Île de la Cité - Knowledge

91: 644: 632: 1087: 286: 1016: 702: 53: 1196: 1485: 924: 1390: 536: 714: 1591: 1004: 1500: 1605: 484: 259:, where the temples and baths were located. However, in the 3rd century AD, a series of invasions by Germanic tribes began; the Roman town on the left bank was sacked in 275–76. Afterwards, the left bank was largely abandoned. Beginning in 307 AD, the forum, amphitheater, and other structures were demolished and the stone was used to construct a rampart around the island, as well as to construct new buildings. The stone wall was not very high - only about two meters - but was apparently topped by a further wooden palisade. The island became an important defensive position on the northern flank of the Roman Empire. In 451, during the late Roman Empire, when the 587: 828: 69: 1184: 992: 936: 608: 843: 1099: 1264: 1252: 855: 1172: 1165:

Gothic hall, with four naves divided by rows massive pillars, which was originally known as the Hall of the Men-at-Arms. It was used primarily as a dining hall for the two thousand employees in the King's service. Four stairways originally reached upward to the grand ceremonial hall on the first floor, where the Parliament met and court festivities were held. Most of this floor was destroyed by fire in 1618, but some vestiges remain, including pieces of the enormous black marble table that was a centrepiece of the hall. They now hang on the south wall of the lower chamber.

620: 1276: 948: 207: 728: 1620: 1634: 972:, Bishop of Paris. It was originally located on the other side of the Parvis, along the river, with a second building on the left Bank of the Seine. The old hospital was famous for its overcrowding, with several patients in each bed. It was rebuilt several times. During the French Revolution it was re-named the "House of Humanity", in keeping with the secular principles of the revolution. The present hospital was begun by Napoleon III in 1863 and completed in 1877. The design, in an Italian Renaissance style, was by the architect 1378: 1234:, who was held at the Conciergerie for seventy-six days: from 2 August until 16 October 1793. She was confined to a small cell where she was watched day and night by two guards until her trial. The following day, she was taken on a cart to her execution, along a street lined with thirty thousand soldiers and crowds of jeering Parisians. After the Restoration of the monarchy, in 1816, her original cell was transformed into a chapel. Another cell nearby, very similar to her original cell, gives visitors an idea of her final days. 816: 1515: 688: 1655: 1534: 1571: 1075: 1326: 252:, along the Seine in the Paris suburbs. Some historians have put forward this settlement at Nanterre as the Lutetia of the Gauls, rather than Île de la Cité. Other historians point out that Caesar described "Lutetia, fortress ('oppidum') of the Parisii, situated on an island." They say that the absence of traces of pre-Roman settlement discovered so far on Île de la Cité is due primarily to the continuous building and rebuilding on the island over the centuries. 271: 1421:. It features marble classical columns, pediments and bas-reliefs; there are sculpted lions on the grand stairways, eagles on the roof and statues of famous jurists in togas along the facade. Like the Paris Opera of the same period, it is in the style of Napoleon III. It was nearly completed in 1871 when Napoleon III was deposed. The Paris Commune set fire to the unfinished palace, partially destroying it; but it was later restored and completed. 367: 351: 1223:, prepared execution sentences in advance with the names left blank - to speed the court procedure. After very rapid trials with little opportunity for defence, the tribune sent thousands of prisoners to the guillotine. Convicted prisoners were usually executed the day after their trial. They had their necks shaved and their collars widened, and were taken in cartloads of ten or twelve prisoners to the Place de la Revolution (today's 2699: 1034:

16th century it was the residence of many of the canons of the cathedral. It was closed to the outside world by gates, no commerce was permitted, and no women were allowed except those of "respectable age". Several residences remain from this period; the house at 24 rue Chanoinesse, from about 1512, has large doors leading to an interior courtyard and dormer windows jutting up from the roof. It is now covered with

670:. The monument is at a lower level than the park, reached by a narrow stairway. It is extremely stark and simple, composed of a triangular courtyard giving access to a crypt and corridor. The walls of the crypt are inscribed with the names of concentration camps and with quotations by writers; the corridor is lined with two hundred thousand small glass crystals, each representing a victim of the deportations. 76: 1053:, in 1418. In what became one of the most celebrated romantic tragedies in French history, she secretly married Abelard; her furious father had him arrested and castrated. Both Abelard and Heloise finished their lives living in monasteries. The original house of Héloïse was demolished in 1849, but the present house has a plaque commemorating its role in the tragic story. 282:, residing in Gaul from 355 to 361, described "a small island lying in the river; a wall entirely surrounds it, and wooden bridges lead to it on both sides." At what was then the western end of the island was the residence of the Roman governor, near the present Palais de Justice. It was described as a "Palace", but appears to have been a very modest residence. 1442:, at the downstream end of the island, was originally the garden of the royal palace. Known as "The King's Orchard", it was filled with vegetable gardens, fruit trees and flower beds. Beginning in 1609 King Henry IV turned it into a residential square, facing the palace, similar to the square he began at the 1113:

The Quai de l'Horloge takes its name from the clock in the tower on the northeastern corner of the palace. The tower was built between 1350 and 1353 as a watchtower. When it was constructed, it was directly on the Seine. The stone walls of the Quai de l'Horloge, built beginning in 1611, created space

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of 1871 brought a brief wave of destruction. In the final days of the Commune, the Communards set fire to the Palace of Justice, and attempted to burn down Notre-Dame de Paris. A large part of the Palace of Justice was destroyed, but Notre-Dame was saved by the cathedral staff, suffering only minimal

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In addition to the residence of the Roman governor, the island contained the civic basilica, which held the courts of justice. It was located near the present flower market and Metro station, and was a large rectangular building 70 by 35 meters in size, with a central nave and two collateral aisles.

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At the time that the statue was installed on the bridge, it stood at the very tip of island. In 1884 the end of the island was extended over a sandbar with the construction of new quays, and planted with trees. This became the new Square of Vert-Galant. Its name comes from the king's nickname as an

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is 35 metres (115 ft) high. The current spire is 33 metres (108 ft) high, but it is not original. In fact, it is the fifth spire to adorn the Sainte-Chapelle. It was made in 1852–53, following the model of the 15th century spire. The 19th-century sculpture, inspired by medieval models, was

1145:. The Tower of Caesar and the Silver Tower flank the gateway. The Tower of Caesar was built on a Gallo-Roman foundation, while the Silver Tower served as the royal treasury. The third and oldest tower - the only one with tooth-like crenellations around the top - is the Tower Bonbec. It was built by 1109:

The old royal palace lay along the Quai de l'Horloge, on the northeast side of the island. With the departure of the kings of France to the Louvre and then to Versailles, the palace gradually was transformed into the judicial center of the Kingdom, containing the courts, administrative offices and a

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During this period, new streets and houses were constructed on the island, which became more and more densely populated. The crowding of the island, and the resulting problems of narrow streets jammed with traffic, pollution, and foul smells, caused the Kings of France to search for a new residence.

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The Parisii were famous traders, taking advantage of the trade routes by river throughout Europe. Coins minted by the Parisii, dating to about 100 BC, have been found in excavations across France and other parts of Europe. The island was the most convenient river crossing point, with bridges on both

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The jewellers' shops have since disappeared, but the street is notable for the imposing office building at 36 Quai de Orfèvres. Constructed between 1875 et 1880 by architects Émile Jacques Gilbert and Arthur-Stanislas Diet, it replaced an earlier building of the President of the Court of Appeals of

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Most of the very old residential quarters on the island were destroyed by Napoleon III and Baron Haussmann in the 19th century. Only one small area remains: the Canons' Quarter (Quartier des Chainoines), located between the Quai aux Fleurs, the rue d'Arcole and the rue du Cloitre-Notre Dame. In the

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The parvis or square in front of the cathedral - now officially known as Place Jean-Paul-II - is 135 metres (443 ft) long and 106 metres (348 ft) wide, six times larger than the original medieval square. The area in front of the church was packed with narrow houses and streets until Paris

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to develop it. Twelve lots were sold, and forty-five irregularly sized houses were constructed behind a standardised façade. The houses were built of brick, with limestone quoins supported on arcaded stone ground floors and capped by steep slate roofs with dormers - similar to the façades of Place

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windows; the glass was thicker than later windows, and consequently the colors were deeper and richer, with reds and blues predominant. There are more than thirteen hundred small panels of stained glass, each containing a biblical scene. More than two-thirds of the original stained glass survived,

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A large square – Place Louis-Lepine – is located in the center of the island, in front of the Prefecture of Police. It hosts a famous flower market, which was created by an ordinance of Napoleon in January 1808. It occupies the space between Place-Louis Lepine and the Seine. In 2016 the market was

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From early times wooden bridges linked the island to the riverbanks on either side. The Grand Pont (or Pont au Change) spanned the wider reach to the Right Bank, while the Petit Pont crossed the narrower channel to the Left Bank. The first stone bridge was built in 1378 at the site of the present

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The older portion of the building, the Conciergerie, was turned into a state prison from about 1370, as the Kings moved out to live elsewhere. The original entrance to the building was on what is now the first floor, since the street level was gradually raised. Within the entrance is a very large

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The parts of the palace further west were constructed under Napoleon III in the neo-classical style, with Corinthian pillars. The buildings were gradually taken over entirely by the judicial function. They now house the highest court in France: the Court of Appeals, created in 1790. The various

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The main entrance is located on the Boulevard du Palais, behind a very elaborate wrought-iron gate. The main entrance dates to 1783–87, and features a grand staircase and classical peristyle. Until the 1840s, the entry courtyard was also occupied by the stalls of merchants, making it extremely

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In the early 19th century, with the restoration of the monarchy, the old palace was substantially rebuilt for its function as the center of the judicial system. An expiatory chapel was built where the cell of Marie-Antoinette had been. Between 1820 and 1828, the façade between the Tower of the

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including fifteen Early Gothic windows from the 13th century and the later Gothic rose window from the 15th century. The upper portion of the chapel, where the relics were displayed, was reserved for the royal family, while the ground floor was used by the courtiers and servants of the court.

