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111:, until despatched as second in command of a prize-slaver to the coast of Africa, where he was wrecked on 7 April 1838, and taken prisoner by the Moors. Being, however, rescued on the banks of the Senegal 16 days afterwards, while on his journey inland with the rest of his shipmates, by a party of French black native troops under a government officer, Fairholme returned to England, and in December 1839 joined the
422:
among the items they were given were a fork and a spoon that belonged to
Fairholme. The Inuit said that they had found the material at a camp to the north west of the mouth of the Back River where a party of Europeans had died of starvation. On the spoon were also scratched the initials of caulker's
401:
and his officers and men from their books, presuming that they all had perished, and arrangements were made to distribute the back-dated pay to their dependents. Fairholme was declared legally dead in 1858 after the case of
Fairholme v Fairholme in Scotland, in a legal dispute concerning a large sum
352:
All well with the expedition + very comfortable. Lady
Franklin has given us amongst other presents, a capital monkey, which with old Neptune, a Newfoundland dog and one cat is all the pets allowed. At present Saturday night seems to be kept up in true nautical form around my cabin, a fiddle going as
275:
I hope
Elizabeth got my photograph. Lady Franklin said she thought it made me look too old, but as I had Fitzjames’ coat on at the time, to save myself the trouble of getting my own, you will perceive that I am a Commander! and have anchors on the epaulettes so it will do capitally when that really
488:
Fairholme is among the lost named on the
Franklin monument erected in Waterloo Place in London in 1866. Inscribed 'To the great arctic navigator and his brave companions who sacrificed their lives in completing the discovery of the North West Passage. A.D. 1847 - 8', his name can be found on the
271:'s jacket for the picture to save him having to find his own. At the same time several officers, including Fairholme, had a second private daguerreotype taken, with Fairholme mentioning the photographic session in a letter written to his father shortly after:
402:
of money left to
Fairholme by his uncle, Adam Fairholme, who died in 1853. The case hinged on whether James Fairholme had predeceased his uncle, or had died after him. The Court's judgement, based on evidence produced by Captain
518:
in order to rescue the rest of the crew. Later it is discovered that
Fairholme and his men only managed to travel 18 miles before being killed by the Tuunbaq, their boat and severed heads being discovered in the snow.
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Fairholme was promoted to the rank of
Lieutenant on 31 January 1842 and in March 1842 was invalided home with a tropical fever. He was after appointed in succession – 20 April 1843, to the gunnery-ship
167:, one of the three small steamers sent to explore the Niger. Having ascended that river as far as Egga, a distance of 350 miles from the sea, he returned to Cape Coast Castle in September 1841.
348:. Crew members then wrote their last letters home, which recorded that Franklin had banned swearing and drunkenness. Fairholme used this opportunity to send a last letter to his father:
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at the dockside in
Greenhithe on 16 May 1845, just before the ships sailed. In Fairholme's letter to his father he mentions that he had had to borrow Commander
676:
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124:
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mate
Cornelius Hickey. The presence of initials of crew members marked on officer's silver cutlery suggests that it may have been an attempt to save it.
394:. The expedition was never seen again by Europeans. Fairholme's fate is unknown, but he probably starved to death with the last of the crew in 1848.
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85:. His siblings included George Knight Erskine Fairholme (1822–1889) and Elizabeth Marjory Fairholme. Through his mother he was a grandson of
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himself bought a silver fiddle-pattern teaspoon belonging to Lieutenant Fairholme from the Inuit at Cape Norton, on the East Coast of
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explorative expedition. As Third Lieutenant he was the fifth most senior officer on board after Captain Sir
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820:, Volume 32 , Issue 182 , July 1996 , pp. 249 - 251: Cambridge University Press online 27 October 2009
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under Captain John Balfour Maxwell, with whom, and with Commodore Sir John Strutt Peyton, of the
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Fairholme joined the Royal Navy on 12 March 1834 aged 13 as a First-class Volunteer on board the
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in 1845 form part of the Lieutenant James Walter Fairholme Collection in the collection of the
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hard as it can + 2 or 3 different songs from the forecastle. In short all seems quite happy...
