742:
674:
704:
689:
659:
723:
644:
1265:
D'Ambro, Emma L.; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Gaston, Cassandra J.; Lopez-Hilfiker, Felipe D.; Lee, Ben H.; Liu, Jiumeng; Zelenyuk, Alla; Bell, David; Cappa, Christopher D.; Helgestad, Taylor; Li, Ziyue (2019-09-05).
58:, usually containing oxygen. When combined with the hydrocarbon terpenes, terpenoids comprise about 80,000 compounds. They are the largest class of plant secondary metabolites, representing about 60% of known
630:
Terpenoids can also be classified according to the type and number of cyclic structures they contain: linear, acyclic, monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic, pentacyclic, or macrocyclic. The
188:
atoms added. Some authors use the term "terpene" more broadly, to include the terpenoids. Just like terpenes, the terpenoids can be classified according to the number of
841:
in
Australia are noted for having a bluish color when seen from a distance. Trees put the "blue" in Blue Ridge, from their terpeenoids released into the atmosphere.
1441:
271:
1575:
69:
Plant terpenoids are used for their aromatic qualities and play a role in traditional herbal remedies. Terpenoids contribute to the scent of
1268:"Chamber-based insights into the factors controlling epoxydiol (IEPOX) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yield, composition, and volatility"
770:
Terpenoids, at least those containing an alcohol functional group, often arise by hydrolysis of carbocationic intermediates produced from
1388:
1036:
978:
Ashour, Mohamed; Wink, Michael; Gershenzon, Jonathan (2010). "Biochemistry of
Terpenoids: Monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes and Diterpenes".
1150:"Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Some Selected Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Therapy in Southwestern Nigeria"
1191:
Davis, Edward M.; Croteau, Rodney (2000). "Cyclization
Enzymes in the Biosynthesis of Monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, and Diterpenes".
1090:
703:
1342:
1212:
1648:
1434:
1240:
2627:
1012:
1132:
995:
673:
741:
2676:
838:
722:
1427:
855:
1365:
643:
2681:
2104:
1560:
850:
783:
2654:
1626:
1506:
658:
251:
688:
17:
2648:
1613:
255:
1641:
152:
in animals are biologically produced from terpenoid precursors. Sometimes terpenoids are added to
1227:
1334:
1032:"Plant terpenes: defense responses, phylogenetic analysis, regulation and clinical applications"
2059:
775:
1906:
1532:
870:
830:
formation. Secondary organic aerosols formed from this pathway may have atmospheric impacts.
771:
54:, etc. While sometimes used interchangeably with "terpenes", terpenoids contain additional
1932:
1450:
1279:
834:
8:
1634:
1283:
1327:
1124:
1066:
1031:
940:
915:
1338:
1307:
1267:
1208:
1128:
1071:
1053:
991:
945:
2246:
2022:
1962:
1297:
1287:
1200:
1171:
1161:
1120:
1061:
1045:
983:
935:
927:
896:
815:
111:
59:
55:
39:
1252:
2365:
2280:
2238:
1746:
779:
751:
461:
363:
267:
63:
931:
890:
2631:
2585:
2498:
2493:
2483:
2460:
2422:
2412:
1993:
1414:
865:
631:
622:
555:
536:
528:
308:
164:. Terpenoids play a role in plant defense as prophylaxis against pathogens and
161:
1292:
1049:
987:
765:
2670:
2576:
2542:
2537:
2488:
1718:
1311:
1057:
811:
803:
588:
466:
368:
282:
263:
225:
157:
134:
125:
1264:
1204:
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1149:
900:
2590:
2508:
2427:
2417:
2360:
2343:
2328:
2297:
2257:
2227:
2153:
1832:
1812:
1603:
1598:
1491:
1075:
949:
618:
560:
548:
498:
446:
430:
181:
106:
1656:
1115:
Ludwiczuk, A.; Skalicka-WoĆșniak, K.; Georgiev, M.I. (2017). "Terpenoids".
