1167:
1318:
1427:
1130:, several weeks following his retirement, Rickover "was invited to the Oval Office and decided to don his full dress uniform. He told me that he refused to take a seat, listened to the president ask him to be his special nuclear advisor, replied 'Mr. President, that is bullshit,' and then walked out." The Navy's official investigation of General Dynamics' Electric Boat division was ended shortly afterward. According to Theodore Rockwell, Rickover's Technical Director for more than 15 years, more than one source at that time stated that General Dynamics officials were bragging around Washington that they had "gotten Rickover."
1457:
1358:
1591:
1539:
1509:
614:
978:
irresponsible to avoid criticizing something which one knows to be wrong and dangerous for the Nation as a whole. I feel that every one who has a position of responsibility in this country and who can see and understand what is happening not only has the right, he has the obligation and the duty to speak. ... This is why I feel so strongly about education—about our failure to give our children as good an education as they deserve and need. ... It is my considered opinion that there is no problem that faces the
Congress or the country that is as important.
1553:
1472:
1525:
1442:
1099:
point where its weakness seriously threatened our future security. The navy's grave afflictions included loss of a strategic vision; loss of self-confidence, and morale; a prolonged starvation of resources, leaving vast shortfalls in capability to do the job; and too few ships to cover a sea so great, all resulting in cynicism, exhaustion, and an undercurrent of defeatism. The cult created by
Admiral Rickover was itself a major obstacle to recovery, entwining nearly all the issues of culture and policy within the navy.
742:, ordered a special selection board to sit. With some shuffling of feet it did what it had been ordered to do.... Ninety-five percent of Navy captains must retire regardless of how highly qualified because there are only vacancies for 5 percent of them to become admirals, and although vindictiveness has sometimes played a part in determining who shall fail of selection for promotion (thus also violating the system), never before or since have pressures from outside the Navy overturned this form of career-termination.
1486:
1567:
1150:
a captain, Rickover did not conceal his opinions, and many of the officers whom he regarded as unintelligent eventually rose to be admirals and were assigned to the
Pentagon. Rickover frequently found himself in bureaucratic combat with these senior naval officers, to the point that he almost missed becoming an admiral; two selection boards passed him over for promotion, and it took the intervention of the White House, U.S. Congress, and the Secretary of the Navy before he was promoted.
1397:
1585:
1503:
824:) in the history of the U.S. Navy that an officer with a career path other than an operational line officer achieved that rank. Because his responsibilities did not include direct command and control of combatant naval units, technically Rickover was appointed to the grade of admiral on the retired list so as to provide some clarity on this issue. This was also done to avoid affecting the maximum-authorized number of admirals (O-10) on the "active list."
51:
793:. He exercised tight control for the next three decades over the ships, technology, and personnel of the nuclear Navy, interviewing and approving or denying every prospective officer being considered for a nuclear ship. Over the course of Rickover's career, these personal interviews numbered in the tens of thousands; over 14,000 interviews were with recent college-graduates alone. The interviewees ranged from midshipmen and newly commissioned
901:
I am such a great exponent of stopping this whole nonsense of war. Unfortunately limits—attempts to limit war have always failed. The lesson of history is when a war starts every nation will ultimately use whatever weapon it has available. ... Every time you produce radiation, you produce something that has a certain half-life, in some cases for billions of years. ... It is important that we control these forces and try to eliminate them.
1391:
1352:
1345:
664:, and was the driving force for shifting the Navy's initial focus from applications on destroyers to submarines. Rickover's vision was not initially shared by his immediate superiors: he was recalled from Oak Ridge and assigned "advisory duties" with an office in an abandoned ladies' room in the Navy Building. He subsequently went around several layers of superior officers, and in 1947 went directly to the Chief of Naval Operations,
927:
1068:, both major nuclear ship contractors for the Navy. Secretary Lehman admonished him in a non-punitive letter and stated that Rickover's "fall from grace with these little trinkets should be viewed in the context of his enormous contributions to the Navy." Rickover released a statement through his lawyer saying his "conscience is clear" with respect to the gifts. "No gratuity or favor ever affected any decision I made." Senator
1638:
1046:. But Rickover was extremely bitter over the General Dynamics yard being paid hundreds of millions of dollars, and he lambasted both the settlement and Secretary Lehman. This was not Rickover's first clash with the defense industry; he was historically harsh in exacting high standards from defense contractors. It was later publicly announced by a former General Dynamics employee on
5367:
353:, which was a heavily Jewish neighborhood at the time, where Rickover's father continued work as a tailor. Rickover took his first paid job at age nine, earning three cents an hour (equivalent to $ 1.02 in 2023) for holding a light as his neighbor operated a machine. Later, he delivered groceries. He graduated from grammar school at 14.
1223:
Rickover is buried in
Section 5 at Arlington National Cemetery. His first wife Ruth is buried with him and the name of his second wife Eleonore is inscribed on his gravestone. Eleonore passed away on July 5, 2021, and was buried in Arlington Cemetery. Rickover is survived by Robert Rickover, his sole
1149:
Rickover has been called "the most famous and controversial admiral of his era." He was hyperactive, blunt, confrontational, insulting, and a workaholic, always demanding of others without regard for rank or position. Moreover, he had "little tolerance for mediocrity, none for stupidity." Even while
1103:
Secretary Lehman eventually attained enough political clout to enforce his decision to retire
Rickover. This was in part assisted by the admiral's nearly insubordinate stance against paying the General Dynamics submarine construction claims, as well as his advanced age and waning political leverage.
900:
I do not believe that nuclear power is worth it if it creates radiation. Then you might ask me why do I have nuclear powered ships. That is a necessary evil. I would sink them all. I am not proud of the part I played in it. I did it because it was necessary for the safety of this country. That's why
770:
of the AEC decided that the
Rickover-Westinghouse pressurized-water reactor was "the best choice for a reactor to demonstrate the production of electricity" with Rickover "having a going organization and a reactor project under way that now had no specific use to justify it." This was a reference to
732:
peers in the Navy’s engineer branch thought to get rid of him through failure of promotion above captain. This would entail automatic retirement at the thirty-year mark. But someone made the case to the U.S. Senate, charged by the
Constitution with formal confirmation of military promotions. In that
1210:
With the death of Adm. Rickover, the Navy and this nation have lost a dedicated officer of historic accomplishment. In his 63 years of service, Adm. Rickover took the concept of nuclear power from an idea to the present reality of more than 150 U.S. naval ships under nuclear power, with a record of
1153:
Rickover's military authority and congressional mandate were absolute with regard to the U.S. fleet's reactor operations, but his controlling personality was frequently a subject of internal Navy controversy. He was head of the Naval
Reactors branch, and thus responsible for signing off on a crew's
1059:
A Navy Ad Hoc
Gratuities Board determined that Rickover had received gifts from General Dynamics over a 16-year period valued at $ 67,628, including jewelry, furniture, exotic knives, and gifts that Rickover had in turn presented to politicians. Charges were investigated that gifts were provided by
868:
Rickover's stringent standards are largely credited with being responsible for the U.S. Navy's continuing record of zero reactor accidents (defined as the uncontrolled release of fission products to the environment resulting from damage to a reactor core). He made it a point to be aboard during the
848:
Historian
Francis Duncan, who for over eight years was granted generous access to diverse numbers and levels of witnesses—including U.S. presidents—as well as Rickover himself, came to the conclusion that the man was best understood with respect to a guiding principle that Rickover invoked foremost
827:
As head of Naval Reactors, Rickover's focus and responsibilities were dedicated to reactor safety rather than tactical or strategic submarine warfare training. However, this extreme focus was well known during Rickover's era as a potential hindrance to balancing operational priorities. One way that
1098:
One of my first orders of business as Secretary of the Navy would be to solve ... the Rickover problem. Rickover's legendary achievements were in the past. His present viselike grip on much of the navy was doing it much harm. I had sought the job because I believed the navy had deteriorated to the
916:
I do not have regrets. I believe I helped preserve the peace for this country. Why should I regret that? What I accomplished was approved by Congress—which represents our people. All of you live in safety from domestic enemies because of security from the police. Likewise, you live in safety from
273:
Rickover is known as the "Father of the Nuclear Navy," and his influence on the Navy and its warships was of such scope that he "may well go down in history as one of the Navy's most important officers." He served in a flag rank for nearly 30 years (1953 to 1982), ending his career as a four-star
717:, director of the Manhattan Project, Mills was anxious to have a very determined man involved. He knew that Rickover was "not too easy to get along with" and "not too popular," but in his judgement Rickover was the man on whom the Navy could depend "no matter what opposition he might encounter".
526:
stood out for Shanghai to protect American citizens and interests from the conflict between Chinese and Japanese forces. On September 25, Rickover was promoted to lieutenant commander, retroactive to July 1. In October, his designation as an engineering duty officer became effective, and he was
1271:
houses the departments of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Architecture, Ocean Engineering, and Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering. Rickover Center at Naval Nuclear Power Training Command is located at Joint Base Charleston, where Navy personnel begin their engineering training. In 2011, the
977:
There is no room here (in nuclear powerplant development) for lofty theories which do not work out in practice. We would not get anywhere if we had the loose, hazy thinking you encounter when you bring out the obvious failures of the American educational system. ... there are times when it is
895:
Given Rickover's single-minded focus on naval nuclear propulsion, design, and operations, it came as a surprise to many in 1982, near the end of his career, when he testified before the U.S. Congress that, were it up to him what to do with nuclear powered ships, he "would sink them all." At a
445:
Columbia was the first institution that encouraged me to think rather than memorize. My teachers were notable in that many had gained practical engineering experience outside the university and were able to share their experience with their students. I am grateful, among others, to Professors
1111:. Rickover was the actual man-in-charge during this specific performance test, and his actions and inactions were judged to have been the causal factor. On January 31, 1982, five weeks after his 82nd birthday, Rickover was forced to retire from the Navy after 63 years of service under 13
1104:
On July 27, 1981, Lehman was handed the final impetus for ending Rickover's career by way of an operational error on the admiral's part: a "moderate" loss of ship control and depth excursion while performing a submerged "crash back" maneuver during the sea trials of the newly constructed
991:(1962) was a scathing comparison of the educational systems of Switzerland and America. He argued that the higher standards of Swiss schools, including a longer school day and year, combined with an approach stressing student choice and academic specialization produced superior results.
873:
on March 28, 1979, Admiral Rickover was asked to testify before Congress in the general context of answering the question as to why naval nuclear propulsion had succeeded in achieving a record of zero reactor-accidents, as opposed to the dramatic one that had just taken place.
1081:
By the late 1970s, Rickover's position seemed stronger than it had ever been. Over many years, powerful friends on both the House and Senate Armed Services Committees ensured that he remained on active duty long after most other admirals had retired from their second careers.
