the fourth century, as the traditional site of the resurrection of Christ, thus its original Greek name, Church of the Anastasis ('Resurrection').
7771:
6489:
5053:
5890:
2161:
5150:
3421:
The stated aim of the bill is to protect homeowners against the possibility that private companies will not extend their leases of land on which their houses or apartments stand.
2818:("navel") stone once thought to be the center of the world and still venerated as such by Orthodox Christians (associated with the site of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection).
2351:. This narrow way of access to such a large structure has proven to be hazardous at times. For example, when a fire broke out in 1840, dozens of pilgrims were trampled to death.
7353:
10896:
8055:. There are also the Egyptian mortuary-temples, where the object of worship was the deified royal person entombed, but Egyptian temples to the major gods contained no burials.
7865:
4802:
2433:
8002:
6049:
3052:
3212:) – another set of 22 stairs from the Chapel of Saint Helena leads down to the Roman Catholic Chapel of the Invention of the Holy Cross, believed to be the place where the
11460:
6918:
4045:
One of the two chapels within the shrine, a pilaster incorporates a piece of the stone said to have been rolled away from the tomb; it functions as a Greek Orthodox altar.
3270:(decree) of 1852/3, which pinned down the now-permanent statutes of property and the regulations concerning the roles of the different denominations and other custodians.
3600:
2263:
complex of the Constantinian church. The southernmost chapel was the vestibule, the middle chapel the baptistery, and the north chapel the chamber in which the patriarch
1864:, and created an artificial walkway over the quarry on the north of the chapel, so that the new chapel could be accessed (by permission) from the Chapel of Saint Helena.
11395:
4526:
2647:
780:
7899:
5959:
2671:
11425:
9323:
6445:
3571:, a term derived from the Persian word for hospital – Christian pilgrim hospices have been maintained in this area near the Holy Sepulchre since at least the time of
7554:
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7185:
6781:
6663:
6115:
5826:
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5186:
3440:
In June 2019, a number of Christian denominations in Jerusalem raised their voice against the Supreme Court's decision to uphold the sale of three properties by the
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7132:
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archaeologist, the decoration was once inlaid with pieces of glass and fine marble; it indicates that the relic was the front of the church's high altar from the
11390:
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2256:
1695:
After the renovation of 1555, control of the church oscillated between the Franciscans and the Orthodox, depending on which community could obtain a favourable
6970:
6270:
3533:
3111:
4684:
4175:
2841:, and the northern seat is for an archbishop or bishop. (There is also a popular claim that both are patriarchal thrones, with the northern one being for the
3730:
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with the Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea, located in a Constantinian apse and containing an opening to an ancient Jewish rock-cut tomb. This chapel is where the
2545:
8031:
7741:
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structure unsafe. A restoration of the Aedicule was agreed upon and executed from May 2016 to March 2017. Much of the $ 4 million project was funded by the
1479:, and no crusader could consider his journey complete unless he had prayed as a pilgrim at the Holy Sepulchre. The classical theory is that Crusader leader
87:
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9252:
7653:
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6676:
A remarkable gold and crystal mitre-shaped reliquary of the Crusader period was kept in the church and is now on display in the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate
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1518:
under the former basilica was rumoured to have been where Helena had found the True Cross, and began to be venerated as such; the cistern later became the
409:
5982:
5813:
the height difference can be easily seen; the yellowish wall on the left is the 4th-century wall and the pinkish one on the right is the 2nd-century wall.
4861:" reports in 333: "There, at present, by the command of the Emperor Constantine, has been built a basilica, that is to say, a church of wondrous beauty".
4013:"with many other churches of the saints" had been attacked, and the "basilica of the Lord's Sepulchre destroyed down to the ground". The Christian writer
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11335:
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4749:
or on holy burial sites that fails to include the floor plan by Adomnan, which consequently has become the topos of early depictions of Holy Sepulchre."
3491:
From the archaeological excavations in the 1970s, it is clear that construction took over most of the site of the earlier temple enclosure and that the
7834:
4952:
6300:
2796:
of the Crusader-era church, just east of the larger rotunda, is the Crusader structure housing the main altar of the Church, today the Greek Orthodox
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9446:
8710:
6128:
a small room at the top of a flight of steps is called the Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows, but is popularly referred to as the Chapel of the Franks.
2496:
5929:
1384:(al-Hakim's son) agreed to allow the rebuilding and redecoration of the church. The rebuilding was finally completed during the tenures of Emperor
7587:
2854:
2410:
of the Cross) stretches to the south. Between the Catholic Altar of the Nailing to the Cross and the Orthodox altar is the Catholic Altar of the
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had reported that the Greek Orthodox Church owns many properties across Jerusalem, Israel and the West Bank. It owns some 30% of the land in the
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is just south of the Rotunda, to the left of the entrance. Its upper level was lost in a 1545 collapse. In 1719, another two storeys were lost.
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demarcates the Orthodox sanctuary behind it, to its east. The iconostasis is flanked to the front by two episcopal thrones: the southern seat (
11420:
9628:
4036:' under one of the church's windows; it has remained in the same position since at least 1757, aside from two occasions of temporary removal.
2210:
1978:
7154:
4647:
8605:
3677:
3187:. The latter chapel contains archaeological remains from Hadrian's temple and Constantine's basilica. These areas are open only on request.
2901:. From here one can enter the Armenian monastery, which stretches over the ground and first upper floor of the church's southeastern part.
2025:
987:, an understanding between religious communities dating to 1757, applies to the site. Control of the church itself is shared among several
7270:
6566:
The Latins were left with the two southern altars on Calvary, namely, the Stabat Mater (Our Lady of Sorrows) and the Nailing to the Cross.
4975:
2940:. On Sundays and feast days it is furnished for the celebration of Mass. It is accessed from the Rotunda, by a door west of the Aedicule.
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reported that everything was razed "except those parts which were impossible to destroy or would have been too difficult to carry away".
1997:
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of 1757, Orthodox Christians reportedly took over some of the Franciscan-controlled church. This may have been the cause of the sultan's
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7062:"An Historical and Ecumenical Survey of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, with Notes on Its Significance for Anglicans"
6016:"Armenian Inscriptions of the Church of Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Part 1. The Chapel of John the Evangelist and Its Inscriptions"
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The holy place as formula. Floor plans in Adomnan's De locis sanctis to specify the description of pilgrimage sites in the Holy Land
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2004:
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newspaper Egyptian Orthodox Church owns Deir al-Sultan and the Church of the Angel and the Chapel of the Four Living Creatures.
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A shrine was built on the site of the tomb Macarius had identified as that of Jesus, enclosing the rock tomb walls within its own.
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This also contains a detailed summary of the then-current theories as to the location of the tomb, with an extensive bibliography.
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From the ninth century onward, the construction of churches inspired by the Anastasis was extended across Europe. One example is
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friars renovated the church in 1555, as it had been neglected despite increased numbers of pilgrims. The Franciscans rebuilt the
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the newly baptized before leading them into the rotunda north of this complex. Now they are dedicated as (from south to north)
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were built rather than the typical one, due to the awkward location of the Temple Mount, blocking the central east–west route.
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2472:(also Stone of the Anointing or Stone of Unction), which tradition holds to be where Jesus's body was prepared for burial by
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According to archaeologist Fredrik Hiebert, this does not resemble an archaeological excavation, but "a well-built tunnel".
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is the building of the larger dome located on the far west side. In the centre of the rotunda is a small chapel called the
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The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, planned by the architect Zenobius, was built as separate constructs over two holy sites:
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Jerusalem 1920–1922: Being the Records of the Pro-Jerusalem Council during the First Two Years of the Civil Administratio
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On the far side of the chapel is the low entrance to an almost complete first-century Jewish tomb, initially holding six
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led by the Greek Orthodox patriarch (with the participation of the Coptic and Armenian patriarchs). To its rear, in the
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are showing pilgrims yet another place where Jesus was allegedly held, the similarly named Prison of Christ in their
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The lamps that hang over the Stone of Unction, adorned with cross-bearing chain links, are contributed by Armenians,
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1506:", and the food, alms, candles and oil for lamps were given to them by the pilgrims at the south door of the church.
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1644:(c. 1231–47) during the last period of Latin control over Jerusalem. Both city and church were captured by the
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Early in the ninth century, another earthquake damaged the dome of the Anastasis. The damage was repaired in 810 by
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saying that Muslims would not inhabit this location. The building suffered severe damage from an earthquake in 746.
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1918:. Clerics continued regular prayers inside the building, and it reopened to visitors two months later, on 24 May.
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Some Christian scholars have argued that this may have already been a site of veneration for the tomb of Jesus.
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6398:. In 1192, Sultan Saladin....re-entrusted the custody of the doors of the Holy Sepulchre to the Nuseibeh's ....
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also acquired lesser responsibilities, which include shrines and other structures in and around the building.
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Beneath the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem: The archaeology and early history of traditional Golgotha
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During church renovations in 2022, a stone slab covered in modern graffiti was moved from a wall, revealing
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Surviving Three Cycles of Destruction: The Graves of the Crusader Kings in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
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2018:
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8300:. New York: Rizzoli in cooperation with Israel Antiquities Authority, distributed by St. Martin's Press.
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Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. (1987). "The Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem: History and Future".
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at the Second Station of the Via Dolorosa as the Prison of Christ. A cistern among the ruins beneath the
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5922:"Coronavirus forces Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre to close its doors for first time since 1349: 'Very sad'"
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8405:"'In Dubious Battle on the Plains of Heav'n': The Politics of Possession in Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre"
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This shrine would have to be replaced over the subsequent centuries, most recently in the 19th century.
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1135:(a Bishop of Caesarea) and Macarius, three crosses were found near a tomb; one, which was said to have
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4386:(1998). "Golgotha: A Reconsideration of the Evidence for the Sites of Jesus' Crucifixion and Burial".
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NPNF2-01. Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine
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of the early 1970s, the Armenian authorities converted this archaeological space into the Chapel of
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There was a lock-in protest against an Israeli legislative proposal which would expropriate church
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30:"Holy Sepulchre" redirects here. For an overview of sites believed to be Jesus's burial place, see
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1743:, was partly rebuilt to a square ground plan in place of the previously semicircular western end.
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A Brief Description of the Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem and Other Christian Churches in the Holy City
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4597:(4th improved (updated) ed.). Indianapolis: B.B. Kirkbride Bible Co. p. 323 (appendix).
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Ancient cities: the archaeology of urban life in the ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece and Rome
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The Tomb of Jesus (raised platform to the right, interior the second chamber inside the aedicula)
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Mosaic depiction of Christ's body being prepared after his death, opposite the Stone of Anointing
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1558:. These renovations unified the small chapels on the site and were completed during the reign of
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5310:, Vol. IV, ed. Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard, (University of Wisconsin Press, 1977), 37.
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4945:"Commemoration of the Founding of the Church of the Resurrection (Holy Sepulchre) at Jerusalem"
4519:"The Temple in Jerusalem over the threshing floor which is presently under the Al Kas fountain"
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2802:. Its dome is 19.8 metres (65 ft) in diameter, and is set directly over the centre of the
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Since 1996 this dome is topped by the monumental Golgotha Crucifix, which the Greek Patriarch
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Churches all have rights to the interior of the tomb, and all three communities celebrate the
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The dome was restored by Catholics, Greeks, and Turks in 1868, being made of iron ever since.
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According to traditions dating to the fourth century, the church contains both the site where
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thereafter. Mortar from just above the burial bed was later dated to the mid-fourth century.
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Saving the Holy Sepulchre: How Rival Christians Came Together to Rescue Their Holiest Shrine
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5585:
Saving the Holy Sepulchre: How Rival Christians Came Together to Rescue Their Holiest Shrine
5483:
The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume 3, The City of Jerusalem: A Corpus
4836:
4715:. Revised and notes by A.C. Zenos, DD. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. pp. 21–22.
2629:
The Aedicule with the Coptic chapel to the left with golden roof; main entrance to the right
1914:. According to the keeper of the keys, it was the first such closure since 1349, during the
1910:
On 25 March 2020, Israeli health officials ordered the site closed to the public due to the
1807:
Church allowed to carry out the elimination of taxes from the Holy Sepulcher, currently the
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7900:"Jerusalem's Christian Leaders Blast Decision to Sell Old City Properties to Settler Group"
7772:
Jerusalem churches warn of Israel's 'systematic' erosion of Christian presence in Holy Land
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signed a convention that both denominations could sweep it. On a hot summer day in 2002, a
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and is no longer structurally necessary. Opinions differ as to whether it is to be seen as
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On the east is the Iconostasis, dividing the 'Holy of Holies' from the rest of the church.
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1676:, extending the structure to create an antechamber. A marble shrine commissioned by Friar
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was housed in the most important church in Christendom, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
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2440:, were transferred to the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate Museum (the Patriarchal Museum) on
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6231:. Gerusalemme San Salvatore Convento Francescano St. Saviour's Monastery. Archived from
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4882:"The Baptistery of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and the Politics of Sacred Landscape"
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2476:, though this tradition is only attested since the crusader era (notably by the Italian
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of a larger courtyard. This is found past a group of streets winding through the outer
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3175:(or Vardan) Mamikonian – on the north side of the Chapel of Saint Helena is an ornate
3027:'s north. Disputed by the Orthodox and the Latin, the area is used to store ladders.
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The Stone of Anointing, where Jesus's body is said to have been anointed before burial
2436:(Treasury of the Greek Patriarch). Some of its relics, such as a 12th-century crystal
1628:, along with the rest of the city, in 1187, although the treaty established after the
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7866:"Greek Orthodox Church Sells Land in Israel, Worrying Both Israelis And Palestinians"
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4271:
United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine Working Paper on the Holy Places
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2207:. The chapel marks the 10th Station of the Cross (the stripping of Jesus's garments).
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to reconstruct the church, which was completed in 1048. After it was captured by the
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for the benefit of pilgrims who could not travel to the Holy Land. They include the
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there daily. It is also used for other ceremonies on special occasions, such as the
2414:, which has a statue of Mary with an 18th-century bust; this middle altar marks the
2384:
The Altar of the Crucifixion, where The Rock of Calvary (bottom) is encased in glass
2061:
Tourists, pilgrims and locals at one of two access gates to the courtyard; photo by
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Age of spirituality: late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century
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along the wall depicts the anointing of Jesus's body, preceded on the right by the
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1664:) presence at the Holy Sepulchre from the years 1348 through 1575, as contemporary
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7932:"Supreme Court upholds Greek church sales to far-right group, ending legal battle"
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The Fight for Jerusalem: Radical Islam, the West, and the Future of the Holy City
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3715:
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1935:
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1640:. The church seems to have been largely in the hands of Greek Orthodox patriarch
1559:
1525:
1401:
restoration of other churches destroyed by al-Hakim and the reestablishment of a
1300:
933:
654:
9445:
5534:
Geschichte der europäischen Staaten, Geschichte des östreichischen Kaiserstaates
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1487:, decided not to use the title "king" during his lifetime, and declared himself
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9223:
9063:
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8442:"Archaeological excavations in Jerusalem, Holy Sepulchre: a preliminary report"
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4661:
testimony to the resurrection of the Saviour clearer than any voice could give.
4627:
4383:
4368:
4302:
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3875:
3800:
3780:
3740:
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3278:
3274:
3048:
2984:
2735:
2731:
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2196:
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1795:
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996:
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588:
583:
248:
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8912:
8512:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 656–658.
8503:
8465:
8109:
7077:
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4608:
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3619:
3591:, Italy, an agglomeration of seven churches recreating shrines of Jerusalem.
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2765:
To the right of the sepulchre on the northwestern edge of the rotunda is the
2739:
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1893:
1842:
bazaar, it was found that the area was originally a quarry, from which white
1828:
1755:
1702:
1629:
1502:, the keys of the Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre were in hands of the "ancient
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1453:
929:
760:
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102:
89:
31:
7489:
6267:"History of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre – Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
5983:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre's ancient altar rediscovered, researchers say"
1186:
Two manuscript versions of the oldest known floor plans of the church, from
1110:
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The need for total agreement for even minor changes is exemplified in the '
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in 1288), and the present stone was only added in the 1810 reconstruction.
