29:
314:
383:
358:, "Irish Ispat's tenure at Haulbowline was marked by controversy, with the firm failing to invest" as expected under the negotiated takeover agreement. There were several worker deaths between 1999 and 2001, including that of a lab technician who died in a fire. According to an inquest hearing, the plant's administrative block had no sprinklers, fire escapes or fire alarms, and that the "company's fire engine failed to start because of a flat battery". According to other reports, the plant's safety manager had been refused budget for improved fire-safety training.
295:(by then Minister for Industry and Commerce) described as addressing a "gap which would otherwise exist in industrial capacity". By the late 1960s, Irish Steel was producing approximately one-third of steel used by Irish industry. At its peak, in 1971, the company employed approximately 1,200 people and had increased production to run 24-hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week. The 1981 "Industry (Transfer of Departmental Administration and Ministerial Functions) Order" transferred responsibility for Irish Steel from the Minister for Industry and Commerce to the
374:" by the parent company. One such asset disposal, in the months prior to closure, involved the sale of a 30-acre site (for an undisclosed sum) to build a hazardous waste incinerator to the "fury of local residents". As of 2002, creditors were still owed over €20m, including over €7m due to former-workers for statutory redundancy and other payments.
402:, and the dumped materials reputedly increased Haulbowline island from approximately 60 acres (24 ha) to over 80 acres (32 ha) in size. According to the terms of planning permission, received by Irish Steel in 1981, there were no controls placed on the material that could be dumped or on protections required to prevent
854:
In a tragic air crash at
Heathrow twelve prominent Irishmen in the industrial and commercial life of the country lost their lives. Those involved were Mr. Edward Coleman, General Manager, Irish Steel Holdings The group was on a trip to Brussels for talks in connection with Ireland's entry into the
338:
1, in 1996. Under the terms of the sale agreement, Ispat
International operated the Haulbowline plant under the condition that "£30 million would be invested in the plant and its 330 jobs would be secured" for at least five years. Shortly after this term ended in 2001, Ispat International announced
1016:
Irish Ispat have already been involved in a bitter clash with the
Government over plans to sell-off much of the land formerly controlled by Irish Steel Ispat sold a 30 acre site to the Belgian firm Indaver for their proposed £75 million waste incinerator to the fury of local
923:
In 2001 he pulled out of the former Irish Steel
Haulbowline plant in Cork, which he had bought five years before for £IR1, at a few hours' notice, leaving behind debts of over €57 million and four hundred people jobless the unions criticised Mittal for his instant
394:) used in the steel production process were dumped by Irish Steel on the eastern part of Haulbowline island. This dumping site became known as the "East Tip", and was described in later reports as one of Ireland's "worst polluted former industrial sites".
417:
As of 2011, it was reported that the contamination at the site had cost the state "more than €50 million — mostly in legal costs". As of 2014, €52 million had been spent on clearing the site, with "a further €40 million to make the site safe". While the
437:
The cleanup and redevelopment of the former Irish Steel "East Tip" site took more than a decade to complete, between 2011 (when the work necessary to prepare a waste licence application was discussed) and 2021 (when the site was opened as a park).
1227:
When the dockyard was being built, a further 30 acres of ground was reclaimed, bringing the total area of the island to about 60 acres dumping of process slag from the steel works at
Haulbowline has increased the area of the island to over 80
251:
Dumping of production materials, including toxic waste, resulted in significant contamination of the Irish Steel plant site, and increased the size of
Haulbowline island by 9 hectares (22 acres). Campaigners, including
397:
The "East Tip" expanded over several decades to include 650,000 cubic metres of waste, extending eastwards from
Haulbowline's naval dockyard. The processing waste acted as approximately 22 acres (9 ha) of
296:
329:
A fall in steel prices in Europe during the 1980s led to layoffs at Irish Steel, and the work-force was progressively reduced from 650. The assets of the company were sold to Irish Ispat (a subsidiary of
256:, pushed for action by the state, and €61m was allocated to clean-up the site and to redevelop it as a park. The cleanup and redevelopment project lasted upwards of a decade; from 2011 to 2021.
426:
dismissed a claim by the state to have the company's liquidator cover the cost of making the site environmentally safe. The Irish government was later threatened with legal action by the
1491:
1481:
973:
1206:
East Tip is a bare expanse area of reclaimed land on the east side of
Haulbowline Island in Cork Harbour given as nine hectares formed from waste from the steelworks
542:
1166:
The East Tip is an area of land, approximately 9 hectares in size, reclaimed from the sea by infilling with waste and by-products from the former Ispat steelworks
568:
370:
in 2001. At the time of closure, the company had debts of more than €57m. Reports of land and asset sales, prior to closure, led to some accusations of "
434:. In 2016, it was reported that the remediation works budget, of €61m, would not be sufficient to complete the full cleanup and redevelopment project.