746:
Regardless of the challenges faced in developing and operating brand-new technology, Rickover and the team did not disappoint: the result was a highly reliable nuclear reactor in a form-factor that would fit into a submarine hull with no more than a 28-foot (8.5 m)
653:) to develop a nuclear electric generating plant. Realizing the potential that nuclear energy held for the Navy, Rickover applied. Rickover was sent to Oak Ridge through the efforts of his wartime boss, Rear Admiral Earle Mills, who became the head of the Navy's
1154:
competence to operate the reactor safely, giving him the power to effectively remove a warship from active service, which he did on several occasions. The view became established that he sometimes exercised power to settle scores. Author and former submariner
987:(1959). In it, he stated that "education is the most important problem facing the United States today" and "only the massive upgrading of the scholastic standards of our schools will guarantee the future prosperity and freedom of the Republic." A second book,
1015:
In the early 1980s, structural welding flaws in submarines under construction were covered up by falsified inspection records, and the resulting scandal led to significant delays and expenses in the delivery of several submarines being built at the
1072:
of Wisconsin, a longtime supporter of Rickover, later publicly associated a debilitating stroke suffered by the admiral to his having been censured and "dragged through the mud by the very institution to which he rendered his invaluable service."
2981:
471:. While aboard S-48 he was addressed a letter of commendation from the Secretary of the Navy "for rescuing Augustin Pasis… from drowning at the Submarine Base, Coco, Solo, Canal Zone." While at the Office of the Inspector of Naval Material in
4791:
454:
service were advancing quickly, so he went to Washington and volunteered for submarine duty. His application was turned down due to his age, at that time 29 years. Fortunately for Rickover, he encountered his former commanding officer from
938:
When he was a child still living in Russian-occupied Poland, Rickover was not allowed to attend public schools because of his Jewish faith. Starting at the age of four, he attended a religious school where the teaching was solely from the
594:
Sharp-tongued Hyman Rickover spurred his men to exhaustion, ripped through red tape, drove contractors into rages. He went on making enemies, but by the end of the war he had won the rank of captain. He had also won a reputation as a man
538:
in the Philippines, and was transferred shortly thereafter to the Bureau of Engineering in Washington, D.C. Once there, he took up his duties as assistant chief of the Electrical section of the Bureau of Engineering on August 15, 1939.
1027:. The yard tried to pass on the vast cost overruns to the Navy, while Rickover demanded that the yard make good on its "shoddy" workmanship. The Navy settled with General Dynamics in 1981, paying out $ 634 million of $ 843 million in
1086:'s admiration for Rickover was shown by the fact that the title of Carter's autobiography was based on a question that Rickover had asked Carter when the latter was in the Navy ("Why Not The Best?"). However, Secretary of the Navy
737:
first went to sea, the Senate failed to give its usual perfunctory approval of the Navy admiral promotion list, and the press was outraged because Rickover's name was not on it. ... Ultimately an enlightened Secretary of the Navy,
1248:
since 1900 (there have been 16 more since). The submarine was launched on August 27, 1983, sponsored by his second wife Eleonore, commissioned on July 21, 1984, and deactivated on December 14, 2006. In 2015, the Navy announced a
917:
foreign enemies because our military keeps them from attacking us. Nuclear technology was already under development in other countries. My assigned responsibility was to develop our nuclear navy. I managed to accomplish this.
982:
Rickover believed that US standards of education were unacceptably low. His first book centered on education was a collection of essays calling for improved standards of education, particularly in math and science, entitled
955:. Following his formal education in the United States, Rickover developed a decades-long and outspoken interest in the educational standards of the US as being a national security issue, particularly as compared during the
1673:
for exceptional public service; the first in 1958, and the second 25 years later in 1983, becoming one of only three persons to be awarded more than one. In 1980, President Jimmy Carter presented Admiral Rickover with the
844:
such as Rickover. In keeping with Rickover's promotion to four-star admiral, those who were subsequently selected for assignment to Director, Naval Reactors are promoted to this same rank, but also on active duty status.
885:
U.S. submarines far outperformed the Soviet ones in the crucial area of stealth, and Rickover's obsessive fixation on safety and quality control gave the U.S. nuclear Navy a vastly superior safety record to the Soviet
5239:
911:
A few months later, following his retirement, Rickover spoke more specifically regarding the questions "Could you comment on your own responsibility in helping to create a nuclear navy? Do you have any regrets?":
804:
who sought command of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. The content of most of these interviews has been lost to history, though some were later chronicled in several books on Rickover's career, as well as in a
994:
Recognizing that "nurturing careers of excellence and leadership in science and technology in young scholars is an essential investment in the United States national and global future," Rickover founded the
429:
and further coursework at Columbia. At the latter institution, he met Ruth D. Masters, a graduate student in international law, whom he married in 1931 after she returned from her doctoral studies at the
3649:
3528:
1301:
294:
after their appointments. Rickover's total of 63 years of active duty service makes him the longest-serving naval officer, as well as the longest-serving member of the U.S armed forces in history.
3713:
1174:
On July 4, 1985, Admiral Rickover suffered what was described as a "serious" stroke, and was admitted to Bethesda Naval Hospital, thereafter dealing with partial paralysis in his right arm.
397:
on September 5, 1922. Rickover impressed his commanding officer with his hard work and efficiency, and was made engineer officer on June 21, 1923, becoming the youngest such officer in the
441:
Rickover had a high regard for the quality of the education he received at Columbia, as demonstrated in this excerpt from a speech he gave at the university some 52 years after attending:
2192:
5437:
2995:
5296:
3445:
2261:
Born to a Jewish family in a part of Poland under Russian rule in 1900, Rickover fled with his parents to the United States in 1905 in an effort to avoid Russian-instigated pogroms.
1219:"Most important," Admiral Watkins said, "he was a teacher. He set the standards. They were tough. That is the legacy and the challenge he left to all who study his contributions."
5442:
1686:"For engineering and demonstrative leadership in the development of safe and reliable nuclear power and its successful application to our national security and economic needs."
849:
for both himself and those who served in the U.S. Navy's nuclear propulsion program: "exercise of the concept of responsibility." This is further evidenced by Rickover listing
224:
2919:
3332:
5407:
713:
The original selection of Rickover as head of development of the nation's nuclear submarine program ultimately rested with Admiral Mills. According to Lieutenant General
446:
Morecroft, Hehre, and Arendt. Much of what I have subsequently learned and accomplished in engineering is based on the solid foundation of principles I learned from them.
5457:
1245:
828:
this was addressed after Rickover retired was that only the very strongest, former at-sea submarine commanders have held Rickover's now unique eight-year position as
668:, also a former submariner. Nimitz immediately understood the potential of nuclear propulsion in submarines and recommended the project to the Secretary of the Navy,
5278:
459:
while leaving the building, who interceded successfully on his behalf. From 1929 to 1933, Rickover qualified for submarine duty and command aboard the submarines
1693:
934:
and Rickover, White House, February 11, 1963 "...in addition to the multilateral POLARIS force, we discussed education and how he and I were brought up as boys."
621:, the world's first nuclear-powered vessel. "I did not recruit extraordinary people. I recruited people who had extraordinary potential—and then I trained them."
1986:
4428:
3658:
3537:
3285:
5422:
4128:
4000:
3618:
380:
Rickover's naval career began in 1918 at the Naval Academy; at this time, attending military academies was considered active duty service, due in part to
3702:
5452:
5412:
1718:
1193:, Secretary Lehman, senior naval officers, and about 1,000 other people in attendance. At the request of the admiral's widow, President Carter read
4237:
2719:
4058:"Navy freezes Contracts at General Dynamics : Firm Fined, Accused of Ignoring Public Trust; Rickover Censured for Accepting $ 67,000 in Gifts"
3431:
435:
3197:
2651:
5492:
5334:
2862:
2181:
2004:
3357:
584:
and gave him experience in directing large development programs, choosing talented technical people, and working closely with private industry.
5175:
5137:
5026:
4529:
3941:
2305:
5482:
5427:
5044:
4837:
3902:
2151:
2054:
PhD dissertation, "Commanding Men and Machines: Admiralship, Technology, and Ideology in the 20th Century U.S. Navy," Hagerott, Mark (2004)
1725:
1133:
On February 28, 1983, a post-retirement party honoring Admiral Rickover was attended by all three living former U.S. Presidents at the time:
877:
The accident-free record of United States Navy reactor operations stands in some very stark contrast to those of the Soviet Union, which had
906:
Economics of Defense Policy: Hearing before the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, 97th Cong., 2nd sess., Pt. 1 (1982)
5497:
5447:
5303:
1644:
254:. He directed the original development of naval nuclear propulsion and controlled its operations for three decades as director of the U.S.
3757:
3251:
2936:
1166:
345:. They joined Abraham, who had made earlier trips there beginning in 1897 to become established. Rickover's family lived initially on the
5487:
5472:
5432:
5402:
5332:
Image of Thurgood Marshall, Hyman Rickover and Newton Minow at convocation "Prospects for Democracy" at Beverly Hilton, California, 1963.
2580:
267:
4252:
5462:
4216:
1834:
1177:
Rickover died at his home in Arlington, Virginia, on July 8, 1986, at age 86. He was buried on July 11 in a small, private ceremony at
565:. In late 1944 he appealed for a transfer to an active command. He was sent to investigate inefficiencies at the naval supply depot at
5477:
4194:
1477:
4889:
4103:
3812:
3468:
3405:
2900:
4823:
3683:
1704:
3220:
1898:– documentary screened at the GI Film Festival in the District of Columbia on May 24, 2014, and broadcast on December 9, 2014, on
308:, his substantial legacy of technical achievements includes the United States Navy's continuing record of zero reactor accidents.
2419:
2055:
4413:
Feinman, Elisabeth Bumiller and Barbara. "Rickover at 83: Three-Gun Salute; Ex-Presidents Hail the Father of the Nuclear Navy".
3871:
5467:
4855:
1840:
1653:
In recognition of his wartime service, he was invested as an Honorary Commander of the Military Division of the Most Excellent
1065:
699:
691:
357:
4627:
3152:
2531:
1056:
that Rickover was right that General Dynamics was lying to the Navy, but by then Rickover's public image was already damaged.
