38:
335:
214:. Devlin replied that he "got them as the Jayhawk gets its birds in Ireland", which he explained as follows: "In Ireland a bird, which is called the Jayhawk, flies about after dark, seeking the roosts and nests of smaller birds, and not only robs nests of eggs, but frequently kills the birds." McReynolds understood Devlin had acquired his horses in the same manner the Jayhawk got its prey, and used the term in a Southern Kansas Herald newspaper column to describe a case of theft in the ongoing partisan violence. The term was quickly picked up by other newspapers, and "Jayhawkers" soon came to denote the militants and thieves affiliated with the Free State cause.
283:
46:
405:
364:
western
Missouri had been laid waste, by an assortment of Kansas Jayhawkers ranging from outlaws and independent military bands to rogue federal troops such as Lane's Brigade and Jennison's Jayhawkers. In February 1862, the Union command instituted martial law due to "the crime of armed depredations or jay-hawking having reached a height dangerous to the peace and posterity to the whole State (Kansas) and seriously compromising the Union cause in the border counties of Missouri."
1536:
425:
gracefully sailing in the air until "the audience of jays and other small but jealous and vicious birds sail in and jab him until he gets tired of show life and slides out of trouble in the lower earth." In the Pat Devlin stories, the jayhawk is described more in terms of its behavior (bullying, robbing, and killing) than the type of bird it is.
354:
however, is regarded as more purely an indiscriminate thief and murderer than the
Jayhawker or Bushwhacker. A Bushwhacker is a rebel Jayhawker, or a rebel who bands with others for the purpose of preying upon the lives and property of Union citizens. They are all lawless and indiscriminate in their iniquities.
368:
East
Kentucky and East Tennessee mountains, did the Civil War degenerate so completely into a squalid, murderous, slugging match as it did in Kansas and Missouri." The most infamous event in this war of raids and reprisals was Confederate leader William Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas, known as the
424:
Historic descriptions of the ornithological origin of the "Jayhawker" term have varied. Writing on the troubles in Kansas
Territory in 1859, one journalist stated the jayhawk was a hawk that preys on the jay. One of the "Jayhawkers of '49" recalled that the name sprang from their observation of hawks
367:
One expert on the
Jayhawkers stated that the Border War would have been bad enough given the fighting between secessionist and unionist Missourians, "but it was basically Kansas craving for revenge and Kansas craving for loot that set the tone of the war. Nowhere else, with the grim exception of the
294:
Jayhawking was a prominent aspect of Union military operations in western
Missouri during the first year of the war. In addition to Osceola, the smaller Missouri towns of Morristown, Papinsvile, Butler, Dayton, and Columbus and large numbers of rural homes were also pillaged by Kansas troops led by
452:
Plunderers and militant abolitionists were referred to as "Jayhawkers" or "Red Legs" and both were used as terms of derision towards those from Kansas after the Civil War. The term "Jayhawk" has evolved over the years to a term of pride used by some
Kansans. The term "Red Leg" as applied to Kansans
428:
The link between the term "Jayhawkers" and any specific kind of bird, if such an association ever existed, had been lost or at least obscured by the time KU's bird mascot was invented in 1912, which was meant to serve as a visual representation of the
Jayhawker movement, an homage by the university
253:
The
Jayhawker term was applied not only to Jennison and his command, but to any Kansas troops engaged in punitive operations against the civilian population of western Missouri, in which the plundering and arson that characterized the territorial struggles were repeated, but on a much larger scale.
