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iNaturalist

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291: 271: 683: 698: 430: 121: 330: 444:, which are biological surveying events that attempt to record all the species that occur within a designated area, and a specific project type on iNaturalist. Other project types include collections of observations by location or taxon or documenting specific types of observations such as animal tracks and signs, the spread of 726:
On iNaturalist, an observation is "verifiable" if it has no penalties in its Data Quality Assessment. Observations lacking a date, location, or media are automatically penalised, and users may grant penalties if they deem that the date or location is inaccurate, that there is no evidence or no recent
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On the iNaturalist.org website, visitors can search the public dataset and interact with other people adding observations and identifications. The website provides tools for registered users to add, identify, and discuss observations, write journal posts, explore information about species, and create
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features. Users typically upload photos as evidence of their findings, though audio recordings are also accepted, and such evidence is not a strict requirement. Users may share observation locations publicly, "obscure" them to display a less precise location or make the locations completely private.
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platforms other than iNaturalist to participate. In 4 days, over 17,000 people cataloged over 440,000 nature observations in urban regions around the world. In 2019, the CNC once again expanded, with 35,000 participants in 159 cities collecting 964,000 observations of over 31,000 species. Although
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documented over 20,000 observations with the iNaturalist platform. In 2017, the CNC expanded to 16 cities across the United States and collected over 125,000 observations of wildlife in 5 days. The CNC expanded to a global audience in 2018, with 68 cities participating from 19 countries, with some
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iNaturalist describes itself as "an online social network of people sharing biodiversity information to help each other learn about nature," with its primary goal being to connect people to nature. Although it is not a science project itself, iNaturalist is a platform for science and conservation
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is commonly provided if the model is unsure of the species. It is trained once or twice a year, and the threshold for species included in the training set has changed over time. It can be difficult for the model to guess correctly if the species in question is infrequently observed or hard to
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On iNaturalist, other users add identifications to each other's observations in order to confirm or improve the identification of the observation. Observations are classified as "Casual", "Needs ID" (needs identification), or "Research Grade" based on the quality of the data provided and the
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carnivore, was seen for the first time in the 21st century when an iNaturalist user uploaded snapshots of the weasel exploring a privy. Two teenagers in California used iNaturalist observations of unfamiliar scorpions as the first step in their eventual description of two new species. The
27: 190:. iNaturalist includes an automated species identification tool, and users further assist each other in identifying organisms from photographs. As of 9 July 2024, iNaturalist users had contributed approximately 197,660,888 observations of plants, animals, fungi, and other 456:
catches, or discovering new species. In 2011, iNaturalist was used as a platform to power the Global Amphibian and Global Reptile BioBlitzes, in which observations were used to help monitor the occurrence and distribution of the world's reptiles and amphibian species. The US
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Amézquita, Adolfo; Márquez, Roberto; Medina, Ricardo; Mejía-Vargas, Daniel; Kahn, Ted R.; Suárez, Gustavo; Mazariegos, Luis (5 March 2013). "A new species of Andean poison frog, Andinobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae), from the northwestern Andes of Colombia".
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to research projects, land managers, other organizations, and the public. It is the primary application for crowd-sourced biodiversity data in places such as Mexico, southern Africa, and Australia, and the project has been called "a standard-bearer for
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model which has been trained on the large database of the observations on iNaturalist. Multiple species suggestions are typically provided with the suggestion that the software guesses to be most likely is at the top of the list. A broader
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community identification process. Any quality of data can be downloaded from iNaturalist and "Research Grade" observations are often incorporated into other online databases such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and the
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of observations and identifications. An iNaturalist observation records a person's encounter with an individual organism at a particular time and place. An iNaturalist observation may also record evidence of an organism, such as
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Master's final project of Nate Agrin, Jessica Kline, and Ken-ichi Ueda. Agrin and Ueda continued work on the site with Sean McGregor, a web developer. In 2011, Ueda began collaboration with Scott Loarie, a research fellow at
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put up a light to attract moths and snapped a casual photo of an insect that had parked itself under a lawn chair on his hotel balcony; his upload to iNaturalist was the first time the moth had been seen alive in 65 years.
211:. Scientists have published more than 4,000 papers drawn from iNaturalist data sets and observations, including descriptions of species new to science and rediscoveries of species so rarely seen they were feared extinct. 587:(GBIF), often in the fields of ecology, conservation, and climate change. Many articles focus on climate-driven range shifts and expansions. For example, in 2015, data from iNaturalist was used to show that the 341:
On the iNaturalist mobile app, registered users can create and share nature observations to the online dataset, explore observations both nearby and around the world, and learn about different species.
