Jagdgeschwader 26 - Knowledge

3223:. Four pilots were wounded, 12 killed, seven captured. 11 fighters were purportedly shot down in error by German ground-fire. Four fighter pilots were shot down and survived unhurt. Only II. and III./JG 26 hit Evere. Between 44 and 52 Fw 190s from these units took off. II. and III./JG 26 knocked out the flak towers and destroyed anything combustible: hangars, trucks, fuel dumps and aircraft. 127 Wing RCAF lost one Spitfire in the air and 11 on the ground; 11 vehicles were damaged and one was destroyed. A total of 60–61 Allied aircraft were destroyed at Evere. A large number of transports were located there and attracted the attention of German pilots, which left many more Spitfires undamaged. Given the number of Spitfires on the field, the Canadian wing suffered "low" losses. The Canadian wing commander—Johnnie Johnson—blamed the poor marksmanship of German pilots for failing to achieve further success. 2195:

JG 26 in April 1942. Many more were lost in aerial combat with either JG 2 or JG 26 . Improving weather conditions and the Fw 190 brought more casualties in May and June. At least 46 Fighter Command fighters were lost in action with JG 26 in this period while a further seven fell in combat with both JG 2 and JG 26—many more losses remain unattributed. Over claiming was an issue; for the first nine days of May, JG 2 and JG 26 claimed 53 (31 and 22 respectively). Actual Fighter Command losses were 35. For the same period, the German fighter units lost six between them; the British claimed 18 destroyed and another 18 probably destroyed. Though the subject of overclaiming is polemical, the disparity between the reported losses on either side was significant. Nine Spitfires were lost for every two Fw 190 or Bf 109s that sustained irreparable combat damage up to mid-May.

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running battles, some to anti-aircraft artillery—3.6 and 1.8 respectively . All while losing 120 fighters, 70 pilots killed or missing and 28 wounded. On 21st another 62 were killed or wounded, then on 26th 87 pilots were killed or posted missing—on 27 November another 51. Hitler was furious, bemoaned the impotence of the fighter force and the materials and labour used to produce it. Galland's "Great Blow"—the use of the entire fighter force in one massive strike against American bomber streams—would not take place. Hitler did not trust the Luftwaffe's ability to secure a decisive result, and preferred to use what remained of it to support a land offensive in the west. Hitler gambled the last substance of the Waffen SS and Panzer Divisions on the

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struggled to reach altitudes even with considerable warning from American radio/signals traffic. At that altitude, Fw 190A-2s had only slight speed advantages over the B-17. The Revi gunsights were set for fighter, not anti-bomber combat, and set for a range of 100 m (110 yd). The large bombers loomed in quickly long before the German fighters had reached effective range encouraging premature firing. The psychological impact of the massed-firepower of American bombers encouraged inexperienced German pilots to break off too soon from the classic stern-attack position to cause any damage. This anxiety among green pilots heightened through the use of the .50 calibre guns on American aircraft. They out-ranged the

1445: 3142: 3101:, P-47s and P-38s, to engage in aerial combat before dropping their ordnance on German ground forces, thereby relieving the pressure on the army and Waffen SS. Göring, held in disgrace by Hitler, was once again permitted to attend daily military conferences; he was even invited to tea with Hitler for a week, until 23 December. The price to German fighter pilots, however, was high on 17 December; 55 killed and missing, 24 wounded. The fuel crisis in Germany compounded the Luftwaffe's problems, and on 23 December Göring ordered all non-essential transport to be immobilised to save fuel. JG 26, unlike many other 58: 1671: 8863: 1966: 2882:. III./JG 54 reinforced JG 26. The unit came under the administrative control of the wing but was never formally attached. From 3 to 7 June JG 26 claimed 12 confirmed victories against five killed and two wounded. JG 26's pilots were given confirmed credit for 50 destroyed and five probably destroyed in June over Normandy—many more claims were made but it is unknown whether they were granted to pilots. The known cost of the fighting for the month was 32 pilots killed, 21 wounded and one captured. 1650:. To Göring the fighter patrols, free of bomber escort, had not been as successful as the pilots claimed. Henceforth, fighter units no longer had free rein to exploit the qualities of the Bf 109 in flying high and making diving attacks. Flying closer to the bombers forced the German fighters to engage in manoeuvre battles with the Spitfire, which was superior to the Bf 109 in this respect due to its lighter wing loading. In a much-publicised conversation, Galland claimed that in a meeting with Göring and 2113: 934: 2199: 1633:. From 22 to 30 August, JG 26 were credited with 23 fighters for two killed, two captured and one wounded. On the final day of August, 15 fighters were destroyed for two killed and three captured. In the first week of September, the battles against the airfields died down, as OKL changed tactics. In the first six days, JG 26 were credited with 21 fighters destroyed for the loss of two dead and three prisoners. With Hitler's approval, the 2741:

an annual attrition rate of 100 percent. The strength of the wing was 50 percent of authorised strength; but only two thirds of that total were operational. It had 68 fighters on 31 December; all Bf 109 G-6s and Fw 190 A-6s. Of the 185 pilots, 107 were available, the remainder were on leave, convalescing, or considered not ready for combat. At least 84 of RAF Fighter Command's losses during 1943 have been attributed to JG 26.

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in the second half of the year with 42 losses which fell to 18 in September and 15 in October. In September 1941 JG 26 began requipping with the Fw 190, and by year's end had mostly adopted the type. The Fw 190 A proved troublesome initially but soon proved formidable and superior to the Spitfire V. Walter Adolph became the first Fw 190 commander and pilot killed and he was replaced by Müncheberg at the head of II.

2791:. The fighter eventually had the range and performance to escort US bombers to the target and back which supplemented the drop-tank fitted P-47s and P-38s. American tactics soon changed from protecting the US bombers to patrolling fixed boxes of airspace. American fighter pilots were free to hunt German fighters; bombers that missed their rendezvous were left to fend for themselves. This marked a more aggressive use of 9230: 8800: 34: 9258: 2996:. Mietusch was killed on this first day of the operation. German forces were unable to prevent Allied forces from penetrating into Germany. On 12 October 1944, JG 26 flew against the Eighth Air Force alone as weather grounded the remainder of the Luftwaffe. Priller led 57 Fw 190s into action. Allied radio interceptors listened as he cursed his pilots for not forming up correctly. II. and III. 3025:. ULTRA followed JG 26s movements. Their analysts remarked that the tactical fighters—fighters for frontline patrol—were inexperienced in making effective time in assembly and attacking escorted US heavy bomber formations. It regarded the German effort on this occasion as "poor." The Luftwaffe did not attempt to intercept a single Eighth Air Force raid again for the duration of October 1944. 3029: 1946:

variant, and could out perform the previous version considerably. The type was similar looking to the Spitfire V, entering service simultaneously and the two were comparable. The cannons were deleted from the wing; one cannon remained firing through the propeller hub, and two heavy machine guns remained fixed above the engine to fire through the propeller. I. and III.

2803:. JG 26 was credited with 56 Allied aircraft in January but lost 19 killed and six wounded. 45 were credited in February for 18 killed and 17 wounded. On 6 March the Americans attacked Berlin; JG 26 claimed seven American and one British aircraft in combat with the main and diversionary forces for one loss. Two days later the Americans struck again; III. 2570:

formation, then to end the attack above, not below the bombers, where a pilot could find himself alone. The psychological impact of the US bombers' return fire encouraged German pilots to break off and attacks were rarely carried out exactly as Galland prescribed. JG 26 faced the first major American attack into Europe against Lille on 9 October. III.

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and JG 26 bases in late 1942 were Bf 109s. The Fw 190 was in short supply, and given the multi-role function of the Fw 190 the Channel Front wings were to scheduled to revert to Bf 109s to permit the Fw 190 to move to priority theatres – a move encouraged by the Fw 190s lack of performance above 7,500 m (25,000 ft) where US bombers operated.

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of German aircraft, rapid adaptation to German tactics by the British and the poorer quality of pilot replacements to JG 26 put a greater burden on the dwindling number of veteran pilots. This situation led to a conflict between the two significant psychological needs of the fighter pilots: confidence in their aircraft and tactics.

1646:. JG 26 fought in the main dogfights, accounting for three fighters according to post-war research. From 7 September, German fighter units were ordered to fly as close escort, which brought Galland into dispute with Göring whose loss of confidence in the fighter arm had as much to do with the switch of strategy to bombing 2603:, and performed well at high altitudes. However, lacking drop tanks its range was little better than the Spitfire. With drop tanks, both aircraft could reach the German-Dutch border in 1943; the external tanks were only fourth on the Eighth Air Force's list of priorities. Pressurised drop-tanks were used in a raid on 2537:, which began to grind down Luftwaffe strength. In North Africa, the Axis collapsed in May, having expended enormous manpower and material strength to hold African and Mediterranean positions while providing US forces with invaluable experience and intelligence on the quality of their enemy. The same month, 3012:

P-51. The name of the pilot appeared on Priller's claim documents. The American was easy to identify for he was the only US aircraft shot down over Germany that day. The rest broke through to the bomber stream only for the US 364th Fighter Group to pounce on them. The inexperienced Fw 190 pilots

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because it was not given the location of it. JG 2 was able to claim only nine bombers over the Somme, the other B-17s escaped in the growing cumulus. The victory ended deep American raids until February 1944. The Eighth targeted installations along the German coast in the intervening period with

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D-2 engines providing more power. The Fw 190A-4 and Bf 109G-4 soon followed, with improved radios and homing devices. At their preferred altitudes – below 20,000 ft for the 190 and the reverse for the 109 -each of these types was a match for the Spitfire IX. Most of the fighters arriving at JG 2

2056:, who claimed a Bf 109 whose tail came off and the pilot baled out, before he himself was shot down and captured by Schöpfel. In the period 14 June–4 July Fighter Command lost 80 fighters and 62 pilots, while the two German wings lost 48 Bf 109s and 32 pilots; 2:1 in the Luftwaffe's favour. 1915:

From 1941 through to 1942, JG 26 were fully occupied with defending German military targets in northern France and Belgium from RAF incursions. JG 26 defended airspace east of the Seine to the Dutch border, while JG 2 covered west of the demarcation line. JG 26 formally came under

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per day by the most experienced men. By the end of September, Galland noticed that "the stamina of the superbly trained and experienced original was down to a point where operational efficiency was being impaired". Göring's interference with tactics without regard for the situation, the capabilities

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was gathering momentum. Allied armies had broken through the German lines and were surging across Germany akin to their campaign in France in 1944. JG 26 was ordered to conduct reconnaissance, since the German army had no frontlines, intelligence on Allied movements, or close support operations

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In November 1944, the Luftwaffe exhibited a façade of air supremacy, yet superior numbers did not transfer into quality. On the second day of this month, Luftflotte Reich experienced the worst single daily loss of the entire war to date. The US Eighth Air Force lost 40 bombers and 16 fighters in the

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killed in action; all of them group commanders. In 1943, the wing claim-to-loss ratio was 4:1 which suggested a favourable combat performance. However, there were signs Allied operations were wearing it down. The 158 pilots killed or wounded during the year, was double that of 1942 and equivalent to

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In January 1943 Schöpfel handed command of JG 26 to Josef Priller. The first months of 1943 were not intensive in combat terms for JG 26; one author described them as "The Last Pause". On 27 January 1943, the weather conditions finally allowed for an attack on German soil and the US Eighth

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denied Hitler victory and forced a continuation of the war which compelled the Luftwaffe to fight multiple enemies with inferior resources. From this point, the Luftwaffe, unprepared to fight a war of attrition over Germany, was gradually forced away from the peripheries of German-occupied Europe to

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replacing the MG 17, and supplementing the MG 151/20 cannon in the nose. The MW 50 (water-methanol) additive increased lower altitude performance but the increase in weight reduced manoeuvrability. German pilots were critical of the Bf 109s fragility, but praised the Fw 190s strong construction; the

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Fighter Command suffered badly in 1941. Losses were about 2 percent while 2 Group Bomber Command suffered 7.68 percent casualties. From 14 June 1941, Fighter Command reported 411 fighters over the Channel; 14 on the last "Circus" of the year. The British claimed 731 German aircraft destroyed though

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2, though the date they became operational is unknown. Some ground crews did not reach France until August. Re-equipment with the more heavily armed and armoured Bf 109 E-4 was incomplete and many E-1s remained on charge. The pilots of JG 26 believed that a campaign against the United

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making it a six-group wing. On 31 May, JG 26 pilots were given credit for nine fighters destroyed; since the 10 May seven of the wings pilots had been killed, seven wounded and four captured (one later released). All but three fell in aerial combat. The penultimate day of combat over Dunkirk on

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since 27 September 1944, led the mission which resulted in five claims for the loss of two killed in action with RAF and US fighters; a further three were killed in accidents and two were wounded. Operations of this kind were tried again on 1 March, but nine pilots were killed in action with the US

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move, opposite to the arc of the turn, when pursued in a conventional turn if an enemy sat behind a P-47. This usually placed a P-47 behind its enemy. JG 26 claimed 44 American and British Commonwealth aircraft in June. JG 26 lost eight killed in action, one in an accident, one wounded in

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level this was not efficient and it was decided for these units to retain their Fw 190s; and did so until the end of the war. The Bf 109 and Fw 190 were used to complement each other in the coming battles. The Fw 190s armament, considered effective against all enemies, was used against bombers more

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quickly earned a reputation, almost immediately, of absorbing heavy damage and remaining airborne. In 1942, a typical interception of this type by Fw 190 pilots was difficult. The American bombers flew at altitudes in excess of 8,000 m (26,000 ft), and lacking a super-charger, the Fw 190s

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and JG 26. There were 4,385 "alarmstarts" in July 1941 and another 4,258 in August. September saw a reduction to 2,534 and to 2,553 in October before falling to 1,287. Nevertheless, the fighter wings still retained 430 fighters on 27 September 1941. August proved the costliest to the Luftwaffe

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could choose which RAF formations to engage, and when and how to engage them. In essence, the German and British units were fighting a reverse Battle of Britain. At the beginning of the year, JG 26 began converting to the Bf 109 F-2. The fighter was aerodynamically cleaner than the E

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The German collapse in France and Belgium resulted in a rapid Allied advance into western Netherlands and to the German border. Logistics slowed the Allied forces and their advanced stalled as German resistance stiffened and the German army began to recover from the defeat at Falaise. In September

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and II./JG 53 remained operational. Göring rescinded his earlier orders that leaders and commanders fly only with large formations because he feared that they were taking advantage of it. Staffelkapitans were to fly one mission per day every time his unit flew 3 or 4 sorties a day. Each group

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and incurred casualties. On 13 August, all units engaged in rocket-missions were ordered to cease operations. Their aircraft had to fly at more than 30 minutes on emergency power boost and required replacement. The order did not rescind the close support operations. From 15 August JG 26 still

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on 27 September 1943, the first time US fighter escorts had made the flight over Germany. The P-47 was not as maneuverable at lower levels than German fighters but could out-dive the Bf 109 and Fw 190. The introduction of paddle blade propellers and water-injection improved the climb and

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and scored a victory by establishing a land link to the city. Only 6 miles (9.7 km) wide, every point was covered by German artillery, and although Army Group North sealed the penetration by 18 January 1943, it could not eliminate it. Conversely, the Soviets could not widen it through further

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For the Luftwaffe, the winter of 1942-43 was spent increasing the engine and firepower of their fighters. Weights rose, and engine power had to follow to keep pace. In order to increase compression ratios in their engines, and unable to do so through the use of high-strength alloys and high-octane

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If attacked, we should draw the P-47s to a lower altitude (3,000 metres (9,800 feet)) by diving, then turn about suddenly. The P-47s will overshoot; if they try to turn, they will lose speed and are vulnerable. The P-47 should zoom-climb and dive again. If we get into a turning combat, a P-47 can

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landings with powerful air forces. The RAF did not succeed in forcing the Luftwaffe into a pitched-battle over the beachhead and Fighter Command in particular, suffered heavy casualties. The British claimed to have inflicted heavy casualties on the Luftwaffe, the balance sheet showed the reverse;

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was shortly employed as bait to bring the Luftwaffe to battle. There were few high-value strategic targets in France and Belgium within range of escorting Spitfires. A follow-up Circus with small bomber formations and strong fighter escort began on 10 January as the policy's second element began.

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pilots; by the end of the Battle of Britain, JG 26 had gained a reputation as one of only two fighter wings that performed escort duties with consistently low losses to the bombers. The worst day for JG 26 in the battle was 30 September when it lost four pilots for seven victory claims.

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on 6 December 1942. JG 26 engaged the American element of the raid, which acted as a diversion. Only one victory was achieved at the cost of two pilots. Galland placed pressure on Schöpfel to increase the rate of successful interceptions. The general demanded head-on and in rear attacks, in

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area. Four US fighters were downed at no cost—the four Fw 190s the Americans claimed were probably from JG 2, as JG 26 reported no losses. On 23 December JG 2 contributed to the strong Luftwaffe effort to maintain aerial cover for German ground forces on this day; though air

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on German fighters, and in a slow-closing chase the German pilot often had to sit through several minutes of American gunfire before they got within effective firing range of their own armament. American gunners saturated the air with tracers to disrupt or ward off attacks. In response, Galland

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49 times, though 10./JG 26s region was more heavily defended. The first certain fighter-bomber mission occurred on 7 March 1942. From 19 April to 18 June German records indicate 32 Jabo missions were flown by Bf 109 F-4s against a variety of targets. Fighter-bomber attacks by 10.

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were among those credited with successes against the Circus operations. From 9 to 21 June analysis attributes at least 18 specific Fighter Command losses to JG 26. On 22 June 1941, the German-led invasion of the Soviet Union left JG 2 and JG 26 the sole remaining fighter units in

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Galland found a partial solution to Göring's order to maintain close escort by developing a flexible escort system that allowed his pilots constantly to change altitude, airspeed, direction and distance to the bombers during close-escort operations. The results were better and acceptable to his

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quoted the figures in a radio broadcast, which amused the German unit for it had suffered a single casualty. Nevertheless, some early raids were not intercepted at all, earning JG 26 the wrath of Göring and Galland. Galland was concerned at the perceived timidity of the fighter pilots and

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and 601 were engaged and lost four of their number on the way in, and on the return flight lost three Hurricanes (pilots safe) to III./JG 26 on the way out. It cost the Germans two pilots killed and one wounded. From the 3 to 7 June only three of the 10 claims submitted by JG 26 were

1627:. Handrick was replaced by Galland who agreed with Göring that the sole measure of success in a fighter leader was the number of aircraft shot down. Galland began weeding out those he deemed unfit and promoting those he saw as able; Schöpfel and Müncheberg were among those promoted to command 2194:

remarked "Yes, the 190 was causing us real problems at this time. We could out-turn it, but you couldn't turn all day. As the number of 190s increased, so the depth of our penetrations decreased. They drove us back to the coast really.". 48 specific Fighter Command losses have been linked to

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also intercepted but their first mission in the Fw 190 D-9s was a disaster for them. Of the 18 sent up, eight aborted due to engine trouble, another went after a US artillery spotter plane, while the remaining nine engaged a formation of 60 B-17s and their strong P-38 escort near

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JG 26 claimed three French fighters for one loss; the pilot was released in June. The French had concentrated their fighter aircraft power around the capital but targets proved elusive for the Germans. The operation was a failure militarily. The entire wing moved to an airfield near

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for his last wartime Christmas. JG 26 claimed 12 Allied aircraft destroyed, but none are known to have been allowed to stand; the status of the claims are either unknown or unconfirmed. Five JG 26 were killed in action, one wounded while two more were wounded in accidents. On

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The air war changed considerably in the first months of 1943. Fighter Command continued its offensive over Northwest Europe with growing numbers of the Spitfire IX ending the performance superiority of the Fw 190 A. Bomber Command's area offensives began in earnest with the

1899:, in June 1941, provided a greater strategic rationale for applying pressure to the Luftwaffe in Western Europe. On 9 January 1941, Circus Number 1 was flown by 60 fighters over northern France. The Germans ignored them, using the same tactics as Keith Park in the Battle of Britain. 1500:

and II./JG 51 claiming eight Spitfires (three were lost). The Germans suffered one casualty and the British claimed nine; JG 26 were credited with two and one unconfirmed. Fighter Command credited JG 51 with two of the losses and JG 26 just one. On 12 August, II.