5349:
5088:
3021:
2771:
2754:
2703:
2628:
2562:
2488:
2402:
2352:
1914:
1199:
1004:
739:
518:, and assumed what would be his only ship command with additional duty as Commander, Mine Division Three, Asiatic Fleet. The
5111:
4267:
2505:
1244:
was named for him. She was commissioned two years before his death, and was, at that time, one of only two Navy ships to be
5417:
4294:
3495:
2029:
1938:
5397:
4989:
4506:
2446:
590:
magazine featured him on the cover of its January 11, 1954 issue. The accompanying article described his wartime service:
5502:
5275:
841:
316:
Rickover was born Chaim Gdala Rykower to Abraham and Rachel/Ruchla Lea (nee Unger) Rykower, a Polish Jewish family from
4637:
4463:
4390:
4304:
4277:
4169:
3987:
3626:
2515:
2456:
2254:
2220:
2078:
1849:
996:
31:
4709:
3784:
5345:
4560:
3741:
3113:
2913:
2377:
2284:
1923:
763:
259:
4432:
3731:
3382:
702:'s Division of Reactor Development, and then assumed control of the Navy's effort within the AEC as Director of the
5214:
4915:
4744:
3289:
1365:
185:
4660:
Byrd, Lee (July 14, 1986). "He Was Tough, Harsh ... But He Is Embedded In My Mind And My Heart". Associated Press.
4136:
4008:
4696:
4672:
3657:. Second Annual Morgenthau Memorial Lecture. Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs. Archived from
1758:
1257:
1237:
1112:
816:
In 1973, though his role and responsibilities remained unchanged, Rickover was promoted to the rank of four-star
3825:
840:, all have held command of nuclear submarines, their squadrons and ocean fleets, but none have been a long-term
4726:
4601:
3135:
1966:
1770:
Hyman was a writer who penned several books about education and naval history. His major works are as follows:
1598:
1544:
1516:
17:
3845:
337:
Rickover made passage to New York City with his mother and sister in March 1906, fleeing anti-Semitic Russian
3789:(Speech). Annual Scientific Assembly of the Minnesota State Medical Association. St. Paul, MN. Archived from
2838:
2798:
1732:
1675:
1572:
1462:
1186:
1123:). According to Rickover, he first learned of his firing when his wife told him what she heard on the radio.
650:
291:
200:
786:
728:
in 1953. However, this was anything but routine, and occurred only after an extraordinary chain of events:
725:
869:
initial sea trial of almost every nuclear submarine completing its new-construction period. Following the
4057:
3314:
2723:
1654:
1317:
1268:
1178:
1028:
801:
566:
372:. Rickover was only a third alternate for appointment, but he passed the entrance exam and was accepted.
369:
360:
in Chicago and graduated with honors in 1918. He then held a full-time job as a telegraph boy delivering
216:
4084:
2644:
2244:
5357:
4963:
1961:
1558:
1323:
1284:
Good ideas are not adopted automatically. They must be driven into practice with courageous impatience.
1000:
870:
547:
519:
302:
109:
3513:
3350:
2870:
1795:
1700:
772:
695:
661:
580:
Later in the war, his service as head of the Electrical Section in the Bureau of Ships brought him a
558:
426:
305:
263:
5331:
5191:
5153:
4537:
3957:
2577:
2321:
1158:
referred to him as a "tyrant" with "no account of his gradually failing powers" in his later years.
4092:
Alleged fraud, waste, and abuse, 07/12/85. O'rourke, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division.
1670:
1621:
1250:
790:
392:
298:
195:
5048:
4380:
3918:
3562:
1426:
797:
destined for nuclear-powered submarines and surface combatants, to very senior combat-experienced
3813:
https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=uE0vAAAAMAAJ&rdid=book-uE0vAAAAMAAJ&rdot=1
2507:
A Lever Long Enough: A History of Columbia's School of Engineering and Applied Science Since 1864
2155:
1530:
1447:
817:
669:
562:
350:
247:
148:
1637:
1584:
1502:
645:, to develop a nuclear propulsion plant for destroyers. In 1946, an initiative was begun at the
274:
admiral. His years of service exceeded that of each of the U.S. Navy's five-star fleet admirals—
266:
used for generating electricity. Rickover is also one of four people who have been awarded two
4769:
3761:
3514:"Thoughts on Man's Purpose in Life | Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs"
3263:
2940:
2210:
1289:
878:
821:
673:
551:
418:
346:
5070:
4030:
3589:
2056:
http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/8525/umi-umd-5589.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
1450:(1949) (Conversion award from Letter of Commendation from the Secretary of the Army in 1946.)
1141:, and Carter, all formerly officers in the U.S. Navy. President Reagan was not in attendance.
2068:
574:
434:
in Paris. Shortly after marrying, Rickover wrote to his parents of his decision to become an
384:. On June 2, 1922, Rickover graduated 107th out of 540 midshipmen and was commissioned as an
3581:
2274:
1432:
5392:
5387:
3157:, Washington, DC: United States Government Priniting Office – via Stanford University
1090:
felt that Rickover was hindering the well-being of the navy. As Lehman stated in his book,
5297:"'Dinner & A Rickover Movie' with Ted Rockwell : Author of 'The Rickover Effect'"
4202:
3037:
2817:
2132:
1357:
1003:(formerly the Rickover Science Institute) in 1984, a summer science program hosted by the
679:, later caused Rickover to state that Sullivan was "the true father of the Nuclear Navy."
8:
1951:
1491:
1456:
1288:
Other things named in his honor include the Admiral Hyman Rickover Fellowship at M.I.T.,
1155:
1024:
613:
431:
422:
220:
3472:
3409:
3062:
2198:
from the original on October 9, 2022 – via The Center for Excellence in Education.
1956:
1590:
1538:
1508:
1390:
1351:
1344:
832:, the longest chartered tenure in the U.S. military. From Rickover's first replacement,
317:
89:
5004:
3466:
3228:
3193:
2597:
1682:
1678:, the United States' highest non-military honor, for his contributions to world peace.
837:
570:
502:
491:
408:
342:
287:
251:
204:
130:
2799:"Adm. Hyman C. Rickover | Distinguished Service Medal | The American Legion"
1038:
was partly motivated to seek the agreement in order to continue to focus on achieving
450:
Rickover preferred life on smaller ships, and he also knew that young officers in the
5341:
5183:
5145:
5084:
4633:
4556:
4459:
4386:
4300:
4273:
4165:
4062:
3983:
3949:
3910:
3879:
3737:
3582:
3425:
3252:"The Rickover Effect: Speed grads remember working with 'Father of the Nuclear Navy'"
3131:
3017:
2909:
2750:
2699:
2624:
2558:
2511:
2484:
2452:
2398:
2373:
2348:
2313:
2280:
2250:
2216:
2074:
1934:
1919:
1817:
1804:
1778:
1750:
833:
687:
665:
646:
626:
414:
283:
5257:
4867:
1552:
1300:
577:, and he subsequently spent some time helping to teach school to Okinawan children.
5371:
5076:
4863:
3980:
Against the Tide: Rickover's Leadership Principles and the Rise of the Nuclear Navy
3171:
3128:
The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made
2539:
1886:
1830:
1821:
1739:
1711:
1471:
1273:
1182:
1069:
1061:
1017:
775:
642:
634:
535:
505:
365:
275:
158:
3095:
5338:
5282:
5115:
4710:"Notable Graves – Prominent Military Figures – Section 5, Adm. Hyman G. Rickover"
4159:
1524:
1441:
1404:
952:
931:
767:
748:
683:
654:
586:
581:
398:
190:
2033:
3603:
Sieff, Martin (October 4, 2007). "BMD Focus: O'Reilly moves up – Part 1".
1858:
1855:
No Holds Barred: The Final Congressional Testimony of Admiral Hyman G. Rickover
1845:
1658:
1408:
1369:
1116:
829:
703:
608:
255:
165:
5381:
5187:
5149:
3953:
3914:
2584:
2317:
2107:
1754:
1485:
1190:
1134:
1120:
1043:
1039:
1020:
947:
798:
794:
779:
714:
498:. Rickover's translation became a basic text for the U.S. submarine service.
495:
385:
368:, a Czech Jewish immigrant. Sabath nominated Rickover for appointment to the
361:
4346:
3496:"Rickover and the Nuclear Navy: The Discipline of Technology|Hardcover"
1566:
672:. Sullivan's endorsement to build the world's first nuclear-powered vessel,
4480:
4321:
3790:
1895:
1882:
1808:
1782:
1681:
He also received 61 civilian awards and 15 honorary degrees, including the
1612:
1127:
1105:
1083:
1053:
960:
810:
543:
476:
472:
321:
175:
93:
5344:
Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections,
5240:"Admiral Hyman Rickover: a vintage television interview and some thoughts"
3827:
Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, USN: A Decade of Educational Criticism, 1955–64
3114:
The Shippingport Pressurized Water Reactor and Light Water Breeder Reactor
1280:
display for its Cold War exhibit, which featured the following quotation:
569:, then was appointed in July 1945 to command of a ship repair facility on
3940:
Alexander, Charles P.; Christopher Redman; John E. Yang (April 8, 1985).
3536:. New York: Council on Religion and International Affairs. Archived from
2962:
2578:
Utica Phoenix: "Voices of Polonia: Admiral Hyman Rickover" by Ted Rajchel
1862:
1396:
1194:
1138:
1087:
1035:
752:
638:
488:
381:
279:
72:"Father of the Nuclear Navy"; "The Kindly Old Gentleman," or simply "KOG"
4923:
2676:
1264:
in his honor. The submarine's christening took place on July 31, 2021.
4824:"July 6, 2021 - VIEW the Hyman G. Rickover (SSN 795) Saturday, July 31"
3939:
1878:
1048:
630:
561:
on January 1, 1942, and in late June of that year was made a temporary
405:
211:
2925:
from the original on October 9, 2022 – via Department of Energy.
766:, the first commercial pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant.
50:
999:
following his retirement in 1983. Additionally, Rickover founded the
854:
451:
389:
2720:"Salvage and repair of USS California, December 1941 – October 1942"
2279:(1. print. ed.). Annapolis, Md.: Naval Inst. Press. p. 4.
686:, the Nuclear Power Division reporting to Mills. He began work with
328:, meaning "life". He did not use his middle name Godalia (a form of
3872:"RSI 2017 Rickover Award | Center for Excellence in Education"
3849:
3333:"Hyman G. Rickover's Promotion to Admiral [H.A.S.C. 93-16]"
2982:"Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress"
1170:
Headstone of Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, Arlington National Cemetery
956:
926:
466:
330:
5080:
698:
for submarine propulsion. In February 1949 he was assigned to the
690:, the Oak Ridge director of research, to initiate and develop the
602:
2420:"This Cantankerous Engineer Built the United States Nuclear Navy"
771:
the first core used at Shippingport originating from a cancelled
706:
Branch. This twin role enabled him to lead the effort to develop
511:
460:
325:
4967:
4945:
4031:"A chronology of events in the controversy over General Dynamic"
3150:
2397:. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Press. p. 23.