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Portrait photographs of the officers of HMS Erebus (1826) and the captain of HMS Terror (1812)
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James Walter Fairholme in the Scotland, Select Births and Baptisms, 1564-1950: Ancestry.com
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The salt print image of Fairholme mentioned above together with his posthumously awarded
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Sir John Franklin's Last Arctic Expedition; a Chapter in the History of the Royal Navy
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Fairholme v Fairholme's Trustees: presumption of death on the 1845 Franklin expedition
207:"Lady Franklin said she thought it made me look too old" - James Walter Fairholme by
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Sir John Franklin and some of his crew - Fairholme (top row, second from left) -
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73:, Scotland in 1821, the second of five children of the Hon. Caroline Elisabeth
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Artifacts retrieved from Erebus wreck reveal snapshot of life on doomed ship
175:
at Portsmouth under Captain Sir Thomas Hastings; on 14 December 1844 to the
62:, which ended with the loss of all 129 crewmen in mysterious circumstances.
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On 7 May 1859 a party from the McClintock Search Expedition 1857-9 led by
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Remembering the Franklin Expedition — The Lieutenant Fairholme Collection
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Iceblink: The Tragic Fate of Sir John Franklin's Lost Polar Expedition
623:
Fairholme, James W Rank: Lieutenant Date of Appointment: 13 March 1843
3322:
2159:
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333:
315:
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3254:
311:
81:(1789–1846), a land owner, banker, traveller, naturalist and
66:
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1502:
1490:
510:
in which Fairholme is put in charge of a sledge party by Captain
419:
215:
On 13 March 1845 Fairholme joined the crew of the discovery ship
2048:
2127:
1452:
368:
148:
1513:
4582:
Royal Navy personnel of the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841)
367:, reducing the final crew to 129 men. In late July 1845 the
445:
and a silver dessert fork that he took with him aboard the
299:
107:, he served on the West India station, part of the time as
607:
Polar Equipment and Relics: Tea Spoon of Lt. J W Fairholme
390:, where they were waiting for good conditions to cross to
357:
Five men were discharged due to sickness and sent home on
40:(10 January 1821 – after 24 May 1847) was a British
340:
were slaughtered for fresh meat which was transferred to
643:
Transcription sent by Lieutenant Fairholme to his father
460:
found and brought to the surface a pair of lieutenant's
44:
officer and polar explorer who in 1845 served under Sir
2718:
795:
397:
On 31 March 1854 the Admiralty removed the name of Sir
336:, on the west coast of Greenland, 10 oxen carried on
16:
British naval officer and polar explorer (1821–1847?)
484:'s 1866 monument to Franklin, Waterloo Place, London
492:He appears as a minor character in the 2007 novel,
159:, whither he sailed in 1841, as Mate, on board the
593:. Vol. 7.1. London: John Murray. p. 345.
4055:
418:and his search party located a group of Inuit at
243:photographs of the twelve senior officers of the
4548:
128:The Niger Expedition - off Holyhead, 1841. HMS
4041:
920:
573:
571:
569:
434:. These spoons are in the collection of the
577:
4048:
4034:
927:
913:
566:
480:Fairholme is among those commemorated on
672:
670:
329:; the passage to Greenland took 30 days.