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to the English coast, was hit and force-landed and promptly captured. His aircraft became the first Bf 109 F to be captured intact by the British. Fighter Command persisted with large-scale operations, but were suffering heavy casualties from the two German fighter wings.

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claimed 285 fighters shot down for the loss of 56 pilots, a ratio of 5:1. In the view of one analyst, JG 26s losses were fairly low, considering it had only four rest days from mid-August to the end of October. Galland ended the year one of the leading fighter pilots of the

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1 June saw JG 26 claim five for no loss; within twenty four hours seven claims were granted after a large air battle over Dunkirk. Fighter Command reported the loss of 18 in total on the first and 11 on the second in combat with fighter, heavy fighter and bomber formations.

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From 2 January 1945, fuel stocks permitting, JG 26 was ordered into the air on every day until wars end. It was ordered to support the armies in the field and it would never engage the heavy bombers of the US Eighth Air Force again. Ten days later, the Red Army began the

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which deprecated emphasis on individuals. Wick was dead before the end of November and Mölders under a year later. Four fighter pilots of the wing claimed 31 per cent of the aircraft shot down. At the end of 1940, seven JG 26 members had been awarded the Knight's Cross.

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medium bombers which accompanied every mission. The American operations were successful, if overstated in the damage done to German production, but air superiority in daylight had passed irrevocably to the Allies. This month had seen the introduction into the air war of the

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on Sicily on 9 February 1941. The appearance of JG 26 over the island led to rising losses among the ageing Hurricane squadrons due to superior aircraft and experience. JG 26 had few, if any, losses. In March the unit claimed no less than 13 RAF fighters. The 7.

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to reach the English Channel on 20 May. On 14 May, the French and AASF bombers sent strong bomber formations against the bridges at Sedan to prevent the German crossings. They suffered heavy losses, in what became known as "the day of the fighters" in the Luftwaffe. II.

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and all bar three wings were sent to the Eastern Front; JG 26 remained to defend northern Germany, with JG 27, JG 2 and JG 53 in the extreme south. From the 4 to 14 January 1945, 16 pilots were killed on operations, and five wounded, including

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project. The losses came as a shock and reinforced Galland's view that the campaign would not be easy. Four victory claims were accepted in July for three men killed and one captured. The Channel battles continued into August. On day one, Galland was awarded the

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from GC I/145; the Polish unit lost three men killed. JG 26 began moving to airfields near Paris on 13 June (it fell on 14 June). Of the 13 claims made over five days from 9 to 14 June, all were credited and all but four were against British opponents. I.

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commanded by Schöpfel. Galland, went through every report, even those of German pilots killed in the action, to determine Bader's victor. Each case was dismissed. RAF combat records indicate Bader may have been shot down by Flight Lieutenant "Buck" Casson of

1796:. With the opening of a new front in North Africa in mid-1940, British air and sea forces based on the island could attack Axis ships transporting vital supplies and reinforcements from Europe to North Africa. To counter this threat the Luftwaffe and the 2845:

retained the ageing Bf 109 G-6, which was an effective dogfighter, but lacked the speed to initiate or escape combat—experienced pilots could use its turn-climb qualities but inexperienced pilots proved easy targets in this type. On 6 June the

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had taken over these operations as JG 2 and JG 26 could no longer be spared for offensive operations. JG 26 were at a distinct disadvantage in comparison to JG 2 in "Jabo" operations. Its pilots had little experience and no dedicated

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pilots had been killed and two captured for one victory claimed—it reported II./JG 1 suffered the heaviest losses. JG 26 fought over the battlefront near St. Vith on 27 December. On 1 January 1945, JG 26 flew in the airfield attacks for

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which had been moved to Germany to reinforce those defending Germany from the US Eighth Air Force. But the time of their departure, two pilots had been killed in action, one in an accident, one wounded and one captured on the Eastern Front. While the

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are known to have suffered on loss against JG 26; no loss or damage in 72 Squadron was listed. In March 1942, post-war analysis credits JG 26 with 27 Fighter Command fighters destroyed; though it sustained many more unattributed losses.

696:, beginning World War II. JG 26 was ordered to protect the western German border and industrial regions. Pilots spent time patrolling the airspace, in training or waiting at readiness in cockpits. The wing suffered its first fatality when an 3194:. One American fighter was lost for four German. Allied units lost 44 bombers and 12 fighters on another day of heavy air fighting for 125 German fighter claimed destroyed. 85 German pilots were killed or captured on 24 December. Two were 3096:

The offensive began on 16 December 1944. The Luftwaffe succeeded in challenging Allied air superiority for the first time since 1943 on 17 December. The achievement lay not in shooting down more aircraft than they lost, but forcing the US

2103:, in contrast, destroyed four for every one they lost. Their percent remained at one percent. Among the most successful pilots to emerge were Josef Priller, who claimed 19 in 26 days from 16 June. On 5 December 1941 Galland was appointed 1277:, a future senior officer, survived a crash behind French lines, was shot by a French civilian and captured. He returned to Germany after his release in June. Only four from 10 claims were permitted to stand. Near Rouen on the 9th, III. 2992:. JG 26 was the nearest positioned German fighter wing and responded to the paratrooper landings. The German pilots could not reach the transports for they were protected by powerful formations of Allied fighters, mainly by the US 2231:

units had the following results: JG 2 lost 14 Fw 190s with eight pilots killed and JG 26 lost six Fw 190s with six pilots killed. The Spitfire Squadrons, 42 with Mark Vs, and only four with Mark IXs were tasked with

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got lost and force-landed in France after running out of fuel. On 14 August a newcomer pilot was wounded and captured but was repatriated in 1943 to serve in the ground staff. The battle involved over 200 aircraft, as all three

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ordered attacks on British shipping in the English Channel as a prelude to a full-scale offensive against Fighter Command and its infrastructure, in July 1940. The intention was to draw out Fighter Commandand deplete it in

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The impact of Fighter Command's massive daylight operations were offset by the tactical deployment of German units which enjoyed radar-based guidance. They skilfully used this to outweigh their numerical inferiority. 32

3288:, 49 from JG 27 and 36 from NSGr 20 did so; only 14 from JG 26 volunteered indicating a willingness to remain with their unit. A further order was passed down to accept only pilots with the Knight's Cross or 787:. Steinhoff was also in the battle; the German unit claimed six (three confirmed) for one pilot drowned. On New Years Day 1940, JG 26 began replacing the Bf 109 E-1 with the E-3, which had more powerful 1940:

would be appointed to senior commands during the year after the loss of Pingel and Adolph in action and Galland to the high command. 1941 proved to be a successful period for JG 26 tactically. Galland and his

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fuel rather than the standard 87 Octane and was in short supply; the DB 601N had a short production run. The decision to attack London placed the Bf 109 at the limit of its range. Galland remarked that a

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claimed five P-36s from GC I/4 without loss; the French lost their commander and another killed, one captured, two wounded and several damaged fighters. JG 26 pilots were given credit for eight destroyed near

2970:. The German pilots were given credit for five destroyed against various US fighter units including two from the 315th. On 28 August the German fighter forces moved eastward toward Germany. Only JG 26s three 2811:

attempted to intercept returning US bombers over France but the coordinated action with JG 2 failed. Three bombers were claimed but lost five killed and four wounded. On 31 March, the Eighth was placed under

1608:, though the RAF Squadron was destroyed (losing six)<!Is this the squadron destroyed or a flight?--> when an unidentified Bf 109 unit intervened. JG 26 served in the 18 August battles now known as 1302:. From 1 to 26 June cost JG 26 10 killed in action, two killed in accidents, four temporarily captured and six wounded. JG 26 were credited with the destruction of 160 Allied aircraft in the campaign. III. 3049:, an effort to capture Antwerp and split the Americans and British Commonwealth forces militarily, in the hopes of improving Germany's dire situation. On 24 November, Stab and I./JG 26 moved from bases at 2223:

Allied aircraft losses amounted to 106, including 88 RAF fighters (70 Spitfires were lost to all causes) and 18 bombers, against 48 Luftwaffe aircraft lost. Included in that total were 28 bombers, half of them

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26 "Schlageter". One practical result of being a "named" unit was that for propaganda, if not necessarily operational, reasons, the wing was always among the first to receive new equipment; by January 1939 the

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was 40 aircraft and pilots. The quarterly report on 31 March stated that 48 pilots were present, 35 available for duty. It had 35 Fw 190s, but only 24 were operational. In the late spring operated form

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The good news dried up for Göring. The Allied strategic air forces were operational again, drawing the Luftwaffe in, and denying the Germans to counter Allied operations over the front. He scuttled back to

2833:(Fighter Corps). The fighter forces expected an invasion in the Pas de Calais, where they were based. The wing had replaced its losses and was in a much improved condition from previous months. I. and II. 3236:

who was awarded a posthumous Knight's Cross. In January 1945, JG 26 lost 31 pilots killed in action, three in accidents, eight captured, and at least 14 severely injured. III./JG 54, a fourth

2076:. Fighter Command flew 6,875 sorties from January to June and lost 112 aircraft—57 in June. From July to December this increased to 20,495 with 416 losses. The pressure grew on JG 2, allotted to 2921:

returned to France on 8 August and arrived at Guyancourt four days later. Over the course of 8 and 9 August JG 26 lost three pilots killed and two wounded in combat with US fighters from the

2807:

reached the bombers but were engaged by US fighters. Two pilots were killed and one wounded against the P-47s. JG 26 pilots were given credit for nine American aircraft. On 16 March this

2962:

led 34 Fw 190s on a familiarisation flight for new pilots in the Paris area. Three P-47s and two Fw 190s were destroyed. Ground attack operations continued to late August. As the

2255:

During the course of 1942 and 1943 JG 2 and JG 26 carried out "Jabo" operations in towns and coastal targets in England, and occasionally bombed London. At the beginning of 1943,

3138:

fought its way through American aircraft flying over its airfield before engaging B-26 Marauders. Five German fighters were lost in combat with P-47s and two B-26s were claimed destroyed.

3185:

and JG 2s airfields. They were repulsed by the escorts, but destroyed five P-47s for four fighters and three pilots; one possibly fired on in error by the supporting JG 27. I.

1802:(Italian Royal Air Force) were tasked with bombing raids in an effort to neutralise the RAF defences and the ports. That day the unit and a 40-strong detachment of ground crews departed 2729:

and seven other US fighter groups supported a raid on Wilhelmshaven. II./JG 3 and III./JG 1 broke up one group of P-47s, but others completed the defence of the bombers. III.

2630:

an accident and 10 others wounded in action. July costed the wing eight killed in action, five in accidents and nine wounded. On 13 August, III./JG 26 replaced IIII./JG 54 at

1171:

as the attached III./JG 3 moved to Mauriaux. From 24 to 28 May, JG 26 pilots were credited with 13 victories with six unconfirmed. Their opponents on the last date were from

1654:

he requested a Spitfire for his wing if that was how they were to fight. Galland had to settle for some Bf 109 E-4/Ns, JG 26 being the only unit to fly the type. The

1700: 8644: 3391:(field marshal) and appointed him Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe. Dortenmann was involved in the last mission of the war, when he led nine Fw 190s on a "free hunt", 2264:

when attacks began in earnest in March 1942. Those deemed unsuitable as fighter pilots, undisciplined or who had clashed with commanders were the first sent into 10. and 13.

9293: 2984:

1944, JG 26 lost two experienced group commanders, Klaus Mietusch and Emil Lang on 3rd and 17th. On the last date, British, Canadian, Polish and American forces began

3280:

Fuel reserves had built up permitting a full-strength mission on 13 March. Morale remained reasonably high in JG 26. ULTRA intercepts picked up a request from the 14

3057:, commanded by Karl Borris since mid-1943, began receiving the Fw 190 D-9. Some 63 fighters of this type were received in the latter half of December 1944. II. 2561:

From September to December 1942 JG 26 come into contract with the US Eighth Air Force with growing frequency. One of the earliest collaborations between the RAF and

1041:

areas. The cost was to 1./JG 26, which suffered two pilots killed and another temporarily captured. On 14 May, JG 26 was busy supporting German advances at the

1033:. Seven Spitfires and one Defiant were claimed; one Spitfire and five Defiants were lost. Two Dutch and two French aircraft, one from GC III/3, were also claimed in the 9288: 3093:

ordering it move from Nordhorn, regardless of whether it could equip with GM-1 or not. ULTRA listened to the urgent Luftwaffe messages which belied a German build-up.

1199:"Stukas" made a successful attack on Dunkirk shipping. II./JG 27 moved to Brussels on 30 May and by the following morning, JG 26 controlled all three of its 2487:. According to one account, Mietusch cared little for his men as individuals, and judged them solely on their performance in the air. The leader hardly ever spoke to 2099:

only 103 German fighters were lost. A post-war survey concluded by the Air Ministry asserted that the RAF lost 2.5 pilots for every German fighter downed. The German

8852: 2558:, and back to the Channel Front when required. The Luftflotte 3 operations staff reported in April 1943, the main defensive effort was against USAAF daylight raids 2416:

was detached again, and sent to the Leningrad front until late June 1943 as part of I./JG 54. I/JG 26 returned to France after four months of operations.

2047:

baled out and was captured. Galland entertained the famous pilot at JG 26 headquarters. The cause of Bader's capture occurred in the midst of combat with III.

2799:

was also released from escort duty—the Spitfires were now authorised to seek out the Luftwaffe while the bombers softened up the invasion coast in preparation for

2662:

made contact with the bombers. 16 claims were confirmed by the German side to their pilots for five killed and six wounded. Among the notable fatalities was Major

2837:

were equipped entirely with the Fw 190 A-8, which retained powerful armament, a further fuel tank to improve ranger, and engine modifications, such the

2574:

shot down four bombers, the worst single American loss at the time. The US bombers claimed 56 fighters destroyed, 26 probably destroyed and 20 damaged. President

752:

had received its full complement of Bf 109s. The wing now had 129 day fighters, with fourteen Bf 109 Ds and six Ar 68s in the night fighter

2608:

acceleration making the fighter an equal of German fighters, and well suited for the coming battles. JG 26's tactics against the P-47 were summarised by

2360:, in qualitative terms, was weaker and victories, a prerequisite to awards and promotions, easier to obtain. JG 26 was ordered to replace JG 54 in 1950:

began conversion at Dortmund and Bonn. Consequently, only III./JG 26 were equipped with the F by 28 June 1941—39 machines reported. By 27 September, I.

2356:

The news JG 26 was ordered to be ordered onto the Eastern Front in January 1943 was greeted with enthusiasm. The perception of the pilots was that the

8622: 9034: 8637: 2268:

which were to operate as fighter-bombers. The lack of training and enthusiasm in the 17 "tip and run" attacks contributed to the ineffectiveness on 10.

806:(JG 51—51st Fighter Wing) but remained under JG 26 administration. It did not return to JG 26 until June 1940. To maintain it as a three 3089:

at the end of November. JG 26 was to take part in the last major offensive of the Wehrmacht in Western Europe. ULTRA intercepted messages to III.

2338:

and above 9,000 m (30,000 ft) was in its element. In the spring, 1943, I/JG 2 and II/JG 26 were flying Bf 109s and Fw 190s. Operationally at

1674:

Bf 109 E-3; JG 26 operated the E-1, 3 and 4 in 1940. It was more heavily armed than the E-1. Note the 87 octane triangle on the fuselage

9283: 2701:

became the only non-commissioned officer to receive the Knight's Cross—he and Wilhelm-Ferdinand Galland were the only members to receive it in 1943.

2027:. Sprick was a Knight's Cross holder, but died in action just ten days later. On 10 July another Knight's Cross holder, Rolf Pingel, commanding II. 3403:

the same day, precluded any further military operations. JG 26 was ordered to Norway on 5 May, but Karl Borris argued with commanding officer

2682:

made contact with the bombers and elements of 3./JG 26 attacked while Spitfires were present, losing two. After the Spitfires turned back, I.

7583:

Air War 1941: The Turning Point: Part One: The Day by Day Account of Air Operations over Northwest Europe: From the Battle of Britain to the Blitz

2187:

began operations escorted later in the year escorted by Spitfire Vs. The superiority of the Fw 190 over the Spitfire was evident to British.

1880: 8630: 1879:, where it operated uninterrupted for the next four years following the Battle of Britain. RAF Fighter Command and its new commanding officers 1183:.The following morning Fighter Command fielded the largest single patrol when Hurricanes from 229 and 242 Squadrons, covered by Spitfires from 296:

from January to June 1943. A planned move in full to the Soviet Union did not materialise. JG 26 was well known by Allied air forces. The

2617:

often get us on the first turn. If the Fw 190 climbs slightly in the turn (below 5,000 m (16,000 ft)) it will gain on the P-47.

1167:(JG 2—2nd Fighter Wing) moved to Quevaucamps, northwest of Mons, Belgium, some distance from the Channel ports. III./JG 26 moved to 8845: 2136:. JG 1, JG 2 and JG 26 were involved in the surprise operation. Schöpfel led the JG 26 element of the operation over the 3017:

flew further west of Hamburg, but ran into P-51s losing another five fighters, two killed and one wounded. Their attackers were from the US

1887:

wished to take the offensive into France and Belgium in 1941. Termed the "lean towards France", Leigh-Mallory, No. 11 Group RAF, began the

3411:

Hermann Gern became the last of approximately 30,000 Wehrmacht serviceman shot for dereliction of duty for returning home without orders.

1144:

strength of 40 aircraft, meeting squadrons of RAF fighters numbering only a dozen; the largest tactical unit at the time. On this day II.

3257:. The entire wing flew against fighter-bombers supporting the American advance on München Gladbach on 28 February. The 197-victory pilot 2533:

and the US Eighth Air Force, operational since mid-1942, was in sufficient strength to strike into Germany in January 1943 beginning the

1510:

Adlertag began on 13 August and cost JG 26 one fighter, though the attacks were a failure. Apparently a dozen Bf 109s from II.

321: 2167:

offered their only protection but were overwhelmed by the German fighters. All the Swordfish were shot down and Esmonde was awarded the

1621:, dissatisfied with his wing commanders and feeling that younger and more aggressive leaders were needed for the battle, replaced eight 1195:

of JG 26 and III./JG 3 to attack them from higher altitudes. In thirty minutes, ten British fighters were shot down while the

2901:

to support III./JG 2 in rocket attacks on 28 July. The mission to Avranches was successful in that it incurred no casualties. II.

