772:, pp. 3–4: "If this book were to be translated to Arabic or Hebrew, it would probably have the simple title, "A History of the IDs", because of the weight of local meaning carried by the word "ID" (hawiyya in Arabic, or teudat in Hebrew)… For Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and before them, for Palestinians displaced within the 1949 Armistice lines, the ID was an instrument of suppression, repression, and humiliation. It was a denial of rights and the condition on which these rights were temporarily restored at the whim of Israeli authorities. The power of Darwish's poem is in the vivid explanation of all that the ID represents: population registration, denationalisation, and the stripping of all rights from the citizens of Palestine; a permit regime that makes all such rights subservient to Israeli state permission; the indignity of repeated ID checks in one's home, land, and movements from place to place; and the patient, split attitude toward the ID - acceptance of reliance on it, but rejection of its authority - until an opportunity arises to restore one's full rights. Remarkably, although the separated pieces of the puzzle have all been painstakingly chronicled, and while this multifaceted history of movement restriction, identity documentation, and population registration and denationalisation is recognised as being the crux of the Palestinian problem, no single book-length document seems to draw the line from one phenomenon to the other in a continuous sweep."
350:
52:
40:
358:
457:
78:
1479:
597:, the PNA issues its residents with Palestinian ID cards based on Israeli approval. They are identical to the Israeli Civil Administration cards except for the order of languages being switched, Arabic coming before Hebrew, and the plastic casing being dark green with the PNA insignia embossed on the outer cover. Israel controls the Palestinian population registry per the
427:
party, decided he would drop the ethnicity category altogether, rather than list as Jews people whom he considered non-Jews. In 2004, the
Supreme Court denied a citizen's petition to reinstate this indicator, stating that the field in the document was meant for statistical collection only, not as a
442:
in 2007 determines that a Jew may ask to remove the Hebrew date from his entry and consequently from his
Identity Card. That is due to errors that often occur in the registration of the Hebrew date because the Hebrew calendar day starts at sunset, not at midnight. The amendment also introduces an
276:
status, including non-citizens. Up until July 2012, the document had no expiry date, and it could be used as long as it was intact. All non-biometric identity cards will expire after 10 years or in July 2022, whichever date is earlier. Identity cards issued to temporary residents have the same
193:: "Any resident sixteen years of age or older must at all times carry an Identity card, and present it upon demand to a senior police officer, head of Municipal or Regional Authority, or a policeman or member of the Armed forces on duty." According to a
578:, which had an almost identical layout as the Israeli card (the differences being that the surname came after the given name, and legal ascendant(s) name(s) instead of at the top, and the "ethnicity" category was replaced with a "religion" category).
731:
125:
10 years after acquisition. Or, in the case of non-biometric identity cards, the expiration date is no later than August 2024. The expiration dates of identity cards issued to foreign nationals is linked to the validity of their
784:, pp. 33–40: "The permit regime functioned simultaneously as the scaffolding for many other forms of control and thus as part of the infrastructure of control, as well as a controlling apparatus in its own right."
565:
embossed on the outer cover. The casing of cards belonging to temporary residents is the same as the one of citizens and permanent residents, while the card itself has a pink hue. Non-Israeli residents of the
428:
declarative statement of
Judaism. As of 2005, the ethnicity has not been printed; a line of eight asterisks appears instead. The bearer's ethnic identity can nevertheless be inferred by other data: the
593:
insignia embossed on the outer cover. Palestinians barred from entering Israel were issued ID cards with green casings instead of orange to identify them as such. Since the establishment of the
404:
There were fierce legal battles about identifying the ethnicity of the bearer in the
Israeli Identity card. In the 2000s, the ethnicity indicator began to be officially phased out. In 2002, the
435:
As of 2015, the ethnicity has been completely removed (including the asterisks), and replaced by status - which defines whether a person is a citizen, permanent or temporary resident.