3985:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
638:
636:
634:
475:
279:
202:
123:
20:
4617:Military personnel from Perth, Scotland
3560:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
830:Franklin Relics: Spoon of Lt. Fairholme
709:
87:James Ochoncar Forbes, 17th Lord Forbes
4549:
883:
801:
667:
198:
4029:
2704:
946:
934:
908:
631:
602:
600:
740:
677:The Last Voyage of Sir John Franklin
378:(Captain Robert Martin) encountered
147:After sharing in the bombardment of
3346:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1543:Norse colonization of North America
856:Royal Canadian Geographical Society
151:and in the early operations of the
13:
4597:English explorers of North America
2875:United States Exploring Expedition
597:
140:- Fairholme served as Mate on the
14:
4638:
4577:19th-century Royal Navy personnel
3949:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
3317:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
414:When in 1854 the Arctic explorer
191:discovery-ship under Captain Sir
3843:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
3236:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
771:"Sir John Franklin's Expedition"
263:. These were taken on board the
249:including Fairholme and Captain
187:– and, on 13 March 1845, to the
861:
839:
823:
807:
763:
734:
703:
590:A Naval Biographical Dictionary
584:"Fairholme, James Walter"
92:
4572:19th-century British explorers
686:
651:
616:
552:
545:, ADM 38/672 and ADM 38/1962,
529:
1:
4592:Recipients of the Polar Medal
4056:Royal Navy Arctic exploration
3222:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
3157:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
2705:
627:The National Archives, London
522:
514:with the aim of making it to
502:, a fictionalized account of
294:The expedition set sail from
117:under the command of Captain
25:Lt. James Walter Fairholme -
3579:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
3395:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
3201:French Antarctic Expeditions
3131:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
3017:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
1135:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
779:. 25 October 1845. p. 5
409:
332:At the Whalefish Islands in
314:. From there they sailed to
7:
2664:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
2343:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
1208:Andrée's balloon expedition
287:The Illustrated London News
10:
4643:
4627:Franklin's lost expedition
4567:1840s missing person cases
1865:Franklin's lost expedition
1565:Christian IV's expeditions
947:
877:
870:, London Remembers website
698:Canadian Museum of History
508:2018 television adaptation
504:Franklin's lost expedition
451:Canadian Museum of History
4398:
4128:
4061:
3682:
3413:
3000:
2740:
2717:
2713:
2700:
2219:Great Northern Expedition
2113:
1895:Rae–Richardson expedition
1644:
1489:
1095:British Arctic Expedition
987:
959:
955:
942:
471:
4070:Phipps expedition (1773)
3503:British Antarctic Survey
3497:Captain Arturo Prat Base
2742:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
884:Cyriax, Richard (1939).
834:National Maritime Museum
681:Derbyshire Record Office
662:National Maritime Museum
647:Derbyshire Record Office
611:National Maritime Museum
536:Muster Rolls of H.M.SS.
436:National Maritime Museum
157:exploration of the Niger
4607:Explorers of the Arctic
4587:British polar explorers
4144:Sir Alexander Armstrong
3979:Pole of inaccessibility
3642:Antarctic Treaty System
1983:2nd Grinnell expedition
741:Owen, Roderick (1978).
710:Cookman, Scott (2000).
561:(subscription required)
77:Forbes (born 1799) and
4291:Sir Leopold McClintock
4084:Mackenzie River (1825)
485:
443:Arctic Medal 1818-1855
374:(Captain Dannett) and
355:
325:and a transport ship,
291:
278:
212:
163:steamer under Captain
144:
38:James Walter Fairholme
34:
4249:Sir Edward Inglefield
4200:Sir Richard Collinson
4098:Rae–Richardson (1848)
3649:Transglobe Expedition
3548:Operation Deep Freeze
2957:Challenger expedition
1823:Coppermine expedition
1344:Drifting ice stations
718:John Wiley & Sons
547:The National Archives
479:
350:
283:
273:
206:
127:
24:
4389:Sir Henry Stephenson
4326:Sir Erasmus Ommanney
4263:Skeffington Lutwidge
4235:William Hulme Hooper
743:The fate of Franklin
456:In 2019 divers from
165:Henry Dundas Trotter
83:scriptural geologist
4622:Royal Navy officers
4602:Explorers of Canada
4361:Sir John Richardson
4270:George Francis Lyon
3819:South magnetic pole
2485:Brusilov expedition
1594:Danish colonization
1032:North magnetic pole
868:The Franklin statue
851:Canadian Geographic
625:, ADM 196/36/1099,
579:O'Byrne, William R.