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tribe. The island may have served them as a convenient place to cross the Seine, a base for a flourishing trading network by river, and a place of refuge in times of invasion. However, no significant traces of a settlement earlier than the 1st century AD have been found to date on the island.

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The Quai des Orfèvres, "The Quay of the Goldmsiths and Silversmiths", is on the southwestern side of the island, alongside the Palace of Justice and the Place Dauphine. In its earlier days, a poultry market was held here; as a result policemen were referred to by the slang term "poulets" or

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Rue de Harlay runs across the island on the northwest side, separating the Palais de Justice from the Place Dauphine. It is named for Achille de Harlay, the first president of the Parlement of Paris in the early 17th century; his house stood in that location until it was demolished for the

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buildings of the Palais de Justice cover about a third of the island, and at their peak employed about four thousand employees. They are still occupied largely by the courts and offices of the justice system, though some functions have moved to a new building on the outskirts of Paris.

330:(c. 941–996), the founder of the Capetian dynasty, began as ruler of a kingdom not much larger than the Paris region, but through conquest and marriage, he and his descendants made the Kingdom of France into an important European power. The visible symbol of Capetian power was the 979:

Historical buildings close to the same site included the Hospice of Found Children, built in 1670, where new-born babies could be abandoned without explanation at any hour of the day or night. It received up to eight thousand children a year before the French Revolution.

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A plaque on the parvis thirty meters in front of the central portal marks the point from which distances by road to other cities in France are measured. This same area, in medieval times, was the location of the stocks, where notorious prisoners were displayed in chains.

570:- which had been turned into a storehouse for legal documents - was restored to its medieval splendor. The façade of the Palace of Justice was entirely rebuilt between 1847 and 1871. The medieval hall and the Bonbec Tower were restored to their original appearance. 654:

The Place de l'Île de la Cité is a small park located at the extreme eastern tip of the island, behind the cathedral. It originally was a separate island, called La Motte-aux-Papelards, made up in part of debris from the construction of the cathedral. In 1864,

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in 1871. All that remains of his residence is the Guards' Hall: originally, an antechamber to the residence. From the west side of the back wall runs a passage known as the "Rue de Paris"; it was used by the royal executioner, nicknamed "Monsieur de Paris".

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hospital sounded too religious for the secular revolutionaries, so its name was changed to the "House of Humanity". Restoration of the revolutionary damage did not begin until the 1830s, particularly following the success of Victor Hugo's 1831 novel

559:, ordered the demolition of the old streets and buildings and the opening of wide avenues and squares. The Parvis in front of the cathedral was greatly increased in size. In 1867, Napoleon III also demolished the overcrowded medieval hospital, the 968:, located between the Parvis of Notre-Dame on the south and the Quai de la Corse on the north, is the oldest hospital in Paris. It is reputed to be the oldest still-functioning hospital in the world. Tradition says it was founded in 651 by 515:

Notre-Dame de Paris also suffered during the French Revolution; it was closed and then turned into a Temple of Reason; much of the sculpture - particularly in the portals on the west front - was defaced or destroyed. The neighbouring

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Most of the facade along the Seine on the Quai de l'Horloge was rebuilt in the Neo-Gothic style in the 19th century. The exceptions are the three towers that follow the tower of the Horloge, which date to about 1300, in the reign of

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damage. Between 1904 and 1914, the Palace of Justice was finally completed. The Conciergerie had been declared an historic monument in 1862. It was opened to the public in 1914, and the remaining prison sections were closed in 1934.

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In the 18th century, the Conciergerie on the island became the scene of some of the most dramatic events of the French Revolution. In 1788, the Constituent Assembly, meeting in the former royal palace, refused the demands of

1015: 900:, which contains the courts of business and commerce. The judges of this court are not lawyers, but business people elected for 2–4 year terms. The building was constructed between 1860 and 1865 in the extremely ornate 1334:"chickens". Its current name dates from the 17th and 18th centuries, when many celebrated Paris jewellers had their shops here; including Boehmer and Bassenge - who made a famous necklace for Marie-Antoinette - and 888:

in August 1944, the building was the scene of fierce fighting. When the French police went on strike, the occupying German forces attacked the building with tanks. One hundred and sixty-seven policemen were killed.

241:. In 53 BC, during the conquest of Gaul, Caesar came to Lutetia and met with the leaders of the Gallic tribes. They agreed to submit to Rome, but then almost immediately rebelled. Caesar sent one of his generals, 300:

is today. The island was much smaller then; the Roman wharf is now well inland, far from the present edge of the island. Remains of the wharf can be seen in the archeological crypt under the Parvis, in front of

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Pont Saint-Michel; but ice floes carried it away, along with all the houses on it, 1408. The Grand Pont or Pont Notre-Dame - also swept away at intervals by floodwaters - and the Petit Pont were rebuilt by Fra

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A few portions of the old prison, which was in use from 1370 to 1914, still exist. The Revolutionary Tribunal was established on the first floor of the Palace of Justice from September 1793 until the fall of

1137:, the chief prosecutor of the Revolutionary Tribunal. He lived there with his wife and twins while conducting the trials in the lower courtroom which sent more than two thousand prisoners to the guillotine. 1130:, to signal the beginning of the attack on the Protestants of Paris. The original bell was melted down during the French Revolution, but was replaced in 1848. The gilding of the clock was restored in 2012. 90: 470:

made a major improvement to the island by building stone river banks to contain the river. This did not prevent a major flood of the Seine in 1689–90, which ruined the lower stained glass windows of the

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that he purchased in 1239 from the Emperor of Constantinople. He later added what was believed to be a fragment of the true cross. Work was already underway by 1241, and it was consecrated in 1248.

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Excavations for a car park under the square in 1965 uncovered vestiges of the original Gallo-Roman walls of the city and the Roman baths, dating to the 4th century. They are now open to the public.

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to Paris. On Sundays, it also becomes a large market for live birds and other pets. The square is the location of the only metro station on the island, with an Art Nouveau portal designed by

1358:(Directorate of the Judicial Police of the Paris Prefecture), its address featured in the titles of several very popular French films and detective novels. The fictional detective Inspector 1153:. Beginning in the 15th century it contained the torture chamber of the palace. For this reason its name was reputed to come from the expression "Bon Bec", or "To quickly untie the tongue". 1563:

completed the commission in 1618. The statue was destroyed in 1792 during the French Revolution, but was replaced in 1817 by the royal sculptor François Lemot, using casts of the original.

459:, in 1314, as the island was just below the towers of the Royal Palace. The junction of the small islands was completed in 1607, and the land was developed into the Place Dauphine and the 1455: 466:

Henry IV began the practice of selling lots on the island for private townhouses, particularly the development of the Place Dauphine at the east end of the island. In the same century,

1470:. Nearly all the buildings have been raised in height, given new façades, or replaced with modified versions of the originals. Notable residents of the Place included the film stars 1389: 1126:. The tower was originally topped by a silver bell, rung only to announce he death of the king or the birth of his heir. It was also rung on 24 August 1572, at the beginning of the 607: 897: 861: 643: 619: 2161: 504:

was taken to the Conciergerie, where she was imprisoned. After two and a half months she was tried, convicted, and sentenced to the guillotine. In September 1793, the radical

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In the following centuries, after the Kings departed, the island retained its importance as an administrative center. It was home to the courts and tribunals, as well as the

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An academic debate about the original location of Lutetia began in 2006, following the excavation in 1994–2005 of a large Gallic necropolis, with residences and temples, at

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at the beginning of the 16th century. The six arches of the Pont Notre-Dame supported gabled houses, some of half-timbered construction, until all were demolished in 1786.

1227:) for execution. In all, two thousand, seven hundred and eighty people were convicted and executed in this manner. Reconstructions of some of the cells can be seen today. 397:, began construction of a cathedral in the new Gothic style, to match the magnificence of the palace. The first stones of the foundation of the new cathedral were laid by 1466:

facing the equestrian statue of Henry IV on the far side of the Pont Neuf. The second was in the center of the eastern row of houses, which were badly damaged during the

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The Sainte-Chapelle measured 42.5 metres (139 ft) high – not counting the spire – which ranked it with the major cathedrals of the time. By comparison, the nave of

1086: 1003: 324:, that of Saint Etienne, was constructed in 540–545, close to the west front of the present Notre Dame de Paris and just a few hundred meters from the Royal Palace. 1219:

in 1794. The prisoners were crowded into common cells, and were not told of the specific charge against them until the day before the trial. The public prosecutor,

1118:, and faced the interior of the palace. In 1418 it was given an outside face, toward the city, and became the first municipal clock of Paris. In the 16th century, 976:. It has several buildings, connected by porticos. Until 1908, care in the hospital was provided by nuns; now it is part of the network of Paris public hospitals. 1317:

The chapel suffered major damage during the French Revolution. Afterwards, it was turned into a storehouse of documents for the neighbouring Ministry of Justice.

