518:, and the number of label owners began to increase. Many of these owners realized that whichever label first publishes a song is legally entitled to receive compensation for every record sold. Jazz musicians pioneered a new subset of independent labels, companies operated by the artists themselves. Following the original pioneers of the music industry, many new labels were launched over the following decades by people with industry experience. From the 1940s to 1950s, R&B indie labels such as Savoy, Apollo, King, Modern, Mercury, Imperial, Specialty, Red Robin, Duke and
1075:
1492:, sixth largest music market in the world in terms of revenue and ahead of countries with higher populations such as Canada and South Korea. Digital revenue, at 44%, had overtaken that coming from physical sales, at 33%. A spokesperson from the company Unified Music Group said that governments were beginning to recognise the financial and cultural worth of a thriving music industry, but there was still a big challenge for the independents to compete with well-funded tech companies that have an anti-
983:
experience, the label managed to make it into the 1990s with a number of dance and hip-hop hits by artists such as Silver Bullet and A Homeboy, Hippy and A Funky Dread (issued on Savage's Tam Tam dance label). Around the time Soho had their top ten UK hit, Mimran decided that Savage would not just be a
British indie, but would be an American major instead. Savage Records went on a spending spree in America, which resulted in them opening plush offices on Broadway, hiring Michael Jackson's manager
974:(a 'boutique' semi-independent label which followed Ames from Polygram to Warners when he became CEO). London Recordings did not have to buy Factory out right because the artists owned the masters and so London could pick and choose which acts they wanted, dealing with them directly (though due to problems with the administration, London did not get the rights to New Order's catalogue for a couple of years and so a company called CentreDate Co Ltd was set up to license them back to London).
188:
1430:
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86:
45:
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2212:
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with the chart of 20 November to 26 November 2020, having KSI and Craig David at number one with their BMG released single "Really Love", BTS at number two with "Dynamite" and AJ Tracey at number three with "West Ten". Apart from re-issues and oldies by people like the White
Stripes and Arctic Monkeys, the nearest to a new indie band hit is pop guitar band
688:) and tours by train. Even though Stiff Records released the UK's first punk single, ("New Rose" by The Damned on 22 October 1976), the company is sometimes excluded from various lists of 'greatest independent labels' due to its association with Island Records in the 1980s (though ranked at number 7 on the NME's list from 2015).
1066:(both record company and festival would use similar 'V' branding, as Branson could not use the full Virgin name for any projects involving music). This British independent label would be joined by other V2 Records around the world, with V2 Records Benelux founded in 1997, a record company which continues to operate to this day.
1877:(Belgium/The Netherlands, 1997– ); originally set up by Richard Branson as part of his V2 International group (a successor to Virgin Records) but bought by the local management team in 2007, when it became a separate independent company along with Bertus Distribution. Currently V2 Benelux/Bertus represents
1589:
and not to be confused with the major-minor record labels of the 1980s (Virgin, Island, Chrysalis and Jive). Major Minor
Records was known for picking up the rights to "Je t'aime... moi non plus" by Jane Birkin and Serge Gainsbourg, getting the song to number one after it had been deleted by Fontana.
899:
for their Hit Mix series. Coming before the Acid House-era the first Hit Mix album in 1986 still had a large amount of pop hits from mainstream chart stars like
Kajagoogoo, Kate Bush and Nik Kershaw, but Paul Dakeyne & Les 'L.A. Mix' Adams mixed 86 tracks onto four-sides of vinyl, while follow-up
850:
set up Media
Records in Brescia, northern Italy to release his 'commercial European dance music', a set-up which included fifteen studios featuring various production teams working almost non-stop on a huge number of records (usually promoted by a 'front' of models-turned-singers and various rappers)
719:
The late 1970s had seen the establishment of independent distribution companies such as
Pinnacle and Spartan, providing independent labels an effective means of distribution without involving the major labels. Distribution was further improved with the establishment of 'The Cartel', an association of
667:
ethos creating an even greater proliferation of independent labels. Scholars of punk from Dave Laing (1985) to Matt Worley (2017) have consistently argued that independent labels were, along with self-produced punk fanzines, key to punk's influential DIY heart. Worth noting here though is a challenge
969:
Also in 1991 Rough Trade
Distribution went bankrupt, causing a number of indie labels to stop trading (including Rough Trade itself and - indirectly - Factory, who had already spent a large amount of money on various projects such as their headquarters at Fac251) and others to be sold off in part to
1779:(UK, 1983–2000); founded by Alan McGee, Dick Green, and Joe Foster, and sold to Sony in the 1990s In 2018, McGee launched a new incarnation of the label specialising in 7 inch vinyl singles called Creation23, which was rebranded as "It's Creation, Baby" in 2021, with the release of its first album.
1484:
of the industry in
Australia. It showed that indie labels represented 30% of revenue generated by the Australian recorded music market, and that 57% of independent sector revenue was from Australian artists, which put the Australian sector in the Top 10 global list of mainly English-speaking indie
1265:
Apart from a couple of appearances from Kylie
Minogue and a few releases on XL Recordings, the Official Independent Singles Chart Top 50 would be alien to anyone who remembered the indie chart from 1990. It is now more likely for grime, dance and K-Pop artists to be in the Top 10 than indie bands,
656:, set up by the Gordon Mills' Management Agency & Music company. However MAM, like many of the small independents in the United Kingdom ended up signing a distribution deal with a major to remain viable, with MAM's records being licensed and distributed by Decca until it was sold to Chrysalis.
1285:
on 25 September 2020, an album self-funded, marketed and distributed from his home in
Scotland. As he did not partner with a record label like BMG, he missed out on a top ten album chart placing when early sales revealed that he would have been number 2 on the UK midweek charts behind that week's
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a £1.5 million record deal. Like Savage Records a decade earlier Telstar did not stick to their niche (they started off as a compilations label - similar to Ronco and K-Tel - before signing children's TV stars and dance acts to their XSRhythm and Multiply labels) and tried to operate in a similar
1937:
These are labels dating from before the punk era, which had become 'too big' by the 1980s. Like many famous indie labels of the period 1976-1990 they are usually associated with a 'talisman figure' (usually the person who set up the label) and have strong associations with certain types of music
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and their Smiths-sampling indie-dance hit "Hippychick" in 1991) was set up by the Swiss teenager in 1986 and funded by his multi-millionaire father. Due to the almost endless financing of his father and the fact their A&R manager (a Swiss record shop owner called Bernard Fanin) had industry
807:. By the late 1980s, the major labels had identified that there was an opportunity in indie music and so teamed up with many of the main figures of the indie scene to launch indie music record labels. WEA (Warner/Elektra/Atlantic) teamed up with Geoff Travis and él Records' Mike Alway to launch
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in 1959 as a motion picture soundtrack label; formally organized in 1971 as Allied Artists Records enlarging genres to include pop, rock and heavy metal; rebranded to consolidate anchor labels and numerous imprints in 2000, becoming Allied Artists Music Group, an Independent label with its own
1022:
In the UK, the indie chart was still a valuable marketing tool (especially when targeting readers of the NME, Select and various student publications) and so the Britpop-era gave rise to the idea of the 'fake indie'. The 'fake indie' would be a record label owned by a major company but whose
954:(with the latter brand picked up from Telstar) would turn-up in the compilations top 20 so regularly that the majors became interested, with Sony taking over Ministry of Sound's record company and AATW getting into a joint-venture with Universal Music TV, which ended up with the firm running
1035:
on Sony's Fauve Records. However, at this point its worth noting that Sony owned half of Creation Records at the time (with Alan McGee too important within the scene to be labelled a 'fake'), that Fauve Records was set up as part of a labels deal between Epic and former dance music label
1865:(UK, 1993– ); founded by Korda Marshall who became managing director of Mushroom Records UK, a record company sold to WMG as A&E Records. Marshall teamed up again with Mushroom's Michael Gudinski to relaunch the indie music label in 2009, which was bought by BMG in 2014.
1368:
After Wenham's departure, WIN's director of Legal and Business Affairs, Charlie Phillips, was promoted to the leadership role, named as chief operating Officer. He would report directly to the recently elected chair, Justin West, of Canadian company Secret City Records.
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Particularly active are the trade associations in countries and regions with well-established music markets: AIM (UK), A2IM (USA), AIR (Australia), CIMA (Canada), VUT (Germany), IMNZ (New Zealand), UFI (Spain); IMICHILE (Chile), ABMI (Brazil), and IMPALA (Europe).
1145:
In the 2010s, due to platforms such as Bandcamp and SoundCloud, a number of the larger indies moved away from signing unknown acts instead acquiring back catalogues and working with 'heritage acts' (for example, those popular in a pre-digital age). New independent
977:
However, not all indie record labels failed in this era due the problems with Rough Trade Distribution, some failed because they did not stick to their niche and tried to take on the majors at their own game. David Mimran's Savage Records (known for British band
923:, Humphrey Waterhouse and Justin Berkmann (though initially as a nightclub in South London, before it became a record company). Originally AATW would focus on singles and would issue a compilation album once in a while as a tie-in with a local
2069:(UK, 1980– ); Roger Ames' London Recordings used a label name which was first used by Decca in 1947 and was a semi-independent 'boutique' label that Ames took with him from PolyGram to Warner Music when he became CEO of the latter. In 2017,
997:
only just made the US Top 40 albums chart (but was a number one in the UK for Savage's distributor BMG via their Arista label) with Savage Records being a record label whose 'story' Telstar and Sanctuary would follow to a lesser extent.
1654:(UK, 1969–1986); the Famous Charisma Label was set up by band manager Tony Stratton-Smith, with Lee Gopthal's B&C Records distributing the label (and some Charisma acts being released on B&C Records's PEG/Pegasus label in 1971)
1539:(1986) by Norman Schreiber included a list of over 200 independent record labels, their artists, and examples of their work. The following is a list of notable independent record companies and the creatives/founders behind the labels:
2146:– owned by Woolworths UK, who mainly favoured budget albums (banned from the UK album chart apart from a short period in the 1970s). Labels included Contour, Hallmark, Pickwick Camden and Marble Arch, all targeting different customers
434:(RCA/Ariola International) being the other two majors that made up the 'Big 5' of the 1980s and 1990s. If a major owns 50% or more of the total shares in a company, that company would (usually) be owned or controlled by that major."
1166:, who had a few 'heritage acts' like Hawkwind on their main label, were mainly concerned with their re-issue labels such as 7T's Records (1970s music), 3 Loop Music (indie music) and Cherry Pop (mainly chart pop from the 1980s).
414:, "A 'major' is defined in AIM's constitution as a multinational company which (together with the companies in its group) has more than 5% of the world market(s) for the sale of records or music videos. The majors are currently
2185:(UK, 1991– ) founded in 1991 by James Palumbo, Humphrey Waterhouse and Justin Berkmann. In the 1990s the Ministry of Sound was a nightclub, magazine publisher and record label (with the record label being sold to Sony Music)
3899:
1319:. In October 2020, Big Hit Entertainment floated on the Korean stock market with founder Bang Si-hyuk giving the members of BTS shares in the company and his stake in Big Hit making him the sixth richest person in Korea.
1992:
recordings, but the label quickly began signing other artists. Alpert and Moss sold A&M Records to PolyGram in 1989 with the caveat that Alpert and Moss would continue to manage the label. PolyGram was bought by
5196:
1397:(Europe), indieCo (Finland), IndieSuisse (Switzerland), Liak (Korea), P.I.L. (Israel), PMI (Italy), Runda (Balkans), SOM (Sweden), stomp (Netherlands), UFI (Spain), UPFI (France), VTMOE (Austria) and VUT (Germany).