324:. His parents changed his name to "Hyman" which is derived from
5027:"Carter Gives Medal of Freedom to His Mentor, Rickover, and 13"
4805:
1791:
1304:
The second of two Congressional Gold Medals awarded to Rickover
963:
941:
364:
telegrams, through which he became acquainted with Congressman
338:
3404:
Affairs, Tom Dougan, Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program Public.
1034:
cost overrun and reconstruction claims. Secretary of the Navy
5005:"Taylor receives third Congressional Gold Medal, May 5, 1848"
3467:
Tom Dougan, Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program Public Affairs.
2552:
806:
515:
5072:
Memorial Tributes: National Academy of Engineering, Volume 3
789:
in 1958, the same year that he was awarded the first of two
720:
While his team and industry were completing construction of
682:
Subsequently, Rickover became chief of a new section in the
4576:
Rickover and the Nuclear Navy: The Discipline of Technology
2984:. U.S. Government Printing Office – via Google Books.
1827:
Eminent Americans: Namesakes of the Polaris Submarine Fleet
3154:
Review of Naval Reactor Program and Admiral Rickover Award
881:. As stated in a retrospective analysis in October 2007:
334:), but he substituted "George" when at the Naval Academy.
5438:
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
4368:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 492, 493.
2863:"Rye resident writes biography / readings & signings"
2182:"Admiral Rickover brought the nuclear age to the US Navy"
1899:
759:
was launched and commissioned with this reactor in 1954.
4838:"Navy christens 2nd submarine in honor of Adm. Rickover"
4727:"An Admiral's Letters to His Son – U.S. Naval Institute"
3846:"The History of CEE: Center for Excellence in Education"
3446:"Pentagon Names Next Director of Naval Nuclear Reactors"
2557:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Pub. p. 29.
2005:"Nuclear-Power Plants Would Be Better the Rickover Way"
301:(EDO) in 1937 after serving as both a surface ship and
258:
office. In addition, he oversaw the development of the
5443:
Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire
3900:
969:
An example of his passion for education from his 1959
5355:
4990:"Admiral Hyman G. Rickover: Taking the Atom Undersea"
3901:
Van Voorst, Bruce; Thomas Evans (December 24, 1984).
550:
to organize repairs to the electrical power plant of
4856:"Technology for the Nuclear Age: Nuclear Propulsion"
4240:. September 23, 1986 – via washingtonpost.com.
3406:"Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program Change of Command"
3315:"Rickover, Creator of U.S. Nuclear Navy, Dies at 86"
2749:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Inst. Press. pp. 71–77.
2698:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Inst. Press. pp. 63–71.
2645:"Bureau of Navigation Bulletin No 159, 13 June 1931"
2553:
Domhoff, G. William; Richard L. Zweigenhaft (2006).
1181:. On July 14, memorial services were led by Admiral
375:
5408:
Emigrants from Congress Poland to the United States
5045:"The Enrico Fermi Award – H.G. Rickover, 1964"
4458:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 1.
3011:
2372:. Brooklyn, NY: John Wiley & Sons. p. 21.
2101:
2099:
2097:
973:in the context of comparative educational systems:
573:. Shortly thereafter, his command was destroyed by
5458:Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
4382:The Rickover Effect: How One Man Made a Difference
3351:"NASA/Navy Benchmarking Exchange (NNBE) Volume II"
2478:
1918:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974.
1885:(1984) with an excerpt from a 1957 interview with
1278:Technology for the Nuclear Age: Nuclear Propulsion
1206:Secretary of the Navy Lehman said in a statement:
4184:Carter, Why Not The Best? (introductory material)
1719:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
633:on the west coast, and was assigned to work with
5379:
4770:"Navy Names New Virginia-Class Attack Submarine"
3811:H. G. Rickover, "Report on Russia", US GPO 1959
3619:"Admiral Rickover's Final Testimony to Congress"
3063:"Hyman G. Rickover | United States admiral"
2347:. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Inst. Press. p. 7.
2246:Encyclopedia of American Immigration: Paper sons
2212:Notable Scientists from 1900 to the Present: N–S
2094:
660:Rickover became an early convert to the idea of
235:Ruth D. Masters (1931–1972 (her death); 1 child)
4269:Fall From Glory: The Men Who Sank the U.S. Navy
3700:
3584:Power at Sea, Vol 3: A Violent Peace, 1946–2006
1688:Some of the most notable other awards include:
1007:for high school seniors from around the world.
896:congressional hearing Rickover testified that:
603:Naval Reactors and the Atomic Energy Commission
2908:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
762:Later Rickover oversaw the development of the
542:On April 10, 1942, after America's entry into
438:, remaining so for the remainder of his life.
4946:"Admiral Hyman George Rickover Naval Academy"
4505:Hadden, Briton; Luce, Henry Robinson (1954).
4485:USS Hyman G. Rickover Commissioning Committee
4326:USS Hyman G. Rickover Commissioning Committee
3684:"Meeting with Vice Admiral Hyman G. Rickover"
3262:(2). University of Louisville. Archived from
3130:. New York: William Morrow. pp. 326–27.
3096:"Light Water Reactors Technology Development"
2815:
2112:USS Hyman G. Rickover Commissioning Committee
1788:Swiss Schools and Ours: Why Theirs Are Better
1726:National Electrical Manufacturers Association
1211:3,000 ship-years of accident-free operations.
237:Eleonore A. Bednowicz (1974–1986 (his death))
5423:United States Navy personnel of World War II
5002:
4378:
3710:John F. Kennedy Library Oral History Program
3430:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2980:Congress, United States (December 9, 1951).
2818:"Ross Gunn, May 12, 1897 – October 15, 1966"
2532:"History of NPS – Naval Postgraduate School"
1742:from the Western Society of Engineers (1970)
1645:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
1189:, with President Carter, Secretary of State
557:. Rickover had been promoted to the rank of
4292:
3701:Schlesinger Jr., Arthur (August 17, 1964).
2300:
2298:
2296:
2276:Rickover : the struggle for excellence
2066:
1010:
311:
4504:
4001:"Rickover's Attack on Defense Contractors"
3760:. Prairiefirenewspaper.com. Archived from
3703:"Hyman G. Rickover Oral History Interview"
2788:Polmar; Allen (1982). pp. 109–110; 671 pp.
2152:"Statement of Admiral F. L. "Skip" Bowman"
1933:. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2022.
522:had occurred ten days earlier. In August,
49:
4293:Allen, Thomas B.; Polmar, Norman (2017).
3166:
3164:
3151:Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (1959),
3116:", Westinghouse Report WAPD-T-3007, 1993.
3082:The Atomic Submarine and Admiral Rickover
3012:Groves, Leslie R.; Edward Teller (1983).
2937:"ORNL Review Vol. 25, Nos. 3 and 4, 2002"
2772:"Message to the Fleet: Go lead yourself!"
2770:Drennan, Lt Cmdr Jimmy (April 18, 2019).
2503:
2417:
2067:Allen, Thomas B.; Polmar, Norman (2007).
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
1931:Admiral Hyman Rickover: Engineer of Power
1912:Hewlett, Richard G., and Francis Duncan.
1332:
890:
625:In December 1945, Rickover was appointed
246:(January 27, 1900 – July 8, 1986) was an
5453:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
5413:American people of Polish-Jewish descent
4721:
4719:
4670:
4550:
4161:Why Not the Best?: The First Fifty Years
3782:
3729:
3647:
3309:
3307:
3196:. Cbsnews.com – CBS News. May 16, 2003.
3016:. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 388.
2979:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2618:
2479:Allen, Thomas B.; Norman Polmar (2007).
2367:
2293:
2242:
2146:
2144:
2142:
1835:United States Government Printing Office
1705:American Society of Mechanical Engineers
1433:Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal
1299:
1215:And the then-Chief of Naval Operations:
1165:
925:
612:
501:On 17 July 1937, he reported aboard the
5215:"Honorary Degree Recipients: 1945–2007"
5212:
4749:Advent Funeral & Cremation Services
4697:"A 'Teacher' Recalled at Rickover Rite"
4673:"A 'Teacher' Recalled at Rickover Rite"
4555:. Lincoln, NE: IUniverse. p. 155.
4265:
4250:
4226:– via Google News Archive Search.
3783:Rickover, Hyman George (May 14, 1957).
3648:Rickover, Hyman George (May 12, 1982).
3469:"Navy Gets New Nuclear Propulsion Boss"
3249:
3125:
2769:
2483:. Dulles, VA: Brassey's. p. xiii.
2175:
2173:
2030:"Admiral Hyman G. Rickover – Biography"
1746:Some of his honorary degrees included:
1669:Admiral Rickover was twice awarded the
1161:
724:, Rickover was promoted to the rank of
527:relieved of his three-month command of
14:
5493:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
5380:
4625:
4599:
4453:
4363:
4157:
4101:
3736:. Lincoln, NE: IUniverse. p. 20.
3161:
2898:
2744:
2693:
2623:. Lincoln, NE: IUniverse. p. 29.
2444:
2342:
2272:
2208:
2015:
1841:How the Battleship Maine Was Destroyed
1694:Columbia University Engineering School
1066:Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock
692:Oak Ridge School of Reactor Technology
358:John Marshall Metropolitan High School
5350:University of California, Los Angeles
4792:"ISC Wine to Christen Navy Submarine"
4716:
4699:Richard Halloran, The New York Times.
3823:
3719:from the original on October 9, 2022.
3602:
3526:
3304:
3200:from the original on October 18, 2012
3079:
2885:
2392:
2345:Rickover: the struggle for excellence
2139:
1957:President Jimmy Carter's naval career
1200:When I Consider How My Light is Spent
1005:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
921:
857:in his final-years paper and speech,
836:, to today's head of Naval Reactors,
5483:Oak Ridge National Laboratory people
5428:Converts to Anglicanism from Judaism
5276:Rickover: The Birth of Nuclear Power
4896:. Bebekim.wordpress. August 27, 2010
4659:
4347:"Joel's Story: Near the Ocean Floor"
4296:Rickover: Father of the Nuclear Navy
4253:"San Diego says goodbye to La Jolla"
4055:
3579:
3363:from the original on October 9, 2022
3218:
2657:from the original on October 9, 2022
2179:
2170:
1892:Rickover: The Birth of Nuclear Power
1076:
782:and the Commission in January 1954.
5498:20th-century American Episcopalians
5448:Congressional Gold Medal recipients
4844:. Associated Press. August 1, 2021.
4671:Halloran, Richard (July 15, 1986).
4602:"RICKOVER STABLE IN NAVAL HOSPITAL"
4412:
4319:
4104:"Rickover Stable in Naval Hospital"
3990:; Chapter 15 notes; p. 156, note 2.