2411:
2340:
1861:
1411:
1381:
969:
906:
619:
612:
598:
201:
8688:
8627:
8588:
8497:
8457:
6412:"Muslims (literally) hold key to Jerusalem's Church of the Holy Sepulcher"
5308:
A History of the Crusades: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States
11044:
10942:
10916:
10891:
10820:
10815:
10756:
10300:
10285:
10260:
10178:
9664:
9468:
8806:
8237:
The Sepulchre of Christ and the Medieval West: From the Beginning to 1600
6382:
5792:
4622:
3634:
3596:
3572:
3357:
3294:
3094:
The Chapel of the Parting of the Raiment, in the Church of Holy Sepulchre
3079:
2830:
2751:
2653:
Detail of Aedicule with temporary supports, prior to the 2016 restoration
2587:
2248:
2232:
1927:
1915:
1835:
1819:
1811:
and Lutheran dioceses of Jerusalem are allowed to attend Armenian cults.
1775:
1750:
1570:
1509:
1226:('Resurrection'), where Macarius believed Jesus to have been buried, and;
1083:, Jerusalem had been reduced to ruins. In AD 130, the Roman emperor
909:
and has been the most important pilgrimage site for Christians since the
8441:
8404:
8294:
Biddle, Martin; Seligman, Jon; Tamar, Winter & Avni, Gideon (2000).
7290:
A Cyclopaedia of Works of Architecture: In Italy, Greece, and the Levant
7085:
7061:
6873:]. Vol. 16. Institut français d'études byzantines. p. 35.
6803:
4341:
2487:
The wall behind the stone is defined by its striking blue balconies and
1884:, as well as $ 1.3 million from Mica Ertegün and a significant sum from
1562:
in 1149, placing all the holy places under one roof for the first time.
11138:
10947:
10746:
10518:
10320:
10080:
9997:
9633:
9617:
9576:
8152:"February 8, 1999 – News – Bringing a part of the Holy Land to America"
7742:"Church at Jesus's burial site closed for second day after tax dispute"
7676:"Riot police called as monks clash in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
7268:
Church of the Holy Sepulchre chapels: Catholic Chapel of the Apparition
5981:
Harash, Rinat (13 April 2022). Heller, Jeffrey; MacSwan, Angus (eds.).
5651:
4913:
4881:
3947:
posits that the tomb's location could have been preserved by the local
3633:
Author Andrew Holt writes that the church is the most important in all
3254:
3213:
3184:
3099:
2822:
2798:
2260:
1985: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1804:
1669:
1665:
1555:
1465:
1304:
1258:
Diagram of a possible church layout (facing west) published in 1956 by
1140:
1131:
asked Constantine for permission to dig for the tomb. With the help of
8645:
8117:
7540:
Jerusalem. The Holy Sepulchre: Research and investigations (2007–2011)
6360:
6143:
The Holy Sepulchre: The Church of the Resurrection an Ecumenical Guide
5704:"Exclusive: Christ's Burial Place Exposed for First Time in Centuries"
4264:
3611:
1095:, on the site. About AD 135, he ordered that a cave containing a
11174:
10736:
10625:
10100:
10065:
9584:
9580:
9006:
8658:
8639:
7680:
7470:
Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia
5686:
Glimpses of Bible Lands: The Cruise of the Eight Hundred to Jerusalem
5251:
4322:
The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
3512:
3508:
3236:
3179:
door, beyond which a raised artificial platform affords views of the
2743:
2127:
1848:
1710:
1657:
1637:
1543:
in the church: crosses engraved in the staircase leading down to the
1532:, widening their original excavation tunnel into a proper staircase.
1503:
1402:
1308:
1307:, invaded Jerusalem and captured the True Cross. In 630, the Emperor
1274:
1240:
1219:
898:
318:
218:
8065:
Monastero di Santo Stefano: Basilica Santuario Santo Stefano: Storia
6591:
6146:. Ecumenical Theological Research Fraternity in Israel. p. 15.
6015:
4897:
4309:. H.M.S.O. for the High Commissioner of the Government of Palestine.
2332:
2185:
1960:
10800:
10095:
9605:
9526:
8101:
8052:
7835:"WATCH: Pilgrims Face Closed Doors at Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
3648:
3568:
3481:
3107:
2834:
2815:
2393:. Golgotha and its chapels are just south of the main altar of the
2348:
2328:
1839:
1732:
1645:
1540:
1365:
1230:
1132:
953:
765:
138:
5539:
History of the European states, history of Austrian Imperial State
3456:
10107:
9957:
9678:
8931:
8606:
Map of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 1715, by Nicolas de Fer.
7804:[The Jerusalem Municipality is not moved by the church].
7782:
6385:
entrusted the custody of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre....to '
6361:"The family's relationship with the Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
5987:
5304:
Pilgrimages and Pilgrim shrines in Palestine and Syria after 1095
3662:
3588:
3407:
3316:
2904:
2893:
is the "Place of the Three Marys", marked by a stone canopy (the
2602:
1842 lithograph of the Aedicule built after the 1808 fire, after
2421:
On the ground floor, just underneath the Golgotha chapel, is the
2176:(also disputed), a rooftop monastery surrounding the dome of the
1872:
After seven decades of being held together by steel girders, the
1824:
1625:
1515:
1424:
1295:
The Constantinian sanctuary in Jerusalem was destroyed by a fire
1148:
1099:
be filled in to make a flat foundation for a temple dedicated to
1084:
925:
644:
602:
3258:
upholding the state of affairs for various Holy Land sites. The
2259:
borders the parvis on its west side. They originally formed the
11243:
9025:
6577:
William R. Cook of State University of New York, lecture series
5827:"Tomb of Jesus Reopens to Public After $ 3 Million Restoration"
3180:
2336:
2264:
2093:
2074:
1889:
1844:
1715:
1397:
5952:"Jerusalem's Holy Sepulchre reopens after coronavirus closure"
3507:
Other archaeologists have criticized Corbo's reconstructions.
1406:
surrounding buildings: the great basilica remained in ruins."
1380:
in 1027–1028, an agreement was reached whereby the new Caliph
8048:
7578:"Christian History Corner: Divvying up the Most Sacred Place"
5217:
An Introduction to the History of Christianity, A.D. 590–1314
5038:
The Sepulchrum Domini Through the Ages: Its Form and Function
4803:"Unsealing of Christ's Reputed Tomb Turns Up New Revelations"
3469:
3023:) at the northern end of the north transept, which is to the
2534:
2437:
1823:
Diagram of the modern church showing the traditional site of
917:
3191:
3114:, the entrance to the Chapel of Saint Helena, and the Greek
9476:
8321:. London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy.
2884:
2793:
2426:
2344:
1319:
1269:
In 327, Constantine and Helena separately commissioned the
285:
8595:
Homily of John Paul II in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
7993:"Does the Holy Sepulchre Church Mark the Burial of Jesus?"
6590:. Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Archived from
6446:"Muslim holds ancient key to Jesus tomb site in Jerusalem"
5891:"Exclusive: Age of Jesus Christ's Purported Tomb Revealed"
2766:
1376:
In wide-ranging negotiations between the Fatimids and the
7525:
the Hashemite noble family Joudeh al-Husseini al-Ghodayya
6256:
William R. Cook of University of New York, lecture series
6050:"Egypt's Coptic Church exercises soft power in Jerusalem"
5136:
A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years
4010:
3430:
2917:
West of the Aedicule, to the rear of the Rotunda, is the
1739:
style. The interior of the antechamber, now known as the
1111:
Constantine and Macarius: context for the first sanctuary
9308:
5860:"Original Bedrock of Jesus' Tomb Revealed in New Images"
5683:
4977:
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Text and Archaeology
3387:
lands that had been sold to private companies since 2010
2957:
2845:– which has been described as a misstatement, however.)
2104:(east). Around the parvis are a few smaller structures.
1921:
9001:
8352:. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
8293:
8086:"The Church of Santo Stefano: A 'Jerusalem' in Bologna"
6741:. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 39.
5684:
Warren, E.K.; Hartshorn, W.N.; McCrillis, A.B. (1905).
5402:. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 65.
2617:
The Aedicule containing the traditional burial of Jesus
6898:
The Church of Holy Sepulchre: Keys, Doors, Doorkeepers
6211:
6209:
6207:
5618:"The Church of the Holy Sepulchre: A Work in Progress"
5541:]. Vol. 4. Hamburg: F. Perthes. p. 262.
5281:
Venetian Adventurer: The Life and Times of Marco Polo,
4631:, or inscription, had remained fastened to the Cross."
4563:] (in Italian). Franciscan Press. pp. 34–36.
3988:
Dedication of the Temple of the Resurrection of Christ
3929:
3822:
3534:
The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia
2983:– The chapel, an open area, indicates the place where
2677:
Angel's Stone in the first chamber inside the aedicula
2544:
Immediately inside and to the left of the entrance is
2514:, sits on top of four of the now empty and desecrated
2243:(died 1236), a knight, tutor, and royal councillor to
1510:
Crusaders: reconstruction (12th century) and ownership
1107:. The temple remained until the early fourth century.
1087:
began the building of a Roman colony, the new city of
8183:
The World of the Crusades: A Daily Life Encyclopedia
5512:
4843:. New York: G. Braziller. p. 20 – via the
4115:"Complete compendium of Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
3842:
3731:
History of medieval Arabic and Western European domes
3319:
assigned door-keeping responsibilities to the Muslim
2560:. Further along the same wall is the entrance to the
1691:
icon (c. 1600) commemorating a church renovation
1250:) with the traditional site of Calvary in one corner.
8642:(Muslim custodian of the keys of the Holy Sepulchre)
7505:"Proud to hold keys of Muslim-Christian coexistence"
6293:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre – Madain Project (en)"
3969:
The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is known among the
3909:
3862:
3644:
3630:
built by the Franciscans in Washington, DC in 1898.
3377:
In February 2018, the church was closed following a
3336:. In the aftermath, the Greek patriarch, Franciscan
2491:-bearing red banners (depicting the insignia of the
1280:
1147:, leading the Romans to believe that they had found
1115:
After seeing a vision of a cross in the sky in 312,
11461:
Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs (Jordan)
6519:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6204:
6104:. Translated by Walsh, Milton T. Liturgical Press.
6078:
6076:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4362:
4236:
4064:
3889:
3794:
3460:Jerusalem after being rebuilt by Hadrian. Two main
3315:None of these controls the main entrance. In 1192,
3146:
the saint who brought Christianity to the Armenians
3043:In the northeast side of the complex, there is the
2134:On the eastern side of the parvis, south to north:
1612:) were buried in the south transept and inside the
11396:4th-century establishments in the Byzantine Empire
9127:
7898:
7467:
7242:. The Franciscans of the Holy Land. Archived from
7184:sepulchre, church of the holy (15 December 2016).
5313:
5035:
3367:
2526:and located between the 11th and 12th stations on
2092:facing the entrance to the church is known as the
1452:Many historians maintain that the main concern of
43:Church in Christian Quarter, Old City of Jerusalem
11426:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo churches in Jerusalem
9447:Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East
8560:"The Christian Communities in the Holy Sepulchre"
7712:"The monks who keep coming to blows in Jerusalem"
6738:The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem
6681:
6188:. Palestine Exploration Fund. 1903. p. 297.
6094:
5688:. Boston, MA: The Central Committee. p. 174.
5564:Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, 1757
5399:The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem
4675:"Is it the Tomb of Christ? A Search for Evidence"
4319:
1127:legalizing the religion. The Bishop of Jerusalem
1070:
928:, or Golgotha, and the location of Jesus's empty
11302:
7147:
6504:
6381:To protect the Christian places of worship, the
6073:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4752:
4209:(2nd ed.). London: Routledge. p. 424.
3425:
3248:placed before 1757 remains in place to this day.
2289:(Greek Orthodox; at the base of the bell tower).
1814:
1371:
1158:
1027:, or for his tomb, which is at its focal point.
8047:. An exception in the Classical World were the
6804:"Miracle of Holy Fire which happens every year"
5818:
4366:(2010). "The Argument for the Holy Sepulchre".
3721:Hashemite custodianship of Jerusalem holy sites
3562:The Christian Quarter and the (also Christian)
3066:, between the Second and Third Stations of the
2354:According to their own family lore, the Muslim
1930:-style decoration on one face. According to an
1576:Eight 11th- and 12th-century Crusader leaders (
1550:The Crusaders began to refurnish the church in
1468:in response to the appeal of Byzantine Emperor
1311:rebuilt the church after recapturing the city.
1291:Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
1239:), across a courtyard to the east (an enclosed
1065:
11391:Eastern Orthodox church buildings in Jerusalem
7709:
7502:
7465:
6482:"Jesus's tomb unveiled after $ 4m restoration"
5793:"Finding the Keys to the Chapel of St. Vartan"
5486:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 31–32.
5210:
5204:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5071:
2905:Syriac Chapel with Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea
2468:Just inside the entrance to the church is the
2195:(Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows): a blue-domed
1632:allowed Christian pilgrims to visit the site.
1430:
10199:Herodian Quarter – Wohl Archaeological Museum
10013:
8987:
8704:
8589:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem
8318:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem
8058:
7793:
7791:
7033:. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
6773:
6252:
6250:
4932:
4646:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. 2005.
4182:. Jerusalem. 21 February 2010. Archived from
3451:
3326:
3285:churches. The Greek Orthodox act through the
3252:An Ottoman decree of 1757 helped establish a
2361:retaking Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187
1475:The First Crusade was envisioned as an armed
862:
8347:
7030:The Orthodox Greek Patriarchate of Jerusalem
6580:
5786:
5784:
5751:
5175:. Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill. p. 40.
4839:Early Christian & Byzantine Architecture
4481:Constantine: Roman Emperor, Christian Victor
4244:. Oxford University Press. pp. 56, 59.
4009:recorded that the church of Saint George at
3973:believers as the Church of the Resurrection.
3678:Burial places of founders of world religions
2769:, which is reserved for Roman Catholic use.
2665:The Dome of the Anastasis above the aedicule
2184:North of the parvis, in front of the church
1938:(c. 1149), which was later used by the
1460:, was the threat to Constantinople from the
266:AD 335 (demolished in 1009, rebuilt in 1048)
60:The church in 2010, from left to right: the
10974:Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family
10509:Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
9119:Co-Cathedral of the Most Holy Name of Jesus
8718:
7608:
7466:Michael, Dumper; Stanley, Bruce E. (2007).
7022:
7020:
6475:
6473:
6471:
6365:The Official website of the Nuseibeh Family
6013:
5726:
5652:"The Church and the Ladder: Frozen in Time"
5299:
5297:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5093:
5068:
4634:
4070:
1498:According to the German priest and pilgrim
1488:
1234:
1187:
1088:
964:Within the church proper are the last four
11466:Baroque architecture in the Ottoman Empire
11336:Buildings and structures completed in 1809
11331:Buildings and structures completed in 1555
11321:Buildings and structures completed in 1149
11086:Entertainment and performance arts centers
10720:Gates, streets, squares, areas of interest
10020:
10006:
8994:
8980:
8711:
8697:
8602:(article, interactive plan, photo gallery)
8083:
7829:
7827:
7788:
7286:
7210:Social History of the Races of Mankind ...
7206:
6917:. Cambridge University Press. p. 69.
6889:
6706:"Stone of Anointing – Madain Project (en)"
6409:
6247:
5587:. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–12.
5237:A History of Architecture in All Countries
5132:
5029:
5027:
4705:
4625:following Rufinus, it would seem that the
4477:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4226:
3047:, alleged to be where Jesus was held. The
2203:, which once provided exclusive access to
2107:South of the parvis, opposite the church:
1616:. The royal tombs were looted during the
1056:, Anastasis being Greek for Resurrection.
869:
855:
54:
10842:Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations
8679:Church of the Holy Sepulchre Virtual Tour
8517:
7984:
7575:
7183:
6895:
6728:
6616:The Knights Hospitallers in the Holy Land
6439:
6437:
6396:at least since the time of Sultan Saladin
5790:
5781:
5679:
5677:
5649:
5645:
5643:
5593:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189667.003.0001
5583:Cohen, Raymond (2008). "The Earthquake".
5389:
5230:
5224:
4831:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4176:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem"
4144:
4142:
4140:
4028:
4026:
3614:, constructed between 1481 and 1504, the
3333:
3192:Chapel of the Invention of the Holy Cross
3152:
3121:
2370:' stands beneath a window on the façade.