4283:
1365:", the first annual coordinated celebration of independent music across the world, for which the Australian Independent Record Labels Association created a list of the greatest independent records of all time.
970:
majors. In the case of Factory, one of Tony Wilson's beliefs was that "musicians own everything, the company owns nothing", which caused problems for the firm when it was going to be taken over by Roger Ames'
2152:– known for heritage acts and back catalogue, this independent was spun off from the Sony BMG joint-venture in 2008, but lost the rights to a large amount of the old RCA-Ariola catalogue (the old major label
2351:
McDonald, Full Bio Follow Linkedin Heather McDonald wrote about music careers for The Balance Careers She has worked in the music industry for over two decades Read The Balance's editorial policies Heather.
2331:
McDonald, Full Bio Follow Linkedin Heather McDonald wrote about music careers for The Balance Careers She has worked in the music industry for over two decades Read The Balance's editorial policies Heather.
1023:
distribution did not go through the parent company's distribution arm, going through an independent in order for those records to be eligible for the indie chart. Acts promoted this way initially included
1723:
and sold to EMI in the early 2000s (when EMI was broken up most of the label's back catalogue was acquired by BMG, with Miller retaining the use of the Mute name to operate as an independent again).
498:. These independent labels usually aimed their releases at a small but loyal audience. They relied less on mass sales and were able to provide artists much more opportunity for experimentation and
743:, but never got into the chart compiled by BMRB (British Market Research Bureau) as a lot of independent stores were not chart return shops and because a more accurate way of collating sales via
5872:
1393:(UK), AMAEI (Portugal), A.S.I.A.r (Argentina), Audiocoop (Italy), BIMA (Belgium), CIMA (Canada), DUP (Denmark), FONO (Norway), HAIL (Hungary), IMCJ (Japan), IMICHILE (Chile) IMNZ (New Zealand),
403:
Other nominally independent labels are started and sometimes run by artists on major labels but are still fully or partially owned by the major label. These labels are frequently referred to as
2789:
2725:
644:, these three artists secured an interest for minor record labels, a situation which otherwise would've led to 'the big five' having full control of the Swedish music scene during the 1980s.
1311:
had revenues of 484 billion South Korea won ($ 436 million US dollars) for the first three quarters of 2020, a period which did not include the release of the Billboard album chart topping
895:
on Epic and a few throwback disco collections, Khan's company was the only label regularly charting with music that could be classed as with club or dance until Stylus Music teamed up with
842:
records under many pseudonyms and license them individually to various record labels around the world (such as Beggars' Citybeat label). Instead of going down this one-by-one deal route,
903:
The start of the 1990s would see the founding of two independent companies who would go on to chart numerous dance music collections in the new compilations album chart, Blackburn-based
877:
was the first independent company to run up a number of hits in the UK album chart with a run of various artist dance music collections and started off business in the pre-Now days of
798:
as cheesy pop or not, this was as true for Waterman as it was for Ivo Watts-Russell (4AD), Alan Horne (Postcard), Daniel Miller (Mute), Alan McGee (Creation) or Tony Wilson (Factory).
5692:
5323:
5309:
8385:
2059:, the label moved from A&M to MCA Records and finally to EMI, who did not use the brand between 1996 and 2012. (Since EMI became a part of the Capitol Music Group as part of
8354:
396:. Some independent labels, particularly those with successful artists, sign dual-release, or distribution only agreements with major labels. They may also rely on international
1688:
in the UK, while Gudinski retained the Mushroom name for his entertainment company which includes the Australian record labels I OH YOU, Liberator Music and Liberation Records.
1169:
From 2013, Warner Music had to sell a lot of its catalogue in order to please various anti-monopoly and merger commissions or trade bodies, after buying the large part of EMI (
1413:
report, an analysis of the global economic and cultural impact of the indie sector, showed the share of the global market as 37.6%. The sector generated worldwide revenues of
4887:
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The dance music scene also proved beneficial to independent labels who compiled and marketed TV-advertised compilations, especially when Virgin teamed up with EMI to launch
5161:
4591:
8362:
2140:– owned by BBC Studios, part of the Demon Music Group, a record company that grew out of a pub rock/new wave label owned by Andrew Lauder and Stiff Records's Jake Riviera.
699:. Another factor that came to define independent labels was the method of distribution, which had to be independent of the major labels for records to be included in the
2003:(UK, 1968–2005, 2016– ); EMI acquired 50% of it in 1989, then owned the rest from 1991; recordings outside the UK owned by UMG, bulk of British recordings controlled by
811:, followed a few years later by Alan McGee's Elevation label (even though some indie fans viewed this development in a negative way, it has to be noted that WEA set up
526:, who sold more than 350,000 copies of his 4 albums on his own label, Lehrer Records, by the mid-1960s before moving publishing to Warner Bros. Amidst the advent of the
1485:
music markets, according to then CEO of WIN (Worldwide Independent Network), Alison Wenham. (By comparison, the US indie market had a 34% share while the UK had 23%.)
522:
were founded. During the 1960s, rock label Elektra, R&B labels such as Motown, Stax records released singles and albums. A noted success was that of comedy artist
1331:
for the indie music industry, Worldwide Independent Network, was founded in 2006. WIN is a coalition of independent music bodies from countries throughout the world.
668:
to this orthodoxy: George McKay's argument in the article 'Was punk DIY? Is DIY punk?' that, because it relied on existing commercial record manufacturing companies,
1081:, one of the pioneering artists of the underground hip hop scene, whose success helped bring attention to independent hip hop releases and influenced many musicians.
5664:
8453:
801:
The UK Indie Chart became a major source of exposure for artists on independent labels, with the top ten singles regularly aired on the national television show
3670:
1664:
50/50 Entertainment (US, 2008– ); founded in 2008 by Michael Mares in Denver Colorado and is popular for their Top 50 Greatest female rappers of all-time list."
6152:
4334:
5665:"INTERVIEW: Scotland's best-kept musical secret CHARLIE CLARK on his new single & being signed by Alan McGee | XS Noize | Online Music Magazine"
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2073:
bought the catalogue for most of the label's acts (apart from New Order/Joy Division etc.) from Warner Music, with the label now listed as London Music Stream
7300:
4565:
3057:
1825:(UK, 1984–2000); this independent was set up by Zoo Records' David Balfe and would become closely associated with Britpop, by which time it was owned by EMI.
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8395:
4537:
4418:
5136:
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in Preston, Lancashire (Rock The Dancefloor - All Mixed Up), while the Ministry of Sound moved into compilations quite quickly with the release of their
4360:
4308:
1341:(AIM), which she launched in 1999. During this time she also helped to found WIN in 2006, remaining at WIN for twelve years, with the last two spent as
8344:
1290:
with acts from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s taking up a further seven slots (including compilations from acts like Slade and new albums from people like
680:
series, with the genre being given a more prominent role in music history than it had. The pub rock scene included labels such as Chiswick Records and
4866:
3280:
735:
The UK Indie Chart was first compiled in 1980, with the first number one being "Where's Captain Kirk?" by Spizz and his band (billed on the record as
6399:
3608:
6553:
2225:
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After being dormant for a number of years, the label was used by major label EMI Records in the early 2010s, for a number of Morrissey re-issues.
1334:
6189:
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1938:(prog, folk, reggae, glam, etc.) though by the 1980s they had become more focused on mainstream pop and had distribution deals with the majors.
1680:(Australia, 1972– ); founded by Michael Gudinski, with Mushroom Records also operating in the UK during the 1990s when the company was owned by
4496:
4403:
1270:
at number 30 with their song "Happiness", only charting after a special called "McFly: All About Us" was broadcast by ITV on 14 November 2020.
593:, was perhaps the most successful independent label from that era. Several established artists started their own independent labels, including
392:
The distinction between major and independent labels is not always clear. The traditional definition of a major label is a label that owns its
198:
4136:
8390:
8339:
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919:
Both All Around the World/AATW and the Ministry of Sound would be founded in 1991, the former by Cris Nuttall and Matt Cadman, the latter by
5300:
1354:
s "Top Women in Music" every year since publication. She stepped down from her role at WIN in December 2018, the following year taking on a
1286:
chart topper, the Partisan-signed band IDLES. On the Official Independent Albums Chart Top 10 for 8 October, IDLES would be number one with
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to a massive $ 3.4 million record deal, all which ended when Mimran's father, Jean Claude, cut finances. In the end Bowie's Savage album,
557:
had so much power that smaller labels struggled to establish themselves. Several British producers launched independent labels, including
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After having his own independent record company in the 1990s which charted a number of releases in the main UK charts, prog rock singer
616:, three of the four biggest rock bands at the time were signed and saw great commercial success with independent labels. These included
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823:" was increasingly used to describe artists, and "indie'" was more often used to describe a broad range of guitar-based rock and pop.
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7275:
5603:"ALAN MCGEE's CREATION23 Record Label Celebrates First Year & Strongest Line-Up Yet | XS Noize | Online Music Magazine"
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1684:. The Mushroom label was merged with Festival Records, and was sold to Warner Music as Festival Mushroom Records in Australia and
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1735:(UK, 1978–1982); formed in Liverpool by Bill Drummond and David Balfe in 1978. In the mid-to-late 1980s Drummond would co-found
129:
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One independent record label who was having a better time than Savage Records in the early to mid-90s American marketplace was
5693:"NEW SINGLE : CHARLIE CLARK - Scottish songwriter readies single on Alan McGee's 'It's Creation Baby' Label - 5 Feb 2021"
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retaining full independence (though Beggars was excluded as they had a deal with Warner Brothers for Gary Numan at the time).
6523:
2790:"Stiff Records Released "The Wit And Wisdom Of Ronald Reagan" (An Album Containing 40 Minutes Of Silence) 40 Years Ago Today"
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in Belgium, France, Luxembourg and The Netherlands, while the rest of V2's international operations were sold to UMG in 2007
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3870:"soho|music|hippychick|story|account|writing|whathappenedtosoho|sohogroup|sohoband"
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1847:(UK, 1990– ); founded by Jeff Barrett, this indie company has had distribution deals with London, Sony and EMI in the past
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would be seen as being one of the largest independent record companies of the 21st century after Sony BMG was dissolved).
136:
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or boutique labels, and are intended to appease established artists or allow them to discover and promote newer artists.
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Many musical artists begin their careers on independent labels, hoping to further grow their career into signing with a
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1345:. As a driving force in helping indie labels being able to compete worldwide with bigger companies, Wenham featured in
1209:. In 2017, WMG went on to sell the catalogues of a number of other artists to independent record companies, including
1150:, which had been spun-out of the Sony BMG joint venture that included Arista and RCA, ended up with the catalogues of
400:
deals and other arrangements with major labels. Major labels sometimes fully or partially acquire independent labels.
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2954:
2285:
280:
250:
232:
169:
118:
72:
17:
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2706:'Was punk DIY? Is DIY punk? Interrogating the DIY/punk nexus, with particular reference to the early UK punk scene,
1058:) to Thorn EMI in 1992 and a few years later decided to launch a 'new Virgin Records'. This 'Virgin2' was set up as
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862:, a number one hit that would see CBS and WEA (the future Sony BMG and WMG) move into the market with their rival
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1707:(UK, 1977– ); founded by Martin Mills and Nick Austin, now used for re-issues by parent company the Beggars Group
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859:
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5873:"Wayfarer Records Founder, Dave Luxton, Releases Follow-Up Space Ambient Album, "Music from the Firmament II""
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1918:(UK, 2015– ); founded by producer Dan Carey and run with Alexis Smith and Pierre Hall in co-operation with .