224:
1,400 as of 2016. However, the law explicitly forbids pressing charges if the offender contacts the relevant authorities within five days and identifies him or herself properly.
247:(enacted in 1992); such a refusal should be deemed legitimate unless the state-official has a reason to suspect that the person before them has committed an offence.
575:
1130:
910:
265:
When not specifically required by law, other identification may be used. In Israel, access to many office buildings or guarded areas requires showing ID.
243:
who refused to present his identity card to a policeman upon request. The judge ruled that the current interpretation of law must be in the spirit of the
197:
from 2011, residents are entitled to refuse presenting the card, unless the state-official has a reason to suspect that they have committed an offence.
896:
65:
377:
attribution was assigned by the
Ministry of Interior regardless of the card bearer's preference. There were several attributions, the main ones being
1107:
1090:
643:
930:
393:. Identity Cards issued before 2005 included a disclaimer written in small print in Hebrew and Arabic indicating that the card may serve as a
212:, although these differ from those issued to Israeli citizens. Such documents are used to monitor and control the Palestinian population.
1508:
1450:
561:
The colour of the plastic casing for the non-biometric identity cards of
Israeli citizens and permanent residents was blue, with the
604:
Israel began issuing ID cards to
Palestinian residents of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip following their capture in the 1967 war.
529:
887:
365:
Prior to 2005, Identity Cards included a reference to the bearer's ethnic group. The official term for this category in Hebrew was
501:
1318:
1280:
851:
1460:
633:
478:
843:
695:
672:
508:
244:
1073:
1050:
970:
935:
1407:
802:
For example, the Al-Aqsa mosque area in
Jerusalem, Azrieli Towers in Tel Aviv, Aviv Towers in Ramat Gan and many others.
1503:
1084:
925:
515:
1414:
291:
1055:
548:
486:
1465:
1356:
1215:
1101:
1045:
920:
497:
1285:
1185:
220:
It is a criminal offence to not carry an identity card or to misuse the document and a person can be fined about
1350:
1067:
1000:
594:
482:
373:(قومية). These terms could be translated into English as "nation" but in the sense of ethnic affiliation. The
1513:
272:
through offices across the country. The document is issued to all residents over 16 years old who have legal
269:
186:
357:
349:
1432:
1170:
1035:
880:
228:
1428:
1363:
1225:
1061:
941:
51:
1340:
1079:
39:
432:'s date of birth is often used for Jews, and each community has its own typical first and last names.
1345:
793:
Amendment no. 54 to article no. 74 of the
Election Law, approved by the Knesset on December 5, 2005.
1313:
1235:
1230:
995:
965:
522:
467:
277:
duration as the visa that grants temporary residence to the person in question, usually one year.
1455:
1379:
1324:
1275:
1260:
1250:
1205:
1200:
1155:
1040:
985:
873:
638:
471:
405:
114:
1335:
1308:
1265:
1175:
1160:
1145:
1030:
975:
1374:
1369:
1240:
1220:
1210:
1180:
1165:
1150:
1096:
1025:
980:
683:
628:
590:
127:
1330:
1270:
1255:
1190:
1113:
1020:
959:
718:
258:. However, since 2005, the law also permits the use of a valid driver's license or a valid
8:
1291:
1245:
1195:
848:
273:
250:
In addition to the above law, the identity card is required in order to exercise certain
408:
instructed the
Ministry of Interior to indicate the ethnicity of people who underwent a
1005:
312:
221:
139:
1421:
1400:
838:
691:
668:
618:
182:
812:
754:
Court: There is no Obligation to Present an Identity Card upon a Policeman's Request
623:
562:
259:
255:
855:
735:
662:
429:
316:
236:
167:
152:
1015:
613:
424:
409:
300:
232:
201:
753:
340:
Name, birth date and identity number of spouse and children(s) (if applicable)
1497:
1137:
648:
598:
443:
explicit definition for the term "a day according to the Hebrew calendar".