2221:
2082:
2045:Learn how and when to remove this message
1876:(IAA) declared the visibly deteriorating
1765:
972:, representing the final episodes of the
11351:Armenian Apostolic churches in Jerusalem
11170:Day of Prayer for the Peace of Jerusalem
10027:
8439:
8348:Gibson, Shimon; Taylor, Joan E. (1994).
8314:
8084:Ousterhout, Robert G. (1 January 1981).
7609:Fisher-Ilan, Allyn (28 September 2004).
7384:. Harvard University Press. p. 35.
7374:
7234:
7232:
7017:
6991:
6959:
6796:
6479:
6468:
6221:
5732:
5286:
5157:
5097:A Concise History of the Catholic Church
4851:
4699:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4170:
4168:
4166:
3628:Mount St. Sepulchre Franciscan Monastery
3522:
3455:
3372:
3235:
3195:
3162:
3131:
3089:
3034:
3006:
2969:
2961:
2908:
2885:Armenian monastery south of the Aedicule
2776:
2459:
2451:
2379:
2359:the date more generally accepted. After
2317:
2297:
2068:
2056:
1818:
1749:
1683:
1565:The church became the seat of the first
1534:
1427:) until the Crusaders' arrival in 1099.
1392:in 1048. As a concession, the mosque in
1253:
948:in 1009. Al-Hakim's son allowed Emperor
903:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem
223:Nikolaos Ch. Komnenos (1810 restoration)
8569:. London: John Murray. pp. 46–56.
7824:
7641:
7263:
7261:
7240:"The Franciscans at the Holy Sepulchre"
7114:
7053:
7026:
6910:
6734:
6588:"The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulcher"
6410:Sudilovsky, Judith (27 February 2018).
6321:
5824:
5697:
5695:
5530:
5524:
5476:
5395:
5349:
5033:
5024:
4876:
4473:
4471:
4455:
4422:
4223:
4148:
4075:, modern Greek for "small compartment".
3070:. The Armenians regard a recess in the
3002:
2762:also retained the key to the Aedicule.
2567:
2111:Broken columns—once forming part of an
1899:National Technical University of Athens
1867:
1854:
905:. It is considered the holiest site in
14:
11371:Constantine the Great and Christianity
11303:
9893:
9194:
8576:from the original on 5 September 2021.
8492:
8402:
8260:
8234:
7929:
7896:
7863:
7277:, See the Holy Land, accessed May 2020
7092:from the original on 21 September 2022
7059:
6856:
6542:. Oxford University Press. p. 7.
6443:
6434:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6139:
5980:
5857:
5674:
5640:
5531:Mailáth, János Nepomuk Jozsef (1848).
5366:
5260:. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing.
5081:
4973:
4777:
4672:
4612:: Archæology of the Cross and Crucifix
4438:
4382:
4266:United Nations Conciliation Commission
4137:
4023:
4018:
2313:
1942:until being damaged in the 1808 fire.
1495:('Protector of the Holy Sepulchre').
11436:Syriac Orthodox churches in Jerusalem
11431:Coptic Orthodox Churches in Jerusalem
10311:U. Nahon Museum of Italian Jewish Art
10001:
8975:
8692:
8628:The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre
8617:, legends in Polish with some English
8366:
7990:
7942:from the original on 27 December 2023
7878:from the original on 27 February 2018
7797:
7722:from the original on 22 February 2015
7710:O'Laughlin, Toni (10 November 2008).
7688:from the original on 22 February 2015
7656:from the original on 22 February 2015
7590:from the original on 30 December 2011
7536:
7229:
6921:from the original on 27 February 2015
6862:
6700:
6698:
6696:
6649:Jerusalem in the Time of the Crusades
6535:
5919:
5888:
5858:Pappas, Stephanie (31 October 2016).
5701:
5615:
5609:
5582:
5458:from the original on 17 November 2022
5437:
5114:from the original on 12 December 2023
5004:from the original on 18 December 2023
4800:
4719:from the original on 25 December 2017
4687:from the original on 29 November 2018
4579:
4552:
4541:
4204:
4163:
3210:Invention (Finding) of the Holy Cross
2958:Franciscan area north of the Aedicule
2943:
2839:Greek Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem
2447:
2375:
1950:
1922:Crusader altar slab discovered (2022)
901:. The church is also the seat of the
11421:Roman Catholic churches in Jerusalem
8655:(Muslim Holy Sepulchre door keepers)
8557:
8480:from the original on 8 November 2023
8335:from the original on 8 November 2023
8281:from the original on 8 November 2023
8214:Jerusalem, Israel, Petra & Sinai
8180:
8162:from the original on 23 January 2022
7734:
7557:from the original on 8 November 2023
7543:. Altralinea Edizioni. p. 117.
7398:from the original on 8 November 2023
7326:from the original on 8 November 2023
7315:
7297:from the original on 8 November 2023
7258:
7155:"Armenian Station of the Holy Women"
7135:from the original on 8 November 2023
7037:from the original on 8 November 2023
7002:from the original on 8 November 2023
6755:from the original on 8 November 2023
6645:
6623:from the original on 8 November 2023
6612:
6556:from the original on 8 November 2023
6160:from the original on 8 November 2023
6118:from the original on 8 November 2023
5870:from the original on 1 November 2016
5737:(in German). Freiburg. p. 170.
5692:
5545:from the original on 8 November 2023
5518:
5500:from the original on 8 November 2023
5431:
5416:from the original on 8 November 2023
5377:from the original on 8 November 2023
5250:
4955:from the original on 25 January 2013
4920:from the original on 11 October 2021
4590:
4468:
4296:
4159:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3726:History of Roman and Byzantine domes
3706:Early Christian art and architecture
3683:Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
3232:Status Quo (Jerusalem and Bethlehem)
3206:Chapel of the Invention of the Cross
3102:are, from north to south: the Greek
2925:celebrate their Liturgy on Sundays.
2641:Facade of the Aedicule with pilgrims
2556:containing the staircase leading to
2126:, a small Greek Orthodox monastery (
2096:. Two streets open into the parvis:
1983:adding citations to reliable sources
1954:
1520:Chapel of the Invention of the Cross
1023:The church was named either for the
944:in the 4th century and destroyed by
889:, is a fourth-century church in the
457:Israeli annexation of East Jerusalem
10251:North Africa Jewish Heritage Center
9210:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans
8634:Franciscan Custody in the Holy Land
8608:Eran Laor Cartographic Collection,
8565:. In Ashbee, Charles Robert (ed.).
8440:Stasolla, Francesca Romana (2022).
8403:Bowman, Glenn (16 September 2011).
8239:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
8029:Death and Burial in the Roman World
7801:בעיריית ירושלים לא מתרגשים מהכנסייה
7426:, Documenta Catholica Omnia, p. 87.
7417:List of Christians in the Holy Land
7186:"Chapel of Joseph of Arimateaitled"
6941:"Catholic Chapel of the Apparition"
6480:Sherwood, Harriet (21 March 2017).
6348:
6315:
6303:from the original on 2 January 2022
5889:Romey, Kristin (28 November 2017).
5662:from the original on 13 August 2011
5168:
5153:from the original on 10 March 2024.
5139:. Penguin Books Ltd. p. 1339.
4673:Renner, Gerald (14 December 1996).
4484:. The Overlook Press. p. 206.
3899:
3852:
3697:, head of the 1961–1977 excavations
3183:, and which leads to the Chapel of
3030:
2837:) is the patriarchal throne of the
2561:
2503:, and succeeded on the left by the
2162:Chapel of the Four Living Creatures
1656:There was certainly a recognisable
1613:
1277:to commemorate the birth of Jesus.
24:
11401:Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem
11055:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial
10085:The Architects Tombs at Jaffa Gate
9217:Church of Saint Mary of the Latins
8545:from the original on 26 April 2015
8387:from the original on 21 March 2021
8267:. Scarborough: Sutton Publishing.
8253:
8212:
8132:from the original on 18 April 2022
7972:from the original on 17 March 2018
7864:Estrin, Daniel (2 December 2017).
7845:from the original on 20 April 2018
7217:from the original on 21 April 2023
6947:from the original on 19 April 2018
6877:from the original on 10 March 2024
6840:. 15 December 2016. Archived from
6814:from the original on 1 August 2017
6784:from the original on 10 March 2024
6693:
6687:
6666:from the original on 10 March 2024
6523:
6444:Harash, Rinat (30 November 2017).
6215:
6192:from the original on 26 March 2023
6082:
6030:from the original on 26 March 2023
5962:from the original on 4 August 2022
5932:from the original on 4 August 2022
5851:
5825:Goldman, Russell (22 March 2017).
5702:Romey, Kristin (26 October 2016).
5189:from the original on 10 March 2024
5172:State and Society in Fatimid Egypt
5056:from the original on 10 March 2024
4801:Romey, Kristin (31 October 2016).
4771:
4594:The Thompson Chain-Reference Bible
4567:from the original on 10 March 2024
4498:from the original on 1 August 2023
4198:
4125:from the original on 29 April 2021
3986:celebrates the anniversary of the
3293:. Roman Catholics act through the
3225:
3039:Prison of Christ before renovation
2442:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate Street
1719:(decree) later developed into the
1610:rulers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
1357:complete destruction of the church
25:
11477:
11346:Ancient churches in the Holy Land
11229:Placing notes in the Western Wall
9925:Remnants or rebuilt buildings in
8582:
8005:from the original on 2 April 2015
7911:from the original on 13 June 2019
7798:Token, Benny (27 February 2018).
7644:"Christians brawl at Jesus' tomb"
7623:from the original on 7 April 2023
7447:from the original on 28 June 2015
7319:The Status Quo in the Holy Places
7027:Dowling, Theodore Edward (1913).
6973:from the original on 14 July 2014
6969:. Michael Hammers. 24 June 2014.
6716:from the original on 8 March 2021
6371:from the original on 22 July 2010
5995:from the original on 9 April 2023
5803:from the original on 20 July 2014
5444:. Vol. 15. pp. 71–103.
5438:Re’em, Amit; et al. (2022).
5220:. London: Macmillan. p. 148.
4591:Owen, G. Frederick, ed. (1983) .
4304:The Status Quo in the Holy Places
4278:from the original on 8 March 2021
3291:Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre
3128:Chapel of Saint Helena, Jerusalem
3076:Church of St. Peter in Gallicantu
2987:met Jesus after his resurrection.
2864:mosaic inside the catholicon dome
2493:Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre
2432:Behind the Chapel of Adam is the
2220:and chapel, directly beneath the
1651:
1390:Patriarch Nicephorus of Jerusalem
1316:Jerusalem came under Islamic rule
1281:Damage and destruction (614–1009)
1066:§ Connection to Roman temple
10701:Tower of David (northeast tower)
10409:Rabbi Dr. I. Goldstein Synagogue
10266:Rockefeller Archeological Museum
9980:
9968:
9956:
9944:
9932:
9510:
9324:Church of Saint John the Baptist
9204:Church of Saint James Intercisus
8954:
8942:
8930:
8918:
8906:
8297:The Church of the Holy Sepulchre
8174:
8144:
8077:
8020:
7954:
7923:
7890:
7857:
7812:from the original on 3 July 2018
7764:
7752:from the original on 3 July 2018
7703:
7668:
7642:El Deeb, Sarah (21 April 2008).
7635:
7602:
7576:Armstrong, Chris (1 July 2002).
7569:
7530:
7496:
7459:
7429:
7410:
7368:
7338:
7309:
7280:
7200:
7177:
7108:
6985:
6933:
6904:
6900:. Franciscian Press. p. 47.
6826:
6492:from the original on 3 July 2018
6456:from the original on 11 May 2019
6273:from the original on 27 May 2019
5367:Conder, Claude Reignier (1909).
4650:from the original on 2 June 2022
4556:Il Santo Sepolcro di Gerusalemme
4529:from the original on 20 May 2022
4516:
4153:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
4078:
3756:Rock-cut tombs in ancient Israel
3661:
3647:
2869:
2853:
2682:
2670:
2658:
2646:
2634:
2622:
2610:
2595:
2579:
2524:lowering of Jesus from the cross
2515:
2495:), and is decorated with lamps.
2151:Chapel of St John the Evangelist
2073:The northeast of the courtyard (
1959:
1905:
1782:of red limestone applied to the
1176:
1167:
325:
11456:Tombs in the State of Palestine
11098:International Convention Center
11050:Garden of the Missing in Action
11040:Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery
10897:The Nature Park & Galleries
10241:Museum of Underground Prisoners
8771:Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery
8684:The Holy Sepulchre Virtual Tour
6767:
6639:
6606:
6571:
6529:
6403:
6285:
6259:
6176:
6133:
6088:
6042:
6007:
5974:
5944:
5913:
5882:
5576:
5557:
5470:
5360:
5343:
5274:
5244:
5126:
5087:
5019:, 'Church of the Resurrection'.
4967:
4870:
4825:
4731:
4666:
4601:
4561:The Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem
4510:
4416:
4376:
4356:
4313:
4057:
4048:
4039:
4000:
3976:
3963:
3954:
3937:
3736:List of oldest church buildings
3368:Issues with Israeli authorities
3273:The primary custodians are the
3112:Chapel of the Division of Robes
3024:
2781:East end of the Greek Orthodox
2715:
2553:
2522:, which others identify as the
2511:
2394:
2390:
2302:Bell tower left of the entrance
2164:(both are disputed between the
1970:needs additional citations for
73:
69:
61:
36:Holy Sepulchre (disambiguation)
11356:Basilica churches in Jerusalem
11004:Leonardo Plaza Hotel Jerusalem
10559:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque
10226:Menachem Begin Heritage Center
9762:Al-Khanqah al-Salahiyya Mosque
9176:Convent of the Sisters of Zion
9147:Monastery of the Flagellation
8802:Jerusalem British War Cemetery
8039:, pp. 48–49, JHU Press. 1996.
7962:"Church of the Holy Sepulcher"
7066:Anglican and Episcopal History
5920:Parke, Caleb (30 March 2020).
5212:Foakes-Jackson, Frederick John
4290:
4258:
4107:
3869:
3774:
3340:, Ottoman governor and French
2966:Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalene
2142:(Greek Orthodox), next to the
1994:"Church of the Holy Sepulchre"
1945:
1569:and the site of the kingdom's
1071:Background (1st–4th centuries)
1036:Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre
976:. The church has been a major
13:
1:
11200:Jerusalem Food Truck Festival
10646:Jerusalem Walls National Park
10641:Jerusalem Archaeological Park
10472:Cathedral of the Annunciation
10236:Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem
9368:Church of the Holy Archangels
9271:Church of Our Lady of Sorrows
9253:Cathedral of the Annunciation
7841:. Reuters. 26 February 2018.
7770:Jonathan Lis and Nir Hasson,
7207:Featherman, Americus (1881).
7118:Bedlam. St. Mary of Bethlehem
6322:LoLordo, Ann (28 June 1999).
6056:. 7 June 2021. Archived from
6014:Harutyunyan, Khachik (2020).
5133:MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2009).
4095:
3711:Fathers of the Holy Sepulchre
3476:and directly adjacent to the
3426:Land sale to Israeli settlers
3220:
3085:
3072:Monastery of the Flagellation
2890:
2772:
2754:, lies the altar used by the
2557:
2520:the 13th Station of the Cross
2293:
2199:Crusader chapel dedicated to
1877:
1815:Jordanian and Israeli periods
1783:
1673:
1618:Khwarizmian sack of Jerusalem
1447:
1372:Reconstruction (11th century)
1360:with shock: it was a spur to
1287:Sasanian capture of Jerusalem
1195:
1159:First sanctuary (4th century)
958:
253:
11366:Relics associated with Jesus
11311:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
11205:Temple Mount Sifting Project
11122:Markets and shopping centers
10482:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
10369:Great Synagogue of Jerusalem
9478:Protestant Church in Germany
9059:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
8558:Luke, Harry Charles (1924).
8425:10.1080/02757206.2011.595008
8156:www.thecommondenominator.com
7991:Bahat, Dan (May–June 1986).
7897:Hasson, Nir (13 June 2019).
7684:. London. 10 November 2008.
7190:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
6838:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
6140:Wright, John Robert (1995).
5791:Lancaster, James E. (1998).
5650:Lancaster, James E. (2015).
