31:
2007:
1181:. This, Lipinski says, implies the existence of a tribe or clan of Yabusi, or Jebusites. (The Semitic letter Y becomes a J in Germanic languages such as English.) However, the clan of Jebusites in the Mari letter may not be the same as the clan of Jebusites living in pre-Davidic Jerusalem. More than one clan or tribe could have had the same name, Lipinski cautions."
536:. The First Book of Chronicles states that the inhabitants of Jebus forbade King David from coming to Jerusalem shortly after he was made king. Joab went up first and took the city and became chief and captain of David's armed forces. The Books of Kings state that once Jerusalem had become an Israelite city, the surviving Jebusites are forced by Solomon to become
634:. According to this hypothesis, after the disgrace of a rival Elide faction of priests in the struggle for succession to David, the family of Zadok became the sole authorized Jerusalem clergy, so that a Jebusite family monopolized the Jerusalem clergy for many centuries before becoming sufficiently attenuated to be indistinguishable from other
697:
go on to state that King David was prevented from entering the city of Jebus for the same reason, and so he promised the reward of captaincy to anyone who destroyed the bronzes – Joab performing the task and so gaining the prize. The covenant is dismissed by the rabbis as having been invalidated
1353:
The preceding Hebrew letters are written in
Aramaic square script, which came into widespread use at and after the time of the Exile. The earlier Paleo-Hebrew letters for "d" and "r" are readily and often confused. The "d" is similar to Greek delta, with the right side of the triangle often extended
685:
that his descendants would not take control of Jebus against the will of the
Jebusites, and then the Jebusites engraved the covenant into bronze; the sources state that the presence of the bronze statues are why the Israelites were not able to conquer the city during Joshua's campaign.
754:
asserts that a general consensus exists among historians and archeologists that modern
Palestinians are "more closely related to the Arabs of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan, and other countries" than to the Jebusites, and that they lack any significant connection to them.
1079:("As for the meaning of the name, it can be assumed to be a compound of the West Semitic elements "yrw" and "slm," probably to be interpreted as "Foundation of (the god) Shalem." Shalem is known from an Ugaritic mythological text as the god of twilight.").
698:
due to the war the
Jebusites fought against Joshua, but nevertheless David (according to the rabbis) paid the Jebusites the full value of the city, collecting the money from among all the Israelite tribes, so that the city became their
1354:
somewhat below the base. The "r" is similar to Greek delta with the right side of the triangle considerably extended below the base. Compare the two in the tabulation presented in the "Letters" section of the article
763:
questioned "the surprising tenacity" of "the myth of the unchanging East" and rejected any assertion of continuity between the "folk beliefs and practices of the modern peasants and nomads" and "pre-Arab times."
713:
which argues that the
Jebusites had two statues in their city, with their mouths containing the words of the covenant between Abraham and the Jebusites; one figure, depicting a blind person, represented
1369:
are even more confusingly similar. See also the table of more than ten successive versions of script beginning from circa 1000 B.C.E. to the second century B.C.E. in the Jewish
Virtual Library article
524::5 mentions the advantage of a speedy attack but does not mention use of the water shafts, and according to many textual scholars the claim in the Masoretic Text could simply be a scribal error; the
810:, p. 152: "Almost without exception, scholars agree that the account in Joshua holds little historical value vis-à-vis early Israel and most likely reflects much later historical times."
649:). Further support for this theory comes from the fact that other Jebusites resident in pre-Israelite Jerusalem bore names invoking the principle or god Zedek (Tzedek) (e.g., Melchizedek and
401:) with Hurrian-based names. Zev Farber believes that the Jebusites were unrecognized Israelites. According to Farber, it explains why the Judahites were confident in delivering the corpse of
500:, but David wished to take control of the city. Understandably the Jebusites contest his attempt to do this, and since Jebus was the strongest fortress in Canaan they gloat that even the
579:, and so most scholars, since they consider the Jebusites to have been Hittite, have argued that Araunah may have been another king of Jerusalem; some scholars additionally believe that
1362:
325:
held the opinion that the
Jebusites were identical to the Hittites, which continues to be the case, though less so. However, an increasingly popular view, first put forward by
1561:
1259:
1538:
1072:
599:. The argument originated from Cheyne, who, prior to knowledge of the Hittite language, proposed the reverse. The narrative is considered by some scholars to be
1383:
193:), although a majority of scholars agree that the Book of Joshua holds little historical value for early Israel and most likely reflects a much later period.
