365:"The 1700 Cascadia earthquake probably was such a giant. It likely broke at least 1,000 kilometers of the boundary between the subducting Juan de Fuca Plate and the overriding North America Plate—a rupture about as long as California, or about the length of Japan’s main island, Honshu. On the seaward half of the rupture, the plates probably lurched past one another by about 20 meters. The magnitude was probably in the range M 8.7-9.2."
287:"First Nations from Vancouver Island to Northern California describe the earthquake and tsunami in similar legends and artwork involving a life-and-death struggle between a thunderbird and a whale that caused the earth to shake violently and the seas to wash away their people and homes...he ancient quake and tsunami devastated the western shores of Vancouver Island and the eastern coast of Japan.
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333:. Moran "previously advised the Obama administration in the United States on climate policy issues headed the first research team into the Indian Ocean area following the Boxing Day earthquake and tsunami." According to Moran, the Boxing Day 2004 and 1700 earthquake and tsunamis were like "ripping open the earth’s zipper."
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The Ocean
Networks Canada "includes a 24-hour ocean monitoring program through a series of Internet connected cables." Scientists study Cascadia, Nankai, Barbados and Chile subduction zones the most because these are the most significant. The University of Victoria will be installing a specialized
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Moran says, "the Huu-ay-aht council was wise to accept the advice of its elders and build its new administration building high above
Pachena Bay because it’s only a matter of time before another devastating tsunami arrives." Although residents still live primarily in lower-lying areas, they are
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it developed and ratified on 28 April 2007. Under the new Huu-ay-aht First
Nations Constitution, the Huu-ay-aht Government will be expanded to seven members total: one elected chief-councillor, one appointed representative of the hereditary chiefs (see below) and five elected councillors.
316:"Right now the two plates are sort of stuck together... They’re locked, yet they are still moving toward each other. What’s happening is there’s a lot of stress building up. The stress builds up over hundreds of years and when it releases it releases in a megathrust earthquake."
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in 1996, a team of researchers linked the orphaned 1700 tsunami in Japan with a magnitude 9 earthquake and tsunami in North
America in a Trans-Pacific reunion. Scientists "dated the earthquake to the evening of January 26, 1700" and approximated its size as magnitude 9.
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evacuated to the administration building when a tsunami warning is issued; this is an interim step toward a longer-term plan which will eventually see the residents relocated to higher ground as well.
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Pachena Bay is home to the Huu-ay-aht First
Nations village of Anacla, "which aboriginal oral history says was devastated when an ancient earthquake convulsed the West Coast of North America."
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Satoko, Satake; Shimazaki, K.; Tsuji, Yoshinobu; Ueda, Kazue (1996). "Time and size of a giant earthquake in
Cascadia inferred from Japanese tsunami records of January 1700".
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passed the Maa-nulth First
Nations Final Agreement Act on Wednesday, 21 November 2007 and celebrated with the member-nations of the Maa-nulth Treaty Society that evening.
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The government has reserve lands in
Numukamis, Nuchaquis, Dochsupple, Sachsa, Sachawil, Kirkby Point, Hamilton Point, Haines Island, Keeshan (
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176:. The Huu-ay-aht and other member-nations of the Maa-nulth Treaty Society then officially entered in the sixth and final stage of the
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Atwater, Brian F.; Satoko, Musumi-Rokkaku; Kenji, Satake; Tsuji, Yoshinobu; Ueda, Kazue; Yamaguchi, David K. (2005),
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After the effective date of the Maa-nulth Treaty, the Huu-ay-aht government will be transformed according to the
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The new government will also have access to legislative authority over more than what is normally accorded to
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The Huu-ay-aht government consists of one chief-councillor and four councillors. The chief-councillor is the
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Under the sea floor in the
Cascadia subduction zone off the west coast of Vancouver Island, the
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491:"Earth will rip open like a zipper, expert says, when overdue Vancouver Island quake strikes"
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623:"Tree-ring evidence for an A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake in Washington and northern Oregon"
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By 1997 tree-ring dating had securely linked the giant 1700 North
American earthquake.
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594:"The Orphan Tsunami of 1700—Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America"
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joined with the Maa-nulth Treaty Society to sign the Maa-nulth Final Agreement in
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This oral tradition concurs with scientific research into the timing of the
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due to the articles of the Maa-nulth Final Agreement: land, governance,
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According to a 2005 United States Geological Survey (USGS) report,
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Alison Bird, a Victoria-area Natural Resources Canada seismologist
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516:"Monster earthquake threat looms over B.C. coastal communities"
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Jacoby, Gordon C.; Bunker, Daniel E.; Benson, Boyd E. (1997),
257:(singular). One of these leaders stands above the rest as the
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10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0999:TREFAA>2.3.CO;2
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First Nations band government in British Columbia, Canada
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and ratified the Maa-nulth Treaty on 28 July 2007. The
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348:In an article published in the scientific journal
329:ocean engineer Kate Moran heads the world-leading
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141:. The Huu-ay-aht is a member of the
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489:Meissner, Dirk (18 January 2015),
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160:On 8 April 2009, the federal
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192:and the councillors are
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71: • Legislature
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722:Ehattesaht First Nation
397:Nuu-chah-nulth language
227:and natural resources.
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133:on the west coast of
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762:Toquaht First Nation
310:North American Plate
162:Government of Canada
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558:1996Natur.379..246S
308:and overriding the
164:and the provincial
696:Nuu-chah-nulth-aht
521:2019-02-03 at the
450:"The Sarita River"
429:2007-06-13 at the
306:Juan de Fuca Plate
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190:head of government
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104:huuayaht.org
636:(11): 999,
194:legislators
127:Pachena Bay
829:Categories
655:19 January
607:19 January
502:19 January
437:References
247:chieftains
244:hereditary
202:government
184:Government
84:Huu-ay-aht
58:Government
341:radar at
198:executive
125:based on
90:Time zone
519:Archived
427:Archived
382:Bamfield
376:See also
368:—
319:—
290:—
255:Ha'wilth
225:taxation
802:Related
638:Bibcode
630:Geology
574:8305522
554:Bibcode
459:May 17,
251:Ha'wiih
232:Kiix?in
101:Website
80:Demonym
50:Capital
572:
546:Nature
370:USG nd
351:Nature
343:Tofino
221:Canada
53:Anacla
626:(PDF)
597:(PDF)
570:S2CID
121:is a
657:2015
609:2015
504:2015
461:2022
117:The
646:doi
601:USG
562:doi
550:379
219:in
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