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Moore, Michael P.; Lis, Cassandra; Gherghel, Iulian; Martin, Ryan A. (March 2019). "Temperature shapes the costs, benefits and geographic diversification of sexual coloration in a dragonfly".
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Seek by iNaturalist, a separate app marketed to families, requires no online account registration and all observations may remain private. Seek incorporates features of
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partnered with iNaturalist to record observations from the 2016 National Parks BioBlitz. That project exceeded 100,000 observations in August 2016. In 2017, the
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Other published research focuses on the description of new species or rediscovery of species previously considered extinct. For example, a species of snail,
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Observations and media licensed with Creative Commons licenses are often shared elsewhere, including the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (excluding
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Users have created and contributed to tens of thousands of different projects on iNaturalist. The platform is commonly used to record observations during
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evidence of an organism, or that the organism is not wild. Non-verifiable observations are hidden from view by default, unless expressly enabled.
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or coloration of species observations. For example, a study in 2019 assessed the relationship between wing coloration and temperature in the
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As of January 2024, more than 4,000 research papers have been published that cite the iNaturalist research-grade observations hosted on the
2317:"The vulnerable colombian weasel Mustela felipei (Carnivora): new record from Colombia and a review of its distribution in protected areas" 987:
Pimm, S. L.; Jenkins, C. N.; Abell, R.; Brooks, T. M.; Gittleman, J. L.; Joppa, L. N.; Raven, P. H.; Roberts, C. M.; Sexton, J. O. (2014).
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Catling, Paul M.; Kostiuk, Brenda; Heron, Jennifer; Jimenez, Runel; Chapman, Monique; Gamiet, Sharmin; Sterenberg, Velma (5 June 2018).
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of annual changes in number of species observed (in thousands; green) and number of verifiable observations (in millions; black).
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and lecturer at UC Berkeley. Ueda and Loarie are the current co-directors of iNaturalist.org. The organization merged with the
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Users have the option to license their observations, photos, and audio recordings in several ways, including for the
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Since 2012, the number of participants and observations has roughly doubled each year. In 2014, iNaturalist reached 1
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on April 24, 2014. In 2017, iNaturalist became a joint initiative between the California Academy of Sciences and the
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identify from images alone; or if the image submitted has poor lighting, is blurry, or contains multiple subjects.
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Drury, Jonathan P.; Barnes, Morgan; Finneran, Ann E.; Harris, Maddie; Grether, Gregory F. E. (2019).
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On 11 July 2023, iNaturalist became registered as an independent 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
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In addition to observations being identified by others in the community, iNaturalist includes an
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of New Zealand, feared extinct, was "rediscovered" when a Swedish birder who was in town to see
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Relative proportions of verifiable observations according to taxonomic group as of January 2022
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co-founded the City Nature Challenge (CNC). In the first City Nature Challenge, naturalists in
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project pages to recruit participation in and coordinate work on their topics of interest.
8: 2155: 1584: 989:"The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection" 534: 429: 228: 2409: 1445: 1105: 2429: 2297: 2261: 1483: 1459: 1117: 1019: 955: 175: 1403: 2421: 2301: 2289: 2281: 2242: 1463: 1167: 1023: 1011: 514: 2433: 2348:"'These kids can find anything': California teens identify two new scorpion species" 2315:
de Roux, Juan M.; Noguera-Urbano, Elkin A.; RamĂ­rez-Chaves, HĂ©ctor E. (2019-03-30).
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fewer observations were documented during the 2020 City Nature Challenge during the
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Connors, Matthew G.; Yeeles, Peter; Lach, Lori; Rentz, David C. F. (2023-11-30).
509: 404: 204: 114: 39: 1168:"From Observation to Action: How iNaturalist Spurs Conservation • The Revelator" 1963:"Creative Commons — Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International — CC BY-NC 4.0" 1138: 901: 608:. Additionally, in 2013, a citizen scientist in Colombia uploaded a photo of a 588: 167: 2277: 2238: 1662:"Citizen scientists give NPS 100,000+ biodiversity records for 100th birthday" 2605: 2285: 1735: 1718: 1508: 748: 688: 526: 358: 1820:"App brings marvels of tech and nature together to keep the world connected" 1113: 1007: 333:
Seek's home page, showing local species and the Challenge for November 2021.
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across the globe. iNaturalist may be accessed via its website or from its
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Bowser, A.; Wiggins, A.; Shanley, L.; Preece, J.; Henderson, S. (2014).