2562:
2552:
2528:
2513:
2355:
2320:
2315:
2204:
2199:
2067:
2031:
2008:
1947:
1896:
1886:
1836:
1756:
1570:
1524:
787:
487:
404:
328:
324:
287:
130:
1419:
1302:
2547:
2465:
2391:
2350:
2338:
2333:
2219:
2209:
2003:
1998:
1951:
1593:
1585:
1565:
1514:
1091:"The Physiology of Cannabis Terpenes and Terpenoids â A Brief Overview"
822:. These new species can dissolve into water droplets and contribute to
709:
649:
581:
503:
438:
434:
340:
336:
165:
138:
120:
116:
70:
1176:
2174:
2036:
1967:
1807:
860:
713:
664:
491:
409:
259:
86:
51:
2518:
2503:
2475:
2404:
2370:
2169:
2041:
1942:
1916:
1901:
1852:
1842:
1802:
1727:
1666:
1537:
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1481:
1468:
1361:
799:
732:
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397:
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348:
332:
230:
208:
189:
74:
43:
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2307:
2128:
2123:
2051:
2046:
1988:
1983:
1937:
1911:
1847:
1786:
1781:
1707:
1698:
1658:
1486:
1476:
1114:
823:
807:
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728:
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454:
442:
393:
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316:
312:
202:
177:
153:
145:
102:
98:
66:
bioactivity and are therefore of interest to medicinal chemists.
47:
2557:
2099:
1957:
1891:
1857:
1828:
1741:
1542:
1190:
798:
In air, terpenoids are converted into various species, such as
540:
524:
356:
320:
275:
185:
149:
94:
90:
82:
78:
819:
1389:"Beating the eucalypt blues â new ways to model air quality"
1228:
Organic Carbon
Compounds Emitted By Trees Affect Air Quality
1233:
827:
916:"Structural and Chemical Biology of Terpenoid Cyclases"
2626:
Terpene synthase enzymes (many), having in common a
1239:
IUPAC Subcommittee on Gas
Kinetic Data Evaluation â
1221:
977:
889:
Chemistry, International Union of Pure and
Applied.
634:
can be used to identify the presence of terpenoids.
27:
Class of aromatic organic chemicals found in plants
1326:
1246:
2668:
1362:"Blue Ridge Parkway, Frequently Asked Questions"
774:. Analogously hydrolysis of intermediates from
171:
1704:Iridoid glycosides (iridoids bound to a sugar)
1642:
1435:
1110:
1108:
1030:Singh, Bharat; Sharma, Ram A. (April 2015).
913:
1154:Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1029:
156:, e.g., to enhance their attachment to the
1649:
1635:
1442:
1428:
980:Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism
1449:
1333:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p.
1301:
1291:
1175:
1165:
1105:
1065:
939:
892:IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology
192:units that comprise the parent terpene:
1324:
1010:
782:, and hydrolysis of intermediates from
14:
2669:
1368:from the original on December 28, 2007
1630:
1423:
971:
888:
793:
38:, are a class of naturally occurring
1184:
1088:
962:
62:. Many terpenoids have substantial
682:are classified as sesquiterpenoids.
42:derived from the 5-carbon compound
24:
2628:terpene synthase N terminal domain
1125:10.1016/B978-0-12-802104-0.00011-1
133:found in cannabis. The provitamin
25:
2693:
1408:
1386:
1272:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
839:Blue Mountains of New South Wales
652:is a diterpenoid anticancer drug.
168:for the predators of herbivores.
137:is a terpene derivative called a
1349:blue mountains chemical terpene.
1011:Specter M (September 28, 2009).
740:
721:
702:
687:
672:
657:
642:
93:. Well-known terpenoids include
1380:
1364:. National Park Service. 2007.
1354:
1329:Invitation To Organic Chemistry
1318:
1258:
914:Christianson, David W. (2017).