285:
The card is credit card sized and includes the following personal details:
251:
200:
Identity documents are issued by the Israeli government to Palestinians in
865:
664:
Unfree in Palestine: Registration, Documentation and Movement Restriction
394:
390:
296:
117:, legal permanent or temporary residence status (including non-citizens)
915:
738:
586:
571:
416:
412:
209:
861:
State of Israel : First Identity Card (1949) Photos of all pages
582:
567:
254:. Until recently, it was the only valid identification for voting in
205:
194:
456:
240:
860:
56:
The reverse side of a contemporary biometric Israeli identity card
1478:
990:
757:
439:
44:
The front side of a contemporary biometric Israeli identity card
378:
178:
83:
438:
An amendment to the Israeli registration law approved by the
386:
734:(Identity Card Carrying and Displaying Law of 1982) on the
420:
382:
763:
328:
Place and date of issue (both Gregorian and Hebrew dates)
369:(לאום), and it was officially translated into Arabic as
601:, and assigns the ID numbers for Palestinian ID cards.
576:
Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories
353:
A non-biometric Israeli identity card issued until 2017
775:
361:
Booklet cover of a non-biometric Israeli identity card
690:. University of California Press. pp. 33–40.
295:) comprising nine digits, the last of which is a
191:Identity Card Carrying and Displaying Act of 1982
1495:
644:Relationships between Jewish religious movements
446:
337:Status (citizen, permanent residency, temporary)
227:Furthermore, in December 2011, a Peace Court (
881:
749:
747:
769:
660:
29:
895:
485:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
397:proof for the data that it includes except
888:
874:
744:
215:
581:The casings for those cards were orange (
549:Learn how and when to remove this message
268:Identity cards are issued by the Israeli
844:Perseverance, East Jerusalem, c/o Israel
401:, marital status and the spouse's name.
356:
348:
344:
1496:
781:
681:
634:Visa requirements for Israeli citizens
869:
305:Full name (surname(s), given name(s))
483:adding citations to reliable sources
450:
280:
245:Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty
142:130 to replace a lost identity card.
415:as Jews. The minister at the time,
171:
156:
30:
13:
1509:National identity cards by country
308:Filiation (the legal ascendant(s))
14:
1525:
839:Full text of Supreme Court ruling
832:
315:and, unless otherwise requested,
1477:
455:
334:Previous name(s) (if applicable)
76:
50:
38:
16:National identity card of Israel
661:Abu-Zahra, N.; Kay, A. (2012).
654:
1476:Non-biometric identity cards (
805:
796:
787:
725:
711:
595:Palestinian National Authority
1:
705:
447:ID card casing and variations
574:were issued ID cards by the
7:
732:חוק החזקת תעודת זהות והצגתה
607:
10:
1530:
1504:Law enforcement in Israel
1474:
1443:
1392:
1301:
1129:
1122:
951:
903:
760:, 5 Dec 2011 (in Hebrew).
331:Portrait photo (in color)
134:
121:
107:
99:
89:
71:
61:
49:
37:
24:
21:
770:Abu-Zahra & Kay 2012
897:National identity cards
849:Israeli id number check
639:Israeli nationality law
498:"Israeli identity card"
406:Supreme Court of Israel
216:Law and common practice
189:, as prescribed in the
1319:Bosnia and Herzegovina
362:
354:
66:National identity card
1401:Caribbean Netherlands
682:Gordon, Neve (2008).
629:Visa policy of Israel
591:Israel Defense Forces
360:
352:
345:Question of ethnicity
299:calculated using the
1514:Government of Israel
756:, by Revital Hovel,
721:. 22 September 2023.
