House of Lancaster

1930: 1050: 3732: 3634: 3576: 3548: 42: 4737: 3968: 3929: 3398: 4354: 1778: 4925: 4045: 3607: 1842: 3445: 3301: 4298: 1506:, the plays were constrained by the political and religious requirements of Tudor England. While they are factually inaccurate, they demonstrate how the past and the House of Lancaster are remembered in terms of myth, legend, ideas and popular misconceptions. Shakespeare avoided contentious political and religious issues to dubiously illustrate Tudor England as having rejected medieval conflict and entered an era of harmony and prosperity. The famous patriotic "sceptr'd isle" speech is voiced by John of Gaunt, a man who spent the majority of his life in Aquitaine, and is a piece of poetic licence that illustrates English prejudices. 5223: 4773: 4326: 1700: 3688: 51: 4742: 4040: 4012: 3973: 3924: 1536:. However John of Gaunt and Katherine subsequently married and their children were legitimated by the Pope and by Parliament during the reign of Richard II. Henry IV had tried to debar them from the succession by use of his royal prerogative to avoid competition with the House of Lancaster's claims to the throne but this was of limited effect. By some calculations of primogeniture, there were as many as 18 people—including both his mother and future wife—with what some might claim a better right to the throne. By 1510, this figure had increased with the birth of an additional 16 possible Yorkist claimants. 1999: 5076: 5027: 4969: 4616: 4268: 3808: 3693: 5259: 2424: 2252: 1568: 3770: 5032: 4506: 4408: 4105: 4100: 3452: 3405: 3314: 3308: 582: 5235: 78: 5211: 5247: 916:, which included a definition of treason of "or ... raiseth People and rideth against the King to make War within his Realm ...". Although he claimed his aim was restoration of his Lancaster inheritance, this Act and Henry's knowledge of Richard's character—suspicious and vindictive—probably meant Henry knew that only by removing Richard from power could he be secure. Henry unified popular opposition to Richard II, took control of the kingdom and Richard—recognising that he had insufficient support to resist—surrendered to Henry's forces at 4920: 4834: 5199: 8606: 8550: 5271: 1224: 4171: 920:. Henry instigated a commission to decide who should be king. Richard was forced to abdicate and although Henry was not next in line, he was chosen by an unlawfully constituted parliament dominated by his supporters. After the first unrest of his reign and a revolt by the Earls of Salisbury, Gloucester, Exeter and Surrey, Richard reputedly starved to death. There is some debate as to whether this was self-inflicted or ordered by Henry to end the risk of restoration without leaving incriminating marks on the body. 8811: 8580: 8570: 8560: 4436: 4860: 5081: 4537: 4209: 1269:, as heir presumptive, and recruited military forces. Armed conflict was avoided because York lacked aristocratic support and was forced to swear allegiance to Henry. However, when Henry later underwent a mental breakdown, York was named regent. Henry was trusting and not a man of war, but Margaret was more assertive and showed open enmity towards York—particularly after the birth of a male heir that resolved the succession question and assured her position. 9129: 2361: 88: 2109: 8617: 8590: 933:, dissuaded Henry from claiming the throne by right of conquest and instead look for legal justification. Although Henry established a committee to investigate his assertion that his mother had legitimate rights through descent from Edmund Crouchback, who he said was the elder son of Henry III of England but was set aside because of deformity, no evidence was found. The eight-year-old 1581:, gave a pension to the anchoress Margaret Pensax and maintained close relations with several Westminster recluses. His household accounts as king record conventional payments to large numbers of paupers (12,000 on Easter day 1406) and the intercession for him of twenty-four oratores domini regis at 2d each per day. However, his reliance on the church was both personal and political. 1596:

According to the author of the Gesta Henrici quinti, Henry V aimed "to promote the honour of God, the extension of the Church, the deliverance of his country and the peace and tranquillity of kingdoms". He was deeply religious, engaged with ecclesiastical issues and saw that his role as king was to

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was a successful and ruthless monarch. He was quick to re-assert the claim to the French throne he inherited from Edward III, continuing what was later called the Hundred Years' War. The war was not a formal, continuous conflict but a series of English raids and military expeditions from 1337 until

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in 1328, Henry led the opposition and held a counter-meeting. In response, Mortimer ravaged the lands of Lancaster and checked the revolt. Edward III was able to assume control in 1330 but Henry's further influence was restricted by poor health and blindness for the last fifteen years of his life.

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desired a negotiated peace. Gloucester's attacks on Beaufort forced the latter from public life but brought him little advantage as the Earl of Suffolk's influence over the king enabled him to direct policy for the rest of the decade. Gloucester remained heir presumptive but in 1441 his ambitious

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raised a rebellion to force Henry to address the economic problems or abdicate his throne. The uprising was suppressed but conflict remained between villagers, gentry and aristocracy. Society remained deeply unsettled and radical demands continued to be suppressed such as those from the yeoman

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There is much debate among historians about Henry's accession, in part because some see it as a cause of the Wars of the Roses. For many historians, the accession by force of the throne broke principles the Plantagenets had established successfully over two and a half centuries and allowed any

908:. On Henry's death, Edward conferred on Gaunt the second creation of the title of Duke of Lancaster, which made Gaunt, after Edward, the wealthiest landowner in England. Gaunt enjoyed great political influence during his lifetime, but upon his death in 1399 his lands were confiscated by 1260:

and an extended truce with France. York was Henry's cousin through his descent from Edward III sons Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, and Edmund, Duke of York. This gave York political influence but he was removed from English and French politics through his appointment as

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1453. There were six major royal expeditions; Henry himself led the fifth and sixth, but these were unlike the smaller, frequent, provincial campaigns. In Henry's first major campaign—and the fifth major royal campaign of the war—he invaded France, captured

1172:, consulted astrologers on the likelihood of the king's death and was arrested for treasonable necromancy—although Gloucester was not implicated he was discredited forced into retirement. In 1447 Suffolk had him arrested and within days he died in prison. 1637:

found it hard "to think of another moment of comparable importance in medieval English political history when the supply of information was so effectively manipulated as it was by Henry IV on this occasion". The Lancastrians patronised poets for

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According to historian Robin Storey, "If Henry's insanity was a tragedy; his recovery was a national disaster". When Henry's sanity returned, the court party reasserted its authority but York and his relatives, the Nevilles, defeated them at the

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on the official Lancastrian accounts of the usurpation:"The Record and Process of the Deposition of Richard II" from 1399. Gower also produced a number of further favourable works including "In praise of peace" which was dedicated to Henry IV.

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than academic subjects and did not learn to read until later in life. Henry was coeval with Edward III and was pivotal to his reign, becoming his best friend and most trusted commander. Henry was knighted in 1330, represented his father in

965:. As a child, Mortimer was not considered a serious contender and, as an adult, he showed no interest in the throne. He instead loyally served the House of Lancaster. Mortimer informed Henry V when Conisburgh, in what was later called the 532:, Thomas's conviction was posthumously reversed and Henry regained possession of the Earldoms of Lancaster, Derby, Salisbury and Lincoln that had been forfeit for Thomas's treason. His restored prestige led to him knighting the young King 833:

and achieved a victory described as "the greatest single achievement of Lancaster's entire military career". The ransom from the prisoners has been estimated at £50,000. Edward rewarded Henry by including him as a founding knight of the

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Briefly joined the Lancastrians. Briefly joined the Yorkists. Defected from the Yorkist to the Lancastrian cause. Initially a Yorkist who later supported the Tudor claim. Initially a Lancastrian who later supported the Tudor claim.

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and the governance of the realm by a baronial council. After Gaveston was captured, Thomas took the lead in his trial and execution at Warwick in 1312. Edward's authority was weakened by poor governance and defeat by the Scots at the

311:. There was an intermittent dynastic struggle between the descendants of Edward III. In these wars, the term Lancastrian became a reference to members of the family and their supporters. The family provided England with three kings: 6833:

Adrian Ailes, "Heraldry in Medieval England: Symbols of Politics and Propaganda,” in Heraldry, Pageantry, and Social Display in Medieval England, ed. Peter Cross and Maurice Keen (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell, 2002), 83–104

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The Lancastrian regime was founded and legitimised by formal lying that was both public and official. This has been described as "a series of unconstitutional actions" based "upon three major acts of perjury". The historian

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Quarterly, France moderne and England, a bordure Azure charged alternatively with fleurs de lys and martlets Or, impaling, Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and

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and preferment of her formerly Lancastrian-supporting family, Warwick and Clarence defected to the Lancastrians. The alliance was sealed with the marriage of Henry's son Edward to Anne, Warwick's daughter. Edward and

5149:. There are, however, doubts as to whether the red rose was actually an emblem taken up by the Lancastrians during the Wars of the Roses. Adrian Ailes has noted that the red rose "probably owes its popular usage to 1158:

The Hundred Years' War caused political division between the Lancastrians and the other Plantagenets during the minority of Henry VI: Bedford wanted to maintain the majority of the Lancastrians' French possessions;

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magnate with sufficient power and Plantagenet blood to have ambitions to assume the throne. Richard had attempted to disinherit Henry and remove him from the succession. In response, Henry's legal advisors, led by

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would later use his descent from Edmund to legitimise his claim to the throne, even making the spurious claim that Edmund was the elder son of Henry but had been passed over as king because of his deformity.

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure, impaling, Gules, on a fess Or a mullet Sable, between six martlets, three, two and one, of the second

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Henry VI proved to be a weak king and vulnerable to the over-mighty subjects who developed private armies of retainers. Rivalries often spilled over from the courtroom into armed confrontations, such as the

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he became at a stroke the most powerful nobleman in England, with lands throughout the kingdom and the ability to raise vast private armies to wield power at national and local levels. This brought him—and

5137:. Other members of his family used variants of the royal badge, with the king's brother, the Earl of Lancaster, using a red rose. It is believed that the Red Rose of Lancaster was the House of Lancaster's 1897: 5164:. This floral union neatly symbolised the restoration of peace and harmony and his marriage in January 1486 to Elizabeth of York. It was a brilliant piece of simple heraldic propaganda." The 1747: 1289:, creating feuds that would confound reconciliation attempts despite the shock to the ruling class caused by the armed conflict. Threatened with treason charges and lacking support, York, 826: 1004:, in another rebellion, after which the elder Percy fled to Scotland and his estates were confiscated. Henry had Scrope executed in an act comparable to the murder of another Archbishop— 4343:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of five points, the two on the dexter side ermine and each of the other three charged with three fleurs de lys

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honour God, extend the church, fight heresy and defend the established social order. All his victories, especially Agincourt, were attributed to divine intervention. Henry V founded

4156:. From about 1400 the kings of England imitated this change. As modified, the monarchs of England continued to bear arms in this form until the crown union with Scotland in 1603. 1420:

Historians have been dismayed by Shakespeare's influence on the perception of the later medieval period exceeding that of academic research. While the chronology of Shakespeare's

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had been some of Henry's leading supporters, defending the North from Scotland largely at their own expense, but revolted in the face of lack of reward and suspicion from Henry.

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure, impaling, Gules, three lions passant guardant Or, within a bordure Argent

295:. Edward III married all his sons to wealthy English heiresses rather than following his predecessors' practice of finding continental political marriages for royal princes. 7879: 4225:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien and a baston gobony Argent and Gules (Evreux), 2nd and 3rd, Gules, a cross, a saltire and an orle of chain linked together Or (Navarre)

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from John of Gaunt and Blanche's daughter Phillipa continued in the royal houses of Spain and Portugal. The remnants of the Lancastrian court party coalesced support around

423: 1207:, used their networks to defy the crown. Henry became the focus of discontent as the population, agricultural production, prices, the wool trade and credit declined in the 1777: 760: 3721: 4001: 1929: 1228: 1183:. The French reorganised the superior numbers of their feudal levies into a modern professional army and retook Paris, Rouen, Bordeaux and Normandy. Victories at the 5322: 1265:. On returning to England, York was conscious of the fate of Henry's uncle Humphrey at the hands of the Beauforts and suspicious that Henry intended to nominate 1126:

before Joan was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried as a witch and burnt at the stake. The Dauphin was crowned and continued the successful

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Per pale, Argent and Azure, over all on a bend Gules three lions passant guardant Or with a label of three points Azure each charges with three fleur de lys Or

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Per pale, Argent and Azure, over all on a bend Gules three lions passant guardant Or with a label of three points Azure each charges with three fleur de lys Or

1324:, and with a Scottish army she pillaged into southern England. The citizens of London feared the city being plundered and enthusiastically welcomed York's son 969:, attempted to place him on the throne instead of Henry's newly crowned son—their mutual cousin—leading to the execution of Conisburgh and the other plotters. 1577:

The Lancastrians were both pious and well read. Henry IV was the first English king known to have possessed a vernacular Bible, supported the canonization of

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despite being outnumbered, outmanoeuvred and low on supplies. In his second campaign, he recaptured much of Normandy and in a treaty secured a marriage to

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Armorial général, contenant la description des armoiries des familles nobles et patriciennes de l'Europe: précédé d'un dictionnaire des termes du blason

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gave the Lancastrians vital support and carried other bishops with him. In return the church required support for religious orthodoxy against heresy.

370:'s partly fictionalized history plays rather than medievalist scholarly research that has the greater influence on modern perceptions of the dynasty. 8834: 7872: 4930: 3956:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of five points two of ermine (Richmond) and three Azure flory Or (Lancaster)

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Earl by right of his wife, the title Duke of Lancaster was vacant because there were no male heirs. Created Duke by his father Edward III of England

1788: 1357:, was executed two days later, the Beaufort family became extinct in the legitimate male line. The captive Henry was murdered on 21 May 1471 in the 6943: 1532:. They had been amongst the most ardent supporters of the House of Lancaster and were descended illegitimately from John of Gaunt by his mistress 6386:

Blanche was traditionally believed to have died in 1369, but Palmer's evidence that she died the year before is now widely accepted by scholars.

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even though Henry could not afford to overly antagonize his supporters with Lollard sympathies, including those among his Lancastrian retainers.

753: 1432:, they are dominated by eight plays in which members of the House of Lancaster play a significant part, voicing speeches on a par with those in 1012:, with competing popes keen on Henry's support; it protested but took no action. In 1408, Percy invaded England once more and was killed at the 513:

in March 1322. He was sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered but because he was Edward's cousin he was given a quicker death by beheading.

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e of fleur de lys Or, a label of three points Gules (Naples), 3rd, Argent, a cross potent between four crosses Or (Jerusalem), 4th, Azure, sem

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Henry IV was plagued with financial problems, the political need to reward his supporters, frequent rebellions and declining health—including

5145:. Evidence for this "wearing of the rose" includes land tenure records requiring service of a red rose yearly for a manor held directly from 4361: 1191:

in 1453 brought the war to an end with the House of Lancaster losing forever all its French holdings, except Calais and the Channel Islands.