5622:The Bible and Interpretation
5094:Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004).
4100:
3844:Yäḳdus Mäḳabr betä-krəstiyan
3578:
3552:The church is a part of the
3351:Exaltation of the Holy Cross
2981:Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene
2586:Rotunda interior painted by
2527:
2211:Oratory of St. Mary of Egypt
2204:
1874:Israel Antiquities Authority
1220:
1032:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
883:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
635:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
65:
49:Church of the Holy Sepulchre
7:
11386:Church buildings with domes
11190:Jerusalem Festival of Light
10882:Jerusalem Metropolitan Park
10867:Jerusalem Botanical Gardens
10604:Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin
9085:New Church of the Theotokos
8636:(Roman Catholic custodians)
8630:(Greek Orthodox custodians)
8499:"Sepulchre, The Holy"
8373:. Oxford University Press.
7998:Biblical Archaeology Review
7930:Surkes, Sue (9 June 2022).
7611:"Punch-up at tomb of Jesus"
7503:Joudeh al-Husseini, Adeeb.
7287:Longfellow, W.P.P. (1895).
5616:Cohen, Raymond (May 2009).
4737:Stolzenburg, Xenia (2017).
4458:The Secret of Christ's Tomb
4149:McMahon, Arthur L. (1913).
4065:
3930:
3910:
3890:
3863:
3843:
3823:
3795:
3640:
3626:between 1656 and 1666, and
3518:
3442:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate
3300:. In the 19th century, the
3287:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate
3053:Monastery of the Praetorium
2705:in English, from the Latin
1770:By the time of the British
1437:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
1431:Crusader period (1099–1244)
10:
11482:
10887:Orson Hyde Memorial Garden
10862:Jerusalem Bird Observatory
10531:Monastery of Saint Saviour
10477:Church of the Flagellation
10118:National Library of Israel
9622:Surrounding streets, roads
9156:Church of the Flagellation
9151:Church of the Condemnation
9143:Monastery of Saint Saviour
8610:National Library of Israel
8591:, dedicated church website
8529:Metropolitan Museum of Art
8315:Coüasnon, Charles (1974).
8206:
7441:holysepulchre.custodia.org
7381:Jerusalem, City of Longing
7322:. Good Press. p. 26.
7060:Wright, J. Robert (1995).
6896:DeSandoli, Sabino (1986).
6777:Encyclopædia Metropolitana
6652:. Routledge. p. 121.
6613:King, Edwin James (1931).
5733:Hesemann, Michael (1999).
5373:. J. Murray. p. 294.
5100:. Doubleday. p. 155.
4974:Kelley, Justin L. (2019).
4949:Orthodox Church in America
3746:Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem)
3554:UNESCO World Heritage Site
3452:Connection to Roman temple
3327:Interdenominational issues
3229:
3156:
3125:
2913:Altar in the Syriac chapel
2482:Riccoldo da Monte di Croce
2306:The 12th-century Crusader
1754:Floorplan, illustrated by
1642:Athanasius II of Jerusalem
1530:chapel dedicated to Helena
1514:By the Crusader period, a
1491:Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri
1440:
1434:
1284:
1063:
1059:
1050:Church of the Resurrection
887:Church of the Resurrection
29:
11272:
11213:
11157:
11121:
11085:
11022:
10961:
10925:
10829:
10719:
10586:
10546:
10504:Church of the Holy Family
10467:Chapel of Simon of Cyrene
10459:
10424:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue
10364:Four Sephardic Synagogues
10354:Beit El Kabbalist yeshiva
10336:
10329:
10174:Bloomfield Science Museum
10161:
10033:
9921:
9904:Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue
9865:Four Sephardic Synagogues
9843:
9812:
9789:
9746:
9677:
9658:
9509:
9504:
9467:
9436:
9427:
9399:
9381:
9347:
9336:
9297:
9279:
9261:
9237:
9186:Church of the Holy Family
9163:Chapel of Simon of Cyrene
9103:
9094:
9047:
9038:
9017:
8901:
8815:
8794:
8758:
8742:
8726:
7293:. Scribner. p. 179.
6992:Pierotti, Ermete (1864).
6943:. See The Holy Land.net.
6539:Saving the Holy Sepulchre
6324:"Trouble in a holy place"
5797:Jim Lancaster's Web Space
4617:26 September 2010 at the
4478:Stephenson, Paul (2010).
4460:(television production).
4428:The Resurrection of Jesus
4402:10.1017/S0028688500016465
4334:10.1017/S0035869X00140614
4071:
3919:
3879:
3832:
3812:
3805:Ecclesia Sancti Sepulchri
3784:
3480:(now the location of the
2934:Saint Joseph of Arimathea
2895:Station of the Holy Women
2876:Cross over the catholicon
1386:Constantine IX Monomachos
1139:, was presumed to be the
950:Constantine IX Monomachos
294:
283:
275:
270:
262:
247:
227:
217:
212:
200:
190:
182:
177:
152:
132:
118:
84:
80:
53:
48:
10938:Jerusalem Sports Quarter
10184:Chamber of the Holocaust
9363:Cathedral of Saint James
8409:History and Anthropology
8185:. ABC-CLIO. p. 57.
7800:
7777:25 February 2018 at the
7346:"Chapel of Saint Helena"
7121:. Lulu.com. p. 32.
6911:Jeffery, George (1919).
6619:. Methuen. p. 236.
6391:companion of the Prophet
6101:The Life of Jesus Christ
5350:Jeffery, George (1919).
5321:"Chapel of Saint Helena"
5034:Kroesen, Justin (2000).
4864:Itinerarium Burdigalense
4744:10 November 2019 at the
4553:Corbo, Virgilio (1981).
4301:
3767:
3486:Russian Mission in Exile
3298:Custody of the Holy Land
3200:Grotto of the Holy Cross
3104:Chapel of Saint Longinus
2992:Chapel of the Apparition
2974:Chapel of the Apparition
2767:Chapel of the Apparition
2287:Forty Martyrs of Sebaste
2081:under a window, and the
1726:A fire severely damaged
1485:Latin ruler of Jerusalem
708:Greek Orthodox Patriarch
11195:Jerusalem Film Festival
10451:Zoharei Chama Synagogue
10389:Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue
10133:Supreme Court of Israel
9963:Christianity portal
9885:Ohel Yitzchak Synagogue
9610:Double, Single, Tanners
9391:Monastery of Saint Mark
8937:Christianity portal
8878:Tomb of the Virgin Mary
8868:Tomb of Simeon the Just
8720:Cemeteries in Jerusalem
8509:Encyclopædia Britannica
8398:(subscription required)
8367:Cohen, Raymond (2008).
8261:Biddle, Martin (1999).
8070:10 October 2007 at the
8026:Toynbee, Jocelyn M. C.
8016:(subscription required)
7699:(subscription required)
7649:San Francisco Chronicle
7213:Trübner & Company.
7115:Trainor, Terry (2012).
6967:"The Cross of Golgotha"
6863:Janin, Raymond (1913).
6735:Pringle, Denys (1993).
6536:Cohen, Raymond (2008).
5759:"Saint Vartan's Chapel"
5396:Pringle, Denys (1993).
5200:(subscription required)
4364:Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome
4238:Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome
4205:Gates, Charles (2011).
4180:Sacred-destinations.com
3984:Eastern Orthodox Church
3796:Naós tou Panagíou Táfou
3785:Ναός του Παναγίου Τάφου
3616:New Jerusalem Monastery
3289:as well as through the
2331:, through the crusader
2146:entrance to the parvis.
2140:Monastery of St Abraham
1668:accounts indicate. The
1624:The church was lost to
1483:, who became the first
1456:, when calling for the
1325:Eutychius of Alexandria
1054:Church of the Anastasis
1018:
989:Christian denominations
11446:Status quo holy places
11381:Christianity and death
11341:Alleged tombs of Jesus
11165:1st Jerusalem Biennale
11103:Jerusalem Cinematheque
10857:Jerusalem Biblical Zoo
10691:Tombs of the Sanhedrin
10492:Chapel of Saint Helena
10394:Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue
10231:Museum for Islamic Art
10189:Friends of Zion Museum
9870:Ohr ha-Chaim Synagogue
9486:Church of the Redeemer
9069:Chapel of Saint Helena
8873:Tombs of the Sanhedrin
8235:Morris, Colin (2005),
7537:Tucci, Grazia (2019).
7437:"Chapel of St. Helena"
6774:Encyclopaedia (1852).
5042:. Leuven. p. 11.
4987:. p. 4 (note 3).
4712:Historia Ecclesiastica
3804:
3751:Palestinian Christians
3701:Christianity in Israel
3537:
3527:1842 lithograph after
3465:
3423:
3404:municipal property tax
3396:
3249:
3201:
3168:
3153:Chapel of Saint Vartan
3139:
3137:Chapel of Saint Helena
3122:Chapel of Saint Helena
3116:Chapel of the Derision
3095:
3040:
3012:
2975:
2967:
2914:
2789:
2750:, constructed of iron
2706:
2501:Descent from the Cross
2465:
2457:
2385:
2323:
2303:
2257:group of three chapels
2231:The tomb (including a
2086:
2066:
1831:
1794:After the care of the
1766:British Mandate period
1759:
1692:
1547:
1545:Chapel of Saint Helena
1489:
1271:Church of the Nativity
1262:
1235:
1188:
1089:
1081:First Jewish–Roman War
734:Religious significance
34:. For other uses, see
11406:Resurrection of Jesus
11326:12th-century churches
11239:Jerusalem mixed grill
11067:Shaare Zedek Cemetery
11009:Mount of Olives Hotel
10989:Inbal Jerusalem Hotel
10969:American Colony Hotel
10774:Old City of Jerusalem
10564:Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya
10524:Church of All Nations
10123:Navon railway station
10056:Gates of the Old City
9733:Madrasa Al-Ashrafiyya
9698:Dome of the Ascension
9373:Church of Saint Toros
8781:Shaare Zedek Cemetery
8668:(Armenian custodians)
8659:St. James Brotherhood
8494:Watson, Charles Moore
8458:10.1484/J.LA.5.134546
8181:Holt, Andrew (2019).
7422:18 April 2021 at the
7316:Cust, L.G.A. (2020).
7273:15 April 2020 at the
6646:Boas, Adrian (2001).
6060:on 4 September 2022.
5370:The City of Jerusalem
4886:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
4878:Wharton, Annabel Jane
4833:MacDonald, William L.
4610:Catholic Encyclopedia
4456:Strange, Bob (2017).
4389:New Testament Studies
4156:Catholic Encyclopedia
3951:of Jesus's followers.
3931:Surb Harut'yan tač̣ar
3920:Սուրբ Յարութեան տաճար
3900:كَنِيسَةُ ٱلْقِيَامَة
3813:Սուրբ Հարության տաճար
3557:Old City of Jerusalem
3526:
3470:main north–south road
3459:
3419:
3391:
3373:Tax and land disputes
3262:was upheld in Sultan
3239:
3199:
3166:
3135:
3093:
3038:
3019:are seven arches (an
3010:
2973:
2965:
2912:
2897:) and a large modern
2780:
2463:
2455:
2383:
2321:
2301:
2072:
2060:
1822:
1774:following the end of
1772:Mandate for Palestine
1753:
1687:
1538:
1435:Further information:
1415:the Fatimids and the
1396:was reopened and the
1353:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
1327:adds that Umar wrote
1257:
1143:, on which Jesus was
1137:cured people of death
1117:Constantine the Great
1034:is also known as the
1025:Resurrection of Jesus
966:stations of the Cross
195:Constantine the Great
127:Old City of Jerusalem
103:31.77833°N 35.22972°E
64:(12th century),
11316:4th-century churches
11285:Cuisine of Jerusalem
11134:Mahane Yehuda Market
11072:Sheikh Badr Cemetery
10994:Jerusalem Gate Hotel
10686:Tomb of the Prophets
10587:Archaeological sites
10499:Church of Saint Anne
10429:Tzuf Dvash Synagogue
10359:Belz Great Synagogue
10276:Schottenstein campus
10256:Old Yishuv Courtyard
10028:Tourism in Jerusalem
9951:Palestine portal
9875:Tzuf Dvash Synagogue
9181:Church of Saint Anne
8925:Palestine portal
8893:Tomb of the Prophets
8727:Christian cemeteries
8664:21 June 2020 at the
8651:22 July 2010 at the
8615:Photos of the church
8034:7 April 2023 at the
7748:. 26 February 2018.
7652:. Associated Press.
7515:on 20 September 2022
5569:6 March 2021 at the
5466:– via HAL-SHS.
5426:destroyed in 1809–10
5240:. London: J. Murray.
5169:Lev, Yaacov (1991).
3824:Surb Harutʿyan tačar
3502:Virgilio Canio Corbo
3474:main east–west roads
3472:with one of the two
3400:2018 taxation affair
3334:Chapel of the Franks
3017:Arches of the Virgin
3011:Arches of the Virgin
3003:Arches of the Virgin
2843:patriarch of Antioch
2758:. Historically, the
2568:Rotunda and Aedicule
2280:St. John the Baptist
2245:Henry III of England
2222:Chapel of the Franks
2193:Chapel of the Franks
2172:), giving access to
2158:Chapel of St Michael
2124:Gethsemane Metochion
2083:Chapel of the Franks
1979:improve this article
1882:World Monuments Fund
1868:Aedicule restoration
1855:Chapel of St. Vartan
1735:in the contemporary
1709:in 1699. During the
1634:Emperor Frederick II
1348:On 18 October 1009,
1079:in AD 70 during the
978:Christian pilgrimage
885:, also known as the
370:Second Temple Period
72:(smaller dome), and
11361:Pilgrimage churches
11093:Gerard Behar Center
10979:David Citadel Hotel
10706:Western Wall Tunnel
10676:Tomb of Benei Hezir
10404:Or Zaruaa Synagogue
10399:Old Motza Synagogue
10296:Terra Sancta Museum
10113:Montefiore Windmill
9835:Little Western Wall
9830:Western Wall Tunnel
9718:Dome of the Prophet
9031:Sorted by religions
9022:World Heritage Site
8863:Tomb of Benei Hezir
8795:Military cemeteries
8734:Mount Zion Cemetery
8600:Sacred Destinations
7968:. Generation Word.
6871:Echos of the Orient
6844:on 25 February 2019
6387:Ubadah ibn al-Samit
6336:on 29 November 2014
6185:Quarterly Statement
5956:The Times of Israel
5901:on 24 February 2021
5895:National Geographic
5708:National Geographic
5356:. CUP. p. 124.
5306:, Henry L. Savage,
4859:Pilgrim of Bordeaux
4807:National Geographic
4462:National Geographic
4186:on 3 September 2009
4007:Adémar de Chabannes
3911:Kanīsatu al-Qiyāmah
3891:Naos tes Anastaseos
3880:Ναὸς τῆς Ἀναστάσεως
3669:Christianity portal
3240:As a result of the
3173:Chapel of St Vartan
3098:The chapels in the
3064:Church of Ecce Homo
3062:, located near the
2474:Joseph of Arimathea
2314:Façade and entrance
2237:of Philip d'Aubigny
2224:, dedicated to St.
2201:Our Lady of Sorrows
2178:Chapel of St Helena
2153:(Armenian Orthodox)
1789:British authorities
1741:Chapel of the Angel
1707:Treaty of Karlowitz
1481:Godfrey of Bouillon
1443:Art of the Crusades
1364:and, later on, the
1320:Umar ibn al-Khattab
1260:Kenneth John Conant
682:Demographic history
99: /
27:Church in Jerusalem
11280:Jerusalem syndrome
11062:Sanhedria Cemetery
11014:Seven Arches Hotel
10984:The Heritage House
10681:Tombs of the Kings
10609:Cave of the Ramban
10246:Museum on the Seam
10219:Shrine of the Book
10169:Bible Lands Museum
10148:Walls of Jerusalem
10128:Shrine of the Book
9987:Judaism portal
9713:Dome of al-Khalili
9438:Anglican Communion
8961:Judaism portal
8888:Tombs of the Kings
8828:Cave of the Ramban
8776:Sanhedria Cemetery
8743:Islamic cemeteries
8417:University of Kent
8264:The Tomb of Christ
7839:The Jerusalem Post
7785:, 25 February 2018
7583:Christianity Today
7196:on 20 August 2022.