2400:. The decision was made to replace III./JG 54 with I./JG 26 first. The intended swap of the wings never took place. While I. 2343:

frequently, while the high-flying Bf 109s engaged escorting fighters. The Bf 109G-4 was “up-gunned” as well to the Bf 109G-6, with two

2475:

7./JG 26 added their dozen Fw 190s to the 40 from I./JG 54. In this sector they were opposed by 1,200 aircraft of the

8838: 8178: 2642:

Fw 190s were damaged. JG 26 made 15 claims from 31 July to 15 August, 11 of which were accepted; most of the claims were

2423:

claimed 21 Soviet aircraft in total and from 9 to 14 March claimed another eight. During this period, the German army carried out

2244:

claimed 61 of the 106 RAF machines lost, which included all types: JG 2 claimed 40 and JG 26 claimed 21. Wing Commander

2040:

was among the casualties, posted missing on 3 August after strafing sortie (presumably ground-fire was the cause) and on 9 August

1100:

area. Two out of six claims were confirmed the following day but lost commanding officer Herwig Knüppel killed. Two fighters from

1464:

Werner Bartels, technical officer, was captured wounded but repatriated in a prisoner-exchange in 1943 and later worked on the

8822: This along with the ? (question mark) indicates doubt regarding the veracity and formal correctness of the listing. 2708:

in October 1943 was a victory for the defending Luftwaffe. The cost of this victory remained high in fighters and pilots. II.

581:

was equipped with the Bf 109 D-1. On 8 December 1938, JG 132 was given the unit name "Schlageter", named after

372:

contained approximately 12 to 15 aircraft. The identification in records were different depending on the type of formation. A

8612: 8586: 8567: 8548: 8529: 8510: 8491: 8472: 8453: 8430: 8411: 8392: 8373: 8354: 8335: 8309: 8283: 8261: 8239: 8217: 8186: 8163: 8144: 8125: 8106: 8087: 8068: 8045: 8026: 8007: 7988: 7965: 7946: 7924: 7902: 7883: 7861: 7839: 7809: 7790: 7771: 7748: 7729: 7710: 7691: 7672: 7653: 7634: 7612: 7590: 7571: 7552: 7533: 7514: 7495: 7472: 7453: 7434: 7415: 2380:

with key personnel and equipment. All other crews and maintenance devices remained on the bases. The move was ordered as the

1429:

led by Karl Ebbighausen had 35 Bf 109s operational from 39 and Galland 38 from 40 serviceable. All four aircraft of the

780: 8652: 3400: 2646:

heavy bombers. From 9 to 15 August the wing suffered another three killed in action and four wounded. On 17 August 1943, I.

1295: 7393: 2744: 1615:

Both sides were grounded by poor weather for several days and on 22 August 1940, Hermann Göring, commander-in-chief of the

423:

26 was one of the earliest fighter units of the Luftwaffe. Its creation began in early 1937. A plan dated 14 March 1936 by

3345:

became the last member of JG 26 awarded the Knight's Cross. On 24 April his unit flew against the Red Air Force over

9246: 8653: 8327: 3153:, as he shot down a Focke-Wulf Fw 190D of II/JG 26 which was attempting to attack an Avro Lancaster over Cologne, Germany 2885:

JG 26 pilots were utilised as close air support units. The wing was known to have flown attacks with rockets in the

2686:

was able to stay with the B-17s for much longer, though they were only able to account for four. Klaus Mietusch and III.

1507:

claimed a first victory of the battle, while the wing destroyed nine fighters for one pilot killed and another captured.

1470: 3341:

who had no more than 35 Fw 190s between them. On 19 April the wing managed to fly 35 sorties and the following day

2966:

closed, trapping large German forces, JG 26 lost nine pilots killed and two wounded in a single action with the US

2599:

presented a new longer-range threat to the Luftwaffe. The US fighter was heavily armed and had a powerful engine with a

2554:

defend the homeland. JG 26 was among those fighter wings that switched to reinforce the home defence, which became

2318:

fuel lacking in Germany, engineers opted for chemical enhancements. The Bf 109G-1 high-altitude fighter, powered by the

1371:

over the Channel while blocking the Channel to British shipping. The Germans referred to this phase, of what became the

910:

joined them, under the command of JG 51. Stab/JG 26 had four Bf 109s on strength (three operational), I.

7977:

Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 1—Vorkriegszeit und Einsatz über Polen—1934 bis 1939

3360:

In an unusual mission, on 26 April 1945, 12 Fw 190s from JG 26 under the command of Hans Dortenmann escorted

3293: 2655: 1604:; JG 26 made 13 claims but 8 remained unconfirmed. Twenty four hours later, Ebbighausen was killed in action with 611:

had received the newer Bf 109 E-1 which was highest performing fighter aircraft in the world at the time. I.

2545:

campaign ensured the German navy could no longer alter the course of the war. On the Eastern Front, the defeat at the

2202:

Fw 190(A-5) of the World Heritage Collection (June 2012)—the 190 was main fighter of JG 26 from late 1941 to 1945

1684:

lacked sufficient pilots and aircraft to maintain a constant presence over England. Commanders demanded three to four

2778:

were so low that they were ordered to parallel the bomber stream and attack only unescorted bombers on that day. I.

1859:. 7./JG 26 achieved successes in Africa but during August–September the unit suffered serviceability problems. 9019: 8423:

A Documentary History of Every Enemy Aircraft Brought Down Over the United Kingdom, September 1939 – 14 August 1940

3329:

toward Berlin. JG 26 carried out s small number of attacks against them, and on the British Army as it neared

2171:. Only five of the original eighteen Swordfish crew survived. Fighter Command lost eight fighters in aerial combat— 1863:

routinely reported on the unit's location and orders. On 24 September 1941 it left Africa, never to return. In the

9264: 8888: 7627:

Royal Air Force Fighter Command Losses of the Second World War: Operational losses: Aircraft and crews, 1939–1941

1982: 1065:

a day later. Over the 15–17 May a further eight victory claims were granted to JG 26 pilots in battles over

977: 938: 7981:

The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 1—Pre-War Period and Action over Poland—1934 to 1939

7646:

Royal Air Force Fighter Command Losses of the Second World War: Operational Losses: Aircraft and crews 1942–1943

2179:

April 1942 continued with Fighter Command continuing the daylight offensive while Bomber Command stepped up the

1839:

destroyed three Yugoslav aircraft, but were back to operating from Malta by 8 April, until 31 May when based at

3325:. The following day JG 26 conducted a general withdrawal toward Hamburg as the Americans advanced through 2820: 2314:

organised a test group to experiment with air-to-air rockets and heavy calibre cannon to remedy the situation.

8720: 3233: 3105:

retained a sizeable cadre of experienced pilots and enjoyed higher morale more than some other units. In the

2191: 1759: 469: 3309:

and its Fw 190 Ds received bombs and bomb racks; from this point they were a purely ground-attack

1488:

From 1 to 11 August, two Bf 109s were lost and one pilot was killed; three claims were granted to III.

1444: 194:

martyr, arrested and executed by the French for sabotage in 1923. The wing fought predominantly against the

2562: 2293: 545: 293: 9171: 3372: 3249:. On 25 February, three claims were made in exchange for seven killed and one wounded—one in action with 245:, and along with the rest of the Luftwaffe fighter force, was worn down over Western Europe combating the 2827: 2788: 1864: 1449: 1350:'s overtures for a peace settlement and the Nazi leadership resolved to invade Britain as a last resort. 744:

reconnaissance aircraft. The battle ended in the two Bf 109s being brought down with no loss to the

281: 8324:

British Intelligence in the Second World War. Volume 3, Part 2: Its Influence on Strategy and Operations

330:(wing formation) was the largest homogenous flying formation. It typically was made up of three groups ( 9220: 8830: 3444: 3277:; 10 American fighters were claimed, but whether these were granted to pilots as a victory is unknown. 3228: 2905:

had been ordered to keep attacking that sector. Main targets were tanks and motor traffic. I. and III.

2796: 2705: 2690:

employed similar tactics, waiting for the US escorts to leave before beginning a 30-minute attack near

2631: 1816: 1361: 530: 3434:

of JG 132 was recreated from elements of JG 234 which then became JG 26 on 1 May 1939.

2579:

visited Schöpfel several times to assure himself that his former command had not declined in quality.

1273:

flew escort missions on the 8 June. Three of Galland's pilots were lost; two were killed and a third,

1152:

Spitfires attacking German bombers without loss. The following day, Stab/JG 26, with an attached

8697: 4034: 2663: 2650:

were scrambled by Walter Grabmann, a pre-war JG 26 group commander, and then Jafü-Holland, from

2534: 2397: 2289:

lasted up until 5 February 1943. Five JG 26 Fw 190s were lost this way on 21 January 1943.

2236:, fighter escort and air-superiority missions. The exact number of Spitfires lost to the Fw 190 1577:

ran into 64 Squadron and depleted their fuel and ammunition and were not in a position to assist the

1299: 1042: 850: 246: 206: 2893:

on 1 August. On 28 July the German army recognised the American point of effort near Saint-Lo. III.

885: 573:

of JG 234 were placed under the command of JG 132 and were then referred to as I. and II.

8541:

A History of the Mediterranean Air War, 1940–1945: North African Desert, February 1942 – March 1943

3141: 2733:, JG 26, loaned JG 3 experienced Bf 109 pilots to fill its ranks because of losses. 2488: 1779: 1571:

11 Group, ignored powerful fighter patrols intended to clear the sky before the bombers. Galland's

1291: 2770:. The American-led operation was a series of attacks against German fighter production. All three 2210:

on 21 July 1942 and replaced by Conny Meyer. In August 1942 the British and Canadians carried out

2148:

forces were slow to react, but appeared just as JG 2 handed over responsibility to Schöpfel.

1551:

and claimed six (actual losses were three). JG 26 fought in the actions on 15 August, called

732:

was the first leader of 9./JG 26. JG 26 claimed a first victory on 28 September, when a

3364: 3033: 2985: 2722: 2694:

claiming four but losing one and three more Bf 109s damaged against the unescorted bombers.

2105: 1416: 258: 227: 550:(headquarters unit) was formed on 1 November 1938 in Düsseldorf and placed under the command of 3284:

on 25 March requesting volunteers for conversion onto the Messerschmitt Me 262. 58 pilots from

3110: 2989: 2967: 1884: 1824: 1763: 1568: 1339: 1054: 784: 277: 4354: 2737: 2612:

Hans Hartigs, whose comments were captured on tape in his bugged cell in England in late 1944:

2084: 2077: 1705:) operations became prominent in October and November as the bombers turned to night bombing ( 835: 9188: 8301: 7934: 7912: 7763: 3216: 3018: 2587:. From June to July 1943, the pace of aerial fighting increased. The Eighth Air Force began " 2172: 2041: 1643: 1235:

operation against 242 airfields, aircraft factories and industrial centres. Stab, I. and II.

965: 582: 179: 171: 125: 8738: 7823: 3996: 3562: 3404: 3037: 2495:

on 29 June after the death of the previous commander and left within twenty four hours. The

2280:

being 10./JG 26s area of operations, while the experienced 13./JG 2 operated over

1140:

began against the encircled Allied armies. The Luftwaffe fighter wings usually patrolled in

765: 301: 8725: 8715: 3387: 3289: 2975:

commander had to fly one mission per two days, and each wing commander one per three days.

2792: 2643: 2592: 2546: 2301: 2249: 2149: 2121: 2053: 2020: 1981:

From January to June 1941, JG 2 and JG 26 were supported by other fighter wings.

1896: 1860: 1605: 1548: 1465: 1188: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1101: 1050: 1030: 1026: 1018: 503: 435:(Commander in Chief of the Luftwaffe), foresaw the creation of two light fighter groups in 250: 7783:

Bodenplatte: The Luftwaffe's Last Hope-The Attack on Allied Airfields, New Year's Day 1945

3073:. There, the Fw 190 A-8 and A-9s were replaced by 55 Fw 190 D-9s. The 2910: 2721:

an average strength of 380 heavy bombers and eight fighter groups; on 6 November 1943 the

2472:. The group returned to Germany soon afterwards and was not involved in the Kursk battle. 8: 8862: 8522:

A History of the Mediterranean Air War 1940–1945: North Africa, June 1940 – February 1942

8404:

The Battle of Britain (Royal Air Force Official Narratives: Air Defence of Great Britain)

3640: 3415:

occurred the following morning. Götz surrendered JG 26 to the British at Flensburg.

3274: 3270: 3250: 3150: 3114: 3009: 2922: 2813: 2671: 2164: 2012: 1848: 1784: 1655: 1538: 1265: 1184: 1149: 1022: 1014: 949: 773: 352: 262: 232: 8769: 4316: 3522: 2424: 1670: 729: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9139: 9134: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9039: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8784: 8293: 3254: 3106: 3053:, a grass airfield near Münster to Fürstenau. Both remained there until March 1945. I. 3046: 3005: 2926: 2800: 2767: 2726: 2667: 2575: 2526: 2369: 2344: 1900: 1678:

In September tiredness and a decline in morale began to affect the fighter pilots. The

1351: 713: 693: 559: 462: 444: 3354: 1477:

and JG 26 was stood down for a week until sufficient strength could be built for

1132:

located to Neerhespen-Landed on 18 May, but had moved further forward to operate over

1002: 997:. The following day, no reported contact was made with any enemy aircraft. Stab, III. 384:

were described with their number (1./JG 26). The wing could be subordinated to a

9029: 9024: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8608: 8582: 8563: 8544: 8525: 8506: 8487: 8468: 8449: 8446:

Jagdgeschwader 27 The Documentation on the Deployment on all Fronts from 1939 to 1945

8426: 8407: 8388: 8369: 8350: 8331: 8305: 8279: 8257: 8235: 8213: 8182: 8159: 8140: 8121: 8102: 8083: 8064: 8060: 8041: 8022: 8003: 7984: 7961: 7942: 7920: 7898: 7879: 7871: 7857: 7849: 7835: 7819: 7805: 7786: 7767: 7744: 7725: 7706: 7687: 7668: 7649: 7630: 7608: 7586: 7567: 7548: 7529: 7510: 7491: 7483: 7468: 7449: 7430: 7411: 7389: 3660: 3482: 3392: 3242: 3179: 3130:

superiority was not achieved, the Luftwaffe was still contesting it by nightfall. I.

2854:

Priller and his wingman were the only two pilots to attack the beaches; in this case

2847: 2716:

was held in reserve at Lille, but was unable to intercept the returning disorganised

2635: 2622: 2405: 2310: 2292:

In 1942, JG 1, 2 and 26 began to experience a new opponent on the Channel Front. The

2233: 1996: 1989: 1965: 1959: 1832: 1798: 1582: 1474: 1372: 1343: 1232: 1137: 960:, several others were reported damaged. Eight Dutch aircraft, some from 2-1 and 1–2, 948:

opened on 10 May 1940. JG 26 flew cover for the invasion of the Netherlands and

878: 854: 823: 800: 733: 627: 483: 443:. Göring had planned for these two groups, initially organized under the designation 358: 254: 218: 210: 2774:

were involved in the defensive effort. By 25 February, the strength of II. and III.

2065: 1651: 424: 364: 9204: 8974: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8870: 8774: 8759: 4464: 4431: 4366: 4211: 4171: 4156: 4093: 4081: 4061: 4046: 3981: 3936: 3730: 3718: 3261: 3172: 2879: 2596: 2566: 2555: 2538: 2461: 2428: 2365: 2297: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2156: 1888: 1828: 1355: 1212: 1161: 981: 973: 900: 815: 776: 745: 737: 343: 242: 235: 214: 167: 83: 1017:

made contact with the Luftwaffe for the first time on 13 May, against JG 26.

9234: 8679: 3785: 3745: 3620: 3342: 3241:

in all but name, lost 15 pilots killed in only two missions. JG 26 resisted

3062: 2993: 2469: 2449: 2385: 2112: 2024: 2008: 1904:

These were followed by "Rodeo" and "Ramrod" operations . Mallory was revisiting

1738: 1609: 1597: 1228: 1124: 1086: 814:

from other wings. From 1 September 1939 to 9 May 1940, JG 26 lost one pilot

741: 476: 297: 93: 3381: 933: 891:(ZG 26—26th Destroyer Wing) provided air superiority support. II. and III. 396:(Flying Corps, Division and Fighter Division) all of which were subordinated to 9196: 8730: 8596: 8442:

Jagdgeschwader 27 Die Dokumentation über den Einsatz an allen Fronten 1939–1945

8099:

Luftwaffe Fighter Aces: The Jadgflieger and their Combat Tactics and Techniques

7403: 4419: 4399: 3146: 3098: 2963: 2942: 2751: 2550: 2224: 2168: 2160: 2152: 2032: 1917: 1905: 1694: 1601: 1589: 1552: 1331: 1274: 826:. The pilots were credited with four confirmed and four unconfirmed victories. 685: 195: 97: 1256:

from JG 26. The appointment would prove to be a significant event in the

9277: 8779: 8764: 8751: 8689: 8684: 8669: 8319: 8271: 8249: 7622: 7600: 3969: 3542: 3502: 3368: 3220: 3164: 3008:

losing three pilots while Priller claimed his 101st victory over an isolated

2816:'s command for the invasion and the Combined Bomber Offensive was suspended. 2783: 2717: 2584: 2480: 2476: 2357: 2306: 2300:

began carrying out bombing operations over France and the Low Countries. The

2145: 2133: 2073: 2044: 2016: 1937: 1929: 1659: 1578: 1335: 1282: 1249: 1245: 1196: 1078: 709: 697: 623: 616: 499: 377: 222: 146: 142: 3086: 511: 334:). Each group contained approximately 30 to 40 aircraft in three squadrons ( 8789: 4497: 3600: 3032:

Focke-Wulf Fw 190 D-13/R11, "Yellow 10," Wk. Nr. 836017 from the

3022: 2871: 2600: 2361: 2245: 2137: 2129: 2125: 1892: 1876: 1867:, 7./JG 26 claimed 52 enemy aircraft but did not lose a single pilot. 1789: 1746: 1721:

flew in support of a 300-aircraft mission against Fighter Command targets.

1459: 1347: 1113: 957: 874: 866: 862: 846: 842: 788: 645: 238:

in 1941 and 1942, with considerable tactical success. In 1943 it faced the

175: 63: 1875:

The bulk of JG 26 remained on the Channel coast under the command of

1298:. Handrick was given command of JG 26 on 24 June, two days after the 972:

into Belgium on 11 May, screened by three groups of French fighters, four

8746: 8702: 8674: 8227: 8205: 4620: 4608: 4191: 3765: 3698: 3346: 3302: 3078: 3066: 2855: 2698: 2675: 2651: 2626: 2211: 2061: 1970: 1933: 1924:

2. At the beginning of 1941 Galland had three experienced and successful

1909: 1742: 1456:

JG 26 took part in its first action on 24 July and lost two pilots.

858: 819: 717: 450:(JG 234–234th Fighter Wing), to become operational on 1 April 1937. 183: 8860: 7975:

Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2000).

7665:

Luftwaffe fighter-bombers over Britain the tip and run campaign, 1942-43

4586: 4584: 4582: 2886: 2862:

flew strafing attacks against Allied infantry from "dawn to dusk". III.

2120:

1942 began with Galland planning and executing the air superiority plan

895:

operated over the Netherlands in the first days, with the attached III.

209:

and the outbreak of World War II. In May and June 1940 it served in the

6613: 3203: 2867: 2588: 2396:

in February when the Soviets began to eliminate German forces from the

2393: 2198: 2069: 1564: 1378: 1241: 870: 769: 596: 202: 8539:

Shores, Christopher F.; Massimello, Giovanni; Guest, Russell (2012b).

8520:

Shores, Christopher F.; Massimello, Giovanni; Guest, Russell (2012a).

8465:

Convoy Peewit: August 8, 1940: The First Day of the Battle of Britain?