1160: 1118:, but it was impossible to maintain campaigning at this level given the relative economic and manpower resources of England against France. 7865: 954: 878: 8485: 1149: 889:

campaign of 1359–60—the first phase of the Hundred Years' War—before returning to England where he fell ill and died, most likely of the

9178: 3777: 2146: 746: 1293:, and Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, fled abroad. Henry was captured by the opposition when the Nevilles returned and won the 1179:

defected to Charles when the English ambassadors' refusal to renounce the claim to the French crown stalled negotiations, signing the

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provoked jealousy from the barons. When Mortimer called a parliament to make his new powers and estates permanent with the title of

3753: 3641: 2015: 1922: 1877: 912:. Gaunt's exiled son and heir Henry of Bolingbroke returned home and gathered military support in clear contravention of Richard's 774: 395: 296: 277: 248: 150: 9173: 8715: 8710: 4192: 1512:

is one-sided with little sympathy for the French. Many of these historical lines illustrate historical myth rather than realism.

1282: 993: 942: 8859: 8829: 8725: 8635: 8520: 7888: 5258: 4623: 4333: 3222: 2457: 2296: 2194: 1302: 1290: 1286: 1111: 798:, Henry took part in several diplomatic missions and minor campaigns and was present at the great English victory in the naval 734: 649: 331: 3266: 8750: 8700: 8695: 8640: 7720: 7291: 7270: 7006: 5302: 4778: 1889: 1354: 1266: 1204: 1044: 842:. The title of duke was relatively new in England, with only Cornwall being a previous ducal title. Lancaster was also given 679: 8889: 8884: 8839: 8655: 8650: 5344:. The last male of this family — Henry of Grosmont — was granted a dukedom, which was then re-created for the second house. 5153:

quickly responding to the pre-existing Yorkist white rose in an age when signs and symbols could speak louder than words."

3698: 3262: 2869: 2773: 1699: 1008:—by men loyal to Henry II. This would probably have led to Henry's excommunication, but the church was in the midst of the 509:. In 1321 Edward's rule again collapsed into civil war. Thomas raised a northern army but was defeated and captured at the 4315:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of three points ermine, each with a canton Gules

8944: 8849: 8765: 8755: 5298: 5234: 4839: 4747: 4196: 3978: 3049: 2947: 2175: 1622: 1571: 1547:, was Henry VI's maternal half-brother. In 1485, Henry Tudor united increasing opposition within England to the reign of 625: 537: 8775: 8680: 7414: 7395: 6906: 5340:

As descendants of the sovereign in the male line, the earls of Lancaster bore the arms of the kingdom differenced by a

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Walker, Simon (2004a). "John, duke of Aquitaine and duke of Lancaster, styled king of Castile and León (1340–1399)".

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Background information on the Act that enable the House of Lancaster to accumulate its vast holdings can be found at

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before they could escape back to France. Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, was executed on the battlefield and

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Gules, three lions passant guardant Or, with a label of three points Azure each charged with three fleurs de lys Or

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Gules, three lions passant guardant Or, with a label of three points Azure each charged with three fleurs de lys Or

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Gules, three lions passant guardant Or, with a label of three points Azure each charged with three fleurs de lys Or

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were that Henry's and Catherine's heirs would succeed to the throne of France. This condition was contested by the

945:, and also the son of Richard's last nominated heir. In desperation, Henry's advisors made the case that Henry was 806:

for Edward's considerable debts. He remained hostage for a year and had to pay a large ransom for his own release.

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stating that Henry would remain as monarch for his lifetime and that York would succeed him. The disinheriting of

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Waugh, Scott L. (2004). "Henry of Lancaster, third Earl of Lancaster and third Earl of Leicester (c.1280–1345)".

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Quarterly, 1st, quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, 2nd and 3rd de Burgh, 4th Mortimer

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Quarterly, France moderne and England, a bordure Azure charged alternatively with fleurs de lys and martlets Or

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Quarterly, France moderne and England, a bordure Azure charged alternatively with fleurs de lys and martlets Or

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Griffiths, G. L. (2008). "Mortimer, Edmund (V), fifth earl of March and seventh earl of Ulster (1391–1425)".

4582: 3731: 3633: 3583: 3575: 3547: 2664: 1770: 1739: 850:, which entailed a separate administration independent of the crown. There were two other counties palatine; 501:. Following this achievement Thomas took little part in the governance of the realm and instead retreated to 450: 346:—continued in the royal houses of Spain and Portugal while the Lancastrian political cause was maintained by 260: 41: 8019: 3928: 528:

in South Wales. Following Edward's deposition at the Parliament of Kenilworth in 1326 and reputed murder at

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in 1415, as penance for his father's execution of Archbishop Scrope, and three monasteries in London: for

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of five points ermine (Richmond)

1962: 1278: 276:, leading to Thomas's execution. Henry inherited Thomas's titles and he and his son, who was also called 4736: 4353: 3967: 3397: 1613:

orders. The equally devout Henry VI continued the architectural patronage begun by his father, founding

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Defeats King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485, claims the throne as King Henry VII.

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Azure and Ermine

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure componée Argent and Azure

299:, had no male heir so Edward married his son John to Henry's heiress daughter and John's third cousin 9034: 8939: 8919: 8720: 8011: 3606: 1841: 1274: 95: 4766:

Illegitimate Son (legitimated in 1396) of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.

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Illegitimate Son (legitimated in 1396) of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.

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Illegitimate Son (legitimated in 1396) of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.

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Illegitimate Son (legitimated in 1396) of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford.

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Quarterly, Castile and Leon, impaling, quarterly, France and England, a label of three points ermine

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and Warwick and his brother were killed. Henry, Margaret and Edward of Lancaster were caught at the

9095: 9039: 9009: 8537: 8396: 7979: 7914: 7896: 1217: 1093: 866: 669: 484:, and Henry carried the royal sceptre. After initially supporting Edward, Thomas became one of the 8318: 8298: 3444: 3300: 8989: 8879: 8104: 5124: 4772: 4325: 4137: 1998: 1647: 1590: 1539:

With the House of Lancaster extinct, Henry claimed to be the Lancastrian heir through his mother

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Lloyd, Simon (2004). "Edmund, first earl of Lancaster and first earl of Leicester (1245–1296)".

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of three points Argent

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Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of three points Argent

2401: 505:. This allowed Edward to regroup and re-arm, leading to a fragile peace in August 1318 with the 9090: 9029: 9014: 8934: 8785: 8575: 8409: 3708:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of three points ermine

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The King, the Crown, and the Duchy of Lancaster: Public Authority and Private Power, 1399–1461

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with the Lancastrian cause to take the throne. To further legitimise his claim, Henry married

1297:. York joined them, surprising parliament by claiming the throne and then forcing through the 9049: 8974: 8929: 8605: 8549: 8505: 8205: 5353:

Arms of John of Gaunt, founder of the second house. The arms of the kingdom differenced by a

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Henry's claim was extremely tenuous. He claimed the throne through his mother's descent from

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to Blanche of Lancaster around 1368. In 1400, poets in the pay of Henry IV were directed to

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suggests that around 50 men were killed; among them were Somerset and two Percy lords,

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Guy Cardogan Rothery, Concise Encyclopedia of Heraldry, Brackten Books, 1915, page 183

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were suppressed and heresy was made a capital offence in England under the statute of

1332:

confirmed Edward's position and he was crowned. Disaffected with Edward's marriage to

1097: 8999: 8984: 8954: 8625: 8494: 8354: 8328: 7964: 7716: 7697: 7597: 7575: 7529: 7510: 7491: 7472: 7446: 7410: 7391: 7369: 7350: 7287: 7266: 7247: 7120: 7101: 7078: 7059: 7040: 7021: 7002: 6983: 6937: 6924: 6902: 6883: 6477: 6448: 5142: 5086: 4544: 4523:

France moderne, impaling, quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England

3934: 3597: 3555: 3415:(1387 † 1422), King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Aquitaine; son of Henry IV. 3330: 3252: 2591: 2445: 2340: 2170: 1905: 1893: 1866: 1862: 1801: 1797: 1731: 1692: 1552: 1445: 1429: 1409: 1249: 1241: 1164: 1139: 958: 949:

to Henry III and this was supported by thirteenth-century entails. Mortimer's sister

882: 870: 839: 631: 502: 458: 442: 434: 403: 399: 387: 351: 308: 244: 240: 196: 126: 8339: 8303: 8190: 7347:

Trade and Economic Developments 1450–1550: The Experience of Kent, Surrey and Sussex

5031: 4505: 4407: 4371:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure Argent

4104: 4099: 3451: 3437:

He utilized the lion of England and the antilope badge of his father as supporters.

3404: 3313: 3307: 2108: 581: 77: 9019: 8994: 8979: 8894: 8424: 8414: 8127: 8122: 8079: 8064: 8059: 7924: 7672: 7645: 7618: 7550: 7308: 7222: 7195: 7168: 7141: 6958: 6875: 6855: 3791: 3463: 2449: 2386: 2201: 1973: 1643: 1521: 1487: 1480: 1473: 1459: 1452: 1425: 1342: 1329: 1321: 1257: 1223: 1085: 966: 950: 930: 913: 894: 204: 8225: 7684: 7657: 7630: 7562: 7320: 7234: 7207: 7180: 7153: 6970: 6867: 6815:

Henry Bedingfeld and Peter Gwynn-Jones, Heraldry, Chartwell Books, 1993, page 130.

4578: 3627:

Son of: Edmund Crouchback, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster and Blanche of Artois.

1621:

and leaving a lasting educational and architectural legacy in buildings including

1317:, and Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury—both of whom were captured and beheaded. 1017: 785:

between 1299 and 1314. According to the younger Henry's memoirs, he was better at

8760: 8452: 8404: 8094: 8089: 8074: 8001: 7959: 7949: 7790: 7765: 5307: 5156:

It also allowed Henry to invent and exploit his most famous heraldic device, the

4553:

Quarterly of six, 1st, barry of eight Argent and Gules (Hungary), 2nd, Azure, sem

3509: 3481: 3430: 3383: 3356: 2464: 2368: 1940: 1853: 1722: 1529: 1358: 1123: 843: 799: 558: 529: 506: 485: 454: 327: 264: 24: 8283: 8258: 8170: 4919: 4833: 4170: 9105: 9100: 9075: 8924: 8611: 8447: 8369: 8359: 8288: 8235: 8137: 8069: 8039: 7996: 7969: 7676: 7649: 7622: 7554: 7226: 7199: 7172: 7145: 6962: 6859: 5138: 5065: 4474: 4019: 3493: 2431: 2278: 2205: 2182: 2055: 1977: 1912: 1634: 1582: 1556: 1508: 1466: 1362: 1310: 1305:

was unacceptable to Margaret so the conflict continued. York was killed at the

1169: 1127: 1021: 1009: 981: 890: 639: 489: 481: 355: 8273: 8253: 8248: 7465: 7312: 4435: 9147: 9065: 8805: 8442: 8333: 8293: 8220: 8185: 8054: 7989: 7944: 7842: 7832: 5288: 4859: 4178: 3655: 3326: 2377: 2274: 2264: 2099: 2059: 2020: 1944: 1923:

Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 4th Earl of Lancaster and Leicester

1871: 1857: 1792: 1503: 1298: 1143: 1005: 962: 901: 874: 851: 803: 782: 594: 545: 541: 426: 335: 288: 131: 8308: 8195: 7737: 7075:

The King's Lieutenant: Henry of Grosmont, First Duke of Lancaster, 1310–1361

5080: 4536: 4529:

Throne usurped by Edward, Earl of March, who became King Edward IV in 1461.

1069: 961:, consolidating Anne's place in the succession with that of the more junior 465:. His income was £11,000 per annum—double that of the next wealthiest earl. 8819: 8780: 8210: 8200: 7589: 7383: 4187:

Azure, a bend Argent between two cotise and six lions rampant Or (de Bohun)

2010: 1614: 938: 917: 838:. An even greater honour was bestowed on Lancaster when Edward created him 441:, placed him at the centre of the European aristocracy. Blanche's daughter 407: 359: 224: 8160: 6901:(Volume 7 of Publications of the John Gower Society ed.). DS Brewer. 4208: 2347:

but had been set aside because of deformity. This was not widely accepted

809:

In 1345, Edward III launched a major, three-pronged attack on France. The

326:

The house became extinct in the male line upon the death or murder in the

8434: 8344: 7749: 7594:

Crown and Nobility 1272–1461: Political Conflict in Late Medieval England

3506:; aux 2 et 3, de gueules à trois léopards d'or armés et lampassés d'azur 3478:; aux 2 et 3, de gueules à trois léopards d'or armés et lampassés d'azur 3427:; aux 2 et 3, de gueules à trois léopards d'or armés et lampassés d'azur 3380:; aux 2 et 3, de gueules à trois léopards d'or armés et lampassés d'azur 2328: 2063: 1981: 1606: 1578: 1122:'s involvement helped the French remove the siege of Orleans and win the 1119: 540:

that formalised Scotland's independence, and his developing power in the

367: 8215: 5004: 4897: 4811: 4714: 4593: 4483: 4385: 4245: 4077: 3901: 3665: 3525: 3353:; aux 2 et 3 de gueules à trois léopards d'or armés et lampassés d'azur 8790: 8616: 8589: 8515: 8084: 7460: 5293:

Further information on the Lancastrian descent in Portugal and Spain –

5165: 5157: 4989: 4470: 1815: 1655: 1651: 1610: 1602: 1598: 847: 825:

in the south. Moving rapidly through the country, Henry confronted the

281: 4573:

e Or (Bar), 6th, Or, on a bend Gules three allerions Argent (Lorraine)

3897: 1992:

Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster, 5th Countess of Lancaster and Leicester

1935: 1783: 1130:

of avoiding full frontal assault and exploiting logistical advantage.

941:

to Richard II by being the great-grandson of Edward III's second son,

453:

became the most powerful nobleman in England, gaining the Earldoms of

303:. This gave John the vast wealth of the House of Lancaster. Their son 8555: 8278: 8180: 7909: 7117:

The Wars of the Roses: Military Activity and English Society, 1452–97

4949:

Daughter of: John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp.

4710: 2360: 1819: 1639: 1437: 1212: 1101: 946: 822: 497:. This allowed Thomas to restrain Edward's power by republishing the 391: 273: 252: 8463: 8165: 7328:

Loschiavo, L. A. (1978). "The birth of 'Blanche the Duchesse': 1340

7215:

Harriss, R. A. (2004b). "Humphrey, duke of Gloucester (1390–1447)".

5342:

label azure of three points each charged with three fleurs de lys Or

3390:

He utilized as his supporters the lion of England and the antelope.