7165:on 28 October 2020
7048:this misstatement.
6998:. Bell and Daldy.
6995:Jerusalem Explored
6229:"Parvis and Entry"
5831:The New York Times
5769:on 28 October 2020
5714:on 30 October 2016
5017:Kanisah al-Qiyamah
3864:K'nesiyát ha-Kéver
3833:የቅዱስ መቃብር ቤተክርስቲያን
3655:Catholicism portal
3538:
3466:
3414:The Jerusalem Post
3362:Feast of the Cross
3306:Ethiopian Orthodox
3283:Armenian Apostolic
3250:
3202:
3169:
3140:
3096:
3041:
3013:
2976:
2968:
2944:First-century tomb
2915:
2862:Christ Pantocrator
2790:
2728:Armenian Apostolic
2470:Stone of Anointing
2466:
2458:
2448:Stone of Anointing
2386:
2376:Calvary (Golgotha)
2324:
2304:
2285:The Chapel of the
2273:St. James the Just
2087:
2067:
1951:Parvis (courtyard)
1832:
1760:
1693:
1678:Boniface of Ragusa
1662:Church of the East
1608:– the first eight
1554:style and added a
1548:
1500:Ludolf von Sudheim
1470:Alexios I Komnenos
1362:expulsions of Jews
1263:
1077:siege of Jerusalem
1046:Eastern Christians
1013:Ethiopian Orthodox
1001:Armenian Apostolic
660:Al-Quds University
147:Armenian Apostolic
108:31.77833; 35.22972
11441:Crusader churches
11416:Christian Quarter
11298:
11297:
11290:Tourism in Israel
11224:Armenian ceramics
11129:Ben Yehuda Street
11108:Jerusalem Theatre
10933:Givat Ram Stadium
10877:Liberty Bell Park
10852:Independence Park
10830:Parks and gardens
10784:Christian Quarter
10696:Tomb of Zechariah
10582:
10581:
9995:
9994:
9939:Israel portal
9917:
9916:
9913:
9912:
9785:
9784:
9777:Sidna Omar Mosque
9758:Al-Yaqoubi Mosque
9703:Dome of the Chain
9502:
9501:
9498:
9497:
9494:
9493:
9463:
9462:
9423:
9422:
9349:Armenian Orthodox
9332:
9331:
9293:
9292:
9281:Maronite Catholic
9263:Armenian Catholic
9233:
9232:
9171:
9170:
8969:
8968:
8913:Israel portal
8883:Tomb of Zechariah
8853:Silwan necropolis
8843:Herod Family Tomb
8759:Jewish cemeteries
8640:The Joudeh family
8380:978-0-19-518966-7
8227:978-1-4654-4131-7
7550:978-88-94869-78-1
6748:978-0-521-39038-5
6710:madainproject.com
6659:978-1-134-58272-3
6549:978-0-19-971990-7
6367:. 9 August 2004.
6329:The Baltimore Sun
6297:madainproject.com
6218:, pp. 94–97.
6153:978-965-7024-00-3
6096:Ludolph of Saxony
5839:on 1 January 2022
5656:CoastDaylight.com
5602:978-0-19-518966-7
5493:978-0-521-39038-5
5409:978-0-521-39038-5
5267:978-1-59698-029-7
5182:978-90-04-09344-7
4994:978-1-78969-056-9
4491:978-1-46830-300-1
4216:978-0-203-83057-4
3949:collective memory
3928:
3908:
3888:
3861:
3841:
3821:
3793:
3622:, constructed by
3610:("Holy Tomb") of
3264:Abdülmecid I
3167:St. Vartan Chapel
3159:Vardan Mamikonian
2829:The catholicon's
2804:transept crossing
2497:The modern mosaic
2282:(Greek Orthodox),
2275:(Greek Orthodox),
2055:
2054:
2047:
2029:
1912:COVID-19 pandemic
1800:Church of England
1048:also call it the
891:Christian Quarter
879:
878:
816:Greater Jerusalem
640:Hebrew University
467:
466:
304:
303:
206:13 September 335
123:Christian Quarter
16:(Redirected from
11473:
11249:Kugel Yerushalmi
11077:Tabachnik Garden
11035:Mamilla Cemetery
10999:King David Hotel
10907:Train Track Park
10789:Armenian Quarter
10727:Bukharan Quarter
10414:Ramban Synagogue
10334:
10333:
10291:Temple Institute
10281:Siebenberg House
10271:Russian Compound
10051:Dome of the Rock
10022:
10015:
10008:
9999:
9998:
9985:
9984:
9983:
9975:Islam portal
9973:
9972:
9971:
9961:
9960:
9949:
9948:
9947:
9937:
9936:
9935:
9891:
9890:
9855:Ramban Synagogue
9810:
9809:
9723:Dome of the Rock
9708:Dome of al-Khidr
9675:
9674:
9613:
9514:
9474:
9473:
9443:
9442:
9434:
9433:
9345:
9344:
9306:
9305:
9287:Maronite Convent
9239:Melkite Catholic
9192:
9191:
9125:
9124:
9101:
9100:
9045:
9044:
8996:
8989:
8982:
8973:
8972:
8959:
8958:
8957:
8949:Islam portal
8947:
8946:
8945:
8935:
8934:
8923:
8922:
8921:
8911:
8910:
8909:
8750:Mamilla Cemetery
8713:
8706:
8699:
8690:
8689:
8577:
8575:
8564:
8554:
8552:
8550:
8513:
8501:
8489:
8487:
8485:
8436:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8363:
8344:
8342:
8340:
8311:
8290:
8288:
8286:
8249:
8231:
8200:
8199:
8178:
8172:
8171:
8169:
8167:
8148:
8142:
8141:
8139:
8137:
8081:
8075:
8062:
8056:
8024:
8018:
8017:
8014:
8012:
8010:
7988:
7982:
7981:
7979:
7977:
7958:
7952:
7951:
7949:
7947:
7927:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7916:
7902:
7894:
7888:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7861:
7855:
7854:
7852:
7850:
7831:
7822:
7821:
7819:
7817:
7795:
7786:
7768:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7757:
7738:
7732:
7731:
7729:
7727:
7707:
7701:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7693:
7672:
7666:
7665:
7663:
7661:
7639:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7606:
7600:
7599:
7597:
7595:
7573:
7567:
7566:
7564:
7562:
7534:
7528:
7527:
7522:
7520:
7511:. Archived from
7500:
7494:
7493:
7473:
7463:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7452:
7433:
7427:
7414:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7403:
7372:
7366:
7365:
7363:
7361:
7356:on 15 March 2012
7352:. Archived from
7342:
7336:
7335:
7333:
7331:
7313:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7284:
7278:
7265:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7251:
7236:
7227:
7226:
7224:
7222:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7192:. Archived from
7181:
7175:
7174:
7172:
7170:
7161:. Archived from
7151:
7145:
7144:
7142:
7140:
7112:
7106:
7105:
7099:
7097:
7057:
7051:
7050:
7044:
7042:
7024:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7007:
6989:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6978:
6963:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6952:
6937:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6908:
6902:
6901:
6893:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6860:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6849:
6830:
6824:
6823:
6821:
6819:
6800:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6789:
6771:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6760:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6702:
6691:
6685:
6679:
6678:
6673:
6671:
6643:
6637:
6636:
6630:
6628:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6599:
6584:
6578:
6575:
6569:
6568:
6563:
6561:
6533:
6527:
6521:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6497:
6477:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6461:
6441:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6418:. Archived from
6416:catholicnews.com
6407:
6401:
6400:
6378:
6376:
6357:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6332:. Archived from
6319:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6289:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6263:
6257:
6254:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6240:
6225:
6219:
6213:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6180:
6174:
6173:
6167:
6165:
6137:
6131:
6130:
6125:
6123:
6092:
6086:
6080:
6071:
6070:
6062:The state-owned
6046:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6011:
6005:
6004:
6002:
6000:
5978:
5972:
5971:
5969:
5967:
5948:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5937:
5917:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5897:. Archived from
5886:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5875:
5855:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5844:
5838:
5833:. Archived from
5822:
5816:
5815:
5810:
5808:
5788:
5779:
5778:
5776:
5774:
5765:. Archived from
5755:
5749:
5748:
5730:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5719:
5710:. Archived from
5699:
5690:
5689:
5681:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5647:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5628:on 28 April 2014
5624:. Archived from
5613:
5607:
5606:
5580:
5574:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5550:
5528:
5522:
5521:, p. 46–56.
5516:
5510:
5509:
5507:
5505:
5474:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5463:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5421:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5327:. Archived from
5317:
5311:
5301:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5232:Fergusson, James
5228:
5222:
5221:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5166:
5155:
5154:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5041:
5031:
5022:
5021:
5011:
5009:
5003:
4982:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4941:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4874:
4868:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4845:Internet Archive
4842:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4813:on 27 April 2021
4809:. Archived from
4798:
4775:
4769:
4750:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4703:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4692:
4680:Hartford Courant
4670:
4664:
4663:
4657:
4655:
4638:
4632:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4588:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4550:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4475:
4466:
4465:
4453:
4436:
4435:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4234:
4221:
4220:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4172:
4161:
4160:
4151:"Holy Sepulchre"
4146:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4111:
4089:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4061:
4055:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4037:
4034:immovable ladder
4030:
4021:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3982:Every year, the
3980:
3974:
3971:Eastern Orthodox
3967:
3961:
3958:
3952:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3923:
3921:
3913:
3903:
3901:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3854:
3846:
3836:
3834:
3826:
3816:
3814:
3798:
3788:
3786:
3778:
3696:
3688:Charles Coüasnon
3671:
3666:
3665:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3609:
3564:Armenian Quarter
3246:Immovable Ladder
3110:), the Armenian
3061:
3045:Prison of Christ
3031:Prison of Christ
2873:
2857:
2814:is situated, an
2742:ceremony of the
2720:Eastern Orthodox
2686:
2674:
2662:
2650:
2638:
2626:
2614:
2599:
2583:
2368:immovable ladder
2079:immovable ladder
2050:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2028:
1987:
1963:
1955:
1886:King Abdullah II
1689:Eastern Orthodox
1567:Latin patriarchs
1494:
1378:Byzantine Empire
1238:
1225:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:De Locis Sanctis
1180:
1171:
1119:began to favour
1094:
1091:Aelia Capitolina
974:Passion of Jesus
871:
864:
857:
726:Political status
608:Dome of the Rock
380:Aelia Capitolina
356:
355:
329:
306:
305:
258:
255:
208:(1689 years ago)
170:
168:Eastern Orthodox
163:
143:Eastern Orthodox
114:
113:
111:
110:
109:
104:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
58:
46:
45:
21:
11481:
11480:
11476:
11475:
11474:
11472:
11471:
11470:
11301:
11300:
11299:
11294:
11268:
11234:Jerusalem bagel
11209:
11180:Israel Festival
11153:
11117:
11081:
11018:
10957:
10921:
10872:Jerusalem Trail
10825:
10742:Ethiopia Street
10732:Artists' Colony
10715:
10711:Zedekiah's Cave
10671:Tomb of Absalom
10631:Israelite Tower
10599:Cave of Nicanor
10578:
10542:
10455:
10384:Hurva Synagogue
10374:Hecht Synagogue
10330:Religious sites
10325:
10316:Yad Levi Eshkol
10157:
10029:
10026:
9996:
9991:
9981:
9979:
9969:
9967:
9955:
9945:
9943:
9933:
9931:
9909:
9889:
9880:Hurva Synagogue
9846:
9839:
9802:
9793:
9781:
9772:Al Dissi Mosque
9754:Al-Buraq Mosque
9742:
9681:
9667:
9662:
9654:
9653:
9650:Sultan Suleiman
9643:Ma'ale HaShalom
9641:
9616:
9611:
9599:
9574:
9567:
9566:
9565:
9562:
9557:
9556:
9553:
9548:
9547:
9544:
9539:
9538:
9535:
9530:
9529:
9523:
9522:
9519:
9507:Areas, quarters
9490:
9459:
9419:
9403:
9401:Coptic Orthodox
9395:
9383:Syriac Orthodox
9377:
9351:
9339:
9328:
9312:
9300:
9289:
9275:
9257:
9241:
9229:
9190:
9167:
9131:
9123:
9107:
9090:
9034:
9013:
9000:
8970:
8965:
8955:
8953:
8943:
8941:
8929:
8919:
8917:
8907:
8905:
8897:
8858:Tomb of Absalom
8823:Cave of Nicanor
8811:
8790:
8754:
8738:
8722:
8717:
8666:Wayback Machine
8653:Wayback Machine
8646:Nuseibeh family
8585:
8580:
8573:
8562:
8548:
8546:
8539:
8519:Weitzmann, Kurt
8483:
8481:
8397:
8390:
8388:
8381:
8360:
8338:
8336:
8329:
8308:
8284:
8282:
8275:
8256:
8254:Further reading
8247:
8228:
8209:
8204:
8203:
8193:
8179:
8175:
8165:
8163:
8150:
8149:
8145:
8135:
8133:
8082:
8078:
8072:Wayback Machine
8063:
8059:
8036:Wayback Machine
8025:
8021:
8015:
8008:
8006:
7989:
7985:
7975:
7973:
7960:
7959:
7955:
7945:
7943:
7936:Times of Israel
7928:
7924:
7914:
7912:
7895:
7891:
7881:
7879:
7871:Weekend Edition
7862:
7858:
7848:
7846:
7833:
7832:
7825:
7815:
7813:
7802:
7796:
7789:
7779:Wayback Machine
7769:
7765:
7755:
7753:
7740:
7739:
7735:
7725:
7723:
7708:
7704:
7698:
7691:
7689:
7674:
7673:
7669:
7659:
7657:
7640:
7636:
7626:
7624:
7607:
7603:
7593:
7591:
7574:
7570:
7560:
7558:
7551:
7535:
7531:
7518:
7516:
7501:
7497:
7482:
7464:
7460:
7450:
7448:
7435:
7434:
7430:
7424:Wayback Machine
7415:
7411:
7401:
7399:
7392:
7376:Goldhill, Simon
7373:
7369:
7359:
7357:
7344:
7343:
7339:
7329:
7327:
7314:
7310:
7300:
7298:
7285:
7281:
7275:Wayback Machine
7266:
7259:
7249:
7247:
7246:on 3 March 2012
7238:
7237:
7230:
7220:
7218:
7205:
7201:
7182:
7178:
7168:
7166:
7153:
7152:
7148:
7138:
7136:
7129:
7113:
7109:
7095:
7093:
7058:
7054:
7040:
7038:
7025:
7018:
7005:
7003:
6990:
6986:
6976:
6974:
6965:
6964:
6960:
6950:
6948:
6939:
6938:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6909:
6905:
6894:
6890:
6880:
6878:
6861:
6857:
6847:
6845:
6834:"Coptic Chapel"
6832:
6831:
6827:
6817:
6815:
6802:
6801:
6797:
6787:
6785:
6780:. p. 307.
6772:
6768:
6758:
6756:
6749:
6733:
6729:
6719:
6717:
6704:
6703:
6694:
6686:
6682:
6669:
6667:
6660:
6644:
6640:
6626:
6624:
6611:
6607:
6597:
6595:
6586:
6585:
6581:
6576:
6572:
6559:
6557:
6550:
6534:
6530:
6522:
6505:
6495:
6493:
6478:
6469:
6459:
6457:
6442:
6435:
6425:
6423:
6408:
6404:
6374:
6372:
6359:
6358:
6349:
6339:
6337:
6320:
6316:
6306:
6304:
6291:
6290:
6286:
6276:
6274:
6265:
6264:
6260:
6255:
6248:
6238:
6236:
6227:
6226:
6222:
6214:
6205:
6195:
6193:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6163:
6161:
6154:
6138:
6134:
6121:
6119:
6112:
6093:
6089:
6081:
6074:
6048:
6047:
6043:
6033:
6031:
6022:(in Armenian).