923: 713: 1551:, completed in 1606, was the first bridge in Paris to cross the entire length of the Seine, and the first that was not lined with houses. It was the project of 912:

in Italy, begun in 1604 but not finished until 1825. Napoleon III had admired it in 1859 during his military campaign which liberated Italy from Austrian rule.

3358: 877:. The metro station is unusually deep — twenty metres (66 ft) underground — because the tunnel carrying the trains must pass underneath the River Seine. 3046: 2740: 313:

Its foundations were discovered during the construction of the Metro station in 1906. It, too, was built with stones taken from the forum on the Left Bank.

245:, to subdue the Parisii. The Parisii burned the bridges to prevent his passage, but they were outmaneuvered and defeated in battle on the Plain of Auteuil. 1195: 884:. It was gradually expanded into a police headquarters with authority over the twenty districts of Paris and the departments surrounding Paris. During the 666:, a memorial to the two hundred thousand people who were sent to Nazi concentration camps during World War II. It was dedicated in 1962 by then-President 2982: 1555:. After the assassination of the king in 1610, it became the site of another innovation: the first equestrian statue in Paris. Commissioned in 1614 by 1878: 991: 842: 1499: 1377: 5387: 4473: 3607: 1484: 3247: 750:, and was largely completed by 1345. It is among the largest Gothic cathedrals in Europe, with a seating capacity of six-and-a-half thousand. The 827: 130:, the first King of the Franks, established his palace on the island. In the 12th century, it became an important religious center, the home of 2587: 1462:

There were originally two entrances to the Place Dauphine. One was at the downstream end, entering through a kind of gateway centred on paired

432:, which contained the royal prisons and judicial offices. Other important transformations were made to the island. In 1585, work began on the 5060: 1424:

One famous feature is the Hall of the "Pas Perdus", or "Last steps", where prisoners would be taken between the courtrooms and the prison.

1183: 3722: 178: 727: 5151: 3777: 3692: 3687: 3351: 3176: 663: 297: 290: 4969: 1098: 1045:, who lived on the second floor in the courtyard of the house at 7 rue des Ursines between 1672 and 1677. Another famous resident was 762:

in the mid-19th century. At ninety-six metres (315 ft) high, it was the tallest structure in Paris until the construction of the

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stormed the Conciergerie and massacred the remaining royalist prisoners. On 27 July 1795, it was the turn of the revolutionary leader

68: 5192: 5156: 3039: 2733: 1251: 4820: 3582: 1604: 451:, which were just to the west of the island, were joined to it. The Ilot des Juifs had been the site of the burning at the stake of 1206:

The residence of the king originally adjoined this part of the Palace, but its last remains were destroyed in the fires set by the

142:(possibly the oldest continuously operating hospital in the world). It is also the site of the city's oldest surviving bridge, the 1829:

Floods destroyed the bridge at intervals, the last houses being removed in 1809, and the present bridge was constructed in 1857. (

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des Vosges. Each house had a ground floor of arcades occupied by shops; two floors of living space; and an attic with skylights.

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and completed in 1607, is the oldest still in its original form, and the only one that goes from the right bank to the left bank

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at the far west end of the island. In 1607, Henry IV gave up the royal garden on the island, which was transformed into the

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on 15 April 2019 and the cathedral has been closed for restoration ever since. It is expected to re-open in December 2024.

4773: 3484: 385:, between 1242 and 1248. During the same period, the most famous landmark of the island was constructed: the cathedral of 5446: 5125: 5078: 947: 4692: 3732: 3567: 1275: 3257: 2552: 1778: 551:

In the mid-19th century, the island was overcrowded, with narrow streets and poor sanitation. It was hard hit by major

3672: 3612: 3308: 2977: 1478:, who occupied 15 Place Dauphin - above a bookstore - from their wedding in 1952 until the death of Signoret in 1985. 1263: 746:

is among the most visible and celebrated landmarks of Paris. Construction began in 1163, next to the older Romanesque

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in summer 2024 but is now expected to remain closed until December 2024. As of 2016, the island's population was 891.

189:, was badly damaged by a fire in 2019 and is currently closed. It had been hoped that it would reopen in time for the 52: 5300: 5097: 5053: 4579: 4488: 3762: 3587: 3288: 2967: 2939: 2642: 2514: 1134: 1127: 747: 390: 321: 309:, a group of statues erected by the boatmen of the city in the 1st century AD, honouring both Roman and Gallic gods. 4196: 3857: 1049:, the daughter of a canon named Fulbert, who lived at 9 Quai aux Fleurs. She was seduced by her philosophy teacher, 687: 1567:

admirer of women. The triangular park has some of the finest views of the buildings along both sides of the Seine.

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During the French Revolution, the attic on the top floor between the Silver Tower and Bonbec Tower was the home of

1074: 409:, the provost of the merchants, at a time when the French King was a hostage of the English, caused the next King, 3682: 3627: 5130: 3822: 2778: 1514: 800:

sculpture was made in 1878 by the brothers Louis and Charles Rochet in the romantic style. The legendary knights

5119: 4346: 3852: 3136: 3126: 5339: 3602: 2571: 535: 17: 4795: 1921: 1766: 211: 4589: 4518: 3213: 174: 157:, the island remained a centre of administration and law courts. In 1302, it hosted the first meeting of the 31: 3744: 3225: 1882: 1619: 5426: 5177: 5161: 5046: 4848: 3902: 3862: 3817: 3812: 3388: 3196: 2880: 2773: 1774: 755: 483: 3463: 1633: 5431: 5295: 3867: 3767: 3652: 3278: 3235: 3055: 2957: 2749: 2439: 1402: 523: 342:(1081–1137) tore down the old tower and built an even larger one, which remained until the 18th century. 221:, may have existed on the island since at least the 3rd century BC. The nearby area was inhabited by the 3303: 3293: 2972: 2897: 5287: 5279: 4564: 3887: 3218: 1559:- the widow and regent of the king - it was modelled after the equestrian statues of her native Italy. 586: 4079: 3702: 3298: 3241: 3013: 2997: 2992: 2987: 566:

The mid-19th century brought a new campaign of rebuilding and restoration. Between 1837 and 1863, the

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epidemics in 1832 and 1849, which killed thousands of Parisians. The new President, and then Emperor,

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built the Grand Chamber and new walls, with two towers: the Tower of Caesar and the Tower of Silver.

181:, a memorial to the 200,000 people deported from Vichy France to Nazi concentration camps during the 4739: 4687: 4630: 4594: 4411: 4191: 3273: 2962: 1865: 5107: 4756: 4667: 4569: 4544: 4493: 4336: 4027: 3877: 3792: 3772: 3592: 3553: 3203: 2824: 1689: 1066: 834: 767: 170: 5243: 3995: 3927: 3917: 3842: 3662: 3156: 1706: 751: 4996: 4751: 4677: 4662: 4599: 4468: 4401: 3965: 3283: 3208: 3141: 1770: 1730: 796:

on horseback, by the river in front of the cathedral, is the largest monument on the Parvis. The

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The present bridge dates from 1853, with the central arches replaced by an iron span in 1967. (

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Square of l'Île de la Cité and entrance to the Memorial to the Martyrs of the Deportation

331: 8: 5228: 5069: 4805: 4615: 4584: 4296: 4211: 4206: 4099: 4084: 3807: 3802: 3782: 3562: 3533: 3230: 3191: 2892: 1737: 1714: 1556: 1302: 1142: 1119: 1115: 885: 743: 679: 410: 386: 371: 302: 206: 186: 165:. Today, in addition to the prominent cathedral and other shrines, it is the home of the 131: 4416: 4396: 3985: 3960: 3955: 3707: 3572: 1843: 548:

was imprisoned there for a time following a failed attempt to overthrow the government.

185:, is located at the eastern end of the island. One of the city's most famous landmarks, 5355: 5331: 4934: 4873: 4539: 4478: 4316: 4256: 4246: 4236: 4221: 4186: 4089: 3945: 3872: 3528: 3457: 3403: 3375: 2875: 2581: 1747: 1674: 1552: 1369: 870: 497: 425: 398: 339: 161:

in the old royal palace and was later the site of the trials of aristocrats during the

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The east end of the island, and wall of the Memorial to the Martyrs of the Deportation

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chose it as the new site for the Paris morgue, which remained there for fifty years.

428:: an assembly of nobles who formally registered royal proclamations. It included the 255:

After the conquest of the Parisii, the Roman town of Lutetia developed mainly on the

162: 4929: 4853: 4251: 4005: 3990: 3697: 3489: 3151: 707:

Place Jean-Paul II, the parvis of Notre-Dame de Paris, seen from the cathedral tower

122:. In the 4th century, it was the site of the fortress of the area governor for the 5218: 4840: 4785: 4746: 4554: 4513: 4439: 4341: 4331: 4321: 4216: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4114: 4015: 3922: 3617: 3548: 3515: 3423: 3367: 3252: 2934: 1720: 1702: 1659: 1639: 1625: 1443: 1410: 1231: 901: 881: 501: 452: 394: 279: 182: 4654: 4381: 4241: 4000: 3980: 3717: 3712: 3146: 2904: 1294:(later Saint Louis) to display sacred relics of the Crucifixion; particularly the 758:, originally built in 1220–1230, was removed in the 17th century, then rebuilt by 448: 35: 5223: 5196: 5135: 4944: 4914: 4830: 4825: 4644: 4559: 4508: 4406: 4391: 4386: 4366: 4291: 4231: 4069: 3907: 3577: 3383: 3166: 2788: 1733:, from the southeast end of the island to the Quai de Montebello on the Left Bank 1724: 1695: 1475: 1363: 1295: 1287: 1243: 1150: 969: 779: 656: 472: 456: 382: 359: 274:

Map of Paris in the 9th century, showing the city concentrated on Île de la Cité.