802:

in 1340. Later, he was required to commit himself as hostage in the

794:

and fought in Edward's Scottish campaign. After the outbreak of the

8565: 8049: 7929: 5181: 5169: 5058:

Son of: Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond and Lady Margaret Beaufort.

4134:

Son of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster.

3961:

Son of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster.

1586: 1341:, fled England. When they returned, Clarence switched sides at the 1065: 977: 818: 814: 339: 4998:

Half brother to King Henry VI, legitimated by Parliament in 1453.

1642:

purposes for years before Henry IV ascended the throne, including

1199:. Without the common purpose of the war in France, Henry's cousin 1133: 1020:'s widespread rebellion was only suppressed with the recapture of 8268: 8263: 7772: 5177: 5173: 4145: 3516:

He utilized the antelope badge of his grandfather as supporters.

1760: 1756: 1110:

was less than a year old but his uncles—led by Henry V's brother

973: 855: 87: 7445:. Heraldry Today. Slough, Buckinghamshire: Hollen Street Press. 7188:

Harriss, R. A. (2004a). "Thomas, duke of Clarence (1387–1421)".

6627: 4201:

Married to: Henry Bolingbroke (later King Henry IV); 1380–1394.

3498:; au II Écartelé, aux 1 et 4, d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or 1666: 307:

usurped the throne in 1399, creating one of the factions in the

8243: 8175: 6899:

John Gower, Poetry and Propaganda in Fourteenth-century England

6578: 6576: 6574: 6572: 6570: 6557: 6555: 6553: 3596:

Son of: Edmund Crouchback, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster and

2332: 1707: 1433: 1211:. This led to radical demands from the lower classes. In 1450, 1073: 886: 342:

descent—from John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster's daughter

7543:

Stratford, Jenny (2004). "John, duke of Bedford (1389–1435)".

6951:

Brown, Henry; Summerson, A. L (2010). "Henry IV (1367–1413)".

4853:

Son of: John Beaufort, Earl of Somerset and Margaret Holland.

1092:

and the momentum of the war changed. In 1421, Henry's brother

8155: 7934: 5185: 4805:

Married to: Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; 1411–1421

4561:

e of fleur de lys Or, a bordure Gules (Anjou), 5th Azure, sem

2116: 1114:—continued the war. There were more victories, including the 525: 7638:

Walker, Simon (2004b). "Blanche of Lancaster (1346?–1368)".

6567: 6550: 6445:

Line of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe

330:

of Henry VI, following the battlefield execution of his son

5189: 5053:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England

4951:

Married to: Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond; 1455–1456.

4425:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England

4129:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France moderne, 2nd and 3rd England

3466:, he was crowned king of France and changed his armouries. 1401:

This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England...

1353:, was killed in the fighting—meaning that when his brother 272:, his younger brother—into conflict with their cousin King 4879:

Daughter of: John Beauchamp of Bletso and Edith Stourton.

4120:

Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England

1229:

Plucking the Red and White Roses in the Old Temple Gardens

1024:

in 1409, although sporadic fighting continued until 1421.

422: 7096:

Kings and chroniclers: essays in English medieval history

6374:

Blanche's year of birth is a matter of scholarly debate.

3830:

Married to: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster; 1396–1399.

3800:

Married to: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster; 1371–1394.

3762:

Married to: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster; 1359–1369.

573: 445:

was queen regnant of Navarre and through her marriage to

7424:

Palmer, J. J. N. (1974). "The historical context of the

4884:

Married to: John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset; 1439–1444.

3470:Écartelé, aux 1 et 4, d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or 3419:Écartelé, aux 1 et 4, d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or 3372:Écartelé, aux 1 et 4, d'azur à trois fleurs de lys d'or 7887: 6878:(1992). "Making History". In Holderness, Graham (ed.). 5160:, combining the so-called Lancastrian red rose and the 4881:

Married to: Sir Oliver St John, of Bletsoe; 1425–1437.

4802:

Married to: John Beaufort, Earl of Somerset; 1399–1410

3363:

In 1406, he simplified the French arms in imitation of

2073: 382:

suppressed opposition from the English nobility in the

6392: 3623:

Gules, three lions passant guardant Or, a baston Azure

1693:

Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster and Leicester

1559:

as a dynasty of dual Lancastrian and Yorkist descent.

536:

before his coronation. Mortimer lost support over the

402:, on 26 October 1265. Later grants included the first 127:

Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster and Leicester

6065: 5099:

Daughter of: King Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville.

4073: 1038: 263:, inherited his father-in-law's estates and title of 7488:

A History of Britain – At the edge of the world

5953: 5890: 5357:. His royal descendants bore the arms undifferenced. 4381: 4140:

altered the royal coat of arms, replacing the field

4022:, Cardinal of St. Eusebius and Bishop of Winchester 1076:

and won a near-total victory over the French at the

552: 247:

in 1265 and was granted the lands and privileges of

6356: 3898:

Descendants of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster

1562: 861:In 1350, Henry was present at the naval victory at 373: 239:—from which the house was named—for his second son 7464: 7093: 6880:Shakespeare's history plays: Richard II to Henry V 6447:. London: Little, Brown & Co. pp. 29–30. 4711:Descendants of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset 1320:Margaret gained the support of the Scottish queen 7694:Lancaster & York – The Wars of the Roses 7507:War, Politics and Culture in 14th Century England 7134:Griffiths, G. L. (2004). "Henry VI (1421–1471)". 5548: 5546: 3257:List of coats of arms of the House of Plantagenet 3247:List of coats of arms of the House of Plantagenet 480:on 25 February 1308; Thomas carried Curtana, the 287:The second house of Lancaster was descended from 9145: 7572:Religion and Devotion in Europe, c. 1215–c. 1515 7441:Pinches, John Harvey; Pinches, Rosemary (1974). 5740: 5728: 5464: 5462: 3786:Quarterly, Castile and Leon (Kingdom of Castile) 1381:"This royal throne of kings, this sceptr’d isle, 354:—eventually leading to the establishment of the 7740:on the official website of the British monarchy 6763: 6761: 6759: 6053: 5844: 5842: 5829: 5827: 5389: 5387: 2215: 1134:Henry VI and the fall of the House of Lancaster 350:—a relatively unknown scion of the Lancastrian 7440: 7407:Medieval Intrigue: Decoding Royal Conspiracies 6950: 6848:Allmand, C. T. (2010). "Henry V (1386–1422)". 6803: 6791: 6779: 6767: 6750: 6746: 6744: 6735: 6723: 6711: 6699: 6695: 6693: 6684: 6680: 6678: 6669: 6657: 6645: 6621: 6606: 6594: 6582: 6561: 6544: 6527: 6512: 6497: 5812: 5687: 5543: 5521: 5519: 5517: 4527:Son of: King Henry V and Catherine of Valois. 3345:Écartelé, aux 1 et 4, d'azur semé de lys d'or 1886:Blanche of Lancaster, Baroness Wake of Liddell 1373: 904:, his third surviving son, to Henry's heiress 291:, who married the heiress of the first house, 8479: 7873: 6923:(Revised ed.), London: Frederick Warne, 6915: 6633: 6617: 6615: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6523: 6521: 6508: 6506: 6493: 6491: 6442: 5486: 5459: 4637:Son of: King Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou. 4452:Azure, three fleur de lys Or (France moderne) 2309:Philippa, Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden 2301:Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester 1667:Earls and Dukes of Lancaster (first creation) 1161:Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester 854:was an ancient ecclesiastical palatinate and 754: 7671:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7644:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7617:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7549:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7307:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7263:The Plantagenets: The Kings Who Made England 7221:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7194:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7167:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7140:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 6957:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 6942:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6854:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 6756: 5839: 5824: 5752: 5683: 5681: 5447: 5435: 5423: 5384: 5323:Alternative successions to the English Crown 3717:Son of: King Edward III and Queen Philippa. 3490:Per pale, I d'azur three fleurs de lys d'or 955:Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge 6741: 6690: 6675: 5965: 5925: 5800: 5788: 5692: 5514: 5228:Chained Antelope Badge of Henry V & VI. 5019: 5016: 5010: 5007: 4954:Married to: Sir Henry Stafford; 1462–1471. 4912: 4909: 4903: 4900: 4826: 4823: 4817: 4814: 4729: 4726: 4720: 4717: 4608: 4605: 4599: 4596: 4498: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4400: 4397: 4391: 4388: 4260: 4257: 4251: 4248: 4127:in line with changes made in that kingdom: 4092: 4089: 4083: 4080: 3916: 3913: 3907: 3904: 3680: 3677: 3671: 3668: 3540: 3537: 3531: 3528: 1771:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster and Leicester 1391:This happy breed of men, this little world, 1150:List of members of the House of Plantagenet 8486: 8472: 7880: 7866: 6612: 6533: 6518: 6503: 6488: 6297: 5854: 5474: 5374: 5372: 5013: 4906: 4820: 4723: 4602: 4492: 4394: 4254: 4144:with three fleurs de lys, alluding to the 4086: 3910: 3674: 3569:Son of: King Henry III and Queen Eleanor. 3534: 1835:Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Leicester 1393:This precious stone set in the silver sea, 761: 747: 524:in 1326, pursuing and capturing Edward at 449:was queen consort of France. Edmund's son 280:, gave loyal service to Edward's son King 7542: 7504: 7363: 7327: 7160: 7133: 7091: 6422: 6375: 6315: 6309: 6303: 5993: 5908: 5878: 5866: 5770: 5678: 5666: 5654: 5642: 5630: 5405: 4429:Son of: King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. 4375:Son of: King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. 4347:Son of: King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. 4319:Son of: King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. 4291:Son of: King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. 3748:England a label of France (Old Lancaster) 3654:Son of: Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and 2293:Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence 2035:Elizabeth of Lancaster, Duchess of Exeter 1902:Eleanor of Lancaster, Countess of Arundel 1898:Isabel of Lancaster, Prioress of Amesbury 1387:This fortress built by Nature for herself 1383:This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars, 516:Henry joined the revolt of Edward's wife 414:and Brie from 1276 by right of his wife. 366:. However, to historians' chagrin, it is 243:in 1267. Edmund had already been created 7404: 7382: 7214: 7187: 6476: 6438: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6249: 6237: 5959: 5943: 5913: 5896: 5746: 5734: 5716: 5704: 5624: 5618: 5606: 5594: 5582: 5570: 5558: 5531: 5399: 3642:Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster 1566: 1395:Which serves it in the office of a wall, 1365:, extinguishing the House of Lancaster. 1222: 1048: 421: 396:Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester 390:the titles and possessions forfeited by 297:Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster 249:Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester 231:. The first house was created when King 151:Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster 16:Cadet branch of the House of Plantagenet 8716:Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland 8711:Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland 7849:Ruling house of the Kingdom of England 7668:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7641:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7637: 7614:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7610: 7569: 7546:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7304:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7218:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7191:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7164:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7137:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7114: 6996: 6954:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 6851:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 6847: 6472: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6443:Maclagan, Michael; Louda, Jiří (1999). 6416: 6404: 6398: 6362: 6344: 6279: 6159: 6147: 6141: 6135: 6117: 6111: 6099: 6095: 6071: 6059: 6041: 6029: 6017: 5902: 5782: 5411: 5369: 5168:is used as the plant badge of England ( 3824:Gules, three Catherine wheels Or (Roet) 1555:—Edward IV's daughter—and promoted the 1399:Against the envy of less happier lands; 1283:Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland 1256:, because it included the surrender of 994:Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland 943:Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence 9146: 8636:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 7523: 7485: 7423: 7077:. Elek (Paul) (Scientific Books) Ltd. 7072: 7053: 7034: 7015: 6977: 6896: 6874: 6387: 6333: 6327: 6321: 6231: 6219: 6207: 6195: 6183: 6083: 6077: 6011: 6005: 5999: 5919: 5884: 5872: 5860: 5818: 5672: 5660: 5648: 5636: 5612: 5600: 5588: 5576: 5564: 5537: 5480: 4587:Married to: King Henry VI; 1445–1471. 4239:Married to: King Henry IV; 1399–1413. 2458:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 2297:John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford 2195:Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland 1389:Against infection and the hand of war, 1291:Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury 1287:Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron de Clifford 1240:1908): Symbolic representation of the 1112:John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford 332:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales 8731:Humphrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 8706:Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconberg 8646:Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset 8641:Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset 8631:Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England 8493: 8467: 7861: 7664: 7366:Lancastrian kings and Lollard knights 7300: 7260: 7241: 6427: 6339: 6261: 6023: 5552: 5504: 5492: 5468: 5453: 5441: 5429: 5393: 5303:John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro 4466:Married to: King Henry V; 1420–1422. 3221: 3219: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3134: 3132: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3109: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3059: 3057: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2957: 2955: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2926: 2914: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2900: 2885: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2854: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2817: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2791: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2748: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2721: 2715: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2691: 2676: 2674: 2663: 2661: 2647: 2631: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2605: 2590: 2588: 2574: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2555: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2515: 2497: 1890:Maud of Lancaster, Countess of Ulster 1355:Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset 1267:Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset 1205:Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick 8885:George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence 7710: 7691: 7588: 7471:. New Haven: Yale University Press. 7459: 7390:. Continuum Publishing Corporation. 7344: 6461: 6410: 6350: 6291: 6285: 6267: 6255: 6243: 6171: 6123: 6047: 6035: 5987: 5983: 5971: 5947: 5931: 5848: 5833: 5794: 5758: 5722: 5710: 5698: 5525: 5417: 5378: 5133:derives from the gold rose badge of 4148:. This new design is referred to as 2343:on the basis that he was older than 2100:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster 2074:Dukes of Lancaster (second creation) 923: 132:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster 8880:Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Rutland 8766:Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron Clifford 8626:Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England 7889:Royal houses of Britain and Ireland 7782:(disputed with the House of Valois) 7279: 6165: 5806: 5508: 5299:Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra 5118: 3952:As Duke of Lancaster and Hereford: 2176:John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset 1894:Joan of Lancaster, Baroness Mowbray 1748:John of Lancaster, Lord of Beaufort 1528:—a relatively unknown scion of the 1100:, and Henry V died of dysentery at 461:through marriage to the heiress of 13: 8860:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury 8830:Thomas FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond 8726:Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham 6273: 5264:Crossed Feather Badge of Henry VI. 4614: 4535: 4504: 4434: 4406: 4352: 4324: 4296: 4266: 4207: 4169: 4074:Descendants of Henry IV of England 4010: 3806: 3768: 3730: 3632: 3605: 3574: 3558:, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster 3546: 1039:Henry V and the Hundred Years' War 1027:Henry IV was succeeded by his son 463:Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln 386:, Henry granted to his second son 14: 9190: 9179:1471 disestablishments in England 8835:William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke 8751:George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 8696:John Neville, Marquess of Montagu 7731: 7526:The End of the House of Lancaster 7388:The Fourteenth Century: 1307–1399 7092:Galbraith, Vivian Hunter (1982). 4382:Descendants of Henry V of England 1906:Mary of Lancaster, Baroness Percy 1397:Or as a moat defensive to a house 1351:John Beaufort, Marquess of Dorset 1254:Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York 1201:Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York 1031:, and eventually by his grandson 957:, son of Edward III's fourth son 865:, where he saved the life of the 553:Duchy and Palatinate of Lancaster 488:, who demanded the banishment of 23:. For the mansion in London, see 19:For the Toronto strip clubs, see 9128: 9127: 8890:Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon 8840:William Hastings, Baron Hastings 8825:John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln 8809: 8701:Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick 8656:Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset 8651:John Beaumont, Viscount Beaumont 8615: 8604: 8588: 8578: 8568: 8558: 8548: 6827: 6818: 6809: 6797: 6785: 6773: 6729: 6717: 6705: 6663: 6651: 6639: 5269: 5257: 5245: 5233: 5221: 5209: 5197: 5079: 5074: 5030: 5025: 4967: 4923: 4918: 4858: 4832: 4771: 4740: 4735: 4473:; 1428?–1437, progenitor of the 4103: 4098: 4043: 4038: 3971: 3966: 3937:, Duke of Hereford and Lancaster 3927: 3922: 3691: 3686: 3450: 3443: 3403: 3396: 3312: 3306: 3299: 3240: 2489:Family Tree: House of Lancaster 2422: 2359: 2250: 2107: 1997: 1928: 1840: 1776: 1698: 1572:King's College Chapel, Cambridge 1563:Religion, education and the arts 1163:wanted to hold only Calais; and 580: 374:Origin of the Earls of Lancaster 251:, after de Montfort's death and 186:1471 (final time and extinction) 86: 76: 49: 40: 21:House of Lancaster (strip clubs) 9111:Second Cornish uprising of 1497 8850:Francis Lovell, Viscount Lovell 8756:John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury 6999:The Kings and Queens of England 6840: 6600: 6588: 6380: 6368: 6225: 6213: 6201: 6189: 6177: 6153: 6129: 6105: 6089: 5977: 5937: 5776: 5764: 5498: 5240:Hereford Swan Badge of Henry V. 4533: 4432: 4205: 3212: 3154: 3145: 3075: 2973: 2756: 2655: 2582: 2505: 2191:Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter 1808:28 October 1294 – Divorced 1318 1385:This other Eden, demi-paradise, 988:was defeated and killed at the 538:Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton 468:Thomas and his younger brother 9174:1267 establishments in England 9071:Issue of Edward III of England 8820:Anne Neville, Queen of England 8781:Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke 8776:Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond 7574:. Cambridge University Press. 