432:King William Island
199:Franklin Expedition
119:Barrington Reynolds
56:Franklin expedition
4347:Constantine Phipps
4298:Sir Robert McClure
4284:Sir Albert Markham
4186:Sir Edward Belcher
4158:Sir Horatio Austin
3510:Operation Windmill
3491:Operation Highjump
2466:Rusanov expedition
2371:A. E. Nordenskiöld
2115:North East Passage
1919:McClure expedition
858:, 21 February 2020
486:
292:
259:from photographer
237:Lady Jane Franklin
213:
145:
35:
4544:
4543:
4382:Sir Edward Sabine
4256:Sir Henry Kellett
4228:Sir John Franklin
4179:Frederick Beechey
4112:McClintock (1857)
4077:Coppermine (1819)
4023:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4014:
3477:Operation Tabarin
3339:Far Eastern Party
3185:Nimrod Expedition
2696:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2255:M. Pronchishcheva
2177:Siberian Cossacks
1646:Northwest Passage
979:Research stations
936:Polar exploration
804:, pp. 66–68.
756:978-0-09-131190-2
727:978-0-471-37790-0
506:, as well as the
489:'Erebus' plinth.
223:Northwest Passage
181:Armar Lowry Corry
60:Northwest Passage
4634:
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4501:
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4429:
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4411:
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4384:
4377:
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4340:Sir Edward Parry
4335:
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4319:Sir George Nares
4314:
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4277:Rochfort Maguire
4272:
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4207:Samuel Cresswell
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3524:Ronne Expedition
3009:
3003:
2867:Dumont d'Urville
2715:
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2250:V. Pronchishchev
957:
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890:Methuen & Co
871:
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776:The Morning Post
767:
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760:
738:
732:
731:
707:
701:
690:
684:
674:
665:
655:
649:
640:
629:
620:
614:
604:
595:
594:
586:
575:
564:
562:
556:
550:
533:
79:George Fairholme
58:to discover the
4642:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4531:
4522:
4513:
4504:
4495:
4486:
4477:
4468:
4459:
4450:
4441:
4432:
4423:
4414:
4405:
4394:
4387:
4380:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4221:James Fitzjames
4219:
4214:Francis Crozier
4212:
4205:
4198:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4172:Sir John Barrow
4170:
4165:Sir George Back
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4091:Franklin (1845)
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4057:
4054:
4024:
4011:
3686:
3678:
3554:McMurdo Station
3423:Modern research
3421:
3409:
3144:O. Nordenskjöld
3007:
3001:
2996:
2912:Ross expedition
2736:
2709:
2688:
2117:
2109:
1650:Northern Canada
1648:
1640:
1493:
1485:
991:
983:
951:
938:
933:
880:
875:
874:
866:
862:
844:
840:
828:
824:
812:
808:
800:
796:
782:
780:
769:
768:
764:
757:
749:. p. 236.
739:
735:
728:
708:
704:
691:
687:
675:
668:
656:
652:
641:
632:
621:
617:
605:
598:
576:
567:
560:
557:
553:
534:
530:
525:
516:Fort Resolution
512:Francis Crozier
474:
412:
392:Lancaster Sound
372:Prince of Wales
365:Barretto Junior
251:Francis Crozier
231:James Fitzjames
201:
132:also shows HMS
95:
65:He was born in
17:
12:
11:
5:
4640:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4612:Lost explorers
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4529:
4520:
4511:
4502:
4493:
4484:
4475:
4466:
4457:
4448:
4439:
4430:
4421:
4412:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4385:
4378:
4371:
4368:Sir James Ross
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4333:Sherard Osborn
4329:
4322:
4315:
4312:Arthur Morrell
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4189:
4182:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4151:Pelham Aldrich
4147:
4140:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4119:British (1875)
4115:
4108:
4105:McClure (1850)
4101:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4030:
4021:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3971:Vostok Station
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3922:Cherry-Garrard
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3762:Southern Cross
3758:
3757:
3756:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3728:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3692:
3690:
3684:Farthest South
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3645:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3599:
3594:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3556:
3551:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3506:
3499:
3494:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3445:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3381:Ross Sea party
3377:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3342:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3246:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3181:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3165:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3075:Southern Cross
3068:Southern Cross
3064:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3012:
3010:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2933:
2927:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2814:Bellingshausen
2804:
2797:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2673:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2123:
2121:
2119:Russian Arctic
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2065:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1935:
1930:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1876:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1561:
1556:
1554:Snæbjörn galti
1551:
1546:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1456:
1449:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1421:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1347:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1300:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1111:
1106:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
995:
989:Farthest North
985:
984:
982:
981:
976:
971:
966:
953:
952:
940:
939:
932:
931:
924:
917:
909:
903:
902:
879:
876:
873:
872:
860:
838:
822:
806:
794:
789:Newspapers.com
762:
755:
733:
726:
720:. p. 74.