2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 1631: 1454: 1429: 1241:"Citizen scientist site hits one million observations of life on Earth" 624: 434: 374:. The scope of iNaturalist excludes natural but inert subjects such as 187: 171: 2417: 2091: 1894:"City Nature Challenge 2018: A Win For Urban Nature Around the World" 662: 646: 633: 561: 379: 199: 179: 2151:"Bright Pink Sea Slugs Invading New Habitats Due to Global Warming?" 1263: 951: 2314: 1937:"We want you to license your iNaturalist photos before April 15th!" 1245: 542: 449: 441: 191: 26: 2459: 2223: 1695: 1291:"Spreading our Wings: iNaturalist is Now an Independent Nonprofit" 194:
worldwide, and 290,007 users were active in the previous 30 days.
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Young, Alison; Higgins, Lila; Jaecker-Jones, Amy (4 May 2020).
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Goldsmith, G. R. (6 August 2015). "The field guide, rebooted".
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million observations and as of October 2023 there were 181
2016:"How is data harvested from iNaturalist and fed into the ALA?" 2560: 2544: 2132:"Resources search -- iNaturalist Research-Grade Observations" 1987: 413: 409: 403:
tool, first released in 2017. Images can be identified via a
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built on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of
367: 2452: 1716: 933:"Sharing data while protecting privacy in citizen science" 930: 88: 1910: 1427: 604:, first described in the 1700s, was also rediscovered in 207:
mobile applications." Most of iNaturalist's software is
2182:"Citizen science leads to snail rediscovery in Vietnam" 622:
first discovered with the aid of iNaturalist was named
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through two mobile apps: iNaturalist (iOS/Android) and
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Users can interact with iNaturalist in several ways:
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Screenshot of an observation at iNaturalist.org with
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Website and app for sharing biodiversity observations
1534:"This New App Is Like Shazam for Your Nature Photos" 2207:"Five Surprising Discoveries Made With iNaturalist" 2059: 394: 1926: 1776:"Adventure Scientists Wildlife Connectivity Study" 749:"INaturalistWeb — Translation Project on Crowdin" 2603: 1871:"City Nature Challenge 2017 iNaturalist Project" 1849:"City Nature Challenge 2016 iNaturalist Project" 1802:"Reptile, amphibian BioBlitzes tap social media" 1398: 1396: 1655: 1653: 896: 894: 2475: 2174: 2084: 2033: 1210: 1085: 1393: 1258: 1256: 926: 924: 922: 567:The iNaturalist website and mobile apps are 493:Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 1885: 1710: 1650: 1503: 1501: 891: 865: 863: 840: 838: 789: 787: 785: 783: 755: 2482: 2468: 2010: 2008: 1898:Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County 1602: 1585:"iNaturalist Computer Vision Explorations" 1577: 1525: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1360: 1358: 1331: 1307: 1133: 1131: 321:through partner organizations such as the 2389: 1980: 1793: 1751:"North American Animal Tracking Database" 1743: 1734: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1453: 1421: 1253: 1232: 1218:"50 million observations on iNaturalist!" 1091: 919: 809: 722: 720: 718: 2370: 2217: 2199: 2148: 2142: 2124: 1768: 1624: 1498: 1470: 871:"iNaturalist application (iTunes Store)" 860: 835: 780: 585:Global Biodiversity Information Facility 480: 473:teamed up with iNaturalist to celebrate 465:teamed up with iNaturalist to celebrate 428: 328: 323:Global Biodiversity Information Facility 2622:Internet properties established in 2008 2253: 2005: 1904: 1891: 1863: 1841: 1812: 1659: 1555: 1479:"Letter of Recommendation: iNaturalist" 1355: 1128: 980: 846:"iNaturalist application (Google Play)" 2604: 2531:Australian Citizen Science Association 2345: 2109: 1955: 1800:Holtz, Debra Levi (October 10, 2011). 1683: 1531: 1315:"Seek by iNaturalist on the App Store" 1288: 1184: 715: 2463: 1799: 1238: 1165: 1161: 1159: 1030: 636:that pays homage to iNaturalist. The 357:The iNaturalist platform is based on 1476: 463:United Nations Environment Programme 311:through the iNaturalist.org website, 2489: 1666:National Geographic Society (blogs) 1239:Hance, Jeremy (November 10, 2014). 1059: 282:(clasping milkweed) for iNaturalist 128:million registered users (May 2024) 13: 2067:"User:Kaldari/iNaturalist2Commons" 1156: 657:Other research has focused on the 14: 2648: 2444: 1563:"Welcome, iNaturalist Australia!" 2510:List of citizen science projects 2371:Mitchell, Charlie (2024-03-29). 696: 681: 401:automated species identification 395:Automated species identification 289: 269: 120: 119: 25: 2364: 2339: 2308: 2149:Landhuis, Esther (2015-02-06). 