1493:
first espoused the theory that Ēl ‘Elyōn was an ancient god of Salem (i.e., Jerusalem), who after David's annexation of
Jerusalem circa 1000 was equated to
353:. Lipinski also suggests that more than one clan or tribe bore similar names and thus the Jebusites and Yabusi'um may have been separate people altogether.
197:
states that
Jerusalem was known as Jebus before this event. The identification of Jebus with Jerusalem is sometimes disputed by scholars. According to some
742:
are descended from the
Jebusites, in an attempt to argue that the Palestinians have a historic claim to Jerusalem that precedes the Jewish one. Professor
1029:
1373:
279:. Some scholars reckon Jebus to be a different place from Jerusalem; other scholars prefer to see the name of Jebus as a kind of pseudo-ethnic name.
520:, part of a system which connects the spring to the city, has been cited as evidence for the plausibility of such a line of attack. The account in
409:'s head to Jebus, which occurs before the city's conquest. In addition, the Jebusites are portrayed in a more positive light than the residents of
614:. According to the "Jebusite hypothesis," however, the Jebusites persisted as inhabitants of Jerusalem and comprised an important faction in the
1859:
268:"to found, to lay a cornerstone", and Shalim, the Canaanite god of the setting sun and the nether world, as well as of health and perfection.
1945:
zum 80. Geburtstag : gewidmet von Kollegen und Freunden / hrsg. durch Walter Baumgartner, Otto Eissfeldt, Karl Elliger, Leonhard Rost
1882:
1359:
1988:
1690:
1558:
485:
could not dislodge the Jebusites, who were living in Jerusalem ("to this day the Jebusites live there with the people of Judah").
1267:
1061:
945:
1103:
286:
has noted a reference to "Yabusu", which he interprets as an old form of Jebus, on a contract tablet that dates from 2200 BC.
1229:
1202:
374:. This implies that the Jebusites were either Hurrians, were heavily influenced by Hurrian culture, or were dominated by the
1771:
393:
Richard Hess shows four Hurrian names in the Bible's conquest narrative: Piram, king of Jarmuth and Hoham, king of Hebron (
1790:
858:
847:
422:
1535:
1841:
1822:
1800:
1744:
1717:
1675:
1295:
1380:
1069:
1996:
1765:
1698:
1643:
1592:
998:
563:
to King David, which David then constructed an altar on, the implication being that the altar became the core of the
405:, a foreign enemy king, to Jebus in Judges 1:7. A similar incident occurred in 1 Samuel 17:54, where David delivers
677:, which they inhabited. These rabbinical sources also argue that as part of the price of Abraham's purchase of the
341:, is that the Jebusites were most likely an Amorite tribe; Lipiński identifies them with the group referred to as
326:
1474:
641:
Elsewhere in the Bible, the Jebusites are described in a manner that suggests that they worshipped the same God (
1915:
1906:
1478:
2055:
2045:
1810:
1370:
1033:
310:), the Jebusites are identified as Canaanites, listed in third place among the Canaanite groups between the
1896:
1873:
1280:
747:
489:
portrays the Jebusites as continuing to dwell at Jerusalem, within the territory otherwise occupied by the
194:
681:(Cave of Machpelah), which lay in the territory of the Jebusites, the Jebusites made Abraham grant them a
1887:
1864:
1169:
914:
654:
190:
1984:
1667:
35:
2050:
398:
182:
1635:
1631:
756:
604:
394:
178:
17:
1757:
Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity: An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, and Early Israel
1319:
307:
2021:
198:
678:
156:
112:
1330:
1219:
1192:
1112:
The Old Testament: In the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
990:
1355:
1137:
682:
414:
283:
496:
According to the 2 Samuel, the Jebusites still had control of Jerusalem at the time of King
445:
in Exodus 3:18, the "good and large land, flowing with milk and honey" that was promised to
356:
In the Amarna letters, mention is made that the contemporaneous king of Jerusalem was named
1657:
886:
674:
657:
ascribed to Zadok is a later, anachronistic interpolation. A Jebusite is mentioned in the
433:
The Hebrew Bible describes the Jebusites as dwelling in the mountains beside Jerusalem in
8:
1712:. The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies (Book 80). Bloomsbury T&T Clark.