264: 135: 106: 4981: 4924: 4800: 1290:

was the royal chapel, located in the courtyard of the palace. It was created by

512:

to be arrested, brought to the Conciergerie, tried, and sent to the guillotine.

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Direction régionale de la police judiciaire de la préfecture de police de Paris

905: 893: 874: 567: 437: 406: 242: 222: 4964: 4763: 4361: 4351: 3727: 3024: 2718: 1763: 544:

Horloge and the Tower of Bonbec was rebuilt. It remained a prison; the future

393:, had been constructed in the Romanesque style. In 1160, the bishop of Paris, 5420: 5402: 5389: 5248: 4909: 4714: 4710: 4483: 4376: 4371: 4326: 4286: 4261: 4139: 4094: 3642: 3469: 2914: 2870: 2848: 2836: 2704: 1736:

The Pont Au Double, from the Quai de Montebello on Left Bank to the front of

1654: 1359: 1351: 1310: 1207: 1123: 1050: 1022: 574: 505: 418: 238: 150: 4729: 1533: 1122:

had the clock redecorated with sculpture by the French Renaissance sculptor

500:, the mayor of Paris, sealed the doors of the royal palace. In August 1793, 320:, the first King of the Franks, who chose Paris as his capital, in 508. The 5022: 4959: 4878: 4863: 4734: 4503: 4356: 4161: 4039: 3452: 3448: 3433: 3428: 3413: 3408: 2865: 2819: 1471: 1046: 1026: 1021:

9 Quai aux Fleurs, Site of the home of Heloise in the tragic love story of

880:

The Prefecture of Police was built under Napoleon III as a barracks of the

775: 763: 556: 545: 429: 123: 1570: 114:), 22.5 hectares (56 acres) in size, is one of two natural islands in the 4534: 4276: 4166: 4064: 3509: 1782: 1560: 1414: 1325: 1216: 1042: 793: 734: 600:

Square de l'Île de la Cité and Memorial to the Martyrs of the Deportation

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Hall of the Pas Perdu, Vestibule of the Palais de Justice, Rue de Harlay

908:

opera house, built at about the same time. Its dome was inspired by the

4949: 4156: 4151: 3131: 3069: 2924: 2831: 1710: 1339: 560: 517: 467: 327: 270: 210:

Image of Jupiter on the Pillar of the Boatmen (1st century AD), Cluny,

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The Cour de Cassation of the Palais de Justice, on the Rue de Harlay

869:

renamed the Marché aux fleurs Reine-Elizabeth-II, during the visit of

539:

Haussmann's demolition of the overcrowded streets of the island (1862)

366: 305:. One important monument left by the Parisii was discovered here: the 4281: 4266: 3161: 2919: 2599:(in French). Éditions du Patrimoine, Centre des Monuments Nationaux. 1670: 1575: 1548: 493: 433: 237:

The first recorded mention of the island is in the "Commentaries" of

143: 1370:

The Rue de Harlay and the Cour de Cassation of the Palais de Justice

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Currently eight bridges connect the island with the rest of Paris.

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Place Louis-Lepine, the Flower Market and the Tribunal of Commerce

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One celebrated inhabitant of the neighborhood was the playwright

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The great treasure of The Sainte-Chapelle is the 13th century

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In 486, Saint Genevieve negotiated the submission of Paris to

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Discovering the Hidden Treasures of Ile de la Cite in Paris

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enlargement of the Palace of Justice. The building of the

30:"Island of Paris" redirects here. Not to be confused with 2480: 2343: 2316: 2294: 2292: 2240: 2238: 2213: 2211: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2132: 2130: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2082: 804:

and Olivier are portrayed walking alongside the emperor.

673: 334:, which he and his descendants enlarged and embellished. 2367: 2055: 1994: 1992: 1961: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1578:

and Square du Vert-Galant seen from the west, downstream

2468: 2456: 2421: 2382: 2331: 2274: 2262: 1785:, has an exit on the island in front of the cathedral. 1038:. Another good example is found at 12 Rue Chanoinesse. 766:. The spire and much of the roof were destroyed by the 2304: 2289: 2235: 2223: 2208: 2196: 2179: 2127: 2098: 2079: 2045: 2043: 1009:

A canon's house from 16th c. at no. 12 rue Chanoinesse

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A canon's house at 24 Rue Chanoinesse, built in 1512