3403:
2418:Holzwarth, Larry (March 31, 2022).
1308:
1292:, and Rickover Junior High School.
820:. This was the second time (after
24:
5488:Jewish American military personnel
5473:United States Naval Academy alumni
5433:United States submarine commanders
4745:"Obituary of Eleonore B. Rickover"
4536:. January 11, 1954. Archived from
4251:Robbins, Gary (October 22, 2014).
4007:. November 9, 1962. Archived from
3588:. University of Missouri. p.
2154:. October 29, 2003. Archived from
2108:"Recollection from Margaret Lurie"
2032:. History.navy.mil. Archived from
1906:
1863:Center for Study of Responsive Law
1761:(1958); Columbia University (1960)
997:Center for Excellence in Education
859:Thoughts on Man's Purpose in Life.
32:Hyman G. Rickover (disambiguation)
25:
5514:
5463:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
5346:Charles E. Young Research Library
5325:
3651:Thoughts on Man's Purpose in Life
3530:Thoughts on Man's Purpose in Life
3493:
3288:. Mediabistro.com. Archived from
2105:
1276:included Rickover as part of the
764:Shippingport Atomic Power Station
376:Naval career through World War II
260:Shippingport Atomic Power Station
5478:Naval Postgraduate School alumni
5365:
5289:
5268:
5250:
5232:
5206:
5168:
5130:
5114:. Wsechicago.org. Archived from
5104:
5063:
5037:
5019:
4996:
4982:
4956:
4938:
4908:
4882:
4848:
4830:
4816:
4806:"General Dynamics Electric Boat"
4798:
4784:
4762:
4737:
4702:
4690:
4664:
4653:
4619:
4593:
4581:
4569:
4544:
4522:
4498:
4478:
4472:
4447:
4421:
4406:
4085:"Congressional research service"
3448:. defensenews.com. July 22, 2015
3385:. Archives.gov. October 25, 2010
3250:Rayburn, Kevin (March 1, 2003).
2963:"From squash court to submarine"
1868:
1717:the Golden Omega Award from the
1636:
1628:
1589:
1583:
1565:
1551:
1537:
1523:
1507:
1501:
1484:
1470:
1455:
1440:
1425:
1395:
1389:
1366:Navy Distinguished Service Medal
1356:
1350:
1343:
1316:
879:fourteen known reactor accidents
863:
531:at Shanghai on October 5, 1937.
425:in 1930 by way of a year at the
186:Navy Distinguished Service Medal
5302:. Local.ans.org. Archived from
4372:
4357:
4339:
4322:"Admiral Rickover Observations"
4313:
4286:
4259:
4244:
4230:
4209:
4187:
4178:
4151:
4121:
4095:
4077:
4049:
4023:
3993:
3982:; Naval Institute Press; 2014;
3972:
3933:
3894:
3864:
3838:
3817:
3805:
3786:Energy resources and our future
3776:
3750:
3723:
3694:
3676:
3641:
3611:
3596:
3573:
3555:
3520:
3506:
3487:
3460:
3438:
3397:
3375:
3343:
3325:
3286:"10 Questions for Diane Sawyer"
3278:
3243:
3212:
3186:
3144:
3119:
3106:
3088:
3073:
3055:
3030:
3005:
2988:
2973:
2955:
2929:
2855:
2831:
2809:
2791:
2782:
2763:
2738:
2712:
2687:
2669:
2637:
2612:
2590:
2571:
2546:
2524:
2497:
2472:
2438:
2411:
2386:
2361:
2336:
2266:
2236:
2202:
1765:
1759:Stevens Institute of Technology
1664:
1290:Hyman G. Rickover Naval Academy
1144:
694:and to begin the design of the
649:'s Clinton Laboratory (now the
262:, the world's first commercial
5213:Haswell, Hollee (April 2008).
5112:"Western Society of Engineers"
4712:. Arlington Military Cemetery.
4600:Keller, Bill (July 13, 1985).
4135:. May 23, 1977. Archived from
4102:Keller, Bill (July 13, 1985).
4056:Shaw, Gaylord (May 22, 1985).
3903:"Overrun Silent, Overrun Deep"
2180:Holt, Karen (August 2, 2015).
2125:
2060:
2048:
1997:
1987:"Rickover Is Forced To Retire"
1979:
1967:Y-12 National Security Complex
1724:the Prometheus Award from the
1714:100th Anniversary Medal (1958)
1701:George Westinghouse Gold Medal
1599:National Defense Service Medal
1545:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
1517:American Defense Service Medal
1126:According to former President
13:
1:
5468:Enrico Fermi Award recipients
5403:People from Łomża Governorate
4894:Simple ideas, taken seriously
4530:"Science: The Man in Tempo 3"
4385:. iUniverse. pp. 1–363.
4158:Carter, Jimmy (August 1996).
3942:"General Dynamics Under Fire"
2902:Rickover and the Nuclear Navy
2510:. Columbia University Press.
2259:– via Books.goole.com.
1972:
1676:Presidential Medal of Freedom
1624: – 2 awards (1958, 1982)
1573:Navy Occupation Service Medal
1463:Presidential Medal of Freedom
1187:Washington National Cathedral
733:year, 1953, two years before
651:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
534:Rickover was assigned to the
479:in 1933, Rickover translated
349:but moved two years later to
201:Presidential Medal of Freedom
5003:Andrew Glass (May 5, 2010).
2555:Diversity in the Power Elite
2243:Bankston, Carl Leon (2010).
1692:the Egleston Medal Award of
666:Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz
617:Admiral Rickover aboard USS
404:He next served on board the
7:
5418:United States Navy admirals
4551:Rockwell, Theodore (2002).
4129:"Unsinkable Hyman Rickover"
3730:Rockwell, Theodore (2002).
2619:Rockwell, Theodore (2002).
2368:Rockwell, Theodore (1995).
1945:
1655:Order of the British Empire
1269:United States Naval Academy
1246:named after a living person
1179:Arlington National Cemetery
751:. This became known as the
567:Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania
370:United States Naval Academy
217:United States Naval Academy
10:
5519:
5503:20th-century American Jews
5337:February 24, 2021, at the
3824:Haran, William J. (1982).
3471:. Navy.mil. Archived from
3042:Atomic Heritage Foundation
2504:McCaughey, Robert (2014).
1962:Naval Nuclear Power School
1559:World War II Victory Medal
1324:Submarine Warfare Insignia
1001:Research Science Institute
871:Three Mile Island accident
606:
520:Marco Polo Bridge Incident
110:Arlington County, Virginia
29:
4309:– via Google Books.
4282:– via Google Books.
4266:Vistica, Gregory (1997).
3832:Loyola University Chicago
3563:"Rickover Rotary Address"
3126:Nichols, Kenneth (1987).
2520:– via Google Books.
1814:Liberty, Science, and Law
1796:Little, Brown and Company
1696:Alumni Association (1955)
1478:World War I Victory Medal
1295:
1227:
791:Congressional Gold Medals
785:Rickover was promoted to
696:pressurized water reactor
662:nuclear marine propulsion
427:Naval Postgraduate School
306:unrestricted line officer
268:Congressional Gold Medals
264:pressurized water reactor
231:
210:
181:
171:
154:
144:
136:
124:
116:
99:
76:
68:
60:
48:
41:
5398:People from Maków County
4626:Duncan, Francis (2001).
4588:United States Submarines
3527:Hyman, Rickover (1982).
3194:"Asking Tough Questions"
2899:Duncan, Francis (1990).
2745:Duncan, Francis (2001).
2694:Duncan, Francis (2001).
2650:. Bureau of Navigation.
2445:Duncan, Francis (2001).
2343:Duncan, Francis (2001).
2273:Duncan, Francis (2001).
2209:Narins, Brigham (2001).
1671:Congressional Gold Medal
1622:Congressional Gold Medal
1011:General Dynamics scandal
842:Engineering Duty Officer
700:Atomic Energy Commission
312:Early life and education
299:engineering duty officer
196:Congressional Gold Medal
4481:"The Wrath of Rickover"
3580:Rose, Lisle A. (2006).
3067:Encyclopedia Britannica
1915:Nuclear Navy: 1946-1962
1531:American Campaign Medal
1448:Army Commendation Medal
1224:son by his first wife.
807:rare personal interview
778:. This was accepted by
351:North Lawndale, Chicago
290:—all of whom served on
4866:. 2011. Archived from
4429:"96B05426.lowres.jpeg"
4364:Carter, Jimmy (2010).
4299:. Potomac Books, Inc.
4272:. Simon and Schuster.
4037:. The Associated Press
3758:"My father remembered"
1850:Naval History Division
1333:Decorations and medals
1305:
1286:
1221:
1213:
1171:
1101:
989:Swiss Schools and Ours
980:
935:
919:
909:
891:Views on nuclear power
888:
822:Samuel Murray Robinson
744:
622:
600:
448:
419:electrical engineering
347:East Side of Manhattan
297:Having become a naval
64:Chaim Godalia Rickover
5220:. Columbia University
4950:www.rickovernaval.org
4454:Oliver, Dave (2014).
4379:Rockwell, T. (2002).
4217:"The Free Lance-Star"
3494:Noble, Barnes &.
3412:on September 21, 2018
3266:on September 30, 2011
2677:"American submariner"
2424:historycollection.com
2393:Adams, Chris (1999).
1775:Education and Freedom
1303:
1282:
1267:Rickover Hall at the
1217:
1208:
1169:
1096:
1023:Division shipyard in
985:Education and Freedom
975:
929:
914:
898:
883:
730:
616:
597:who gets things done.
592:
443:
137:Years of service
5286:at GI Film Festival.
5258:"Rickover Interview"
5118:on February 12, 2009
5051:on February 12, 2009
4926:on February 18, 2012
4870:on November 16, 2012
4810:gdebchristenings.com
3764:on February 18, 2015
3231:on February 26, 2017
3172:"Rickover Interview"
3080:Blair, Clay (1954).
2996:"Rickover, Hyman G."
2426:. History Collection
2312:. January 11, 1954.
2306:"The Man in Tempo 3"
2036:on February 10, 2012
1993:. November 14, 1981.
1162:Later life and death
492:German Imperial Navy
292:active duty for life
30:For other uses, see
4992:. November 8, 2017.
4970:on February 5, 2007
4916:"MIT ANS Resources"
4733:. October 10, 2015.
4553:The Rickover Effect
4415:The Washington Post
4199:www.johnflehman.com
4139:on February 8, 2009
3921:on January 13, 2005
3882:on December 7, 2019
3733:The Rickover Effect
3219:Rickover, Hyman G.
3038:"Hyman G. Rickover"
2943:on October 21, 2007
2873:on January 12, 2012
2843:. September 8, 1958
2816:Philip H. Abelson.