1662:
1142:
891:
760:
751:
694:
670:
564:
552:
512:, through the water supply tunnels (Jerusalem has no natural water supply except for the
303:
253:) (1330s BC). Also in the Amarna letters, it is called Beth-Shalem, the house of Shalem.
168:
486:
2040:
1980:
1956:
1927:
1786:
1653:
1570:
983:
941:
773:
322:
210:
1860:"Light at the End of the Tunnel: Warren's Shaft Theory of David's Conquests Shattered"
1729:
The Jewish Time Line Encyclopedia: A Year-by-Year History From Creation to the Present
1992:
1837:
1818:
1796:
1761:
1740:
1713:
1694:
1671:
1639:
1623:
1588:
1490:
1225:
1198:
1058:
994:
909:
705:
In reference to 2 Samuel 5:6, which refers to a saying about the blind and the lame,
699:
517:
490:
311:
214:
1968:
1964:
1942:
1919:
1732:
1554:
1100:
1070:
http://education.nationalgeographic.com/media/file/Jerusalem_ED_Sheets.FasFacts.pdf
658:
623:
615:
576:
367:
330:
61:
1755:
1565:
1542:
1387:
1377:
1366:
1107:
1076:
1065:
862:
851:
735:
560:
556:
521:
383:
363:
147:
127:
103:
461:
led a confederation of Jebusites and the tribes from the neighbouring cities of
2016:
1628:
Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel
1450:
Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel
505:
334:
218:
123:
1685:
Gunn, David M. (2003). "Next Year in Jerusalem". In Thomas L. Thompson (ed.).
866:
855:
844:
528:
version of the passage states that the Israelites had to attack the Jebusites
2034:
2011:
1976:
1972:
1736:
1498:
743:
731:
470:
276:
209:
The identification of Jebus with Jerusalem has been disputed, principally by
39:
1511:
504:
could withstand David's siege. According to the version of the story in the
213:. Supporting his case, every non-biblical mention of Jerusalem found in the
1817:. Studia Phoenicia 18 (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta Book 127). Peeters.
739:
513:
442:
295:
131:
30:
1855:
1851:
646:
466:
402:
350:
302:
to describe the pre-Israelite inhabitants of Jerusalem; according to the
2010: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1948:
386::15, bore a name generally understood as based on the Hurrian honorific
1931:
1244:
Richard S. Hess, "Getting Personal: What Names in the Bible Teach Us,"
650:
525:
458:
434:
217:
refers to the city as "Jerusalem". An example of these records are the
47:
783:
627:
482:
478:
454:
438:
371:
358:
346:
338:
222:
139:
43:
1923:
600:
580:
421:
propaganda, with Gibeah being the city of Saul and Jebus being the
375:
315:
1260:"The Israelite Conquest of Jerusalem in the Bible: When and Who?"
710:
631:
544:
537:
508:, David manages to conquer the city by a surprise attack, led by
462:
450:
406:
379:
1494:
673:, the Jebusites derived their name from the city of Jebus, the
474:
410:
298:
contains the only surviving ancient text known to use the term
275:
There is no evidence of Jebus and the Jebusites outside of the
261:
174:
135:
1501:
of Jerusalem were or claimed to be descended from Melchizedek.
1390:. At many periods the letters are virtually indistinguishable.