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1799:(Belgium, 1983– ); formed by Kenny Gates and Michel Lambot, this independent is now the main label of the
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4137:"Why Richard Branson had tears streaming down his face when he sold Virgin Records for a billion dollars"
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4013:"A Major Indie: CEO Hartwig Masuch Looks at BMG's First 10 Years -- and Shares His Vision for Its Future"
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1015:, which would become the best-selling independent record of the 1990s. The album was certified six times
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779:
6153:"Stewart Copeland: WE WERE ONCE REBELS: The story of I.R.S. Records and its unlikely rise to prominence"
5588:
4888:"Big Hit CEO Bang Si-hyuk now worth comfortably more than $ 2bn as BTS firm's IPO takes flight in Korea"
4792:"Despite the pandemic, Big Hit Entertainment generated revenues of $ 436m in the first 9 months of 2020"
3804:"A HOMEBOY A HIPPIE AND A FUNKI DREDD | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
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5462:"Warner Music Australia Announces the Acquisition of Festival Mushroom Records | Warner Music Inc"
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5342:"JANE BIRKIN & SERGE GAINSBOURG | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
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143:
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6400:"SHAKIN' STEVENS Announces Huge 19 Disc Anthology via BMG + Singles Collection & Brand New Track"
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883:
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4446:"Now Warner sells records by Athlete, Steve Harley and more to Chrysalis - Music Business Worldwide"
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1924:(Canada, 2020– ); Canadian record label and entertainment company founded by Velvet Code during the
1558:(US, 1950– ); was the first label to record Elvis Presley and other big names in early rock 'n roll.
382:, indie labels produce and distribute about 66% of music titles, but only account for 20% of sales.
8592:
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2080:
1967:
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1504:
In 2017, Finland's indie market share had the lowest share of the total music market, at only 16%.
1210:
1094:
747:(electronic point-of-sale systems) had yet to be introduced. The chart was unrelated to a specific
535:
415:
393:
214:
7625:
6226:
3535:
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2705:
2156:), which stayed with Sony Music. However, the rights to the recordings of some CBS/Epic acts like
206:
8604:
8302:
7923:
7356:
7229:
7139:
6836:
4208:
3972:
2153:
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2079:(UK, 1981–2011); co-founded with Ralph Simon by Clive Calder, who sold Jive's parent company the
1704:
1565:
1278:
1190:
1040:
and as the bands got bigger the releases ended up going through major distribution channels like
951:
924:
431:
96:
6027:
4592:"Because buys Beta Band catalogue, other deals imminent as Warner divestment deadline day looms"
3429:"VARIOUS ARTISTS - NOW SERIES | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3360:
3149:""It needed to happen in this city" - Liverpool's Eggy Records and the resurgence of Scouse DIY"
1512:
In 2017, South Korea's indie market showed the healthiest share of the total music market, 88%.
819:, with Zoo Records being the Liverpool-based label of Bill Drummond and David Balfe). The term "
7615:
7112:
7081:
7047:
7024:
7012:
4744:
4676:
4121:
3449:
2021:(UK, 1972– ); set up by Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Tom Newman and Nik Powell; now owned by
1355:
939:
816:
808:
676:
scene has been re-evaluated by cultural historians and in rock documentaries such as Sky Arts'
606:
514:
changed as people began to more quickly learn the industry. Several companies set up their own
31:
4867:"BTS label Big Hit acquires stake in K-Pop firm Pledis; becomes company's largest shareholder"
2966:
1945:(Jamaica, 1959– ); became an international operation mostly based in the UK/USA, now owned by
1670:(Australia, 2013– ); founded in 2013 by co-managing directors Leigh Gruppetta and Stu Harvey.
302:
Many of the labels started as producers and distributors of specific genres of music, such as
8496:
8288:
7883:
7385:
7351:
7341:
7336:
7132:
6888:
6831:
6596:
6276:
5137:"New report puts Aussie indie labels at 30% revenue share, in Top 10 of global indie markets"
4730:
3821:
2309:
2240:
2196:
2149:
2106:
Stylus Music – this record company was known for the Hit Mix albums made in conjunction with
2060:
2022:
1994:
1977:
1955:
1946:
1786:
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1549:
1308:
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1912:
Wayfarer Records (US, 2007– ); founded by producer, musician, and psychologist Dave Luxton.
1835:, this indie label was originally a rave music label spun-off from Beggars' Citybeat label.
1576:
1347:
1316:
1122:
7305:
5909:"Speedy Wunderground at three – the cult indie label looks back on their best bits so far"
3244:
900:
releases would start to feature more house tracks by people like Krush and Nitro De Luxe.
794:) at its helm, of which the label was closely associated with. Whether indie fans dismiss
8:
8242:
8021:
7434:
7152:
7144:
6805:
6703:
5359:
4538:"Warner sells flurry of copyrights as indie divestment process heads towards finish line"
4309:"Updated: Warner Music Group's Acquisition of Parlophone Approved by European Commission"
3767:
3262:
3226:
2401:
2383:
2101:
2004:
1915:
1844:
1841:(UK, 1989– ); this indie label was originally a dance music label specialising in "Bleep"
1838:
1773:
between 1999 and 2010 with the label's back catalogue reissued by Captured Tracks in 2017
1726:
1582:
1186:
1111:
scene began to grow, so did the attraction of creating independent labels for the genre.
1108:
827:
740:
721:
471:
276:
7374:
3020:
1882:
1754:(UK, 1980– ); founded by Ivo Watts-Russell and Peter Kent, now part of the Beggars Group
826:
The "explosion" of the dance music scene in the mid- to late 1980s found labels such as
7843:
7758:
7670:
7532:
7390:
7315:
7042:
6753:
6576:
6349:
3392:
3208:
2173:(Belgium, 1984– ) R&S stands for the founders Renaat Vandepapeliere and Sabine Maes
2040:
2030:
1900:
1886:
1770:
1766:
1616:
1575:(US, 1960– ); founded by Chris Strachwitz, this blues and zydeco label is now owned by
1303:
1222:
1163:
704:
602:
566:
419:
6367:
6052:
4361:"Warner Music Begins Auctioning Off Assets to Indies Following Parlophone Acquisition"
454:. Disputes with major labels led to a proliferation of smaller labels specializing in
8556:
8511:
8501:
8227:
8222:
8202:
8197:
8069:
7990:
7982:
7959:
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7888:
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7630:
7459:
7168:
6979:
6868:
6743:
6698:
6676:
6632:
6581:
6519:
6386:"Shakin' Stevens / Fire in the Blood: The Definitive Collection – SuperDeluxeEdition"
5386:
4771:
4209:"HAWKWIND LIGHT OR | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
4112:
4043:
2950:
2921:
2870:
2631:
2602:
2502:
2281:
2230:
2182:
2179:(UK, 1991– ) founded in Blackburn, Lancashire in 1991 by Cris Nuttall and Matt Cadman
2137:
2066:
2000:
1925:
1808:
1641:
1569:
worldwide distribution network through Allied Artists Music & Video Distribution.
1238:
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375:
284:
6482:
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3002:
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8258:
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8006:
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7824:
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7527:
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6841:
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6613:
3450:"VARIOUS ARTISTS | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
2946:
2143:
1906:
1862:
1816:
1776:
1757:
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1651:
1572:
1202:
1173:) that UMG was not allowed to keep hold of after acquiring the remainder. In 2016,
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1133:
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578:
499:
6313:
5246:"'I'm a song catcher': 60 years of Arhoolie Records, the label for a lost America"
5193:"Australian music industry the sixth largest in the world as indie sector thrives"
1807:, London (which also acts as the distributor for labels like Speedy Wunderground,
8126:
8119:
7847:
7768:
7685:
7655:
7640:
7635:
7195:
6918:
6761:
6644:
6502:
6489:
5637:"Creation 23 Official Online Store : Merch, Music, Downloads & Clothing"
4827:
3822:"SILVER BULLET | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
2116:
2052:
1928:, is known for working with LGBTQ+ artists who had it hard in the music industry.
1921:
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1016:
1002:
843:
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629:
550:
519:
487:
7610:
6069:
Solomons, Mark (1998) "'UniGram': The Euro Outlook: A&M U.K. Restructured",
5043:
4419:"Girl power: Inside Chrysalis' new deal for Everything But The Girl's catalogue"
3933:"David Bowie, Businessman: A Deep Dive Into The Musician's Visionary Dealmaking"
3877:
3411:"NUKLEUZ DJ'S | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
2726:"Watch Trailblazers: 80's Pop Season 1 Episode 18 Online - Stream Full Episodes"
2195:
music scene and was founded by Damian Harris. In 2014 the label was acquired by
1980:. A&M was a very successful independent label. Founded in 1962 by trumpeter
1162:(the biggest independent record label in the UK before it went bankrupt), while
1062:
in 1996 with staff from Branson's company working on V2 at the same time as the
663:
movement was the main turning point for independent labels, with the movement's
8566:
7998:
7954:
7918:
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7810:
7773:
7705:
7522:
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7178:
6933:
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6923:
6913:
3311:"FPI PROJECT | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
2170:
2127:
2107:
2084:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2018:
2012:
1973:
1942:
1761:
1685:
1677:
1633:
1291:
1246:
1242:
1151:
1055:
1024:
896:
803:
760:
700:
684:, the latter being a company known for rude slogans, bizarre releases (such as
664:
637:
609:. These labels tended to fail commercially or be acquired by the major labels.
542:
511:
5281:
5020:
4082:
3499:
3245:"WOOD ALLEN | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
851:
and, in the 1990s, a UK arm which would eventually turn into hard house label
291:
or region, which in turn are represented by the international trade body, the
8620:
8147:
7839:
7778:
7710:
7567:
7547:
7517:
6969:
6959:
6331:
5360:"Morrissey | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
4851:
3768:"New Order | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3393:"DJ NATION | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3263:"STARLIGHT | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3227:"MIXMASTER | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3191:"David Balfe special talking about Teardrop Explodes, Zoo & Food Records"
2188:
2070:
1989:
1828:
1691:
1593:
1543:
1315:
by BTS, but did include the period when the label bought into Han Sung Soo's
1274:
1254:
1250:
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339:
307:
5890:
5378:
4100:
3691:"Why The Legacy Of Factory Records Boss Tony Wilson Can Still Be Felt Today"
3114:"Lost Liverpool #16: Club Zoo and The Teardrop Explodes going off the rails"
2984:
2890:
2652:
2110:
and albums such as Entertainment USA and Telly Hits in association with the
8561:
8526:
8295:
8274:
8140:
8011:
7969:
7944:
7903:
7893:
7867:
7793:
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7690:
7542:
7490:
7438:
7290:
7173:
7127:
7091:
6800:
6720:
6708:
5406:
4847:"BTS Owns $ 108 Million of Big Hit. Every Other Artist Will Be Taking Note"
3500:"All Around The World Demo Submission, Contacts, A&R, Links & More"
3209:"COLDCUT | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3099:
2256:
2157:
2132:
2076:
1868:
1850:
1822:
1740:
1716:
1610:
1230:
1054:
sold the independent label he co-founded with Simon Draper and Nik Powell (
943:
928:
874:
625:
621:
495:
479:
404:
386:
331:
272:
7122:
6296:"Woolworths: The dying giant that set off a decade of High Street turmoil"
6087:
6053:"MILLIE | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
5499:"Best Indie Record Labels Of All Time: 20 Imprints That Changed The World"
4659:"Official Independent Singles Chart Top 50 | Official Charts Company"
3346:
8571:
8506:
8323:
8098:
7977:
7878:
7855:
7803:
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6733:
6728:
6649:
6637:
6531:
5760:
5714:
5377:
February 12, Richard Palmer on; Said, 2013 at 8:53 Pm (23 January 2012).