2726:on January 22, 2012
2621:The Rickover Effect
2395:Inside the Cold War
2370:The Rickover Effect
2133:"Hyman G. Rickover"
1991:The Washington Post
1952:Operation Sandblast
1492:China Service Medal
1381:(1961, 1964, 1982)
1156:Edward L. Beach Jr.
1092:Command of the Seas
1025:Groton, Connecticut
546:, Rickover flew to
423:Columbia University
303:submarine-qualified
221:Columbia University
5281:2014-05-29 at the
5262:www.people.vcu.edu
5176:"The $ 1,000 Word"
5031:The New York Times
4677:The New York Times
4606:The New York Times
4540:on April 23, 2008.
4238:"Running Critical"
4108:The New York Times
3688:www.jfklibrary.org
3500:Barnes & Noble
3383:"Executive Orders"
3014:Now it can be told
2867:seacoastonline.com
2009:The New York Times
1801:American Education
1683:Enrico Fermi Award
1575:with "ASIA" clasp
1306:
1172:
936:
922:Focus on education
838:William J. Houston
740:Robert B. Anderson
623:
356:Rickover attended
343:Revolution of 1905
252:United States Navy
205:Enrico Fermi Award
131:United States Navy
5342:Los Angeles Times
5244:nuclearstreet.com
5194:on April 23, 2008
5182:. June 23, 1958.
5156:on April 23, 2008
5144:. June 21, 1954.
5090:978-0-309-03939-0
5075:. Nap.edu. 1989.
4435:on March 25, 2009
4366:White House Diary
4205:on July 15, 2012.
4195:"johnflehman.com"
4063:Los Angeles Times
4011:on April 23, 2008
3960:on April 23, 2008
3852:on March 18, 2009
3319:Los Angeles Times
3023:978-0-306-80189-1
2969:. March 10, 2012.
2756:978-1-55750-177-6
2705:978-1-55750-177-6
2630:978-0-595-25270-1
2587:February 8, 2013.
2564:978-0-7425-3699-9
2490:978-1-57488-704-4
2404:978-1-58566-068-1
2354:978-1-55750-177-6
2324:on April 23, 2008
2106:Lurie, Margaret.
1818:New York City, NY
1805:New York City, NY
1779:New York City, NY
1651:
1650:
1618:
1617:
1330:
1329:
1260:Hyman G. Rickover
1240:Hyman G. Rickover
1236:-class submarine
1077:Forced retirement
834:Kinnaird R. McKee
688:Alvin M. Weinberg
647:Manhattan Project
627:Inspector General
415:Master of Science
413:before earning a
244:Hyman G. Rickover
241:
240:
43:Hyman G. Rickover
16:(Redirected from
5510:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5361:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5314:
5309:on July 14, 2014
5308:
5301:
5293:
5287:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5236:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5219:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5199:
5190:. Archived from
5172:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5152:. Archived from
5134:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5123:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5067:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5047:. Archived from
5041:
5035:
5034:
5033:. June 10, 1980.
5023:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4986:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4966:. Archived from
4960:
4954:
4953:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4922:. Archived from
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4864:U.S. Navy Museum
4860:Cold War Gallery
4852:
4846:
4845:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4820:
4814:
4813:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4794:. July 22, 2021.
4788:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4741:
4735:
4734:
4723:
4714:
4713:
4706:
4700:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4597:
4591:
4585:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4456:Against the Tide
4451:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4431:. Archived from
4425:
4419:
4418:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4248:
4242:
4241:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4201:. Archived from
4191:
4185:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4090:(1.65 MB CRS-13)
4088:
4087:. July 12, 1985.
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
3997:
3991:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3956:. Archived from
3937:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3917:. Archived from
3898:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3878:. Archived from
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3848:. Archived from
3842:
3836:
3835:
3821:
3815:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3707:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3664:on July 10, 2018
3663:
3656:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3629:on June 28, 2013
3625:. Archived from
3615:
3609:
3608:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3587:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3543:on July 10, 2018
3542:
3535:
3524:
3518:
3517:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3475:on June 26, 2019
3464:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3429:
3421:
3419:
3417:
3408:. Archived from
3401:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3311:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3292:on June 25, 2010
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3227:. Archived from
3225:www.validlab.com
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3174:. People.vcu.edu
3168:
3159:
3158:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3123:
3117:
3112:J. C. Clayton, "
3110:
3104:
3103:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3009:
3003:
3002:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2939:. Archived from
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2907:
2896:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2869:. Archived from
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2722:. Archived from
2716:
2710:
2709:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2656:
2649:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2588:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2542:on July 1, 2013.
2538:. Archived from
2528:
2522:
2521:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2320:. Archived from
2302:
2291:
2290:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2158:on June 29, 2006
2148:
2137:
2136:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2103:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2026:
2013:
2012:
2011:. July 24, 1986.
2001:
1995:
1994:
1983:
1939:9-780300-24310-9
1887:Edward R. Murrow
1875:Admiral Rickover
1831:Washington, D.C.
1822:Newcomen Society
1740:Washington Award
1712:Michael I. Pupin
1640:
1633:
1632:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1593:
1587:
1569:
1555:
1541:
1527:
1511:
1505:
1488:
1474:
1459:
1444:
1429:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1399:
1393:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1360:
1354:
1347:
1337:
1336:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1309:Warfare insignia
1274:U.S. Navy Museum
1254:-class submarine
1183:James D. Watkins
1070:William Proxmire
1062:General Electric
1040:President Reagan
1032:-class submarine
1018:General Dynamics
971:Report on Russia
907:
776:aircraft carrier
670:John L. Sullivan
657:that same year.
635:General Electric
536:Cavite Navy Yard
481:Das Unterseeboot
388:. He joined the
366:Adolph J. Sabath
318:Maków Mazowiecki
126:
106:
90:Maków Mazowiecki
87:January 27, 1900
86:
84:
55:Rickover in 1955
53:
39:
38:
21:
5518:
5517:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5366:
5364:
5356:
5339:Wayback Machine
5328:
5323:
5322:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5283:Wayback Machine
5273:
5269:
5256:
5255:
5251:
5238:
5237:
5233:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5207:
5197:
5195:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5159:
5157:
5136:
5135:
5131:
5121:
5119:
5110:
5109:
5105:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5054:
5052:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5025:
5024:
5020:
5010:
5008:
5001:
4997:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4973:
4971:
4962:
4961:
4957:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4929:
4927:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4899:
4897:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4873:
4871:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4826:. July 6, 2021.
4822:
4821:
4817:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4790:
4789:
4785:
4775:
4773:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4753:
4751:
4743:
4742:
4738:
4725:
4724:
4717:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4695:
4691:
4681:
4679:
4669:
4665:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4624:
4620:
4610:
4608:
4598:
4594:
4590:, 2002, p. 179.
4586:
4582:
4574:
4570:
4563:
4549:
4545:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4513:
4511:
4503:
4499:
4489:
4487:
4479:Toti, William.
4477:
4473:
4466:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4411:
4407:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4377:
4373:
4362:
4358:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4330:
4328:
4320:Pauslon, John.
4318:
4314:
4307:
4291:
4287:
4280:
4264:
4260:
4249:
4245:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4172:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4112:
4110:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4054:
4050:
4040:
4038:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4012:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3977:
3973:
3963:
3961:
3938:
3934:
3924:
3922:
3899:
3895:
3885:
3883:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3822:
3818:
3810:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3781:
3777:
3767:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3744:
3728:
3724:
3716:
3705:
3699:
3695:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3630:
3623:Atomic Insights
3617:
3616:
3612:
3601:
3597:
3578:
3574:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3525:
3521:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3492:
3488:
3478:
3476:
3465:
3461:
3451:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3423:
3422:
3415:
3413:
3402:
3398:
3388:
3386:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3321:. July 9, 1986.
3313:
3312:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3248:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3217:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3162:
3149:
3145:
3138:
3124:
3120:
3111:
3107:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3078:
3074:
3069:. July 4, 2023.
3061:
3060:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3024:
3010:
3006:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2978:
2974:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2922:
2916:
2905:
2897:
2886:
2876:
2874:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2810:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2692:
2688:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2631:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2576:
2572:
2565:
2551:
2547:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2443:
2439:
2429:
2427:
2416:
2412:
2405:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2366:
2362:
2355:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2325:
2304:
2303:
2294:
2287:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2184:
2178:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2104:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2065:
2061:
2053:
2049:
2039:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2016:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1948:
1929:Wortman, Marc.
1909:
1907:Further reading
1871:
1768:
1667:
1631:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1594:
1588:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1405:Legion Of Merit
1401:
1400:
1394:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1362:
1361:
1355:
1348:
1335:
1311:
1298:
1262: (SSN-795)
1242: (SSN-709)
1230:
1164:
1147:
1079:
1013:
924:
908:
905:
893:
866:
773:nuclear-powered
768:Kenneth Nichols
684:Bureau of Ships
655:Bureau of Ships
611:
605:
582:Legion of Merit
378:
314:
236:
219:
203:
199:
194:
191:Legion of Merit
189:
164:
108:
104:
88:
82:
80:
56:
44:
35:
28:
27:US Navy admiral
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5516:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5375:
5374:
5354:
5353:
5327:
5326:External links
5324:
5321:
5320:
5288:
5267:
5249:
5231:
5205:
5167:
5129:
5103:
5089:
5062:
5036:
5018:
4995:
4981:
4955:
4937:
4907:
4881:
4847:
4829:
4815:
4797:
4783:
4761:
4736:
4715:
4701:
4689:
4663:
4652:
4639:978-1557501776
4638:
4618:
4592:
4580:
4568:
4561:
4543:
4521:
4497:
4471:
4465:978-1612517971
4464:
4446:
4420:
4405:
4392:978-0595252701
4391:
4371:
4356:
4338:
4312:
4306:978-1574884456
4305:
4285:
4279:978-0684832265
4278:
4258:
4243:
4229:
4208:
4186:
4177:
4171:978-1610754606
4170:
4150:
4120:
4094:
4076:
4048:
4022:
3992:
3988:978-1612517971
3978:Oliver, Dave.
3971:
3932:
3893:
3863:
3837:
3816:
3804:
3793:on May 3, 2012
3775:
3749:
3742:
3722:
3693:
3675:
3640:
3610:
3595:
3572:
3554:
3519:
3505:
3486:
3459:
3437:
3396:
3374:
3342:
3324:
3303:
3277:
3242:
3211:
3185:
3160:
3143:
3136:
3118:
3105:
3100:www.ne.anl.gov
3087:
3084:. p. 134.