759:
184:have been moved or removed, or
1415:IUPAC definition of terpenoids
1141:
1082:
1023:
1004:
956:
907:
882:
856:List of phytochemicals in food
13:
1:
1255:, ScienceNews, August 6, 2009
876:
2105:Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
1230:, ScienceDaily, Aug. 7, 2009
851:List of antioxidants in food
818:) and to a lesser extent by
784:geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
172:Structure and classification
7:
2655:Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
1193:Topics in Current Chemistry
932:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00287
844:
766:Terpene § Biosynthesis
46:and its derivatives called
10:
2698:
1561:Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
763:
2649:Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
2641:
2619:
2603:Norisoprenoids (modified)
2602:
2575:
2527:
2474:
2459:
2442:
2379:
2306:
2296:
2279:
2218:
2192:
2162:
2137:
2116:
2092:
2082:
2021:
1976:
1925:
1879:
1870:
1821:
1795:
1774:
1755:
1717:
1674:
1612:
1584:
1551:
1523:
1505:
1467:
1457:
1293:10.5194/acp-19-11253-2019
1050:10.1007/s13205-014-0220-2
988:10.1002/9781444320503.ch5
256:isopentenyl pyrophosphate
2642:Activated isoprene forms
2443:Sesquarterpenes/oids (7)
1692:Monocyclic (single ring)
806:, organic nitrates, and
176:Terpenoids are modified
2677:Terpenes and terpenoids
2265:Secodehydroabietic acid
1205:10.1007/3-540-48146-X_2
1167:10.4314/tjpr.v7i3.14686
901:10.1351/goldbook.T06279
214:Number of carbon atoms
89:, and the red color in
2060:Farnesyl pyrophosphate
1147:
776:farnesyl pyrophosphate
712:is a monoterpenoid, a
85:, the yellow color in
2262:Sandaracopimaric acid
1907:Geranyl pyrophosphate
1451:Secondary metabolites
871:Secondary metabolites
772:geranyl pyrophosphate
764:Further information:
2452:Tetraprenylcurcumene
1933:Grapefruit mercaptan
982:. pp. 258â303.
835:Blue Ridge Mountains
735:, is a triterpenoid.
2682:Plant communication
2235:Dehydroabietic acid
1701:(cyclopentane ring)
1533:Geranyl diphosphate
1325:Johnson AW (1998).
1284:2019ACP....1911253D
1278:(17): 11253â11265.
1013:"A Life of Its Own"
926:(17): 11570â11648.
667:are monoterpenoids.
638:Selected terpenoids
160:; this is known as
1695:Bicyclic (2 rings)
1241:Data Sheet Ox_VOC7
1148:Ayoola GA (2008).
967:. Oxford: Biology.
965:Nature's Chemicals
833:As an example the
794:Impact on aerosols
2664:
2663:
2612:7,8-dihydroionone
2571:
2570:
2438:
2437:
2275:
2274:
2243:Lambertianic acid
2017:
2016:
1866:
1865:
1681:Acyclic (linear,
1624:
1623:
1614:âEnzyme cofactors
1344:978-0-7637-0432-2
1214:978-3-540-66573-1
1089:Houghton, Isaac.
697:is a diterpenoid.
628:
627:
73:, the flavors of
56:functional groups
40:organic chemicals
16:(Redirected from
2689:
2472:
2471:
2304:
2303:
2281:Sesterterpenoids
2247:Levopimaric acid
2109:Geranyl-linalool
2090:
2089:
2023:Sesquiterpenoids
1963:Perillyl alcohol
1877:
1876:
1772:
1771:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1332:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1305:
1295:
1262:
1256:
1253:A source of haze
1250:
1244:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1169:
1160:(3): 1019â1024.
1145:
1139:
1138:
1112:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1069:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1008:
1002:
1001:
975:
969:
968:
960:
954:
953:
943:
920:Chemical Reviews
911:
905:
904:
886:
837:in the U.S. and
816:hydroxyl radical
780:sesquiterpenoids
744:
725:
706:
691:
676:
661:
646:
462:Sesterterpenoids
364:Sesquiterpenoids
217:General formula
195:
194:
112:Salvia divinorum
60:natural products
34:, also known as
21:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2637:
2615:
2598:
2567:
2523:
2463:
2461:Tetraterpenoids
2455:
2434:
2375:
2366:Cholecalciferol
2292:
2289:Geranylfarnesol
2271:
2254:Neoabietic acid
2239:Isopimaric acid
2214:
2188:
2158:
2133:
2112:
2078:
2013:
1972:
1921:
1872:
1871:Monoterpenoids
1862:
1817:
1791:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1747:Isovaleric acid
1737:
1733:
1713:
1670:
1655:
1625:
1620:
1608:
1580:
1547:
1519:
1507:Natural phenols
1501:
1463:
1453:
1448:
1411:
1406:
1397:
1395:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1323:
1319:
1263:
1259:
1251:
1247:
1238:
1234:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1189:
1185:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1113:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1093:. Elliot Barker
1087:
1083:
1028:
1024:
1009:
1005:
998:
976:
972:
963:Firn R (2010).