225:
72:
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1258:
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739:"Irish Steel Limited Bill, 1996 [Seanad]: Second Stage. – Dáil Éireann (27th Dáil) – Wednesday, 3 Apr 1996 – Houses of the Oireachtas"
281:
1276:
688:
The Cork
Harbour steel plant got up and running in August 1939 as Irish Steel Ltd. Seven years later, the privately owned firm went into
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About one-third of the steel requirements of the
Republic of Ireland is home-producted Irish Steel Holdings Limited
867:
303:
787:"S.I. No. 288/1981 – Industry (Transfer of Departmental Administration and Ministerial Functions) Order, 1981"
386:
Haulbowline island in 2014, with the Irish Steel "East Tip" site (left) subject to clearance and redevelopment
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838:
1449:
812:
291:
In 1960, the state's involvement was expanded by the "Irish Steel Holdings Limited Bill (1960)", in what
322:
1148:"EastTip Remediation Project, Haulbowline, Co Cork – Volume 2 – Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)"
431:
422:
had attributed €15.9m of the projected site cleanup costs to Irish Ispat (formerly Irish Steel), the
302:
In 1972, Edward A. Coleman (the general manager of Irish Steel and a member of a delegation from the
264:
Irish Steel was originally formed as a privately owned firm in 1939, and commenced operations from a
626:
738:
786:
643:
The Latest News section of this website provides an outline of the various project milestones
181:
1222:
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travelling for discussions with EEC officials in Brussels), was among those killed in the
8:
1450:"Award winning public park opens on former toxic dump – Haulbowline Island, Cork Harbour"
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contamination was found to have remained in the island's soil. Campaigners, including
912:
288:, established a state-financed company to acquire its assets and "secure 240 jobs".
765:
399:
82:
909:
Cold Steel: Lakshmi Mittal and the Multi-Billion-Dollar Battle for a Global Empire
411:
371:
354:
253:
598:"€61m for Haulbowline 'not enough' to convert old steel plant to public amenity"
1307:
campaigner Erin Brokovich was among those who called for the site to be cleaned
213:
34:
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439:
406:
into the harbour. By the time of the plant's closure in 2001, radioactive and
285:
1475:
1291:"Former Cork toxic dump resembling a 'lunar landscape' transformed into park"
974:"Cork incinerator approval is just the latest chapter in a long running saga"
462:
689:
277:
237:
140:
280:. This company went into receivership in the 1940s, and in 1947 the then
269:
233:
229:
157:
136:
390:
From at least the 1960s, waste materials (including toxic chemicals and
407:
292:
265:
44:
543:"Environmental campaigners concerned over Haulbowline Island clean-up"
240:. Originally founded in 1939, the company and its assets were sold to
1241:"State sold Haulbowline steel plant on the basis it was not polluted"
659:"Pictures: A look back at the opening of Irish Steel in Cork Harbour"
463:"An tAcht um Ghabháltais Chruach na hÉireann Teoranta (Leasú), 1979"
403:
162:
692:. In 1947 the government of the day took over the company's assets
569:"€61m clean-up of Haulbowline Island behind target and spending"
1157:. Environmental Protection Agency. October 2013. Archived from
33:
Irish Steel logo, as used in the 1960s and 1970s. The motto is
335:
245:
1353:"Hearing into plans for former steel plant in Cork Harbour"
718:"Plant's 62 years spanned boom and bust as economy evolved"
391:
273:
248:
1) in 1996. The company and its plant closed down in 2001.
1492:
Defunct manufacturing companies of the Republic of Ireland
414:, requested government action on the contamination issue.
1259:"Residents alarmed over toxic dump at former steel mills"
1100:"Haulbowline Island East Tip Remediation Works Completed"
325:) highlighting the company's association with Haulbowline
1482:
Former state-sponsored bodies of the Republic of Ireland
756:
Gillmor, Desmond A. (1969). "The Irish Steel Industry".
1074:"'Premature to open park' on polluted Haulbowline site"
479:
ciallaíonn 'an Chuideachta' Cruach na hÉireann Teoranta
1424:"Haulbowline Island Amenity Park to open this Friday"
1379:"State loses court case over Irish Ispat site costs"
621:
619:
496:"Announcement 'imminent' on use of Irish Steel site"
938:"Liquidator put into Ispat as angry creditors meet"
339:the closure of the plant and the loss of 450 jobs.
514:"Brockovich backs Cork residents over waste fears"
430:, for a failure to meet its obligations under the
1406:"Haulbowline clean-up will not include all dumps"
1320:"Get answers about toxic waste, Brockovich urges"
1180:Inspector's Report – East Tip Remediation Project
1048:"Haulbowline Island East Tip Remediation Project"
956:"Steel plant stripped of assets before closedown"
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
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1473:
890:"Ispat told of risk but ignored fire funds plea"
1123:"East Tip, Haulbowline Island – Factual Report"
883:
881:
1219:"Your Town – Cork Harbour: Haulbowline Island"
962:. Independent News & Media. 31 March 2002.