6012:
6008:
5998:
5996:
5979:
5975:
5965:
5963:
5950:
5949:
5945:
5935:
5933:
5918:
5914:
5904:
5902:
5887:
5883:
5873:
5871:
5856:
5852:
5842:
5840:
5823:
5819:
5806:
5804:
5789:
5782:
5772:
5770:
5757:
5756:
5752:
5745:
5735:Die Jesus-Tafel
5731:
5727:
5717:
5715:
5700:
5693:
5682:
5675:
5665:
5663:
5648:
5641:
5631:
5629:
5614:
5610:
5603:
5581:
5577:
5571:Wayback Machine
5562:
5558:
5548:
5546:
5529:
5525:
5517:
5513:
5503:
5501:
5494:
5475:
5471:
5461:
5459:
5452:
5436:
5432:
5419:
5417:
5410:
5394:
5390:
5380:
5378:
5365:
5361:
5348:
5344:
5334:
5332:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5302:
5287:
5279:
5275:
5268:
5249:
5245:
5229:
5225:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5192:
5190:
5183:
5167:
5158:
5147:
5131:
5127:
5117:
5115:
5108:
5092:
5088:
5080:
5069:
5059:
5057:
5050:
5032:
5025:
5007:
5005:
5001:
4995:
4980:
4972:
4968:
4958:
4956:
4943:
4942:
4933:
4923:
4921:
4898:10.2307/1291664
4875:
4871:
4856:
4852:
4830:
4826:
4816:
4814:
4799:
4778:
4770:
4753:
4746:Wayback Machine
4736:
4732:
4722:
4720:
4704:
4700:
4690:
4688:
4671:
4667:
4653:
4651:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4619:Wayback Machine
4606:
4602:
4589:
4580:
4570:
4568:
4551:
4542:
4532:
4530:
4515:
4511:
4501:
4499:
4492:
4476:
4469:
4454:
4439:
4421:
4417:
4384:Taylor, Joan E.
4381:
4377:
4361:
4357:
4318:
4314:
4295:
4291:
4281:
4279:
4263:
4259:
4252:
4235:
4224:
4217:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4187:
4174:
4173:
4164:
4147:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4092:
4083:
4079:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4031:
4024:
4015:Yahya ibn Sa'id
4005:
4001:
3990:
3981:
3977:
3968:
3964:
3959:
3955:
3942:
3938:
3874:
3870:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3716:The Garden Tomb
3690:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3643:
3624:Patriarch Nikon
3603:
3581:
3521:
3462:east–west roads
3454:
3428:
3375:
3370:
3329:
3321:Nusaybah family
3310:Syriac Orthodox
3302:Coptic Orthodox
3234:
3228:
3226:Ottoman decrees
3223:
3208:(named for the
3194:
3161:
3155:
3130:
3124:
3088:
3055:
3033:
3005:
2990:The Franciscan
2979:The Franciscan
2960:
2946:
2938:Saint Nicodemus
2930:Syriac Orthodox
2923:Syriac Orthodox
2907:
2887:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2865:
2858:
2792:In the central
2787:its iconostasis
2775:
2756:Coptic Orthodox
2695:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2678:
2675:
2666:
2663:
2654:
2651:
2642:
2639:
2630:
2627:
2618:
2615:
2606:
2600:
2591:
2584:
2570:
2516:Crusader graves
2505:Burial of Jesus
2450:
2378:
2356:Nuseibeh family
2316:
2296:
2241:Philip Daubeney
2188:or against it:
2144:Suq ed-Dabbagha
2102:Suq ed-Dabbagha
2051:
2040:
2034:
2031:
1988:
1986:
1976:
1964:
1953:
1948:
1924:
1908:
1870:
1857:
1817:
1768:
1737:Ottoman Baroque
1654:
1560:Queen Melisende
1526:William of Tyre
1512:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1374:
1301:Sassanid Empire
1293:
1283:
1246:, known as the
1233:(also known as
1205:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1173:
1172:
1161:
1123:and signed the
1113:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1021:
932:, where he was
875:
846:
845:
841:Historical maps
796:
795:
786:
785:
729:
728:
717:
716:
689:
688:
678:
665:
664:
655:Tomb of Lazarus
579:
578:
567:
566:
513:
479:
478:
469:
468:
440:British Mandate
353:
352:
342:
256:
207:
173:
166:
159:
107:
105:
101:
98:
93:
90:
88:
86:
85:
76:
44:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11479:
11469:
11468:
11463:
11458:
11453:
11448:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11428:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11411:Round churches
11408:
11403:
11398:
11393:
11388:
11383:
11378:
11376:Crusade places
11373:
11368:
11363:
11358:
11353:
11348:
11343:
11338:
11333:
11328:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11296:
11295:
11293:
11292:
11287:
11282:
11276:
11274:
11270:
11269:
11267:
11266:
11261:
11256:
11254:Macaroni Hamin
11251:
11246:
11241:
11236:
11231:
11226:
11220:
11218:
11211:
11210:
11208:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11161:
11159:
11155:
11154:
11152:
11151:
11146:
11141:
11136:
11131:
11125:
11123:
11119:
11118:
11116:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11089:
11087:
11083:
11082:
11080:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11058:
11057:
11052:
11042:
11037:
11032:
11030:Har HaMenuchot
11026:
11024:
11020:
11019:
11017:
11016:
11011:
11006:
11001:
10996:
10991:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10965:
10963:
10959:
10958:
10956:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10929:
10927:
10923:
10922:
10920:
10919:
10914:
10912:Wohl Rose Park
10909:
10904:
10899:
10894:
10889:
10884:
10879:
10874:
10869:
10864:
10859:
10854:
10849:
10847:Gazelle Valley
10844:
10839:
10833:
10831:
10827:
10826:
10824:
10823:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10806:Nahalat Shiv'a
10803:
10798:
10797:
10796:
10794:Muslim Quarter
10791:
10786:
10781:
10779:Jewish Quarter
10771:
10770:
10769:
10764:
10759:
10754:
10752:Davidka Square
10744:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10723:
10721:
10717:
10716:
10714:
10713:
10708:
10703:
10698:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10678:
10673:
10668:
10663:
10658:
10653:
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10622:
10621:
10611:
10606:
10601:
10596:
10590:
10588:
10584:
10583:
10580:
10579:
10577:
10576:
10574:Mosque of Omar
10571:
10569:Marwani Mosque
10566:
10561:
10556:
10554:Al-Aqsa Mosque
10550:
10548:
10544:
10543:
10541:
10540:
10534:
10533:
10528:
10527:
10526:
10516:
10511:
10506:
10501:
10496:
10495:
10494:
10489:
10487:Deir es-Sultan
10479:
10474:
10469:
10463:
10461:
10457:
10456:
10454:
10453:
10448:
10447:
10446:
10441:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10416:
10411:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10391:
10386:
10381:
10379:Heichal Shlomo
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10344:Ades Synagogue
10340:
10338:
10331:
10327:
10326:
10324:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10306:Tower of David
10303:
10298:
10293:
10288:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10258:
10253:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10222:
10221:
10211:
10209:Islamic Museum
10206:
10201:
10196:
10194:Heichal Shlomo
10191:
10186:
10181:
10176:
10171:
10165:
10163:
10159:
10158:
10156:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10143:Tower of David
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10104:
10103:
10098:
10093:
10088:
10078:
10073:
10068:
10063:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10041:Armon HaNatziv
10037:
10035:
10031:
10030:
10025:
10024:
10017:
10010:
10002:
9993:
9992:
9990:
9989:
9977:
9965:
9953:
9941:
9929:
9922:
9919:
9918:
9915:
9914:
9911:
9910:
9908:
9907:
9899:
9897:
9888:
9887:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9867:
9862:
9857:
9851:
9849:
9841:
9840:
9838:
9837:
9832:
9827:
9822:
9816:
9814:
9807:
9787:
9786:
9783:
9782:
9780:
9779:
9774:
9769:
9767:Mosque of Omar
9764:
9759:
9756:
9750:
9748:
9744:
9743:
9741:
9740:
9738:Marwani Mosque
9735:
9730:
9725:
9720:
9715:
9710:
9705:
9700:
9695:
9689:
9687:
9672:
9656:
9655:
9652:
9651:
9648:
9645:
9636:
9631:
9625:
9559:
9558:
9550:
9549:
9541:
9540:
9532:
9531:
9525:
9524:
9516:
9515:
9505:
9503:
9500:
9499:
9496:
9495:
9492:
9491:
9489:
9488:
9482:
9480:
9471:
9465:
9464:
9461:
9460:
9458:
9457:
9451:
9449:
9440:
9431:
9425:
9424:
9421:
9420:
9418:
9417:
9415:Deir es-Sultan
9411:
9409:
9397:
9396:
9394:
9393:
9387:
9385:
9379:
9378:
9376:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9359:
9357:
9342:
9334:
9333:
9330:
9329:
9327:
9326:
9320:
9318:
9310:Greek Orthodox
9303:
9295:
9294:
9291:
9290:
9285:
9283:
9277:
9276:
9274:
9273:
9267:
9265:
9259:
9258:
9256:
9255:
9249:
9247:
9235:
9234:
9231:
9230:
9228:
9227:
9224:Templum Domini
9220:
9213:
9206:
9200:
9198:
9189:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9172:
9169:
9168:
9166:
9165:
9160:
9159:
9158:
9153:
9145:
9139:
9137:
9122:
9121:
9115:
9113:
9098:
9092:
9091:
9089:
9088:
9080:
9073:
9072:
9071:
9066:
9064:Deir es-Sultan
9055:
9053:
9042:
9036:
9035:
9033:
9032:
9029:
9018:
9015:
9014:
8999:
8998:
8991:
8984:
8976:
8967:
8966:
8964:
8963:
8951:
8939:
8927:
8915:
8902:
8899:
8898:
8896:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8865:
8860:
8855:
8850:
8848:Holy Sepulchre
8845:
8840:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8819:
8817:
8813:
8812:
8810:
8809:
8804:
8798:
8796:
8792:
8791:
8789:
8788:
8783:
8778:
8773:
8768:
8766:Har HaMenuchot
8762:
8760:
8756:
8755:
8753:
8752:
8746:
8744:
8740:
8739:
8737:
8736:
8730:
8728:
8724:
8723:
8716:
8715:
8708:
8701:
8693:
8687:
8686:
8681:
8670:
8669:
8656:
8643:
8637:
8631:
8619:
8618:
8612:
8603:
8597:
8592:
8584:
8583:External links
8581:
8579:
8578:
8555:
8538:978-0870991790
8537:
8521:, ed. (1979).
8515:
8504:Chisholm, Hugh
8490:
8437:
8400:
8379:
8364:
8358:
8345:
8327:
8312:
8306:
8291:
8273:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8251:
8250:
8246:978-0198269281
8245:
8232:
8226:
8208:
8205:
8202:
8201:
8191:
8173:
8143:
8102:10.2307/766940
8096:(2): 311–321.
8076:
8057:
8019:
7983:
7953:
7922:
7889:
7856:
7823:
7787:
7763:
7733:
7702:
7667:
7634:
7601:
7568:
7549:
7529:
7495:
7480:
7458:
7428:
7409:
7390:
7367:
7337:
7308:
7279:
7257:
7228:
7199:
7176:
7159:Madain Project
7146:
7127:
7107:
7072:(4): 482–504.
7052:
7016:
6984:
6958:
6932:
6903:
6888:
6866:Échos d'Orient
6855:
6825:
6795:
6766:
6747:
6727:
6692:
6690:, p. 104.
6680:
6658:
6638:
6605:
6594:on 24 May 2008
6579:
6570:
6548:
6528:
6503:
6488:. Manchester.
6467:
6433:
6422:on 11 May 2019
6402:
6347:
6314:
6284:
6258:
6246:
6235:on 1 July 2012
6220:
6203:
6175:
6152:
6132:
6110:
6087:
6072:
6065:Akhbar al-Youm
6041:
6026:(2): 159–177.
6006:
5973:
5943:
5912:
5881:
5850:
5817:
5780:
5763:Madain Project
5750:
5743:
5725:
5691:
5673:
5639:
5608:
5601:
5575:
5556:
5523:
5511:
5492:
5469:
5451:978-9654067676
5450:
5430:
5408:
5388:
5359:
5342:
5331:on 16 May 2020
5325:Madain Project
5312:
5285:
5273:
5266:
5243:
5223:
5203:
5181:
5156:
5146:978-0141957951
5145:
5125:
5106:
5086:
5067:
5049:978-9042909526
5048:
5023:
4993:
4966:
4931:
4869:
4850:
4824:
4776:
4751:
4730:
4698:
4665:
4633:
4600:
4578:
4540:
4509:
4490:
4467:
4437:
4434:. p. 142.
4415:
4396:(2): 180–203.
4375:
4369:Revue Biblique
4355:
4328:(2): 187–207.
4312:
4298:Cust, L. G. A.
4289:
4257:
4251:978-0191528675
4250:
4222:
4215:
4197:
4162:
4136:
4119:Madain Project
4105:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4077:
4056:
4047:
4038:
4022:
3999:
3975:
3962:
3953:
3945:Joan E. Taylor
3936:
3868:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3741:Monza ampullae
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3658:
3642:
3639:
3580:
3577:
3520:
3517:
3453:
3450:
3446:Ateret Cohanim
3427:
3424:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3342:consul general
3328:
3325:
3279:Greek Orthodox
3275:Roman Catholic
3230:Main article:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3126:Main article:
3123:
3120:
3087:
3084:
3049:Greek Orthodox
3032:
3029:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2988:
2985:Mary Magdalene
2959:
2956:
2945:
2942:
2906:
2903:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2868:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2774:
2771:
2732:Divine Liturgy
2724:Roman Catholic
2692:
2691:
2688:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2562:Chapel of Adam
2449:
2446:
2434:Greek Treasury
2423:Chapel of Adam
2418:of the Cross.
2377:
2374:
2315:
2312:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2278:The Chapel of
2276:
2271:The Chapel of
2253:
2252:
2247:and signer of
2229:
2215:Greek Orthodox
2208:
2197:Roman Catholic
2182:
2181:
2174:Deir es-Sultan
2154:
2147:
2132:
2131:
2120:
2098:St Helena Road
2053:
2052:
1967:
1965:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1940:Greek Orthodox
1923:
1920:
1907:
1904:
1869:
1866:
1856:
1853:
1816:
1813:
1796:British Empire
1767:
1764:
1653:
1652:Ottoman period
1650:
1614:Chapel of Adam
1511:
1508:
1449:
1446:
1432:
1429:
1421:Abbasid caliph
1419:(loyal to the
1394:Constantinople
1373:
1370:
1350:Fatimid caliph
1345:was murdered.