8137:

Analysis Of German Operation Art Failures, The Battle Of Britain, 1940

3321:

was scattered across several airfields, but was ordered officially to

3081:, an able fighter pilot with 166 aerial victories to his credit. III. 2947: 2819:

In June 1944, JG 2 and JG 26 was to form the nucleus of the

2621:

Early model P-47 pilots practiced the dive and zoom at high altitude.

1057:

occurred further south. The Dutch capitulated that day, permitting I.

440: 8874: 8038:

Bader's Last Fight: An In-Depth Investigation of a Great WWII Mystery

6769: 5597: 5435: 4579: 4144: 3376: 3159: 2959: 2930: 2890: 2281: 2037: 1706: 1664: 1062: 1038: 1034: 1010: 969: 953: 945: 689: 632: 587: 309: 266: 187: 73: 2913:

on 7 August, but the mission failed due to insufficient forces. II.

2155:, acting as Squadron Leader, No. 825 Squadron FAA took off with his 6144: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6119: 3326: 3171:

scrambled to intercept US Eighth Air Force heavy bombers attacking

3117:, began strafing German motor columns, destroying seven trucks. I. 2763: 2500: 2445: 2381: 2335: 2219: 2206:

A main change of command occurred when Joachim Müncheberg left II.

2015:

supported by Fighter Command applied greater pressure in the West.

1803: 1480: 1420: 1368: 1307: 1216: 1168: 1109: 1082: 1049:

engaged in air combat destroying a section of four Hurricanes from

923: 779:

bomber. The night fighter unit 10.(Nacht)/JG 26 fought in the

669: 6841: 6560: 6512: 6399: 4874: 4862: 3191: 3121:

engaged the P-38s, which had claimed seven German fighters around

2348:

latter type remained the preference among western theatre pilots.

1815:, and elements of the support ground personnel, were relocated to 7131: 7059: 6858: 6856: 6070: 6068: 3126: 3004:. They were attacked from above by US fighters from the 56th and 2951: 2674:, three RAF squadrons and bomber crews accounted for the others. 2530: 2327: 1831:

on 6 April. In support of this invasion, the pilots attacked the

1820: 1323: 1260:

history. On 7 June Fighter Command sent meagre reinforcements to

1133: 1094: 1074: 994: 985: 661: 231:. JG 26 remained in France and Belgium fighting against the 7760:

Their Finest Hours: Narratives of the Raf and Luftwaffe in Ww II

6430: 6428: 6426: 6363: 6327: 6135: 6116: 6104: 5483: 5459: 795:

had replaced the E-1 until autumn, 1940. On 10 February 1940 I.

8019:

Spitfire Ace of Aces: The True Wartime Story of Johnnie Johnson

7071: 6948: 5375: 3412: 3330: 3070: 3050: 2929:. The situation in Normandy was critical for the Wehrmacht the 2736:

During the year, JG 26 lost Johannes Seifert, Seifert and

2691: 2542: 2409: 2319: 2277: 2256: 2215: 1856: 1840: 1823:

in Apulia on 5 April 1941. 7/JG 26 flew in support of the

1775: 1685: 1647: 1393: 1327: 1311: 1070: 592: 8577:

Shores, Christopher; Foreman, John; Ehrengardt, Chris (1992).

7526:

The Battle of Britain, 1945-1965: The Air Ministry and the Few

6853: 6572: 6536: 6411: 6065: 4811: 3337:

was disbanded at Stade, and handed its aircraft to I. and II.

3145:

Gun camera footage shot from a P-51 Mustang Mark III flown by

2946:

flew strafing missions against US armoured formations between

1191:. The British formations were too far apart which allowed two 591:

who was executed by the French for sabotage and then became a

33: 9240: 8814: 8810: 8558:

Shores, Christopher F.; Ring, Hans; Hess, William N. (1975).

8078:

Shores, Christopher F.; Cull, Brian; Malizia, Nicola (1987).

7191: 6423: 6387: 6339: 6315: 6291: 5867: 5833: 5831: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5242: 4763: 4644: 3322: 3285: 3122: 3028: 2958:

fought its first major battle since its return on this date.

2937:

and III./JG 54 rested for two days to recover, but III.

2898: 2604: 2457: 2218:

harbour. Fighter, Command and Coastal Commands supported the

1793: 1524: 1261: 1097: 1066: 927: 677: 673: 265:. It continued to fight up to the unconditional surrender of 239: 7564:

The Story of the Spitfire: An Operational and Combat History

7408:

The Most Dangerous Enemy: A History of the Battle of Britain

7363: 7361: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7339: 7306: 7304: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7292: 7290: 7288: 7286: 7284: 7282: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7274: 7239: 7215: 7203: 7179: 7155: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6829: 6793: 6781: 6757: 6745: 6733: 6721: 6685: 6673: 6661: 6649: 6488: 6476: 6452: 6303: 6092: 6080: 5524: 5522: 5495: 5259: 5257: 5184: 5182: 5109: 5107: 5082: 5080: 4935: 4933: 4840: 4838: 2252:

leader was captured after being shot down by a Fw 190.

1792:, for actions against the strategically important island of 7895:

To Win The Winter Sky: Air War over the Ardennes, 1944-1945

7822:(2011). "Generalfeldmarschall Robert Ritter von Greim". In 7337: 7335: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7327: 7325: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7272: 7270: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7262: 7260: 7258: 7256: 7254: 6975: 6625: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6440: 6375: 5980: 5978: 5792: 5507: 5029: 3396: 2838: 2782:, the strongest in JG 26, did succeed in downing four 2666:, brother of Adolf Galland, who fell in combat with the US 2323: 2273: 2003: 1807: 1596:, escorted by other fighter units damaged the airfields at 1593: 1528: 1354:

could not begin until air superiority over the Channel and

764:

Ernst Freiherr von Berg on 31 October, while on 7 November

665: 191: 8425:. Luftwaffe Crash Archive. Vol. I. London: Red Kite. 8210:

The Luftwaffe: Creating the Operational Air War, 1918–1940

8000:

The Battle of Britain: Dowding and the First Victory, 1940

7095: 7083: 7011: 6921: 6897: 6279: 6267: 6255: 6243: 6207: 6195: 6183: 6171: 6161: 6159: 6157: 5879: 5843: 5828: 5744: 5638: 5636: 5411: 4891: 4889: 2638:. Airfields in the Pas de Calais were bombed but only two 968:, were claimed shot down. The Allied armies enacted their 457:

of JG 234 was created from the redesignation of III.

439:

IV, a territorial Luftwaffe unit with its headquarters in

272:

Elements of JG 26 served in other theatres. A single

8448:] (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag. 6965: 6963: 6938: 6936: 6868: 6601: 6351: 5684: 5672: 5519: 5324: 5254: 5218: 5206: 5179: 5104: 5077: 5065: 5041: 4957: 4945: 4930: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4901: 4835: 4823: 4751: 4729: 4727: 4702: 4700: 4685: 4675: 4673: 4671: 2519: 2437: 2272:. The imbalance of the raids was noticed by the British; 1847:

was ordered to North Africa to support the fight against

1104:

are known to have fallen in combat with JG 26. III.

716:, but was equipped with obsolete Bf 109 Ds and 569:

IV (Air District Command). Also, on this day, I. and II.

565:(JG 132–132nd Fighter Wing) and was subordinated to 7316: 7251: 7167: 7143: 7119: 6999: 6987: 6817: 6805: 6709: 6697: 6637: 6584: 6524: 6500: 6464: 6002: 5990: 5975: 5963: 5951: 5939: 5915: 5816: 5770: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5341: 5339: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5167: 5155: 5053: 2889:

area against American tank and motor convoys as well as

1085:. From 18 May, it supported Army Group A's drive to the 205:

period guarding Germany's western borders following the

8175:

The Art of Wing Leadership and Aircrew Morale in Combat

7974: 7856:. New York: Nautical & Aviation Pub Co of America. 7227: 6219: 6154: 6053: 5804: 5660: 5633: 5551: 5549: 5534: 5471: 5423: 4886: 4632: 4626: 4614: 4590: 3202:

leaders were among them. A further 21 were wounded. On

615:

was commanded by Gotthard Handrick. Handrick served in

7958:

The Hardest Day: The Battle of Britain: 18 August 1940

7684:

Phoenix Triumphant; The Rise and Rise of the Luftwaffe

7107: 7047: 7035: 7023: 6960: 6933: 6909: 6548: 6019: 6017: 5855: 5780: 5732: 5312: 5230: 5131: 4981: 4913: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4739: 4724: 4712: 4697: 4668: 4542: 4540: 4525: 2516:, it made no impression on the course of the air war. 2326:

injection. The Fw 190A-3 was introduced with improved

1709:) with London the main target. On 20 October 1940, in 1667:

could have increased flying time by 30 or 40 minutes.

1322:

The capitulation of the Netherlands, Belgium, France,

1093:

was credited with 12 enemy aircraft on the day in the

9218: 8158:. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 9. London: Osprey. 6041: 5927: 5903: 5761: 5708: 5696: 5609: 5585: 5573: 5561: 5447: 5399: 5387: 5363: 5336: 5293: 5281: 5119: 4969: 4656: 4569: 4567: 4552: 3134:

committed 23 Fw 190s to cover Army Group B; the

2874:, the two best equipped airfields in the region. II. 1112:

while the recently attached III./JG 27 moved to

362:(Group Commanders). Each squadron was commanded by a 9294:

Military units and formations disestablished in 1945

8232:

Wolfram von Richthofen: Master of the German Air War

8118:

The Rise and fall of the German Air Force: 1933-1945

7939:

The Last Year of the Luftwaffe: May 1944 to May 1945

7834:] (in German). Primus Verlag. pp. 343–350. 7543:

Cull, Brian; Lander, Bruce; Weiss, Heinrich (1999).

6231: 6029: 5648: 5621: 5546: 5351: 5143: 5092: 5017: 4993: 4850: 4596: 3407:

that weather made the transfer impossible. On 7 May

1269:

accepted by the Luftwaffe. Galland's command and I.

1227:. On this date all three flew as fighter escort for 257:

and served as a "tactical" or frontline unit during

6885: 6014: 5891: 5720: 5194: 4537: 3385:. During the meeting, Hitler promoted von Greim to 2109:after the death of Mölders. Schöpfel replaced him. 1494:. In the action of 8 August above Convoy Peewi the 1409:Kingdom would end in a swift victory. II. and III. 1244:to support Army Group B and its advance across the 1120:, under JG 51, transferred to Antwerp 23 May. 518:had numerous commanders during its creation phase, 8120:. London: The National Archives (United Kingdom). 5005: 4564: 3379:. The two were on a journey to meet Hitler in the 3349:, claiming three Soviet fighters without loss. I. 2762:The temporary victory ended in February 1944 with 2448:on 9 May and participated in the build-up for the 2392:Fighting broke out near III./JG 54's base on 2132:battleships and one heavy cruiser to Germany from 1936:and Schöpfel. Müncheberg and the recently arrived 1448:JG 26 Bf 109 E-3, displayed at the 1123:The breakthrough at Sedan on 13 May permitted the 1001:and III./JG 3 moved near the Dutch border at 541:Herwig Knüppel, who took command on 28 June 1939. 9289:Military units and formations established in 1939 8177:. Education and Research Cadre Papers No.11. US: 8080:Air War for Yugoslavia, Greece and Crete: 1940–41 8077: 8059:. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 2. London, UK: 8057:Bf 109 Aces of North Africa and the Mediterranean 7983:] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. 7386:The Battle of Britain: An Epic Conflict Revisited 5489: 5465: 5441: 5269: 1392:returned to France on 15 July at Audembert, near 217:. From July 1940 it operated over England in the 9275: 8607:] (in German). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. 8347:Fortress Malta: An Island Under Siege, 1940–1943 7488:The Luftwaffe over Germany: Defence of the Reich 3013:lost five of their number before escaping. III. 1891:in January 1941. The German-led invasion of the 1592:the bombers were forced to abandon the mission. 1537:suffered on loss and claimed two in action with 644:, formed 23 days into the war, was placed under 537:Werner Palm (1 October 1938 – 27 June 1939) and 7542: 4880: 4868: 4817: 4769: 2491:. Mietusch was ordered to take command of III. 2159:formation to attack the ships. Squadron Leader 1753: 1741:machine. Individuals like Galland, Mölders and 1639:began to attack military objectives in London. 1223:were detached, leaving JG 26 with its own 829: 346:. In some cases a wing could be given a fourth 7629:. Vol. I. Leicester: Midland Publishing. 7481: 6862: 6847: 6619: 6578: 6566: 6542: 6518: 6434: 6417: 6405: 6393: 6381: 6369: 6345: 6333: 6321: 6297: 6148: 6129: 2248:was among the notable British casualties. the 1977:. He force-landed in England and was captured. 941:, similar to those flown by JG 26 in 1940 8846: 8638: 3036:, Phoenix, Arizona, c. 1995. It was flown by 2841:for improved high-altitude performance. III. 1969:The captured Bf 109 F-2 piloted by 1766:. On 22 January 1941, Müncheberg, leading 7. 1334:facing hostile coastlines from Norway to the 1281:lost one Bf 109 but accounted for seven 1248:from 4 June. The following morning Hauptmann 810:wing, JG 26 took operational control of 554:Eduard Ritter von Schleich. On this day, the 506: B series in May 1938. In parallel, II. 8605:Fighter Pilots The great Enemies of the Past 8484:Messerschmitt Bf 109: The Operational Record 8276:Air Battle for Dunkirk, 26 May - 3 June 1940 7876:Strategy for Defeat: The Luftwaffe 1933–1945 7662: 6110: 6098: 6086: 6074: 1732: 1725: 1716: 1710: 1698: 1679: 1642:The climax of the campaign was later called 1634: 1628: 1622: 1616: 1612:, claiming nine for the loss of two pilots. 1572: 1556: 1542: 1532: 1518: 1511: 1502: 1495: 1489: 1478: 1457: 1436: 1430: 1424: 1410: 1403: 1397: 1387: 1376: 1359: 1211:Fall Gelb ended, and the final phase of the 1061:to join the main battle. The group moved to 956:. One Bf 109 was lost in combat with a 8254:The Battle of the Airfields: 1 January 1945 8156:Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Aces of the Western Front 7724:. Vol. II. London: Chevron/Ian Allan. 740:II/5 encountered 2./JG 26 escorting a 8853: 8839: 8645: 8631: 8368:. Vol. I. London: Chevron/Ian Allan. 7780: 7757: 7101: 7089: 7077: 6903: 5035: 2978: 1988:(JG 1—1st Fighter Wing), JG 51, 869:outflanked them through lower Belgium and 8366:Luftwaffe at War; Gathering Storm 1933–39 7383: 5173: 5059: 3253:Spitfires the rest in action with the US 2591:" to signal its intention to fulfill the 1396:, a former grain field. It redeployed to 1294:, near Paris on 17 June, and the rest to 952:. JG 26 operated in the vicinity of 201:Formed in May 1939, JG 26 spent the 9284:Fighter wings of the Luftwaffe 1933-1945 8501:Shores, Christopher; Ring, Hans (1969). 8402:James, T. C. G.; Cox, Sebastian (2000). 8234:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 8179:Air University (United States Air Force) 8035: 7917:Battle of Britain Day: 15 September 1940 7722:Luftwaffe at War; Blitzkrieg in the West 7703:Eagle in Flames: Defeat of the Luftwaffe 7504: 7462: 7443: 7424: 7367: 7310: 7245: 7221: 7209: 7197: 7185: 7173: 7161: 7149: 7137: 7125: 7065: 7005: 6993: 6835: 6823: 6811: 6799: 6787: 6775: 6763: 6751: 6739: 6727: 6715: 6703: 6691: 6679: 6667: 6655: 6643: 6595: 6530: 6506: 6494: 6482: 6470: 6458: 6446: 6357: 6309: 6225: 6213: 6201: 6189: 6177: 6165: 5996: 5984: 5873: 5822: 5810: 5786: 5666: 5642: 5603: 5540: 5513: 5501: 5477: 5429: 5417: 5357: 5330: 5318: 5263: 5224: 5212: 5188: 5137: 5113: 5086: 5071: 5047: 4987: 4963: 4951: 4924: 4907: 4844: 4829: 4805: 4793: 4781: 4757: 4745: 4733: 4718: 4706: 4691: 4679: 4662: 4650: 4638: 4602: 4531: 3305:on day two, while form the 3 April, II. 3140: 3027: 2743: 2712:fought against the US escorts, and III. 2197: 2111: 1964: 1737:and was given national attention by the 1669: 1443: 932: 845:. JG 26 was tasked with supporting 502: B and started receiving the first 269:forces in Western Europe on 8 May 1945. 8601:Jagdflieger Die großen Gegner von einst 8172: 7818: 7743:. London: Littlehampton Book Services. 7738: 7719: 7580: 7523: 7233: 5798: 5738: 5654: 5627: 5555: 5405: 5393: 5381: 5306: 5287: 4975: 4246: 2427:, a series of local withdrawals in the 756:. Walter Kienitz was replaced as III. 322:Organisation of the Luftwaffe (1933–45) 9276: 8181:Press, College of Aerospace Doctrine. 8134: 8054: 8016: 8002:. London: Cassel Military Paperbacks. 7892: 7870: 7848: 7700: 7681: 7643: 7621: 7599: 7402: 7113: 7053: 7041: 7029: 7017: 6981: 6969: 6954: 6942: 6927: 6915: 6891: 6631: 6607: 6554: 6285: 6273: 6261: 6249: 6047: 6008: 5969: 5957: 5945: 5933: 5921: 5909: 5885: 5861: 5849: 5837: 5774: 5755: 5714: 5702: 5690: 5678: 5615: 5591: 5579: 5567: 5528: 5453: 5369: 5345: 5125: 5098: 5023: 5011: 4939: 4895: 4856: 4546: 4481: 3820: 3423: 3418: 2520:Western Front and Defence of the Reich 1758:JG 26 played a brief role in the 1435:Bf 109s were combat ready and I. 791:armament in the wings, though not all 585:. Schlageter was former member of the 522:Werner Rentsch (15 March – May 1937), 8834: 8626: 8543:. Vol. II. London: Grub Street. 8096: 7955: 7933: 7911: 7878:. Maxwell AFB: Air University Press. 7799: 7663:Goss, Chris; Cornwell, Peter (2003). 7561: 7467:. Vol. II. London: Grub Street. 6879: 6237: 6035: 5726: 5248: 5236: 5200: 5161: 5149: 4573: 4558: 3584: 3579: 2499:left the Soviet Union on 10 July for 2334:In contrast, the Bf 109 was a superb 1588:(KG 2—2nd Bomber Wing). Without 768:claimed the last victory during the " 533:(1 August 1937 – 30 September 1938), 526:Werner Nielsen (May – 31 July 1937), 404:became redundant and the description 356:(wing commander) supporting by three 9247: 8524:. Vol. I. London: Grub Street. 8486:. London: Motorbooks International. 8153: 7648:. Vol. II. Midland Publishing. 7448:. Vol. I. London: Grub Street. 6023: 5897: 2634:. Two days later, the British began 2512:claimed 63 Soviet aircraft, like I. 1774:Schöpfel that he had to relocate to 1317: 822:, three killed in accidents and one 380:, for example I./JG 26, while 8693:(Oak Leaves, Swords & Diamonds) 8440:Ring, Hans; Girbig, Werner (1979). 8406:. Vol. II. London: Routledge. 8115: 7997: 7686:. London: Arms & Armour Press. 6059: 5275: 4999: 3317:flew 30 ground-attack sorties. IV. 3292:for jet training. From 1 April the 2389:offensives which ended on 1 April. 2002:(JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing) and 1561:due to the severity of the losses. 1148:took advantage and destroyed three 884:(JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) and 253:. In 1944, JG 26 resisted the 16:German fighter-wing of World War II 13: 8197: 7509:. Vol. I. London: Stackpole. 3401:German surrender at Lüneburg Heath 3294:Western Allied invasion of Germany 1724:During the Battle of Britain, the 1402:2 once again under the command of 688:. On 1 September 1939, the German 602:On 1 May 1939, the unit was named 14: 9305: 2758:until his death in September 1944 2456:, a series of bombing attacks on 2431:. The authorised strength of the 906:(JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing). I. 748:unit. By 30 September 1939, III. 704:, was killed in an accident. 10. 9256: 9228: 8861: 8798: 8654:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 7781:Manrho, John; Pütz, Ron (2004). 7427:JG 26: Top Guns of the Luftwaffe 2351: 2116:Fw 190 of JG 26, 1942. 1995:(JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing), 1870: 1471:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 56: 32: 8328:Her Majesty's Stationery Office 7376: 5490:Shores, Cull & Malizia 1987 5466:Shores, Cull & Malizia 1987 5442:Shores, Cull & Malizia 1987 3313:. On 7 April, I., II. and III. 2858:. The following day, all three 2483:. Klaus Mietusch commanded the 2452:. It was involved in Operation 2227:from KG 2. The two German 2140:personally at the head of III. 978:RAF Advanced Air Striking Force 651: 408:supplanted it until the use of 315: 8385:Air War Over France, 1939-1940 7528:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 7465:The JG 26 War Diary: 1943–1945 7446:The JG 26 War Diary: 1939–1942 2826:(5th Fighter Division) in the 2656:Schweinfurt–Regensburg mission 2372:. The move would be staged by 1523:escorted Ju 87s from II./ 1296:Vélizy – Villacoublay Air Base 781:Battle of the Heligoland Bight 470:Cologne Butzweilerhof Airfield 433:Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe 1: 8101:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. 7705:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 7585:. Air Research Publications. 5606:, pp. 78, 177, 195, 325. 4881:Cull, Lander & Weiss 1999 4869:Cull, Lander & Weiss 1999 4818:Cull, Lander & Weiss 1999 4770:Cull, Lander & Weiss 1999 4514: 3021:, 357th Fighter Group led by 2023:pilots on 18 June who became 1825:German invasion of Yugoslavia 926:, Bonninghardt, Dortmund and 865:into the Low Countries while 510:of JG 234 was formed in 490:was initially referred to I.( 479:, who handed over command to 312:Boys" after their home base. 8562:. London: Neville Spearman. 8505:. London: Neville Spearman. 7854:The German Air War in Russia 7507:The JG 26 War Diary: 1939–42 7505:Caldwell, Donald L. (2012). 7463:Caldwell, Donald L. (1998). 7444:Caldwell, Donald L. (1996). 7425:Caldwell, Donald L. (1991). 7384:Bergström, Christer (2015). 6778:, pp. 309–310, 315–316. 4519: 3219:. Their target was Brussels- 3000:pulled ahead of Stab and I. 2563:United States Army Air Force 2464:relinquished command of the 2294:United States Army Air Force 1754:Malta, Balkans, North Africa 1745:were publicised, unlike the 1441:had 34 from 38 operational. 1358:was achieved, at the least. 830:France and the Low Countries 429:Reichsminister der Luftfahrt 415: 7: 8212:. Kansas University Press. 7919:. London: Greenhill books. 7804:. London: McWhirter Twins. 7758:Klinkowitz, Jerome (1989). 7566:. London: Greenhill books. 7490:. London: Greenhill Books. 3125:and attacked trains in the 2789:North American P-51 Mustang 1865:Battle of the Mediterranean 1450:Imperial War Museum Duxford 980:, supported by elements of 841:, a fighter command within 834:JG 26 was assigned to 700:pilot, Josef Schubauer, 2. 431:(Minister of Aviation) and 282:Battle of the Mediterranean 10: 9310: 7897:. Pennsylvania: Combined. 7828:Hitlers militärische Elite 6863:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6848:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6620:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6579:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6567:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6543:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6519:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6435:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6418:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6406:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6394:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6382:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6370:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6346:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6334:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6322:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6298:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6149:Caldwell & Muller 2007 6130:Caldwell & Muller 2007 3836:Eduard Ritter von Schleich 3445:Eduard Ritter von Schleich 2797:RAF 2nd Tactical Air Force 2706:Second Raid on Schweinfurt 2632:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol 1362:Oberkommando der Luftwaffe 1108:moved to Beauvechain near 712:unit under the command of 636:Werner Palm commanded II. 531:Eduard Ritter von Schleich 498:and was equipped with the 486:on 11 September 1938. The 472:. Its first commander was 319: 47:15 March 1937 – 8 May 1945 9181: 9172:Ergänzungs-Jagdgeschwader 9148: 8967: 8881: 8807: 8796: 8755:(Oak Leaves & Swords) 8742:(Oak Leaves & Swords) 8698:Wilhelm-Ferdinand Galland 8665: 8349:. London: Miramax Books. 8036:Saunders, Andrew (2007). 7605:Fighter Command 1936–1968 4035:Wilhelm-Ferdinand Galland 3297:against road traffic. I. 2664:Wilhelm-Ferdinand Galland 2535:Combined Bomber Offensive 2083:, JG 1, assigned to 1843:, Greece. On 14 June the 1300:Armistice of 22 June 1940 1219:. On 3 June the attached 851:Battle of the Netherlands 724:were formed to staff the 684:moved from Düsseldorf to 648:Ernst Freiherr von Berg. 400:(Air Fleets). The use of 276:(squadron) served in the 247:Combined Bomber Offensive 207:German invasion of Poland 136: 131: 121: 111: 103: 89: 79: 69: 51: 43: 31: 23: 8503:Fighters over the Desert 8383:Jackson, Robert (1974). 7893:Parker, Danny S (1998). 7739:Jackson, Robert (1983). 7140:, pp. 417, 421–422. 7068:, pp. 413, 415–416. 6957:, pp. 175–176, 246. 6622:, pp. 156, 162–163. 6111:Goss & Cornwell 2003 6099:Goss & Cornwell 2003 6087:Goss & Cornwell 2003 6075:Goss & Cornwell 2003 5384:, pp. 24, 238, 250. 5251:, pp. 81–83, 86–92. 3430:On 1 November 1938, the 2917:was one of four rebuilt 2595:. The appearance of the 2489:non-commissioned officer 2460:rail targets on 2 June. 2128:, a redeployment of two 2068:sets were employed from 1851:under the command of I. 1788:(General of the Flyers) 1292:Saint-Remy-sous-Barbuise 720:fighters. 7., 8. and 9. 8813:. Knight's Cross with 8581:. London: Grub Street. 8467:. London: Grub Street. 8463:Saunders, Andy (2010). 8345:Holland, James (2003). 8278:. London: Grub Street. 8256:. London: Grub Street. 8082:. London: Grub Street. 8040:. London: Grub Street. 7800:Mason, Francis (1969). 7644:Franks, Norman (1998). 7547:. London: Grub Street. 7524:Campion, Garry (2015). 7429:. New York: Ivy Books. 7410:. London: Aurum Press. 4430:17 September 1944 4280:Ernst Freiherr von Berg 3980:18 September 1941 3365:Robert Ritter von Greim 3210:reported that three I. 3034:Champlin Fighter Museum 2986:Operation Market Garden 2979:Final battles to VE Day 2723:Lockheed P-38 Lightning 2183:by night. The American 2181:area bombing offensives 2106:General der Jagdflieger 2019:and Galland downed two 1782:, under the command of 1417:Marquise, Pas-de-Calais 857:, which encouraged the 368:(squadron leader). The 259:Operation Market Garden 228:General der Jagdflieger 190:member, and posthumous 8482:Scutts, Jerry (1996). 8421:Parker, Nigel (2013). 8364:Hooton, E.R. (2007a). 8173:Zentner, John (2001). 8055:Scutts, Jerry (1994). 8017:Sarkar, Dilip (2011). 7956:Price, Alfred (2010). 7832:Hitlers Military Elite 7785:. Ottringham: Hikoki. 7720:Hooton, E.R. (2007b). 7701:Hooton, E. R. (1999). 7682:Hooton, E. R. (1994). 7581:Foreman, John (1993). 7102:Manrho & Pütz 2004 7090:Manrho & Pütz 2004 7078:Manrho & Pütz 2004 6904:Manrho & Pütz 2004 4155:3 September 1944 4092:25 November 1943 3229:Vistula–Oder Offensive 3154: 3111:428th Fighter Squadron 3041: 2990:Bernard Law Montgomery 2968:315th Fighter Squadron 2759: 2619: 2203: 2144:. Fighter Command and 2117: 1978: 1954:had the F-4 while II. 1885:Trafford Leigh-Mallory 1764:North African Campaign 1733: 1726: 1717: 1711: 1699: 1680: 1675: 1635: 1629: 1623: 1617: 1573: 1569:Air Officer Commanding 1557: 1543: 1533: 1519: 1512: 1503: 1496: 1490: 1479: 1458: 1453: 1437: 1431: 1425: 1411: 1404: 1398: 1388: 1377: 1360: 1340:Battle of the Atlantic 942: 818:, one interned in the 785:Carl-Alfred Schumacher 656:On 25 August 1939, I. 342:could field 90 to 120 278:North African Campaign 8560:Fighters over Tunisia 8387:. London: Ian Allan. 8302:Naval Institute Press 8298:The Blitzkrieg Legend 8135:Turner, John (2014). 7941:. London: Greenhill. 7764:Iowa State University 7667:. London: Stackpole. 7482:Caldwell, Donald L.; 4653:, pp. 8, 10 325. 3373:Rechlin–Lärz Airfield 3217:Operation Bodenplatte 3206:the war diary of II. 3144: 3031: 3019:363d Fighter Squadron 2988:under the command of 2747: 2614: 2404:went east to support 2201: 2115: 1968: 1833:airfield at Podgorica 1712:Unternehmen Opernball 1673: 1644:Battle of Britain Day 1447: 1330:in mid-1940 left the 1314:victory celebration. 1252:took command of III. 1027:Boulton Paul Defiants 1019:Supermarine Spitfires 966:Royal Dutch Air Force 936: 583:Albert Leo Schlageter 288:(group) and a single 221:under the command of 180:Albert Leo Schlageter 178:. It was named after 126:Albert Leo Schlageter 8726:Johann-Hermann Meier 8716:Karl-Wilhelm Hofmann 8097:Spick, Mike (2011). 