5347: 5334: 5216:Monogram SS Badge of Henry IV. 5108:Heiress of the House of York. 5072: 5023: 4965: 4916: 4856: 4830: 4769: 4733: 4612: 4502: 4404: 4350: 4322: 4294: 4264: 4167: 4096: 4036: 4008: 3964: 3920: 3804: 3766: 3728: 3684: 3630: 3603: 3572: 3544: 3127:Countess of Richmond and Derby 2481: 1309:and his head was displayed at 1154:Issue of Edward III of England 1045:Hundred Years' War (1415–1453) 935:Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March 900:Edward III of England married 323:(r. 1422–1461 and 1470–1471). 174:1361 (last unbroken male heir) 1: 9045:Stafford and Lovell rebellion 8870:William Neville, Earl of Kent 8855:John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk 8796:Edward Woodville, Lord Scales 8741:George Stanley, Baron Strange 8736:Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby 8686:Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter 8681:John Courtenay, Earl of Devon 8676:John Clifford, Baron Clifford 8661:John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley 7443:The Royal Heraldry of England 7073:Fowler, Kenneth Alan (1969). 5363: 5252:Fire Beacon Badge of Henry V. 4581:of Naples, Duke of Anjou and 3584:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster 3278: 1967:Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster 1740:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster 1515: 1237: 650:Joan, Countess of Westmorland 261:Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster 8945:Siege of the Tower of London 8845:John Howard, Duke of Norfolk 8666:James Butler, Earl of Ormond 7685:UK public library membership 7658:UK public library membership 7631:UK public library membership 7563:UK public library membership 7321:UK public library membership 7235:UK public library membership 7208:UK public library membership 7181:UK public library membership 7154:UK public library membership 7056:The Revolt of Owain Glyn Dwr 6971:UK public library membership 6868:UK public library membership 5204:Red Rose Badge of Lancaster. 5090: 5085: 5073: 5044: 5036: 5024: 4979: 4973: 4966: 4961:, Earl of Derby; 1472–1504. 4934: 4929: 4917: 4869: 4864: 4857: 4844: 4838: 4831: 4783: 4777: 4770: 4752: 4746: 4734: 4628: 4622: 4613: 4548: 4543: 4534: 4518: 4512: 4503: 4447: 4442: 4433: 4420: 4414: 4405: 4366: 4360: 4351: 4338: 4332: 4323: 4310: 4304: 4295: 4282: 4274: 4265: 4220: 4215: 4206: 4182: 4177: 4168: 4115: 4109: 4097: 4055: 4049: 4037: 4024: 4018: 4009: 3983: 3977: 3965: 3941: 3933: 3921: 3828:Daughter of: Payne de Roet. 3819: 3814: 3805: 3781: 3776: 3767: 3743: 3738: 3729: 3703: 3697: 3685: 3645: 3640: 3631: 3618: 3615:Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster 3613: 3604: 3587: 3582: 3573: 3560: 3554: 3545: 3449: 3442: 3402: 3395: 3305: 3298: 3280: 3275:fr:Armorial des Plantagenêts 2216:Lancastrian Kings of England 1950:Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster 1744:Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster 1313:, York, along with those of 1177:Philip III, Duke of Burgundy 992:. In 1405, Hotspur's father 777:, was born at the castle of 685:Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 611:Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter 433:Edmund's second marriage to 406:on 30 June 1267 and that of 110:; 757 years ago 7: 9005:1470 Lincolnshire Rebellion 8691:John Neville, Baron Neville 8671:John Butler, Earl of Ormond 7368:. Oxford University Press. 7058:. Oxford University Press. 6982:. Oxford University Press. 5281: 4891:, Baron Welles; 1447–1461. 4565:e of crosses crosslet fitch 2305:Blanche, Electress Palatine 2155:Catherine, Queen of Castile 2029:Philippa, Queen of Portugal 1963:Maud, Countess of Leicester 1502:According to the historian 1407:—John of Gaunt's speech in 1374:Shakespeare's history plays 1339:Richard, Duke of Gloucester 1328:. Margaret's defeat at the 690:Blanche, Electress Palatine 640:Henry, Bishop of Winchester 621:Catherine, Queen of Castile 606:Philippa, Queen of Portugal 10: 9195: 8771:James Tuchet, Baron Audley 7037:The Isles – A History 6804:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6792:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6780:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6768:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6751:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6736:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6724:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6712:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6700:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6685:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6670:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6658:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6646:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6622:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6607:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6595:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6583:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6562:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6545:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6528:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6513:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6498:Pinches & Pinches 1974 6478:Rietstap, Johannes Baptist 5688:Brown & Summerson 2010 5276:Panther Badge of Henry VI. 5122: 4696: Illegitimate descent 3883: Illegitimate descent 3272: 3250: 3244: 1263:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1147: 1137: 1042: 695:Philippa, Queen of Denmark 556: 18: 9121: 9058: 8912: 8804: 8599: 8536: 8529: 8501: 8433: 8395: 8234: 8146: 8103: 8010: 7895: 7847: 7839: 7829: 7819: 7807: 7797: 7787: 7770: 7762: 7746: 7509:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 7505:Sherborne, James (1994). 7280:Lee, Christopher (1997). 7246:. Yale University Press. 7115:Goodman, Anthony (1981). 4152:, the previous one being 3286: 3281: 3187: 3185: 3177: 3175: 3107: 3105: 3097: 3095: 3025: 3023: 3005: 3003: 2995: 2993: 2932: 2930: 2924: 2920: 2912: 2910: 2883: 2852: 2850: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2815: 2813: 2805: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2725: 2723: 2713: 2711: 2695: 2693: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2629: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2607: 2559: 2557: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2529: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2517: 1619:King's College, Cambridge 1368: 1275:First Battle of St Albans 1053:Henry V's victory at the 846:status for the county of 574:Second House of Lancaster 410:in 1301. Edmund was also 364:King's College, Cambridge 190: 180: 170: 162: 146: 138: 122: 104: 69: 59: 39: 34: 7713:Britain's Royal Families 7364:McFarlane, K.B. (1972). 7119:. Taylor & Francis. 6917:Brooke-Little, J.P., FSA 5328: 3756:, Duke of Lancaster and 3337:. He deposed his cousin 3251:Part of this section is 2475:(agnatic primogeniture) 2410:(agnatic primogeniture) 1252:prompted criticism from 1218:John and William Merfold 1094:Thomas, Duke of Clarence 773:Henry's son, also named 680:Thomas, Duke of Clarence 670:Henry V, King of England 378:After the supporters of 9164:Royal houses of England 9086:Bonville–Courtenay feud 7242:Hicks, Michael (2010). 7035:Davies, Norman (1999). 7018:Europe – A History 7016:Davies, Norman (1997). 5125:Royal badges of England 5042:(later King Henry VII) 4781:, Countess of Somerset 4195:, Earl of Hereford and 3223:Edward of Westminster, 3033:DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1399 2843:DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1362 2741:DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1351 2567:EARL OF LANCASTER, 1267 1882:, 1st Duke of Lancaster 1847:(No portrait available) 1648:The Book of the Duchess 1591:De haeretico comburendo 1315:Edmund, Earl of Rutland 879:Otto, Duke of Brunswick 735:Edward, Prince of Wales 616:Henry, Duke of Hereford 596:John, Duke of Lancaster 587:Armorial of Plantagenet 511:Battle of Boroughbridge 394:of the barons' leader, 334:, by supporters of the 9035:Buckingham's rebellion 9015:Readeption of Henry VI 7677:10.1093/ref:odnb/12959 7650:10.1093/ref:odnb/54463 7623:10.1093/ref:odnb/14843 7570:Swanson, R.N. (1995). 7555:10.1093/ref:odnb/14844 7524:Storey, Robin (1986). 7486:Schama, Simon (2000). 7405:Mortimer, Ian (2012). 7227:10.1093/ref:odnb/14155 7200:10.1093/ref:odnb/27198 7173:10.1093/ref:odnb/19344 7146:10.1093/ref:odnb/12953 6978:Castor, Helen (2000). 6963:10.1093/ref:odnb/12951 6860:10.1093/ref:odnb/12952 4931:Lady Margaret Beaufort 4684: Maternal descent 4678: Paternal descent 4619: 4540: 4509: 4439: 4411: 4357: 4329: 4301: 4271: 4212: 4174: 4015: 3939:(later King Henry IV) 3871: Maternal descent 3865: Paternal descent 3811: 3773: 3735: 3637: 3610: 3579: 3551: 3325:(1367 † 1413), son of 1574: 1541:Lady Margaret Beaufort 1415:Act II, Scene I, 40–50 1404: 1245: 1181:Treaty of Arras (1435) 1057: 1014:Battle of Bramham Moor 645:Thomas, Duke of Exeter 626:John, Earl of Somerset 430: 8721:Thomas Ros, Baron Ros 8506:Red Rose of Lancaster 8420:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 7711:Weir, Alison (2008). 7692:Weir, Alison (1995). 7528:. Sutton Publishing. 7313:10.1093/ref:odnb/8504 7244:The Wars of the Roses 6997:Crofton, Ian (2007). 5295:Philippa of Lancaster 5131:Red Rose of Lancaster 4624:Edward of Westminster 4618: 4569:e, two barbels addors 4539: 4508: 4438: 4410: 4364:, Duke of Gloucester 4362:Humphrey of Lancaster 4356: 4328: 4300: 4280:(later King Henry V) 4270: 4211: 4173: 4014: 3945:As Duke of Hereford: 3810: 3772: 3734: 3636: 3609: 3578: 3550: 3339:Richard II of England 3335:Edward III of England 2961:2nd Duke of Lancaster 2877:1st Duke of Lancaster 2873:5th Earl of Lancaster 2777:4th Earl of Lancaster 2681:3rd Earl of Lancaster 2668:2nd Earl of Lancaster 2595:1st Earl of Lancaster 2126:Edward III of England 1823:Executed by order of 1623:King's College Chapel 1570: 1378: 1326:Edward, Earl of March 1295:Battle of Northampton 1226: 1052: 986:Henry Percy (Hotspur) 877:where a quarrel with 869:. He spent 1351–2 on 675:John, Duke of Bedford 534:Edward III of England 495:Battle of Bannockburn 476:of their cousin King 425: 338:in 1471. Lancastrian 9159:English royal houses 9096:Neville–Neville feud 9081:Princes in the Tower 7821:Ruling house of the 7809:Ruling house of the 7801:House of Plantagenet 7345:Mate, Mavis (2006). 7054:Davies, R R (1995). 4641:Battle of Tewkesbury 4583:Isabella of Lorraine 3778:Constance of Castile 3740:Blanche of Lancaster 3701:, Duke of Lancaster 3205:Henry VII of England 3052:1st Duke of Somerset 2950:1st Earl of Somerset 2887:Blanche of Lancaster 2470:(believed murdered) 2408:son of Henry IV 2402:Château de Vincennes 2318:Winchester Cathedral 2269:Blanche of Lancaster 2187:Bishop of Winchester 2147:Constance of Castile 2136:Blanche of Lancaster 2130:Philippa of Hainault 2050:Isabel of Lancaster 1825:Edward II of England 1713:Henry III of England 1347:Battle of Tewkesbury 1248:Henry's marriage to 1096:, was killed at the 990:Battle of Shrewsbury 906:Blanche of Lancaster 858:was crown property. 478:Edward II of England 429:of Edmund Crouchback 404:Earldom of Lancaster 400:Earldom of Leicester 380:Henry III of England 319:(r. 1413–1422), and 301:Blanche of Lancaster 293:Blanche of Lancaster 259:. When Edmund's son 237:Earldom of Lancaster 233:Henry III of England 229:House of Plantagenet 64:House of Plantagenet 8875:Sir Richard Herbert 7596:. London: Fontana. 7426:Book of the Duchess 7261:Jones, Dan (2012). 7100:. Hambledon Press. 6897:Brewer, DS (2012). 6636:, pp. 205–222. 6306:, pp. 218, 239 5147:Henry VI of England 5135:Edward I of England 4994:Catherine of Valois 4977:, Earl of Richmond 4842:, Duke of Somerset 4800:, Countess of Kent 4796:, Earl of Kent and 4750:, Earl of Somerset 4444:Catherine of Valois 4308:, Duke of Clarence 4306:Thomas of Lancaster 4142:semée fleurs de lys 3981:, Earl of Somerset 3459:Henry VI of England 3322:Henry IV of England 3293:Nom et blasonnement 2665:Thomas of Lancaster 2473:son of Henry V 2441:Catherine of Valois 2417:Henry VI of England 2395:Henry VI of England 2383:Catherine of Valois 2286:Edward of Lancaster 2245:Henry IV of England 2038:Edward of Lancaster 1872:Matilda de Chaworth 1717:Eleanor of Provence 1627:Eton College Chapel 1440:. These plays are: 1334:Elizabeth Woodville 1307:Battle of Wakefield 1189:Battle of Castillon 1108:Henry VI of England 1084:. The terms of the 1082:Catherine of Valois 1078:Battle of Agincourt 1055:Battle of Agincourt 914:treason act of 1397 836:Order of the Garter 831:Battle of Auberoche 811:Earl of Northampton 447:Philip IV of France 439:the King of Navarre 416:Henry IV of England 156:Henry VI of England 9154:House of Lancaster 9091:Percy–Neville feud 8970:St Albans (Second) 8865:Sir Thomas Neville 8511:White Rose of York 8035:Mann and the Isles 7823:Kingdom of England 7811:Duchy of Aquitaine 7756:House of Lancaster 7738:House of Lancaster 7283:This Sceptred Isle 6921:Boutell's Heraldry 6634:Brooke-Little 1978 6270:, pp. 146–149 6038:, pp. 147–155 5974:, pp. 86, 101 5875:, pp. 419–420 5863:, pp. 265–266 5809:, pp. 138–141 5749:, pp. 298–299 5725:, pp. 209–215 5713:, pp. 424–425 5675:, pp. 217–218 5663:, pp. 106–109 5651:, pp. 193–195 5639:, pp. 173–174 5444:, pp. 375–178 5408:, pp. 223–239 5318:White Rose of York 5162:White Rose of York 5040:, Earl of Richmond 4866:Margaret Beauchamp 4626:, Prince of Wales 4620: 4577:Daughter of: King 4541: 4510: 4469:Later married to: 4462:Isabeau of Bavaria 4456:Daughter of: King 4440: 4412: 4358: 4336:, Duke of Bedford 4330: 4302: 4272: 4229:Daughter of: King 4213: 4175: 4161:House of Lancaster 4159:First king of the 4016: 3816:Katherine Swynford 3812: 3790:Daughter of: King 3774: 3758:Isabel of Beaumont 3736: 3722:House of Lancaster 3638: 3611: 3580: 3552: 3412:Henry V of England 3125:Margaret Beaufort, 2958:Henry Bolingbroke, 2678:Henry of Lancaster 2354:Henry V of England 2289:Henry V of England 2260:Bolingbroke Castle 2162:Katherine Swynford 2007:Bolingbroke Castle 2004:25 March 1345/1347 1955:Isabel de Beaumont 1751:Mary of Lancaster 1660:Cronica Tripertita 1583:Archbishop Arundel 1575: 1534:Katherine Swynford 1303:Henry's son Edward 1246: 1197:Percy–Neville feud 1185:Battle of Formigny 1116:Battle of Verneuil 1061:Henry V of England 1058: 1002:Archbishop of York 796:Hundred Years' War 518:Isabella of France 499:Ordinances of 1311 431: 412:Count of Champagne 384:Second Barons' War 257:Second Barons' War 255:at the end of the 221:House of Lancaster 82:Kingdom of England 35:House of Lancaster 9169:Wars of the Roses 9141: 9140: 8920:St Albans (First) 8908: 8907: 8786:Margaret Beaufort 8495:Wars of the Roses 8461: 8460: 7856: 7855: 7830:Succeeded by 7788:Succeeded by 7777:Kingdom of France 7722:978-0-09-953973-5 7683:(Subscription or 7656:(Subscription or 7629:(Subscription or 7561:(Subscription or 7349:. Boydell Press. 7319:(Subscription or 7293:978-1-84529-994-1 7286:. Penguin Books. 