3072:
3054:
3029:
3022:
3004:
2987:
2972:
2954:
2928:
2914:
2884:
2854:
2830:
2808:
2803:www.legion.org
2790:
2781:
2762:
2755:
2737:
2711:
2704:
2686:
2668:
2636:
2629:
2611:
2600:. Validlab.com
2589:
2583:2013-04-13 at
2570:
2563:
2545:
2523:
2517:978-0231537520
2516:
2496:
2489:
2471:
2458:978-1557501776
2457:
2437:
2410:
2403:
2385:
2378:
2360:
2353:
2335:
2292:
2285:
2265:
2256:978-1587656026
2255:
2235:
2222:978-0787617554
2221:
2201:
2169:
2138:
2124:
2093:
2080:978-1574887044
2079:
2059:
2047:
2014:
1996:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1927:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1889:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1859:Washington, DC
1852:
1846:Washington, DC
1837:
1824:
1811:
1798:
1785:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1733:Newcomen Medal
1729:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1697:
1666:
1663:
1659:King George VI
1649:
1648:
1641:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1596:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1402:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1363:
1349:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1321:
1310:
1307:
1297:
1294:
1229:
1226:
1163:
1160:
1146:
1143:
1117:Woodrow Wilson
1078:
1075:
1012:
1009:
923:
920:
903:
892:
889:
865:
862:
851:responsibility
704:Naval Reactors
609:Naval Reactors
604:
601:
575:Typhoon Louise
377:
374:
313:
310:
256:Naval Reactors
239:
238:
233:
229:
228:
214:
208:
207:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
166:Naval Reactors
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
128:
122:
121:
118:
114:
113:
107:(aged 86)
101:
97:
96:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
18:Hyman Rickover
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5515:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5373:
5363:
5362:
5359:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5305:
5298:
5292:
5285:
5284:
5280:
5277:
5271:
5263:
5259:
5253:
5245:
5241:
5235:
5216:
5209:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5171:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5117:
5113:
5107:
5092:
5086:
5082:
5081:10.17226/1384
5078:
5074:
5073:
5066:
5050:
5046:
5040:
5032:
5028:
5022:
5006:
4999:
4991:
4985:
4969:
4965:
4959:
4951:
4947:
4941:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4911:
4895:
4891:
4890:"Doing a Job"
4885:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4825:
4819:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4793:
4787:
4772:. defense.gov
4771:
4765:
4750:
4746:
4740:
4732:
4728:
4722:
4720:
4711:
4705:
4698:
4693:
4678:
4674:
4667:
4656:
4641:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4622:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4589:
4584:
4577:
4572:
4564:
4562:0-595-25270-2
4558:
4554:
4547:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4525:
4510:
4509:
4501:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4467:
4461:
4457:
4450:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4416:
4409:
4394:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4375:
4367:
4360:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4327:
4323:
4316:
4308:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4289:
4281:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4247:
4239:
4233:
4218:
4212:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4181:
4173:
4167:
4163:
4162:
4154:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4109:
4105:
4098:
4086:
4080:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4052:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3975:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3936:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3897:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3779:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3745:
3743:0-595-25270-2
3739:
3735:
3734:
3726:
3715:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3660:
3653:
3652:
3644:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3606:
3599:
3591:
3586:
3585:
3576:
3568:
3567:nielsolson.us
3564:
3558:
3539:
3532:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3509:
3501:
3497:
3490:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3447:
3441:
3433:
3427:
3411:
3407:
3400:
3384:
3378:
3359:
3352:
3346:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3246:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3221:"Doing a Job"
3215:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3147:
3139:
3133:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3109:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3083:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3025:
3019:
3015:
3008:
3000:
2997:
2991:
2983:
2976:
2968:
2967:The Economist
2964:
2958:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2921:
2917:
2915:0-87021-236-2
2911:
2904:
2903:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2819:
2812:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2653:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2599:
2598:"Doing a Job"
2593:
2586:
2585:archive.today
2582:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2519:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2460:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2441:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2406:
2400:
2396:
2389:
2381:
2379:0-471-12296-3
2375:
2371:
2364:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2288:
2286:1-55750-177-7
2282:
2278:
2277:
2269:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2239:
2224:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2205:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2134:
2128:
2113:
2109:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2082:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:0-226-33219-5
1921:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1881:interview by
1880:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1869:Documentaries
1864:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1760:
1756:
1755:Colby College
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1728:(NEMA) (1965)
1727:
1723:
1721:(IEEE) (1959)
1720:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1707:(ASME) (1955)
1706:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1629:Foreign order
1623:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:(1945, 1952)
1419:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1338:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1302:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1191:George Shultz
1188:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1151:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1121:Ronald Reagan
1118:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1044:600-ship Navy
1042:'s goal of a
1041:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1021:Electric Boat
1019:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
992:
990:
986:
979:
974:
972:
967:
965:
962:
958:
954:
950:
949:
948:Old Testament
944:
943:
933:
928:
918:
913:
902:
897:
887:
882:
880:
875:
872:
864:Safety record
861:
860:
856:
853:as his first
852:
846:
843:
839:
835:
831:
825:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
803:
800:
799:Naval Aviator
796:
792:
788:
783:
781:
780:Lewis Strauss
777:
774:
769:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
743:
741:
736:
729:
727:
723:
718:
716:
715:Leslie Groves
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
678:
677:
671:
667:
663:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
620:
615:
610:
599:
598:
591:
589:
588:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
555:
549:
545:
540:
537:
532:
530:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:
504:
499:
497:
496:Hermann Bauer
493:
490:
486:
485:The Submarine
482:
478:
474:
470:
469:
464:
463:
458:
453:
447:
442:
439:
437:
433:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
395:
391:
387:
383:
373:
371:
367:
363:
362:Western Union
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
335:
333:
332:
327:
323:
319:
309:
307:
304:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
213:
209:
206:
202:
197:
192:
187:
184:
180:
177:
174:
170:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
150:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
129:
123:
120:United States
119:
115:
111:
102:
98:
95:
91:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5313:December 12,
5311:. Retrieved
5304:the original
5291:
5274:
5270:
5261:
5252:
5243:
5234:
5222:. Retrieved
5208:
5196:. Retrieved
5192:the original
5179:
5170:
5158:. Retrieved
5154:the original
5141:
5132:
5120:. Retrieved
5116:the original
5106:
5094:. Retrieved
5071:
5065:
5053:. Retrieved
5049:the original
5039:
5030:
5021:
5011:December 12,
5009:. Retrieved
4998:
4984:
4972:. Retrieved
4968:the original
4958:
4949:
4940:
4928:. Retrieved
4924:the original
4919:
4910:
4900:December 12,
4898:. Retrieved
4893:
4884:
4872:. Retrieved
4868:the original
4859:
4850:
4841:
4832:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4786:
4774:. Retrieved
4764:
4752:. Retrieved
4748:
4739:
4731:www.usni.org
4730:
4704:
4692:
4680:. Retrieved
4676:
4666:
4655:
4645:December 12,
4643:. Retrieved
4628:
4621:
4609:. Retrieved
4605:
4595:
4587:
4583:
4575:
4571:
4552:
4546:
4538:the original
4533:
4524:
4514:December 12,
4512:. Retrieved
4507:
4500:
4488:. Retrieved
4484:
4474:
4455:
4449:
4437:. Retrieved
4433:the original
4423:
4414:
4408:
4396:. Retrieved
4381:
4374:
4365:
4359:
4350:
4341:
4329:. Retrieved
4325:
4315:
4295:
4288:
4268:
4261:
4246:
4232:
4222:December 12,
4220:. Retrieved
4211:
4203:the original
4198:
4189:
4180:
4160:
4153:
4141:. Retrieved
4137:the original
4132:
4123:
4111:. Retrieved
4107:
4097:
4079:
4067:. Retrieved
4061:
4051:
4039:. Retrieved
4034:
4025:
4013:. Retrieved
4009:the original
4004:
3995:
3979:
3974:
3962:. Retrieved
3958:the original
3945:
3935:
3923:. Retrieved
3919:the original
3906:
3896:
3884:. Retrieved
3880:the original
3875:
3866:
3854:. Retrieved
3850:the original
3840:
3831:
3826:
3819:
3807:
3795:. Retrieved
3791:the original
3785:
3778:
3768:December 12,
3766:. Retrieved
3762:the original
3752:
3732:
3725:
3709:
3696:
3687:
3678:
3666:. Retrieved
3659:the original
3650:
3643:
3633:December 12,
3631:. Retrieved
3627:the original
3622:
3613:
3604:
3598:
3583:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3545:. Retrieved
3538:the original
3529:
3522:
3508:
3499:
3489:
3479:December 12,
3477:. Retrieved
3473:the original
3462:
3450:. Retrieved
3440:
3414:. Retrieved
3410:the original
3399:
3389:December 12,
3387:. Retrieved
3377:
3367:December 12,
3365:. Retrieved
3356:. Nasa.gov.