563:Israeli Coat of Arms
479:improve this section
311:Date of birth (both
270:Ministry of Interior
235:region acquitted an
187:Ministry of Interior
1482:) are indicated in
688:Israel's Occupation
684:"The Permit Regime"
274:permanent residence
1415:Dominican Republic
854:2020-10-25 at the
719:"Issue of ID card"
599:Interim Agreements
363:
355:
1491:
1490:
1388:
1387:
697:978-0-520-94236-3
674:978-0-7453-2527-9
619:Identity document
559:
558:
551:
533:
289:Identity number (
281:Document contents
256:general elections
183:identity document
146:
145:
90:First issued
1521:
1481:
1127:
1126:
890:
883:
876:
867:
866:
827:
826:
824:
823:
809:
803:
800:
794:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
761:
751:
742:
729:
723:
722:
715:
701:
678:
624:Israeli passport
554:
547:
543:
540:
534:
532:
491:
459:
451:
260:Israeli passport
229:Magistrate Court
175:biṭāqat huwiyyah
173:
158:
115:Israeli citizens
95:2013 (Biometric)
82:
80:
79:
54:
42:
33:
32:
26:
19:
18:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1470:
1439:
1384:
1357:North Macedonia
1351:Northern Cyprus
1297:
1135:
1132:
1118:
947:
899:
894:
856:Wayback Machine
835:
830:
821:
819:
811:
810:
806:
801:
797:
792:
788:
780:
776:
768:
764:
752:
745:
730:
726:
717:
716:
712:
708:
698:
675:
667:. Pluto Press.
657:
610:
555:
544:
538:
535:
492:
490:
476:
460:
449:
430:Hebrew calendar
347:
283:
237:Israeli citizen
218:
112:
111:16 years of age
94:
77:
75:
57:
45:
28:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1527:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1489:
1488:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1425:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1171:Czech Republic
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1140:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
955:
953:
949:
948:
946:
945:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
907:
905:
901:
900:
893:
892:
885:
878:
870:
864:
863:
858:
846:
841:
834:
833:External links
831:
829:
828:
817:www.nevo.co.il
804:
795:
786:
774:
762:
743:
724:
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
696:
679:
673:
656:
653:
652:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
609:
606:
557:
556:
463:
461:
454:
448:
445:
419:, a member of
346:
343:
342:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
309:
306:
303:
301:Luhn algorithm
282:
279:
217:
214:
202:East Jerusalem
185:issued by the
144:
143:
136:
132:
131:
123:
119:
118:
109:
105:
104:
103:Identification
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1526:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:South America
1442:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1429:United States
1426:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:North America
1391:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Liechtenstein
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1138:Schengen Area
1134:
1133:Economic Area
1128:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
961:
957:
956:
954:
950:
944:
943:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
908:
906:
902:
898:
891:
886:
884:
879:
877:
872:
871:
868:
862:
859:
857:
853:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
818:
814:
808:
799:
790:
783:
778:
771:
766:
759:
755:
750:
748:
740:
737:
733:
728:
720:
714:
710:
699:
693:
689:
685:
680:
676:
670:
666:
665:
659:
658:
650:
649:Law of Return
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
614:Who is a Jew?