221:, several of which were written by the chieftain of Jerusalem
1528:
1177:. "The letter refers to an Amorite ethnic group known as the
719:
715:
706:
690:
642:
635:
619:
592:
497:
477:
against Joshua but was soundly defeated and killed. However,
446:
186:
260:, is variously etymologised to mean "foundation of the god
1834:
A History of Israelite Religion in the Old Testament Period
1432:
A History of Israelite Religion in the Old Testament Period
778:
584:
509:
418:
378:(a warrior-class elite). Moreover, the last Jebusite king,
173:'trampled place') before the conquest initiated by
88:
79:
70:
34:
Map of Jebus based on the Biblical account: visible is the
67:
76:
1585:
Jerusalem Besieged: From Ancient Canaan to Modern Israel
1301:
989:. Connecticut, USA.: Twenty-Third Publications. p.
1150:
801:
718:, and the other, depicting a lame person, representing
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
971:
Continuum International Publishing Group, 2002, p. 23.
1987:, Margreet Steiner, John Strange and Keith Whitelam.
1335:
1082:
950:, p. 410 (1990). Hamilton also asserts that Sumerian
94:
85:
82:
1652:
664:
161:
117:
91:
73:
1117:
201:, the city was conquered by King David in 1003 BC.
64:
1059:http://www.studylight.org/dic/hbd/print.cgi?n=3384
982:
825:
583:is actually a disguised reference to Araunah, the
813:
516:). Ever since its discovery in the 19th century,
453:included the land of the Jebusites. According to
2032:
1939:Rowley, H. H. (1950). "Melchizedek and Zadok".
750:Anthropology Department and co-director of the
2019:; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Jebusites".
1030:"SHALEM (DEITY) – the Anchor Bible Dictionary"
974:
610:It is unknown what ultimately became of these
244:
238:
232:
226:
1904:Rowley, H. H. (1939). "Zadok and Nehushtan".
1290:
1288:
1850:
1608:(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964), pp. 157, 168.
1307:
1027:for an extensive discussion with citations.
1012:Jerusalem, the Holy City By Stephen J. Binz.
630:, the queen and mother of the next monarch,
2015:
1606:History, Archeology, and Christian Humanism
321:Before modern archaeological studies, most
1961:Jerusalem in Ancient History and Tradition
1687:Jerusalem in Ancient History and Tradition
1285:
915:Selections from the Tell El-Amarna letters
912:(English in Percy Stuart Peache Handcock,
204:
1880:
1753:
1587:(Univ. of Mich. Press, 2004), pp. 33–35,
1536:"Jerusalem Strife Echoes Ancient History"
1341:
807:
397:), and Sheshai and Talmai, sons of Anak (
1989:Continuum International Publishing Group
1955:
1809:
1691:Continuum International Publishing Group
1156:
256:The Sumero-Akkadian name for Jerusalem,
29:
1831:
1434:
1197:(in German). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
14:
2033:
1938:
1903:
1785:
1726:
1545:, National Geographic News, 29-10-2004
1425:
1418:
1412:
1405:
1257:
1218:Jones, Gwilym Henry (1 January 1990).
1088:
819:
1707:
1622:
1452:
1442:
1217:
1190:
645:—Ēl ‘Elyōn) as the Israelites (e.g.,
428:
1684:
980:
831:
449:as the future home of the oppressed
46:, Araunah's threshing-floor and the
1371:"Hebrew: History of the Aleph-Bet,"
151:
107:
27:Tribal group described in the Bible
24:
1754:Killebrew, Ann E. (October 2005),
947:The Book of Genesis, Chapters 1-17
738:, among others, have claimed that
122:) were, according to the books of
25:
2067:
1963:. Contributors, Thomas M. Bolin,
1465:1 Kings i. 7, 19, 25; ii. 22, 26.
894:The El Amarna Letters from Canaan
665:Classical rabbinical perspectives
2025:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
2005:
417:. Farber believes this was anti-
289:
60:
1951:: J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck).
