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27:2) Different congregations may use either commercial bread or homemade bread prepared by members of the congregation. It is permissible to substitute rice cakes or other gluten-free breads for members who suffer from food allergies. The bread is broken into fragments just prior to being blessed by
1400:
A lack of symptoms and/or negative serological markers are not reliable indicators of mucosal response to the diet. Furthermore, up to 30% of patients continue to have gastrointestinal symptoms despite a strict GFD. If adherence is questioned, a structured interview by a qualified dietitian can help
1061:
bread would be considered "valid matter" for hosts as long as no additional substances "alter the nature of the substance of the bread". Since the 2000s, hosts with low gluten content have been manufactured in the United States, especially in parts of
Missouri and New York. People with
1143:
has no strict rules on the type of bread used for sacramental purposes. Latter-day Saint scriptures state: "For, behold, I say unto you, that it mattereth not what ye shall eat or what ye shall drink when ye partake of the sacrament, if it so be that ye do it with an eye single to my
1029:
as a means of supporting their religious communities. However, in New
Zealand, the St Vincent de Paul Society hires individuals with intellectual disabilities to bake, cut out, and sort the bread, thereby offering paid employment to those who would not otherwise have that option.
851:, and is accompanied by prayer and fasting. Before baking, each loaf is formed by placing two disks of dough, one on top of the other, and stamping it with a special liturgical seal. The prosphora should be fresh and not stale or moldy when presented at the
1037:§321 recommends that "the eucharistic bread ... be made in such a way that the priest at Mass with a congregation is able in practice to break it into parts for distribution to at least some of the faithful. ... The action of the
1045:
in apostolic times, will bring out more clearly the force and importance of the sign of unity of all in the one bread, and of the sign of charity by the fact that the one bread is distributed among the brothers and sisters."
1117:, a Pentecostal denomination, uses leavened loaves of bread. Among those who use the unleavened hosts, there is a great deal of variation: some are square or triangular rather than round, and may even be made out of
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and maintain it for life to allow the recovery of the intestinal mucosa and reduce the risk of developing severe health complications.
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glory—remembering unto the Father my body which was laid down for you, and my blood which was shed for the remission of your sins." (
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vary by congregational tradition where some will use leavened breads while others—much like Roman
Catholics—use unleavened bread.
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requires that the hosts be made from wheat flour and water only, and recently made so that there is no danger of spoiling.
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See JA, Kaukinen K, Makharia GK, Gibson PR, Murray JA (October 2015). "Practical insights into gluten-free diets".
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Often several prosphora will be baked and offered by the faithful, and the priest chooses the best one for the
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traditionally offer unleavened bread (although it is distinctively different from the kind used by the
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733:, which means 'sacrificial victim'. The term can be used to describe the bread both before and after
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Ciacci C, Ciclitira P, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Ludvigsson JF, McGough N, et al. (2015).
1208:"Eastern Catholic Churches in Australia: Canonical Issues for Catholic Clergy and Pastoral Workers"
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will be either sprinkled into the dough or on the kneading trough at the beginning of the process.
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1319:"The gluten-free diet and its current application in coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis"
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870:. The remaining loaves are blessed and offered back to the congregation after the end of the
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denominations, there is a wide variety of practices concerning the sacramental bread used.
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185:'sacrificial victim'), is the bread used in the Christian ritual of the
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1287:"Low-Gluten Diet Alternatives Have Reached A New Frontier: The Catholic Church"
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minister holding bread and a chalice containing wine, during the consecration
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Code of Canon Law - Book IV - Function of the Church Liber (Cann. 879-958)
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193:, it is one of two elements of the Eucharist. The bread may be either
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803:, 'offering') may be made out of only four ingredients: fine (white)
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to identify both intentional and inadvertent sources of gluten.
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uses both unleavened bread as well as leavened bread in which
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bread for the
Eucharist. Thus, the sacramental bread is the
737:, although it is more correct to use it after consecration.
3597:
2955:
2807:
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2426:
1249:. Wellington, New Zealand: Society of St Vincent de Paul.
219:), whereas Eastern Christian theology generally views the
4024:
2668:
2551:
1365:
1026:
843:
The baking may only be performed by a believing
Orthodox
894:), i.e. a 'gift returned', or 'in place of the gifts'.
847:
in good standing, having preferably been recently to
1281:
1279:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1310:
3041:Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology
991:the host is often thin, round, unleavened hosts.