702:
700:, 15 June 2017
685:
666:
650:
630:
615:
596:
565:
551:
527:
526:
524:
521:
473:
470:
411:
408:
338:Baretto Junior
327:Baretto Junior
310:, in northern
308:Orkney Islands
229:and Commander
200:
197:
179:under Captain
94:
91:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4639:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4379:
4376:
4375:Sir John Ross
4372:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4305:George Mecham
4302:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:Henry Hoppner
4239:
4236:
4232:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4051:
4046:
4044:
4039:
4037:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3102:Discovery Hut
3100:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2890:
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482:Matthew Noble
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399:John Franklin
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276:is the case.
272:
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261:Richard Beard
258:
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242:
241:daguerreotype
239:commissioned
238:
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227:John Franklin
224:
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211:(16 May 1845)
210:
209:Richard Beard
205:
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46:John Franklin
43:
39:
33:(16 May 1845)
32:
31:Richard Beard
28:
27:daguerreotype
23:
19:
4562:1840s deaths
4533:
4524:
4515:
4507:Investigator
4506:
4497:
4488:
4479:
4470:
4461:
4452:
4443:
4434:
4425:
4416:
4407:
4193:David Buchan
4137:Edward Adams
3977:
3965:Pole of Cold
3963:
3889:
3880:
3848:
3841:
3817:
3788:
3774:
3768:Borchgrevink
3760:
3747:
3732:
3712:
3697:
3666:
3647:
3640:
3624:
3610:
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3584:
3577:
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3501:
3489:
3475:
3461:
3447:
3440:
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3393:
3379:
3372:
3370:
3352:
3344:
3337:
3324:
3315:
3277:
3269:
3260:
3253:
3241:
3234:
3220:
3208:Pourquoi-Pas
3207:
3199:
3191:
3183:
3178:Orcadas Base
3176:
3168:
3155:
3149:C. A. Larsen
3137:
3129:
3115:
3108:
3095:
3087:
3081:Borchgrevink
3074:
3066:
3023:
3015:
2990:C. A. Larsen
2983:
2964:
2955:
2937:
2919:
2910:
2897:
2882:
2873:
2860:
2821:
2807:
2800:
2781:
2766:
2676:
2669:
2652:
2645:
2631:
2616:
2602:
2589:
2564:
2550:
2548:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2490:
2483:
2464:
2430:
2428:
2414:
2412:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2362:
2360:
2341:
2217:
2175:
2158:
2126:
2090:
2088:
2068:
2067:
2047:
2046:
2032:
2019:
2004:
1990:
1981:
1968:
1939:
1927:Investigator
1926:
1917:
1893:
1880:
1872:
1863:
1850:
1821:
1798:
1783:
1768:
1738:
1723:
1693:
1612:
1592:
1563:
1559:Erik the Red
1541:
1519:
1512:
1469:submersibles
1466:
1460:Arktika 2007
1458:
1451:
1444:
1441:
1425:
1416:
1413:
1394:
1392:
1385:
1378:
1349:
1342:
1318:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1293:
1259:
1257:
1228:
1225:
1214:S. A. Andrée
1206:
1193:
1168:
1160:
1157:
1133:
1115:
1102:
1093:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1030:
885:
863:
849:
841:
825:
818:Polar Record
817:
809:
797:
787:– via
781:. Retrieved
774:
765:
742:
736:
716:. New York:
712:
705:
688:
653:
618:
588:
554:
541:
537:
531:
494:
491:
487:
465:
458:Parks Canada
455:
446:
440:
425:
413:
396:
383:
379:
375:
371:
364:
359:
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345:
341:
337:
331:
326:
321:
293:
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274:
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245:
235:
217:
214:
188:
176:
172:
169:
160:
146:
141:
137:
133:
129:
113:
103:
98:
96:
93:Naval career
74:
64:
50:
37:
36:
18:
4557:1821 births
4354:Bedford Pim
4062:Expeditions
3668:Lake Vostok
3618:Tryoshnikov
3540:Schlossbach
3431:Christensen
3373:James Caird
3294:E. R. Evans
3060:Dobrowolski
3030:de Gerlache
2732:Expeditions
2618:Aviaarktika
2572:Samoylovich
2443:Kolomeitsev
2337:Middendorff
2297:Gedenshtrom
1717:I. Fyodorov
1479:Chilingarov
1367:E. Fyodorov
974:Expeditions
802:Cyriax 1939
500:Dan Simmons
438:in London.
420:Repulse Bay
138:Wilberforce
54:during the
4551:Categories
4453:Enterprise
4417:Assistance
3891:Terra Nova
3796:Shackleton
3739:J. C. Ross
3698:Resolution
3688:South Pole
3463:New Swabia
3387:Mackintosh
3359:Shackleton
3278:Terra Nova
3271:Terra Nova
3005:Heroic Age
2965:Challenger
2925:J. C. Ross
2835:Bransfield
2767:Resolution
2682:icebreaker
2646:Chelyuskin
2387:expedition
2365:Expedition
2307:Matyushkin
2265:Kh. Laptev
2260:Chelyuskin
2154:Heemskerck
2144:Chancellor
2139:Willoughby
2134:Koch boats
2077:Stefansson
2011:McClintock
1975:Inglefield
1817:J. C. Ross
1724:Resolution
1576:Cunningham
1474:Sagalevich
1163:expedition
1122:Stephenson
1082:C. F. Hall
1069:expedition
1043:J. C. Ross
1006:Heemskerck
993:North Pole
888:. London:
836:Collection
783:31 October
747:Hutchinson
745:. London:
664:Collection
613:Collection
523:References
495:The Terror
462:epaulettes
428:McClintock
388:Baffin Bay
376:Enterprise
296:Greenhithe
153:Syrian War
109:Midshipman
104:Madagascar
42:Royal Navy
4516:Racehorse
4444:Discovery
3990:Tolstikov
3776:Discovery
3746:HMS
3731:HMS
3713:Adventure
3711:HMS
3696:HMS
3632:Tolstikov
3353:Endurance
3138:Antarctic
3123:Drygalski
3096:Discovery
3089:Discovery
3050:Arctowski