612:
611:
605:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
564:
553:
550:
542:
531:
528:
524:
521:
517:
514:
510:
507:
503:
500: –
499:
495:
494:Find sources:
488:
484:
480:
474:
473:
469:
464:This section
462:
458:
453:
452:
444:
441:
436:
433:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
359:
351:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
314:
310:
307:
304:
302:
298:
294:
293:
288:
287:
286:
278:
275:
271:
266:
263:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
213:
211:
207:
203:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
169:
165:
161:
154:
150:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
120:
116:
110:
106:
102:
98:
92:
88:
85:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
53:
48:
41:
36:
20:
1483:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1362:
1355:
1323:
1302:Other Europe
1290:
1106:
1089:
1072:
1068:Saudi Arabia
1060:
1010:
958:
942:South Africa
940:
820:. Retrieved
816:
813:"Nevo.co.il"
807:
798:
789:
777:
765:
727:
713:
687:
663:
655:Bibliography
603:
580:
560:
545:
536:
526:
519:
512:
505:
493:
477:Please help
465:
437:
434:
403:
398:
374:
370:
366:
364:
292:Mispar Zehut
290:
284:
267:
264:
252:civil rights
249:
226:
219:
199:
190:
174:
163:
160:t'udát zehút
159:
149:Teudat Zehut
148:
147:
22:Teudat Zehut
1292:Switzerland
1246:Netherlands
1136:&
1080:South Korea
1056:Philippines
960:Afghanistan
782:Gordon 2008
589:) with the
395:prima facie
317:Hebrew date
297:check digit
181:compulsory
108:Eligibility
1498:Categories
1408:Costa Rica
1346:Montenegro
1314:Azerbaijan
1236:Luxembourg
1021:Kazakhstan
971:Bangladesh
966:Azerbaijan
936:Somaliland
926:Mozambique
911:Cape Verde
822:2016-08-28
739:Wikisource
706:References
587:Gaza Strip
585:) or red (
572:Gaza Strip
539:March 2024
509:newspapers
417:Eli Yishai
413:conversion
391:Circassian
210:Gaza Strip
172:بطاقة هوية
157:תעודת זהות
122:Expiration
31:بطاقة هوية
25:תעודת זהות
1451:Argentina
1325:Gibraltar
1231:Lithuania
1085:Sri Lanka
1074:Singapore
996:Indonesia
986:Hong Kong
583:West Bank
568:West Bank
466:does not
231:) in the
206:West Bank
195:precedent
177:) is the
72:Issued by
1433:Real IDs
1276:Slovenia
1271:Slovakia
1261:Portugal
1156:Bulgaria
1131:European
1097:Thailand
1051:Pakistan
1046:Mongolia
1041:Malaysia
852:Archived
608:See also
570:and the
319:as well)
241:Nahariya
208:and the
164:Huwiyyah
138:Free or
1484:italics
1466:Uruguay
1380:Ukraine
1336:Moldova
1309:Albania
1266:Romania
1211:Ireland
1206:Iceland
1201:Hungary
1191:Germany
1181:Finland
1176:Estonia
1161:Croatia
1151:Belgium
1146:Austria
1108:Vietnam
1031:Lebanon
931:Nigeria
921:Morocco
758:Haaretz
523:scholar
487:removed
472:sources
440:Knesset
371:qawmīya
179:Israeli
100:Purpose
27:
1456:Brazil
1422:Mexico
1375:Turkey
1370:Serbia
1364:Russia
1341:Monaco
1331:Kosovo
1286:Sweden
1256:Poland
1251:Norway
1221:Latvia
1196:Greece
1186:France
1166:Cyprus
1123:Europe
1102:Turkey
1091:Taiwan
1062:Russia
1026:Kuwait
1011:Israel
981:Cyprus
904:Africa
736:Hebrew
694:
671:
525:
518:
511:
504:
496:
425:Haredi
410:Reform
379:Jewish
322:Status
233:Krayot
204:, the
168:Arabic
153:Hebrew
84:Israel
81:
1281:Spain
1241:Malta
1216:Italy
1114:Yemen
1036:Macau
1016:Japan
991:India
976:China
916:Ghana
530:JSTOR
516:books
399:le'om
387:Druze
375:le'om
367:le'om
313:civil
239:from
162:) or
1461:Peru
1006:Iraq
1001:Iran
952:Asia
692:ISBN
669:ISBN
502:news
470:any
468:cite
423:, a
421:Shas
389:and
383:Arab
135:Cost
128:visa
113:All
93:1948
62:Type
481:by
325:Sex
1500::
815:.
746:^
686:.
385:,
381:,
262:.
170::
155::
1486:.
1435:)
1431:(
889:e
882:t
875:v
825:.
741:.
700:.
677:.
552:)
546:(
541:)
537:(
527:·
520:·
513:·
506:·
489:.
475:.
222:₪
166:(
151:(
140:₪
130:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