391:
As the war continued, the "Jayhawker" term came to be used by
Confederates as a derogatory term for any troops from Kansas, but the term also had different meanings in different parts of the country. In Arkansas, the term was used by Confederate Arkansans as an epithet for any marauder, robber, or
322:
described Jennison's regiment as "no better than a band of robbers; they cross the line, rob, steal, plunder, and burn whatever they can lay their hands upon. They disgrace the name and uniform of American soldiers and are driving good Union men into the ranks of the secession army." There were no
209:
Another early reference to the term (as applied to the Kansas troubles) emerging at that time is provided in the retrospective account of Kansas newspaperman John McReynolds. McReynolds reportedly picked up the term from Pat Devlin, a Free State partisan described as "nothing more nor less than a
363:
The depredations of the Jayhawkers contributed to the descent of the Missouri–Kansas border region into some of the most vicious guerrilla fighting of the Civil War. In the first year of the war, much of the movable wealth in western Missouri had been transferred to Kansas, and large swaths of
353:
Jayhawkers, Red Legs, and Bushwhackers are everyday terms in Kansas and Western Missouri. A Jayhawker is a Unionist who professes to rob, burn out and murder only rebels in arms against the government. A Red Leg is a Jayhawker originally distinguished by the uniform of red leggings. A Red Leg,
429:
to the state's history. The originator of the bird mascot, Henry Maloy, struggled for over two years to create a pictorial symbol for the team, until hitting upon the bird idea. As explained by Maloy, "the term 'jayhawk' in the school yell was a verb and the term 'Jayhawkers' was the noun."
969:
Americanisms – Old & New: a Dictionary of Words, Phrases And Colloquialisms Peculiar to the United States, British America, the West Indies, Etc. Etc., Their Derivation, Meaning And Application, Together With Numerous Anecdotal, Historical, Explanatory, And Folk-lore
474:
radio show episode "Texas Cowboys" (1954 Radio), Jayhawkers follow a cattle drive and continue to stampede the herd. Marshal Matt Dillon allows the cowboys to "hurrah" Dodge. Jayhawkers were also the subject of the October 16, 1955 episode "Trouble in
1078:
History of Kansas Newspapers: A History of the Newspapers And Magazines Published In Kansas From the Organization of Kansas Territory, 1854, to January 1, 1916; Together With Brief Statistical Information of the Counties, Cities And Towns of the
230:, one of the territorial-era jayhawkers, was authorized to raise a regiment of cavalry to serve in the Union army, he characterized the unit as the "Independent Kansas Jay-Hawkers" on a recruiting poster. The regiment was officially termed the
186:
G. Murlin Welch, a historian of the territorial period described the Jayhawkers as bands of men that were willing to fight, kill, and rob for a variety of motives that included defense against pro-slavery "Border Ruffians", abolition, driving
198:" era is generally regarded as beginning in 1856, the earliest documented uses of the term "jayhawker" during the Kansas troubles were in the late 1850s, after the issue of slavery in Kansas had essentially been decided in favor of the
238:. Thus, the term became associated with Union troops from Kansas. After the regiment was banished from the Missouri–Kansas border in the spring of 1862, it went on to participate in several battles including Union victories of the
1300:
1243:
502:(1959) depicts a charismatic leader (Jeff Chandler) of a new independent Republic of Kansas in a showdown with an ex-renegade raider (Fess Parker), sent by the military governor to capture him and bring him to justice.
172:
Confederated at first for defense against pro-slavery outrages, but ultimately falling more or less completely into the vocation of robbers and assassins, they have received the name—whatever its origin may be—of
395:
Over time, proud of their state's contributions to the end of slavery and the preservation of the Union, Kansans embraced the "Jayhawker" term. The term came to be applied to people or items related to Kansas.
416:
fielded their first football team in 1890, the team was called the Jayhawkers. Over time, the name was gradually supplanted by its shorter variant, and KU's sports teams are now exclusively known as the
439:
In 2017, the Kansas football team unveiled uniforms with an American flag on the helmet, blue jerseys, and red pants which featured the words "Kansas Jay-Hawkers" above a seal featuring a sword and a
379:
Intended to eliminate sanctuary and sustenance for pro-Confederate guerrilla fighters, it was enforced by troops from Kansas, and provided an excuse for a final round of plundering, arson, and
168:
period. The term came to be used to describe militant bands nominally associated with the free-state cause. One early Kansas history contained this succinct characterization of the Jayhawkers:
392:
thief regardless of Union or Confederate affiliation. In Louisiana, the term was used to describe anti-Confederate guerrillas; in Texas, free-booting bands of draft dodgers and deserters.
1042:
848:
346:, a captain of Jennison's Regiment, who resigned and turned to jayhawking. Cleveland operated under cover of supposed Unionism, but was outside the Union military command.
1127:
436:
produced a declaration condemning what city leadership viewed as a connection between the Jayhawk mascot and the historical Jayhawkers who burned the town in 1861.