4713:"Official Independent Albums Chart Top 50 | Official Charts Company"
3657:"Remembering Anthony H. Wilson: His Story, Five Best Quotes and Playlist"
2063:, the name has been used for an Americana label called I.R.S. Nashville).
2026:
1981:
1959:
1832:
1812:
1732:
1699:
1637:
1555:
1117:
1037:
988:
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653:
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491:
483:
467:
371:
347:
343:
30:"Boutique label" redirects here. For specialty labels in home video, see
5532:"$ 5 gigs, not $ 10m deals: the story of US punk label Dischord Records"
5263:
4695:"FISH | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3786:"SOHO | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
3081:"Alan McGee on Creation, Oasis and cashflow – a classic from the vaults"
2572:
1528:
In 2017, the US indie market had a 34% share of the total music market.
1520:
In 2017, the UK indie market had a 23% share of the total music market.
1429:
739:). "Where's Captain Kirk?" had been a constant seller for Geoff Travis'
8232:
8154:
8059:
7748:
7731:
7587:
7537:
7380:
7007:
6861:
6073:– The International Newsweekly of Music, Video, and Home Entertainment.
5636:
5421:"JT Reacts to City Girls Getting Left Off 'Top 50 Female Rappers' List"
5232:"Allied Artists | Music | Musicians | Bands | DJ's"
5231:
4596:
4515:
4423:
4404:"Warner sells Chrysalis Records back to Chris Wright and Blue Raincoat"
3671:"10 years on, these are Tony Wilson's 10 greatest gifts to pop culture"
3565:
https://planetradiooffers.co.uk/rock-the-dancefloor-half-price-voucher/
3518:"All Around The World Records - Blackburn BB2 1LN (Lancashire), Unit 1"
2008:
1985:
1878:
1874:
1804:
1800:
1760:(US, 1980– ); set up in Washington DC by members of a punk band called
1671:
1627:
1605:
1170:
1063:
1059:
947:
831:
523:
315:
311:
303:
5440:"Sony Music makes "significant investment" in Cooking Vinyl Australia"
5102:
2397:"Wire Playlist: Musician-Owned Record Labels in Jazz in the 1940s–60s"
1988:(M), A&M was initially the label and distributor for Alpert's own
1694:(UK, 1976– ); founded by Dave Robinson and Jake Riviera, now owned by
1089:
records would be founded in New York, a funk and soul label known for
8491:
8187:
8105:
7851:
7700:
7572:
7485:
7182:
7107:
6964:
6851:
6815:
6621:
6608:
6515:
6457:
5324:"Phil Solomon: Pop impresario who handled Them and the Bachelors and"
4497:"Warner sells assets to Nettwerk as divestment process picks up pace"
3847:
2627:
1782:
1493:
1466:
1328:
1295:
1234:
1218:
1174:
1137:
marketplace to their compilations partner, the original BMG company.
1032:
1019:
in the United States and sold more than 12 million copies worldwide.
787:
725:
692:
660:
443:
6170:
4335:"Warner Music Group Closes on Acquisition of Parlophone Label Group"
3590:
3482:"Official Compilations Chart Top 100 | Official Charts Company"
1729:(UK, 1978– ); founded by Geoff Travis, now part of the Beggars Group
728:, which helped to take releases from small labels and get them into
85:
8267:
8217:
8112:
7741:
7736:
7117:
7029:
6947:
6810:
6686:
6591:
3998:
3900:"ROCK / A close shave and no cash back: When David Bowie signed to"
2192:
1963:
1214:
1206:
914:
558:
447:
6495:
5818:
4912:"Worldwide Independent Network CEO Alison Wenham Is Stepping Down"
4633:"Warner sells Atlantic's The Lemonheads catalogue to Fire Records"
790:
the label was independently distributed and did have a music fan (
8016:
7939:
7913:
7871:
7454:
7221:
6908:
6878:
6738:
6603:
6586:
6568:
5800:
5651:"Alan McGee Goes It Alone with New Label Creation 23, PopMatters"
4619:"Concord buys yet again in multi-million dollar deal with Warner"
2985:"BBC Four - More Punk and New Wave Compiled by Annie Nightingale"
2095:
2055:. Known for its range of college rock acts and a MTV show called
2039:(US, 1979–2013); referred to as a 'boutique' label by co-founder
1736:
1112:
1078:
963:
852:
714:
442:
Independent labels have historically anticipated developments in
397:
363:
288:
4939:
4472:"Chrysalis acquires Parlophone catalogues under divestment deal"
2859:"The story of Stiff, the most anarchic record label of all time"
1674:
bought into the company in 2018 with a "significant investment."
751:, and the chart featured a diverse range of music, from punk to
8041:
7577:
7189:
6350:"Official Singles Chart Top 100 | Official Charts Company"
6001:"Velvet Code's SO FIERCE MUSIC Gives Artists a Voice | One EDM"
5679:"Alan McGee on Creation Stories, and His Passion for New Music"
5550:"Flying Nun Records: 10 of the best songs of the Dunedin sound"
1951:
1622:
1394:
1386:
1198:
1041:
783:
752:
613:
335:
319:
6368:"Official Albums Chart Top 100 | Official Charts Company"
6032:
Out Now Magazine | Music News - Charts , Festivals & Clubs
5929:"Speedy Wunderground: the record label breaking its own rules"
1769:(New Zealand, 1981– ); founded by Roger Shepherd but owned by
891:. In fact, apart from a few soul music compilations billed as
7862:
7512:
6780:
6664:
6413:
5479:
4386:"Radiohead's back catalog purchased by XL Recordings: Report"
3744:
3742:
2160:
and Shakin' Stevens were transferred over to the new company.
2122:
1585:(Northern Ireland/UK, 1966–2011); set up by Radio Caroline's
1488:
The report valued the Australian recording industry as worth
1382:
1377:
As of August 2019 other member organisations of WIN included
1267:
748:
463:
367:
327:
6431:
4810:"BTS' label launch talent show to find next K-pop superstar"
4155:"THIS WEEK: Virgin gets back in record label groove with V2"
3638:
3374:
3169:"Echo & The Bunnymen - The John Peel Sessions 1979-1983"
2693:
No Future: Punk, Politics and British Youth Culture, 1976-84
2691:. Milton Keynes: Open University Press; Worley, Matt. 2017.
2671:"45 Discography for MAM Records - UK - distributed by Decca"
2199:, who brought back Harris to the label as creative director.
8212:
8064:
7552:
7444:
7320:
5855:"Wayfarer Records – Local Label Explores a Sonic Landscape"
5801:"Infectious Music | UK-based Independent Record Label"
5069:"Charlie Phillips to head up Worldwide Independent Network"
1473:, known as AIR, representing about 350 members as of 2019.
1378:
938:. Over the following decades, album brands such as AATW's
459:
323:
4552:"Because confirms acquisition of London Records catalogue"
4257:"Warner Music Group to acquire the Parlophone Label Group"
4234:
3739:
2278:
Converging Media: A new Introduction to Mass Communication
834:
and Wax On Records set up. In Italy production teams like
346:. Music appearing on indie labels is often referred to as
283:, or SME. The labels and artists are often represented by
8237:
8207:
8133:
7908:
7449:
5913:
5621:
3695:
3675:
3591:"Euphoria Albums, A Higher State Of, Pure, True, Classic"
3153:
2842:
2111:
1751:
1713:(UK, 1978–1992); founded by Tony Wilson and Alan Erasmus
1342:
772:
763:, including many songs in the late 1980s by artists like
546:
427:
306:, or represent something new and non-mainstream, such as
5947:"Inside the World of Speedy Wunderground | Gigwise"
5735:
4566:"Bananarama rejoint le label de Christine and The Queen"
3003:"Sixties City - British Music Record Charts 60s History"
2659:(Interview). Interviewed by Johnnie Walker. BBC Radio 2.
2191:(UK, 1995– ) this label was closely associated with the
2119:– also the owner of dance record labels such as Multiply
652:
Early independents of the 1970s included labels such as
6263:""Hit Mix 86" Was The Best 80's Compilation Album Ever"
5162:"Australian Independent Record Labels of Australia Ltd"
3543:
538:
and began distributing releases from local rock bands.
6028:"Velvet Code Launches His Own Label 'SO FIERCE MUSIC'"
5965:"An Interview with Pierre Hall of Speedy Wunderground"
5589:"Alan McGee Launches New 7" Record Label, Creation 23"
4284:"Warner Music Group Buys EMI Assets for $ 765 Million"
3750:"Because officially acquires London Records catalogue"
3577:"Rock the Dance Floor: All Mixed Up - Various Artists"
1970:
in 2005 and relaunched as a standalone label in 2011).
1859:(UK, 1993– ); founded by Laurence Bell and Jacqui Rice
1322:
370:. They are not affiliated with or funded by the three
4083:"Richard Branson: I Cried When I Sold Virgin Records"
3444:
3442:
2334:"How the Big Four Record Labels Became the Big Three"
2051:
and was a development of Copeland's 1977 indie label
1537:
The Scouting Party Index of Independent Record Labels
1478:
AIR Share: Australian Independent Music Market Report
1140:
275:
that operates without the funding or distribution of
2207:
5837:"A Short History of How V2 Records Ended Up On UMG"
4758:September 2020, Jerry Ewing29 (29 September 2020).
4511:"Cherry Red set to capitalise on Warner divestment"
2381:
The Guinness Who's Who of Indie and New Wave Music.
2236:
List of Billboard 200 number-one independent albums
659:For many years, the general consensus was that the
510:In the late 1940s and into the 1950s, the American
110:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
6135:"I.R.S. Records Was a Groundbreaking Record Label"
5617:"Alan McGee launches new record label, Creation23"
5299:
4030:December 2015, Daryl Easlea18 (18 December 2015).
3439:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3021:"THE REAL KING OF POP - Record Collector Magazine"
2967:"From Beggars To Kings: The Beggars Banquet Story"
866:and Chrysalis and MCA team up for the short lived
4064:"Virgin Records co-founder Nik Powell dies at 69"
2908:February 2019, Rob Hughes 14 (14 February 2019).
2689:One Chord Wonders: Power and Meaning in Punk Rock
1789:. After selling Go! Discs, Andy Macdonald set up
691:In the United States, independent labels such as
612:Internationally, the situation was different. In
8618:
6209:"G.E. TO SELL ITS HOLDING IN RCA/ARIOLA RECORDS"
5565:
5563:
4760:"Fish denied No 2 chart placing for Weltschmerz"
2596:
2354:"Here Is a Look at How Indie Record Labels Work"
2226:Australian Independent Record Labels Association
1793:though through a distribution deal via Sony BMG.
1471:Australian Independent Record Labels Association
915:1990s: Dance music, Britpop and alternative rock
474:and country music, working with artists such as
5376:
3027:
2715:(November 2023 online), 1-13, italics original.
1997:in 1998, and A&M folded the following year.
1097:and a lot of the musicians who would appear on
470:played an important part in the development of
5513:"33 Independent Record Labels You Should Know"
4966:"Alison Wenham is stepping down as CEO of WIN"
4882:
4880:
4757:
4499:. Music Business Worldwide. 28 September 2016.
