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in which "the sides of the alleys were all, as it were, walled in with roses white and red and jasmine; insomuch that there was no part of the garden but one might walk there not merely in the morning but at high noon in grateful shade." Jasmine water also features in the story of
Salabaetto in the
394:
Its entry into
European gardens was most likely through the Arab-Norman culture of Sicily, but, as the garden historian John Harvey has said, "surprisingly little is known, historically or archaeologically, of the cultural life of pre-Norman Sicily". In the mid-14th century the
497:
has a heavy, sweet scent valued by perfumers. The flowers release their perfume at dusk, so flowers are picked at night and a tiny amount of oil is obtained from each blossom by solvent extraction. The result is an expensive oil which can be used in low concentrations.
517:
It is unknown whether jasmine consumption affects breastmilk, as the safety and efficacy of jasmine in nursing mothers or infants has not been adequately studied. Drinking small amounts of jasmine tea likely are not harmful during nursing.
331:). The species is also widely cultivated in many places, and is reportedly naturalized in Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Algeria, Florida and the West Indies.
793:"They then took from the basket silver vases of great beauty, some of which were filled with rose water, some with orange water, some with jasmine water, and some with lemon water, which they sprinkled upon them".
910:
1295:
1373:
903:
1471:
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leaves and clusters of starry, pure white flowers in summer, which are the source of its heady scent. The leaf has 5 to 9 leaflets.
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It is found in the
Caucasus, northern Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Himalayas, Tajikistan, India, Nepal and western China (
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has been found to contain alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, emodine,
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838:
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were recorded among "foreign" plants in
Chinese texts, and that in ninth-century Chinese texts
422:, "of the household office" where perfumes were distilled, was so thoroughly naturalized that
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301:
167:
1427:
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32:
8:
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Double forms, here as among many flowers, were treasured in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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Oleaceae. It is native to the
Caucasus and parts of Asia, also widely naturalized.
232:
1157:
1409:
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thought it was native to
Switzerland. As a garden plant in London it features in
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is so ancient in cultivation that its country of origin, though somewhere in
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world for the intense fragrance of its flowers in summer. It is also the
700:"Pharmacology and Medicinal Properties of Jasminum Officinale- A Review"
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369:, notes that in the third century CE, jasmines identifiable as
1183:
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324:
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foliage. The cultivar 'Argenteovariegatum', with cream-white
62:
210:
Floral wreath of jasmine representing the shield of
Pakistan
959:
285:
628:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.
258:, and is particularly valued by gardeners throughout the
873:. LactMed, US National Library of Medicine. 17 May 2021
844:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 56
1543:
918:
704:Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
449:have been developed for garden use, often with
904:
391:is a version of the Persian and Arabic name.
911:
897:
865:
863:
861:
859:
510:" (GRAS) as a food ingredient by the U.S.
31:
697:
672:
551:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
472:
346:, steroids, anthocyanins, phlobatinins,
205:
198:
191:
856:
620:
618:
602:United States Department of Agriculture
593:Germplasm Resources Information Network
334:
1544:
578:
576:
574:
1107:
1106:
892:
626:RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants
534:
1389:bc420290-4ebd-4981-8ca3-256484048716
677:. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley.
666:
650:"Jasminum officinale - Plant Finder"
615:
540:
749:, 1959, noted in Coats (1964) 1992.
571:
13:
14:
1628:
730:Garden Shrubs and Their Histories
353:
1562:Flora of the Indian subcontinent
1490:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:609672-1
49:
831:
805:
796:
787:
774:
761:
654:www.missouribotanicalgarden.org
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310:
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691:
642:
457:on the leaves, has gained the
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1:
819:. Royal Horticultural Society
698:Al-Snafi, Ali Esmail (2018).
598:Agricultural Research Service
527:
1602:National symbols of Pakistan
920:National symbols of Pakistan
512:Food and Drug Administration
508:generally recognized as safe
440:
295:
7:
1597:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
802:Noted in Coats (1964) 1992.
747:The Garden Flowers of China
673:Harrison, Lorraine (2012).
459:Royal Horticultural Society
367:The Garden Flowers of China
365:, is not certain. H.L. Li,
10:
1633:
1115:
1057:
1006:
971:
926:
839:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
501:
173:
166:
46:Scientific classification
44:
39:
30:
23:
1612:Medicinal plants of Asia
1592:Plants described in 1753
952:Faith, Unity, Discipline
942:State emblem of Pakistan
675:RHS Latin for Gardeners
281:is a vigorous, twining
40:Botanical illustration
998:(Mother of the Nation)
982:(Father of the Nation)
813:"RHS Plant Selector -
716:10.5281/zenodo.1214994
524:to jasmine may occur.
478:
383:was said to come from
211:
203:
196:
1617:Garden plants of Asia
1557:Flora of Western Asia
817:'Argenteovariegatum'"
476:
463:Award of Garden Merit
288:with sharply pointed
209:
202:
195:
387:. Its Chinese name,
335:Chemical composition
238:It is also known as
1567:Flora of Tajikistan
1441:Jasminum officinale
1147:Jasminum officinale
1117:Jasminum officinale
1030:Jasminum officinale
979:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
963:(national language)
815:Jasminum officinale
586:Jasminum officinale
487:Jasminum officinale
420:Jasminum officinale
359:Jasminum officinale
279:Jasminum officinale
216:Jasminum officinale
177:Jasminum officinale
25:Jasminum officinale
1607:Dermatologic drugs
758:Coats (1964) 1992.