8021:. Stroud: Amberley. 7388:. Oxford: Casemate. 7200:, pp. 444, 451. 7080:, pp. 187, 190. 6984:, pp. 244, 246. 6634:, pp. 224, 230. 5876:, pp. 195, 325. 5758:, pp. 130, 132. 5504:, pp. 108, 115. 5444:, pp. 149, 362. 4045:17 August 1943 3935:16 August 1940 3399:canal on 4 May. The 3388:Generalfeldmarschall 3290:German Cross in Gold 3198:commanders and five 2793:VIII Fighter Command 2644:B-17 Flying Fortress 2593:Pointblank directive 2547:Battle of Stalingrad 2468:and was replaced by 2419:On 5 and 7 March I. 2302:B-17 Flying Fortress 2150:Lieutenant Commander 2122:Operation Donnerkeil 2054:No. 616 Squadron RAF 2021:No. 145 Squadron RAF 1897:Operation Barbarossa 1466:Messerschmitt Me 262 1203:plus three attached 1136:from 24 May, as the 1102:No. 253 Squadron RAF 1051:No. 504 Squadron RAF 1031:No. 264 Squadron RAF 937:Bf 109 E, 577:of JG 132. The 504:Messerschmitt Bf 109 468:on 15 March 1937 at 251:Defence of the Reich 8294:Frieser, Karl-Heinz 8154:Weal, John (1996). 7824:Ueberschär, Gerd R. 7802:Battle over Britain 7562:Delve, Ken (2007). 7248:, pp. 475–480. 7224:, pp. 367–368. 7212:, pp. 455–474. 7188:, pp. 437–439. 7020:, pp. 267–268. 6930:, pp. 175–176. 6882:, pp. 109–112. 6850:, pp. 240–241. 6838:, pp. 349–355. 6802:, pp. 322–326. 6790:, pp. 316–320. 6766:, pp. 265–296. 6754:, pp. 269–270. 6742:, pp. 268–269. 6730:, pp. 266–267. 6694:, pp. 231–232. 6682:, pp. 228–229. 6670:, pp. 226–227. 6658:, pp. 195–224. 6569:, pp. 135–137. 6521:, pp. 111–112. 6497:, pp. 134–140. 6485:, pp. 132–133. 6461:, pp. 113–131. 6408:, pp. 88, 123. 6312:, pp. 285–317. 6288:, pp. 209–261. 6276:, pp. 147–159. 6264:, pp. 159–165. 6252:, pp. 166–192. 6113:, pp. 323–324. 6062:, pp. 196–198. 5888:, pp. 115–116. 5852:, pp. 111–112. 5840:, pp. 110–111. 5801:, pp. 102–103. 5693:, pp. 118–119. 5681:, pp. 105–119. 5531:, pp. 107–108. 5516:, pp. 115–121. 5164:, pp. 247–254. 4942:, pp. 263–264. 4883:, pp. 113–138. 4871:, pp. 98, 298. 4629:, pp. 187–188. 4617:, pp. 179–180. 4355:Friedrich Geißhardt 3641:Karl-Heinz Leesmann 3425:Geschwaderkommodore 3419:Commanding officers 3275:406th Fighter Group 3271:366th Fighter Group 3151:No. 65 Squadron RAF 3115:474th Fighter Group 3010:357th Fighter Group 3006:78th Fighter Groups 2923:359th Fighter Group 2852:Geschwaderkommodore 2814:Dwight D Eisenhower 2738:Friedrich Geißhardt 2697:Twelve days later, 2672:353rd Fighter Group 2549:and the failure of 2368:in maintaining the 2345:MG 131 machine guns 2165:No. 72 Squadron RAF 2013:RAF Coastal Command 1928:under his command; 1855:of JG 27 from 1849:Operation Battleaxe 1817:Grottaglie airfield 1785:General der Flieger 1715:(Operation Opera), 1656:Daimler-Benz DB 601 1624:Geschwaderkommodore 1338:. In the west, the 1306:was transferred to 1150:No. 74 Squadron RAF 1138:battle for the port 1023:No. 66 Squadron RAF 1015:RAF Fighter Command 976:squadrons from the 950:Battle of the Hague 887:Zerstörergeschwader 774:No. 56 Squadron RAF 376:was referred to in 353:Geschwaderkommodore 263:Battle of the Bulge 233:RAF Fighter Command 8954:142 "Horst Wessel" 8949:134 "Horst Wessel" 8785:Heinz-Gerhard Vogt 8739:Joachim Müncheberg 7998:Ray, John (2009). 7960:. London: Haynes. 7872:Murray, Williamson 7820:Mitcham, Samuel W. 7607:. Harper Collins. 7545:Twelve Days in May 7484:Muller, Richard R. 7164:, p. 430–435. 6610:, pp. 78–138. 6449:, pp. 97–113. 5420:, pp. 97–102. 4493: • 4460: • 4455:26 September 1944 4442: • 4415: • 4395: • 4377: • 4365:6 April 1943 4350: • 4332: • 4312: • 4294: • 4276: • 4258: • 4227: • 4207: • 4187: • 4167: • 4140: • 4122: • 4104: • 4077: • 4057: • 4030: • 4012: • 3997:Joachim Müncheberg 3992: • 3965: • 3947: • 3922: • 3904: • 3886: • 3868: • 3850: • 3832: • 3801: • 3781: • 3761: • 3741: • 3714: • 3694: • 3676: • 3656: • 3636: • 3616: • 3596: • 3580:Gruppenkommandeure 3558: • 3538: • 3518: • 3498: • 3478: • 3460: • 3440: • 3255:36th Fighter Group 3155: 3107:Battle of St. Vith 3047:Ardennes Offensive 3042: 2927:373d Fighter Group 2801:Operation Overlord 2768:Operation Argument 2760: 2727:55th Fighter Group 2668:56th Fighter Group 2576:Franklin Roosevelt 2527:Battle of the Ruhr 2370:Siege of Leningrad 2204: 2118: 2011:, Bomber Command, 1979: 1958:equipped with the 1901:RAF Bomber Command 1806:. They arrived at 1676: 1454: 1423:respectively. II. 1352:Operation Sea Lion 1342:was taking place. 1043:Battle of Gembloux 943: 922:42 (22), based at 766:Joachim Müncheberg 714:Johannes Steinhoff 694:Invasion of Poland 595:cultivated by the 412:later in the war. 350:. Each wing had a 302:Joachim Müncheberg 9243:Jagdgeschwader 26 9216: 9215: 8828: 8827: 8756: 8743: 8735: 8707: 8694: 8614:978-3-87943-115-1 8588:978-0-948817-42-7 8569:978-0-85435-210-4 8550:978-1-909166-12-7 8531:978-1-908117-07-6 8512:978-0-668-02070-1 8493:978-0-760302-62-0 8474:978-1-906502-67-6 8455:978-3-87943-215-8 8432:978-1-906592-09-7 8413:978-0-7146-8149-8 8394:978-0-7110-0510-5 8375:978-1-903223-71-0 8356:978-1-4013-5186-1 8337:978-0-11-630940-2 8311:978-1-59114-294-2 8285:978-1-904943-43-3 8263:978-1-898697-15-2 8241:978-0-7006-1598-8 8219:978-0-7006-0836-2 8188:978-1-4791-9691-3 8165:978-1-85532-595-1 8146:978-1-78289-751-4 8127:978-1-903365-30-4 8108:978-1-84832-627-9 8089:978-0-948817-07-6 8070:978-1-85532-448-0 8061:Osprey Publishing 8047:978-1-904943-96-9 8028:978-1-4456-0475-6 8009:978-1-4072-2131-1 7990:978-3-923457-54-0 7967:978-1-84425-820-8 7948:978-1-85367-440-2 7926:978-1-85367-375-7 7904:978-0-938289-35-7 7885:978-1-58566-010-0 7863:978-1-877-85313-5 7841:978-3-89678-727-9 7811:978-0-901928-00-9 7792:978-1-902109-40-4 7773:978-0-8138-0122-3 7750:978-0-213-16857-5 7731:978-1-85780-272-6 7712:978-1-85409-343-1 7693:978-1-85409-181-9 7674:978-0-948817-42-7 7655:978-1-85780-075-3 7636:978-1-85780-055-5 7614:978-1-85260-344-1 7592:978-1-871187-22-9 7573:978-1-85367-725-0 7554:978-1-902304-12-0 7535:978-1-349-57415-5 7516:978-0-811710-77-0 7497:978-1-85367-712-0 7474:978-1-898697-86-2 7455:978-1-898697-52-7 7436:978-0-8041-1050-1 7417:978-1-85410-721-3 6372:, pp. 73–74. 6336:, pp. 61–62. 6216:, pp. 95–96. 6204:, pp. 86–87. 6192:, pp. 81–86. 6180:, pp. 66–81. 6151:, pp. 65–66. 6132:, pp. 60–61. 6077:, pp. 71–72. 5972:, pp. 29–44. 5960:, pp. 19–28. 5948:, pp. 91–93. 5924:, pp. 15–18. 5333:, pp. 80–81. 5266:, pp. 71–72. 5239:, pp. 11–12. 5227:, pp. 61–70. 5215:, pp. 60–61. 5191:, pp. 56–61. 5116:, pp. 52–54. 5089:, pp. 48–51. 5074:, pp. 48–50. 5050:, pp. 47–48. 5038:, pp. ix, 3. 5002:, pp. 39–47. 4954:, pp. 37–38. 4910:, pp. 32–37. 4898:, pp. 38–39. 4847:, pp. 28–29. 4832:, pp. 25–27. 4760:, pp. 21–22. 4694:, pp. 11–12. 4627:Prien et al. 2000 4615:Prien et al. 2000 4591:Prien et al. 2000 4561:, pp. 75–76. 4512: 4511: 4479: 4478: 4469:27 September 1944 4449:18 September 1944 4265:23 September 1939 4244: 4243: 4222:22 February 1945 4072:8 September 1943 4001:19 September 1941 3818: 3817: 3729:31 May 1943 3661:Gotthard Handrick 3577: 3576: 3483:Gotthard Handrick 3393:combat air patrol 3333:. On 9 April IV. 3264:, commanding III 3243:Operation Clarion 2911:Operation Lüttich 2848:Normandy landings 2754:, commanded III. 2636:Operation Starkey 2623:Robert S. Johnson 2583:Air Force bombed 2406:Army Group Centre 2311:MG 17 machine gun 2234:close air support 2212:Operation Jubilee 2086:Jagdfliegerführer 2079:Jagdfliegerführer 1973:, commanding II. 1960:Focke-Wulf Fw 190 1926:Gruppenkommandeur 1922:Jagdfliegerführer 1799:Regia Aeronautica 1772:Gruppenkommandeur 1475:Albert Kesselring 1399:Jagdfliegerführer 1373:Battle of Britain 1344:Winston Churchill 1318:Battle of Britain 1233:strategic bombing 918:47 (36) and III. 855:Battle of Belgium 837:Jagdfliegerführer 824:wounded in action 734:Curtiss P-36 Hawk 660:was ordered from 628:Spanish Civil War 484:Gotthard Handrick 359:Gruppenkommandeur 300:(RAF) called the 255:Normandy landings 219:Battle of Britain 211:Battle of Belgium 152: 151: 9301: 9269: 9261: 9260: 9259: 9249: 9233: 9232: 9231: 9224: 8959:234 "Schlageter" 8909:6 "Horst Wessel" 8865: 8855: 8848: 8841: 8832: 8831: 8821: 8802: 8801: 8775:Johannes Seifert 8770:Gerhard Schöpfel 8760:Waldemar Radener 8754: 8741: 8733: 8712: 8705: 8692: 8647: 8640: 8633: 8624: 8623: 8618: 8592: 8579:Fledgling Eagles 8573: 8554: 8535: 8516: 8497: 8478: 8459: 8436: 8417: 8398: 8379: 8360: 8341: 8315: 8289: 8267: 8245: 8223: 8192: 8169: 8150: 8131: 8112: 8093: 8074: 8051: 8032: 8013: 7994: 7971: 7952: 7930: 7908: 7889: 7867: 7845: 7815: 7796: 7777: 7754: 7735: 7716: 7697: 7678: 7659: 7640: 7618: 7596: 7577: 7558: 7539: 7520: 7501: 7478: 7459: 7440: 7421: 7399: 7395:978-1612-00347-4 7371: 7365: 7314: 7308: 7249: 7243: 7237: 7231: 7225: 7219: 7213: 7207: 7201: 7195: 7189: 7183: 7177: 7171: 7165: 7159: 7153: 7147: 7141: 7135: 7129: 7123: 7117: 7111: 7105: 7099: 7093: 7087: 7081: 7075: 7069: 7063: 7057: 7051: 7045: 7039: 7033: 7027: 7021: 7015: 7009: 7003: 6997: 6991: 6985: 6979: 6973: 6967: 6958: 6952: 6946: 6940: 6931: 6925: 6919: 6913: 6907: 6901: 6895: 6889: 6883: 6877: 6866: 6860: 6851: 6845: 6839: 6833: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6809: 6803: 6797: 6791: 6785: 6779: 6773: 6767: 6761: 6755: 6749: 6743: 6737: 6731: 6725: 6719: 6713: 6707: 6701: 6695: 6689: 6683: 6677: 6671: 6665: 6659: 6653: 6647: 6641: 6635: 6629: 6623: 6617: 6611: 6605: 6599: 6593: 6582: 6576: 6570: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6546: 6540: 6534: 6528: 6522: 6516: 6510: 6504: 6498: 6492: 6486: 6480: 6474: 6468: 6462: 6456: 6450: 6444: 6438: 6432: 6421: 6415: 6409: 6403: 6397: 6391: 6385: 6379: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6360:, pp. 7–64. 6355: 6349: 6343: 6337: 6331: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6307: 6301: 6295: 6289: 6283: 6277: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6223: 6217: 6211: 6205: 6199: 6193: 6187: 6181: 6175: 6169: 6163: 6152: 6146: 6133: 6127: 6114: 6108: 6102: 6096: 6090: 6084: 6078: 6072: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6012: 6011:, p. 56–62. 6006: 6000: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5973: 5967: 5961: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5937: 5931: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5907: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5877: 5871: 5865: 5859: 5853: 5847: 5841: 5835: 5826: 5820: 5814: 5808: 5802: 5796: 5790: 5784: 5778: 5772: 5759: 5753: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5640: 5631: 5625: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5601: 5595: 5589: 5583: 5577: 5571: 5565: 5559: 5553: 5544: 5538: 5532: 5526: 5517: 5511: 5505: 5499: 5493: 5487: 5481: 5475: 5469: 5463: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5427: 5421: 5415: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5391: 5385: 5379: 5373: 5367: 5361: 5355: 5349: 5343: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5310: 5304: 5291: 5285: 5279: 5273: 5267: 5261: 5252: 5246: 5240: 5234: 5228: 5222: 5216: 5210: 5204: 5198: 5192: 5186: 5177: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5153: 5147: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5123: 5117: 5111: 5102: 5096: 5090: 5084: 5075: 5069: 5063: 5057: 5051: 5045: 5039: 5033: 5027: 5021: 5015: 5009: 5003: 4997: 4991: 4985: 4979: 4973: 4967: 4966:, p. 38–45. 4961: 4955: 4949: 4943: 4937: 4928: 4922: 4911: 4905: 4899: 4893: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4833: 4827: 4821: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4755: 4749: 4743: 4737: 4731: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4695: 4689: 4683: 4677: 4666: 4660: 4654: 4648: 4642: 4641:, pp. 3, 6. 4636: 4630: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4606: 4600: 4594: 4588: 4577: 4571: 4562: 4556: 4550: 4544: 4535: 4529: 4502:25 February 1945 4490: 4489: 4465:Walter Krupinski 4436: 4371: 4345:10 January 1943 4327:5 December 1941 4317:Gerhard Schöpfel 4271:31 October 1939 4255: 4254: 4234:23 February 1945 4212:Waldemar Radener 4202:29 January 1945 4176:4 September 1944 4172:Georg-Peter Eder 4161: 4126:Johannes Naumann 4111:26 November 1943 4098: 4086:9 September 1943 4082:Johannes Seifert 4062:Johannes Naumann 4051: 3986: 3941: 3926:Karl Ebbighausen 3890:Karl Ebbighausen 3845:31 October 1938 3829: 3828: 3735: 3719:Johannes Seifert 3605:20 February 1936 3593: 3592: 3553:27 January 1945 3533:10 January 1943 3523:Gerhard Schöpfel 3513:5 December 1941 3467:14 December 1939 3455:9 December 1939 3437: 3436: 3355:Klein Kummerfeld 3262:Walter Krupinski 2597:P-47 Thunderbolt 2567:Operation Oyster 2556:Luftflotte Reich 2462:Johannes Seifert 2440:until 6 May. I. 2429:Battles of Rzhev 2425:Operation Büffel 2366:Army Group North 2322:A was given the 2307:MG 151/20 cannon 2298:Eighth Air Force 2240:is unknown. The 2189:Air Vice Marshal 2185:Eighth Air Force 2157:Fairey Swordfish 2007:Western Europe. 1889:Circus offensive 1770:was informed by 1736: 1729: 1720: 1714: 1704: 1683: 1638: 1632: 1626: 1620: 1576: 1560: 1546: 1536: 1522: 1515: 1506: 1499: 1493: 1484: 1463: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1414: 1407: 1401: 1391: 1382: 1365: 1356:Southern England 1213:Battle of France 1125:Panzer Divisions 1053:as the decisive 982:No. 11 Group RAF 974:Hawker Hurricane 816:killed in action 799:was assigned to 777:Bristol Blenheim 746:French Air Force 738:Groupe de Chasse 730:Gerhard Schöpfel 344:fighter aircraft 292:, fought on the 243:Eighth Air Force 236:Circus offensive 215:Battle of France 161:26 (JG 26) 84:Fighter Aircraft 62: 60: 59: 36: 21: 20: 9309: 9308: 9304: 9303: 9302: 9300: 9299: 9298: 9274: 9273: 9272: 9262: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9248:sister projects 9245:at Knowledge's 9239: 9229: 9227: 9219: 9217: 9212: 9177: 9144: 8963: 8919:26 "Schlageter" 8877: 8859: 8829: 8824: 8823: 8819: 8803: 8799: 8794: 8710: 8680:Hans Dortenmann 8661: 8660:26 "Schlageter" 8651: 8621: 8615: 8597:Sims, Edward H. 8595: 8589: 8576: 8570: 8557: 8551: 8538: 8532: 8519: 8513: 8500: 8494: 8481: 8475: 8462: 8456: 8439: 8433: 8420: 8414: 8401: 8395: 8382: 8376: 8363: 8357: 8344: 8338: 8318: 8312: 8292: 8286: 8270: 8264: 8248: 8242: 8226: 8220: 8204: 8200: 8198:Further reading 8195: 8189: 8166: 8147: 8128: 8109: 8090: 8071: 8048: 8029: 8010: 7991: 7968: 7949: 7927: 7905: 7886: 7864: 7850:Muller, Richard 7842: 7812: 7793: 7774: 7751: 7732: 7713: 7694: 7675: 7656: 7637: 7615: 7593: 7574: 7555: 7536: 7517: 7498: 7475: 7456: 7437: 7418: 7404:Bungay, Stephen 7396: 7379: 7374: 7366: 7317: 7309: 7252: 7244: 7240: 7232: 7228: 7220: 7216: 7208: 7204: 7196: 7192: 7184: 7180: 7172: 7168: 7160: 7156: 7148: 7144: 7136: 7132: 7124: 7120: 7112: 7108: 7100: 7096: 7088: 7084: 7076: 7072: 7064: 7060: 7052: 7048: 7040: 7036: 7028: 7024: 7016: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6992: 6988: 6980: 6976: 6968: 6961: 6953: 6949: 6941: 6934: 6926: 6922: 6914: 6910: 6902: 6898: 6890: 6886: 6878: 6869: 6861: 6854: 6846: 6842: 6834: 6830: 6822: 6818: 6810: 6806: 6798: 6794: 6786: 6782: 6774: 6770: 6762: 6758: 6750: 6746: 6738: 6734: 6726: 6722: 6714: 6710: 6702: 6698: 6690: 6686: 6678: 6674: 6666: 6662: 6654: 6650: 6642: 6638: 6630: 6626: 6618: 6614: 6606: 6602: 6594: 6585: 6577: 6573: 6565: 6561: 6553: 6549: 6541: 6537: 6529: 6525: 6517: 6513: 6505: 6501: 6493: 6489: 6481: 6477: 6469: 6465: 6457: 6453: 6445: 6441: 6433: 6424: 6416: 6412: 6404: 6400: 6392: 6388: 6380: 6376: 6368: 6364: 6356: 6352: 6344: 6340: 6332: 6328: 6320: 6316: 6308: 6304: 6296: 6292: 6284: 6280: 6272: 6268: 6260: 6256: 6248: 6244: 6236: 6232: 6224: 6220: 6212: 6208: 6200: 6196: 6188: 6184: 6176: 6172: 6164: 6155: 6147: 6136: 6128: 6117: 6109: 6105: 6097: 6093: 6085: 6081: 6073: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6034: 6030: 6022: 6015: 6007: 6003: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5976: 5968: 5964: 5956: 5952: 5944: 5940: 5932: 5928: 5920: 5916: 5908: 5904: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5860: 5856: 5848: 5844: 5836: 5829: 5821: 5817: 5809: 5805: 5797: 5793: 5785: 5781: 5773: 5762: 5754: 5745: 5737: 5733: 5725: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5701: 5697: 5689: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5653: 5649: 5641: 5634: 5626: 5622: 5614: 5610: 5602: 5598: 5590: 5586: 5578: 5574: 5566: 5562: 5554: 5547: 5539: 5535: 5527: 5520: 5512: 5508: 5500: 5496: 5488: 5484: 5476: 5472: 5464: 5460: 5456:, pp. 6–7. 