3184:
3182:
2945:Lazell, Barry (1997). "Indie Hits 1980–1989",
2650:
2096:Catalogue and TV-advertised compilation makers
1626:; absorbed into and subsequently shut down by
715:1980s: Compilations, post-punk and indie music
534:geared their attention towards bands like the
7237:
6547:
6025:
5983:"Speedy Wunderground: Time Is Of The Essence"
5560:
4029:
2907:
2498:"'Tomfoolery' Brings Vintage Lehrer to Stage"
1899:(US, 2005– ); founded by Allen Kovac, became
1069:
672:. Further, only recently has the early 1970s
545:during the 1950s and 1960s, the major labels
195:The examples and perspective in this article
4934:
4932:
3965:
6207:Stevenson, Richard W. (10 September 1986).
5391:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5041:
4877:
4776:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4048:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3281:"Groove Groove Melody - Electric Soul Show"
3179:
2926:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2910:"Stiff Records: A guide to the best albums"
2875:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2597:Brandels, Göran; Wrigholm, Lennart (2012).
2164:
838:and the FPI Project would make and release
647:
73:Learn how and when to remove these messages
7244:
7230:
6561:
6554:
6540:
6509:
6110:"The Go-Go's documentary premieres on Sky"
3999:"Echobelly – the official website - About"
3143:
3141:
2856:
2621:
2599:Boken Om Tages: Från Avenyn til Abbey Road
1476:A 2017 report commissioned by AIR, titled
1469:for the independent music industry is the
1420:
7719:
6206:
6063:
5695:. Scottish Music Network. 24 January 2021
5130:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5122:
5120:
4929:
4909:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2857:March 2018, Max Bell 28 (28 March 2018).
2519:"Independent record labels and producers"
2440:
380:Recording Industry Association of America
350:, or more specifically by genre, such as
251:Learn how and when to remove this message
233:Learn how and when to remove this message
170:Learn how and when to remove this message
5730:
5728:
4992:"Alison Wenham joins Funnel Music board"
4621:. Music Business Worldwide. 6 July 2017.
4554:. Music Business Worldwide. 6 July 2017.
4540:. Music Business Worldwide. 1 June 2017.
4406:. Music Business Worldwide. 1 June 2016.
4191:"The Observer Profile: Victoria Beckham"
4134:
3973:"The Offspring - Smash (album review 3)"
2758:"Stiff Records | Nostalgia Central"
2651:O'Sullivan, Gilbert (28 February 2021).
2473:"THE INTERNATIONAL ARTISTS RECORD LABEL"
2379:Rogan, Johnny (1992). "Introduction" in
1831:(UK, 1989– ); founded by Tim Palmer and
1604:, best known as the label that released
1073:
6293:
6187:
5571:"The greatest ever indie record labels"
5530:Wray, Daniel Dylan (20 November 2020).
5496:
5437:
5134:
4989:
4963:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4281:
4135:Clifford, Catherine (6 February 2017).
3329:"Rich In Paradise: 19 Italo House Gems"
3188:
3138:
2838:"The Greatest Indie Labels Of All Time"
2817:
2695:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
2375:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
1871:(UK, 1994– ); founded by Simon Williams
1658:
1107:album in 2006. As the indie hip hop or
14:
8619:
5472:
5438:Eliezer, Christie (13 February 2018).
5190:
5135:Eliezer, Christie (4 September 2017).
5117:
4844:
4416:
4080:
3916:
3361:"Interview with Gianfranco Bortolotti"
2934:
2820:"Be Stiff Tour – The Age of The Train"
2772:"Stiff Records: Do-It-Yourself Daring"
2744:"If It Ain't Stiff It Ain't Worth A …"
2275:
1954:(US, 1959–2005, 2011– ); now owned by
1260:
7225:
6535:
6512:The Institutions of Local Development
6432:"R&S Records · Record label ⟋ RA"
6414:"R&S Records • In Order To Dance"
6190:"The Rise And Fall Of London Records"
5725:
5312:from the original on 12 January 2022.
2891:"Stiff Records - Punk Rock In The UK"
2713:DIY, Alternative Cultures and Society
2657:Sounds of the 70s with Johnnie Walker
2624:The Institutions of Local Development
2541:
2539:
1853:(UK, 1991– ); founded by Saul Galpern
1132:went bankrupt in the UK after giving
670:o punk band ever made its own singles
5529:
5199:from the original on 30 January 2018
5191:Taylor, Andrew (26 September 2017).
5154:
4910:Resnikoff, Paul (12 December 2018).
4898:
3951:"No Appeal For Savage/Bowie Lawsuit"
3097:
3078:
3040:"How indie labels changed the world"
2805:"Remembering the Be Stiff Tour 1978"
2364:
2350:
2330:
1424:
1121:sold over 150,000 copies, making it
855:, known for its DJ Nation releases.
362:Independent record labels are small
181:
108:adding citations to reliable sources
79:
38:
8471:Global Recording Artist of the Year
8439:Highest-grossing live music artists
6227:"Bertelsmann buys out Britney guru"
5783:"UK: BMG Acquires Infectious Music"
4032:"A Brief History Of Virgin Records"
3375:"Media Records · Record label ⟋ RA"
2818:Cortina, Lene (23 September 2018).
2653:"Special Guest: Gilbert O'Sullivan"
2516:
1748:(UK, 1979– ); founded by Alan Horne
1323:Worldwide Independent Network (WIN)
1125:highest selling underground album.
879:Open Top Cars and Girls in T'Shirts
695:found success with artists such as
686:The Wit And Wisdom Of Ronald Reagan
24:
7251:
6857:List of American independent films
6476:
5264:"This Ain't No Mouse Music (2013)"
5042:Van Buskirk, Eliot (27 May 2008).
4964:Brandle, Lars (13 December 2018).
4745:"ALBUM REVIEW: Weltschmerz - Fish"
4081:Little, Lyneka (25 October 2013).
3639:"Fac 251 · Manchester · Club ⟋ RA"
3098:Nash, Stewart (18 February 2010).
2601:. Premium Publishing. p. 36.
2536:
1141:2010s: Heritage acts and re-issues
1044:(its also worth pointing out that
530:independent record labels such as
310:in the early days. Indies release
25:
8648:
6510:Sforzi, Fabio; Amin, Ash (2018).
6086:. 23 January 2012. Archived from
5168:. The Music Trust. Archived from
5166:Music in Australia Knowledge Base
4731:"FISH – WELTSCHMERZ Album Review"
3470:. My Mashed Up Life. 30 May 2020.
2802:
2622:Sforzi, Fabio; Amin, Ash (2018).
1932:
1531:
1515:
1372:
1197:), while the rights to albums by
281:small- to medium-sized enterprise
54:This article has multiple issues.
8600:
8599:
8586:
7616:Artists and repertoire (A&R)
7347:Universal Music Publishing Group
6442:
6424:
6406:
6392:
6378:
6360:
6342:
6324:
6306:
6294:Andrews, Mark (4 January 2019).
6287:
6269:
6265:. My Mashed Up Life. 9 May 2020.
6255:
6237:
6219:
6200:
6181:
6163:
6145:
6127:
6102:
6076:
6045:
6026:outnowcontact (26 August 2020).
6019:
5993:
5975:
5957:
5939:
5921:
5901:
5883:
5865:
5847:
5829:
5811:
5793:
5775:
5746:
5707:
5685:
5671:
5657:
5643:
5629:
5609:
5595:
5581:
5542:
5538:– via www.theguardian.com.
5523:
5505:
5490:
5454:
5431:
5413:
5399:
5370:
5352:
5334:
5316:
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5009:
4983:
4957:
4859:
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4802:
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4751:
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4687:
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4544:
4530:
4503:
4489:
4464:
4438:
4410:
4396:
4378:
4353:
4327:
4301:
4282:Sisario, Ben (7 February 2013).
2210:
1636:(UK, 1968– ); set up and run by
1523:
1428:
1339:Association of Independent Music
1337:spent 17 years leading the UK's
889:Chart Encounters Of The Hit Kind
412:Association of Independent Music
186:
84:
43:
8037:Entertainment Monitoring Africa
6767:Experimental musical instrument
6188:Choules, Reece (25 June 2015).
4845:Ingham, Tim (19 October 2020).
4677:"McFly: All About Us Episode 1"
4417:Garner, George (18 July 2017).
4275:
4249:
4227:"Cherry Red Records - homepage"
4219:
4201:
4183:
4165:
4147:
4128:
4093:
4074:
4056:
4023:
4005:
3991:
3943:
3925:
3910:
3892:
3862:
3832:
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3778:
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3721:
3703:
3683:
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3649:
3631:
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3583:
3569:
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3403:
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3321:
3303:
3273:
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3237:
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3201:
3161:
3120:
3106:
3091:
3072:
3050:
3013:
2995:
2977:
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2901:
2883:
2850:
2830:
2811:
2796:
2782:
2764:
2750:
2736:
2718:
2698:
2681:
2663:
2644:
2615:
2590:
2565:
2510:
2490:
1005:. It was Epitaph that released
956:TV channels in the 21st century
95:needs additional citations for
62:or discuss these issues on the
8537:Largest recorded music markets
8444:Highest-grossing concert tours
5497:Peacock, Tim (3 August 2020).
5099:Worldwide Independent Networks
4944:Worldwide Independent Networks
4173:"Virgin sells record label V2"
2465:
2434:
2408:
2389:
2344:
2324:
2294:
2269:
2043:in the 2020 documentary about
2007:, the rest under ex-EMI label
1976:(US, 1962−1999); now owned by
1785:(UK, 1983–1996); now owned by
1507:
1301:According to Korean newspaper
1277:decided not to sign up to the
1177:'s back catalogue was sold to
505:
13:
1:
7211:Social peer-to-peer processes
5282:"A tribute to Philip Solomon"
4990:Brandle, Lars (4 June 2019).
3917:Haring, Bruce (1 June 1993).
3579:– via www.allmusic.com.
2675:www.globaldogproductions.info
2262:
1189:(now including recordings by
293:Worldwide Independent Network
8637:Cassette culture 1970s–1990s
8593:Record production portal
7409:Independent UK record labels
5044:"July 4: 'Independents Day'"
5017:"Independents Day Australia"
3100:"History – Creation Records"
2252:Indie (disambiguation)#Music
2250:Terms related to "indie" at
1460:
860:Now That's What I Call Music
366:that produce and distribute
7:
8632:Music industry associations
8461:Most-attended concert tours
5891:"About Speedy Wunderground"
3468:"Vintage Vinyl: Hix Mix 86"
2547:"Den svenska skivindustrin"
2280:. Oxford University Press.
2203:
2047:, this label was set-up at
1739:, while Balfe would set up
1596:(US, 1976–1989); set up by
1404:
946:or the Ministry of Sound's
905:All Around the World (AATW)
832:Coldcut's Ahead of Our Time
357:
209:, discuss the issue on the
10:
8653:
8476:Wealthiest musical artists
8329:Best-selling music artists
6454:www.skintentertainment.com
6281:www.woolworthsmuseum.co.uk
5221:17.6 (1986): 495–496. Web.
3609:"FAC251 - Princess Street"
2573:"Hep Stars - Olga Records"
2553:(in Swedish). 27 June 2018
2443:"The Soul of Stax Records"
1562:Allied Artists Music Group
1499:
1257:and various French acts).