7272:978-0-00-745749-6 7233:(Subscription or 7206:(Subscription or 7179:(Subscription or 7152:(Subscription or 7008:978-1-84724-065-1 6969:(Subscription or 6876:Belsey, Catherine 6866:(Subscription or 5143:Wars of the Roses 5113: 5112: 5101:Married to: King 5087:Elizabeth of York 5003: 5002: 4896: 4895: 4810: 4809: 4708: 4707: 4702: Collaterals 4660:(Line of descent) 4648: 4647: 4592: 4591: 4545:Margaret of Anjou 4482: 4481: 4379: 4378: 4334:John of Lancaster 4278:, Prince of Wales 4276:Henry of Monmouth 4244: 4243: 4193:Humphrey de Bohun 4068: 4067: 4053:, Duke of Exeter 4002:House of Beaufort 3935:Henry Bolingbroke 3895: 3894: 3889: Collaterals 3847:(Line of descent) 3835: 3834: 3754:Henry of Grosmont 3661: 3660: 3598:Blanche of Artois 3556:Edmund Crouchback 3521: 3520: 3341:and became king. 3331:Duke of Lancaster 3238: 3237: 3234: 3233: 3063:Duke of Lancaster 3060:Henry of Monmouth 2781:Duke of Lancaster 2774:Henry of Grosmont 2592:Edmund Crouchback 2479: 2478: 2446:Margaret of Anjou 2366:16 September 1386 2314:Joanna of Navarre 2213: 2212: 2171:House of Beaufort 2158:John of Lancaster 2150:21 September 1371 2071: 2070: 2053:12 September 1369 2047:, King of England 2040:John of Lancaster 2032:John of Lancaster 2016:Henry of Grosmont 1910:22 September 1345 1867:Blanche of Artois 1863:Edmund Crouchback 1802:Blanche of Artois 1798:Edmund Crouchback 1735:21 September 1271 1732:Blanche of Artois 1553:Elizabeth of York 1250:Margaret of Anjou 1242:Wars of the Roses 1165:Cardinal Beaufort 1140:Wars of the Roses 998:Richard le Scrope 959:Edmund of Langley 924:Reign of Henry IV 883:John II of France 840:Duke of Lancaster 821:, and Henry from 771: 770: 632:House of Beaufort 503:Pontefract Castle 443:Joan I of Navarre 435:Blanche of Artois 388:Edmund Crouchback 309:Wars of the Roses 245:Earl of Leicester 241:Edmund Crouchback 217: 216: 205:House of Somerset 197:House of Beaufort 184:1461 (first time) 176:1471 (extinction) 9186: 9131: 9130: 8965:Mortimer's Cross 8895:Margaret of York 8813: 8619: 8608: 8592: 8582: 8572: 8562: 8552: 8534: 8533: 8488: 8481: 8474: 8465: 8464: 8299:Síl nÁedo Sláine 8206:Ó Máel Sechlainn 7882: 7875: 7868: 7859: 7858: 7840:Preceded by 7798:Preceded by 7763:Preceded by 7744: 7743: 7726: 7707: 7688: 7680: 7661: 7653: 7634: 7626: 7607: 7585: 7566: 7558: 7539: 7520: 7501: 7482: 7470: 7456: 7437: 7420: 7401: 7379: 7360: 7341: 7324: 7316: 7297: 7276: 7257: 7238: 7230: 7211: 7203: 7184: 7176: 7157: 7149: 7130: 7111: 7099: 7088: 7069: 7050: 7031: 7012: 6993: 6974: 6966: 6947: 6941: 6933: 6912: 6893: 6871: 6863: 6835: 6831: 6825: 6822: 6816: 6813: 6807: 6801: 6795: 6789: 6783: 6777: 6771: 6765: 6754: 6748: 6739: 6733: 6727: 6721: 6715: 6709: 6703: 6697: 6688: 6682: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6655: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6625: 6619: 6610: 6604: 6598: 6592: 6586: 6580: 6565: 6559: 6548: 6542: 6531: 6525: 6516: 6510: 6501: 6495: 6486: 6485: 6484:. G.B. van Goor. 6474: 6459: 6458: 6440: 6425: 6420: 6414: 6408: 6402: 6396: 6390: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6366: 6360: 6354: 6353:, pp. 76–77 6348: 6342: 6337: 6331: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6301: 6295: 6289: 6283: 6277: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6223: 6217: 6211: 6205: 6199: 6193: 6187: 6181: 6175: 6169: 6163: 6157: 6151: 6145: 6139: 6133: 6127: 6121: 6115: 6109: 6103: 6093: 6087: 6081: 6075: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6009: 6003: 5997: 5991: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5951: 5950:, pp. 72–76 5941: 5935: 5934:, pp. 82–83 5929: 5923: 5922:, pp. 76–80 5917: 5911: 5906: 5900: 5894: 5888: 5882: 5876: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5852: 5846: 5837: 5831: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5804: 5798: 5792: 5786: 5780: 5774: 5768: 5762: 5756: 5750: 5744: 5738: 5732: 5726: 5720: 5714: 5708: 5702: 5701:, pp. 36–39 5696: 5690: 5685: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5640: 5634: 5628: 5622: 5616: 5610: 5604: 5603:, pp. 58–59 5598: 5592: 5591:, pp. 35–37 5586: 5580: 5574: 5568: 5562: 5556: 5550: 5541: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5512: 5502: 5496: 5490: 5484: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5427: 5421: 5415: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5391: 5382: 5376: 5358: 5351: 5345: 5338: 5273: 5261: 5249: 5237: 5225: 5213: 5201: 5119:Lancaster badges 5083: 5078: 5034: 5029: 5005: 4971: 4927: 4922: 4898: 4889:Lionel de Welles 4862: 4836: 4812: 4779:Margaret Holland 4775: 4744: 4739: 4715: 4701: 4695: 4689: 4683: 4677: 4671: 4662: 4661: 4653: 4652: 4594: 4484: 4386: 4246: 4107: 4102: 4078: 4047: 4042: 3975: 3970: 3931: 3926: 3902: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3858: 3849: 3848: 3840: 3839: 3796:María de Padilla 3792:Peter of Castile 3695: 3690: 3666: 3526: 3464:Treaty of Troyes 3454: 3447: 3407: 3400: 3316: 3310: 3303: 3279: 3270: 3216: 3215: 1485–1509 3214: 3158: 3157: 1470–1471 3156: 3149: 3148: 1422–1461 3147: 3079: 3078: 1413–1422 3077: 2977: 2976: 1399–1413 2975: 2760: 2759: 1327–1377 2758: 2659: 2658: 1307–1327 2657: 2586: 2585: 1272–1307 2584: 2509: 2508: 1216–1272 2507: 2495: 2494: 2486: 2485: 2450:Titchfield Abbey 2426: 2387:Troyes Cathedral 2363: 2254: 2220: 2219: 2202:Leicester Castle 2111: 2078: 2077: 2001: 1974:Leicester Castle 1932: 1848: 1844: 1780: 1702: 1671: 1670: 1644:Geoffrey Chaucer 1522:cognatic descent 1488:Henry VI, Part 3 1481:Henry VI, Part 2 1474:Henry VI, Part 1 1460:Henry IV, Part 2 1453:Henry IV, Part 1 1416: 1343:Battle of Barnet 1330:Battle of Towton 1322:Mary of Guelders 1239: 1187:in 1450 and the 1086:Treaty of Troyes 967:Southampton Plot 951:Anne de Mortimer 931:William Thirning 895:Leicester Castle 763: 756: 749: 726: 706: 661: 597: 584: 563: 562: 398:, including the 315:(r. 1399–1413), 118: 116: 111: 90: 80: 53: 44: 32: 31: 9194: 9193: 9189: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9184: 9183: 9144: 9143: 9142: 9137: 9117: 9054: 9030:Siege of London 8904: 8900:Richard of York 8808: 8800: 8761:Andrew Trollope 8746:William Stanley 8614: 8610: 8609: 8603: 8595: 8525: 8497: 8492: 8462: 8457: 8429: 8391: 8230: 8142: 8099: 8006: 7891: 7886: 7851: 7845: 7835: 7826: 7814: 7805: 7803: 7793: 7791:House of Valois 7784: 7780: 7768: 7766:House of Valois 7758: 7753: 7734: 7729: 7723: 7704: 7682: 7655: 7628: 7604: 7582: 7560: 7536: 7517: 7498: 7479: 7453: 7428:: a revision". 7417: 7398: 7376: 7357: 7318: 7294: 7273: 7265:. HarperPress. 7254: 7232: 7205: 7178: 7151: 7127: 7108: 7085: 7066: 7047: 7028: 7009: 6990: 6968: 6935: 6934: 6931: 6909: 6890: 6865: 6843: 6838: 6832: 6828: 6823: 6819: 6814: 6810: 6802: 6798: 6790: 6786: 6778: 6774: 6766: 6757: 6749: 6742: 6734: 6730: 6722: 6718: 6710: 6706: 6698: 6691: 6683: 6676: 6668: 6664: 6656: 6652: 6644: 6640: 6632: 6628: 6620: 6613: 6605: 6601: 6593: 6589: 6581: 6568: 6560: 6551: 6543: 6534: 6526: 6519: 6511: 6504: 6496: 6489: 6475: 6462: 6455: 6441: 6428: 6421: 6417: 6409: 6405: 6397: 6393: 6385: 6381: 6373: 6369: 6361: 6357: 6349: 6345: 6338: 6334: 6326: 6322: 6314: 6310: 6302: 6298: 6290: 6286: 6278: 6274: 6266: 6262: 6254: 6250: 6242: 6238: 6230: 6226: 6218: 6214: 6206: 6202: 6194: 6190: 6182: 6178: 6170: 6166: 6158: 6154: 6146: 6142: 6134: 6130: 6122: 6118: 6110: 6106: 6094: 6090: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6034: 6030: 6022: 6018: 6014:, pp. 3–22 6010: 6006: 5998: 5994: 5986:, p. 156; 5982: 5978: 5970: 5966: 5958: 5954: 5942: 5938: 5930: 5926: 5918: 5914: 5907: 5903: 5895: 5891: 5883: 5879: 5871: 5867: 5859: 5855: 5847: 5840: 5832: 5825: 5817: 5813: 5805: 5801: 5793: 5789: 5781: 5777: 5769: 5765: 5757: 5753: 5745: 5741: 5733: 5729: 5721: 5717: 5709: 5705: 5697: 5693: 5686: 5679: 5671: 5667: 5659: 5655: 5647: 5643: 5635: 5631: 5623: 5619: 5611: 5607: 5599: 5595: 5587: 5583: 5575: 5571: 5563: 5559: 5551: 5544: 5536: 5532: 5524: 5515: 5503: 5499: 5491: 5487: 5479: 5475: 5467: 5460: 5452: 5448: 5440: 5436: 5428: 5424: 5416: 5412: 5404: 5400: 5392: 5385: 5377: 5370: 5366: 5361: 5352: 5348: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5313:Women's history 5308:Forced marriage 5284: 5277: 5274: 5265: 5262: 5253: 5250: 5241: 5238: 5229: 5226: 5217: 5214: 5205: 5202: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5041: 4713: 4704: 4703: 4699: 4697: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4685: 4681: 4679: 4675: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4658: 4657: 4650: 4384: 4279: 4233:of Navarre and 4217:Joan of Navarre 4138:kings of France 4076: 4070: 4051:Thomas Beaufort 3938: 3900: 3891: 3890: 3886: 3884: 3880: 3878: 3874: 3872: 3868: 3866: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3846: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3663: 3523: 3277: 3271: 3260: 3249: 3243: 3227: 3225:Prince of Wales 3224: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3153: 3151: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3129: 3126: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3065: 3061: 3054: 3051: 2972: 2971: 2969: 2963: 2959: 2952: 2949: 2889: 2880: 2875: 2871: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2750:King Edward III 2684: 2679: 2671: 2666: 2654: 2653: 2651: 2598: 2593: 2581: 2580: 2578: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2484: 2474: 2469: 2467: 2465:Tower of London 2463: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2448: 2434: 2430: 2429:6 December 1421 2409: 2404: 2400: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2385: 2371: 2369:Monmouth Castle 2367: 2335: 2327: 2322: 2321:7 February 1403 2320: 2316: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2262: 2258: 2218: 2208: 2200: 2199:3 February 1399 2193: 2189: 2178: 2174: 2168: 2166: 2165:13 January 1396 2164: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2151: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2123: 2115: 2103: 2076: 2066: 2062: 2054: 2049: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2013: 2005: 1984: 1980: 1972: 1965: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1947: 1941:Grosmont Castle 1939: 1915: 1911: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1876: 1874: 1860: 1854:Grosmont Castle 1852: 1846: 1845: 1827: 1822: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1795: 1789:Grismond Castle 1787: 1763: 1755: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723:Aveline de Forz 1710: 1706: 1705:16 January 1245 1669: 1565: 1518: 1418: 1414: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1394: 1392: 1390: 1388: 1386: 1384: 1382: 1376: 1371: 1359:Tower of London 1279:Anthony Goodman 1175:England's ally 1156: 1146: 1138:Main articles: 1136: 1124:Battle of Patay 1098:Battle of Baugé 1047: 1041: 926: 800:Battle of Sluys 767: 724: 704: 659: 595: 589: 567:English Royalty 561: 559:County palatine 555: 530:Berkeley Castle 507:Treaty of Leake 486:Lords Ordainers 437:, the widow of 376: 328:Tower of London 265:Earl of Lincoln 185: 175: 154: 130: 114: 112: 109: 100: 54: 48: 47: 45: 28: 25:Lancaster House 17: 12: 11: 5: 9192: 9182: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9139: 9138: 9136: 9135: 9122: 9119: 9118: 9116: 9115: 9114: 9113: 9108: 9106:Battle of Deal 9101:Perkin Warbeck 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9076:Titulus Regius 9073: 9068: 9062: 9060: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9040:Bosworth Field 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9010:Losecoat Field 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8935:Ludford Bridge 8932: 8927: 8925:Loveday (1458) 8922: 8916: 8914: 8910: 8909: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8847: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8816: 8814: 8802: 8801: 8799: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8622: 8620: 8597: 8596: 8594: 8593: 8583: 8573: 8563: 8553: 8542: 8540: 8531: 8527: 8526: 8524: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8502: 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7816: 7806: 7799: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7786: 7769: 7764: 7760: 7759: 7754: 7747: 7742: 7741: 7733: 7732:External links 7730: 7728: 7727: 7721: 7708: 7702: 7689: 7662: 7635: 7608: 7602: 7586: 7580: 7567: 7540: 7534: 7521: 7515: 7502: 7496: 7483: 7477: 7457: 7451: 7438: 7430:Chaucer Review 7421: 7416:978-1441102690 7415: 7402: 7397:978-1441102690 7396: 7380: 7374: 7361: 7355: 7342: 7334:Chaucer Review 7325: 7298: 7292: 7277: 7271: 7258: 7252: 7239: 7212: 7185: 7158: 7131: 7125: 7112: 7106: 7089: 7083: 7070: 7064: 7051: 7045: 7032: 7026: 7013: 7007: 6994: 6988: 6975: 6948: 6929: 6913: 6908:978-1843843153 6907: 6894: 6888: 6872: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6836: 6826: 6817: 6808: 6806:, p. 134. 6796: 6794:, p. 133. 6784: 6782:, p. 132. 6772: 6770:, p. 127. 6755: 6740: 6738:, p. 100. 6728: 6716: 6704: 6689: 6674: 6662: 6650: 6638: 6626: 6611: 6599: 6587: 6566: 6549: 6532: 6517: 6502: 6487: 6460: 6453: 6426: 6423:Griffiths 2004 6415: 6403: 6401:, p. 124. 6391: 6379: 6376:Loschiavo 1978 6367: 6355: 6343: 6332: 6320: 6316:McFarlane 1972 6308: 6304:Sherborne 1994 6296: 6284: 6272: 6260: 6248: 6236: 6224: 6212: 6200: 6188: 6176: 6164: 6162:, p. 147. 6152: 6140: 6128: 6116: 6104: 6098:, p. 25; 6088: 6076: 6064: 6062:, p. 112. 6052: 6040: 6028: 6016: 6004: 5992: 5976: 5964: 5952: 5936: 5924: 5912: 5909:Stratford 2004 5901: 5889: 5877: 5865: 5853: 5838: 5823: 5811: 5799: 5787: 5785:, p. 298. 