1220:
383:
perpetrated against the civilian population of western Missouri. In the words of one observer, "the Kansas–Missouri border was a disgrace even to barbarism."
819:
Dictionary of Americanisms. A glossary of words and phrases, usually regarded as peculiar to the United States; Fourth edition, greatly improved and enlarged
1596:
1606:
246:. Late in the war, the regiment returned to Kansas and contributed to Union victory in one of the last major battles in the Missouri–Kansas theater, the
1350:
202:
cause. The earliest dated mention of the name comes from the autobiography of August Bondi, who came to Kansas in 1855. Bondi said he observed General
342:
Further compounding confusion over what the term Jayhawker meant along the Missouri–Kansas border was its use in describing outright criminals like
1499:
1036:
511:
episode called "Incident of the Phantom Bugler" a group referred to as Jayhawkers attempt to extort money from Gil Favor and crew to cross river.
493:
episode called "The Jayhawkers," men of that name try to extort money from cattle-drivers by threatening to scatter their herds unless paid off.
37:
1077:
323:
charges against Lane, Jennison, or other officers under Lane's command for their role in the jayhawking raids of 1861–1862, but Union General
1019:
210:
dangerous bully." In mid-1858, McReynolds asked Devlin where he had acquired two fine horses that he had recently brought into the town of
1329:
1182:
155:
himself, who have had every hoof confiscated, or jayhawked, which is about the same thing, for all the benefit it is to the Government.
1611:
1351:"Address to the public, vindicating a work of art illustrative of the federal military policy in Missouri during the late civil war"
1579:
Pogo Comic Strip: The legendary comic strip "Pogo" considered the Kansas Jayhawk in this original art drawn by creator Walt Kelly,
1130:. The regimental history of the Second Kansas Volunteer Infantry as published in the Adjutant General's Report, Vol. 2, pp. 93-97,
1013:
Kansas: a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc.
1060:
1003:. Pleasanton, Kan.: Published for the Linn County Historical Society by Linn County Publishers, 1977. Chapter XV, End note No. 20.
311:, among others. Scores if not hundreds of Missouri families were burned out of their homes in the middle of the winter of 1862.
1425:
632:
231:
203:
967:
103:, or anybody born in Kansas. Today a modified version of the term, Jayhawk, is used as a nickname for a native-born Kansan.
1616:
1103:"Origin of the Word Jayhawking In Application to the People of Kansas. Incidents in the early History of the Territory".
581:
334:
56:, where the Jayhawker group of 49ers killed their oxen, chopped the wagons, dried the meat, and set off westward on foot.
523:(1976) took up the Confederate cause after Redleg Jayhawkers from Kansas killed his son and raped and murdered his wife.
679:
call sign is the Fighting Jayhawks, and previously the Flying Jayhawks for many years before losing assigned aircraft.
1514:
1492:
704:
296:
255:
952:
817:
1554:
1470:
Kirke Mechem. The Mythical Jayhawk. Kansas Historical Quarterly, February 1944 (Vol. 13, No. 1), pages 1 to 15.
1406:
1376:
740:
443:. Kansas Athletics stated that the red pants was an homage to the term "Redlegs," another name for Jayhawkers.
1305:
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the War of the Union and Confederate Armies
1248:
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the War of the Union and Confederate Armies
349:
A newspaper reporter traveling through Kansas in 1863 provided definitions of jayhawker and associated terms:
131:
It was established that the term was adopted as a nickname by a group of emigrants from Illinois traveling to
933:
Pearl T. Ponce, Kansas's War: The Civil War in Documents (Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio, 2011), p. 174
665:
599:
76:
1626:
1540:
373:
328:
138:
In 1858–59, the slang term "Jayhawking" became widely used as a synonym for stealing. Examples include:
802:
543:
527:
308:
17:
1117:"Origin of the Word 'Jayhawking'". The (Junction City) Smoky Hill and Republican Union. June 18, 1864.
1631:
988:. Pleasanton, Kan.: Published for the Linn County Historical Society by Linn County Publishers, 1977.
654:
639:
621:
1524:(details the origins of the James-Younger and other outlaw gangs in the Kansas-Missouri border war).
1301:
General Order No. 17; Headquarters Department of Kansas, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, February 8, 1862.