2067: 2040: 2028: 2004: 1949: 1688:on the right bank to the Quai de l'Horloge and the 1446:a few years earlier. It was named for his son, the 401:, in 1163. Its construction spanned two centuries. 149:Even with the departure of the French kings to the 1868:at PronounceItRight.com (retrieved 6 October 2015) 1405:, a kind of French Supreme Court, looks over the 929:The Hôtel-Dieu seen from the tower of Notre-Dame 443:When the Pont Neuf was built, two small islands, 5418: 2507:The Paris of Henri IV: Architecture and Urbanism 1911:, published 6 March 2023, accessed 14 March 2023 1409:. Its highly theatrical facade was designed by 1230:The best-known victim of this process was Queen 3054: 2748: 719:Vestiges of Gallo-Roman baths under the parvis 5054: 3352: 3248:Salle des Traditions de la Garde Républicaine 3040: 2734: 2673:Notre-Dame, Île de la Cité et Île Saint-Louis 1454:). He asked the president of the Parliament, 1329:Prefecture of Police on the Quai des Orfèvres 563:, and replaced it with the present building. 405:A rebellion of the Parisians in 1358, led by 267:led the defence of the city from the island. 57:Île de la Cité, in the center of Paris (2014) 3698:Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge 2715:- current photographs and of the years 1900. 2528:(in French). Monum- Éditions du Patrimoine. 370:The island in 1609 (Plan de Vassalieu) with 296:The Roman also built a new wharf, where the 2561: 2509:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. 1529:The Pont Neuf and the Square du Vert Galant 1114:for a road. The first clock was ordered by 1057:Quai de l'Horloge and the Palace of Justice 496:to turn over some of its members. In 1790, 5061: 5047: 3778:Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist 3359: 3345: 3047: 3033: 2741: 2727: 2594: 2586:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2376: 2361: 2349: 1831:Photos et historique: Le pont Saint-Michel 848:Metro station "Cité" on Place Louis-Lépine 664:Memorial to the Martyrs of the Deportation 354:The royal palace on Île de la Cité in the 2632: 2061: 774:was rebuilt in a more expansive style by 2670: 2651: 2489: 2474: 2462: 2427: 2403: 2391: 2337: 2325: 2310: 2298: 2283: 2268: 2256: 2244: 2229: 2217: 2202: 2190: 2136: 2092: 2022: 1844:Photos et historique: Le pont Notre Dame 1653: 1569: 1532: 1324: 1201:Gateways of the Hall of the Men at Arms 1104:Court of Honor of the Palace of Justice 1080:The tower of the Horloge with its belfry 585: 534: 482: 365: 349: 284: 269: 205: 89: 27:Island in the river Seine, Paris, France 5068: 4779:Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial 1905:Notre Dame finally has a reopening date 1413:, whose other famous Paris work is the 892:Alongside the Quai de la Corse, at the 153:across the right bank, and then to the 14: 5419: 2542: 2523: 2504: 2415: 2121: 1998: 1970: 1955: 1943: 1237: 1189:The recreated cell of Marie-Antoinette 983: 674:The Cathedral and Parvis of Notre-Dame 298:Parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul II 291:Parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul II 179:Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation 75: 5042: 3688:Musée national des Monuments Français 3608:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme 3340: 3177:Marché aux fleurs, Place Louis Lépine 3028: 2722: 2618:(in French). Editions du Patrimoine. 2613: 2597:La Sainte-Chapelle- Palais de la Cité 2564:La place Dauphine et l'île de la Cité 2109: 2073: 2049: 2034: 2010: 381:built his new chapel, the jewel-like 105: 5316:The Quai Saint-Michel and Notre-Dame 5018:List of tourist attractions in Paris 3693:Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 3366: 3172:Maison européenne de la photographie 1658:Plaque commemorating the burning of 1320: 530: 345: 138:, as well as the city hospital, the 5079:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris 3583:Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie 2616:La Conciergerie - Palais de la Cité 1881:. Paris City Vision. Archived from 1750:across the center of the island to 1306:cast in lead by Geoffrey-Dechaume. 1257:Upper chapel of the Sainte-Chapelle 487:The island in 1739 (Plan de Turgot) 440:, and the Pont Neuf was completed. 134:cathedral, and the royal chapel of 24: 1723:, from Notre-dame de Paris to the 1350:Paris, which was destroyed by the 1177:The Gothic Hall of the Men at Arms 1092:Clock of the Tower of the Horloge 356:Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry 25: 5458: 4774:Mémorial de la France combattante 4489:Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge 3588:Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume 2940:Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume 2690: 2675:(in English and French). Massin. 2545:Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris 1698:, across the center of the island 1427: 1135:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville 941:Hôtel-Dieu side facing the Seine 915: 748:Cathedral of Saint Etienne, Paris 5324:Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi 4693:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye 2697: 1801:The other natural island is the 1632: 1618: 1603: 1589: 1513: 1498: 1483: 1388: 1376: 1281:The ceiling of the lower chapel 1274: 1262: 1250: 1194: 1182: 1170: 1097: 1085: 1073: 1014: 1002: 990: 946: 934: 922: 853: 841: 826: 814: 726: 712: 700: 686: 642: 630: 618: 606: 201: 74: 67: 51: 3678:Musée national Eugène Delacroix 2779:Saint-Leu-Saint-Gilles de Paris 2654:Grammaire des jardins Parisiens 2498: 2444: 2433: 2154: 2142: 1866:Pronunciation of Île de la Cité 1836: 1823: 1808: 833:Place Louis-Lépine, facing the 478: 5340:The Notre Dame de Paris Mosque 4197:Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall 3258:Rosiers–Joseph Migneret Garden 1976: 1914: 1897: 1871: 1859: 1795: 1128:St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre 594: 289:Archeological crypt under the 13: 1: 4821:Sèvres – Cité de la céramique 4791:Musée de l'air et de l'espace 3733:Palais de la Légion d'Honneur 3683:Musée national Gustave Moreau 2595:de Finance, Laurence (2012). 2562:de Brunhoff, Jacques (1987). 2547:(in French). Robert Laffont. 1853: 953:Inner court of the Hôtel-Dieu 898:Tribunal de Commerce de Paris 862:Tribunal de Commerce de Paris 175:Tribunal de commerce de Paris 32:Parris Island, South Carolina 5120:Musée de Notre Dame de Paris 4849:Bastille Day military parade 4347:Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré 3813:Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle 3738:Musée de la Légion d'honneur 3673:Musée National d'Art Moderne 3613:Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris 3389:Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 2983:Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre 2881:Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 2652:Jarrassé, Dominique (2007). 1757: 1354:in 1871. As the home of the 756:Spire of Notre-Dame de Paris 737:by the Parvis of Notre Dame 389:. An earlier cathedral, the 217:A Gallic settlement, called 7: 5442:4th arrondissement of Paris 5437:1st arrondissement of Paris 5296:The Hunchback of Notre-Dame 3868:Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais 3236:Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais 3056:4th arrondissement of Paris 2750:1st arrondissement of Paris 2635:Connaissance du Vieux Paris 2633:Hillairet, Jacques (2017). 1505:17th-century residences of 524:The Hunchback of Notre-Dame 212:Musée National du Moyen Age 10: 5463: 5447:Islands of the River Seine 5288:Liberty Leading the People 5280:The Coronation of Napoleon 4565:Porte de La Chapelle Arena 3888:Saint-Pierre de Montmartre 3763:Alexander Nevsky Cathedral 3745:Musée de la Vie romantique 3226:Quai des Célestins (Paris) 2764:Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption 2671:Lecompte, Francis (2013). 1582: 1540: 1431: 1241: 1149:, at the same time as the 1060: 957: 677: 662:Next to the square is the 391:Cathedral of Saint-Etienne 358:, circa 1410, showing the 196: 29: 5366: 5269: 5211: 5188:Relics of Sainte-Chapelle 5170: 5144: 5085: 5076: 5010: 4897: 4839: 4653: 4608: 4580:Stade Pierre de Coubertin 4527: 4430: 4075:Boulevard de la Madeleine 4048: 3936: 3863:Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois 3753: 3603:Musée des Arts et Métiers 3598:Musée des Arts décoratifs 3547: 3374: 3317: 3266: 3137:Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal 3127:Bazar de l'Hôtel de Ville 3119: 3097: 3079: 3062: 3006: 2950: 2854:Musée des Arts décoratifs 2797: 2774:Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois 2756: 782:in the mid-19th century. 649:Interior of the Memorial 62: 50: 45: 5108:Coronation of Napoleon I 4796:Musée Fragonard d'Alfort 4757:Walt Disney Studios Park 4678:Château de Fontainebleau 4590:Stade Sébastien Charléty 4545:Halle Georges Carpentier 4519:Coulée verte René-Dumont 4494:Parc des Buttes Chaumont 4337:Rue des Francs-Bourgeois 3878:Saint-Jean de Montmartre 3823:Notre-Dame-des-Victoires 3628:Musée de la Cinémathèque 3593:Louis Vuitton Foundation 1788: 1338:, who invented both the 1067:Palais de Justice, Paris 768:Notre-Dame de Paris fire 322:first cathedral of Paris 263:occupied the left bank, 4663:Basilica of Saint-Denis 4474:Parc Clichy-Batignolles 4080:Boulevard de Sébastopol 3209:Polish Library in Paris 3142:Centre Georges Pompidou 2614:Delon, Monique (2000). 2543:Fierro, Alfred (1996). 2524:Busson, Didier (2001). 2505:Ballon, Hilary (1991). 