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this fact was not transmitted to his men who carried on the battle. Froissart gives account in detail of the various individuals wounded, captured or killed, but what is known is that the Scots won the encounter taking
Hotspur and many others prisoner. Douglas' body was found on the field the following day. The Scots, albeit saddened by the loss of their leader, were heartened enough by the victory, to frighten off English reinforcements led by
823:
448:
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and those of
Archibald the Grim. Upon finding from an English spy, that the English warden Percy was aware of the muster, and was planning a counter strike, the Scots command decided to split the army, with Fife leading the main body into Cumberland, while a smaller mounted force under Douglas was to
567:
Douglas chose his encampment in a wood with an eye to protect his force from
English archery. But on the evening of 5 or 19 August, the Percies surprised the Scots and a bloody moonlit battle ensued. Douglas was mortally wounded during the fight, but because of the confusion of fighting in darkness
521:
The Scots, without the siege equipment to invest the Castle, encamped around it. The week that followed saw constant skirmishes and challenges to single combat between the two sides, that culminated when
Douglas challenged Hotspur to a duel. In the ensuing joust Douglas successfully felled Hotspur
360:
was happening, the Scots agreed to the tripartite truce on 7 July which was to last until May the following year. De Charny and his knights returned to France but promised to
Douglas that they would return as soon as possible.
530:, Douglas announced that he would "carry to Scotland and hoist it on my tower, where it may be seen from afar", to which Hotspur retorted "By God! You will never leave Northumberland alive with that."
404:
and the capital itself. Douglas had to content himself with a carrying out the traditional scorched earth policy, burning
Scottish crops and food to deprive the English army of it while his cousin
867:
468:
In 1388 Richard II had domestic troubles with his recalcitrant barons and was occupied far to the south, and the time seemed right for invasion to avenge the destruction of 1385.
984:
427:, the warden of the Western March, was engaged to keep the peace between the rivals. While Clifford was away from his duties in the west, Douglas accompanied by the
342:
mustered their men and joined forces with the French knights. They then led a raid into
England where they ravaged lands belonging to the
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where they had marched to, in which they offered their services against the
English. The new Earl of Douglas, and
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In May 1384, the 1st Earl of
Douglas died from a fever, and his son inherited. Around the same time a
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326:. While deliberations were taking place in Edinburgh, a further party of French knights arrived at
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Lords of
Misrule, 1388-1396. A Folly of Princes, 1396-1402. The Captive Crown, 1402-1411
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estate to be passed to their half-sister, Margaret, who became 1st Laird of Bonjedward.
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was numerically superior to the Franco-Scots, Douglas allowed the English to advance to
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and Archibald became the ancestors of the families of Douglas of Drumlanrig (see
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The earldom and entailed estates of Douglas reverted by the patent of 1358 to
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Douglas' body was then removed back across the Border and he was interred at
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laying waste to the countryside. From there the turned east to encircle
851:. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 443.
627:
496:
432:
287:
778:
Black Douglases: War and Lordship in Late Medieval Scotland, 1300-1455
564:, Douglas appeared to be tarrying to see whether Hotspur would react.
518:, hoping to outflank Douglas should he attempt to return to Scotland.
514:, and his brother Sir Ralph Percy. Northumberland himself remained at
368:. The French were as good as their word and had previously arrived at
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527:
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262:
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Depiction of James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas, made by William Hole
476:
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388:, wisely refusing battle, the English army destroyed the Abbies of
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with a contingent of Chivalry, armour and monies. The French under
187:
150:
828:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
907:
637:, called "The Grim", cousin of the 1st Earl and a natural son of
247:
246:(c. 1358 – 5 or 19 August 1388) was an influential and powerful
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523:
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The Scots, following an agreement made between the nobility at
369:
318:
embassy arrived in Scotland to negotiate a truce between the
871:, Dunton Green, Sevenoaks, Kent : Coronet Books, 1986.
419:
1386 saw squabbling between the Earl of Northumberland, and
811:
725:. East Linton, Scotland: Tuckwell Press Ltd. p. 76.
364:
In 1385 when the truce expired, Douglas made war on the
743:
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552:
The following day the Scots struck camp and marched to
380:
joined forces with the Scots. Finding that the army of
985:
Scottish pre-union military personnel killed in action
586:, forms the basis of the English and Scottish ballads
479:
in August, including the levies of the earls of Fife,
451:
Near contemporary depiction of the Battle of Otterburn
610:. He left no legitimate male issue. His natural sons
290:
to him in 1380, he had been knighted, being known as
738:
810:The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707
412:on a destructive counter-raid on a counter-raid on
622:inherited the lands and earldom of Mar, and the un
768:Border Fury-England and Scotland at War 1296-1568
951:
556:where they destroyed its castle, and then on to
286:. By the time his father had made over lands in
294:. Earlier his father had been in dispute with
506:Newcastle was held by Northumberland's sons,
626:estates of Douglas. Isabel arranged for the
334:, sent word to the court at Edinburgh, from
606:Douglas married Isabel, a daughter of King
572:, the Bishop of Durham the following day.