2963:HMS
2936:HMS
2930:Abernethy
2918:HMS
2896:USS
2883:Vincennes
2881:USS
2861:Astrolabe
2801:San Telmo
2782:Adventure
2780:HMS
2765:HMS
2760:Kerguelen
2722:Continent
2707:Antarctic
2584:Urvantsev
2542:Vilkitsky
2395:Jeannette
2393:USS
2385:Jeannette
2349:Weyprecht
2327:Pakhtusov
2277:Chichagov
2270:D. Laptev
2213:Permyakov
2188:Stadukhin
2183:Perfilyev
2160:Mangazeya
2098:H. Larsen
2063:Rasmussen
2018:HMS
1989:USS
1938:HMS
1925:HMS
1889:Collinson
1879:HMS
1871:HMS
1849:HMS
1797:HMS
1782:HMS
1767:HMS
1752:Mackenzie
1739:Discovery
1737:HMS
1722:HMS
1694:Discovery
1673:Frobisher
1636:Rasmussen
1549:Gunnbjörn
1495:Greenland
1424:USS
1415:USS
1287:Ellsworth
1229:Roosevelt
1159:Nansen's
1116:Discovery
1114:HMS
1101:HMS
1048:Abernethy
1016:Marmaduke
410:Artifacts
334:Disko Bay
320:HMS
316:Greenland
304:Stromness
269:Fitzjames
185:Devonport
173:Excellent
4525:Resolute
4002:A. Fuchs
3959:V. Fuchs
3939:McKinley
3902:E. Evans
3861:Bjaaland
3856:Amundsen
3806:Marshall
3719:Furneaux
3571:V. Fuchs
3535:E. Ronne
3530:F. Ronne
3469:Ritscher
3323:SY
3311:Filchner
3255:Framheim
3249:Amundsen
3055:Racoviță
3040:Amundsen
3035:Lecointe
2904:Ringgold
2898:Porpoise
2788:Furneaux
2624:Shevelev
2579:Begichev
2558:Amundsen
2520:Nagórski
2498:Brusilov
2492:Sv. Anna
2406:Melville
2376:Palander
2332:Tsivolko
2292:Sannikov
2287:Billings
2230:Chirikov
2149:Barentsz
2091:St. Roch
2082:Bartlett
2056:Amundsen
2040:Sverdrup
1940:Resolute
1829:Franklin
1757:Kotzebue
1624:Sverdrup
1607:Scoresby
1581:Lindenov
1432:Plaisted
1417:Nautilus
1362:Shirshov
1336:Belyakov
1331:Baydukov
1305:Nautilus
1267:Amundsen
1227:SS
1186:Sverdrup
1181:Johansen
1151:Brainard
1146:Lockwood
1001:Barentsz
581:(1849).
549:, London
416:John Rae
404:John Rae
312:Scotland
136:and HMS
67:Kinnoull
4435:Carcass
4426:Blossom
4007:Messner
3954:Hillary
3934:Balchen
3882:Polheim
3876:Wisting
3754:Crozier
3726:Weddell
3704:J. Cook
3674:Kapitsa
3655:Fiennes
3597:Klenova
3566:Hillary
3516:Ketchum
3442:BANZARE
3417:·
3262:Polheim
3228:Shirase
3214:Charcot
3024:Belgica
2943:Crozier
2855:Morrell
2850:Weddell
2828:Lazarev
2773:J. Cook
2727:History
2677:Arktika
2653:Krassin
2638:Voronin
2610:Schmidt
2596:Ushakov
2535:Vaygach
2503:Albanov
2472:Rusanov
2453:Kolchak
2448:Matisen
2422:Makarov
2401:De Long
2302:Wrangel
2282:Lyakhov
2235:Malygin
2193:Dezhnev
2020:Pandora
1991:Advance
1958:Kennedy
1953:Belcher
1946:Kellett
1933:McClure
1857:Beechey
1851:Blossom
1844:Simpson
1812:Crozier
1805:Hoppner
1762:J. Ross
1730:J. Cook
1678:Gilbert
1571:J. Hall
1537:Ingólfr
1527:Naddodd
1521:Vikings
1508:Brendan
1503:Pytheas
1491:Iceland
1445:Arktika
1437:Herbert
1402:Badygin
1372:Krenkel
1357:Papanin
1326:Chkalov
1312:Wilkins
1277:Wisting