1636:
1601:
1038:
Autobiography of August Bondi (1833-1907): Published by His Sons and Daughters for Its Preservation
709:
271:
243:
49:
31:
530:
was portrayed as a racist, vengeful, and larcenous commander of a black regiment in the 1989 film
1203:
661:
614:
282:
1570:
1548:
1326:
1179:
699:
588:
519:
41:
Broadside recruiting men for the Independent Kansas Jay-Hawkers, 1st Kansas Volunteer Cavalry.
117:
164:
The term became part of the lexicon of the Missouri–Kansas border in about 1858, during the
1578:
669:
456:
Items stolen in raids into Missouri were frequently referred to as having been "Jayhawked."
413:
267:
247:
199:
1272:
1016:
27:
Became synonymous with the people of Kansas during the Bleeding Kansas period of the 1850s
8:
1621:
1564:
719:
603:
507:
480:
304:
300:
287:
227:
177:
1307:. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1880-1901, series 1, volume 8, pp. 547-548
1250:. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1880-1901, series 1, volume 8, pp. 448-449
903:(Topeka: Kansas Publishing House, 1875), pp. 615–16; Starr, Jennison's Jayhawkers, p. 29
769:
650:
625:
343:
259:
223:
211:
148:
80:
780:
45:
1510:
1488:
998:
983:
849:
Origin of the Name "Jayhawker," and How It Came to Be Applied to the People of Kansas
568:
532:
433:
380:
369:
327:
succeeded in curtailing Lane's military role, and units of Kansas troops such as the
84:
1422:
577:
165:
124:(1848), but was entered into the fourth improved and enlarged edition in 1877 as a
68:
99:". After the Civil War, the word "Jayhawker" became synonymous with the people of
1429:
1333:
1244:
Major General Henry Halleck to Brigadier General Lorenzo Thomas, January 18, 1862
1186:
1046:
1023:
610:
498:
460:
418:
195:
191:
settlers from their claims of land, revenge, and/or plunder and personal profit.
125:
72:
1393:
1015:
Standard Pub. Co. Chicago : 1912. Vols. I–II edited by Frank W. Blackmar.
694:
573:
560:
514:
319:
263:
239:
152:
92:
1090:"The Kansas War, The Disturbances in Southern Kansas – Brown and Montgomery".
1590:
791:
643:
552:
315:
183:(1889) linked the term with anti-slavery advocates of late 1850s in Kansas.
75:
period of the 1850s; they were adopted by militant bands affiliated with the
404:
672:
for students selected to fly strategic/tactical airlift or tanker aircraft.
592:
587:
An alternative country/alternative rock band originating in the 1980s from
556:
464:
324:
53:
689:
96:
1208:
Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865
1366:. 1892. Reprint. Lawrence, Kans.: Journal Publishing Co., 1898. p. 455.
714:
676:
132:
1547:
1507:
Jennison's Jayhawkers: A Civil War Cavalry Regiment and its Commander.
924:
Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains 34 (Summer 2011):, 117
631:
The United States Army Company A of the 9th aviation battalion of the
1563:
1461:. Fort Scott: Press of the Monitor Book & Print. Co., 1894, p.96.
646:
in the roles of maritime patrol, interdiction, and search and rescue.
222:
The meaning of the jayhawker term evolved in the opening year of the
1026:. Transcribed July 2002 by Carolyn Ward. Accessed January 21, 2011.
489:
399:
88:
1128:
Seventh Regiment (Jennison's Jayhawkers) Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
548:
376:, the forced depopulation of specified Missouri border counties.
188:
1535:
1394:
Some Notes on the Civil War Jayhawkers of Confederate Louisiana
942:
Missourians were called "Bushwackers" and Kansans—"Jayhawkers".
128:
name for a freebooting armed man in the western United States.
100:
1444:(Manitowoc, WI), February 4, 1859, page 1, column A. From the
1154:
Black Flag: Guerrilla Warfare on the Western Border, 1861–1865
440:
1049:. Galesberg, Ill.: Wagoner Printing Co., 1911, pp. 6, 33–34.
538:, where he is referred to as "a real Jayhawker from Kansas."