3345:
3336:
3327:
3318:
3296:December 12,
3294:. Retrieved
3290:the original
3280:
3268:. Retrieved
3264:the original
3259:
3255:
3245:
3233:. Retrieved
3229:the original
3224:
3214:
3202:. Retrieved
3188:
3176:. Retrieved
3153:
3146:
3127:
3121:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3081:
3075:
3066:
3057:
3045:. Retrieved
3041:
3032:
3013:
3007:
2998:
2990:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2945:. Retrieved
2941:the original
2931:
2901:
2877:December 12,
2875:. Retrieved
2871:the original
2866:
2857:
2847:December 12,
2845:. Retrieved
2839:
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2811:
2802:
2793:
2784:
2775:
2765:
2746:
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2724:the original
2714:
2695:
2689:
2681:ufdc.ufl.edu
2680:
2671:
2659:. Retrieved
2639:
2620:
2614:
2604:December 12,
2602:. Retrieved
2592:
2573:
2554:
2548:
2540:the original
2535:
2526:
2506:
2499:
2480:
2474:
2464:December 12,
2462:. Retrieved
2447:
2440:
2428:. Retrieved
2423:
2413:
2394:
2388:
2369:
2363:
2344:
2338:
2326:. Retrieved
2322:the original
2309:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2245:
2238:
2228:December 12,
2226:. Retrieved
2211:
2204:
2189:examiner.com
2188:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:the original
2127:
2115:. Retrieved
2111:
2086:December 12,
2084:. Retrieved
2069:
2062:
2050:
2040:December 12,
2038:. Retrieved
2034:the original
2008:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1930:
1913:
1896:Michael Pack
1891:
1883:Diane Sawyer
1874:
1854:
1839:
1826:
1813:
1800:
1787:
1774:
1769:
1766:Publications
1745:
1685:
1680:
1668:
1665:Other awards
1652:
1379:" Gold Stars
1287:
1283:
1277:
1266:
1259:
1251:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1176:
1173:
1152:
1148:
1145:Public image
1132:
1128:Jimmy Carter
1125:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1091:
1084:Jimmy Carter
1080:
1058:
1054:Mike Wallace
1047:
1029:
1014:
993:
988:
984:
981:
976:
970:
968:
946:
940:
937:
915:
910:
899:
894:
884:
876:
867:
858:
850:
847:
826:
815:
811:Diane Sawyer
787:vice admiral
784:
761:
756:
745:
734:
731:
726:rear admiral
721:
719:
712:
707:
681:
675:
659:
624:
618:
596:
593:
585:
579:
553:
548:Pearl Harbor
544:World War II
541:
533:
528:
523:
506:
500:
484:
480:
477:Pennsylvania
473:Philadelphia
467:
461:
456:
449:
444:
440:
436:Episcopalian
409:
403:
393:
379:
355:
336:
329:
322:Vistula Land
315:
296:
272:
243:
242:
176:World War II
172:Battles/wars
160:
105:(1986-07-08)
103:July 8, 1986
94:Vistula Land
36:
5393:1986 deaths
5388:1900 births
4974:November 7,
4964:"Home Page"
4874:October 12,
4351:www.acm.com
3886:December 7,
3876:www.cee.org
2536:www.nps.edu
2430:November 4,
1657:in 1946 by
1613:Bronze Star
1418:" Gold Star
1326:(Dolphins)
1234:Los Angeles
1088:John Lehman
1036:John Lehman
1030:Los Angeles
753:S1W reactor
639:Schenectady
503:minesweeper
489:World War I
394:La Vallette
382:World War I
341:during the
69:Nickname(s)
5382:Categories
5007:. Politico
4842:Navy Times
4776:August 16,
4398:August 16,
4035:apnews.com
3605:UPI Energy
3452:August 16,
3416:August 22,
3137:068806910X
2776:Navy Times
2661:August 23,
1973:References
1879:60 Minutes
1857:. (1982).
1844:. (1976).
1829:. (1972).
1816:. (1969).
1803:. (1963).
1790:. (1962).
1777:. (1959).
1113:presidents
1049:60 Minutes
930:President
631:19th Fleet
607:See also:
554:California
417:degree in
406:battleship
212:Alma mater
117:Allegiance
83:1900-01-27
61:Birth name
5372:Biography
5224:March 21,
5198:March 21,
5188:0040-781X
5160:March 21,
5150:0040-781X
5122:March 20,
4930:March 21,
4143:March 20,
4113:March 19,
4015:March 20,
3964:March 20,
3954:0040-781X
3925:March 19,
3915:0040-781X
3856:March 21,
3834:(Thesis).
3797:March 21,
3668:March 17,
2318:0040-781X
1703:from the
1643:Honorary
1601:with one
1368:with two
1258:USS
1238:USS
1106:USS
855:principle
830:NAVSEA-08
813:in 1984.
674:USS
559:commander
552:USS
452:submarine
390:destroyer
232:Spouse(s)
159:USS
140:1918–1982
5335:Archived
5279:Archived
5096:March 6,
5055:March 6,
4754:July 27,
4682:March 3,
4629:Rickover
4578:, p. 24.
4490:July 27,
4439:March 6,
4331:July 27,
3714:Archived
3426:cite web
3358:Archived
3270:April 1,
3235:June 26,
3204:March 8,
3198:Archived
3178:March 8,
3047:June 27,
2947:March 8,
2920:Archived
2823:March 8,
2747:Rickover
2730:March 6,
2696:Rickover
2652:Archived
2581:Archived
2481:Rickover
2448:Rickover
2328:March 6,
2193:Archived
2162:March 8,
2117:July 27,
2070:Rickover
1946:See also
1757:(1954);
1252:Virginia
1195:Milton's
1119:through
1108:La Jolla
1064:and the
957:Cold War
945:, i.e.,
904:—
802:captains
757:Nautilus
735:Nautilus
722:Nautilus
708:Nautilus
676:Nautilus
643:New York
619:Nautilus
494:Admiral
432:Sorbonne
399:squadron
331:Gedaliah
155:Commands
125:Service/
5138:"Kudos"
4920:mit.edu
4611:June 2,
4069:May 20,
4041:May 20,
3547:July 9,
1647:(1946)
1606:⁄
1465:(1980)
1435:(1945)
1413:⁄
1374:⁄
1197:sonnet
1185:at the
959:era to
932:Kennedy
818:admiral
795:ensigns
629:of the
571:Okinawa
563:captain
512:Qingdao
339:pogroms
326:Chayyim
250:in the
248:admiral
149:Admiral
5358:Portal
5186:
5148:
5087:
4636:
4559:
4462:
4389:
4303:
4276:
4168:
3986:
3952:
3913:
3740:
3134:
3020:
2912:
2753:
2702:
2627:
2561:
2514:
2487:
2455:
2401:
2376:
2351:
2316:
2283:
2253:
2219:
2077:
1937:
1922:
1809:Dutton
1792:Boston
1783:Dutton
1735:(1968)
1296:Awards
1256:named
1228:Honors
964:Russia
961:Soviet
953:Hebrew
942:Tanakh
457:Nevada
410:Nevada
386:ensign
288:Halsey
284:Nimitz
182:Awards
127:branch
112:, U.S.
5307:(PDF)
5300:(PDF)
5218:(PDF)
3717:(PDF)
3706:(PDF)
3662:(PDF)
3655:(PDF)
3541:(PDF)
3534:(PDF)
3361:(PDF)
3354:(PDF)
2923:(PDF)
2906:(PDF)
2655:(PDF)
2648:(PDF)
2196:(PDF)
2185:(PDF)
1751:Sc.D.
1407:with
1135:Nixon
1052:with
951:, in
809:with
529:Finch
524:Finch
516:China
507:Finch
487:) by
421:from
276:Leahy
161:Finch
5315:2014
5226:2009
5200:2009
5184:ISSN
5180:Time
5162:2009
5146:ISSN
5142:Time
5124:2009
5098:2009
5085:ISBN
5057:2009
5013:2014
4976:2006
4932:2009
4902:2014
4876:2011
4778:2015
4756:2021
4684:2020
4647:2014
4634:ISBN
4613:2023
4557:ISBN
4534:Time
4516:2014
4508:Time
4492:2021
4460:ISBN
4441:2009
4400:2015
4387:ISBN
4333:2021
4301:ISBN
4274:ISBN
4224:2014
4166:ISBN
4145:2009
4133:Time
4115:2009
4071:2023
4043:2023
4017:2009
4005:Time
3984:ISBN
3966:2009
3950:ISSN
3946:Time
3927:2009
3911:ISSN
3907:Time
3888:2019
3858:2009
3799:2009
3770:2014
3738:ISBN
3670:2009
3635:2014
3549:2018
3481:2014
3454:2015
3432:link
3418:2015
3391:2014
3369:2014
3337:NHHC
3298:2014
3272:2009
3256:UofL
3237:2020
3206:2009
3180:2009
3132:ISBN
3049:2020
3018:ISBN
2999:NHHC
2949:2009
2910:ISBN
2879:2014
2849:2014
2840:Life
2825:2009
2751:ISBN
2732:2009
2700:ISBN
2663:2021
2625:ISBN
2606:2014
2559:ISBN
2512:ISBN
2485:ISBN
2466:2014
2453:ISBN
2432:2023
2399:ISBN
2374:ISBN
2349:ISBN
2330:2009
2314:ISSN
2310:Time
2281:ISBN
2251:ISBN
2230:2014
2217:ISBN
2164:2009
2119:2021
2088:2014
2075:ISBN
2042:2014
1935:ISBN
1920:ISBN
1738:the
1731:the
1710:the
1699:the
1232:The
1139:Ford
886:one.
749:beam
587:Time
468:S-48
465:and
286:and
280:King
225:MSEE
145:Rank
100:Died
77:Born
5077:doi
1900:PBS
1894:by
637:at
510:at
462:S-9
320:in
198:(2)
193:(2)
188:(3)
5384::
5348:,
5260:.
5242:.
5178:.
5140:.
5083:.
5029:.
4948:.
4918:.
4892:.
4862:.
4858:.
4840:.
4808:.
4747:.
4729:.
4718:^
4675:.
4632:.
4604:.
4532:.
4483:.
4349:.
4324:.
4197:.
4164:.
4131:.
4106:.
4060:.
4033:.
4003:.
3948:.
3944:.
3909:.
3905:.
3874:.
3830:.
3712:.
3708:.
3686:.
3621:.
3590:55
3565:.
3498:.
3428:}}
3424:{{
3335:.
3317:.
3306:^
3260:25
3258:.
3254:.
3223:.
3163:^
3098:.
3065:.
3040:.
2965:.
2918:.
2887:^
2865:.
2801:.
2774:.
2679:.
2534:.
2451:.
2422:.
2308:.
2295:^
2249:.
2215:.
2191:.
2187:.
2172:^
2141:^
2110:.
2096:^
2073:.
2017:^
2007:.
1989:.
1877:–
1861::
1848::
1833::
1820::
1807::
1794::
1781::
1753::
1661:.
1611:"
1608:16
1415:16
1376:16
1203:.
1137:,
1094::
966:.
755:.
710:.
641:,
514:,
475:,
401:.
282:,
278:,
270:.
92:,
5360::
5352:.
5317:.
5264:.
5246:.
5228:.
5202:.
5164:.
5126:.
5100:.
5079::
5059:.
5015:.
4978:.
4952:.
4934:.
4904:.
4878:.
4812:.
4780:.
4758:.
4686:.
4649:.
4615:.
4565:.
4518:.
4494:.
4468:.
4443:.
4417:.
4402:.
4353:.
4335:.
4255:.
4174:.
4147:.
4117:.
4073:.
4045:.
4019:.
3968:.
3929:.
3890:.
3860:.
3801:.
3772:.
3746:.
3690:.
3672:.
3637:.
3607:.
3592:.
3569:.
3551:.
3516:.
3502:.
3483:.
3456:.
3434:)
3420:.
3393:.
3371:.
3339:.
3300:.
3274:.
3239:.
3208:.
3182:.
3140:.
3102:.
3051:.
3026:.
3001:.
2951:.
2881:.
2851:.
2827:.
2805:.
2778:.
2759:.
2734:.
2708:.
2683:.
2665:.
2633:.
2608:.
2567:.
2493:.
2468:.
2434:.
2407:.
2382:.
2357:.
2332:.
2289:.
2232:.
2166:.
2135:.
2121:.
2090:.
2044:.
1941:.
1926:.
1902:.
1604:3
1411:5
1372:5
1115:(
483:(
227:)
223:(
85:)
81:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.