1913:"City Nature Challenge RESULTS" 1282: 1067:"ALA—iNaturalist collaboration" 491:In 2016, Lila Higgins from the 352: 219:iNaturalist began in 2008 as a 2346:Cantor, Matthew (2022-09-19). 2211:Natural History Museum of Utah 1660:Seltzer, Carrie (2016-08-25). 741: 628:so that its abbreviated form, 497:California Academy of Sciences 233:California Academy of Sciences 1: 1723:The Canadian Field-Naturalist 1194:. 14 May 2014. Archived from 1042:biodiversityadvisor.sanbi.org 734: 1892:Higgins, Lila (4 May 2018). 1532:Elbein, Asher (2018-03-21). 1509:"Seek App - iNaturalist.org" 1289:Loarie, Scott (2023-07-11). 819:. 7 May 2014. Archived from 520: 300:photo license type indicated 260: 198:efforts, providing valuable 7: 2632:Wild animals identification 2536:Citizen Science Association 2186:Mongabay Environmental News 1477:Jabr, Ferris (2017-12-06). 578: 424: 237:National Geographic Society 138:; 16 years ago 10: 2653: 2541:Cornell Lab of Ornithology 1824:worldenvironmentday.global 1166:Lohan, Tara (2024-01-08). 763:"Year On iNaturalist 2022" 495:and Alison Young from the 484: 214: 2518: 2497: 2278:10.11646/zootaxa.5380.3.1 2239:10.11646/zootaxa.3620.1.8 2096:wikilovesinat.netlify.app 2041:"Knowledge:FAQ/Copyright" 1696:"citynaturechallenge.org" 1071:Atlas of Living Australia 674: 615:Andinobates cassidyhornae 558:Atlas of Living Australia 541:. The default license is 539:Creative Commons licenses 389:Atlas of Living Australia 250:million observations (163 150: 132: 113: 105: 97: 83: 61: 53: 45: 33: 24: 2092:"Wiki loves iNaturalist" 1736:10.22621/cfn.v131i4.2099 708: 618:. In 2023, a species of 595:) is moving northward. 589:Hopkin's rose nudibranch 1806:San Francisco Chronicle 1264:"iNaturalist.org Stats" 1114:10.1126/science.aac7810 1008:10.1126/science.1246752 668:Pachydiplax longipennis 279:Asclepias amplexicaulis 2627:Biodiversity databases 2505:Do-it-yourself biology 2333:10.12933/therya-19-776 601:Myxostoma petiverianum 505:San Francisco Bay Area 437: 433:Using the iNaturalist 334: 2163:on September 17, 2021 2071:commons.wikimedia.org 1610:"A New Vision Model!" 487:City Nature Challenge 481:City Nature Challenge 467:World Environment Day 459:National Park Service 432: 332: 254:million verifiable). 224:School of Information 647:frosted phoenix moth 569:open-source software 2637:Mobile applications 2410:2019EcolL..22..437M 2156:National Geographic 1967:creativecommons.org 1565:. 30 September 2019 1446:2019Ecogr..42.1436D 1404:"Managing Projects" 1220:. 20 September 2020 1106:2015Sci...349..594G 823:on December 8, 2014 593:Ceratodoris rosacea 571:released under the 535:all rights reserved 316:Seek by iNaturalist 229:Stanford University 188:mobile applications 165:501(c)(3) nonprofit 151:Current status 21: 2377:www.thepress.co.nz 2116:iNaturalistAndroid 2047:. 15 November 2020 1672:on August 25, 2016 1484:The New York Times 1455:10.1111/ecog.04469 438: 335: 276:Taking a photo of 176:citizen scientists 19: 2599: 2598: 2418:10.1111/ele.13200 1638:. 28 January 2017 1038:"Citizen science" 1002:(6187): 1246752. 515:COVID-19 pandemic 510:community science 318:(iOS/Android), or 158: 157: 46:Available in 2644: 2612:Biology websites 2484: 2477: 2470: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2455: 2453:Official website 2438: 2437: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2384: 2383: 2368: 2362: 2361: 2359: 2358: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2312: 2306: 2305: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2193: 2178: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2168: 2159:. Archived from 2146: 2140: 2139: 2128: 2122: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2088: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2063: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2037: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2012: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1984: 1978: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1959: 1953: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1933: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1919: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1889: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1845: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1835: 1826:. Archived from 1816: 1810: 1809: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1787: 1772: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1714: 1708: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1692: 1681: 1680: 1678: 1677: 1668:. Archived from 1657: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1628: 1622: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1606: 1600: 1599: 1597: 1596: 1581: 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1559: 1553: 1552: 1550: 1549: 1540:. 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