5775: 5771:Griffiths 2008 5763: 5751: 5739: 5727: 5715: 5703: 5691: 5677: 5665: 5653: 5641: 5629: 5617: 5605: 5593: 5581: 5569: 5557: 5542: 5530: 5513: 5497: 5485: 5473: 5458: 5446: 5434: 5422: 5410: 5406:Galbraith 1982 5398: 5383: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5346: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5326: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5291: 5283: 5280: 5279: 5278: 5275: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5196: 5120: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5097: 5092: 5089: 5084: 5071: 5070: 5066:House of Tudor 5056: 5046: 5043: 5035: 5022: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5001: 5000: 4986: 4981: 4978: 4972: 4964: 4963: 4959:Thomas Stanley 4947: 4936: 4933: 4928: 4915: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4894: 4893: 4877: 4871: 4868: 4863: 4855: 4854: 4851: 4846: 4843: 4837: 4829: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4808: 4807: 4794:Thomas Holland 4790: 4785: 4782: 4776: 4768: 4767: 4764: 4754: 4751: 4745: 4732: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4712: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4698: 4692: 4690: Consorts 4686: 4680: 4674: 4672: Monarchs 4668: 4667: 4664: 4663: 4646: 4645: 4639:Killed at the 4635: 4630: 4627: 4621: 4611: 4610: 4607: 4604: 4601: 4598: 4590: 4589: 4575: 4550: 4547: 4542: 4532: 4531: 4525: 4520: 4517: 4511: 4501: 4500: 4497: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4480: 4479: 4475:House of Tudor 4460:of France and 4454: 4449: 4446: 4441: 4431: 4430: 4427: 4422: 4419: 4413: 4403: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4376: 4373: 4368: 4365: 4359: 4349: 4348: 4345: 4340: 4337: 4331: 4321: 4320: 4317: 4312: 4309: 4303: 4293: 4292: 4289: 4284: 4281: 4273: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4242: 4241: 4235:Joan of Valois 4227: 4222: 4219: 4214: 4204: 4203: 4189: 4184: 4181: 4176: 4166: 4165: 4150:France Moderne 4132: 4125:France moderne 4117: 4114: 4108: 4095: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4075: 4072: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4057: 4054: 4048: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4026: 4023: 4020:Henry Beaufort 4017: 4007: 4006: 3995: 3985: 3982: 3976: 3963: 3962: 3959: 3943: 3940: 3932: 3919: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3885: 3879: 3877: Consorts 3873: 3867: 3861: 3859: Monarchs 3855: 3854: 3851: 3850: 3833: 3832: 3826: 3821: 3818: 3813: 3803: 3802: 3788: 3783: 3780: 3775: 3765: 3764: 3750: 3745: 3742: 3737: 3727: 3726: 3715: 3705: 3702: 3696: 3683: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3659: 3658: 3652: 3647: 3644: 3639: 3629: 3628: 3625: 3620: 3617: 3612: 3602: 3601: 3594: 3589: 3586: 3581: 3571: 3570: 3567: 3562: 3559: 3553: 3543: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3513: 3502:France moderne 3494:France moderne 3486: 3485: 3474:France moderne 3455: 3448: 3440: 3439: 3435: 3434: 3423:France moderne 3408: 3401: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3387: 3376:France moderne 3361: 3360: 3318: 3304: 3296: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3245:Main article: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3229: 3220: 3218: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3133: 3131: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3058: 3056: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3035: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3008: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2978: 2956: 2954: 2948:John Beaufort, 2945: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2884: 2882: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2786: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2746: 2744: 2743: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2675: 2673: 2662: 2660: 2649:King Edward II 2645: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2600: 2589: 2587: 2572: 2570: 2569: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2499:King Henry III 2491: 2490: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2471: 2460: 2443: 2432:Windsor Castle 2427: 2420: 2412: 2411: 2406: 2399:31 August 1422 2397: 2380: 2364: 2357: 2349: 2348: 2337: 2324: 2284:seven children 2279:Arundel Castle 2271: 2255: 2248: 2240: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2206:Leicestershire 2197: 2183:Henry Beaufort 2132: 2112: 2105: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2067:aged about 22 2056:Tutbury Castle 2051: 2018: 2002: 1995: 1987: 1986: 1978:Leicestershire 1969: 1952: 1933: 1926: 1918: 1917: 1913:Leicestershire 1908: 1869: 1849: 1838: 1830: 1829: 1811: 1806:Alice de Lacey 1804: 1781: 1774: 1766: 1765: 1752: 1719: 1703: 1696: 1688: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1668: 1665: 1646:who dedicated 1635:K.B. McFarlane 1564: 1561: 1557:House of Tudor 1543:. His father, 1517: 1514: 1500: 1499: 1491: 1484: 1477: 1470: 1463: 1456: 1449: 1379: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1363:Chertsey Abbey 1361:and buried in 1311:Micklegate Bar 1170:Eleanor Cobham 1135: 1132: 1128:Fabian tactics 1043:Main article: 1040: 1037: 1022:Harlech Castle 1010:Western Schism 925: 922: 817:, Edward from 813:attacked from 769: 768: 766: 765: 758: 751: 743: 740: 739: 738: 737: 729: 728: 720: 719: 718: 717: 709: 708: 700: 699: 698: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 664: 663: 655: 654: 653: 652: 647: 642: 637: 636: 635: 623: 618: 613: 608: 600: 599: 591: 590: 585: 577: 576: 570: 569: 554: 551: 490:Piers Gaveston 482:Sword of Mercy 472:served in the 375: 372: 356:House of Tudor 215: 214: 213: 212: 211: 210: 192: 191:Cadet branches 188: 187: 182: 178: 177: 172: 168: 167: 164: 160: 159: 158:(second house) 148: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 134:(second house) 124: 120: 119: 106: 102: 101: 99: 98: 84: 73: 71: 67: 66: 61: 57: 56: 37: 36: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9191: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9151: 9149: 9134: 9126: 9125: 9120: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9103: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9066:Act of Accord 9064: 9063: 9061: 9057: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8990:Hedgeley Moor 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8917: 8915: 8911: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8815: 8812: 8807: 8803: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8613: 8607: 8602: 8598: 8591: 8587: 8584: 8581: 8577: 8574: 8571: 8567: 8564: 8561: 8557: 8554: 8551: 8547: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8539: 8535: 8532: 8528: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8503: 8500: 8496: 8489: 8484: 8482: 8477: 8475: 8470: 8469: 8466: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8436: 8432: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8410:Orange-Nassau 8408: 8406: 8403: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8397:Great Britain 8394: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8377: 8374: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8360:Ó Conchobhair 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8241: 8239: 8237: 8233: 8227: 8226:Ó Conchobhair 8224: 8222: 8221:Mac Lochlainn 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8153: 8151: 8149: 8145: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8102: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8015: 8013: 8009: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7977: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7902: 7900: 7898: 7894: 7890: 7883: 7878: 7876: 7871: 7869: 7864: 7863: 7860: 7850: 7844: 7843:House of York 7838: 7834: 7833:House of York 7825: 7824: 7818: 7813: 7812: 7804:(senior line) 7802: 7796: 7792: 7783: 7779: 7778: 7774: 7767: 7761: 7757: 7752: 7751: 7745: 7739: 7736: 7735: 7724: 7718: 7714: 7709: 7705: 7703:0-7126-6674-5 7699: 7695: 7690: 7686: 7678: 7674: 7670: 7669: 7663: 7659: 7651: 7647: 7643: 7642: 7636: 7632: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7615: 7609: 7605: 7603:0-00-686084-2 7599: 7595: 7591: 7590:Tuck, Anthony 7587: 7583: 7581:0-521-37950-4 7577: 7573: 7568: 7564: 7556: 7552: 7548: 7547: 7541: 7537: 7535:0-86299-290-7 7531: 7527: 7522: 7518: 7512: 7508: 7503: 7499: 7497:0-563-53483-4 7493: 7489: 7484: 7480: 7478:0-300-07003-9 7474: 7469: 7468: 7462: 7458: 7454: 7452:0-900455-25-X 7448: 7444: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7409:. Continuum. 7408: 7403: 7399: 7393: 7389: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7371: 7367: 7362: 7358: 7356:1-84383-189-9 7352: 7348: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7326: 7322: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7305: 7299: 7295: 7289: 7285: 7284: 7278: 7274: 7268: 7264: 7259: 7255: 7253:9780300114232 7249: 7245: 7240: 7236: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7219: 7213: 7209: 7201: 7197: 7193: 7192: 7186: 7182: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7165: 7159: 7155: 7147: 7143: 7139: 7138: 7132: 7128: 7126:0-415-05264-5 7122: 7118: 7113: 7109: 7103: 7098: 7097: 7090: 7086: 7084:0-236-30812-2 7080: 7076: 7071: 7067: 7065:0-19-280209-7 7061: 7057: 7052: 7048: 7046:0-333-76370-X 7042: 7039:. MacMillan. 7038: 7033: 7029: 7027:0-7126-6633-8 7023: 7019: 7014: 7010: 7004: 7000: 6995: 6991: 6989:0-19-820622-4 6985: 6981: 6976: 6972: 6964: 6960: 6956: 6955: 6949: 6945: 6939: 6932: 6930:0-7232-2096-4 6926: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6904: 6900: 6895: 6891: 6885: 6882:. Macmillan. 6881: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6852: 6846: 6845: 6830: 6821: 6812: 6805: 6800: 6793: 6788: 6781: 6776: 6769: 6764: 6762: 6760: 6753:, p. 82. 6752: 6747: 6745: 6737: 6732: 6726:, p. 99. 6725: 6720: 6714:, p. 97. 6713: 6708: 6702:, p. 95. 6701: 6696: 6694: 6687:, p. 92. 6686: 6681: 6679: 6672:, p. 91. 6671: 6666: 6660:, p. 94. 6659: 6654: 6648:, p. 89. 6647: 6642: 6635: 6630: 6624:, p. 87. 6623: 6618: 6616: 6609:, p. 85. 6608: 6603: 6597:, p. 84. 6596: 6591: 6585:, p. 81. 6584: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6564:, p. 86. 6563: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6547:, p. 78. 6546: 6541: 6539: 6537: 6530:, p. 77. 6529: 6524: 6522: 6515:, p. 33. 6514: 6509: 6507: 6500:, p. 32. 6499: 6494: 6492: 6483: 6479: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6456: 6454:1-85605-469-1 6450: 6446: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6424: 6419: 6413:, p. 124 6412: 6407: 6400: 6395: 6389: 6383: 6377: 6371: 6364: 6359: 6352: 6347: 6341: 6336: 6329: 6324: 6317: 6312: 6305: 6300: 6293: 6288: 6281: 6276: 6269: 6264: 6258:, p. 148 6257: 6252: 6246:, p. 100 6245: 6240: 6234:, p. 103 6233: 6228: 6222:, p. 509 6221: 6216: 6210:, p. 507 6209: 6204: 6198:, p. 506 6197: 6192: 6186:, p. 508 6185: 6180: 6174:, p. 134 6173: 6168: 6161: 6156: 6149: 6144: 6138:, p. 57. 6137: 6132: 6126:, p. 257 6125: 6120: 6114:, p. 38. 6113: 6108: 6101: 6097: 6092: 6086:, p. 159 6085: 6080: 6074:, p. 111 6073: 6068: 6061: 6056: 6050:, p. 156 6049: 6044: 6037: 6032: 6025: 6020: 6013: 6008: 6002:, p. 266 6001: 5996: 5990:, p. 172 5989: 5985: 5980: 5973: 5968: 5961: 5960:Harriss 2004b 5956: 5949: 5945: 5944:Harriss 2004b 5940: 5933: 5928: 5921: 5916: 5910: 5905: 5898: 5897:Harriss 2004a 5893: 5887:, p. 265 5886: 5881: 5874: 5869: 5862: 5857: 5851:, p. 133 5850: 5845: 5843: 5836:, p. 130 5835: 5830: 5828: 5821:, p. 293 5820: 5815: 5808: 5803: 5796: 5791: 5784: 5779: 5772: 5767: 5761:, p. 235 5760: 5755: 5748: 5747:Mortimer 2012 5743: 5737:, p. 297 5736: 5735:Mortimer 2012 5731: 5724: 5719: 5712: 5707: 5700: 5695: 5689: 5684: 5682: 5674: 5669: 5662: 5657: 5650: 5645: 5638: 5633: 5627:, p. 252 5626: 5625:McKisack 1959 5621: 5614: 5609: 5602: 5597: 5590: 5585: 5578: 5573: 5566: 5561: 5555:, p. 471 5554: 5549: 5547: 5539: 5534: 5527: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5511:, p. 115 5510: 5506: 5501: 5495:, p. 422 5494: 5489: 5483:, p. 381 5482: 5477: 5471:, p. 400 5470: 5465: 5463: 5456:, p. 390 5455: 5450: 5443: 5438: 5432:, p. 363 5431: 5426: 5419: 5414: 5407: 5402: 5396:, p. 371 5395: 5390: 5388: 5380: 5375: 5373: 5368: 5356: 5350: 5343: 5337: 5333: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5290: 5289:Quia Emptores 5286: 5285: 5272: 5267: 5260: 5255: 5248: 5243: 5236: 5231: 5224: 5219: 5212: 5207: 5200: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5126: 5116: 5109: 5106: 5105:; 1486–1503. 5104: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5088: 5082: 5077: 5069: 5068: 5067: 5061: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5047: 5039: 5033: 5028: 5006: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4976: 4970: 4962: 4960: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4937: 4932: 4926: 4921: 4899: 4892: 4890: 4885: 4882: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4841: 4840:John Beaufort 4835: 4813: 4806: 4803: 4799: 4798:Alice Holland 4795: 4792:Daughter of: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4780: 4774: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4755: 4749: 4748:John Beaufort 4743: 4738: 4716: 4666: 4665: 4655: 4654: 4651: 4644: 4642: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4625: 4617: 4595: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4551: 4546: 4538: 4530: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4516: 4507: 4485: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4445: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4418: 4409: 4387: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4363: 4355: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4335: 4327: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4307: 4299: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4277: 4269: 4247: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4218: 4210: 4202: 4198: 4197:Joan FitzAlan 4194: 4191:Daughter of: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4180: 4179:Mary de Bohun 4172: 4164: 4162: 4157: 4155: 4154:France Ancien 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4136:In 1376, the 4133: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4121: 4118: 4113: 4106: 4101: 4079: 4071: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4052: 4046: 4041: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4021: 4013: 4005: 4004: 4003: 3996: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3986: 3980: 3979:John Beaufort 3974: 3969: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3950: 3949: 3944: 3936: 3930: 3925: 3903: 3853: 3852: 3842: 3841: 3838: 3831: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3817: 3809: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3779: 3771: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3752:Daughter of: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3741: 3733: 3725: 3724: 3723: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3706: 3700: 3699:John of Gaunt 3694: 3689: 3667: 3664: 3657: 3656:Maud Chaworth 3653: 3651: 3648: 3643: 3635: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3616: 3608: 3599: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3585: 3577: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3557: 3549: 3527: 3524: 3517: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3488: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3465: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3446: 3441: 3438: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3399: 3394: 3391: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3349:France ancien 3346: 3343: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3327:John of Gaunt 3324: 3323: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3309: 3302: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3276: 3268: 3264: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3241:Coats of Arms 3231: 3226: 3217: 3206: 3194: 3192: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3150: 3139: 3138: 3137:King Henry VI 3128: 3114: 3112: 3084: 3082: 3070: 3069: 3064: 3053: 3050:John Beaufort 3039: 3037: 3034: 3012: 3010: 2982: 2980: 2968: 2967: 2966:King Henry IV 2962: 2951: 2937: 2934: 2929: 2922: 2918: 2916: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2870:John of Gaunt 2859: 2857: 2844: 2832: 2829: 2820: 2803: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785:(c.1310–1361) 2783: 2782: 2778: 2751: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2720: 2718: 2690: 2688: 2683: 2682: 2670: 2669: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2635: 2634: 2627: 2619: 2604: 2602: 2597: 2596: 2577: 2576:King Edward I 2573: 2571: 2568: 2554: 2551: 2543: 2542: 2527: 2519: 2514: 2512: 2500: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2472: 2466: 2461: 2459: 2453:22 April 1445 2451: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2425: 2421: 2419: 2418: 2414: 2413: 2407: 2403: 2398: 2396: 2388: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2378:Mary de Bohun 2375: 2370: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326:20 March 1413 2325: 2319: 2315: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2280: 2276: 2275:Mary de Bohun 2272: 2270: 2266: 2265:John of Gaunt 2261: 2256: 2253: 2249: 2247: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2172: 2163: 2156: 2148: 2137: 2133: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2096: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2079: 2065: 2061: 2060:Staffordshire 2057: 2052: 2048: 2046: 2036: 2030: 2022: 2021:John of Gaunt 2019: 2017: 2012: 2008: 2003: 2000: 1996: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971:23 March 1361 1970: 1968: 1964: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1946: 1945:Monmouthshire 1942: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1881: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1859: 