372:. In response to Quantrill's raid, the Union command issued
478:
A cattle drive being held up by Jayhawkers is depicted in
262:, in the opening months of the war after their defeat by
116:
The term did not appear in the first American edition of
1327:"Kansas Jayhawking Raids Into Western Missouri in 1861"
957:. New York: Boston Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1896
206:
addressing his forces as Jayhawkers in December 1857.
1180:
Kansas Jayhawking Raids into Western Missouri in 1861
1167:
Jayhawkers: The Civil War Brigade of James Henry Lane
1291:. Cedar Rapids, Iowa: The Torch Press. 1910, p. 412.
1081:. Topeka: Kansas state printing plant, 1916, p. 239.
254:
For example, the term "Jayhawkers" also encompassed
1061:
James H. Lane and the Origins of the Kansas Jayhawk
836:
Transactions of the Kansas State Historical Society
1156:. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1995.
834:Fox, Simeon M. "The Story of the Seventh Kansas,"
822:. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1977, p. 321
890:(Kansas City, Kans.: Campbell-Gates, 1928), p. 22
642:operates the medium range twin engine helicopter
277:
159:
1588:
1381:The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture
400:Relationship to the University of Kansas Jayhawk
331:were shuffled off to other theaters of the war.
142:O'ive been over till Eph. Kepley's a-jayhawking.
1065:Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains
563:depicts Jayhawkers raiding Missouri homesteads.
87:who often clashed with pro-slavery groups from
877:Cutler, History of the State of Kansas, 1:878.
151:, working by the day for a living as loyal as
1107:(Iola, Kansas), May 23, 1868; Vol. 2, No. 19.
1000:Border Warfare in Southeast Kansas: 1856–1859
985:Border Warfare in Southeast Kansas: 1856–1859
954:Kansas: The Prelude to the War for the Union
135:in 1849, who got stuck in the Death Valley.
91:, known at the time in Kansas Territory as "
1597:Guerrilla warfare in the American Civil War
1500:"America's Civil War: Missouri and Kansas."
1485:Civil War in Kansas: Reaping the Whirlwind.
853:Kansas State Historical Society Collections
830:
828:
459:The Jayhawkers are featured prominently in
318:on January 18, 1862 in a letter to General
1607:Irregular forces of the American Civil War
1411:, Vol. 13, No. 1, February 1944, pp. 1-15
1076:Henry King, and William Elsey Connelley.
1289:William E. Quantrill and the Border Wars
825:
628:official nickname was The Jayhawk Corps.
403:
333:
281:
44:
36:
14:
1589:
1225:. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2012.
886:William Anselm Mitchell, Linn County,
738:
572:, directed by Oscar-winning filmmaker
217:
1169:. University of Oklahoma Press, 2009.
446:
386:
358:
329:7th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
232:7th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
67:are terms that came to prominence in
751:(1). Kansas Historical Society: 1–15
517:'s Missourian character in the film
453:has disappeared from common lexicon.
973:. London: T. Poulter, 1889, p. 323.
732:
668:operate the advanced pilot trainer
635:official nickname was The Jayhawks.
463:'s historical novel, "Border Hawk:
260:sacked and burned Osceola, Missouri
24:
1477:
1415:
25:
1648:
1528:
792:Jayhawker - Thefreedictionary.com
705:German Americans in the Civil War
1612:Kansas in the American Civil War
1534:
1222:Guerrillas in Civil War Missouri
866:History of Bourbon County Kansas
576:, follows the college career of
1464:
1451:
1435:
1399:
1386:
1369:
1356:
1343:
1319:
1310:
1294:
1281:
1266:
1253:
1237:
1228:
1213:
1196:
1172:
1159:
1146:
1137:
1121:
1110:
1097:
1084:
1070:
1053:
1029:
1006:
991:
976:
960:
945:
936:
927:
918:
906:
893:
880:
871:
598:An unincorporated community in
1555:New International Encyclopedia
858:
841:
810:
796:
785:
781:Jayhwaker - Merriamwebster.com
774:
763:
278:Jayhawking in western Missouri
258:and his Kansas Brigade, which
160:Missouri–Kansas border lexicon
111:
13:
1:
855:, vol. 14, 1918, pp. 203-207.
725:
617:is known as the Jayhawk Wing.