1221:F. Cook
1127:Markham
1087:Bessels
1076:Polaris
1067:Polaris
1038:J. Ross
1021:Carolus
969:History
898:9183074
878:Sources
369:whalers
360:Rattler
322:Rattler
253:of the
221:on its
48:on the
4534:Terror
4498:Herald
4480:Griper
4462:Erebus
4129:People
3917:Bowers
3912:Wilson
3871:Hassel
3866:Helmer
3835:Mackay
3825:Mawson
3790:Nimrod
3748:Terror
3733:Erebus
3660:Burton
3455:Rymill
3331:Mawson
3325:Aurora
3304:Lashly
3289:Wilson
3192:Nimrod
3169:Scotia
2976:Murray
2951:Cooper
2938:Terror
2920:Erebus
2889:Wilkes
2840:Palmer
2808:Vostok
2755:Bouvet
2679:-class
2659:Gakkel
2527:Taymyr
2508:Konrad
2477:Kuchin
2415:Yermak
2322:Lavrov
2240:Ovtsyn
2225:Bering
2203:Ivanov
2166:Hudson
2128:Pomors
2105:Cowper
2070:Karluk
1969:Isabel
1963:Bellot
1913:Austin
1881:Terror
1873:Erebus
1769:Griper
1745:Clerke
1705:Baffin
1688:Hudson
1619:Nansen
1532:Garðar
1453:Barneo
1320:ANT-25
1296:Italia
1272:Nobile
1241:Henson
1200:Amedeo
1176:Nansen
1141:Greely
1011:Hudson
949:Arctic
896:
753:
724:
683:online
542:Terror
538:Erebus
472:Legacy
466:Erebus
447:Erebus
384:Erebus
380:Terror
346:Terror
342:Erebus
290:(1845)
265:Erebus
256:Terror
246:Erebus
218:Erebus
189:Erebus
177:Superb
161:Albert
149:Beirut
142:Albert
130:Albert
114:Ganges
99:Gannet
51:Erebus
4489:Hecla
4408:Alert
4399:Ships
3997:Crary
3944:Dufek
3907:Oates
3897:Scott
3830:David
3811:Adams
3782:Barne
3603:Mirny
3592:Somov
3402:Quest
3299:Crean
3284:Scott
3163:Bruce
3117:Gauss
3110:Gauss
2984:Jason
2971:Nares
2845:Davis
2822:Mirny
2795:Smith
2750:Roché
2670:Lenin
2590:Sadko
2515:Wiese
2460:Sedov
2431:Zarya
2354:Payer
2317:Litke
2312:Anjou
2245:Minin
2208:Vagin
2198:Popov
2171:Poole
2026:Young
1839:Dease
1784:Hecla
1775:Parry
1700:Bylot
1683:Davis
1658:Cabot
1631:Peary
1613:Jason
1600:Egede
1514:Papar
1426:Skate
1407:Wiese
1387:NP-37
1380:NP-36
1260:Norge
1248:Sedov
1236:Peary
1194:Jason
1109:Nares
1103:Alert
1058:Hayes
1026:Parry
964:Ocean
318:with
134:Sudan
71:Perth
4471:Fury
3929:Byrd
3850:Fram
3801:Wild
3483:Marr
3449:BGLE
3436:Byrd
3364:Wild
3243:Fram
3045:Cook
2566:AARI
2551:Maud
2438:Toll
2363:Vega
2049:Gjøa
2034:Fram
1997:Kane
1834:Back
1799:Fury
1790:Lyon
1712:Munk
1351:NP-1
1253:Byrd
1170:Fram
1161:Fram
1053:Kane
894:OCLC
785:2018
751:ISBN
722:ISBN
540:and
382:and
363:and
344:and
300:Kent
3626:3rd
3612:2nd
3586:1st
3419:IGY
3415:IPY
2005:Fox
1901:Rae
1467:Mir
1443:NS
498:by
386:in
183:at
75:née
69:in
29:by
4553::
2531:/
892:.
854:,
848:,
832:,
816:,
773:.
696:,
679:,
669:^
660:,
645:,
633:^
609:,
599:^
587:.
568:^
468:.
453:.
306:,
298:,
121:.
89:.
4049:e
4042:t
4035:v
3008:"
3002:"
2945:)
2941:(
2932:)
2923:(
928:e
921:t
914:v
900:.
791:.
759:.
730:.
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