5452: 5448: 5440: 5436: 5428: 5424: 5416: 5412: 5404: 5400: 5392: 5388: 5380: 5376: 5368: 5364: 5356: 5352: 5344: 5337: 5329: 5325: 5317: 5313: 5305: 5294: 5286: 5282: 5274: 5270: 5262: 5255: 5247: 5243: 5235: 5231: 5223: 5219: 5211: 5207: 5199: 5195: 5187: 5180: 5172: 5168: 5160: 5156: 5148: 5144: 5136: 5132: 5124: 5120: 5112: 5105: 5097: 5093: 5085: 5078: 5070: 5066: 5058: 5054: 5046: 5042: 5036:Klinkowitz 1989 5034: 5030: 5022: 5018: 5010: 5006: 4998: 4994: 4986: 4982: 4974: 4970: 4962: 4958: 4950: 4946: 4938: 4931: 4923: 4914: 4906: 4902: 4894: 4887: 4879: 4875: 4867: 4863: 4855: 4851: 4843: 4836: 4828: 4824: 4816: 4812: 4804: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4780: 4776: 4768: 4764: 4756: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4732: 4725: 4717: 4713: 4705: 4698: 4690: 4686: 4678: 4669: 4661: 4657: 4649: 4645: 4637: 4633: 4625: 4621: 4613: 4609: 4601: 4597: 4589: 4580: 4572: 4565: 4557: 4553: 4545: 4538: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4517: 4488: 4432: 4367: 4359:11 January 1943 4339:6 December 1941 4307:20 August 1940 4283:1 November 1939 4253: 4216:30 January 1945 4182:8 October 1944 4157: 4094: 4047: 4025:2 January 1943 3982: 3960:3 October 1940 3937: 3857:1 November 1938 3827: 3786:Hermann Staiger 3746:Fritz Losigkeit 3731: 3689:21 August 1940 3621:Walter Grabmann 3591: 3582: 3567:28 January 1945 3547:11 January 1943 3527:6 December 1941 3493:21 August 1940 3449:1 November 1938 3428: 3421: 3367:and test pilot 3343:Hans Dortenmann 3282:Fliegerdivision 3109:, P-38s of the 3099:fighter-bombers 2994:Ninth Air Force 2981: 2897:was ordered to 2522: 2470:Fritz Losigkeit 2450:Battle of Kursk 2398:Demyansk pocket 2386:Operation Iskra 2354: 2225:Dornier Do 217s 2192:Johnnie Johnson 2124:to support the 2025:prisoner of war 2009:No. 2 Group RAF 1916:the command of 1873: 1780:X. Fliegerkorps 1756: 1739:Nazi propaganda 1610:The Hardest Day 1590:fighter escorts 1584:Kampfgeschwader 1320: 1310:to protect the 1229:Operation Paula 1087:English Channel 1055:Battle of Sedan 1003:Mönchengladbach 873:, north of the 832: 742:Henschel Hs 126 654: 567:Luftgaukommando 558:was renamed to 477:Walter Grabmann 418: 402:Fliegerdivision 390:Fliegerdivision 324: 318: 298:Royal Air Force 155: 145: 138: 96: 94:Air superiority 57: 55: 39: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9307: 9297: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9271: 9270: 9241: 9238: 9237: 9214: 9213: 9211: 9210: 9202: 9194: 9190:Jagdgeschwader 9185: 9183: 9179: 9178: 9176: 9175: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9152: 9150: 9146: 9145: 9143: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8971: 8969: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8894:2 "Richthofen" 8891: 8885: 8883: 8879: 8878: 8873:wings) of the 8867:Jagdgeschwader 8858: 8857: 8850: 8843: 8835: 8826: 8825: 8818: 8808: 8805: 8804: 8797: 8795: 8793: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8749: 8744: 8736: 8731:Klaus Mietusch 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8700: 8695: 8687: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8666: 8663: 8662: 8658:Jagdgeschwader 8656:recipients of 8650: 8649: 8642: 8635: 8627: 8620: 8619: 8613: 8593: 8587: 8574: 8568: 8555: 8549: 8536: 8530: 8517: 8511: 8498: 8492: 8479: 8473: 8460: 8454: 8437: 8431: 8418: 8412: 8399: 8393: 8380: 8374: 8361: 8355: 8342: 8336: 8320:Hinsley, Harry 8316: 8310: 8290: 8284: 8272:Franks, Norman 8268: 8262: 8250:Franks, Norman 8246: 8240: 8224: 8218: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8193: 8187: 8170: 8164: 8151: 8145: 8132: 8126: 8113: 8107: 8094: 8088: 8075: 8069: 8052: 8046: 8033: 8027: 8014: 8008: 7995: 7989: 7972: 7966: 7953: 7947: 7931: 7925: 7909: 7903: 7890: 7884: 7868: 7862: 7846: 7840: 7816: 7810: 7797: 7791: 7778: 7772: 7755: 7749: 7736: 7730: 7717: 7711: 7698: 7692: 7679: 7673: 7660: 7654: 7641: 7635: 7623:Franks, Norman 7619: 7613: 7601:Franks, Norman 7597: 7591: 7578: 7572: 7559: 7553: 7540: 7534: 7521: 7515: 7502: 7496: 7479: 7473: 7460: 7454: 7441: 7435: 7422: 7416: 7400: 7394: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7372: 7370:, p. 485. 7315: 7313:, p. 325. 7250: 7238: 7236:, p. 348. 7226: 7214: 7202: 7190: 7178: 7176:, p. 436. 7166: 7154: 7152:, p. 425. 7142: 7130: 7128:, p. 417. 7118: 7116:, p. 440. 7106: 7104:, p. 195. 7094: 7092:, p. 193. 7082: 7070: 7058: 7056:, p. 330. 7046: 7044:, p. 315. 7034: 7032:, p. 269. 7022: 7010: 7008:, p. 392. 6998: 6996:, p. 391. 6986: 6974: 6972:, p. 162. 6959: 6947: 6945:, p. 246. 6932: 6920: 6918:, p. 124. 6908: 6906:, p. 277. 6896: 6884: 6867: 6865:, p. 241. 6852: 6840: 6828: 6826:, p. 336. 6816: 6814:, p. 328. 6804: 6792: 6780: 6768: 6756: 6744: 6732: 6720: 6718:, p. 265. 6708: 6706:, p. 235. 6696: 6684: 6672: 6660: 6648: 6646:, p. 195. 6636: 6624: 6612: 6600: 6598:, p. 193. 6583: 6581:, p. 139. 6571: 6559: 6557:, p. 225. 6547: 6545:, p. 137. 6535: 6533:, p. 144. 6523: 6511: 6509:, p. 140. 6499: 6487: 6475: 6473:, p. 132. 6463: 6451: 6439: 6422: 6420:, p. 123. 6410: 6398: 6386: 6374: 6362: 6350: 6338: 6326: 6314: 6302: 6290: 6278: 6266: 6254: 6242: 6230: 6218: 6206: 6194: 6182: 6170: 6153: 6134: 6115: 6103: 6101:, p. 319. 6091: 6089:, p. 311. 6079: 6064: 6052: 6050:, pp. 59. 6040: 6028: 6013: 6001: 5999:, p. 260. 5989: 5987:, p. 240. 5974: 5962: 5950: 5938: 5926: 5914: 5902: 5890: 5878: 5866: 5864:, p. 114. 5854: 5842: 5827: 5825:, p. 146. 5815: 5803: 5791: 5779: 5777:, p. 113. 5760: 5743: 5741:, p. 141. 5731: 5719: 5717:, p. 119. 5707: 5705:, p. 120. 5695: 5683: 5671: 5669:, p. 323. 5659: 5647: 5645:, p. 122. 5632: 5620: 5618:, p. 163. 5608: 5596: 5594:, p. 111. 5584: 5582:, p. 119. 5572: 5570:, p. 110. 5560: 5545: 5543:, p. 139. 5533: 5518: 5506: 5494: 5492:, p. 206. 5482: 5480:, p. 108. 5470: 5468:, p. 362. 5458: 5446: 5434: 5432:, p. 105. 5422: 5410: 5398: 5386: 5374: 5372:, p. 164. 5362: 5350: 5348:, p. 109. 5335: 5323: 5311: 5292: 5280: 5268: 5253: 5241: 5229: 5217: 5205: 5193: 5178: 5176:, p. 122. 5174:Bergström 2015 5166: 5154: 5152:, p. 244. 5142: 5130: 5128:, p. 211. 5118: 5103: 5091: 5076: 5064: 5062:, p. 296. 5060:Bergström 2015 5052: 5040: 5028: 5016: 5004: 4992: 4980: 4968: 4956: 4944: 4929: 4912: 4900: 4885: 4873: 4861: 4849: 4834: 4822: 4820:, p. 100. 4810: 4798: 4786: 4774: 4762: 4750: 4738: 4723: 4711: 4696: 4684: 4667: 4655: 4643: 4631: 4619: 4607: 4595: 4593:, p. 177. 4578: 4563: 4551: 4536: 4534:, p. 231. 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4508:17 April 1945 4506: 4503: 4500: 4487: 4480: 4477: 4476: 4475:25 March 1945 4473: 4470: 4467: 4457: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4439: 4438: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4420:Klaus Mietusch 4412: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4400:Rolf Hermichen 4392: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4374: 4373: 4363: 4360: 4357: 4347: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4337: 4329: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4321:21 August 1940 4319: 4309: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4291: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4273: 4272: 4269: 4266: 4263: 4262:Walter Kienitz 4252: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4238: 4235: 4232: 4224: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4204: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4196:9 October 1944 4194: 4184: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4164: 4163: 4153: 4150: 4147: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4119: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4101: 4100: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4074: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4066:18 August 1943 4064: 4054: 4053: 4043: 4040: 4039:3 January 1943 4037: 4027: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4009: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3989: 3988: 3978: 3975: 3974:4 October 1940 3972: 3962: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3954:17 August 1940 3952: 3944: 3943: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3919: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3891: 3883: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3872:Herwig Knüppel 3865: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3847: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3826: 3819: 3816: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3798: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3778: 3777: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3758: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3738: 3737: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3691: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3681: 3673: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3653: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3633: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3613: 3612: 3611:15 March 1937 3609: 3606: 3603: 3590: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3565: 3555: 3554: 3551: 3548: 3545: 3535: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3515: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3507:22 August 1940 3505: 3500:Oberstleutnant 3495: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3475: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3464:Hans-Hugo Witt 3457: 3456: 3453: 3450: 3447: 3432:Geschwaderstab 3427: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3181:Jagdgeschwader 3174:Jagdgeschwader 3147:Flying Officer 3103:jagdgeschwader 2980: 2977: 2964:Falaise pocket 2943:Falaise Pocket 2941:flew over the 2752:Klaus Mietusch 2654:to combat the 2640:Geschwaderstab 2551:Operation Blue 2529:and attack on 2521: 2518: 2353: 2350: 2229:Jagdgeschwader 2169:Victoria Cross 2161:Brian Kingcome 2153:Eugene Esmonde 2066:Würzburg radar 2042:Wing Commander 2033:Short Stirling 1998:Jagdgeschwader 1991:Jagdgeschwader 1984:Jagdgeschwader 1918:Theo Osterkamp 1906:Hugh Trenchard 1872: 1869: 1778:in support of 1760:Siege of Malta 1755: 1752: 1695:Fighter bomber 1652:Werner Mölders 1602:RAF Hornchurch 1579:Dornier Do 17s 1553:Black Thursday 1415:were based at 1332:United Kingdom 1319: 1316: 1283:Caudron C.714s 1275:Klaus Mietusch 1163:Jagdgeschwader 930:respectively. 902:Jagdgeschwader 880:Jagdgeschwader 877:. JG 51, 831: 828: 802:Jagdgeschwader 653: 650: 609:Jagdgeschwader 604:Jagdgeschwader 579:Geschwaderstab 561:Jagdgeschwader 547:Geschwaderstab 528:Oberstleutnant 464:Jagdgeschwader 446:Jagdgeschwader 427:, at the time 425:Hermann Göring 421:Jagdgeschwader 417: 414: 378:roman numerals 365:Staffelkapitän 340:Jagdgeschwader 320:Main article: 317: 314: 196:Western Allies 159:Jagdgeschwader 153: 150: 149: 140: 134: 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 113: 109: 108: 105: 101: 100: 98:Fighter bomber 91: 87: 86: 81: 77: 76: 71: 67: 66: 53: 49: 48: 45: 41: 40: 37: 29: 28: 25:Jagdgeschwader 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9306: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9281: 9279: 9267: 9266: 9254: 9253: 9250: 9244: 9236: 9226: 9225: 9222: 9209: 9207: 9203: 9201: 9199: 9195: 9193: 9191: 9187: 9186: 9184: 9180: 9174: 9173: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9153: 9151: 9147: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8972: 8970: 8966: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8939:54 "Grünherz" 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8880: 8876: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8856: 8851: 8849: 8844: 8842: 8837: 8836: 8833: 8816: 8812: 8806: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8780:Gustav Sprick 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8765:Johann Schmid 8763: 8761: 8758: 8753: 8752:Josef Priller 8750: 8748: 8745: 8740: 8737: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8721:Wilhelm Mayer 8719: 8717: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8691: 8690:Adolf Galland 8688: 8686: 8685:Heinz Ebeling 8683: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8670:Walter Adolph 8668: 8667: 8664: 8659: 8655: 8648: 8643: 8641: 8636: 8634: 8629: 8628: 8625: 8616: 8610: 8606: 8602: 8598: 8594: 8590: 8584: 8580: 8575: 8571: 8565: 8561: 8556: 8552: 8546: 8542: 8537: 8533: 8527: 8523: 8518: 8514: 8508: 8504: 8499: 8495: 8489: 8485: 8480: 8476: 8470: 8466: 8461: 8457: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8438: 8434: 8428: 8424: 8419: 8415: 8409: 8405: 8400: 8396: 8390: 8386: 8381: 8377: 8371: 8367: 8362: 8358: 8352: 8348: 8343: 8339: 8333: 8329: 8325: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8307: 8303: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8281: 8277: 8273: 8269: 8265: 8259: 8255: 8251: 8247: 8243: 8237: 8233: 8229: 8225: 8221: 8215: 8211: 8207: 8203: 8202: 8190: 8184: 8180: 8176: 8171: 8167: 8161: 8157: 8152: 8148: 8142: 8138: 8133: 8129: 8123: 8119: 8114: 8110: 8104: 8100: 8095: 8091: 8085: 8081: 8076: 8072: 8066: 8062: 8058: 8053: 8049: 8043: 8039: 8034: 8030: 8024: 8020: 8015: 8011: 8005: 8001: 7996: 7992: 7986: 7982: 7978: 7973: 7969: 7963: 7959: 7954: 7950: 7944: 7940: 7936: 7935:Price, Alfred 7932: 7928: 7922: 7918: 7914: 7913:Price, Alfred 7910: 7906: 7900: 7896: 7891: 7887: 7881: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7865: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7847: 7843: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7825: 7821: 7817: 7813: 7807: 7803: 7798: 7794: 7788: 7784: 7779: 7775: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7756: 7752: 7746: 7742: 7741:Douglas Bader 7737: 7733: 7727: 7723: 7718: 7714: 7708: 7704: 7699: 7695: 7689: 7685: 7680: 7676: 7670: 7666: 7661: 7657: 7651: 7647: 7642: 7638: 7632: 7628: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7594: 7588: 7584: 7579: 7575: 7569: 7565: 7560: 7556: 7550: 7546: 7541: 7537: 7531: 7527: 7522: 7518: 7512: 7508: 7503: 7499: 7493: 7489: 7485: 7480: 7476: 7470: 7466: 7461: 7457: 7451: 7447: 7442: 7438: 7432: 7428: 7423: 7419: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7391: 7387: 7382: 7381: 7369: 7368:Caldwell 1998 7364: 7362: 7360: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7332: 7330: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7312: 7311:Caldwell 1996 7307: 7305: 7303: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7281: 7279: 7277: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7263: 7261: 7259: 7257: 7255: 7247: 7246:Caldwell 1998 7242: 7235: 7230: 7223: 7222:Caldwell 1991 7218: 7211: 7210:Caldwell 1998 7206: 7199: 7198:Caldwell 1998 7194: 7187: 7186:Caldwell 1998 7182: 7175: 7174:Caldwell 1998 7170: 7163: 7162:Caldwell 1998 7158: 7151: 7150:Caldwell 1998 7146: 7139: 7138:Caldwell 1998 7134: 7127: 7126:Caldwell 1998 7122: 7115: 7110: 7103: 7098: 7091: 7086: 7079: 7074: 7067: 7066:Caldwell 1998 7062: 7055: 7050: 7043: 7038: 7031: 7026: 7019: 7014: 7007: 7006:Caldwell 1998 7002: 6995: 6994:Caldwell 1998 6990: 6983: 6978: 6971: 6966: 6964: 6956: 6951: 6944: 6939: 6937: 6929: 6924: 6917: 6912: 6905: 6900: 6893: 6888: 6881: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6864: 6859: 6857: 6849: 6844: 6837: 6836:Caldwell 1998 6832: 6825: 6824:Caldwell 1998 6820: 6813: 6812:Caldwell 1998 6808: 6801: 6800:Caldwell 1998 6796: 6789: 6788:Caldwell 1998 6784: 6777: 6776:Caldwell 1998 6772: 6765: 6764:Caldwell 1998 6760: 6753: 6752:Caldwell 1998 6748: 6741: 6740:Caldwell 1998 6736: 6729: 6728:Caldwell 1998 6724: 6717: 6716:Caldwell 1998 6712: 6705: 6704:Caldwell 1998 6700: 6693: 6692:Caldwell 1998 6688: 6681: 6680:Caldwell 1998 6676: 6669: 6668:Caldwell 1998 6664: 6657: 6656:Caldwell 1998 6652: 6645: 6644:Caldwell 1998 6640: 6633: 6628: 6621: 6616: 6609: 6604: 6597: 6596:Caldwell 1998 6592: 6590: 6588: 6580: 6575: 6568: 6563: 6556: 6551: 6544: 6539: 6532: 6531:Caldwell 1998 6527: 6520: 6515: 6508: 6507:Caldwell 1998 6503: 6496: 6495:Caldwell 1998 6491: 6484: 6483:Caldwell 1998 6479: 6472: 6471:Caldwell 1998 6467: 6460: 6459:Caldwell 1998 6455: 6448: 6447:Caldwell 1998 6443: 6437:, p. 89. 6436: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6419: 6414: 6407: 6402: 6396:, p. 83. 6395: 6390: 6383: 6378: 6371: 6366: 6359: 6358:Caldwell 1998 6354: 6348:, p. 60. 6347: 6342: 6335: 6330: 6324:, p. 66. 6323: 6318: 6311: 6310:Caldwell 1998 6306: 6300:, p. 87. 6299: 6294: 6287: 6282: 6275: 6270: 6263: 6258: 6251: 6246: 6240:, p. 80. 6239: 6234: 6228:, p. 96. 6227: 6226:Caldwell 1998 6222: 6215: 6214:Caldwell 1998 6210: 6203: 6202:Caldwell 1998 6198: 6191: 6190:Caldwell 1998 6186: 6179: 6178:Caldwell 1998 6174: 6168:, p. 65. 6167: 6166:Caldwell 1998 6162: 6160: 6158: 6150: 6145: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6131: 6126: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6112: 6107: 6100: 6095: 6088: 6083: 6076: 6071: 6069: 6061: 6056: 6049: 6044: 6038:, p. 73. 6037: 6032: 6026:, p. 26. 6025: 6020: 6018: 6010: 6005: 5998: 5997:Caldwell 1996 5993: 5986: 5985:Caldwell 1996 5981: 5979: 5971: 5966: 5959: 5954: 5947: 5942: 5936:, p. 19. 5935: 5930: 5923: 5918: 5912:, p. 13. 5911: 5906: 5900:, p. 17. 5899: 5894: 5887: 5882: 5875: 5874:Caldwell 1996 5870: 5863: 5858: 5851: 5846: 5839: 5834: 5832: 5824: 5823:Caldwell 1996 5819: 5813:, p. 88. 5812: 5811:Saunders 2007 5807: 5800: 5795: 5789:, p. 78. 5788: 5787:Saunders 2007 5783: 5776: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5757: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5740: 5735: 5729:, p. 96. 5728: 5723: 5716: 5711: 5704: 5699: 5692: 5687: 5680: 5675: 5668: 5667:Caldwell 1996 5663: 5656: 5651: 5644: 5643:Caldwell 1996 5639: 5637: 5629: 5624: 5617: 5612: 5605: 5604:Caldwell 1996 5600: 5593: 5588: 5581: 5576: 5569: 5564: 5557: 5552: 5550: 5542: 5541:Caldwell 1996 5537: 5530: 5525: 5523: 5515: 5514:Caldwell 1996 5510: 5503: 5502:Caldwell 1996 5498: 5491: 5486: 5479: 5478:Caldwell 1996 5474: 5467: 5462: 5455: 5450: 5443: 5438: 5431: 5430:Caldwell 1996 5426: 5419: 5418:Caldwell 2012 5414: 5408:, p. 37. 5407: 5402: 5396:, p. 31. 5395: 5390: 5383: 5378: 5371: 5366: 5359: 5358:Caldwell 1991 5354: 5347: 5342: 5340: 5332: 5331:Caldwell 1996 5327: 5321:, p. 79. 5320: 5319:Caldwell 1996 5315: 5309:, p. 33. 5308: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5290:, p. 32. 5289: 5284: 5278:, p. 82. 5277: 5272: 5265: 5264:Caldwell 1996 5260: 5258: 5250: 5245: 5238: 5233: 5226: 5225:Caldwell 1996 5221: 5214: 5213:Caldwell 1996 5209: 5203:, p. 65. 5202: 5197: 5190: 5189:Caldwell 1996 5185: 5183: 5175: 5170: 5163: 5158: 5151: 5146: 5140:, p. 55. 5139: 5138:Caldwell 1996 5134: 5127: 5122: 5115: 5114:Caldwell 1996 5110: 5108: 5101:, p. 51. 5100: 5095: 5088: 5087:Caldwell 1996 5083: 5081: 5073: 5072:Caldwell 1996 5068: 5061: 5056: 5049: 5048:Caldwell 1996 5044: 5037: 5032: 5026:, p. 48. 5025: 5020: 5013: 5008: 5001: 4996: 4990:, p. 45. 4989: 4988:Caldwell 1996 4984: 4978:, p. 89. 4977: 4972: 4965: 4964:Caldwell 1996 4960: 4953: 4952:Caldwell 1996 4948: 4941: 4936: 4934: 4927:, p. 37. 4926: 4925:Caldwell 1996 4921: 4919: 4917: 4909: 4908:Caldwell 1996 4904: 4897: 4892: 4890: 4882: 4877: 4870: 4865: 4859:, p. 25. 4858: 4853: 4846: 4845:Caldwell 1996 4841: 4839: 4831: 4830:Caldwell 1996 4826: 4819: 4814: 4808:, p. 25. 4807: 4806:Caldwell 1996 4802: 4796:, p. 24. 4795: 4794:Caldwell 1996 4790: 4784:, p. 23. 4783: 4782:Caldwell 1996 4778: 4772:, p. 11. 4771: 4766: 4759: 4758:Caldwell 1996 4754: 4748:, p. 21. 4747: 4746:Caldwell 1996 4742: 4736:, p. 17. 4735: 4734:Caldwell 1996 4730: 4728: 4721:, p. 15. 4720: 4719:Caldwell 1996 4715: 4709:, p. 12. 4708: 4707:Caldwell 1996 4703: 4701: 4693: 4692:Caldwell 1996 4688: 4682:, p. 10. 4681: 4680:Caldwell 1996 4676: 4674: 4672: 4664: 4663:Caldwell 1996 4659: 4652: 4651:Caldwell 1996 4647: 4640: 4639:Caldwell 1996 4635: 4628: 4623: 4616: 4611: 4604: 4603:Caldwell 2012 4599: 4592: 4587: 4585: 4583: 4576:, p. 75. 4575: 4570: 4568: 4560: 4555: 4549:, p. 32. 