408:The University of Kansas logo
234:, but was popularly known as
1522:A Dynasty of Western Outlaws
1432:. Accessed January 28, 2011.
1377:"Jayhawkers and Bushwackers"
666:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
600:El Dorado County, California
7:
1617:American regional nicknames
1409:Kansas Historical Quarterly
901:Annals of Kansas: 1541–1885
745:Kansas Historical Quarterly
683:
374:General Order No. 11 (1863)
10:
1653:
1421:The University of Kansas,
1338:Missouri Historical Review
1191:Missouri Historical Review
804:Dictionary of Americanisms
770:Jayhawker - Dictionary.com
582:Kansas Jayhawks basketball
122:Dictionary of Americanisms
29:
1581:Kansas Historical Society
1505:Starr, Steven Z. (1974).
1459:History of Bourbon County
1423:"Traditions, The Jayhawk"
1277:Kansas Historical Society
1193:54, no. 1 (October 1959).
1132:Kansas Historical Society
951:Spring, Leverett Wilson.
640:United States Coast Guard
286:Jemison's Jayhawkers, by
181:Americanisms, old and new
106:
1353:. Kansas City, MO. 1871.
1105:The Allen County Courant
1067:34 (Summer 2011): 114–27
816:Bartlett, John Russell.
657:high speed target drone.
272:Battle of Dry Wood Creek
244:Second Battle of Corinth
32:Jayhawk (disambiguation)
1483:Castel, Albert (1997).
1349:Bingham, George Caleb.
662:United States Air Force
615:Commemorative Air Force
1571:Encyclopedia Americana
1520:Wellman, Paul. (1962)
1407:The Mythical Jayhawk,
1375:Daniel E. Sutherland.
966:Farmer, John Stephen.
741:"The Mythical Jayhawk"
739:Mechem, Kirke (1944).
589:Minneapolis, Minnesota
520:The Outlaw Josey Wales
409:
356:
339:
291:
175:
157:
144:
57:
42:
633:9th Infantry Division
432:In 2011, the city of
407:
351:
337:
285:
236:Jennison's Jayhawkers
170:
145:
140:
48:
40:
1543:at Wikimedia Commons
414:University of Kansas
314:Union Major General
268:Missouri State Guard
248:Battle of Mine Creek
30:For other uses, see
1364:The Kansas Conflict
1362:Robinson, Charles.
1340:54/1. October 1959.
1094:, January 28, 1859.
720:William Sloan Tough
700:Quantrill's Raiders
604:Jayhawk, California
544:Ride With the Devil
305:Daniel Read Anthony
301:Charles R. Jennison
288:Adalbert John Volck
218:Kansas Union troops
83:. These gangs were
50:Burned Wagons Point
1627:American Civil War
1428:2012-11-15 at the
1392:Block, William T.
1332:2014-03-14 at the
1273:Marshall Cleveland
1185:2014-03-14 at the
1178:Castel, Albert E.
1152:Goodrich, Thomas.
1092:The New York Times
1045:2015-04-23 at the
1022:2009-03-22 at the
1017:"Jayhawkers" entry
997:Welch, G. Murlin.
982:Welch, G. Murlin.
899:Daniel W. Wilder,
847:William A. Lyman.
651:United States Navy
626:United States Army
526:Jayhawker Colonel
447:Cultural influence
410:
387:Different meanings
359:Guerrilla fighting
344:Marshall Cleveland
340:
338:Marshall Cleveland
292:
224:American Civil War
166:Kansas territorial
81:American Civil War
58:
43:
1565:"Jayhawker"
1549:"Jayhawker"
1539:Media related to
1442:The Daily Tribune
1165:Benedict, Bryce.
915:3 (1873), p. 553.
888:Kansas: A History
434:Osceola, Missouri
381:summary execution
370:Lawrence Massacre
79:cause during the
16:(Redirected from
1644:
1632:Kansas Territory
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1538:
1471:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1449:
1439:
1433:
1419:
1413:
1403:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1373:
1367:
1360:
1354:
1347:
1341:
1325:Castel, Albert.
1323:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1298:
1292:
1285:
1279:
1270:
1264:
1261:Civil War Kansas
1257:
1251:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1219:Erwin, James W.