1070:2000s: Hip hop and R&B
437:
119:"Independent record label"
29:
8627:Independent record labels
8580:
8484:
8316:
8251:
8180:
8171:
8083:
8047:New Zealand singles chart
7968:
7932:
7823:
7601:
7503:
7468:
7422:
7365:
7329:
7268:
7259:
7161:
7100:
7065:
6998:
6955:
6946:
6847:American eccentric cinema
6824:
6788:
6779:
6752:
6672:
6663:
6655:Amateur press association
6567:
6488:27 September 2019 at the
6314:"1970s music on a budget"
6277:"1970s music on a budget"
5195:. Sydney Morning Herald.
4120:Cite uses generic title (
3595:www.euphoria-albums.co.uk
3079:Bell, Max (29 May 2013).
3062:www.pennyblackmusic.co.uk
2057:I.R.S.’s The Cutting Edge
1719:(UK, 1978– ); founded by
1564:(US, 1959– ); founded by
1361:On 4 July 2008, WIN ran "
1358:'s role at Funnel Music.
884:Raiders of the Pop Charts
815:in 1979 for Zoo Record's
8517:Christian music industry
8032:GfK Entertainment charts
7676:Professional audio store
6496:Features of independents
5933:www.theunsignedguide.com
5217:"Nonprint". "Nonprint".
5073:Music Business Worldwide
4892:Music Business Worldwide
4871:Music Business Worldwide
4796:Music Business Worldwide
4637:Music Business Worldwide
3919:"Savage has gone silent"
3754:Music Business Worldwide
3285:www.electricsoulshow.com
3058:"Alan McGee - Interview"
2246:Open-source record label
2218:Record production portal
2165:Dance music independents
1984:(A) and record promoter
1968:Universal Motown Records
1698:along with sister label
897:the Disco Mix Club (DMC)
875:StreetSounds/StreetWaves
782:'s releases were mainly
648:1970s: Punk and pub rock
265:independent record label
7924:Music streaming service
7357:Disney Music Publishing
6837:Cinema of Transgression
6157:www.stewartcopeland.net
5286:www.offshoreradio.co.uk
3711:"Tony Wilson 1950-2007"
2776:Encyclopedia Britannica
2441:Blount Danois, Ericka.
2276:Pavlik, John V (2016).
1566:Allied Artists Pictures
1421:21st century by country
1279:Official Charts Company
1191:Everything but the Girl
1179:Beggars (XL Recordings)
840:Italo dance/piano house
817:Echo & the Bunnymen
8466:Most-attended concerts
8434:Highest-paid musicians
7153:Independent TV station
7082:Independent soft drink
7048:Open-source video game
6562:Independent production
6372:www.officialcharts.com
6354:www.officialcharts.com
6300:www.expressandstar.com
6057:www.officialcharts.com
5364:www.officialcharts.com
5346:www.officialcharts.com
4717:www.officialcharts.com
4699:www.officialcharts.com
4663:www.officialcharts.com
4213:www.officialcharts.com
4159:www.campaignlive.co.uk
3874:www.clockworkthrob.com
3826:www.officialcharts.com
3808:www.officialcharts.com
3790:www.officialcharts.com
3772:www.officialcharts.com
3486:www.officialcharts.com
3454:www.officialcharts.com
3433:www.officialcharts.com
3415:www.officialcharts.com
3397:www.officialcharts.com
3315:www.officialcharts.com
3267:www.officialcharts.com
3249:www.officialcharts.com
3231:www.officialcharts.com
3213:www.officialcharts.com
3189:Development, PodBean.
2420:Made In Chicago Museum
2033:for more information).
1630:Entertainment in 1989.
1608:'s blockbuster albums
1552:(US, 1943– ); New York
1381:(USA), ABMI (Brazil),
1356:non-executive director
1082:
927:radio station such as
893:Dance Mix - Dance Hits
703:, with labels such as
634:Ola & the Janglers
607:Rolling Stones Records
528:psychedelic revolution
32:Boutique Blu-ray label
8547:Most valuable records
8542:Most expensive albums
8497:Album-equivalent unit
8027:Italian singles chart
7884:Promotional recording
7352:Warner Chappell Music
7342:Sony Music Publishing
7337:BMG Rights Management
7133:Visionary environment
6832:Independent animation
5877:News Channel Nebraska
5805:infectiousmusicuk.com
4996:The Industry Observer
4970:The Industry Observer
4828:"Billboard 200 Chart"
4259:. WMG. Archived from
3729:"Back to the Factory"
3613:manchesterhistory.net
2704:McKay, George. 2023.
2302:"Indie record labels"
2241:List of record labels
1995:Universal Music Group
1966:in 1993. Merged into
1646:BMG Rights Management
1309:Big Hit Entertainment
1077:
994:Black Tie White Noise
848:Gianfranco Bortolotti
796:Stock Aitken Waterman
724:, Backs Records, and
532:International Artists
446:, beginning with the
424:Universal Music Group
279:; they are a type of
8522:Environmental impact
8422:Best-selling singles
7435:Digital music stores
7145:Independent circuit
6975:Open-source software
6874:Guerrilla filmmaking
6501:2 April 2019 at the
6492:(2018 market report)
6402:. 24 September 2020.
6388:. 23 September 2020.
5754:"Cooperative Labels"
5653:. 10 September 2020.
5270:. 26 September 2014.
4747:. 24 September 2020.
4733:. 21 September 2020.
3175:. 11 September 2019.
3068:on 15 February 2016.
2447:Wax Poetics Magazine
1962:in 1988 and then to
1659:'Indie music' labels
1577:Smithsonian Folkways
1317:Pledis Entertainment
1123:Stones Throw Records
836:Groove Groove Melody
536:13th Floor Elevators
394:distribution channel
372:major records labels
215:create a new article
207:improve this article
197:may not represent a
104:improve this article
27:Type of record label
8552:Music certification
8532:Largest music deals
8410:Best-selling albums
8243:The Country Network
8022:Irish Singles Chart
7671:Musical instruments
7113:Amateur photography
6806:Amateur pornography
6754:Musical instruments
6734:Tracker (MOD) music
6233:. 27 November 2002.
6175:We Were Once Rebels
6139:OldSchoolShirts.com
6090:on 22 November 2020
5895:Speedy Wunderground
5789:. 2 September 2014.
5681:. 16 February 2021.
5442:. The Music Network
5306:www.telegraph.co.uk
4798:. 16 November 2020.
4101:"Login • Instagram"
3880:on 28 November 2020
3850:on 19 February 2021
3679:. 20 February 2020.
3291:on 10 December 2020
3007:www.sixtiescity.net
2792:. 22 December 2020.
2746:. 3 September 2018.
2687:Laing, Dave. 1985.
2517:Gillett, Charlies.
2453:on 21 February 2016
2384:Guinness Publishing
2358:The Balance Careers
2338:The Balance Careers
2306:Musicians.about.com
2102:K-tel International
2005:Blue Raincoat Music
1916:Speedy Wunderground
1845:Heavenly Recordings
1600:and distributed by
1583:Major Minor Records
1261:2020s: K-pop, grime
1187:Blue Raincoat Music
1109:underground hip hop
741:Rough Trade Records
722:Rough Trade Records
277:major record labels
8065:SNEP singles chart
7840:Extended play (EP)
7611:Album cover design
6577:Alternative comics
6338:. 30 October 2015.
6213:The New York Times
5971:. 16 January 2020.
5763:on 25 January 2021
5719:playitagainsam.net
5667:. 9 February 2021.
5556:. 27 January 2017.
5409:. 31 January 2012.
5330:. 22 October 2011.
5252:. 9 December 2020.
5219:American Libraries
5075:. 27 February 2019
4916:Digital Music News
4894:. 15 October 2020.
4288:Media Decoder Blog
4237:on 13 October 1999
4197:. 2 November 2003.
4179:. 22 October 2011.
3906:. 23 October 2011.
3735:. 12 January 2000.
3546:on 24 January 2001
3116:. 24 January 2017.
2577:www.thehepstars.se
2506:. 7 November 1996.
2477:members.tripod.com
2031:Virgin EMI Records
1901:Better Noise Music
1887:Memphis Industries
1875:V2 Records Benelux
1771:Warner Music Group
1767:Flying Nun Records
1737:KLF Communications
1640:; from 2001 under
1617:Condition Critical
1465:In Australia, the
1440:. You can help by
1327:The international
1304:Kyunghyang Shinmun
1164:Cherry Red Records
1083:
720:companies such as
603:the Rolling Stones
567:Andrew Loog Oldham
420:Warner Music (WMG)
285:trade associations
8614:
8613:
8557:Parental Advisory
8512:Bootleg recording
8502:A-side and B-side
8359:
8312:
8311:
8228:The Music Factory
8070:Sverigetopplistan
7994:Argentina Hot 100
7960:Music competition
7950:Concert residency
7889:Phonograph record
7859:
7819:
7818:
7646:Music and fashion
7631:Entertainment law
7499:
7498:
7460:Virgin Megastores
7262:and organizations
7219:
7218:
7169:Independent media
7061:
7060:
6980:Software cracking
6942:
6941:
6869:Exploitation film
6775:
6774:
6744:Underground music
6692:Open-source label
6677:Independent music
6582:Alternative manga
6525:978-13-517-598-16
5823:www.v2benelux.com
5466:investors.wmg.com
5172:on 14 August 2019
5141:The Music Network
5105:on 16 August 2019
4315:. 1 November 2012
4263:on 17 August 2014
4105:www.instagram.com
4068:www.musicweek.com
3756:. 11 August 2017.
3717:. 11 August 2007.
3699:. 13 August 2015.
2971:longlivevinyl.net
2824:Punk Girl Diaries
2637:978-13-517-598-16
2608:978-9189-13-688-5
2503:Los Angeles Times
2416:"Vee-Jay Records"
2312:on 23 August 2010
2231:Independent music
2183:Ministry of Sound
2067:London Recordings
2001:Chrysalis Records
1926:COVID-19 pandemic
1797:Play It Again Sam
1642:Sanctuary Records
1458:
1457:
1281:when he released
1183:Chrysalis Records
972:London Recordings
909:Ministry of Sound
864:Hits compilations
697:The Modern Lovers
583:Chrysalis Records
571:Immediate Records
516:recording studios
410:According to the
261:
260:
253:
243:
242:
235:
217:, as appropriate.
180:
179:
172:
154:
77:
18:Independent label
16:(Redirected from
8644:
8603:
8602:
8591:
8590:
8589:
8357:
8178:
8177:
8075:UK singles chart
8007:Canadian Hot 100
7899:Compact cassette
7837:
7784:Session musician
7759:Hip hop producer
7717:
7716:
7651:Music journalism
7583:Rhythm and blues
7301:IFPI (worldwide)
7266:
7265:
7246:
7239:
7232:
7223:
7222:
7201:
7148:
6985:Unofficial patch
6953:
6952:
6902:
6842:Independent film
6786:
6785:
6716:Cassette culture
6670:
6669:
6556:
6549:
6542:
6533:
6532:
6529:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6465:
6456:. Archived from
6446:
6440:
6439:
6436:Resident Advisor
6428:
6422:
6421:
6410:
6404:
6403:
6396:
6390:
6389:
6382:
6376:
6375:
6364:
6358:
6357:
6346:
6340:
6339:
6328:
6322:
6321:
6310:
6304:
6303:
6291:
6285:
6284:
6273:
6267:
6266:
6259:
6253:
6252:
6241:
6235:
6234:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6204:
6198:
6197:
6185:
6179:
6178:
6167:
6161:
6160:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6131:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6106:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6080:
6074:
6067:
6061:
6060:
6049:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6038:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6007:. 7 October 2020
5997:
5991:
5990:
5979:
5973:
5972:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5925:
5919:
5918:
5905:
5899:
5898:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5815:
5809:
5808:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5768:
5759:. Archived from
5750:
5744:
5743:
5736:"[PIAS]"
5732:
5723:
5722:
5711:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5689:
5683:
5682:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5647:
5641:
5640:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5625:. 3 August 2018.