4279:
1368:Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
1276:
1041:(breaking of bread), which gave its name to the
1141:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
940:has adopted the use of unleavened bread due to
1541:New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia: Altar Breads
1359:
1205:
1049:In 1995 Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (the future
933:(the Greek word for Eucharistic altar bread).
4207:
3449:
1561:
1484:. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
668:
1732:
1206:Waters, Ian; McGuckin, Robert (2016-01-01).
897:
838:
27:Bread used in the Christian Eucharist ritual
4222:Baked goods depicting religious iconography
726:
4214:
4200:
3456:
3442:
2893:Communion and the developmentally disabled
1568:
1554:
1055:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
675:
661:
1510:, San Jose: Resource Publications, 1991,
1342:
807:, pure water, yeast, and salt. Sometimes
223:as the point at which the change occurs.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2278:Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion
1475:
1412:
1323:United European Gastroenterology Journal
1077:
993:
970:
901:
686:
131:
3167:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
2759:General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII
1035:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
819:Because leaven is symbolic of sin, the
203:theology generally teaches that at the
197:or unleavened, depending on tradition.
14:
4280:
979:A host is a portion of bread used for
874:(Eucharist); this bread is called the
755:With the exception of Churches of the
4195:
3437:
1549:
955:
740:
4288:Eastern Christian liturgical objects
1508:Eucharistic Bread-Baking As Ministry
1135:
710:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3353:Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII
3226:Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition
24:
1500:
1444:
1253:from the original on 21 March 2018
1018:or Feast of Unleavened Bread. The
960:
831:) to symbolize the sinlessness of
825:Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church
25:
4319:
3383:Sacraments of the Catholic Church
1522:
1418:Christ's Churches Purely Reformed
1110:and distributed to the faithful.
1609:After the Second Vatican Council
1528:
1073:
975:Detail of tongs for baking hosts
967:Eucharist in the Catholic Church
814:
269:
34:
4147:Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement
1981:Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
1469:
1299:from the original on 2015-01-03
1106:Christians use rolls which are
226:
45:needs additional citations for
4107:Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book
2764:General Roman Calendar of 1960
2754:General Roman Calendar of 1954
1438:
1406:
1265:
1239:
1228:
1199:
13:
1:
3321:Fourth Council of the Lateran
1451:American Jewish Life Magazine
4123:Evangelical Lutheran Worship
4115:Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary
3270:Dicastery for Divine Worship
2967:Thanksgiving after Communion
1213:Australasian Catholic Record
890:
876:
799:
785:
695:and particles placed on the
7:
1747:Chapter and Conventual Mass
1159:
10:
4324:
3336:History of the Roman Canon
2898:Communion under both kinds
2629:Divine Worship: The Missal
964:
884:
793:
744:
637:Christian views on alcohol
396:Communion under both kinds
4227:
4068:
4015:
3959:
3933:
3902:
3851:
3780:
3655:
3514:
3487:(known as the Invocation)
3476:
3213:
3117:
3094:Priesthood of Melchizedek
2991:
2847:
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2741:
2732:
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2000:
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1829:
1801:
1682:
1635:
1591:
1380:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.156
1014:is used as in the Jewish
1002:hosts of differing sizes.
929:) use leavened bread for
923:Eastern Catholic Churches
898:Eastern Catholic Churches
839:Eastern Orthodox Churches
773:Eastern Catholic Churches
497:Catholic historical roots
4298:Religious food and drink
4131:Lutheran Book of Worship
3368:(apostolic constitution)
3342:Lex orandi, lex credendi
3251:Eastern Catholic liturgy
2353:Candles and candlesticks
1335:10.1177/2050640614559263
1192:
1025:Hosts are often made by
821:Armenian Catholic Church
588:Denominational teachings
4179:Service Book and Hymnal
3647:Prayers of the Faithful
3515:The Service of the Word
3281:Ecclesia de Eucharistia
3073:Origin of the Eucharist
1809:Liturgical use of Latin
1149:one of the officiating
1053:), then Prefect of the
942:liturgical Latinisation
927:Eastern Orthodox Church
769:Eastern Orthodox Church
492:Origin of the Eucharist
421:Feast of Corpus Christi
3852:Parts of the Sanctuary
3394:Sacrosanctum concilium
3388:Second Vatican Council
3177:Intercession of saints
3172:Holy day of obligation
2769:General Roman Calendar
1146:Doctrine and Covenants
1115:Christian Congregation
1087:
1003:
976:
915:
727:
707:
701:Liturgy of Preparation
207:the bread's substance
175:
140:
136:Unleavened hosts on a
4303:Christian terminology
4155:Lutheran Service Book
3287:Eucharistic adoration
3109:Year of the Eucharist
2602:Ceremonial of Bishops
2019:prayer over the gifts
1478:"Accepting Allergies"
1476:Christianson, Thira.