1858:Monmouthshire 1855: 1850: 1843: 1839: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1817: 1813:22 March 1322 1812: 1805: 1803: 1799: 1794: 1793:Monmouthshire 1790: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1767: 1762: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1733: 1724: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1701: 1697: 1695: 1694: 1690: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1664: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1573: 1569: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1513: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1504:Norman Davies 1497: 1496: 1492: 1490: 1489: 1485: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1469: 1468: 1464: 1462: 1461: 1457: 1455: 1454: 1450: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1422:history plays 1417: 1412: 1411: 1402: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1318: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1299:Act of Accord 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1243: 1235: 1231: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1171: 1166: 1162: 1155: 1151: 1145: 1144:House of York 1141: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1018:Owain Glyndŵr 1015: 1011: 1007: 1006:Thomas Becket 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 970: 968: 964: 963:House of York 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 902:John of Gaunt 898: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 859: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 807: 805: 804:Low Countries 801: 797: 793: 788: 784: 783:Monmouthshire 780: 776: 764: 759: 757: 752: 750: 745: 744: 742: 741: 736: 733: 732: 731: 730: 727: 722: 721: 716: 713: 712: 711: 710: 707: 702: 701: 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85: 83: 79: 75: 74: 72: 68: 65: 62: 58: 52: 43: 38: 33: 30: 26: 22: 8600: 8355:Mac Carthaig 8329:Uí Dúnlainge 8284:Uí Fiachrach 8211:Mac Murchada 8171:Corcu Loígde 7984: 7848: 7820: 7808: 7781: 7773:Ruling house 7771: 7755: 7748: 7712: 7693: 7666: 7639: 7612: 7593: 7571: 7544: 7525: 7506: 7487: 7466: 7442: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7406: 7387: 7384:McKisack, M. 7365: 7346: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7302: 7281: 7262: 7243: 7216: 7189: 7162: 7135: 7116: 7095: 7074: 7055: 7036: 7017: 6998: 6979: 6952: 6920: 6898: 6879: 6849: 6841:Bibliography 6829: 6820: 6811: 6799: 6787: 6775: 6731: 6719: 6707: 6665: 6653: 6641: 6629: 6602: 6590: 6481: 6444: 6418: 6406: 6399:Walker 2004a 6394: 6382: 6370: 6363:Walker 2004b 6358: 6346: 6335: 6323: 6318:, p. 94 6311: 6299: 6294:, p. 94 6287: 6280:Allmand 2010 6275: 6263: 6251: 6239: 6227: 6215: 6203: 6191: 6179: 6167: 6160:Goodman 1981 6155: 6150:, p. 1. 6148:Goodman 1981 6143: 6136:Goodman 1981 6131: 6119: 6112:Goodman 1981 6107: 6102:, p. 31 6100:Goodman 1981 6096:Goodman 1981 6091: 6079: 6072:Crofton 2007 6067: 6060:Crofton 2007 6055: 6043: 6031: 6026:, p. 44 6019: 6007: 5995: 5979: 5967: 5955: 5939: 5927: 5915: 5904: 5892: 5880: 5868: 5856: 5814: 5802: 5797:, p. 49 5790: 5783:Swanson 1995 5778: 5766: 5754: 5742: 5730: 5718: 5706: 5694: 5668: 5656: 5644: 5632: 5620: 5615:, p. 61 5608: 5596: 5584: 5579:, p. 34 5572: 5567:, p. 30 5560: 5540:, p. 26 5533: 5528:, p. 77 5500: 5488: 5476: 5449: 5437: 5425: 5420:, p. 40 5413: 5401: 5381:, p. 75 5355:label ermine 5354: 5349: 5341: 5336: 5155: 5128: 5114: 5107: 5100: 5094: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5052: 5051: 5048: 4997: 4988:Son of: Sir 4983: 4975:Edmund Tudor 4957:Married to: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4942: 4941: 4938: 4887:Married to: 4886: 4883: 4880: 4873: 4848: 4804: 4801: 4787: 4760: 4759: 4756: 4649: 4638: 4632: 4586: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4528: 4522: 4468: 4465: 4451: 4424: 4370: 4342: 4314: 4286: 4238: 4224: 4200: 4186: 4160: 4158: 4153: 4149: 4141: 4135: 4128: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4069: 4059: 4028: 4000: 3998: 3991: 3990: 3987: 3955: 3954: 3951: 3947: 3946: 3836: 3829: 3823: 3799: 3785: 3761: 3747: 3720: 3718: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3662: 3649: 3622: 3591: 3564: 3522: 3515: 3505: 3497: 3489: 3477: 3469: 3457: 3436: 3426: 3418: 3410: 3389: 3379: 3371: 3362: 3352: 3344: 3333:grandson of 3320: 3311: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3210: 3152: 3143: 3136: 3068:King Henry V 3066: 3062: 3032: 2964: 2960: 2876: 2872: 2842: 2780: 2776: 2740: 2680: 2667: 2594: 2566: 2415: 2352: 2323:no children 2282:20 July 1380 2257:3 April 1367 2243: 2169: 2114:6 March 1340 2098: 2044: 2014:daughter of 2011:Lincolnshire 1990: 1921: 1879: 1833: 1769: 1691: 1631: 1615:Eton College 1595: 1576: 1545:Edmund Tudor 1538: 1520:Lancastrian 1519: 1507: 1501: 1493: 1486: 1479: 1472: 1465: 1458: 1451: 1444: 1419: 1408: 1405: 1380: 1319: 1277:. Historian 1271: 1247: 1227: 1193: 1174: 1157: 1106: 1059: 1026: 1016:. In Wales, 996:, supported 982:Percy family 971: 939:heir general 927: 918:Conwy Castle 899: 867:Black Prince 860: 827:Comte d'Isle 808: 787:martial arts 772: 630: 515: 467: 432: 408:Earl Ferrers 377: 360:Eton College 325: 286: 235:created the 225:cadet branch 220: 218: 207: 199: 139:Current head 60:Parent house 55:Second house 29: 9050:Stoke Field 8975:Ferrybridge 8950:Northampton 8930:Blore Heath 8576:Richard III 8530:Key figures 8521:Family tree 8435:Isle of Man 8382:Ó Domhnaill 8345:Dalcassians 8319:Glendamnach 8274:Dál nAraidi 8249:Síl Conairi 8045:Northumbria 8030:Strathclyde 7975:Plantagenet 7940:Northumbria 7750:Royal house 7715:. Vintage. 7696:. Pimlico. 7461:Saul, Nigel 7020:. Pimlico. 7001:. Quercus. 6388:Palmer 1974 6330:, p. 4 6328:Brewer 2012 6282:, p. 1 6232:Belsey 1992 6220:Davies 1999 6208:Davies 1999 6196:Davies 1999 6184:Davies 1999 6084:Storey 1986 6012:Castor 2000 6000:Schama 2000 5920:Davies 1999 5885:Schama 2000 5873:Davies 1997 5861:Schama 2000 5819:Davies 1995 5673:Fowler 1969 5661:Fowler 1969 5649:Fowler 1969 5637:Fowler 1969 5613:Fowler 1969 5601:Fowler 1969 5589:Fowler 1969 5577:Fowler 1969 5565:Fowler 1969 5538:Fowler 1969 5481:Davies 1999 5141:during the 5038:Henry Tudor 4875:(Beauchamp) 4123:Changed to 3253:transcluded 3228:(1453–1471) 3208:(1457–1509) 3141:(1421–1471) 3130:(1443–1509) 3072:(1386–1422) 3055:(1404–1444) 2970:(1367–1413) 2953:(1371–1410) 2890:(1345–1368) 2881:(1340–1399) 2753:(1312–1377) 2685:(1281–1345) 2672:(1278–1322) 2652:(1284–1327) 2599:(1245–1296) 2579:(1239–1307) 2502:(1207–1272) 2482:Family tree 2462:21 May 1471 2390:2 June 1420 2329:Westminster 2232:Marriage(s) 2090:Marriage(s) 2064:Black Death 2045:Bolingbroke 2024:19 May 1359 1985:aged 50–51 1982:Black Death 1916:aged 63–64 1880:of Grosmont 1828:aged 43–44 1810:0 children 1754:5 June 1296 1683:Marriage(s) 1607:Bridgettine 1579:John Twenge 1549:Richard III 1526:Henry Tudor 1495:Richard III 1234:Henry Payne 1209:Great Slump 1120:Joan of Arc 368:Shakespeare 348:Henry Tudor 171:Dissolution 147:Final ruler 46:First house 9148:Categories 9025:Tewkesbury 8791:Owen Tudor 8516:Tudor rose 8376:FitzGerald 8309:Eóganachta 8196:Ó Domhnail 7852:1470–1471 7827:1399–1461 7815:1399–1422 7785:1422–1453 7687:required.) 7660:required.) 7633:required.) 7565:required.) 7516:1852850868 7467:Richard II 7375:0198223447 7323:required.) 7237:required.) 7210:required.) 7183:required.) 7156:required.) 7107:095068824X 6973:required.) 6889:0333549023 6870:required.) 6340:Lloyd 2004 6024:Hicks 2010 5553:Jones 2012 5505:Waugh 2004 5493:Jones 2012 5469:Jones 2012 5454:Jones 2012 5442:Jones 2012 5430:Jones 2012 5394:Jones 2012 5364:References 5166:Tudor Rose 5158:Tudor Rose 5123:See also: 5091:1466–1503 5045:1457–1509 4990:Owen Tudor 4980:1430–1456 4935:1443–1509 4870:1406–1482 4845:1403–1444 4784:1385–1439 4753:1373–1410 4656:Colour key 4629:1453–1471 4549:1430–1482 4519:1421–1471 4471:Owen Tudor 4458:Charles VI 4448:1401–1437 4421:1386–1422 4367:1390–1447 4339:1389–1435 4311:1387–1421 4283:1386–1422 4231:Charles II 4221:1370–1437 4183:1370–1394 4116:1366–1413 4056:1377–1426 4025:1374–1447 3984:1373–1410 3942:1366–1413 3843:Colour key 3820:1350–1403 3782:1354–1394 3744:1345–1369 3704:1340–1399 3646:1310–1361 3619:1281–1345 3588:1278–1322 3561:1245–1296 3273:See also: 2167:4 children 2152:2 children 2141:7 children 2026:7 children 1960:2 children 1875:7 children 1816:Pontefract 1737:4 children 1728:0 children 1658:based his 1656:John Gower 1654:purposes. 1652:propaganda 1603:Carthusian 1599:Syon Abbey 1516:Succession 1446:Richard II 1430:Henry VIII 1424:runs from 1410:Richard II 1148:See also: 1070:chevauchée 937:, was the 910:Richard II 863:Winchelsea 848:Lancashire 844:palatinate 792:parliament 557:See also: 474:coronation 282:Edward III 181:Deposition 8960:Wakefield 8601:Lancaster 8586:Henry VII 8556:Edward IV 8453:Somhairle 8324:Raithlind 8289:Uí Briúin 8279:Connachta 8181:Connachta 8161:Dál Riata 8133:Mathrafal 8113:Aberffraw 8095:Somhairle 7985:Lancaster 7955:Knýtlinga 7436:: 253–61. 7340:: 128–32. 6919:(1978) , 6411:Weir 2008 6351:Weir 2008 6292:Weir 1995 6268:Weir 2008 6256:Weir 2008 6244:Weir 2008 6172:Weir 2008 6124:Weir 1995 6048:Mate 2006 6036:Weir 1995 5988:Weir 1995 5984:Weir 1995 5972:Weir 1995 5948:Weir 1995 5932:Weir 1995 5849:Weir 2008 5834:Weir 2008 5795:Weir 1995 5759:Weir 1995 5723:Tuck 2004 5711:Saul 1997 5699:Weir 1995 5526:Weir 2008 5418:Weir 1995 5379:Weir 2008 5188:uses the 5180:uses the 5172:uses the 5151:Henry VII 5103:Henry VII 3365:Charles V 3283:Armoiries 2143:See above 2043:Henry IV 1820:Yorkshire 1674:Earl/Duke 1640:panegyric 1611:Celestine 1530:Beauforts 1438:King Lear 1426:King John 1216:brothers 1213:Jack Cade 1104:in 1422. 1102:Vincennes 1068:, made a 1035:in 1422. 947:heir male 823:Aquitaine 459:Salisbury 392:attainder 352:Beauforts 274:Edward II 253:attainder 163:Estate(s) 9133:Category 9059:See also 8940:Sandwich 8566:Edward V 8546:Henry VI 8538:Monarchs 8443:Uí Ímair 8378:(Norman) 8372:(Norman) 8365:Ó Ruairc 8350:Ó Briain 8334:Uí Ímair 8294:Uí Néill 8216:Ó Briain 8186:Uí Néill 8060:Galloway 8055:Uí Ímair 8050:Bernicia 8012:Scotland 7965:Normandy 7945:Uí Ímair 7930:Bernicia 7592:(2004). 7463:(1997). 7386:(1959). 7332:1347'". 6938:citation 6480:(1861). 5807:Lee 1997 5509:Lee 1997 5282:See also 5182:shamrock 5170:Scotland 4515:Henry VI 4112:Henry IV 3367: : 2405:aged 35 2374:Henry IV 2345:Edward I 2336:aged 45 2226:Portrait 2209:aged 58 2180:Cardinal 2121:Flanders 2084:Portrait 1764:aged 51 1677:Portrait 1587:Lollards 1066:Harfleur 1033:Henry VI 978:epilepsy 953:married 819:Flanders 815:Brittany 779:Grosmont 725:Henry VI 715:Henry VI 660:Henry IV 522:Mortimer 344:Philippa 340:cognatic 321:Henry VI 313:Henry IV 9000:Edgcote 8985:Piltown 8955:Worksop 8425:Windsor 8415:Hanover 8387:Ó Néill 8336:(Norse) 8314:Chaisil 8269:Cruthin 8264:Osraige 8259:Dáirine 8201:Ó Néill 8148:Ireland 8128:Gwynedd 8123:Dinefwr 8118:Cunedda 8090:Stewart 8080:Balliol 8065:Dunkeld 7980:Angevin 7910:Wuffing 7897:England 7775:of the 7490:. BBC. 5178:Ireland 5174:thistle 5017:Blazon 4910:Blazon 4824:Blazon 4727:Blazon 4606:Blazon 4496:Blazon 4417:Henry V 4398:Blazon 4258:Blazon 4146:Trinity 4090:Blazon 3914:Blazon 3678:Blazon 3538:Blazon 3510:England 3482:England 3431:England 3384:England 3357:England 3267:history 3265:| 2468:aged 49 2455:one son 2437:Henry V 2435:son of 2392:one son 2372:son of 2263:son of 2124:son of 1948:son of 1861:son of 1796:son of 1761:Gascony 1757:Bayonne 1711:son of 1509:Henry V 1467:Henry V 1090:Dauphin 1029:Henry V 974:leprosy 875:Prussia 871:crusade 856:Chester 829:at the 705:Henry V 455:Lincoln 317:Henry V 166:England 142:Extinct 123:Founder 113: ( 105:Founded 92:Kingdom 70:Country 9020:Barnet 8995:Hexham 8980:Towton 8913:Events 8448:Crovan 8405:Stuart 8244:Laigin 8176:Laigin 8166:Érainn 8075:Sverre 8025:Óengus 8020:Fergus 8002:Stuart 7960:Godwin 7950:Wessex 7920:Sussex 7905:Mercia 7719: 7700: 7681: 7654: 7627: 7600: 7578: 7559: 7532: 7513: 7494: 7475: 7449: 7413: 7394: 7372: 7353: 7330:versus 7317: 7290: 7269: 7250: 7231: 7204: 7177: 7150: 7123: 7104: 7081: 7062: 7043: 7024: 7005: 6986: 6967: 6927: 6905: 6886: 6864: 6834:(101). 6451: 5184:, and 5020:Notes 4913:Notes 4827:Notes 4730:Notes 4700: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4676: 4670: 4643:1471. 4609:Notes 4499:Notes 4401:Notes 4261:Notes 4093:Notes 3917:Notes 3887: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3681:Notes 3541:Notes 2341:Edmund 2333:London 2238:Claim 2093:Death 1878:Henry 1708:London 1686:Death 1434:Hamlet 1369:Legacy 1285:, and 1244:in art 1203:, and 1168:wife, 1074:Calais 980:. The 891:plague 887:Rheims 852:Durham 451:Thomas 223:was a 96:France 8612:Tudor 8370:Burgh 8254:Ulaid 8156:Ulaid 8138:Tudor 8105:Wales 8085:Bruce 8070:Moray 8040:Alpin 7997:Tudor 7970:Blois 7935:Deira 7925:Essex 5329:Notes 5186:Wales 5139:badge 5063:See: 5014:Life 5011:Name 5008:Arms 4944:Azure 4907:Life 4904:Name 4901:Arms 4821:Life 4818:Name 4815:Arms 4724:Life 4721:Name 4718:Arms 4603:Life 4600:Name 4597:Arms 4513:King 4493:Life 4490:Name 4487:Arms 4415:King 4395:Life 4392:Name 4389:Arms 4255:Life 4252:Name 4249:Arms 4110:King 4087:Life 4084:Name 4081:Arms 3999:See: 3911:Life 3908:Name 3905:Arms 3719:See: 3675:Life 3672:Name 3669:Arms 3535:Life 3532:Name 3529:Arms 3255:from 2235:Death 2229:Birth 2117:Ghent 2087:Birth 1680:Birth 1258:Maine 893:, at 775:Henry 526:Neath 470:Henry 305:Henry 278:Henry 270:Henry 8806:York 7990:York 7915:Kent 7717:ISBN 7698:ISBN 7598:ISBN 7576:ISBN 7530:ISBN 7511:ISBN 7492:ISBN 7473:ISBN 7447:ISBN 7411:ISBN 7392:ISBN 7370:ISBN 7351:ISBN 7288:ISBN 7267:ISBN 7248:ISBN 7121:ISBN 7102:ISBN 7079:ISBN 7060:ISBN 7041:ISBN 7022:ISBN 7003:ISBN 6984:ISBN 6944:link 6925:ISBN 6903:ISBN 6884:ISBN 6449:ISBN 5190:leek 5129:The 4992:and 4579:René 3794:and 3263:edit 2439:and 2376:and 2312:(2) 2273:(1) 2267:and 2223:Name 2160:(3) 2145:(2) 2139:1359 2134:(1) 2128:and 2081:Duke 1958:1334 1938:1310 1865:and 1851:1281 1800:and 1786:1278 1730:(2) 1726:1269 1721:(1) 1715:and 1625:and 1617:and 1609:and 1436:and 1152:and 1142:and 976:and 520:and 457:and 427:Seal 362:and 219:The 115:1267 108:1267 7673:doi 7646:doi 7619:doi 7551:doi 7309:doi 7223:doi 7196:doi 7169:doi 7142:doi 6959:doi 6856:doi 5192:). 3288:Écu 1428:to 1072:to 873:in 781:in 94:of 9150:: 7432:. 7338:13 7336:. 6940:}} 6936:{{ 6758:^ 6743:^ 6692:^ 6677:^ 6614:^ 6569:^ 6552:^ 6535:^ 6520:^ 6505:^ 6490:^ 6463:^ 6429:^ 5946:; 5841:^ 5826:^ 5680:^ 5545:^ 5516:^ 5507:; 5461:^ 5386:^ 5371:^ 5301:, 5297:, 5176:, 4996:. 4585:. 4477:. 4464:. 4237:. 4199:. 4163:. 3798:. 3760:. 3600:. 3512:). 3484:). 3433:). 3386:). 3359:). 3347:( 3329:, 3259:. 3213:r. 3155:r. 3146:r. 3076:r. 2974:r. 2757:r. 2656:r. 2583:r. 2506:r. 2331:, 2204:, 2185:, 2119:, 2058:, 2009:, 1976:, 1943:, 1936:c. 1856:, 1818:, 1791:, 1784:c. 1759:, 1629:. 1605:, 1413:, 1238:c. 1236:, 1220:. 1000:, 897:. 284:. 8487:e 8480:t 8473:v 7881:e 7874:t 7867:v 7725:. 7706:. 7679:. 7675:: 7652:. 7648:: 7625:. 7621:: 7606:. 7584:. 7557:. 7553:: 7538:. 7519:. 7500:. 7481:. 7455:. 7434:8 7419:. 7400:. 7378:. 7359:. 7315:. 7311:: 7296:. 7275:. 7256:. 7229:. 7225:: 7202:. 7198:: 7175:. 7171:: 7148:. 7144:: 7129:. 7110:. 7087:. 7068:. 7049:. 7030:. 7011:. 6992:. 6965:. 6961:: 6946:) 6911:. 6892:. 6862:. 6858:: 6457:. 6365:. 5962:. 5899:. 5773:. 4571:é 4567:é 4563:é 4559:é 4555:é 3508:( 3504:) 3500:( 3496:) 3492:( 3480:( 3476:) 3472:( 3429:( 3425:) 3421:( 3382:( 3378:) 3374:( 3355:( 3351:) 3269:) 3261:( 1498:. 1232:( 762:e 755:t 748:v 117:) 27:.

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