1282:
1279:
1252:
1251:
1227:
1185:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1125:Edict of Milan
1112:
1109:
1072:
1069:
1061:
1058:
1040:Holy Sepulchre
1020:
1017:
997:Greek Orthodox
993:Roman Catholic
911:fourth century
877:
876:
874:
873:
866:
859:
851:
848:
847:
844:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
797:
793:
792:
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
781:US recognition
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
752:
751:
746:
741:
730:
724:
723:
722:
719:
718:
715:
713:Crusader kings
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
687:
686:
685:
684:
672:
671:
670:
667:
666:
663:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
616:
615:
613:Al-Aqsa Mosque
610:
596:
591:
586:
580:
574:
573:
572:
569:
568:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
518:
517:
512:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
485:
484:
480:
476:
475:
474:
471:
470:
465:
464:
461:
460:
449:Modern period
446:
445:
442:
436:
435:
432:
426:
425:
422:
416:
415:
412:
406:
405:
402:
396:
395:
392:
386:
385:
382:
376:
375:
372:
366:
365:
362:
354:
351:
350:
349:
348:
336:
335:
334:
331:
330:
322:
321:
315:
314:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
281:
280:
277:
273:
272:
271:Specifications
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
251:
249:Groundbreaking
245:
244:
234:Paleochristian
231:
225:
224:
221:
215:
214:
210:
209:
204:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
175:
174:
172:
171:
164:
161:Roman Catholic
156:
154:
150:
149:
136:
130:
129:
120:
116:
115:
82:
81:
78:
77:
59:
51:
50:
42:
26:
18:Holy Sepulchre
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11478:
11467:
11464:
11462:
11459:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11449:
11447:
11444:
11442:
11439:
11437:
11434:
11432:
11429:
11427:
11424:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11397:
11394:
11392:
11389:
11387:
11384:
11382:
11379:
11377:
11374:
11372:
11369:
11367:
11364:
11362:
11359:
11357:
11354:
11352:
11349:
11347:
11344:
11342:
11339:
11337:
11334:
11332:
11329:
11327:
11324:
11322:
11319:
11317:
11314:
11312:
11309:
11308:
11306:
11291:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11277:
11275:
11271:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11257:
11255:
11252:
11250:
11247:
11245:
11242:
11240:
11237:
11235:
11232:
11230:
11227:
11225:
11222:
11221:
11219:
11217:
11212:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11185:Jerusalem Day
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11162:
11160:
11156:
11150:
11149:Suq el-Bazaar
11147:
11145:
11142:
11140:
11137:
11135:
11132:
11130:
11127:
11126:
11124:
11120:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11090:
11088:
11084:
11078:
11075:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11056:
11053:
11051:
11048:
11047:
11046:
11043:
11041:
11038:
11036:
11033:
11031:
11028:
11027:
11025:
11021:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11005:
11002:
11000:
10997:
10995:
10992:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10966:
10964:
10960:
10954:
10953:Teddy Stadium
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10930:
10928:
10924:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10900:
10898:
10895:
10893:
10890:
10888:
10885:
10883:
10880:
10878:
10875:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10848:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10838:
10835:
10834:
10832:
10828:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10795:
10792:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10780:
10777:
10776:
10775:
10772:
10768:
10765:
10763:
10762:Tzahal Square
10760:
10758:
10755:
10753:
10750:
10749:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10724:
10722:
10718:
10712:
10709:
10707:
10704:
10702:
10699:
10697:
10694:
10692:
10689:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10672:
10669:
10667:
10664:
10662:
10659:
10657:
10654:
10652:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10624:
10620:
10619:Siloam tunnel
10617:
10616:
10615:
10614:City of David
10612:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10602:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10591:
10589:
10585:
10575:
10572:
10570:
10567:
10565:
10562:
10560:
10557:
10555:
10552:
10551:
10549:
10545:
10539:
10536:
10535:
10532:
10529:
10525:
10522:
10521:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10505:
10502:
10500:
10497:
10493:
10490:
10488:
10485:
10484:
10483:
10480:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10464:
10462:
10458:
10452:
10449:
10445:
10444:Wilson's Arch
10442:
10440:
10437:
10436:
10435:
10434:Western Wall
10432:
10430:
10427:
10425:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10412:
10410:
10407:
10405:
10402:
10400:
10397:
10395:
10392:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10382:
10380:
10377:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10360:
10357:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10349:Ari Synagogue
10347:
10345:
10342:
10341:
10339:
10335:
10332:
10328:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10297:
10294:
10292:
10289:
10287:
10284:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10244:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10220:
10217:
10216:
10215:
10214:Israel Museum
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10167:
10166:
10164:
10160:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10134:
10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10102:
10099:
10097:
10094:
10092:
10089:
10086:
10082:
10079:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10061:Damascus Gate
10059:
10058:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10046:Chords Bridge
10044:
10042:
10039:
10038:
10036:
10032:
10023:
10018:
10016:
10011:
10009:
10004:
10003:
10000:
9988:
9978:
9976:
9966:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9952:
9942:
9940:
9930:
9928:
9924:
9923:
9920:
9906:
9905:
9901:
9900:
9898:
9896:
9892:
9886:
9883:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9873:
9871:
9868:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9860:Ari Synagogue
9858:
9856:
9853:
9852:
9850:
9848:
9842:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9828:
9826:
9823:
9821:
9820:Southern Wall
9818:
9817:
9815:
9811:
9808:
9805:
9801:
9797:
9792:
9788:
9778:
9775:
9773:
9770:
9768:
9765:
9763:
9760:
9757:
9755:
9752:
9751:
9749:
9747:Other mosques
9745:
9739:
9736:
9734:
9731:
9729:
9728:Dome of Yusuf
9726:
9724:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9714:
9711:
9709:
9706:
9704:
9701:
9699:
9696:
9694:
9691:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9680:
9676:
9673:
9670:
9666:
9665:Sunni Islamic
9661:
9657:
9649:
9646:
9644:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9623:
9620:
9619:
9614:
9607:
9603:
9598:
9594:
9590:
9586:
9582:
9578:
9573:
9572:
9564:
9555:
9546:
9537:
9528:
9521:
9513:
9508:
9487:
9484:
9483:
9481:
9479:
9475:
9472:
9470:
9466:
9456:
9455:Christ Church
9453:
9452:
9450:
9448:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9426:
9416:
9413:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9402:
9398:
9392:
9389:
9388:
9386:
9384:
9380:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9361:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9350:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9335:
9325:
9322:
9321:
9319:
9316:
9311:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9296:
9288:
9284:
9282:
9278:
9272:
9269:
9268:
9266:
9264:
9260:
9254:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9240:
9236:
9226:
9225:
9221:
9219:
9218:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9201:
9199:
9197:
9193:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9174:
9173:
9164:
9161:
9157:
9154:
9152:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9130:
9126:
9120:
9117:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9106:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9093:
9087:
9086:
9081:
9079:
9078:
9074:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9062:
9061:
9060:
9057:
9056:
9054:
9051:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9037:
9030:
9027:
9023:
9020:
9019:
9016:
9012:
9008:
9004:
8997:
8992:
8990:
8985:
8983:
8978:
8977:
8974:
8962:
8952:
8950:
8940:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8926:
8916:
8914:
8904:
8903:
8900:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8820:
8818:
8814:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8799:
8797:
8793:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8763:
8761:
8757:
8751:
8748:
8747:
8745:
8741:
8735:
8732:
8731:
8729:
8725:
8721:
8714:
8709:
8707:
8702:
8700:
8695:
8694:
8691:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8676:
8675:
8674:
8673:Virtual tours
8667:
8663:
8660:
8657:
8654:
8650:
8647:
8644:
8641:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8626:
8625:
8624:
8623:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8607:
8604:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8590:
8587:
8586:
8572:
8568:
8561:
8556:
8544:
8540:
8534:
8530:
8526:
8525:
8520:
8516:
8511:
8510:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8491:
8479:
8475:
8471:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8451:
8447:
8443:
8438:
8434:
8430:
8426:
8422:
8418:
8414:
8410:
8406:
8401:
8386:
8382:
8376:
8372:
8371:
8365:
8361:
8359:0-903526-53-0
8355:
8351:
8346:
8334:
8330:
8328:0-19-725938-3
8324:
8320:
8319:
8313:
8309:
8307:0-8478-2282-6
8303:
8299:
8298:
8292:
8280:
8276:
8274:0-7509-1926-4
8270:
8266:
8265:
8259:
8258:
8248:
8242:
8238:
8233:
8229:
8223:
8219:
8215:
8211:
8210:
8198:
8194:
8192:9781440854620
8188:
8184:
8177:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8147:
8131:
8127:
8123:
8119:
8115:
8111:
8107:
8103:
8099:
8095:
8091:
8087:
8080:
8073:
8069:
8066:
8061:
8054:
8050:
8046:
8045:0-8018-5507-1
8042:
8038:
8037:
8033:
8030:
8023:
8004:
8000:
7999:
7994:
7987:
7971:
7967:
7966:Jerusalem 101
7963:
7957:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7926:
7910:
7906:
7901:
7893:
7877:
7873:
7872:
7867:
7860:
7844:
7840:
7836:
7830:
7828:
7811:
7808:(in Hebrew).
7807:
7803:
7794:
7792:
7784:
7780:
7776:
7773:
7767:
7751:
7747:
7743:
7737:
7721:
7717:
7713:
7706:
7687:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7671:
7655:
7651:
7650:
7645:
7638:
7622:
7618:
7617:
7612:
7605:
7589:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7572:
7556:
7552:
7546:
7542:
7541:
7533:
7526:
7514:
7510:
7509:Arabic Weekly
7506:
7499:
7491:
7487:
7483:
7481:9781576079195
7477:
7472:
7471:
7462:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7432:
7425:
7421:
7418:
7413:
7397:
7393:
7391:9780674034686
7387:
7383:
7382:
7377:
7371:
7355:
7351:
7347:
7341:
7325:
7321:
7320:
7312:
7296:
7292:
7291:
7283:
7276:
7272:
7269:
7264:
7262:
7245:
7241:
7235:
7233:
7216:
7212:
7211:
7203:
7195:
7191:
7187:
7180:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7150:
7134:
7130:
7128:9781471714283
7124:
7120:
7119:
7111:
7104:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7067:
7063:
7056:
7049:
7036:
7032:
7031:
7023:
7021:
7013:
7001:
6997:
6996:
6988:
6972:
6968:
6962:
6946:
6942:
6936:
6920:
6916:
6915:
6907:
6899:
6892:
6876:
6872:
6868:
6867:
6859:
6843:
6839:
6835:
6829:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6799:
6783:
6779:
6778:
6770:
6754:
6750:
6744:
6740:
6739:
6731:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6689:
6684:
6677:
6665:
6661:
6655:
6651:
6650:
6642:
6635:
6622:
6618:
6617:
6609:
6593:
6589:
6583:
6574:
6567:
6555:
6551:
6545:
6541:
6540:
6532:
6526:, p. 98.
6525:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6476:
6474:
6472:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6440:
6438:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6406:
6399:
6397:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6370:
6366:
6362:
6356:
6354:
6352:
6335:
6331:
6330:
6325:
6318:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6288:
6272:
6268:
6262:
6253:
6251:
6234:
6230:
6224:
6217:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6191:
6187:
6186:
6179:
6172:
6159:
6155:
6149:
6145:
6144:
6136:
6129:
6117:
6113:
6111:9780879072841
6107:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6091:
6085:, p. 97.
6084:
6079:
6077:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6059:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6010:
5994:
5990:
5989:
5984:
5977:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5947:
5931:
5927:
5923:
5916:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5885:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5854:
5837:
5832:
5828:
5821:
5814:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5787:
5785:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5754:
5746:
5744:3-451-27092-7
5740:
5736:
5729:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5698:
5696:
5687:
5680:
5678:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5646:
5644:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5612:
5604:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5579:
5573:(in Spanish).
5572:
5568:
5565:
5560:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5527:
5520:
5515:
5499:
5495:
5489:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5473:
5457:
5453:
5447:
5443:
5442:
5434:
5427:
5415:
5411:
5405:
5401:
5400:
5392:
5376:
5372:
5371:
5363:
5355:
5354:
5346:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5316:
5309:
5305:
5300:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5282:
5277:
5269:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5247:
5239:
5238:
5233:
5227:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5188:
5184:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5152:
5148:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5129:
5113:
5109:
5107:0-385-50584-1
5103:
5099:
5098:
5090:
5083:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5055:
5051:
5045:
5040:
5039:
5030:
5028:
5020:
5018:
5015:Arabic title
5000:
4996:
4990:
4986:
4979:
4978:
4970:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4867:, p. 594
4866:
4865:
4860:
4854:
4846:
4841:
4840:
4834:
4828:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4774:, p. 99.
4773:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4734:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4702:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4649:
4645:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4604:
4596:
4595:
4587:
4585:
4583:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4517:Rudd, Steve.
4513:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4474:
4472:
4463:
4459:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4424:Allison, Dale
4419:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4371:
4370:
4365:
4359:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4316:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4293:
4277:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4253:
4247:
4243:
4242:The Holy Land
4239:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4218:
4212:
4208:
4201:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4110:
4106:
4087:
4086:Hebrews 13:12
4084:For example,
4081:
4067:
4060:
4051:
4042:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4003:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3972:
3966:
3957:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3932:
3926:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3897:
3892:
3886:
3877:
3872:
3865:
3859:
3850:
3845:
3839:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3659:
3656:
3650:
3645:
3638:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3620:Moscow Oblast
3617:
3613:
3607:
3602:
3601:Heiliges Grab
3598:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:Santo Stefano
3576:
3574:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3543:Herod Agrippa
3536:
3535:
3530:
3529:David Roberts
3525:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3463:
3458:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3390:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3354:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3106:(named after
3105:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3009:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2964:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2919:Syriac Chapel
2911:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2889:South of the
2872:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2824:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2748:Coptic Chapel
2745:
2741:
2740:Holy Saturday
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2685:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2604:David Roberts
2598:
2593:
2590:, before 1804
2589:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2537:, Greeks and
2536:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2489:taphos symbol
2485:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2462:
2454:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2364:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2322:Entrance door
2320:
2311:
2309:
2300:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2226:Mary of Egypt
2223:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2090:The courtyard
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2064:
2063:Félix Bonfils
2059:
2049:
2046:
2038:
2035:November 2016
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1996: –
1995:
1991:
1990:Find sources:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1968:This section
1966:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1906:2020 pandemic
1903:
1900:
1895:
1894:escape tunnel
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1829:Tomb of Jesus
1826:
1821:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1757:
1756:Conrad Schick
1752:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1728:the structure
1724:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1703:Sublime Porte
1700:
1699:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1630:Third Crusade
1627:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:First Crusade
1455:
1454:Pope Urban II
1444:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:in May of 614
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1199: AD 680
1192:
1191:
1179:
1170:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1097:rock-cut tomb
1093:
1092:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
960:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
872:
867:
865:
860:
858:
853:
852:
850:
849:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
798:
790:
789:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Jerusalem Day
759:
757:
756:Jerusalem Law
754:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
736:
735:
732:
731:
727:
721:
720:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
683:
680:
679:
677:
674:
673:
669:
668:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
604:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
577:
571:
570:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
515:
514:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
483:Before Christ
482:
481:
473:
472:
462:
458:
454:
450:
448:
447:
443:
441:
438:
437:
433:
431:
428:
427:
423:
421:
420:Late Medieval
418:
417:
413:
411:
408:
407:
403:
401:
398:
397:
393:
391:
388:
387:
383:
381:
378:
377:
374:538 BCE–70 CE
373:
371:
368:
367:
363:
361:
360:City of David
358:
357:
347:
344:
343:
341:
338:
337:
333:
332:
328:
324:
323:
320:
317:
316:
312:
308:
307:
299:
297:
293:
289:
287:
282:
278:
274:
269:
265:
261:
257: AD 326
252:
250:
246:
243:
239:
235:
232:
230:
226:
222:
220:
216:
211:
205:
203:
199:
196:
193:
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185:
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176:
169:
165:
162:
158:
157:
155:
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148:
144:
140:
137:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
112:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
52:
47:
41:
37:
33:
32:Tomb of Jesus
19:
11214:Culture and
11144:Mamilla Mall
11113:Khan Theatre
10926:Sport venues
10811:Paris Square
10767:Safra Square
10661:Old Kathisma
10656:Mamilla Pool
10651:Ketef Hinnom
10636:Jason's Tomb
10538:Via Dolorosa
10481:
10460:Christianity
10419:Temple Mount
10204:Herzl Museum
10153:Western Wall
10138:Temple Mount
10076:Herod's Gate
9926:
9902:
9894:
9825:Western Wall
9804:Chief Rabbis
9693:Qibli Mosque
9621:
9609:
9569:
9568:
9506:
9222:
9215:
9208:
9203:
9195:
9083:
9077:Via Dolorosa
9075:
9058:
9040:Christianity
8838:Jason's Tomb
8833:David's Tomb
8672:
8671:
8621:
8620:
8566:
8547:. Retrieved
8527:. New York:
8523:
8507:
8482:. Retrieved
8449:
8446:Liber Annuus
8445:
8412:
8408:
8389:. Retrieved
8369:
8349:
8339:14 September
8337:. Retrieved
8317:
8296:
8285:14 September
8283:. Retrieved
8263:
8236:
8213:
8196:
8182:
8176:
8164:. Retrieved
8155:
8146:
8134:. Retrieved
8093:
8089:
8079:
8060:
8027:
8022:
8009:19 September
8007:. Retrieved
7996:
7986:
7974:. Retrieved
7965:
7956:
7944:. Retrieved
7935:
7925:
7913:. Retrieved
7904:
7892:
7880:. Retrieved
7869:
7859:
7847:. Retrieved
7838:
7814:. Retrieved
7805:
7766:
7754:. Retrieved
7745:
7736:
7726:19 September
7724:. Retrieved
7716:The Guardian
7715:
7705:
7692:19 September
7690:. Retrieved
7679:
7670:
7660:19 September
7658:. Retrieved
7647:
7637:
7627:19 September
7625:. Retrieved
7616:The Guardian
7614:
7604:
7592:. Retrieved
7581:
7571:
7561:19 September
7559:. Retrieved
7539:
7532:
7524:
7519:19 September
7517:. Retrieved
7513:the original
7508:
7498:
7474:. ABC-CLIO.