5613:
5607:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5592:
5591:. 3 August 2018.
5585:
5579:
5578:
5567:
5558:
5557:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5494:
5488:
5487:
5480:"Mushroom Group"
5476:
5470:
5469:
5458:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5417:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5397:
5396:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5368:
5367:
5356:
5350:
5349:
5338:
5332:
5331:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5303:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5260:
5254:
5253:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5228:
5222:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5177:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5132:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5101:. Archived from
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5019:. Archived from
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4936:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4907:
4896:
4895:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4863:
4857:
4856:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4788:
4782:
4781:
4775:
4767:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4741:
4735:
4734:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4639:. 14 August 2017
4629:
4623:
4622:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4572:. 10 August 2017
4562:
4556:
4555:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4357:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4233:. Archived from
4223:
4217:
4216:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4116:
4108:
4097:
4091:
4090:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4047:
4039:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4009:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3961:on 23 June 2021.
3957:. Archived from
3947:
3941:
3940:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3876:. Archived from
3866:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3846:. Archived from
3836:
3830:
3829:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3782:
3776:
3775:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3746:
3737:
3736:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3659:. 9 August 2017.
3653:
3647:
3646:
3643:Resident Advisor
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3615:. Archived from
3605:
3599:
3598:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3542:. Archived from
3532:
3526:
3525:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3446:
3437:
3436:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3379:Resident Advisor
3371:
3365:
3364:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3287:. Archived from
3277:
3271:
3270:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3186:
3177:
3176:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3145:
3136:
3135:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3064:. Archived from
3054:
3048:
3047:
3046:. 22 March 2012.
3036:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3011:
3010:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2963:
2957:
2947:Cherry Red Books
2943:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2917:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2895:www.punk77.co.uk
2887:
2881:
2880:
2874:
2866:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2734:
2733:
2722:
2716:
2702:
2696:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2543:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2449:. Archived from
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2412:
2406:
2395:Crépon, Pierre.
2393:
2387:
2377:
2362:
2361:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2308:. Archived from
2298:
2292:
2291:
2273:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:
1907:Red Bull Records
1863:Infectious Music
1777:Creation Records
1758:Dischord Records
1746:Postcard Records
1652:Charisma Records
1573:Arhoolie Records
1491:
1490:A$ 399.4 million
1480:, was the first
1453:
1450:
1432:
1425:
1416:
1363:Independents Day
1353:
1307:, K-pop company
1134:Victoria Beckham
1029:Indolent Records
962:and Universal's
640:). According to
579:Page One Records
500:artistic freedom
256:
249:
238:
231:
227:
224:
218:
190:
189:
182:
175:
168:
164:
161:
155:
153:
112:
88:
80:
69:
47:
46:
39:
21:
8652:
8651:
8647:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8642:
8641:
8617:
8616:
8615:
8610:
8587:
8585:
8576:
8480:
8308:
8247:
8167:
8162:Top of the Pops
8127:Musica e dischi
8079:
7964:
7928:
7848:Cassette single
7826:
7815:
7769:Record producer
7715:
7686:Radio promotion
7656:Music publisher
7641:Music executive
7636:Music education
7603:
7597:
7495:
7464:
7418:
7361:
7325:
7269:Representatives
7261:
7260:Major companies
7255:
7250:
7220:
7215:
7199:
7157:
7146:
7096:
7075:
7057:
6994:
6938:
6919:Low-budget film
6900:
6894:'60s–'70s
6820:
6771:
6762:Circuit bending
6748:
6659:
6645:Self-publishing
6563:
6560:
6526:
6503:Wayback Machine
6490:Wayback Machine
6479:
6477:Further reading
6474:
6473:
6463:
6461:
6450:"Skint Records"
6448:
6447:
6443:
6430:
6429:
6425:
6418:R&S Records
6412:
6411:
6407:
6398:
6397:
6393:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6330:
6329:
6325:
6318:finewoodwork.co
6312:
6311:
6307:
6292:
6288:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6243:
6242:
6238:
6225:
6224:
6220:
6205:
6201:
6186:
6182:
6169:
6168:
6164:
6151:
6150:
6146:
6133:
6132:
6128:
6118:
6116:
6108:
6107:
6103:
6093:
6091:
6082:
6081:
6077:
6068:
6064:
6051:
6050:
6046:
6036:
6034:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6008:
5999:
5998:
5994:
5981:
5980:
5976:
5963:
5962:
5958:
5951:www.gigwise.com
5945:
5944:
5940:
5927:
5926:
5922:
5917:. 12 June 2018.
5907:
5906:
5902:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5835:
5834:
5830:
5817:
5816:
5812:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5766:
5764:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5734:
5733:
5726:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5698:
5696:
5691:
5690:
5686:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5663:
5662:
5658:
5649:
5648:
5644:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5615:
5614:
5610:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5587:
5586:
5582:
5569:
5568:
5561:
5548:
5547:
5543:
5528:
5524:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5495:
5491:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5445:
5443:
5436:
5432:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5405:
5404:
5400:
5384:
5383:
5375:
5371:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5328:The Independent
5322:
5321:
5317:
5298:
5297:
5293:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5262:
5261:
5257:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5230:
5229:
5225:
5216:
5212:
5202:
5200:
5189:
5185:
5175:
5173:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5145:
5143:
5133:
5118:
5108:
5106:
5093:
5092:
5088:
5078:
5076:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5040:
5036:
5026:
5024:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5000:
4998:
4988:
4984:
4974:
4972:
4962:
4958:
4948:
4946:
4938:
4937:
4930:
4920:
4918:
4908:
4899:
4886:
4885:
4878:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4843:
4839:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4814:The Independent
4808:
4807:
4803:
4790:
4789:
4785:
4769:
4768:
4756:
4752:
4743:
4742:
4738:
4729:
4728:
4724:
4711:
4710:
4706:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4642:
4640:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4617:
4616:
4612:
4602:
4600:
4590:
4589:
4585:
4575:
4573:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4521:
4519:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4480:
4478:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4455:
4453:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4429:
4427:
4415:
4411:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4392:. 4 April 2016.
4384:
4383:
4379:
4369:
4367:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4344:
4342:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4318:
4316:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4290:
4280:
4276:
4266:
4264:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4240:
4238:
4231:cherryred.co.uk
4225:
4224:
4220:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4177:The Independent
4171:
4170:
4166:
4153:
4152:
4148:
4133:
4129:
4119:
4110:
4109:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4079:
4075:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4041:
4040:
4028:
4024:
4011:
4010:
4006:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3982:
3980:
3979:. 28 April 2007
3971:
3970:
3966:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3915:
3911:
3904:The Independent
3898:
3897:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3853:
3851:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3748:
3747:
3740:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3294:
3292:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3195:www.c86show.org
3187:
3180:
3173:Echoes And Dust
3167:
3166:
3162:
3147:
3146:
3139:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3096:
3092:
3077:
3073:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3038:
3037:
3028:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2944:
2935:
2919:
2918:
2906:
2902:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2868:
2867:
2855:
2851:
2846:. 6 March 2015.
2836:
2835:
2831:
2816:
2812:
2801:
2797:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2760:. 11 July 2014.
2756:
2755:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2703:
2699:
2686:
2682:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2595:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2554:
2545:
2544:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2515:
2511:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2422:. 17 March 2018
2414:
2413:
2409:
2394:
2390:
2378:
2365:
2349:
2345:
2329:
2325:
2315:
2313:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2171:R&S Records
2167:
2117:Telstar Records
2098:
2053:Illegal Records
1974:A&M Records
1935:
1922:So Fierce Music
1903:in October 2019
1711:Factory Records
1705:Beggars Banquet
1686:A&E Records
1661:
1598:Spencer Proffer
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1489:
1482:market analysis
1463:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1438:needs expansion
1423:
1415:US$ 5.6 billion
1414:
1409:In 2016, WIN's
1407:
1375:
1351:
1325:
1263:
1143:
1130:Telstar Records
1095:Charles Bradley
1087:Daptone Records
1072:
1052:Richard Branson
1003:Epitaph Records
917:
717:
650:
630:Platina Records
563:Triumph Records
520:Vee-Jay Records
508:
488:Jerry Lee Lewis
448:post-war period
440:
374:. According to
360:
257:
246:
245:
244:
239:
228:
222:
219:
204:
191:
187:
176:
165:
159:
156:
113:
111:
101:
89:
48:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8650:
8640:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8612:
8611:
8609:
8608:
8596:
8581:
8578:
8577:
8575:
8574:
8569:
8567:Surprise album
8564:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8488:
8486:
8482:
8481:
8479:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8457:
8456:
8451:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8430:
8429:
8419:
8418:
8417:
8407:
8406:
8405:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8375:
8374:
8373:
8365:
8360:
8355:United Kingdom
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8326:
8320:
8318:
8314:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8306:
8299:
8292:
8285:
8278:
8271:
8264:
8255:
8253:
8249:
8248:
8246:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8184:
8182:
8175:
8169:
8168:
8166:
8165:
8158:
8151:
8144:
8137:
8130:
8123:
8116:
8109:
8102:
8095:
8087:
8085:
8081:
8080:
8078:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
8002:Brasil Hot 100
7996:
7988:
7980:
7974:
7972:
7966:
7965:
7963:
7962:
7957:
7955:Music festival
7952:
7947:
7942:
7936:
7934:
7930:
7929:
7927:
7926:
7921:
7919:Music download
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7875:
7874:
7860:
7831:
7829:
7821:
7820:
7817:
7816:
7814:
7813:
7811:Sound engineer
7808:
7807:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7781:
7776:
7774:Rhythm section
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7745:
7744:
7739:
7729:
7723:
7721:
7714:
7713:
7708:
7706:Talent manager
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7607:
7605:
7599:
7598:
7596:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7525:
7523:Easy listening
7520:
7515:
7509:
7507:
7501:
7500:
7497:
7496:
7494:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7432:
7426:
7424:
7420:
7419:
7417:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7369:
7367:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7333:
7331:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7272:
7270:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7253:Music industry
7249:
7248:
7241:
7234:
7226:
7217:
7216:
7214:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7193:
7186:
7179:Do it yourself
7176:
7171:
7165:
7163:
7159:
7158:
7156:
7155:
7150:
7142:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7104:
7102:
7098:
7097:
7095:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7078:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7070:
7066:
7063:
7062:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7032:
7027:
7022:
7021:
7020:
7015:
7004:
7002:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6956:
6950:
6944:
6943:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6936:
6934:Double feature
6931:
6929:No wave cinema
6926:
6924:No-budget film
6921:
6916:
6914:Midnight movie
6911:
6906:
6905:
6904:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6865:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6839:
6834:
6828:
6826:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6792:
6790:
6783:
6777:
6776:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6764:
6758:
6756:
6750:
6749:
6747:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6718:
6713:
6712:
6711:
6706:
6696:
6695:
6694:
6689:
6679:
6673:
6667:
6661:
6660:
6658:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6618:
6617:
6616:
6606:
6601:
6600:
6599:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6571:
6565:
6564:
6559:
6558:
6551:
6544:
6536:
6524:
6518:. p. 22.