961:
957:
912:
908:
887:
883:
879:
847:
810:by short-lived
796:
768:
762:
755:
752:sesquiterpenoid
745:
736:
726:
717:
707:
698:
692:
683:
677:
668:
662:
653:
647:
615:
611:
607:
578:
574:
556:Tetraterpenoids
521:
517:
484:
480:
427:
423:
386:
382:
305:
301:
268:isovaleric acid
248:
244:
174:
64:pharmacological
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2695:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2632:protein domain
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2586:Natural rubber
2582:
2580:
2577:Polyterpenoids
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2499:Delta-Carotene
2496:
2494:Gamma-Carotene
2491:
2486:
2484:Alpha-Carotene
2480:
2478:
2469:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2423:Betulinic acid
2420:
2415:
2413:Oleanolic acid
2407:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2325:Citrostadienol
2323:
2312:
2310:
2301:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2268:Palustric acid
2266:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2194:
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2172:
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2141:
2139:
2135:
2134:
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2131:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Bornyl acetate
1991:
1986:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1722:
1719:Hemiterpenoids
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1631:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1525:Monoterpenoids
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1471:
1465:
1464:
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1459:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1446:
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1424:
1418:
1417:
1410:
1409:External links
1407:
1405:
1404:
1379:
1353:
1343:
1317:
1257:
1245:
1232:
1220:
1213:
1183:
1140:
1133:
1104:
1081:
1044:(2): 129â151.
1022:
1017:The New Yorker
1003:
996:
970:
955:
906:
880:
878:
875:
874:
873:
868:
866:Phytochemistry
863:
858:
853:
846:
843:
804:hydroperoxides
795:
792:
761:
758:
757:
756:
746:
739:
737:
727:
720:
718:
708:
701:
699:
693:
686:
684:
678:
671:
669:
663:
656:
654:
648:
641:
639:
632:Salkowski test
626:
625:
623:natural rubber
616:
613:
609:
605:
602:
599:
596:
591:
585:
584:
579:
576:
572:
569:
566:
563:
558:
552:
551:
537:oleanolic acid
529:betulinic acid
522:
519:
515:
512:
509:
506:
501:
495:
494:
485:
482:
478:
475:
472:
469:
467:Sesterterpenes
464:
458:
457:
428:
425:
421:
418:
415:
412:
407:
401:
400:
387:
384:
380:
377:
374:
371:
369:Sesquiterpenes
366:
360:
359:
309:Bornyl acetate
306:
303:
299:
296:
293:
290:
285:
283:Monoterpenoids
279:
278:
249:
246:
242:
239:
236:
233:
228:
226:Hemiterpenoids
222:
221:
218:
215:
212:
205:
199:
173:
170:
162:isoprenylation
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2694:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2609:3-oxo-α-ionol
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Cryptoxanthin
2541:
2539:
2538:Canthaxanthin
2536:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2489:Beta-Carotene
2487:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2449:Ferrugicadiol
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:Serratenediol
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2367:
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2337:
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2332:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2298:Triterpenoids
2295:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2251:Mercusic acid
2250:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2232:Communic acid
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
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2088:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2061:
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2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
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1903:
1900:
1898:
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1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1743:
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1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
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1691:
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1597:
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1504:
1498:
1495:
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1490:
1488:
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1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1433:
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1426:
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1416:
1413:
1412:
1394:
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1367:
1363:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1299:
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1277:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1254:
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1229:
1224:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1134:9780128021040
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:Pharmacognosy
1111:
1109:
1092:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1007:
999:
997:9781444320503
993:
989:
985:
981:
974:
966:
959:
951:
947:
942:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
910:
902:
898:
894:
893:
885:
881:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
842:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
812:free radicals
809:
805:
801:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
767:
753:
749:
743:
738:
734:
730:
724:
719:
715:
711:
705:
700:
696:
690:
685:
681:
675:
670:
666:
660:
655:
651:
645:
640:
637:
636:
635:
633:
624:
620:
617:
603:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
589:Polyterpenoid
587:
586:
583:
580:
570:
567:
564:
562:
561:Tetraterpenes
559:
557:
554:
553:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
523:
513:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
499:Triterpenoids
497:
496:
493:
489:
486:
476:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
429:
419:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
399:
395:
391:
388:
378:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
307:
297:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
277:
273:
269:
265:
264:isovaleramide
261:
257:
253:
250:
240:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
223:
219:
216:
213:
210:
206:
204:
200:
197:
196:
193:
191:
187:
183:
182:methyl groups
179:
169:
167:
163:
159:
158:cell membrane
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
135:beta carotene
132:
128:
127:
126:Ginkgo biloba
122:
118:
114:
113:
109:in the plant
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2595:Gutta-balatĂĄ
2591:Gutta percha
2529:Xanthophylls
2509:Neurosporene
2428:Moronic acid
2418:Ursolic acid
2361:Testosterone
2344:Stigmasterol
2329:Cycloartenol
2316:Phytosterols
2258:Pimaric acid
2228:Abietic acid
2179:Manoyl oxide
2154:Salvinorin A
2144:
2084:Diterpenoids
2083:
1948:Thujaplicins
1873:(2,modified)
1813:Phellandrene
1757:Monoterpenes
1686:
1682:
1675:Basic forms:
1662:
1604:Tetracycline
1599:Streptomycin
1553:Diterpenoids
1552:
1492:Tetrodotoxin
1396:. Retrieved
1393:www.csiro.au
1392:
1382:
1372:December 29,
1370:. Retrieved
1356:
1348:
1328:
1320:
1303:10138/305801
1275:
1271:
1260:
1248:
1235:
1223:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1116:
1095:. Retrieved
1084:
1041:
1035:
1025:
1016:
1006:
979:
973:
964:
958:
923:
919:
909:
891:
884:
832:
797:
788:diterpenoids
769:
760:Biosynthesis
629:
619:Gutta-percha
594:Polyterpenes
549:ursolic acid
447:salvinorin A
431:Abietic acid
405:Diterpenoids
288:Monoterpenes
175:
143:
131:cannabinoids
124:
110:
107:salvinorin A
68:
35:
31:
29:
2563:Rubixanthin
2553:Astaxanthin
2514:Phytofluene
2466:Carotenoids
2356:Cholesterol
2351:Tocopherols
2321:Campesterol
2220:Resin acids
2205:Gibberellin
2200:Aphidicolin
2193:Tetracyclic
2068:Longifolene
2032:Artemisinin
2009:Umbellulone
1897:Citronellol
1887:Citronellal
1586:Antibiotics
1576:Pimaradiene
1571:Aphidicolin
1515:Polyphenols
1119:: 233â266.
731:, a common
716:derivative.
582:Carotenoids
504:Triterpenes
488:Andrastin A
435:ginkgolides
329:citronellol
325:citronellal
198:Terpenoids
166:attractants
36:isoprenoids
2671:Categories
2548:Zeaxanthin
2392:Lanosterol
2339:Sitosterol
2334:Sitostanol
2210:Paclitaxel
2117:Monocyclic
2004:Ascaridole
1999:Eucalyptol
1952:Hinokitiol
1926:Monocyclic
1796:Monocyclic
1663:terpenoids
1594:Penicillin
1398:2023-12-10
1177:1807/60332
877:References
814:(like the
710:Hinokitiol
665:Terpineols
650:Paclitaxel
439:paclitaxel
410:Diterpenes
341:hinokitiol
337:eucalyptol
207:Number of
180:, wherein
139:carotenoid
121:bilobalide
117:ginkgolide
87:sunflowers
71:eucalyptus
52:diterpenes
32:terpenoids
18:Isoprenoid
2620:Synthesis
2476:Carotenes
2371:Ecdysones
2175:Forskolin
2163:Tricyclic
2150:Epimanool
2075:Nootkatin
2072:Muurolene
2064:Juniperol
2056:Chanootin
2037:Bisabolol
1968:Carvacrol
1808:Terpinene
1710:(4 rings)
1657:Types of
1469:Alkaloids
1312:1680-7316
1199:: 53â95.
1058:2190-572X
1037:3 Biotech
895:. IUPAC.