522:Allergic reactions
479:
227:, is a species of
212:
204:
197:
159:J. officinale
1539:
1538:
1423:Open Tree of Life
1109:Taxon identifiers
1100:
1099:
1089:Pakistan Monument
1049:(national animal)
1041:(national animal)
1033:(national flower)
937:(national anthem)
769:Mediaeval gardens
344:leucoanthocyanins
307:means "useful".
190:
189:
1624:
1582:Flora of Sichuan
1577:Flora of Guizhou
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1366:NBNSYS0000033956
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1022:Chukar partridge
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728:Alice M. Coats,
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710:(4): 2191–2197.
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553:. Archived from
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302:specific epithet
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35:
21:
20:
16:Species of shrub
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1587:Flora of Yunnan
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1410:Observation.org
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1025:(national bird)
1024:
1017:(national tree)
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990:(National poet)
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432:Names of Herbes
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264:National flower
229:flowering plant
219:, known as the
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1572:Flora of Tibet
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1529:wfo-0000813314
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1014:Cedrus deodara
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987:Muhammad Iqbal
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684:978-1845337315
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635:978-1405332965
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543:BSBI List 2007
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428:William Turner
355:
354:Garden history
352:
350:and saponins.
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244:poet's jasmine
240:summer jasmine
221:common jasmine
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1073:Mazar-e-Quaid
1071:
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1065:Faisal Mosque
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1007:Other symbols
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995:Fatima Jinnah
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934:Qaumi Taranah
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767:John Harvey,
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732:(1964) 1992,
731:
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560:on 2015-06-26
556:
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483:essential oil
477:Essential oil
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429:
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421:
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411:walled garden
408:
407:
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381:J. officinale
378:
377:
372:
371:J. officinale
368:
364:
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351:
349:
348:essential oil
345:
341:
340:J. officinale
332:
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293:
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271:
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257:
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249:
248:white jasmine
245:
241:
236:
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231:in the olive
230:
226:
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185:
180:
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169:
168:Binomial name
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76:Tracheophytes
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47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1116:
1046:Snow leopard
1029:
927:Main symbols
875:. Retrieved
846:. Retrieved
833:
823:25 September
821:. Retrieved
814:
807:
798:
789:
784:, third day.
781:
776:
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763:
754:
746:
741:
733:
729:
724:
707:
703:
693:
674:
668:
657:. Retrieved
653:
644:
625:
605:. Retrieved
591:
585:
562:. Retrieved
555:the original
542:
536:
520:
516:
506:Jasmine is "
505:
494:
491:aromatherapy
486:
480:
469:Aromatherapy
444:
436:
431:
419:
415:
409:describes a
404:
393:
389:Yeh-hsi-ming
388:
380:
374:
370:
366:
363:Central Asia
358:
357:
339:
338:
314:
311:Distribution
304:
299:
278:
277:
255:
252:true jasmine
251:
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145:
108:
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82:
69:
24:
18:
1348:NatureServe
1270:iNaturalist
1141:Wikispecies
1076:(mausoleum)
780:Boccaccio,
736:"Jasminum".
489:is used in
455:variegation
274:Description
89:Angiosperms
1546:Categories
1464:kew-351433
1459:Plant List
1092:(monument)
1084:(monument)
1058:Structures
771:(1981:48).
659:2021-10-05
607:2 December
564:2014-10-17
528:References
493:. Jasmine
451:variegated
397:Florentine
305:officinale
300:The Latin
223:or simply
1236:200017787
1223:200017787
871:"Jasmine"
782:Decameron
447:cultivars
445:Numerous
441:Cultivars
416:Decameron
406:Decameron
401:Boccaccio
385:Byzantium
376:J. sambac
327:(Tibet),
296:Etymology
283:deciduous
260:temperate
256:jessamine
153:Species:
59:Kingdom:
1552:Jasminum
1516:23000192
1511:Tropicos
1353:2.139700
1301:11210196
1288:609672-1
1126:Wikidata
1068:(mosque)
848:14 March
495:absolute
434:, 1548.
424:Linnaeus
268:Pakistan
146:Jasminum
135:Oleaceae
131:Family:
125:Lamiales
115:Asterids
102:Eudicots
1335:MoBotPF
1249:3172261
1132:Q515610
1038:Markhor
955:(motto)
403:in his
399:author
321:Sichuan
317:Guizhou
290:pinnate
286:climber
225:jasmine
141:Genus:
121:Order:
63:Plantae
1472:PLANTS
1415:136385
1386:NZOR:
1379:126433
1340:282951
1327:503238
1314:115017
1275:164233
1210:176410
1184:487209
1158:149200
1155:APDB:
972:People
877:24 May
681:
632:
502:Safety
329:Yunnan
325:Xizang
233:family
1448:PFI:
1428:78874
1397:NZPCN
1296:IRMNG
1262:20668
1205:EUNIS
1197:IASOF
1171:3QMN7
842:(PDF)
558:(xls)
547:(xls)
109:Clade
96:Clade
83:Clade
70:Clade
1503:9454
1485:POWO
1477:JAOF
1451:3969
1436:PfaF
1402:3323
1374:NCBI
1322:ITIS
1283:IPNI
1257:GRIN
1244:GBIF
1192:EPPO
960:Urdu
879:2023
850:2018
825:2020
745:Li,
734:s.v.
679:ISBN
630:ISBN
609:2014
481:The
373:and
1524:WFO
1498:RHS
1361:NBN
1309:ISC
1231:FoC
1218:FNA
1179:EoL
1166:CoL
712:doi
485:of
461:'s
430:'s
266:of
254:or
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652:.
617:^
600:,
596:.
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573:^
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465:.
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323:,
319:,
270:.
250:,
246:,
242:,
184:L.
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898:v
881:.
852:.
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718:.
714::
687:.
662:.
638:.
611:.
588:"
584:"
567:.
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