1836:. Westminster John Knox Press.
1774:from the original on 2020-07-26
1598:
1577:
1548:
1504:
1484:
1468:
1459:
1445:, pp. 20–25, 40–42, 131–35
1393:
1347:
1324:
1313:
1296:Peake's Commentary on the Bible
1274:
1251:
1238:
1211:
1184:
1162:
1094:
1047:
1017:
725:
661:as accompanying his martyrdom.
349:letter found in the archive of
1916:Society of Biblical Literature
1907:Journal of Biblical Literature
969:Historical Atlas of Jerusalem,
961:
934:
921:
889::025. Transcription online at
872:
837:
13:
1:
1248:13/6 (Dec 1997) pp.30, 34–36.
1114:(London: SPCK, 1908), p. 324.
1068: ; National Geographic,
789:
618:, including such notables as
1897:Biblical Archaeology Society
1874:Biblical Archaeology Society
1792:The A to Z of Ancient Israel
1358:. The versions presented in
1258:Farber, Zev (June 1, 2016).
794:
748:George Washington University
441::3. In the narration of the
415:Levite's concubine narrative
245:
239:
233:
227:
7:
1888:Biblical Archaeology Review
1881:Rendsburg, Gary A. (2001).
1865:Biblical Archaeology Review
1170:Biblical Archaeology Review
767:
162:
118:
10:
2072:
1883:"Reading David in Genesis"
1615:
225:and call Jerusalem either
50:. (Townsend MacCoun, 1899)
36:Valley of Hinnom (Gehenna)
1708:Jones, Gwilym H. (2009).
1173:32:02, March–April 2006,
981:Binz, Stephen J. (2005).
653:). Under this theory the
591:having been corrupted to
1832:Albertz, Rainer (1994).
1636:Harvard University Press
1632:Cambridge, Massachusetts
1308:Reich & Shukron 1999
1025:Anchor Bible Dictionary
985:Jerusalem, the Holy City
757:Johns Hopkins University
2022:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1727:Kantor, Mattis (1992).
1360:"Hebrew for Christians"
1175:Who Were the Jebusites?
1055:Holman Bible Dictionary
929:Holman Bible Dictionary
669:According to classical
534:through the water shaft
205:Identification of Jebus
1512:"The Acts of Barnabas"
1424:Melchizedek and Zadok
1411:Melchizedek and Zadok
1191:Košak, Silvin (2007).
679:Cave of the Patriarchs
555:) is described by the
281:
51:
1710:The Nathan Narratives
1658:Silberman, Neil Asher
1604:William F. Albright,
1440:The Nathan Narratives
1356:Paleo-Hebrew alphabet
1221:The Nathan Narratives
671:rabbinical literature
284:Theophilus G. Pinches
273:
199:biblical chronologies
138:tribe that inhabited
33:
2056:History of Jerusalem
2046:Biblical archaeology
1815:Itineraria Phoenicia
1559:Israel's Y2K Problem
1270:on January 27, 2024.
1194:Tabularia Hethaeorum
881:e.g. in EA 289:014,
1957:Thompson, Thomas L.
1795:. Scarecrow Press.
1663:The Bible Unearthed
1654:Finkelstein, Israel
1403:Zadok and Nehushtan
1320:1 Chronicles 11:3–8
1143:Jewish Encyclopedia
761:William F. Albright
752:University of Haifa
559:as having sold his
553:Books of Chronicles
304:Generations of Noah
185:) and completed by
1981:Niels Peter Lemche
1787:Lemche, Nies Peter
1624:Cross, Frank Moore
1571:The New York Times
1564:2017-12-15 at the
1541:2008-09-15 at the
1386:2016-03-03 at the
1376:2016-03-03 at the
1365:2015-01-06 at the
1106:2015-11-19 at the
1075:2014-02-21 at the
1064:2014-02-23 at the
942:Victor P. Hamilton
861:2016-11-06 at the
850:2016-03-04 at the
774:Names of Jerusalem
543:Another Jebusite,
429:Biblical narrative
211:Niels Peter Lemche
52:
1491:Julius Wellhausen
1428:, pp. 461–72
1421:, pp. 113–41
1415:, pp. 461–72
1408:, pp. 113–41
1231:978-1-85075-225-7
1224:. A&C Black.