4548: 4543: 4541: 4533: 4532:Caldwell 1996 4528: 4524: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4492: 4491: 4485: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4446:Paul Schauder 4445: 4441: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4394: 4393: 4390:13 June 1943 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4336:Josef Priller 4335: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4311: 4310: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4298:Adolf Galland 4297: 4293: 4292: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4275: 4274: 4270: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4257: 4256: 4250: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4231:Paul Schauder 4230: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4139: 4138: 4135:28 June 1944 4134: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4121: 4120: 4117:1 March 1944 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4029: 4028: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4010: 4007:21 July 1942 4006: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3970:Walter Adolph 3968: 3964: 3963: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3946: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3934: 3931: 3928: 3925: 3921: 3920: 3917:24 July 1940 3916: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3867: 3866: 3863:27 June 1939 3862: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3830: 3824: 3813: 3810: 3808:1 August 1944 3807: 3804: 3800: 3799: 3796:31 July 1944 3795: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3756:22 June 1943 3755: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3740: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3712: 3709:10 July 1941 3708: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3675: 3674: 3671:23 June 1940 3670: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3655: 3654: 3651:12 July 1938 3650: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3627: 3625:16 March 1937 3624: 3622: 3619: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3595: 3594: 3588: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3543:Josef Priller 3541: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3503:Adolf Galland 3501: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3477: 3476: 3473:23 June 1940 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3439: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3426: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3389: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3377:Gatow Airport 3374: 3370: 3369:Hanna Reitsch 3366: 3363: 3362:Generaloberst 3358: 3357:on 28 April. 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3278: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3235: 3234:Wilhelm Mayer 3230: 3224: 3222: 3218: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3182: 3177: 3175: 3170: 3166: 3165:Christmas Eve 3161: 3152: 3149:J. Butler of 3148: 3143: 3139: 3137: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3094: 3092: 3088: 3085:was based at 3084: 3080: 3077:was given to 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3040:of JG 26 3039: 3035: 3030: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2976: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2883: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2831: 2825: 2824: 2817: 2815: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2785: 2784:B-26 Marauder 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2734: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2719: 2718:bomber stream 2715: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2700: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2628: 2624: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2601:super-charger 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2585:Wilhelmshaven 2580: 2577: 2573: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2557: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2506: 2503:to join III. 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481:14th Air Army 2478: 2477:13th Air Army 2473: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2364:, supporting 2363: 2359: 2358:Red Air Force 2352:Eastern Front 2349: 2346: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2290: 2288: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2146:Fleet Air Arm 2143: 2139: 2135: 2134:Brest, France 2131: 2127: 2123: 2114: 2110: 2108: 2107: 2102: 2096: 2094: 2089: 2087: 2082: 2080: 2075: 2074:Bay of Biscay 2071: 2067: 2063: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2046: 2045:Douglas Bader 2043: 2039: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2017:Gustav Sprick 2014: 2010: 2005: 2001: 1999: 1994: 1992: 1987: 1985: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1938:Josef Priller 1935: 1931: 1930:Walter Adolph 1927: 1923: 1919: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1881:Shoto Douglas 1878: 1871:Channel Front 1868: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1800: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1786: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1682: 1672: 1668: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1640: 1637: 1631: 1625: 1619: 1613: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1521: 1514: 1508: 1505: 1498: 1492: 1486: 1485:(Eagle Day). 1483: 1482: 1476: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1461: 1451: 1446: 1442: 1439: 1433: 1427: 1422: 1418: 1413: 1406: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1374: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1336:Bay of Biscay 1333: 1329: 1325: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1250:Adolf Galland 1247: 1243: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1197:Junkers Ju 87 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 940: 935: 931: 929: 925: 921: 917: 914:44 (35), II. 913: 909: 905: 903: 898: 894: 890: 888: 883: 881: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 838: 827: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 803: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 775: 771: 767: 763: 760:commander by 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 710:night fighter 707: 703: 699: 698:Unteroffizier 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 672:, across the 671: 667: 663: 659: 649: 647: 643: 640:, while III. 639: 635: 634: 629: 626:, during the 625: 624:Condor Legion 621: 619: 614: 610: 605: 600: 598: 594: 590: 589: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 562: 557: 553: 549: 548: 542: 540: 536: 532: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 500:Heinkel He 51 497: 493: 492:leichte Jäger 489: 485: 482: 478: 475: 471: 467: 465: 460: 456: 451: 449: 447: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 413: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 366: 361: 360: 355: 354: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 323: 313: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 294:Eastern Front 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 241: 237: 234: 230: 229: 224: 223:Adolf Galland 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 199: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 166:was a German 165: 164: 160: 154:Military unit 148: 147:Josef Priller 144: 143:Adolf Galland 141: 135: 130: 127: 124: 120: 117: 114: 110: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 82: 78: 75: 72: 68: 65: 54: 50: 46: 42: 35: 30: 26: 22: 19: 9268:from Commons 9263: 9242: 9205: 9197: 9189: 9170: 8944:77 "Herz As" 8929:51 "Mölders" 8918: 8866: 8809:Swords with 8790:Karl Willius 8734:(Oak Leaves) 8706:(Oak Leaves) 8657: 8604: 8600: 8578: 8559: 8540: 8521: 8502: 8483: 8464: 8445: 8441: 8422: 8403: 8384: 8365: 8346: 8323: 8300:. Maryland: 8297: 8275: 8253: 8231: 8228:Corum, James 8209: 8206:Corum, James 8174: 8155: 8139:. Lucknow . 8136: 8117: 8116:TNA (2001). 8098: 8079: 8056: 8037: 8018: 7999: 7980: 7976: 7957: 7938: 7916: 7894: 7875: 7853: 7831: 7827: 7801: 7782: 7759: 7740: 7721: 7702: 7683: 7664: 7645: 7626: 7604: 7582: 7563: 7544: 7525: 7506: 7487: 7464: 7445: 7426: 7407: 7385: 7377:Bibliography 7241: 7234:Mitcham 2011 7229: 7217: 7205: 7193: 7181: 7169: 7157: 7145: 7133: 7121: 7109: 7097: 7085: 7073: 7061: 7049: 7037: 7025: 7013: 7001: 6989: 6977: 6950: 6923: 6911: 6899: 6887: 6843: 6831: 6819: 6807: 6795: 6783: 6771: 6759: 6747: 6735: 6723: 6711: 6699: 6687: 6675: 6663: 6651: 6639: 6627: 6615: 6603: 6574: 6562: 6550: 6538: 6526: 6514: 6502: 6490: 6478: 6466: 6454: 6442: 6413: 6401: 6389: 6377: 6365: 6353: 6341: 6329: 6317: 6305: 6293: 6281: 6269: 6257: 6245: 6233: 6221: 6209: 6197: 6185: 6173: 6106: 6094: 6082: 6055: 6043: 6031: 6004: 5992: 5965: 5953: 5941: 5929: 5917: 5905: 5893: 5881: 5869: 5857: 5845: 5818: 5806: 5799:Jackson 1983 5794: 5782: 5739:Foreman 1993 5734: 5722: 5710: 5698: 5686: 5674: 5662: 5657:, p. 9. 5655:Foreman 1993 5650: 5630:, p. 5. 5628:Foreman 1993 5623: 5611: 5599: 5587: 5575: 5563: 5558:, p. 7. 5556:Foreman 1993 5536: 5509: 5497: 5485: 5473: 5461: 5449: 5437: 5425: 5413: 5406:Zentner 2001 5401: 5394:Zentner 2001 5389: 5382:Campion 2015 5377: 5365: 5353: 5326: 5314: 5307:Zentner 2001 5288:Zentner 2001 5283: 5271: 5244: 5232: 5220: 5208: 5196: 5169: 5157: 5145: 5133: 5121: 5094: 5067: 5055: 5043: 5031: 5019: 5007: 4995: 4983: 4976:Hooton 2007b 4971: 4959: 4947: 4903: 4876: 4864: 4852: 4825: 4813: 4801: 4789: 4777: 4765: 4753: 4741: 4714: 4687: 4665:, p. 9. 4658: 4646: 4634: 4622: 4610: 4605:, p. 2. 4598: 4554: 4527: 4498:Rudolf Klemm 4494: 4483: 4461: 4443: 4433: 4416: 4410:4 July 1943 4404:15 June 1943 4396: 4384:7 April 1943 4381:Kurt Ruppert 4378: 4368: 4351: 4333: 4313: 4295: 4289:5 June 1940 4277: 4259: 4248: 4228: 4209:Oberleutnant 4208: 4188: 4168: 4158: 4149:29 June 1944 4141: 4129:2 March 1944 4123: 4108:Wilhelm Gäth 4105: 4095: 4079:Oberleutnant 4078: 4058: 4048: 4031: 4019:22 July 1942 4013: 3993: 3983: 3966: 3948: 3938: 3929:25 July 1940 3923: 3905: 3899:31 May 1940 3887: 3881:19 May 1940 3875:28 June 1939 3869: 3851: 3833: 3822: 3802: 3782: 3776:14 May 1944 3770:23 June 1943 3762: 3742: 3732: 3723:11 July 1941 3715: 3695: 3683:24 June 1940 3680:Kurt Fischer 3677: 3665:13 July 1938 3657: 3637: 3631:10 May 1938 3617: 3601:Oskar Dinort 3597: 3586: 3559: 3539: 3519: 3499: 3487:24 June 1940 3479: 3461: 3441: 3431: 3429: 3424: 3408: 3386: 3382:Führerbunker 3380: 3361: 3359: 3353:withdrew to 3350: 3338: 3334: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3298: 3281: 3279: 3265: 3258: 3246: 3238: 3225: 3211: 3207: 3199: 3195: 3186: 3180: 3173: 3168: 3156: 3135: 3131: 3118: 3102: 3095: 3090: 3082: 3074: 3058: 3054: 3043: 3023:Chuck Yeager 3014: 3001: 2997: 2982: 2971: 2955: 2938: 2934: 2918: 2914: 2906: 2902: 2894: 2884: 2875: 2872:Villacoublay 2863: 2859: 2851: 2842: 2834: 2829: 2823:Jagddivision 2822: 2818: 2808: 2804: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2755: 2748: 2735: 2730: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2696: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2659: 2647: 2639: 2625:advocated a 2620: 2615: 2610:Oberleutnant 2609: 2581: 2571: 2565:(USAAF) was 2560: 2523: 2513: 2509: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2474: 2465: 2453: 2441: 2432: 2420: 2418: 2413: 2401: 2391: 2377: 2373: 2362:Luftflotte 1 2355: 2339: 2333: 2316: 2291: 2286: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2254: 2250:130 Squadron 2246:Minden Blake 2241: 2237: 2228: 2214:, a raid on 2207: 2205: 2178: 2173:401 Squadron 2141: 2138:Dover Strait 2130:Kriegsmarine 2126:Channel Dash 2119: 2104: 2100: 2097: 2092: 2085: 2078: 2058: 2048: 2028: 1997: 1990: 1983: 1980: 1974: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1942: 1925: 1921: 1914: 1893:Soviet Union 1877:Luftflotte 3 1874: 1852: 1844: 1836: 1812: 1797: 1790:Hans Geisler 1783: 1771: 1767: 1757: 1747:Air Ministry 1723: 1691: 1677: 1641: 1614: 1606:266 Squadron 1583: 1563: 1549:615 Squadron 1509: 1487: 1460:Oberleutnant 1455: 1386:Stab and I. 1385: 1348:Adolf Hitler 1321: 1303: 1287: 1278: 1270: 1257: 1253: 1236: 1224: 1220: 1210: 1204: 1200: 1192: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1145: 1141: 1129: 1122: 1117: 1114:Sint Truiden 1105: 1090: 1058: 1046: 1006: 998: 989: 961: 958:Fokker D.XXI 944: 919: 915: 911: 907: 901: 896: 892: 886: 879: 875:Maginot Line 867:Army Group A 863:British Army 847:Army Group B 843:Luftflotte 2 836: 833: 811: 807: 801: 796: 792: 789:MG FF cannon 761: 757: 753: 749: 725: 721: 705: 701: 686:Bönninghardt 681: 657: 655: 652:World War II 641: 637: 631: 617: 612: 608: 603: 601: 586: 578: 574: 570: 566: 560: 555: 551: 546: 543: 538: 534: 527: 523: 519: 515: 507: 495: 491: 487: 480: 473: 463: 458: 454: 452: 445: 436: 432: 428: 420: 419: 410:Jagddivision 409: 406:Fliegerkorps 405: 401: 397: 394:Jagddivision 393: 389: 386:Fliegerkorps 385: 381: 373: 369: 363: 357: 351: 347: 339: 335: 331: 327: 326:A Luftwaffe 325: 316:Organisation 305: 289: 285: 273: 271: 226: 200: 176:World War II 162: 158: 157: 156: 115: 64:Nazi Germany 38:JG 26 emblem 24: 18: 9198:Jagdverband 8934:53 "Pik As" 8924:27 "Afrika" 8914:7 "Nowotny" 8904:5 "Eismeer" 8747:Rolf Pingel 8711:Alfred Groß 8703:Adolf Glunz 8675:Karl Borris 7114:Parker 1998 7054:Parker 1998 7042:Parker 1998 7030:Parker 1998 7018:Parker 1998 6982:Parker 1998 6970:Parker 1998 6955:Parker 1998 6943:Parker 1998 6928:Parker 1998 6916:Parker 1998 6892:Parker 1998 6632:Murray 1983 6608:Franks 1998 6555:Murray 1983 6286:Murray 1983 6274:Murray 1983 6262:Murray 1983 6250:Murray 1983 6048:Franks 1998 6009:Franks 1998 5970:Franks 1998 5958:Franks 1998 5946:Sarkar 2011 5934:Franks 1998 5922:Franks 1998 5910:Franks 1998 5886:Hooton 1999 5862:Hooton 1999 5850:Hooton 1999 5838:Hooton 1999 5775:Hooton 1999 5756:Franks 1997 5715:Franks 1997 5703:Franks 1997 5691:Franks 1997 5679:Franks 1997 5616:Franks 1992 5592:Hooton 1999 5580:Franks 1992 5568:Hooton 1999 5529:Franks 1992 5454:Scutts 1994 5370:Bungay 2000 5346:Hooton 1999 5126:Bungay 2000 5099:Franks 1997 5024:Murray 1983 5012:Turner 2014 4940:Hooton 1994 4896:Franks 1997 4857:Franks 1997 4547:Muller 1992 4424:5 July 1943 4301:6 June 1940 4240:1 May 1945 4192:Anton Hackl 4016:Conny Meyer 3911:1 June 1940 3908:Erich Noack 3893:20 May 1940 3854:Werner Palm 3839:15 May 1937 3814:7 May 1945 3805:Karl Borris 3790:15 May 1944 3766:Karl Borris 3750:1 June 1943 3699:Rolf Pingel 3645:11 May 1938 3573:7 May 1945 3347:Oranienburg 3303:Delmenhorst 3251:41 Squadron 3079:Anton Hackl 3067:Kirchhellen 2866:arrived at 2856:Sword Beach 2699:Adolf Glunz 2676:Karl Borris 2652:Woensdrecht 2627:Barrel roll 2062:Freya radar 1971:Rolf Pingel 1934:Rolf Pingel 1910:World War I 1743:Helmut Wick 1658:N required 1539:32 Squadron 1432:Stabstaffel 1215:began with 859:French Army 820:Netherlands 718:Arado Ar 68 398:Luftflotten 184:World War I 112:Nickname(s) 9278:Categories 8326:. London: 6880:Price 1991 6238:Delve 2007 6036:Delve 2007 5727:Spick 2011 5249:Price 1990 5237:Price 1990 5201:Price 2010 5162:Mason 1969 5150:Mason 1969 4574:Mason 1969 4559:Mason 1969 4515:References 3951:Erich Bode 3563:Franz Götz 3405:Franz Götz 3204:Boxing Day 3087:Plantlünne 3063:Reinsehlen 3038:Franz Götz 2909:supported 2880:Cormeilles 2868:Guyancourt 2766:, part of 2658:. Several 2589:Blitz Week 2412:sector, 7 2394:Lake Ilmen 2336:dogfighter 2101:geschwader 2070:Heligoland 2031:pursued a 1727:Geschwader 1565:Keith Park 1405:Luftflotte 1379:Kanalkampf 1258:geschwader 1242:Le Touquet 871:Luxembourg 770:Phoney War 692:began the 680:while II. 618:Jagdgruppe 597:Nazi Party 556:Geschwader 512:Düsseldorf 328:Geschwader 203:Phoney War 163:Schlageter 139:commanders 132:Commanders 116:Schlageter 8889:1 "Oesau" 8875:Luftwaffe 6024:Weal 1996 5898:Weal 1996 4520:Citations 4462:Hauptmann 4444:Hauptmann 4397:Hauptmann 4379:Hauptmann 4352:Hauptmann 4334:Hauptmann 4260:Hauptmann 4229:Hauptmann 4169:Hauptmann 4145:Emil Lang 4142:Hauptmann 4124:Hauptmann 4059:Hauptmann 4014:Hauptmann 3994:Hauptmann 3967:Hauptmann 3949:Hauptmann 3924:Hauptmann 3906:Hauptmann 3888:Hauptmann 3870:Hauptmann 3852:Hauptmann 3783:Hauptmann 3763:Hauptmann 3743:Hauptmann 3703:22 August 3696:Hauptmann 3678:Hauptmann 3638:Hauptmann 3618:Hauptmann 3598:Hauptmann 3395:, to the 3301:moved to 3259:Hauptmann 3208:Jagdkorps 3160:Karinhall 3069:north of 3061:moved to 2960:Emil Lang 2931:Waffen SS 2903:Jagdkorps 2891:Avranches 2830:Jagdkorps 2539:Black May 2444:moved to 2282:Hampshire 2242:Luftwaffe 2038:Eric Lock 1734:Luftwaffe 1707:The Blitz 1681:Luftwaffe 1665:drop tank 1660:96 Octane 1636:Luftwaffe 1618:Luftwaffe 1598:Rochester 1558:Luftwaffe 1375:, as the 1369:dogfights 1346:rejected 1290:moved to 1156:from II. 1063:Eindhoven 1039:Dordrecht 1035:Rotterdam 1011:Uerdingen 970:Dyle Plan 954:Amsterdam 946:Fall Gelb 772:" over a 708:became a 690:Wehrmacht 633:Hauptmann 588:Freikorps 539:Hauptmann 535:Hauptmann 474:Hauptmann 437:Luftkreis 416:Formation 310:Abbeville 304:-led II. 267:Wehrmacht 225:, future 188:Freikorps 186:veteran, 74:Luftwaffe 9235:Aviation 9206:Kommando 9149:Training 8968:Numbered 8899:3 "Udet" 8599:(1982). 8330:(HMSO). 8322:(1988). 8296:(2005). 8274:(2006). 8252:(1994). 8230:(2008). 8208:(1997). 7937:(1991). 7915:(1990). 7874:(1983). 7852:(1992). 7762:. Iowa: 7625:(1997). 7603:(1992). 7486:(2007). 7406:(2000). 6060:TNA 2001 5276:Ray 2009 5000:Ray 2009 4486:of JG 26 4251:of JG 26 3825:of JG 26 3589:of JG 26 3409:Leutnant 3327:Hannover 2887:Saint-Lô 2878:flew to 2764:Big Week 2501:Cuxhaven 2446:Smolensk 2382:Red Army 2378:staffeln 2296:(USAAF) 2266:Staffeln 2262:staffeln 2220:Commando 1912:policy. 1804:Wevelgem 1630:Staffeln 1547:engaged 1527:and IV./ 1481:Adlertag 1421:Caffiers 1308:Doberitz 1217:Fall Rot 1169:Chievres 1110:Brussels 1083:Overijse 1005:and II. 924:Dortmund 793:staffeln 670:Odendorf 622:(J/88), 382:staffeln 336:staffeln 9208:Nowotny 9182:Special 8871:fighter 7826:(ed.). 7766:Press. 4434:† 4369:† 4159:† 4096:† 4049:† 3984:† 3939:† 3733:† 3339:Gruppen 3315:Gruppen 3273:and US 3200:staffel 3196:gruppen 3127:Bitburg 2998:Gruppen 2972:gruppen 2952:Le Mans 2948:Alençon 2919:gruppen 2907:Gruppen 2860:gruppen 2850:began. 2776:Gruppen 2772:gruppen 2660:gruppen 2531:Hamburg 2510:staffel 2497:staffel 2485:staffel 2414:staffel 2408:on the 2374:gruppen 2328:BMW 801 2287:Staffel 2270:Staffel 2238:gruppen 2072:to the 2064:and 57 1943:gruppen 1845:staffel 1837:staffel 1821:Taranto 1813:Staffel 1768:Staffel 1686:sorties 1555:in the 1541:; III. 1520:gruppen 1412:Gruppen 1324:Denmark 1237:Gruppen 1225:gruppen 1221:gruppen 1205:gruppen 1201:gruppen 1193:gruppen 1134:Dunkirk 1095:Cambrai 1075:Tournai 1045:. III. 995:Antwerp 988:. III. 986:England 893:Gruppen 849:in the 812:gruppen 808:gruppen 754:staffel 722:Staffel 706:Staffel 702:Staffel 676:in the 662:Cologne 514:. 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