1779:Saint-Michel-Notre-Dame 5348:Assassin's Creed Unity 5098:Saint-Étienne de Paris 4740:Paris La Défense Arena 4688:Château de Rambouillet 4631:Père Lachaise Cemetery 4595:Vélodrome de Vincennes 4445:Jardin d'Acclimatation 4412:Saint-Germain-des-Prés 4192:Place de la République 3883:Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis 3858:Saint-Germain-des-Prés 3653:Musée Jacquemart-André 3568:Bibliothèque nationale 3214:Adam Mickiewicz Museum 1662: 1579: 1538: 1336:Georg Friedrich Strass 1330: 910:New Cathedral, Brescia 792:The statue of Emperor 591: 581: 540: 502:Queen Marie-Antoinette 488: 375: 363: 293: 275: 234:sides of the island. 214: 95: 5244:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc 5093:Pillar of the Boatmen 5002:World Heritage Centre 4992:Paris Zoological Park 4707:Gardens of Versailles 4621:Montparnasse Cemetery 4499:Parc Georges-Brassens 4302:Rue de la Ferronnerie 3903:Saint-Vincent-de-Paul 3853:Saint-François-Xavier 3843:Saint-Étienne-du-Mont 3818:Notre-Dame-de-Lorette 3798:Synagogue de Nazareth 3663:Musée Marmottan Monet 3648:Maison de Victor Hugo 3505:Philharmonie de Paris 3219:Salon Frédéric Chopin 3204:Pavillon de l'Arsenal 2930:Square du Vert-Galant 2149:Guide Michelin, Paris 1879:"The Seine's Islands" 1657: 1573: 1543:Square du Vert-Galant 1537:Square du Vert-Galant 1536: 1468:Paris Commune of 1871 1328: 974:Arthur-Stanislas Diet 760:Eugene Viollet-Le-Duc 637:Courtyard of Memorial 590:Map of Île de la Cité 589: 538: 486: 461:Square du Vert-Galant 417:, and finally to the 369: 353: 307:Pillar of the Boatmen 288: 273: 209: 94:Île de la Cité (2009) 93: 5403:48.85472°N 2.34750°E 5254:Jean-Louis Georgelin 5239:Jean-Baptiste Lassus 5203:Shirt of Saint Louis 5126:2016 bombing attempt 4975:Montmartre Funicular 4955:Moulin de la Galette 4725:Château de Vincennes 4683:Château de Malmaison 4673:Château de Chantilly 4600:Vincennes Hippodrome 4550:Longchamp Hippodrome 4464:Jardin du Luxembourg 4202:Place des États-Unis 4182:Place de la Concorde 4177:Place de la Bastille 3723:Musée du Quai Branly 3703:Musée de l'Orangerie 3267:Paris Métro stations 3242:Saint-Louis en l'Île 3182:Mémorial de la Shoah 2951:Paris Métro stations 2637:(in French). Payot. 1773:. There is also one 1731:Pont de l'Archeveche 1419:Place de la Bastille 1225:Place de la Concorde 455:, the leader of the 167:Préfecture de Police 155:Palace of Versailles 107:[ildəlasite] 5399: / 5229:Pierre de Montreuil 5070:Notre-Dame de Paris 4806:Parc de Saint-Cloud 4616:Montmartre Cemetery 4585:Stade Roland Garros 4422:Viaduc d'Austerlitz 4312:Rue de la Sourdière 4212:Place des Victoires 4207:Place des Pyramides 3937:Hôtels particuliers 3808:Notre-Dame de Paris 3783:Chapelle expiatoire 3755:Religious buildings 3668:Musée de Montmartre 3231:Saint-Jacques Tower 3192:Notre-Dame de Paris 3014:Châtelet–Les Halles 2898:Théâtre du Châtelet 2893:Fontaine du Palmier 2859:Les Arts décoratifs 2757:Religious buildings 2566:(in French). Lyon. 2526:Paris ville antique 2406:, pp. 108–109. 2259:, pp. 104–105. 1982:Julianus Augustus. 1973:, pp. 132–136. 1762:The island has one 1738:Notre Dame de Paris 1715:Notre Dame de Paris 1303:Notre-Dame de Paris 1238:The Sainte-Chapelle 984:The Canons' Quarter 886:liberation of Paris 744:Notre-Dame de Paris 695:Place Jean-Paul II 680:Notre Dame de Paris 411:Charles V of France 387:Notre-Dame de Paris 372:Notre-Dame de Paris 303:Notre-Dame de Paris 187:Notre-Dame de Paris 5432:Landforms of Paris 5356:Notre-Dame on Fire 5332:View of Notre-Dame 4935:Fountains in Paris 4920:Café des 2 Moulins 4874:Paris Fashion Week 4859:Fête de la Musique 4841:Culture and events 4769:Fort Mont-Valérien 4637:Oscar Wilde's tomb 4540:Auteuil Hippodrome 4479:Parc de Belleville 4469:Parc André-Citroën 4317:Rue de Montmorency 4257:Pont de Bir-Hakeim 4247:Pont Alexandre III 4237:Place Saint-Michel 4222:Place du Carrousel 4187:Place de la Nation 4110:Galerie Véro-Dodat 4090:Canal Saint-Martin 3873:Tour Saint-Jacques 3768:American Cathedral 3529:Porte Saint-Martin 3458:Institut de France 3007:Paris RER stations 2876:Place du Carrousel 2810:Galerie Véro-Dodat 1781:, although on the 1748:Place Saint-Michel 1663: 1580: 1539: 1520:The small park of 1331: 871:Queen Elizabeth II 592: 541: 498:Jean Sylvain Baily 489: 445:Île à la Gourdaine 426:Parlement of Paris 399:Pope Alexander III 376: 364: 294: 278:The Roman Emperor 276: 215: 159:Parlement of Paris 96: 5408:48.85472; 2.34750 5382: 5381: 5351:(2014 video game) 5234:Pierre de Chelles 5122:(1951–2008) 5114:Notre-Dame Affair 5103:Notre-Dame school 5036: 5035: 4997:Pyramide inversée 4698:Château de Sceaux 4655:Région parisienne 4452:Bois de Vincennes 4432:Parks and gardens 4227:Place du Châtelet 4060:Avenue de l'Opéra 4049:Bridges, streets, 4033:Palais de la Cité 4028:Palais de Justice 4011:Luxembourg Palace 3976:Hôtel de Pontalba 3971:Hôtel de la Païva 3951:Hôtel de Beauvais 3633:Musée Cognacq-Jay 3539:Tour Montparnasse 3524:Porte Saint-Denis 3444:Gare Saint-Lazare 3439:Gare Montparnasse 3419:Gare d'Austerlitz 3334: 3333: 3187:Musée de la Magie 3089:Lycée Charlemagne 3082:secondary schools 3022: 3021: 2888:Place du Châtelet 2825:Palais de Justice 2805:Comédie-Française 2682:978-2-7072-0835-4 2663:978-2-84096-476-6 2606:978-2-7577-0246-8 2535:978-2-85822-368-8 2492:, pp. 58–59. 2451:La Place Dauphine 2440:Palais de Justice 2364:, pp. 22–23. 2328:, pp. 94–96. 2112:, pp. 36–37. 1817:is feminine, not 1744:Pont Saint-Michel 1690:Palais de Justice 1686:Place du Châtelet 1649:Giovanni Giocondo 1612:Pont Saint-Michel 1456:Achille de Harlay 1448:Dauphin of France 1403:Cour de Cassation 1344:synthetic diamond 1321:Quai des Orfèvres 1269:The lower chapel 1221:Fouquier-Tinville 1063:Palais de la Cité 960:Hôtel-Dieu, Paris 835:Palais de Justice 821:The Flower Market 742:The Cathedral of 693:The cathedral and 668:Charles de Gaulle 531:19th–20th century 346:12th–17th century 332:Palais de la Cité 171:Palais de Justice 163:French Revolution 88: 87: 16:(Redirected from 5454: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5404: 5400: 5397: 5396: 5395: 5392: 5219:Maurice de Sully 5063: 5056: 5049: 5040: 5039: 4884:Republican Guard 4786:France Miniature 4747:Disneyland Paris 4717:, including the 4668:Château d'Écouen 4570:Stade Jean Bouin 4555:Parc des Princes 4514:Tuileries Garden 4440:Bois de Boulogne 4397:Rue Saint-Honoré 4342:Rue des Lombards 4332:Rue de Vaugirard 4322:Rue de Richelieu 4297:Rue d'Argenteuil 4217:Place des Vosges 4125:Galerie Vivienne 4105:Covered passages 4085:Canal de l'Ourcq 4016:Petit Luxembourg 3986:Hôtel de Soubise 3961:Hôtel de Crillon 3956:Hôtel de Charost 3923:Temple du Marais 3618:Maison de Balzac 3516:Flame of Liberty 3394:Arènes de Lutèce 3368:Tourism in Paris 3361: 3354: 3347: 3338: 3337: 3253:Temple du Marais 3049: 3042: 3035: 3026: 3025: 2935:Tuileries Garden 2743: 2736: 2729: 2720: 2719: 2713:L’Île de la Cité 2707: 2702: 2701: 2700: 2686: 2667: 2648: 2629: 2625:978-2-85822298-8 2610: 2591: 2585: 2577: 2558: 2539: 2520: 2493: 2487: 2478: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2380: 2374: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2314: 2308: 2302: 2296: 2287: 2281: 2272: 2266: 2260: 2254: 2248: 2242: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2206: 2200: 2194: 2188: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2140: 2134: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2096: 2090: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2038: 2032: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1987: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1959: 1953: 1947: 1946:, pp. 9–10. 1941: 1930: 1929: 1922:"Ile de la Cite" 1918: 1912: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1875: 1869: 1863: 1847: 1840: 1834: 1827: 1821: 1812: 1806: 1799: 1721:Pont Saint-Louis 1660:Jacques de Molay 1636: 1626:Pont Saint-Louis 1622: 1607: 1593: 1557:Marie de' Medici 1517: 1502: 1487: 1444:Place des Vosges 1411:Joseph-Louis Duc 1392: 1380: 1278: 1266: 1254: 1232:Marie-Antoinette 1198: 1186: 1174: 1101: 1089: 1077: 1018: 1006: 994: 950: 938: 926: 902:Louis XIII style 882:Republican Guard 857: 845: 830: 818: 730: 716: 704: 690: 646: 634: 622: 610: 453:Jacques de Molay 395:Maurice de Sully 183:Second World War 109: 104: 78: 77: 71: 55: 43: 42: 21: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5417: 5416: 5407: 5405: 5401: 5398: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5378: 5362: 5335:(1914 painting) 5327:(1902 painting) 5319:(1901 painting) 5311:(1890 painting) 5291:(1830 painting) 5283:(1807 painting) 5271: 5265: 5224:Jean de Chelles 5207: 5197:Virgin of Paris 5166: 5140: 5081: 5072: 5067: 5037: 5032: 5006: 4945:Les Deux Magots 4915:Bateaux Mouches 4893: 4835: 4831:Vaux-le-Vicomte 4826:Stade de France 4752:Disneyland Park 4649: 4645:Picpus Cemetery 4604: 4560:Piscine Molitor 4523: 4509:Parc Montsouris 4426: 4407:Rue Sainte-Anne 4402:Rue Saint-Denis 4392:Rue des Rosiers 4387:Rue Pastourelle 4367:Rue Montorgueil 4292:Rue Charlemagne 4232:Place du Tertre 4070:Avenue George V 4052: 4050: 4044: 3966:Hôtel d'Estrées 3938: 3932: 3913:Sainte-Clotilde 3908:Sainte-Chapelle 3793:Grand Synagogue 3773:American Church 3749: 3658:Musée du Louvre 3623:Musée Bourdelle 3578:Centre Pompidou 3551: 3543: 3384:Arc de Triomphe 3370: 3365: 3335: 3330: 3313: 3262: 3167:Rue des Rosiers 3115: 3111:Île Saint-Louis 3093: 3081: 3075: 3058: 3053: 3023: 3018: 3002: 2946: 2793: 2789:Sainte-Chapelle 2752: 2747: 2703: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2683: 2664: 2645: 2626: 2607: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2555: 2536: 2517: 2501: 2496: 2488: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2461: 2457: 2449: 2445: 2438: 2434: 2426: 2422: 2414: 2410: 2402: 2398: 2390: 2383: 2377:de Finance 2012 2375: 2368: 2362:de Finance 2012 2360: 2356: 2352:, pp. 2–5. 