1422:Yale University Press
1081:
1066:must follow a strict
997:
974:
905:
783:. The host, known as
690:
381:Practices and customs
135:
18:Host (Holy Communion)
3704:Memorial Acclamation
3700:Words of Institution
3499:Declaration of Grace
3422:Tra le sollecitudini
3410:Traditionis custodes
2288:Eucharistic Congress
2104:Memorial Acclamation
2065:Words of Institution
1814:Ecclesiastical Latin
1707:Pontifical High Mass
1537:at Wikimedia Commons
1220:(1): 85 – via
989:Western Christianity
866:(Host) that will be
722:is derived from the
362:Words of Institution
205:Words of Institution
54:improve this article
4293:Eucharistic objects
4139:The Lutheran Hymnal
4099:Common Service Book
3656:The Service of the
3485:Trinitarian formula
3477:Preparatory Service
3403:Summorum Pontificum
3348:Liturgical Movement
3309:Eucharistic miracle
2962:Spiritual communion
2749:Tridentine calendar
1599:Pre-Tridentine Mass
946:Syro-Malabar Church
912:Syro-Malabar Church
906:Rite of Renewal of
765:Syro-Malabar Church
642:Eucharistic miracle
69:"Sacramental bread"
3960:Liturgical objects
3934:Liturgical vessels
3889:processional cross
3754:Benedicamus Domino
3689:Eucharistic Prayer
3577:Responsorial Psalm
3483:Entrance hymn and
3147:Calendar of saints
3104:Transubstantiation
3053:Liturgical colours
3035:In persona Christi
2943:Reserved sacrament
2913:Frequent Communion
2547:Processional cross
2358:Triple candlestick
2183:Benedicamus Domino
2157:Communion antiphon
2046:Eucharistic Prayer
1936:Responsorial Psalm
1447:"Matzah Communion"
1445:Wecker, Menachem.
1126:Churches of Christ
1124:Some, such as the
1088:
1004:
977:
956:Western traditions
916:
781:Resurrected Christ
741:Eastern traditions
708:
554:Transubstantiation
416:Reserved sacrament
305:Ritual and liturgy
217:transubstantiation
141:
4275:
4274:
4247:Sacramental bread
4189:
4188:
4091:Christian Worship
4083:Christian Worship
3992:sacramental bread
3967:collection basket
3431:
3430:
3326:Gelineau psalmody
3263:effects of prayer
3241:Christian liturgy
3236:Catholic theology
2948:Sacramental bread
2843:
2842:
2689:Episcopal sandals
2557:Sacramental bread
2485:Collection basket
2219:
2218:
2080:texts and rubrics
2050:Canon of the Mass
1893:Entrance Antiphon
1883:Sign of the Cross
1865:Processional hymn
1797:
1796:
1678:
1677:
1533:Media related to
1272:Roman Missal §321
1136:Latter-day Saints
1119:whole wheat flour
1051:Pope Benedict XVI
1020:Code of Canon Law
685:
684:
549:Transignification
544:Sacramental union
522:Consubstantiation
184:
160:Eucharistic bread
144:Sacramental bread
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4315:
4308:Bread in culture
4216:
4209:
4202:
4193:
4192:
4163:Lutheran Worship
4070:Liturgical books
4002:sacramental wine
3632:Athanasian Creed
3549:Dominus vobiscum
3458:
3451:
3444:
3435:
3434:
3275:Council of Trent
3258:Christian prayer
3246:Catholic liturgy
3085:Passion of Jesus
3028:ex opere operato
2933:Infant communion
2928:Host desecration
2903:Eucharistic fast
2876:Closed communion
2871:Church etiquette
2739:
2738:
2645:Roman Pontifical
2618:Graduale Simplex
2589:Liturgical books
2569:Sacramental wine
2211:Recessional hymn
2140:Dona nobis pacem
2085:Canonical digits
1992:Universal Prayer
1919:Dominus vobiscum
1834:
1833:
1730:
1729:
1645:Benedictine Rite
1633:
1632:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1532:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1453:. Archived from
1442:
1436:
1435:
1414:Benedict, Philip
1410:
1404:
1403:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1346:
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1304:
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1263:
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1260:
1258:
1243:
1237:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1203:
1182:Host desecration
1176:
1068:gluten-free diet
1012:unleavened bread
893:
887:
886:
881:
802:
796:
795:
790:
732:
677:
670:
663:
647:Host desecration
626:Related articles
604:Latter-day Saint
431:Infant communion
273:
261:
254:
231:
230:
191:sacramental wine
179:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4223:
4220:
4190:
4185:
4064:
4011:
3955:
3929:
3898:
3847:
3776:
3651:
3609:Hymn of the day
3510:
3491:Penitential Act
3472:
3462:
3432:
3427:
3366:Missale Romanum
3331:Gregorian chant
3297:Dominicae Cenae
3209:
3157:Code of Rubrics
3119:
3113:
3089:salvific nature
3066:Mysterium fidei
3059:Mirae caritatis
3007:Blood of Christ
2994:
2987:
2908:First Communion
2850:
2839:
2823:Paschal Triduum
2774:
2734:Liturgical year
2728:
2662:
2654:
2583:
2490:Communion-plate
2442:
2436:
2382:Communion bench
2319:
2215:
2206:Leonine Prayers
2194:
2002:
1996:
1985:Apostles' Creed
1898:Penitential Act
1875:
1869:
1844:Vesting prayers
1825:
1793:
1752:Coronation Mass
1728:
1674:
1670:Norbertine Rite
1660:Cistercian Rite
1655:Carthusian Rite
1631:
1618:(Ordinary Form)
1616:Mass of Paul VI
1604:Tridentine Mass
1587:
1585:Catholic Church
1574:
1525:
1503:
1501:Further reading
1498:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1424:. p. 205.
1411:
1407:
1364:
1360:
1315:
1311:
1302:
1300:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1170:
1168:signum pistoris
1162:
1156:
1138:
1090:In the varying
1076:
969:
963:
961:Catholic Church
958:
938:Maronite Church
900:
855:for use in the
841:
829:Catholic Church
817:
761:Maronite Church
753:
745:Main articles:
743:
716:
681:
652:
651:
627:
619:
618:
589:
581:
580:
566:Sacramentarians
512:
502:
501:
487:
479:
478:
465:
426:First Communion
382:
374:
373:
306:
298:
297:
296:
281:
264:
257:
250:
246:
229:
209:is changed into
152:Communion wafer
148:Communion bread
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4321:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4196:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4175:
4171:ReClaim Hymnal
4167:
4159:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4095:
4087:
4078:
4076:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3989:
3984:
3974:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3920:sanctuary lamp
3917:
3915:paschal candle
3912:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3869:altar crucifix
3866:
3861:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3771:Ite, missa est
3767:
3762:
3757:
3750:
3745:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3712:
3707:
3685:
3662:
3660:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3636:Trinity Sunday
3625:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3585:
3580:
3570:
3564:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3493:including the
3488:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3466:Divine Service
3461:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3438:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3418:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3362:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3284:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3231:Ambrosian Rite
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3195:
3188:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3141:versus populum
3131:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3070:
3062:
3055:
3050:
3043:
3038:
3031:
3021:
3014:
3012:Corpus Christi
3009:
2999:
2997:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2964:
2959:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2873:
2868:
2866:Concelebration
2863:
2855:
2853:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2631:
2621:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2392:Credence table
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2370:Sanctuary lamp
2367:
2365:Paschal candle
2362:
2361:
2360:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2333:Altar crucifix
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2179:Ite, missa est
2171:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2152:Holy Communion
2149:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1947:
1942:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1665:Dominican Rite
1662:
1657:
1652:
1650:Carmelite Rite
1647:
1641:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1592:Forms and uses
1589:
1588:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1524:
1523:External links
1521:
1520:
1519:
1506:Tony Begonja,
1502:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1468:
1437:
1431:978-0300105070
1430:
1405:
1374:(10): 580–91.
1358:
1329:(2): 121–135.