423:over the wardenship of the Eastern March.
309:
104:
788:A History of the House of Douglas II vols
274:Pennon of James Douglas, Earl of Douglas.
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
833:
747:
543:
454:
446:
425:Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford
269:
261:
32:This article includes a list of general
795:A History of the House of Percy II vols
491:Douglas' force entered England through
421:John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby
952:
533:
463:
442:
138:Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas
720:
601:
298:over the latter's succession to King
618:) and Douglas of Cavers. His sister
488:go east and despoil Northumberland.
280:William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas
219:William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas
128:William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas
18:
548:Wounded Douglas in the battle field
435:, and raided and burnt the town of
266:Arms of the Earl of Douglas and Mar
13:
856:
843:James, 2nd Earl of Douglas and Mar
400:, as well as burning the burgh of
278:He was the eldest son and heir of
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
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711:Parliament records, 17 June 1385
119:1 May 1384 - 5 or 19 August 1388
23:
16:Scottish nobleman (c. 1358–1388)
970:Nobility from South Lanarkshire
292:Sir James Douglas of Liddesdale
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408:led the French and the men of
1:
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201:William Douglas of Drumlanrig
817:eds (St Andrews, 2007–2011).
639:The "Good" Sir James Douglas
522:and was able to capture his
7:
995:14th-century Scottish earls
582:The battle, as narrated by
330:. These adventurers led by
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975:House of Douglas and Angus
770:. Pearson Education. 2005.
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459:Captured Pennon of Hotspur
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589:The Ballad of Chevy Chase
284:Margaret, Countess of Mar
229:Margaret, Countess of Mar
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167:Otterburn, Northumberland
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1000:Earls or mormaers of Mar
990:Burials at Melrose Abbey
805:The Douglas Book IV vols
848:Encyclopædia Britannica
721:Brown, Michael (1999).
616:Marquess of Queensberry
595:The Battle of Otterburn
495:and proceeded south to
310:Earl of Douglas and Mar
237:Sir James Douglas, 2nd
53:more precise citations.
780:. Tuckwell Press. 1998
693:Maxwell, vol. I p. 100
684:Maxwell, vol. I, p. 93
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460:
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431:led a force deep into
347:Earl of Northumberland
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675:Maxwell, vol I, p87-9
666:Maxwell, vol I, p. 99
608:Robert II of Scotland
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458:
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382:Richard II of England
306:close to the throne.
273:
265:
784:Maxwell, Sir Herbert
735:Maxwell, vol I, p105
702:Maxwell, vol I, p100
891:Peerage of Scotland
868:The Stewart Trilogy
801:Fraser, Sir William
723:The Black Douglases
560:just 30 miles from
540:Battle of Otterburn
534:Battle of Otterburn
464:Invasion of England
443:Otterburn and death
320:Franco-Scots Allies
252:Kingdom of Scotland
161:5 or 19 August 1388
602:Marriage and issue
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461:
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406:Archibald the Grim
354:Earl of Nottingham
332:Geoffroi de Charny
276:
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207:Archibald Douglas
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939:Succeeded by
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920:Succeeded by
807:. Edinburgh. 1885
635:Archibald Douglas
378:Admiral of France
340:Sir David Lindsay
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797:. London 1902
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59:February 2024
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965:1388 deaths
932:Earl of Mar
510:, known as
437:Cockermouth
296:King Robert
124:Predecessor
94:Earl of Mar
51:introducing
954:Categories
936:1384–1388
917:1384–1388
645:References
628:Bonjedward
497:Brancepeth
433:Cumberland
402:Haddington
358:Chevauchée
349:, and the
288:Liddesdale
258:Early life
34:references
562:Newcastle
558:Otterburn
554:Ponteland
528:Froissart
512:"Hotspur"
501:Newcastle
493:Redesdale
394:Newbattle
386:Edinburgh
164:killed at
134:Successor
839:Douglas
624:entailed
477:Jedburgh
473:Aberdeen
414:Carlisle
410:Galloway
398:Dryburgh
328:Montrose
300:David II
151:Scotland
832::
758:Sources
612:William
390:Melrose
366:English
351:Mowbray
324:England
250:in the
248:magnate
192:Douglas
47:improve
875:
826:
815:et al.
620:Isabel
524:pennon
316:French
225:Mother
215:Father
173:Buried
116:Tenure
36:, but
485:Moray
481:March
370:Leith
344:Percy
336:Perth
197:Issue
873:ISBN
841:s.v.
592:and
396:and
322:and
282:and
241:and
176:1388
158:Died
147:1358
144:Born
845:".
243:Mar
956::
879:.
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