2350:de Finance 2012 2348: 2344: 2336: 2332: 2324: 2317: 2309: 2305: 2297: 2290: 2282: 2275: 2267: 2263: 2255: 2251: 2243: 2236: 2228: 2224: 2216: 2209: 2201: 2197: 2189: 2180: 2170: 2168: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2147: 2143: 2135: 2128: 2120: 2116: 2108: 2099: 2091: 2080: 2072: 2068: 2060: 2056: 2048: 2041: 2033: 2029: 2021: 2017: 2009: 2005: 1997: 1990: 1981: 1977: 1969: 1962: 1954: 1950: 1942: 1933: 1920: 1919: 1915: 1909:The Independent 1903:Whitehead, J., 1902: 1898: 1888: 1886: 1885:on 3 March 2024 1877: 1876: 1872: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1850: 1841: 1837: 1828: 1824: 1813: 1809: 1803:Île Saint-Louis 1800: 1796: 1791: 1760: 1725:Ile Saint-Louis 1696:Pont Notre-Dame 1642: 1637: 1628: 1623: 1614: 1608: 1599: 1594: 1585: 1545: 1531: 1524: 1518: 1509: 1503: 1494: 1488: 1476:Simone Signoret 1438:The triangular 1436: 1430: 1396: 1393: 1384: 1381: 1372: 1364:Georges Simenon 1323: 1296:Crown of Thorns 1288:Sainte-Chapelle 1282: 1279: 1270: 1267: 1258: 1255: 1246: 1244:Sainte-Chapelle 1240: 1202: 1199: 1190: 1187: 1178: 1175: 1151:Sainte-Chapelle 1105: 1102: 1093: 1090: 1081: 1078: 1069: 1061:Main articles: 1059: 1029: 1019: 1010: 1007: 998: 995: 986: 962: 954: 951: 942: 939: 930: 927: 918: 864: 858: 849: 846: 837: 831: 822: 819: 810: 780:Baron Haussmann 738: 731: 722: 720: 717: 708: 705: 696: 694: 691: 682: 676: 657:Baron Haussmann 650: 647: 638: 635: 626: 623: 614: 611: 602: 597: 584: 533: 481: 473:Sainte-Chapelle 457:Knights Templar 383:Sainte-Chapelle 360:Sainte-Chapelle 348: 265:Saint Genevieve 204: 199: 136:Sainte-Chapelle 102: 84: 83: 82: 81: 80: 79: 58: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5460: 5450: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5427:Île de la Cité 5380: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5374:Île de la Cité 5370: 5368: 5364: 5363: 5361: 5360: 5352: 5344: 5336: 5328: 5320: 5312: 5304: 5292: 5284: 5275: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5215: 5213: 5209: 5208: 5206: 5205: 5200: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5172: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5148: 5146: 5142: 5141: 5139: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5117: 5111: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5083: 5082: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5066: 5065: 5058: 5051: 5043: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5030: 5028:Paris syndrome 5025: 5020: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4987:Paris syndrome 4984: 4979: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4930:Folies Bergère 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4905:Axe historique 4901: 4899: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4869:Paris Air Show 4866: 4861: 4856: 4854:Dîner en Blanc 4851: 4845: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4816:La Roche-Guyon 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4782: 4781: 4776: 4766: 4761: 4760: 4759: 4754: 4744: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4727: 4722: 4719:Fresh pavilion 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4659: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4647: 4642: 4641: 4640: 4628: 4626:Passy Cemetery 4623: 4618: 4612: 4610: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4575:Stade Pershing 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4460: 4459: 4449: 4448: 4447: 4436: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 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3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3073: 3066: 3064: 3063:Neighbourhoods 3060: 3059: 3052: 3051: 3044: 3037: 3029: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3016: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3001: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2968:Étienne Marcel 2965: 2960: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2944: 2943: 2942: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2910:Pont au Change 2907: 2902: 2901: 2900: 2895: 2885: 2884: 2883: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2851: 2846: 2845: 2844: 2834: 2829: 2828: 2827: 2822: 2815:Île de la Cité 2812: 2807: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2792: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2769:Saint-Eustache 2766: 2760: 2758: 2754: 2753: 2746: 2745: 2738: 2731: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2709: 2708: 2692: 2691:External links 2689: 2688: 2687: 2681: 2668: 2662: 2656:. Parigramme. 2649: 2643: 2630: 2624: 2611: 2605: 2592: 2572: 2559: 2554:2-221--07862-4 2553: 2540: 2534: 2521: 2515: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2494: 2479: 2477:, p. 118. 2467: 2465:, p. 117. 2455: 2443: 2432: 2430:, p. 114. 2420: 2418:, p. 151. 2408: 2396: 2394:, p. 110. 2381: 2366: 2354: 2342: 2340:, p. 103. 2330: 2315: 2303: 2288: 2286:, p. 107. 2273: 2271:, p. 106. 2261: 2249: 2234: 2222: 2207: 2195: 2178: 2153: 2151:(1992), p. 114 2141: 2126: 2124:, p. 774. 2114: 2097: 2078: 2066: 2064:, p. 384. 2062:Hillairet 2017 2054: 2039: 2027: 2015: 2003: 2001:, p. 538. 1988: 1975: 1960: 1948: 1931: 1913: 1896: 1870: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1848: 1835: 1822: 1807: 1793: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1759: 1756: 1755: 1754: 1740: 1734: 1727: 1717: 1707:Hotel de Ville 1699: 1692: 1682:Pont au Change 1678: 1644: 1643: 1638: 1631: 1629: 1624: 1617: 1615: 1609: 1602: 1600: 1597:Pont au Change 1595: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1541:Main article: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1522:Place Dauphine 1519: 1512: 1510: 1507:Place Dauphine 1504: 1497: 1495: 1492:Place Dauphine 1489: 1482: 1440:Place Dauphine 1434:Place Dauphine 1432:Main article: 1429: 1428:Place Dauphine 1426: 1407:Place Dauphine 1398: 1397: 1394: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1322: 1319: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1249: 1242:Main article: 1239: 1236: 1204: 1203: 1200: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1169: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1072: 1058: 1055: 1031: 1030: 1020: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1001: 999: 996: 989: 985: 982: 958:Main article: 956: 955: 952: 945: 943: 940: 933: 931: 928: 921: 917: 916:The Hôtel-Dieu 914: 906:Palais Garnier 894:Pont au Change 875:Hector Guimard 866: 865: 859: 852: 850: 847: 840: 838: 832: 825: 823: 820: 813: 809: 806: 740: 739: 732: 725: 723: 718: 711: 709: 706: 699: 697: 692: 685: 678:Main article: 675: 672: 652: 651: 648: 641: 639: 636: 629: 627: 624: 617: 615: 612: 605: 601: 598: 596: 593: 583: 580: 568:Saint Chapelle 532: 529: 480: 477: 438:Place Dauphine 407:Etienne Marcel 347: 344: 243:Titus Labienus 203: 200: 198: 195: 191:Paris Olympics 99:Île de la Cité 86: 85: 73: 72: 66: 65: 64: 63: 60: 59: 56: 48: 47: 46:Île de la Cité 26: 18:Ile de la Cite 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5459: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5415: 5412: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5358: 5357: 5353: 5350: 5349: 5345: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5334: 5333: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5299:(1831 novel, 5298: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5249:Andrew Tallon 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5121: 5118: 5115: 5112: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5075: 5071: 5064: 5059: 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des Arts 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4242:Place Vendôme 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4147:Latin Quarter 4145: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4095:Champ de Mars 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4053:and waterways 4047: 4041: 4038: 4034: 4031: 4030: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 4001:Hôtel Lambert 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3981:Hôtel de Sens 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3946:Élysée Palace 3944: 3943: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3898:Saint-Sulpice 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3752: 3746: 3743: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3718:Musée Picasso 3716: 3714: 3713:Musée Pasteur 3711: 3709: 3708:Musée d'Orsay 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3518: 3517: 3513: 3512: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3495:Opéra Garnier 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3481: 3480:Luxor Obelisk 3478: 3476: 3473: 3471: 3470:Les Invalides 3468: 3466: 3465: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3424:Gare de l'Est 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3362: 3357: 3355: 3350: 3348: 3343: 3342: 3339: 3326: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3310: 3309:Sully–Morland 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3147:Hôtel de Sens 3145: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3122: 3118: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3086: 3084: 3078: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3045: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3031: 3030: 3027: 3015: 3012: 3011: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2978:Louvre–Rivoli 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2915:Pont des Arts 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2905:Place Vendôme 2903: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2879: 2878: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2871:Place Colette 2869: 2867: 2864: 2860: 2857: 2856: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2849:Medici column 2847: 2843: 2840: 2839: 2838: 2837:Louvre Palace 2835: 2833: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2732: 2730: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2705:France portal 2695: 2684: 2678: 2674: 2669: 2665: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2644:9782228919111 2640: 2636: 2631: 2627: 2621: 2617: 2612: 2608: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2583: 2575: 2569: 2565: 2560: 2556: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2516:9780262023092 2512: 2508: 2503: 2502: 2491: 2490:Jarrassé 2007 2486: 2484: 2476: 2475:Lecompte 2013 2471: 2464: 2463:Lecompte 2013 2459: 2452: 2447: 2441: 2436: 2429: 2428:Lecompte 2013 2424: 2417: 2412: 2405: 2404:Lecompte 2013 2400: 2393: 2392:Lecompte 2013 2388: 2386: 2379:, p. 44. 