697:
489:
487:
366:The plant was closed, with limited notice, by
1335:"Ireland faces EU fines over toxic dump site"
1277:"Campaign star Erin falls ill on Irish visit"
1117:
1115:
1113:
1036:. Independent News & Media. 3 March 2002.
1000:"£20m Cork landbank originally bought for £1"
733:
731:
1006:. Independent News & Media. 17 June 2001
906:
878:
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1221:. Passage West Town Council. Archived from
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60:
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846:Newsletter Magazine of Irish Shipping Ltd
745:. Houses of the Oireachtas. 3 April 1996.
653:
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493:
457:
455:
669:
627:"Haulbowline Island Remediation Project"
587:
537:
535:
381:
312:
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442:was officially opened in January 2021.
377:
1474:
1332:
1030:"Irish Ispat 'breached terms of deal'"
887:
793:. electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB)
648:
452:
1177:
935:
868:"New name as Irish Steel sold for £1"
680:"'This has all been a hush hush job'"
532:
317:Irish Steel advert (on the back of a
469:(in Irish). Houses of the Oireachtas
907:Bouquet, Tim; Ousey, Byron (2009).
13:
1297:. Irish Examiner. 14 December 2018
1265:. Irish Independent. 27 June 2008.
724:. The Irish Times. 22 August 2005.
282:Minister for Industry and Commerce
16:Irish steel producer (closed 2001)
14:
1503:
1322:. Irish Independent. 1 July 2008.
1128:. Cork County Council. March 2012
813:"1972 Staines air crash recalled"
37:for " no strength without steel."
1404:O'Brien, Tim (22 October 2012).
686:. Irish Examiner. 26 June 2008.
604:. Irish Examiner. 26 August 2016
494:O’Riordan, Sean (15 June 2011).
27:
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1279:. Herald.ie. 22 September 2008.
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1178:Davis, Philip (18 March 2014).
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874:. The Irish Times. 31 May 1996.
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440:Haulbowline Island Amenity Park
420:Environmental Protection Agency
352:According to a 2005 article in
304:Confederation of Irish Industry
888:Murray, Niall (25 July 2002).
561:
506:
342:
1:
1333:Cahill, Ann (14 April 2011).
1080:. Irish Examiner. 15 May 2019
445:
1247:. Irish Times. 14 July 2008.
936:Hogan, Dick (29 June 2001).
665:. The Echo. 23 January 2021.
7:
1385:. Irish Times. 29 July 2004
1189:. p. 3. Archived from
819:. Irish Times. 18 June 1997
323:1991 Rugby World Cup finals
218:Cruach na hÉireann Teoranta
112:; 23 years ago
94:; 85 years ago
62:Cruach na hÉireann Teoranta
10:
1508:
980:. Irish Times. 31 May 2018
549:. Irish Times. 10 May 2018
520:. Irish Times. 1 July 2008
361:
259:
232:primarily from a plant on
770:10.1080/00750776909555649
575:. Irish Times. 9 May 2018
432:Waste Framework Directive
347:
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226:Irish semi-state company
400:land reclamation infill
178:Private owner (1939–47)
387:
326:
228:which was involved in
217:
61:
1225:on 18 November 2007.
1164:on 17 November 2017.
633:. Cork County Council
385:
316:
1487:Iron and steel mills
1359:. RTÉ. 19 March 2014
378:Environmental impact
308:Staines air disaster
1106:. 14 December 2018.
791:irishstatutebook.ie
428:European Commission
368:Ispat International
332:Ispat International
297:Minister for Energy
242:Ispat International
222:Irish Ispat Limited
210:Irish Steel Limited
199:Number of employees
188:Ispat International
23:
22:Irish Steel Limited
1004:Sunday Independent
388:
327:
319:matchday programme
270:Haulbowline island
234:Haulbowline island
220:), later known as
73:Semi-state company
21:
1456:. 15 January 2021
1430:. 14 January 2021
1295:irishexaminer.com
1078:irishexaminer.com
684:irishexaminer.com
602:irishexaminer.com
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852:(1): 3. 1972.
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343:Controversy
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190:(1996–2001)
158:Sheet steel
137:Haulbowline
128:Irish Ispat
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1476:Categories
1454:thecork.ie
1185:(Report).
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424:High Court
408:Chromium 6
392:steel slag
293:Jack Lynch
45:Trade name
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184:(1947–96)
125:Successor
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163:Tinplate
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362:Closure
334:), for
272:, near
260:History
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