1309:
1275:
1264:
1247:"Altar Breads"
1238:
1227:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1161:
1158:
1137:
1134:
1075:
1072:
1064:celiac disease
981:Holy Communion
965:Main article:
962:
959:
957:
954:
920:Byzantine Rite
899:
896:
872:Divine Liturgy
857:Divine Liturgy
840:
837:
816:
813:
742:
739:
715:
709:
705:Divine Liturgy
683:
682:
680:
679:
672:
665:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
628:
625:
624:
621:
620:
617:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
557:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
529:
524:
513:
508:
507:
504:
503:
500:
499:
494:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
471:
464:
463:
462:
461:
456:
451:
442:
441:
440:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
383:
380:
379:
376:
375:
372:
371:
370:
369:
364:
359:
345:
344:
343:
338:
328:
326:Divine Service
323:
318:
313:
311:Divine Liturgy
307:
304:
303:
300:
299:
295:
294:
289:
283:
282:
279:
278:
275:
274:
266:
265:
263:
262:
255:
247:
240:
239:
228:
225:
213:Body of Christ
166:or simply the
146:, also called
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4320:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4262:Hot cross bun
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4252:Paska (bread)
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4217:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4203:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4181:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3925:votive candle
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3841:
3838:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3749:
3748:Postcommunion
3746:
3744:
3743:
3742:Nunc dimittis
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3715:Sign of peace
3713:
3711:
3710:Lord's Prayer
3708:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3567:Old Testament
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3464:Order of the
3459:
3454:
3452:
3447:
3445:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3162:Commemoration
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Real presence
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2973:Anima Christi
2970:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2836:
2835:Ascensiontide
2833:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2797:
2796:Ordinary Time
2794:
2792:
2791:Christmastide
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
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2635:
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2622:
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2613:
2612:Roman Gradual
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2598:
2595:
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2590:
2586:
2580:
2577:
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2316:
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2303:
2301:
2298:
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2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
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2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
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2242:
2239:
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2237:
2234:
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2197:
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2188:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:Postcommunion
2167:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Sign of peace
2128:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2109:Lord's Prayer
2107:
2105:
2102:
2096:
2093:
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2078:
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2024:
2020:
2016:
2015:Orate fratres
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:the Eucharist
1999:
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1832:
1830:Order of Mass
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1734:Ritual Masses
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1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
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1698:
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1696:Missa Cantata
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1457:on 2016-03-14
1456:
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1423:
1420:. New Haven:
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1292:ThinkProgress
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1169:
1165:Bread stamp (
1164:
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1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1085:
1080:
1074:Protestantism
1071:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1036:
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1023:
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987:churches. In
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812:
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762:
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757:Armenian Rite
752:
748:
738:
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730:
725:
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714:
711:Etymology of
706:
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520:
519:
518:
517:Real presence
515:
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252:Lord's Supper
249:
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241:
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202:
198:
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189:. Along with
188:
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124:
121:
113:
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92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4246:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4045:humeral veil
3991:
3910:altar candle
3781:Participants
3769:
3752:
3740:
3736:Distribution
3718:
3693:
3687:
3675:
3671:Sursum corda
3669:
3628:Nicene Creed
3587:
3554:
3547:
3535:
3530:Gloria Patri
3528:
3521:
3502:
3420:
3416:Stercoranism
3408:
3401:
3392:
3378:Pope Paul VI
3365:
3359:Mediator Dei
3357:
3340:
3313:
3295:
3279:
3190:
3139:
3133:
3126:
3120:and concepts
3068:(encyclical)
3065:
3057:
3045:
3033:
3026:
3016:
2980:
2971:
2947:
2918:Genuflection
2858:
2802:Septuagesima
2800:
2694:Humeral veil
2634:Sacramentary
2624:Roman Missal
2616:
2556:
2377:Chalice veil
2236:Altar server
2224:Participants
2072:
2058:
2031:Sursum corda
1782:Month's mind
1777:Requiem Mass
1762:Nuptial Mass
1716:
1694:
1627:Anglican Use
1507:
1486:. Retrieved
1481:
1471:
1459:. Retrieved
1455:the original
1450:
1440:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1301:. Retrieved
1290:
1267:
1255:. Retrieved
1241:
1230:
1217:
1211:
1201:
1166:
1155:
1139:
1123:
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1089:
1084:Prebysterian
1048:
1032:
1024:
1005:
978:
935:
917:
861:
842:
818:
754:
735:consecration
719:
717:
712:
539:Receptionism
531:
435:
411:Thanksgiving
348:Consecration
321:Holy Qurbana
286:
227:Christianity
199:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:
116:
110:October 2021
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4040:geneva gown
3760:Benediction
3470:Lutheranism
3291:benediction
3221:Agape feast
3135:Ad orientem
3118:Regulations
3078:Last Supper
2993:Eucharistic
2849:Eucharistic
2813:Passiontide
2597:Antiphonary
2515:Funghellino
2500:Evangeliary
2460:Aspergillum
2422:Purificator
2348:Antependium
2338:Altar rails
2190:Last Gospel
2090:Roman Canon
1849:Asperges me
1724:Votive Mass
1718:sine populo
1702:Solemn Mass
1488:10 November
1171: [
908:Holy Leaven
868:consecrated
805:wheat flour
699:during the
632:Agape feast
561:Memorialism
533:Metousiosis
316:Holy Qurobo
156:Sacred host
4282:Categories
3972:holy water
3894:tabernacle
3874:altar rail
3864:altar bell
3507:on Easter)
3203:Lord's Day
3192:Pro multis
2938:Intinction
2923:Head cover
2851:discipline
2830:Eastertide
2704:Pontifical
2638:Lectionary
2520:Holy water
2450:Altar bell
2441:Liturgical
2432:Tabernacle
2407:Misericord
2001:Liturgy of
1874:Liturgy of
1858:Eastertide
1854:Vidi aquam
1821:Vernacular
1789:White Mass
1712:Papal Mass
1581:Roman Rite
1370:(Review).
1325:(review).
1303:2015-01-03
1092:Protestant
1008:Roman Rite
1000:unleavened
952:is added.
950:Holy Malka
925:(like the
849:Confession
809:holy water
800:prósphoron
763:, and the
527:Impanation
474:Intinction
406:Discipline
391:open table
80:newspapers
4257:Prosphora
4237:Croissant
4017:Vestments
3765:Dismissal
3731:Agnus Dei
3725:elevation
3695:Epiclesis
3658:Eucharist
3642:Offertory
3495:Confiteor
3315:Fermentum
3302:Holy Hour
3152:Canon law
3018:Epiousion
2886:Canon 915
2881:Canon 844
2860:Abstemius
2818:Holy Week
2771:(current)
2742:Calendars
2660:Vestments
2607:Customary
2537:Manuterge
2510:Flabellum
2310:Subdeacon
2199:Post-Mass
2174:Dismissal
2164:Ablutions
2135:Agnus Dei
2074:anamnesis
2069:elevation
2060:epiclesis
2010:Offertory
1903:Confiteor
1772:Rose Mass
1757:Gold Mass
1742:Blue Mass
1622:Zaire Use
1222:EBSCOhost
1187:Prosphora
1100:Anglicans
1096:Lutherans
1043:Eucharist
998:Catholic
985:Christian
931:prosphora
891:antídōron
885:αντίδωρον
878:antidoron
845:Christian
794:πρόσφορον
787:prosphorá
747:Prosphora
718:The word
576:Ordinance
571:Sacrament
401:Adoration
367:Anamnesis
357:Epiclesis
259:Communion
244:Eucharist
221:epiclesis
187:Eucharist
4055:surplice
4035:dalmatic
4030:chasuble
4007:thurible
3941:ciborium
3808:crucifer
3589:Alleluia
3504:Asperges
3182:Ordinary
3128:Accentus
3087:and its
3047:Koinonia
2995:theology
2982:Viaticum
2714:Surplice
2684:Dalmatic
2679:Chasuble
2579:Thurible
2480:Crotalus
2475:Ciborium
2387:Corporal
2268:Crucifer
2253:Boat boy
2147:Fraction
2118:doxology
2114:embolism
2055:oblation
1959:sequence
1950:Alleluia
1888:Psalm 43
1876:the Word
1837:Pre-Mass
1802:Language
1767:Red Mass
1690:Low Mass
1461:16 April
1416:(2002).
