164: : the Senate and House of Assembly could remove the State President from office for "misconduct or inability to perform efficiently the duties of his office". The procedure required (a) at least thirty members of the House to petition the Speaker to appoint a joint committee; (b) the House to resolve to appoint the committee; (c) the Senate to concur with the resolution, (d) the committee to submit a report; and (e) each House to resolve, in the same session of parliament, to remove the State President from office.
184:, could remove the State President from office for "misconduct or inability to perform efficiently the duties of his office". The procedure required (a) at least half the members of each of the three houses to petition the Speaker of Parliament to appoint a committee; (b) each house to resolve to appoint the committee; (c) the committee to submit a report; and (d) the electoral college to resolve to adopt the report and declare the State President removed from office.
190: : the National Assembly and the Senate, sitting jointly, could remove the President from office by impeaching him or her for "a serious violation of this Constitution or the other laws of the Republic, or of misconduct or inability rendering him or her unfit to exercise and perform his or her powers and functions". A two-thirds majority was required. A similar procedure applied to the removal of any of the Executive Deputy Presidents.
323:(legislature) could impeach the state president and other public officers for "treason, bribery, and other high misdemeanours." A three-quarters majority vote was required. The Volksraad's sanction was limited to dismissing the incumbent from office and declaring him unfit to hold any office under the government, but the dismissed president or official remained liable to be prosecuted according to law.
222: : a provincial legislature could remove the province's premier from office by impeaching him or her for "a serious violation of this Constitution or the other laws of the Republic or the province", or for misconduct or inability rendering him or her unfit to exercise and perform his or her powers and functions. A two-thirds majority was required.
228: : a provincial legislature may remove the province's premier from office for "a serious violation of the Constitution or the law", "serious misconduct" or "inability to perform the functions of office". A two-thirds majority is required. A premier who is removed may not receive any benefits of that office, and may not serve in any public office.
196: : the National Assembly (alone) may remove the President, for "a serious violation of the Constitution or the law", "serious misconduct" or "inability to perform the functions of office". A two-thirds majority is required. A president who is removed may not receive any benefits of that office, and may not serve in any public office.
145: : the president may remove a judge from office if (a) the Judicial Service Commission finds that the judge "suffers from an incapacity, is grossly incompetent or is guilty of gross misconduct", and (b) the National Assembly resolves, by a two-thirds majority, that the judge be removed. In 2022, two High Court judges, retired Judge
249: : the president must remove the public protector if a committee of the National Assembly finds him or her guilty of "misconduct, incapacity or incompetence", and the Assembly resolves that he or she be removed. A two-thirds majority is required. In 2023, Public Protector
290:
63:. Since 1997, members of certain commissions established by the Constitution can also be impeached. The grounds for impeachment, and the procedures to be followed, have changed several times over the years.
301:
from office if a committee of the
National Assembly finds him or her guilty of "misconduct, incapacity or incompetence", and the Assembly resolves that he or she be removed. A simple majority is required.
170: : following the abolition of the Senate, the power to impeach the State President was vested in the House of Assembly alone. The same procedure applied to the removal of the Vice State President.
339:
could discharge or dismiss the president from office on conviction for misconduct, embezzlement of state property, treason or other serious crimes. He was liable to be prosecuted for such offences.
90:
was impeached and dismissed for misconduct and incompetence in
September 2023, making her the first public office-bearer in the country's history to be removed from office by this process.
243:
from office for "misbehaviour, incapacity or incompetence", if both the
Assembly and the Senate requested him to do so, after considering a report from a joint committee.
153:
of the
Western Cape division, Cape Town were recommended for removal by the National Assembly by its Portfolio Committee on Justice and Correctional Services.
523:
298:
146:
211:
subsequently found that parliament had failed to hold Zuma to account and ordered parliament to establish rules for the impeachment process.
106:
136:
177:
286:
208:
48:
568:
336:
181:
132:
118:
52:
110:
74:
for violating the
Constitution, but his party, which had the majority in the National Assembly, voted against it.
44:
203:
came close to facing an impeachment vote in 2016 over the abuse of taxpayer funds to build his personal home at
81:
for misconduct, but here too his party, which still had the majority in the
National Assembly, voted against it.
294:
60:
320:
40:
291:
Commission for the
Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities
254:
128:
20:
332:
114:
176: : an electoral college, consisting of delegates from the House of Assembly and the new
131:
could remove a judge from office for "misbehaviour, incapacity or incompetence", if both the
32:
573:
113:(from 1961) could remove a judge from office for "misbehaviour or incapacity" if both the
8:
121:
submitted addresses to him, during the same session of parliament, asking him to do so.
93:
Proceedings are pending against two High Court judges (one of whom has already retired).
250:
87:
43:. The scope was broadened when the country became a republic in 1961, to include the
316:
204:
240:
84:
56:
467:
78:
359:
39:(though the term itself was not used) were the chief justice and judges of the
268: : the procedure was the same as that for removing the Public Protector.
562:
274: : the procedure is the same as that for removing the Public Protector.
207:, but his party used their parliamentary majority to prevent the vote. The
135:
and the Senate requested him to do so, after considering a report from the
536:
Constitution of the
Republic of South Africa Act 1993 : section 191.
498:
Constitution of the
Republic of South Africa Act 1993 : section 110.
480:
Constitution of the
Republic of South Africa Act 1993 : section 146.
403:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 1993 : section 104.
150:
36:
448:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 1993 : section 87.
200:
71:
512:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 : section 194.
489:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 : section 130.
412:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 : section 177.
457:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 : section 89.
550:
Select Constitutional Documents Illustrating South African History
421:
Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1961 : section 10.
47:. It was further broadened in 1981 to include the new office of
439:
Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983 : section 9.
430:
Republic of South Africa Constitution Fifth Amendment Act 1980.
66:
Impeachment proceedings were first invoked in the 2010s :
77:
An attempt was made in December 2022 to impeach president
360:"impeachment | Definition, Process, History, & Facts"
35:
was established in 1910, the only officials who could be
524:"Mkhwebane becomes first Public Protector to be removed"
70:
An attempt was made in April 2016 to impeach president
23:
addresses legal charges against a government official.
468:"South African court delivers Zuma impeachment blow"
19:
is the process by which the legislative body of the
285: : the president must remove a member of the
522:Gerber, Jan; Maughan, Karyn (11 September 2023).
560:
508:
506:
504:
156:
521:
530:
501:
492:
483:
474:
97:
451:
406:
397:
544:
542:
442:
415:
394:Supreme Court Act 1959 : section 10
388:
326:
277:
433:
214:
239: : the president could remove the
561:
539:
424:
287:South African Human Rights Commission
26:
310:
305:
231:
13:
376:
260:
14:
585:
515:
460:
384:The South African Constitution
352:
295:Commission for Gender Equality
51:; and in 1994 to include the
1:
345:
41:Supreme Court of South Africa
7:
319:republic provided that the
253:became the first head of a
157:State President / President
137:Judicial Service Commission
107:governor-general-in-council
55:, provincial premiers, the
53:executive deputy presidents
17:Impeachment in South Africa
10:
590:
569:Parliament of South Africa
470:. BBC. 29 December 2017.
331:The Constitution of the
315:The Constitution of the
178:House of Representatives
98:Chief Justice and Judges
21:Republic of South Africa
364:Encyclopedia Britannica
548:Eybers, G.W. (1918).
333:South African Republic
327:South African Republic
278:Members of Commissions
255:Chapter 9 institution
215:Premiers of provinces
33:Union of South Africa
299:Electoral Commission
209:Constitutional Court
149:and Judge President
49:vice state president
382:May, H.J. (1949).
335:provided that the
251:Busisiwe Mkhwebane
182:House of Delegates
88:Busisiwe Mkhwebane
27:Union and republic
317:Orange Free State
311:Orange Free State
257:to be impeached.
133:National Assembly
119:House of Assembly
581:
553:
546:
537:
534:
528:
527:
519:
513:
510:
499:
496:
490:
487:
481:
478:
472:
471:
464:
458:
455:
449:
446:
440:
437:
431:
428:
422:
419:
413:
410:
404:
401:
395:
392:
386:
380:
374:
373:
371:
370:
356:
306:Pre-Union states
241:Public Protector
232:Public Protector
109:(until 1961) or
85:Public Protector
57:Public Protector
589:
588:
584:
583:
582:
580:
579:
578:
559:
558:
557:
556:
547:
540:
535:
531:
520:
516:
511:
502:
497:
493:
488:
484:
479:
475:
466:
465:
461:
456:
452:
447:
443:
438:
434:
429:
425:
420:
416:
411:
407:
402:
398:
393:
389:
381:
377:
368:
366:
358:
357:
353:
348:
342:
329:
313:
308:
280:
263:
261:Auditor-General
234:
217:
159:
111:state president
100:
79:Cyril Ramaphosa
61:Auditor-General
45:state president
29:
12:
11:
5:
587:
577:
576:
571:
555:
554:
538:
529:
514:
500:
491:
482:
473:
459:
450:
441:
432:
423:
414:
405:
396:
387:
375:
350:
349:
347:
344:
328:
325:
312:
309:
307:
304:
279:
276:
262:
259:
233:
230:
216:
213:
158:
155:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
82:
75:
28:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
586:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
564:
551:
545:
543:
533:
525:
518:
509:
507:
505:
495:
486:
477:
469:
463:
454:
445:
436:
427:
418:
409:
400:
391:
385:
379:
365:
361:
355:
351:
343:
340:
338:
334:
324:
322:
318:
303:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
275:
273:
269:
267:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
242:
238:
229:
227:
223:
221:
212:
210:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
189:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
169:
165:
163:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
68:
67:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
24:
22:
18:
549:
532:
517:
494:
485:
476:
462:
453:
444:
435:
426:
417:
408:
399:
390:
383:
378:
367:. Retrieved
363:
354:
341:
330:
314:
282:
281:
271:
270:
265:
264:
246:
245:
236:
235:
225:
224:
219:
218:
198:
193:
192:
187:
186:
173:
172:
167:
166:
161:
160:
147:Nkola Motata
142:
141:
127: : the
124:
123:
105: : the
102:
101:
65:
30:
16:
15:
574:Impeachment
151:John Hlophe
563:Categories
369:2020-11-15
346:References
201:Jacob Zuma
199:President
72:Jacob Zuma
526:. News24.
337:Volksraad
321:Volksraad
283:1997-date
272:1997-date
266:1994-1997
247:1997-date
237:1994-1997
226:1997-date
220:1994-1997
194:1997-date
188:1994-1997
174:1984-1994
168:1981-1984
162:1961-1980
143:1997-date
129:president
125:1994-1997
103:1910-1994
37:impeached
31:When the
117:and the
59:and the
297:or the
205:Nkandla
293:, the
289:, the
115:Senate
180:and
565::
552:.
541:^
503:^
362:.
139:.
372:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.