861:Nutrition
800:aldehydes
714:tropolone
680:Humulones
533:limonoids
492:manoalide
260:isoprenol
220:Examples
201:Analogue
123:found in
2519:Phytoene
2504:Lycopene
2405:Squalane
2397:Saponins
2308:Steroids
2170:Cembrene
2147:-Abienol
2138:Bicyclic
2042:Cadinene
1977:Bicyclic
1943:p-Cymene
1917:Linalool
1902:Geraniol
1853:Sabinene
1843:Camphene
1822:Bicyclic
1803:Limonene
1787:Myrcenes
1728:Isoprene
1708:Steroids
1699:Iridoids
1667:isoprene
1659:terpenes
1538:Limonene
1497:Atropine
1482:Morphine
1366:Archived
1076:28324581
950:28841019
845:See also
808:epoxides
733:limonoid
545:squalene
451:sclareol
398:humulone
390:Farnesol
349:linalool
345:iridoids
333:geraniol
231:Isoprene
209:isoprene
203:terpenes
190:isoprene
178:terpenes
154:proteins
146:steroids
129:and the
91:tomatoes
75:cinnamon
48:terpenes
44:isoprene
2657:(DMAPP)
2387:Betulin
2185:Pimarol
2182:Pimaral
2129:Retinal
2124:Retinol
2093:Acyclic
2052:Cedrene
2047:Cadinol
1989:Borneol
1984:Camphor
1938:Menthol
1912:Halomon
1880:Acyclic
1848:Thujene
1782:Ocimene
1775:Acyclic
1487:Cocaine
1477:Codeine
1458:General
1387:CSIRO.
1280:Bibcode
1067:4362742
941:5599884
824:aerosol
790:, etc.
748:Geosmin
729:Limonin
695:Retinol
601:>40
541:sterols
455:steviol
443:retinol
394:geosmin
353:menthol
317:carvone
313:camphor
150:sterols
103:camphor
99:menthol
2579:(many)
2558:Lutein
2409:Acids
2100:Phytol
1958:Thymol
1892:Citral
1858:Carene
1829:Pinene
1742:Prenol
1689:forms)
1669:units)
1665:(# of
1619:
1543:Pinene
1462:
1341:
1310:
1243:, 2007
1211:
1131:
1074:
1064:
1056:
994:
948:
938:
786:gives
778:gives
598:>8
525:Amyrin
357:thymol
321:citral
276:prenol
211:units
186:oxygen
95:citral
83:ginger
81:, and
79:cloves
2651:(IPP)
2468:) (8)
2380:Other
1687:trans
1566:Taxol
1097:3 May
820:ozone
750:is a
272:HMBPP
252:DMAPP
1835:and
1768:)(2)
1685:and
1661:and
1374:2007
1339:ISBN
1308:ISSN
1209:ISBN
1129:ISBN
1099:2016
1072:PMID
1054:ISSN
992:ISBN
946:PMID
828:haze
826:and
148:and
144:The
119:and
30:The
2300:(6)
2283:(5)
2145:cis
2086:(4)
2025:(3)
1721:(1)
1683:cis
1335:261
1298:hdl
1288:doi
1201:doi
1197:209
1172:hdl
1162:doi
1121:doi
1062:PMC
1046:doi
984:doi
936:PMC
928:doi
924:117
897:doi
568:40
511:30
474:25
417:20
376:15
295:10
2673::
1766:16
1762:10
1760:(C
1730:(C
1391:.
1347:.
1337:.
1306:.
1296:.
1286:.
1276:19
1274:.
1270:.
1207:.
1195:.
1170:.
1156:.
1152:.
1127:.
1107:^
1070:.
1060:.
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1034:.
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944:.
934:.
922:.
918:.
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621:,
604:(C
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543:,
539:,
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479:25
471:5
453:,
449:,
445:,
441:,
437:,
433:,
426:32
422:20
414:4
396:,
392:,
385:24
381:15
373:3
355:,
351:,
347:,
343:,
339:,
335:,
331:,
327:,
323:,
319:,
315:,
311:,
304:16
300:10
292:2
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270:,
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262:,
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1290::
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1048::
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1000:.
986::
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899::
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571:C
518:H
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424:H
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383:H
379:C
302:H
298:C
247:8
245:H
243:5
241:C
20:)
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