1217:
1211:
1200:
1194:
1176:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1095:
1088:
1082:
1074:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1033:
1027:
1010:
1004:
995:
989:
980:
974:
964:
958:
949:
943:
940:
934:
931:
925:
922:
916:
910:
904:
897:
891:
884:
878:
875:
869:
862:
856:
845:
839:
832:
823:
814:
808:
800:
794:
789:
783:
778:
772:
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
736:
677:184th Intel Wing
578:Wilt Chamberlain
528:James Montgomery
309:James Montgomery
256:Senator Jim Lane
228:Charles Jennison
69:Kansas Territory
21:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1637:Kansas Jayhawks
1602:Bleeding Kansas
1587:
1586:
1562:
1546:
1531:
1498:Kerrihard, Bo.
1480:
1478:Further reading
1475:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1456:
1452:
1440:
1436:
1430:Wayback Machine
1420:
1416:
1404:
1400:
1391:
1387:
1374:
1370:
1361:
1357:
1348:
1344:
1334:Wayback Machine
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1271:
1267:
1258:
1254:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1218:
1214:
1202:O’Bryan, Tony.
1201:
1197:
1187:Wayback Machine
1177:
1173:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1102:
1098:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1071:
1058:
1054:
1047:Wayback Machine
1034:
1030:
1024:Wayback Machine
1011:
1007:
996:
992:
981:
977:
965:
961:
950:
946:
941:
937:
932:
928:
923:
919:
913:Kansas Magazine
911:
907:
898:
894:
885:
881:
876:
872:
863:
859:
846:
842:
838:8(1904): 13–49.
833:
826:
815:
811:
801:
797:
790:
786:
779:
775:
768:
764:
754:
752:
737:
733:
728:
686:
611:Wichita, Kansas
566:The 2014 movie
551:, and starring
541:The 1999 movie
499:The Jayhawkers!
461:Lloyd Alexander
449:
419:Kansas Jayhawks
402:
389:
361:
325:David H. Hunter
280:
220:
196:Bleeding Kansas
162:
147:Men are now at
114:
109:
93:Border Ruffians
73:Bleeding Kansas
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1650:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1585:
1584:
1576:
1560:
1544:
1530:
1529:External links
1527:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1503:
1502:TheHistoryNet.
1496:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1463:
1457:T. F. Robley,
1450:
1434:
1414:
1405:Kirke Mechem.
1398:
1385:
1368:
1355:
1342:
1318:
1309:
1293:
1280:
1265:
1252:
1236:
1227:
1212:
1195:
1171:
1158:
1145:
1136:
1120:
1109:
1096:
1083:
1069:
1059:Baron, Frank.
1052:
1035:August Bondi.
1028:
1005:
990:
975:
959:
944:
935:
926:
917:
905:
892:
879:
870:
857:
840:
824:
809:
795:
784:
773:
762:
730:
729:
727:
724:
723:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
695:Border Ruffian
692:
685:
682:
681:
680:
673:
658:
655:AQM-37 Jayhawk
647:
636:
629:
618:
607:
596:
585:
574:Kevin Willmott
564:
547:, directed by
539:
524:
515:Clint Eastwood
512:
503:
494:
485:
476:
468:
457:
454:
448:
445:
401:
398:
388:
385:
360:
357:
320:Lorenzo Thomas
279:
276:
264:Sterling Price
240:Battle of Iuka
219:
216:
161:
158:
113:
110:
108:
105:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1649:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1515:0-8071-0218-0
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1493:0-7006-0872-9
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1467:
1460:
1454:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1410:
1402:
1395:
1389:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1365:
1359:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1316:Starr, p. 50.
1313:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1256:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1234:Starr, p. 96.
1231:
1224:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1175:
1168:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1143:Starr, p. 57.