7469:
7461:
7449:. Retrieved
7440:
7431:
7412:
7400:. Retrieved
7380:
7370:
7358:. Retrieved
7354:the original
7349:
7340:
7330:30 September
7328:. Retrieved
7318:
7311:
7301:19 September
7299:. Retrieved
7289:
7282:
7248:. Retrieved
7244:the original
7219:. Retrieved
7209:
7202:
7194:the original
7189:
7179:
7167:. Retrieved
7163:the original
7158:
7149:
7137:. Retrieved
7117:
7110:
7101:
7096:21 September
7094:. Retrieved
7069:
7065:
7055:
7046:
7041:30 September
7039:. Retrieved
7029:
7011:
7006:30 September
7004:. Retrieved
6994:
6987:
6977:19 September
6975:. Retrieved
6961:
6949:. Retrieved
6935:
6925:19 September
6923:. Retrieved
6913:
6906:
6897:
6891:
6881:14 September
6879:. Retrieved
6870:
6865:
6858:
6846:. Retrieved
6842:the original
6837:
6828:
6816:. Retrieved
6808:Holyfire.org
6807:
6798:
6788:30 September
6786:. Retrieved
6776:
6769:
6759:30 September
6757:. Retrieved
6737:
6730:
6718:. Retrieved
6709:
6683:
6675:
6670:30 September
6668:. Retrieved
6648:
6641:
6632:
6627:19 September
6625:. Retrieved
6615:
6608:
6598:19 September
6596:. Retrieved
6592:the original
6582:
6573:
6565:
6560:21 September
6558:. Retrieved
6538:
6531:
6494:. Retrieved
6486:The Guardian
6485:
6458:. Retrieved
6449:
6424:. Retrieved
6420:the original
6415:
6405:
6395:
6380:
6373:. Retrieved
6364:
6340:19 September
6338:. Retrieved
6334:the original
6327:
6317:
6305:. Retrieved
6296:
6287:
6275:. Retrieved
6261:
6237:. Retrieved
6233:the original
6223:
6194:. Retrieved
6184:
6178:
6169:
6164:19 September
6162:. Retrieved
6142:
6135:
6127:
6122:30 September
6120:. Retrieved
6100:
6090:
6063:
6061:
6058:the original
6053:
6044:
6034:30 September
6032:. Retrieved
6023:
6019:
6009:
5997:. Retrieved
5986:
5976:
5964:. Retrieved
5955:
5946:
5934:. Retrieved
5925:
5915:
5903:. Retrieved
5899:the original
5894:
5884:
5872:. Retrieved
5864:Live Science
5853:
5841:. Retrieved
5836:the original
5830:
5820:
5812:
5805:. Retrieved
5796:
5771:. Retrieved
5767:the original
5762:
5753:
5734:
5728:
5716:. Retrieved
5712:the original
5707:
5685:
5664:. Retrieved
5655:
5632:19 September
5630:. Retrieved
5626:the original
5621:
5611:
5584:
5578:
5559:
5549:14 September
5547:. Retrieved
5538:
5533:
5526:
5514:
5502:. Retrieved
5482:
5472:
5460:. Retrieved
5440:
5433:
5425:
5420:30 September
5418:. Retrieved
5398:
5391:
5381:30 September
5379:. Retrieved
5369:
5362:
5352:
5345:
5333:. Retrieved
5329:the original
5324:
5315:
5307:
5303:
5280:
5276:
5256:
5246:
5236:
5226:
5216:
5206:
5191:. Retrieved
5171:
5135:
5128:
5116:. Retrieved
5096:
5089:
5058:. Retrieved
5037:
5016:
5013:
5006:. Retrieved
4985:Archaeopress
4976:
4969:
4957:. Retrieved
4922:. Retrieved
4889:
4885:
4872:
4862:
4853:
4838:
4827:
4815:. Retrieved
4811:the original
4806:
4733:
4721:. Retrieved
4711:
4701:
4689:. Retrieved
4678:
4668:
4659:
4654:19 September
4652:. Retrieved
4642:
4636:
4626:
4609:
4603:
4593:
4571:14 September
4569:. Retrieved
4560:
4555:
4531:. Retrieved
4522:
4512:
4500:. Retrieved
4480:
4457:
4427:
4418:
4393:
4387:
4378:
4367:
4358:
4325:
4321:
4315:
4303:
4292:
4280:. Retrieved
4270:
4260:
4241:
4206:
4200:
4188:. Retrieved
4184:the original
4179:
4154:
4127:. Retrieved
4118:
4109:
4080:
4063:The word is
4059:
4050:
4041:
4002:
3978:
3965:
3956:
3939:
3871:
3776:
3761:Talpiot Tomb
3632:
3593:
3582:
3561:
3551:
3547:
3539:
3532:
3506:
3496:
3492:
3490:
3485:
3467:
3439:
3429:
3420:
3412:
3399:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3355:
3330:
3314:
3272:
3267:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3185:Saint Vartan
3177:wrought iron
3097:
3068:Via Dolorosa
3042:
3014:
2949:
2947:
2927:
2916:
2888:
2828:
2820:
2811:
2797:
2791:
2764:
2713:
2696:
2571:
2548:(formerly a
2543:
2532:
2509:
2486:
2467:
2431:
2420:
2416:13th Station
2412:Stabat Mater
2408:11th Station
2403:12th Station
2399:
2387:
2372:
2365:
2353:
2343:by way of a
2341:Via Dolorosa
2325:
2305:
2254:
2183:
2133:
2106:
2088:
2077:), with the
2041:
2032:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1989:
1977:Please help
1972:verification
1969:
1936:Crusader era
1925:
1909:
1871:
1862:Saint Vartan
1858:
1851:was struck.
1843:
1833:
1793:
1769:
1761:
1745:
1725:
1714:
1696:
1694:
1655:
1646:Khwarezmians
1623:
1575:
1564:
1549:
1524:
1513:
1497:
1474:
1464:invasion of
1451:
1417:Seljuk Turks
1412:Via Dolorosa
1408:
1382:Ali az-Zahir
1375:
1355:ordered the
1347:
1333:
1313:
1294:
1268:
1264:
1247:
1209:
1206:
1153:
1121:Christianity
1114:
1074:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1022:
982:
970:Via Dolorosa
963:
915:
907:Christianity
886:
882:
880:
811:Municipality
794:Other topics
776:Islamization
744:Christianity
650:Biblical Zoo
634:
620:Western Wall
599:Temple Mount
400:Early Muslim
219:Architect(s)
213:Architecture
134:Denomination
68:(big dome),
40:
11259:Orez Shu'it
11045:Mount Herzl
10943:Malha Arena
10917:Yad Kennedy
10892:Sacher Park
10821:Zion Square
10816:Yemin Moshe
10757:Zion Square
10514:Garden Tomb
10301:Ticho House
10286:Stern House
10261:Paulus-Haus
10179:Burnt House
10091:Lions' Gate
10071:Golden Gate
9669:Grand Mufti
9129:Franciscans
8807:Mount Herzl
8786:Sheikh Badr
8452:: 449–486.
8419:: 371–399.
7946:27 December
7882:27 February
7806:Arutz Sheva
7756:27 February
6848:24 February
6383:Caliph Omar
6196:21 November
5478:Pringle, D.
5462:17 November
5193:20 February
5118:12 December
5082:Morris 2005
5008:18 December
4892:: 313–325.
4723:29 November
4691:29 November
4623:St. Ambrose
4533:29 November
4502:27 November
4072:Kουβούκλιον
4066:Kouvouklion
4019:Morris 2005
3991: [
3853:כנסיית הקבר
3691: [
3635:Christendom
3604: [
3597:holy places
3573:Charlemagne
3379:tax dispute
3358:Palm Sunday
3346:Coptic monk
3080:high priest
3056: [
2899:wall mosaic
2831:iconostasis
2752:latticework
2588:Luigi Mayer
2249:Magna Carta
2233:ledgerstone
2117:Khwarezmids
2100:(west) and
1946:Description
1928:Cosmatesque
1916:Black Death
1836:Six Day War
1776:World War I
1594:Baldwin III
1571:scriptorium
1299:, when the
1218:called the
942:Constantine
938:resurrected
771:Judaization
703:Grand Mufti
698:Chief Rabbi
516:Anno Domini
202:Consecrated
106: /
11305:Categories
11139:Malha Mall
11023:Cemeteries
10948:Pais Arena
10902:Teddy Park
10837:Bible Hill
10747:Jaffa Road
10594:Broad Wall
10519:Gethsemane
10321:Yad Vashem
10081:Jaffa Gate
9634:Jaffa Road
9629:Highway 60
9618:Al-Mawazin
9429:Protestant
9406:Archbishop
9082:See also:
9050:Status Quo
9028:since 1981
8622:Custodians
8074:, Bologna.
7619:. London.
7451:3 February
7169:28 October
7139:24 October
6307:5 December
6054:Al-Monitor
5874:1 November
5773:28 October
5718:30 October
5252:Gold, Dore
5084:, p.
5060:9 November
4983:. Oxford:
4924:11 October
4709:(c. 439).
4432:Bloomsbury
4096:References
4069:in Greek (
3493:Triportico
3295:Franciscan
3260:status quo
3255:status quo
3242:Status Quo
3221:Status Quo
3216:was found.
3214:True Cross
3157:See also:
3100:ambulatory
3086:Ambulatory
3025:catholicon
2932:Chapel of
2823:Diodoros I
2810:where the
2799:catholicon
2783:catholicon
2773:Catholicon
2716:Status Quo
2714:Under the
2554:ambulatory
2512:catholicon
2395:catholicon
2391:ambulatory
2308:bell tower
2294:Bell tower
2265:chrismated
2261:baptistery
2170:Ethiopians
2005:newspapers
1805:Protestant
1721:Status Quo
1701:from the "
1670:Franciscan
1666:Franciscan
1602:Baldwin IV
1586:Baldwin II
1556:bell tower
1552:Romanesque
1477:pilgrimage
1466:Asia Minor
1448:Background
1441:See also:
1305:Khosrau II
1285:See also:
1248:Triportico
1241:colonnaded
1229:the great
1141:True Cross
1075:After the
1064:See also:
1015:churches.
985:Status Quo
625:Synagogues
394:325–638 CE
384:130–325 CE
284:Number of
238:Romanesque
191:Founder(s)
94:35°13′47″E
91:31°46′42″N
70:catholicon
62:bell tower
11175:Holy Fire
10737:Ein Kerem
10666:The Cardo
10626:Ein Lavan
10101:Zion Gate
10066:Dung Gate
10034:Landmarks
9800:Ashkenazi
9796:Sephardic
9518:Christian
9354:Patriarch
9315:Patriarch
9244:Patriarch
9110:Patriarch
9007:Jerusalem
8474:258666985
8466:0081-8933
8433:144211027
8391:30 August
8220:. 2016 .
8126:191752841
8110:0016-920X
7681:The Times
7078:0896-8039
6634:with gems
5519:Luke 1924
4906:0070-7546
4607:From the
4410:170536292
4350:163764077
4101:Citations
3925:romanized
3905:romanized
3885:romanized
3858:romanized
3838:romanized
3818:romanized
3790:romanized
3579:Influence
3513:Aphrodite
3509:Dan Bahat
2996:scourging
2760:Georgians
2744:Holy Fire
2736:Holy Mass
2478:Dominican
2128:metochion
1849:limestone
1711:Holy Week
1658:Nestorian
1648:in 1244.
1638:interdict
1606:Baldwin V
1582:Baldwin I
1539:Crusader
1504:Georgians
1403:patriarch
1336:Patriarch
1309:Heraclius
1275:Bethlehem
1236:Martyrium
1222:Anastasis
1145:crucified
954:Crusaders
922:crucified
899:Jerusalem
831:Transport
826:City Line
453:Jordanian
444:1917–1948
434:1517–1917
424:1187–1517
414:1099–1187
390:Byzantine
319:Jerusalem
296:Materials
263:Completed
74:ambulator
10801:Muristan
10096:New Gate
9845:Orthodox
9602:Damascus
9543:Armenian
9527:Muristan
9469:Lutheran
9340:Orthodox
9338:Oriental
9301:Orthodox
9096:Catholic
9009:and its
9003:Old City
8662:Archived
8649:Archived
8571:Archived
8549:16 April
8543:Archived
8496:(1911).
8478:Archived
8385:Archived
8333:Archived
8279:Archived
8166:19 April
8160:Archived
8136:18 April
8130:Archived
8068:Archived
8053:Anatolia
8032:Archived
8003:Archived
7970:Archived
7940:Archived
7909:Archived
7876:Archived
7843:Archived
7810:Archived
7775:Archived
7750:Archived
7720:Archived
7686:Archived
7654:Archived
7621:Archived
7588:Archived
7555:Archived
7490:80014324
7445:Archived
7420:Archived
7396:Archived
7378:(2009).
7350:Holyland
7324:Archived
7295:Archived
7271:Archived
7221:19 March
7215:Archived
7133:Archived
7090:Archived
7086:42611737
7035:Archived
7000:Archived
6971:Archived
6951:18 April
6945:Archived
6919:Archived
6875:Archived
6812:Archived
6782:Archived
6753:Archived
6714:Archived
6664:Archived
6621:Archived
6554:Archived
6490:Archived
6454:Archived
6369:Archived
6301:Archived
6271:Archived
6190:Archived
6158:Archived
6116:Archived
6098:(2022).
6028:Archived
5999:14 April
5993:Archived
5960:Archived
5930:Archived
5926:Fox News
5905:28 April
5868:Archived
5843:23 March
5801:Archived
5660:Archived
5567:Archived
5543:Archived
5504:10 March
5498:Archived
5480:(1993).
5456:Archived
5414:Archived
5375:Archived
5254:(2007).
5234:(1865).
5214:(1921).
5187:Archived
5151:Archived
5112:Archived
5054:Archived
4999:Archived
4953:Archived
4918:Archived
4880:(1992).
4835:(1962).
4817:26 April
4742:Archived
4717:Archived
4707:Socrates
4685:Archived
4648:Archived
4615:Archived
4565:Archived
4527:Archived
4523:Bible.ca
4496:Archived
4426:(2021).
4342:25212148
4300:(1929).
4276:Archived
4268:(1949).
4240:(1998).
4129:18 March
4123:Archived
3916:Armenian
3809:Armenian
3641:See also
3569:Muristan
3519:Location
3482:Muristan
3435:Old City
3308:and the
3108:Longinus
2891:Aedicule
2835:cathedra
2816:omphalos
2708:aedicula
2703:Aedicule
2558:Golgotha
2480:pilgrim
2349:Muristan
2329:transept
2160:and the
2085:(right).
1878:Aedicule
1840:Muristan
1827:and the
1809:Anglican
1784:Aedicule
1780:cladding
1733:Mytilene
1674:Aedicule
1541:graffiti
1366:Crusades
1343:John VII
1339:Thomas I
1329:a decree
1303:, under
1231:basilica
1133:Eusebius
1129:Macarius
1052:and the
1038:and the
959:Aedicule
946:al-Hakim
895:Old City
766:Quds Day
594:Old City
410:Crusader
404:638–1099
364:1000 BCE
346:Timeline
311:a series
309:Part of
276:Capacity
139:Catholic
119:Location
11451:Calvary
11273:Related
11264:Sofrito
11216:cuisine
10337:Judaism
10162:Museums
10108:Knesset
9895:Defunct
9813:General
9791:Judaism
9679:Al-Aqsa
9639:Jericho
9554:Quarter
9545:Quarter
9536:Quarter
9520:Quarter
9299:Eastern
9196:Defunct
8506:(ed.).
8207:Sources
8049:Lycians
7915:13 June
7905:Haaretz
7874:. NPR.
7783:Haaretz
7746:i24NEWS
7594:2 March
7402:4 March
7360:3 March
7250:2 March
7103:absent.
6818:2 March
6688:DK 2016
6524:DK 2016
6450:Reuters
6277:10 June
6216:DK 2016
6083:DK 2016
5988:Reuters
5936:1 April
5807:2 March
4959:2 March
4914:1291664
4772:DK 2016
4628:titulus
3927::
3907::
3887::
3860::
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