6507:
6506:
6493:
6478:
6475:
6472:
6471:
6460:on 8 July 2010
6441:
6423:
6405:
6391:
6377:
6359:
6341:
6332:"Alison Moyet"
6323:
6305:
6286:
6268:
6254:
6236:
6218:
6199:
6180:
6162:
6144:
6126:
6101:
6075:
6062:
6044:
6018:
5992:
5989:. 18 May 2020.
5974:
5956:
5938:
5920:
5900:
5882:
5864:
5846:
5841:Tiny Mix Tapes
5828:
5810:
5792:
5774:
5745:
5724:
5706:
5684:
5670:
5656:
5642:
5628:
5608:
5605:. August 2019.
5594:
5580:
5559:
5541:
5522:
5504:
5489:
5484:Mushroom Group
5471:
5453:
5430:
5412:
5398:
5369:
5351:
5333:
5315:
5301:"Phil Solomon"
5291:
5273:
5255:
5237:
5223:
5210:
5183:
5153:
5116:
5086:
5060:
5034:
5023:on 8 June 2008
5008:
4982:
4956:
4928:
4897:
4876:
4873:. 26 May 2020.
4858:
4837:
4819:
4816:. 25 May 2020.
4801:
4783:
4750:
4736:
4722:
4704:
4686:
4668:
4650:
4624:
4610:
4583:
4557:
4543:
4529:
4502:
4488:
4463:
4437:
4409:
4395:
4377:
4352:
4326:
4300:
4274:
4248:
4218:
4200:
4182:
4164:
4146:
4127:
4092:
4073:
4055:
4022:
4004:
3990:
3964:
3942:
3924:
3909:
3891:
3861:
3831:
3813:
3795:
3777:
3759:
3738:
3720:
3702:
3682:
3662:
3648:
3630:
3619:on 19 May 2021
3600:
3582:
3568:
3557:
3527:
3522:gb.kompass.com
3509:
3504:labelsbase.net
3491:
3473:
3459:
3438:
3420:
3402:
3384:
3366:
3363:. 7 July 2020.
3352:
3338:
3320:
3302:
3272:
3254:
3236:
3218:
3200:
3178:
3160:
3157:. 20 May 2019.
3137:
3119:
3105:
3090:
3071:
3049:
3026:
3012:
2994:
2976:
2973:. 26 May 2017.
2958:
2933:
2900:
2882:
2849:
2829:
2810:
2795:
2781:
2763:
2749:
2735:
2717:
2697:
2680:
2662:
2643:
2636:
2630:. p. 22.
2614:
2607:
2589:
2564:
2551:Företagskällan
2535:
2523:Britannica.com
2509:
2489:
2464:
2433:
2407:
2388:
2363:
2343:
2323:
2293:
2286:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2147:
2141:
2135:
2130:
2128:Arcade Records
2125:
2120:
2114:
2104:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2074:
2064:
2041:Miles Copeland
2037:I.R.S. Records
2034:
2019:Virgin Records
2016:
2013:The Echo Label
1998:
1971:
1949:
1943:Island Records
1934:
1933:'Major-minors'
1931:
1930:
1929:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1904:
1894:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1826:
1820:
1794:
1780:
1774:
1764:
1762:The Teen Idles
1755:
1749:
1743:
1730:
1724:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1689:
1675:
1665:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1634:Trojan Records
1631:
1591:
1580:
1570:
1559:
1553:
1550:Apollo Records
1547:
1533:
1532:Notable labels
1530:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1516:United Kingdom
1514:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1435:
1433:
1422:
1419:
1406:
1403:
1374:
1373:WIN membership
1371:
1324:
1321:
1262:
1259:
1247:The Groundhogs
1243:The Lemonheads
1193:, Athlete and
1142:
1139:
1071:
1068:
1056:Virgin Records
1009:'s 1994 album
916:
913:
873:Morgan Khan's
809:Blanco y Negro
804:The Chart Show
761:mainstream pop
716:
713:
701:UK Indie Chart
665:do-it-yourself
649:
646:
642:Företagskällan
638:Gazell Records
585:, launched by
543:United Kingdom
512:music business
507:
504:
439:
436:
359:
356:
259:
258:
241:
240:
201:of the subject
199:worldwide view
194:
192:
185:
178:
177:
92:
90:
83:
78:
52:
51:
49:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8649:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8624:
8622:
8607:
8606:
8597:
8595:
8594:
8583:
8582:
8579:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8489:
8487:
8483:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8446:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8428:
8425:
8424:
8423:
8420:
8416:
8413:
8412:
8411:
8408:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8378:
8377:Nationality:
8376:
8372:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8364:
8363:United States
8361:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8332:
8331:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8321:
8319:
8315:
8305:
8304:
8300:
8298:
8297:
8293:
8291:
8290:
8286:
8284:
8283:
8279:
8277:
8276:
8272:
8270:
8269:
8265:
8263:
8261:
8257:
8256:
8254:
8250:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8185:
8183:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8170:
8164:
8163:
8159:
8157:
8156:
8152:
8150:
8149:
8148:Rolling Stone
8145:
8143:
8142:
8138:
8136:
8135:
8131:
8129:
8128:
8124:
8122:
8121:
8117:
8115:
8114:
8110:
8108:
8107:
8103:
8101:
8100:
8096:
8094:
8093:
8089:
8088:
8086:
8082:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8054:
8053:Rolling Stone
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8042:Oricon charts
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8017:G-Music chart
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8001:
7997:
7995:
7993:
7989:
7987:
7985:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7975:
7973:
7971:
7967:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7937:
7935:
7931:
7925:
7922:
7920:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7873:
7869:
7866:
7865:
7864:
7861:
7857:
7853:
7849:
7845:
7841:
7836:
7833:
7832:
7830:
7828:
7822:
7812:
7809:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7789:Backup singer
7787:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7734:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7718:
7712:
7711:Tour promoter
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7608:
7606:
7600:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7514:
7511:
7510:
7508:
7506:
7502:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7467:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7440:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7421:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7401:
7400:
7399:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7378:
7377:
7376:
7371:
7370:
7368:
7366:Record labels
7364:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7328:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7267:
7264:
7258:
7254:
7247:
7242:
7240:
7235:
7233:
7228:
7227:
7224:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7198:
7194:
7192:
7191:
7187:
7184:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7160:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7110:
7109:
7106:
7105:
7103:
7099:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7064:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7009:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6997:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6970:Free software
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6960:Cowboy coding
6958:
6957:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6945:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
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6172:
6171:"Documentary"
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6114:umusicpub.com
6111:
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5987:Yuck Magazine
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5325:
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5308:. June 2011.
5307:
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5142:
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5096:
5095:"WIN Members"
5090:
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4852:Rolling Stone
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4764:Prog Magazine
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4477:
4476:Musicweek.com
4473:
4467:
4452:. 7 July 2016
4451:
4450:Musicweek.com
4447:
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4426:
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4341:. 1 July 2013
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3133:
3129:
3128:"ZOO RECORDS"
3123:
3115:
3109:
3101:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3075:
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2806:
2803:Birch, Will.
2799:
2791:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2759:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2731:
2730:@NOWTVIreland
2727:
2721:
2714:
2711:
2710:. 1976-1984.'
2709:
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2109:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2071:Because Music
2068:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1990:Tijuana Brass
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1927:
1923:
1920:
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1914:
1911:
1908:
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1861:
1858:
1855:
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1846:
1843:
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1837:
1834:
1830:
1829:XL Recordings
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1791:Independiente
1788:
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1768:
1765:
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1753:
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1722:
1721:Daniel Miller
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1692:Stiff Records
1690:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:(now part of
1643:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:Pasha Records
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:(US, 1942– );
1545:
1544:Savoy Records
1542:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1529:
1524:United States
1521:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1495:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1452:
1443:
1439:
1436:This section
1434:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1412:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:Alison Wenham
1332:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1258:
1256:
1255:The Beta Band
1252:
1251:Because Music
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1195:Cockney Rebel
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1104:Back to Black
1100:
1099:Amy Winehouse
1096:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1007:The Offspring
1004:
999:
996:
995:
990:
986:
981:
975:
973:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
935:
930:
926:
922:
921:James Palumbo
912:
910:
906:
901:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:
880:
876:
871:
869:
865:
861:
856:
854:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
805:
799:
797:
793:
792:Pete Waterman
789:
785:
781:
776:
774:
770:
769:Jason Donovan
766:
765:Kylie Minogue
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
733:
731:
727:
723:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
687:
683:
682:Stiff Records
679:
675:
671:
666:
662:
657:
655:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
599:Apple Records
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:Elvis Presley
473:
472:rock 'n' roll
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
452:United States
449:
445:
444:popular music
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
405:vanity labels
401:
399:
395:
390:
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
355:
353:
352:indie hip-hop
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
308:Elvis Presley
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
255:
252:
237:
234:
226:
216:
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208:
202:
200:
193:
184:
183:
174:
171:
163:
152:
149:
145:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121: –
120:
116:
115:Find sources:
109:
105:
99:
98:
93:This article
91:
87:
82:
81:
76:
74:
67:
66:
61:
60:
55:
50:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
8598:
8584:
8562:Record sales
8527:Hidden track
8317:Achievements
8301:
8296:The X Factor
8294:
8287:
8280:
8275:Star Academy
8273:
8266:
8259:
8160:
8153:
8146:
8139:
8132:
8125:
8118:
8111:
8104:
8097:
8090:
8084:Publications
8052:
8012:Circle Chart
7999:
7991:
7983:
7945:Concert tour
7868:Double album
7794:Ghost singer
7779:Orchestrator
7764:Horn section
7691:Record label
7626:Distribution
7533:Experimental
7505:Major genres
7491:Ticketmaster
7439:iTunes Store
7397:
7396:
7395:
7373:
7372:
7291:Music Canada
7196:
7188:
7174:Indie design
7128:Outsider art
7092:Microbrewery
7035:
6825:Professional
6801:Amateur film
6721:
6709:Pirate radio
6682:Record label
6681:
6620:
6511:
6508:
6462:. Retrieved
6458:the original
6453:
6444:
6435:
6426:
6417:
6408:
6394:
6380:
6371:
6362:
6353:
6344:
6335:
6326:
6317:
6308:
6299:
6289:
6280:
6271:
6257:
6248:
6239:
6231:The Guardian
6230:
6221:
6212:
6202:
6194:Culture Trip
6193:
6183:
6174:
6165:
6156:
6147:
6138:
6129:
6117:. Retrieved
6113:
6104:
6092:. Retrieved
6088:the original
6078:
6065:
6056:
6047:
6035:. Retrieved
6031:
6021:
6009:. Retrieved
6004:
5995:
5986:
5977:
5969:Groovy Tunes
5968:
5959:
5950:
5941:
5932:
5923:
5912:
5903:
5894:
5885:
5876:
5867:
5859:ThurstonTalk
5858:
5849:
5840:
5831:
5822:
5813:
5804:
5795:
5786:
5777:
5765:. Retrieved
5761:the original
5757:
5748:
5739:
5718:
5709:
5697:. Retrieved
5687:
5673:
5659:
5645:
5631:
5620:
5611:
5597:
5583:
5574:
5554:The Guardian
5553:
5544:
5536:The Guardian
5535:
5525:
5516:
5507:
5492:
5483:
5474:
5465:
5456:
5446:20 September
5444:. Retrieved
5433:
5424:
5415:
5401:
5372:
5363:
5354:
5345:
5336:
5327:
5318:
5305:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5267:
5258:
5250:The Guardian
5249:
5240:
5226:
5218:
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