1396:20270743
1388:26392070
1353:25922672
1297:Archived
1257:18 March
1251:Archived
1160:See also
1104:Reformed
1039:fraction
1016:Passover
983:in many
823:and the
777:leavened
703:for the
614:Reformed
609:Lutheran
599:Catholic
594:Anglican
510:Theology
469:Fraction
445:Vessels
437:Viaticum
352:Anaphora
280:Elements
236:a series
234:Part of
201:Catholic
195:leavened
4267:Pretzel
4242:Opłatek
4074:hymnals
4060:tunicle
3977:incense
3946:chalice
3903:Candles
3884:piscina
3879:kneeler
3788:Acolyte
3682:Hosanna
3677:Sanctus
3666:Preface
3596:during
3583:Epistle
3573:gradual
3569:reading
3562:Collect
3523:Introit
3214:Related
3186:Propers
2779:Periods
2719:Tunicle
2699:Pallium
2525:Incense
2505:Fistula
2470:Chalice
2443:objects
2417:Piscina
2397:Kneeler
2231:Acolyte
2095:history
2039:Hosanna
2035:Sanctus
2026:Preface
1945:Epistle
1940:Gradual
1924:Collect
1583:of the
1579:of the
1344:4406897
1151:priests
1006:In the
910:in the
486:History
454:Chalice
336:Requiem
183:
94:scholar
4182:(1958)
4174:(2006)
4166:(1982)
4158:(2006)
4150:(1989)
4142:(1941)
4134:(1978)
4126:(2006)
4118:(1996)
4110:(1912)
4102:(1917)
4094:(2021)
4086:(1993)
3837:Priest
3833:Pastor
3828:lector
3813:deacon
3798:cantor
3793:bishop
3622:Sermon
3618:Postil
3614:Homily
3604:Gospel
3556:Oremus
3543:Gloria
3198:Sunday
2786:Advent
2650:Tonary
2465:Censer
2402:Lavabo
2305:Priest
2300:Porter
2295:Lector
2273:Deacon
2258:Cantor
2248:Bishop
2241:female
1971:Homily
1966:Gospel
1929:Oremus
1914:Gloria
1637:Orders
1514:
1482:Friend
1428:
1394:
1386:
1351:
1341:
1128:, use
1108:broken
1059:gluten
944:. The
833:Christ
759:, the
751:Azymes
729:hostia
697:diskos
387:Closed
341:Solemn
238:on the
176:hostia
162:, the
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4232:Artos
4050:stole
3996:wafer
3987:paten
3951:cruet
3859:altar
3843:usher
3823:laity
3818:elder
3803:choir
3594:tract
3537:Kýrie
3373:Music
3024:Grace
2724:Vimpa
2709:Stole
2674:Amice
2562:wafer
2542:Paten
2495:Cruet
2455:Ashes
2325:Altar
2315:Usher
2283:Laity
2263:Choir
1976:Credo
1955:Tract
1907:Kyrie
1683:Types
1535:Hosts
1392:S2CID
1193:Notes
1175:]
1130:matzo
853:altar
791:or a
724:Latin
459:Spoon
449:Paten
287:Bread
172:Latin
138:paten
101:JSTOR
87:books
4072:and
3835:(or
3598:Lent
3575:(or
3501:(or
3497:and
3289:and
3184:and
3138:and
3005:and
3003:Body
2956:must
2954:(or
2952:wine
2950:and
2808:Lent
2636:and
2573:must
2571:(or
2427:Rood
2412:Pall
2343:Ambo
1577:Mass
1512:ISBN
1490:2011
1463:2017
1426:ISBN
1384:PMID
1349:PMID
1259:2018
1113:The
1098:and
1033:The
1027:nuns
936:The
918:The
864:Lamb
775:use
771:and
749:and
720:host
713:host
693:Lamb
691:The
389:and
331:Mass
292:Wine
211:the
181:lit.
168:host
164:Lamb
73:news
4025:alb
3981:use
3720:pax
3634:on
3616:or
3468:in
2669:Alb
2552:Pyx
2530:use
2125:Pax
1983:or
1938:or
1856:in
1376:doi
1339:PMC
1331:doi
1121:.
158:,
56:by
4284::
3717:/
3702:/
3698:/
3680:/
3674:/
3300:/
2181:/
2116:/
2071:/
2067:/
2063:/
2057:/
2037:/
2033:/
2017:/
1957:/
1905:/
1480:.
1449:.
1398:.
1390:.
1382:.
1372:12
1347:.
1337:.
1321:.
1295:.
1289:.
1278:^
1218:93
1216:.
1210:.
1173:es
1153:.
1132:.
1082:A
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3839:)
3727:)
3723:(
3706:)
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