1140:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1113:
1106:
1100:
1093:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1002:
1001:
994:
987:
986:
979:
972:
971:
963:
956:
955:
948:
939:
930:
921:
914:
909:
902:
896:
889:
883:
874:
867:
861:
854:
850:
844:
837:
831:
829:
821:
820:
813:
807:
805:
799:
793:
788:
782:
777:
771:
766:
750:
746:
742:
735:
731:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
678:
674:
671:
667:
663:
659:
656:
653:operates the
652:
648:
645:
644:HH-60 Jayhawk
641:
637:
634:
630:
627:
623:
619:
616:
612:
608:
605:
601:
597:
594:
590:
586:
583:
580:and the 1956
579:
575:
571:
570:
565:
562:
558:
554:
553:Tobey Maguire
550:
546:
545:
540:
537:
536:
535:
529:
525:
522:
521:
516:
513:
510:
509:
504:
501:
500:
495:
492:
491:
486:
483:
482:
477:
473:
469:
466:
462:
458:
455:
451:
450:
444:
442:
437:
435:
430:
426:
422:
420:
415:
406:
397:
393:
384:
382:
377:
375:
371:
365:
355:
350:
347:
345:
336:
332:
330:
326:
321:
317:
316:Henry Halleck
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
289:
284:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
215:
213:
207:
205:
201:
197:
192:
190:
184:
182:
179:
174:
169:
167:
156:
154:
150:
143:
139:
136:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
55:
51:
47:
39:
33:
19:
1580:
1569:
1553:
1521:
1506:
1484:
1466:
1458:
1453:
1446:N.Y. Tribune
1445:
1441:
1437:
1417:
1408:
1401:
1388:
1380:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1345:
1337:
1321:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1263:, pp. 77–80.
1260:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1207:
1198:
1190:
1174:
1166:
1161:
1153:
1148:
1139:
1131:
1123:
1112:
1104:
1099:
1091:
1086:
1072:
1064:
1055:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1012:
1008:
999:
993:
984:
978:
968:
962:
953:
947:
938:
929:
920:
912:
908:
900:
895:
887:
882:
873:
865:
860:
852:
843:
835:
818:
812:
803:
798:
787:
776:
765:
753:. Retrieved
748:
744:
734:
613:wing of the
593:The Jayhawks
567:
557:Skeet Ulrich
542:
533:
531:
518:
506:
497:
488:
481:The Tall Men
479:
471:
465:August Bondi
438:
431:
427:
423:
411:
394:
390:
378:
366:
362:
352:
348:
341:
313:
293:
252:
235:
221:
208:
193:
185:
180:
176:
171:
163:
146:
141:
137:
130:
121:
115:
97:Bushwhackers
64:
60:
59:
54:Death Valley
690:Bushwhacker
670:T-1 Jayhawk
194:While the "
173:jayhawkers.
112:Early usage
71:during the
1622:Union Army
1591:Categories
1541:Jayhawkers
1287:Connelly,
1204:Jayhawkers
726:References
715:Jaywalking
569:Jayhawkers
505:In a 1961
496:The movie
487:In a 1959
297:James Lane
212:Osawatomie
204:James Lane
200:Free State
153:Gen. Blunt
149:Fort Scott
133:California
85:guerrillas
77:free-state
18:Jayhawkers
755:April 14,
622:VII Corps
602:is named
591:is named
412:When the
61:Jayhawker
1426:Archived
1330:Archived
1259:Castel,
1183:Archived
1043:Archived
1020:Archived
868:, p. 95;
864:Robley,
684:See also
664:and the
490:Gunsmoke
475:Kansas."
472:Gunsmoke
242:and the
178:Farmer's
118:Burtlett
89:Missouri
1574:. 1920.
1558:. 1905.
710:Jayhawk
624:of the
549:Ang Lee
508:Rawhide
484:(1955).
470:In the
270:in the
226:. When
189:slavery
65:red leg
1513:
1491:
806:(1848)
559:, and
307:, and
107:Origin
101:Kansas
95:" or "
1303:. In
1246:. In
1079:State
970:Notes
584:team.
561:Jewel
534:Glory
441:rifle
1511:ISBN
1489:ISBN
757:2014
675:The
660:The
649:The
638:The
620:The
609:The
187:pro-
126:cant
63:and
266:'s
120:'s
52:in
1593::
1568:.
1552:.
1379:.
1336:.
1275:,
1206:,
1189:,
1063:.
851:,
827:^
749:13
747:.
743:.
555:,
467:."
421:.
303:,
299:,
274:.
250:.
1517:)
1509:(
1495:)
1487:(
1448:.
1396:.
1383:.
1210:.
1134:.
759:.
606:.
595:.
290:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