2378: 2373: 2371: 2363: 2358: 2351: 2346: 2339: 2338:Lecompte 2013 2334: 2327: 2326:Lecompte 2013 2322: 2320: 2313:, p. 94. 2312: 2311:Lecompte 2013 2307: 2301:, p. 87. 2300: 2299:Lecompte 2013 2295: 2293: 2285: 2284:Lecompte 2013 2280: 2278: 2270: 2269:Lecompte 2013 2265: 2258: 2257:Lecompte 2013 2253: 2247:, p. 71. 2246: 2245:Lecompte 2013 2241: 2239: 2232:, p. 82. 2231: 2230:Lecompte 2013 2226: 2220:, p. 80. 2219: 2218:Lecompte 2013 2214: 2212: 2205:, p. 67. 2204: 2203:Lecompte 2013 2199: 2193:, p. 64. 2192: 2191:Lecompte 2013 2187: 2185: 2183: 2167: 2163: 2157: 2150: 2145: 2139:, p. 76. 2138: 2137:Lecompte 2013 2133: 2131: 2123: 2118: 2111: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2095:, p. 68. 2094: 2093:Lecompte 2013 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2076:, p. 65. 2075: 2070: 2063: 2058: 2052:, p. 21. 2051: 2046: 2044: 2037:, p. 15. 2036: 2031: 2024: 2023:Lecompte 2013 2019: 2013:, p. 41. 2012: 2007: 2000: 1995: 1993: 1985: 1979: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1958:, p. 26. 1957: 1952: 1945: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1910: 1906: 1900: 1884: 1880: 1874: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1845: 1839: 1832: 1826: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1804: 1798: 1794: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1765: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1703:Pont d'Arcole 1700: 1697: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1650: 1641: 1640:Pont d'Arcole 1635: 1630: 1627: 1621: 1616: 1613: 1606: 1601: 1598: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1535: 1523: 1516: 1511: 1508: 1501: 1496: 1493: 1490:The entry to 1486: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1435: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1391: 1386: 1379: 1374: 1373: 1367: 1365: 1362:, created by 1361: 1360:Jules Maigret 1357: 1353: 1352:Paris Commune 1347: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1327: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1311:stained glass 1307: 1304: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1277: 1272: 1265: 1260: 1253: 1248: 1247: 1245: 1235: 1233: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1212: 1209: 1208:Paris Commune 1197: 1192: 1185: 1180: 1173: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1138: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1124:Germain Pilon 1121: 1117: 1111: 1100: 1095: 1088: 1083: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1054: 1052: 1051:Peter Abelard 1048: 1044: 1039: 1037: 1028: 1024: 1023:Peter Abelard 1017: 1012: 1005: 1000: 993: 988: 987: 981: 977: 975: 971: 967: 961: 949: 944: 937: 932: 925: 920: 919: 913: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 890: 887: 883: 878: 876: 872: 863: 856: 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36:Île-de-France 33: 19: 5384: 5373: 5354: 5346: 5343:(2005 novel) 5338: 5330: 5322: 5314: 5308:The Bohemian 5306: 5294: 5286: 5278: 5259: 5145:Architecture 5023:Art in Paris 4982:Paris Musées 4960:Moulin Rouge 4925:Café Procope 4879:Paris-Plages 4864:Nuit Blanche 4801:Parc Astérix 4735:Grande Arche 4635: 4528:Sport venues 4504:Parc Monceau 4357:Rue Foyatier 4162:Montparnasse 4040:Palais-Royal 3928:Val-de-Grâce 3803:La Madeleine 3788:Grand Mosque 3643:Musée Guimet 3638:Musée Grévin 3514: 3464:Jeanne d'Arc 3462: 3453:Petit Palais 3449:Grand Palais 3434:Gare du Nord 3429:Gare de Lyon 3414:Eiffel Tower 3409:Conciergerie 3104: 2866:Palais-Royal 2820:Conciergerie 2814: 2672: 2653: 2634: 2615: 2596: 2563: 2544: 2525: 2506: 2499:Bibliography 2470: 2458: 2446: 2435: 2423: 2411: 2399: 2357: 2345: 2333: 2306: 2264: 2252: 2225: 2198: 2169:. Retrieved 2165: 2156: 2148: 2144: 2117: 2069: 2057: 2030: 2025:, p. 9. 2018: 2006: 1983: 1978: 1951: 1925: 1916: 1908: 1899: 1889:29 September 1887:. Retrieved 1883:the original 1873: 1861: 1838: 1825: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1797: 1761: 1664: 1645: 1565: 1546: 1472:Yves Montand 1461: 1450:(the future 1437: 1423: 1399: 1355: 1348: 1332: 1316: 1308: 1300: 1285: 1229: 1213: 1205: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1139: 1132: 1112: 1108: 1040: 1032: 978: 970:Saint Landry 963: 891: 879: 867: 791: 787: 784: 776:Napoleon III 772: 764:Eiffel Tower 741: 661: 653: 572: 565: 557:Napoleon III 550: 546:Napoleon III 542: 522: 514: 490: 479:18th century 465: 442: 430:Conciergerie 423: 403: 377: 326: 315: 311: 295: 277: 254: 247: 236: 232: 216: 148: 124:Roman Empire 111: 98: 97: 40: 5406: / 5359:(2022 film) 5301:adaptations 5131:2017 attack 4965:Paris Métro 4764:Exploradôme 4535:Accor Arena 4457:Parc floral 4362:Rue Molière 4352:Rue Elzévir 4277:Rive Gauche 4252:Pont d'Iéna 4167:Place Diana 4065:Avenue Foch 3939:and palaces 3728:Musée Rodin 3563:Army Museum 3510:Place Diana 3080:Primary and 2416:Ballon 1991 2166:Le Monde.fr 2122:Fierro 1996 1999:Fierro 1996 1971:Busson 2001 1956:Busson 2001 1944:Fierro 1996 1764:Paris Métro 1705:, from the 1684:, from the 1673:, begun by 1561:Giambologna 1415:July Column 1217:Robespierre 1043:Jean Racine 904:- like the 794:Charlemagne 735:Charlemagne 595:Description 510:Robespierre 336:Philippe IV 112:City Island 110:; English: 5421:Categories 5391:48°51′17″N 5272:depictions 5193:Sculptures 5171:Collection 5157:Sculptures 4730:La Défense 4609:Cemeteries 4157:Montmartre 3893:Saint-Roch 3828:Sacré-Cœur 3573:Carnavalet 3327:(hospital) 3325:Hôtel-Dieu 3318:Healthcare 3304:Saint-Paul 3294:Pont Marie 3132:Berthillon 3070:The Marais 2973:Les Halles 2925:Pont Royal 2832:Les Halles 2784:Saint-Roch 2573:2904638997 2110:Delon 2000 2074:Delon 2000 2050:Delon 2000 2035:Delon 2000 2011:Delon 2000 1854:References 1711:Hotel Dieu 1452:Louis XIII 1340:rhinestone 966:Hôtel-Dieu 733:Statue of 561:Hotel Dieu 518:Hotel Dieu 468:Louis XIII 374:at the top 328:Hugh Capet 225:, a small 173:, and the 140:Hôtel-Dieu 132:Notre-Dame 126:. In 508, 5394:2°20′51″E 5136:2019 fire 4970:entrances 4417:Trocadéro 4282:Rue Basse 4267:Pont Neuf 4152:Le Marais 4120:Panoramas 3404:Catacombs 3376:Landmarks 3299:Rambuteau 3162:Le Marais 3120:Landmarks 2998:Tuileries 2993:Pyramides 2988:Pont Neuf 2920:Pont Neuf 2798:Landmarks 2582:cite book 1984:Misopogon 1783:Left Bank 1777:station: 1758:Transport 1671:Pont Neuf 1576:Pont Neuf 1549:Pont Neuf 1464:pavilions 1143:Philip IV 1120:Henry III 1116:Charles V 896:, is the 494:Louis XVI 434:Pont Neuf 257:Left Bank 144:Pont Neuf 5270:Cultural 4940:La Ruche 4889:Solidays 4135:Jouffroy 4115:Choiseul 3534:Sorbonne 3500:Panthéon 3279:Châtelet 3274:Bastille 3244:(Church) 3238:(Church) 3197:Template 2963:Concorde 2958:Châtelet 2171:24 April 1752:Chatelet 1675:Henry IV 1553:Henry IV 1342:and the 1292:Louis IX 1161:lively. 1147:Louis IX 1110:prison. 1036:wisteria 721:(4th c.) 415:Bastille 379:Louis IX 362:at right 340:Louis VI 318:Clovis I 250:Nanterre 128:Clovis I 5367:Related 5260:Burials 5086:History 5011:Related 4950:Maxim's 4811:Provins 4703:Château 3549:Museums 3098:Islands 1819:dauphin 1767:station 1746:, from 1709:to the 1583:Bridges 1417:in the 1047:Héloïse 1027:Héloïse 553:cholera 223:Parisii 219:Lutetia 197:History 103:French: 5212:People 5152:Parvis 5116:(1950) 5110:(1804) 3399:Bourse 3107:(part) 3072:(part) 2842:Louvre 2679: 2660: 2641: 2622: 2603: 2570: 2551: 2532: 2513: 802:Roland 798:bronze 752:flèche 280:Julian 227:Gallic 177:. The 169:, the 5178:Bells 5162:Spire 4898:Other 4140:Brady 4130:Havre 3485:Odéon 1986:340d. 1815:Place 1789:Notes 754:, or 120:Paris 116:Seine 5183:Mays 4713:and 4705:and 3554:list 3451:and 3284:Cité 2677:ISBN 2658:ISBN 2639:ISBN 2620:ISBN 2601:ISBN 2588:link 2568:ISBN 2549:ISBN 2530:ISBN 2511:ISBN 2173:2024 1891:2024 1771:Cité 1742:The 1729:The 1719:The 1713:and 1701:The 1694:The 1680:The 1669:The 1610:The 1574:The 1547:The 1474:and 1286:The 1065:and 1025:and 964:The 860:The 778:and 573:The 447:and 261:Huns 1775:RER 582:Map 34:or 5423:: 2584:}} 2580:{{ 2482:^ 2384:^ 2369:^ 2318:^ 2291:^ 2276:^ 2237:^ 2210:^ 2181:^ 2164:. 2129:^ 2100:^ 2081:^ 2042:^ 1991:^ 1963:^ 1934:^ 1924:. 1907:, 1846:). 1833:). 1769:: 1346:. 527:. 475:. 463:. 421:. 146:. 5303:) 5199:) 5195:( 5062:e 5055:t 5048:v 4721:) 4709:( 3556:) 3552:( 3360:e 3353:t 3346:v 3048:e 3041:t 3034:v 2742:e 2735:t 2728:v 2685:. 2666:. 2647:. 2628:. 2609:. 2590:) 2576:. 2557:. 2538:. 2519:. 2453:. 2175:. 1928:. 1893:. 1805:. 101:( 38:. 20:)

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Index