1204:978-3-447-05530-7
1110:, Theophilus G.,
958:, meaning "city."
931:, op. cit. supra.
908:; translation by
740:Palestinian Arabs
675:ancient Jerusalem
626:the prophet, and
565:Temple of Solomon
530:with their dagger
491:Tribe of Benjamin
323:biblical scholars
312:biblical Hittites
215:ancient Near East
195:1 Chronicles 11:4
172:
160:
116:
16:(Redirected from
2063:
2051:Biblical studies
2026:
2009:
2008:
2002:
1983:, Sara Mandell,
1975:, Ingrid Hjelm,
1969:Lester L. Grabbe
1965:Philip R. Davies
1952:
1943:Alfred Bertholet
1935:
1900:
1877:
1847:
1828:
1811:Lipinski, Edward
1806:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1750:
1733:Lanham, Maryland
1723:
1704:
1681:
1649:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1581:
1575:
1555:Jeffrey Goldberg
1552:
1546:
1534:Stefan Lovgren,
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1508:
1502:
1499:Zadokite priests
1488:
1482:
1475:Genesis 14:18–19
1472:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1397:
1391:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1292:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1266:. Archived from
1255:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1188:
1182:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1134:
1115:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1032:. Archived from
1021:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1007:
988:
978:
972:
965:
959:
938:
932:
925:
919:
907:
905:
903:
876:
870:
841:
835:
829:
823:
817:
811:
805:
730:The politicians
659:Acts of Barnabas
616:Kingdom of Judah
547:(referred to as
335:Slavonic studies
264:": from Semitic
252:
242:
236:
230:
167:
165:
155:
153:
121:
111:
109:
101:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
21:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2017:Singer, Isidore
2006:
1999:
1924:10.2307/3259856
1844:
1825:
1803:
1777:
1775:
1768:
1760:, p. 130,
1747:
1720:
1701:
1678:
1646:
1618:
1613:
1612:
1603:
1599:
1583:Eric H. Cline,
1582:
1578:
1566:Wayback Machine
1553:
1549:
1543:Wayback Machine
1533:
1529:
1520:
1518:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1497:, and that the
1489:
1485:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1398:
1394:
1388:Wayback Machine
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1367:Wayback Machine
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1331:1 Kings 9:20–21
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792:
770:
736:Faisal Husseini
728:
700:common property
667:
655:Aaronic lineage
638:or Judahites.
603:and of dubious
561:threshing floor
557:Books of Samuel
522:1 Chronicles 11
481::63 states the
431:
384:1 Chronicles 21
382:, mentioned in
368:Hurrian goddess
364:theophoric name
329:, professor of
327:Edward Lipiński
292:
271:Lemche states:
249:
234:URU ú-ru-sa-lim
207:
191:2 Samuel 5:6–10
63:
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48:Citadel of Zion
28:
23:
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2069:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2028:
2027:
2003:
1997:
1953:
1936:
1901:
1878:
1848:
1843:978-0664227197
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1829:
1824:978-9042913448
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1802:978-0810875654
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1342:Rendsburg 2001
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1149:
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1091:, p. 161.
1081:
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1016:
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960:
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799:
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506:Masoretic Text
502:blind and lame
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2012:public domain
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1994:
1990:
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1977:Salma Jayyusi
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420:
416:
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362:, which is a
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328:
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290:Ethnic origin
287:
285:
280:
278:
277:Old Testament
272:
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1852:Reich, Ronny
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1515:
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1268:the original
1264:TheTorah.com
1263:
1253:
1246:Bible Review
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893:
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867:Judges 19:10
839:
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729:
726:Modern usage
704:
688:
668:
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622:the priest,
611:
609:
601:aetiological
594:
586:
572:
568:
548:
542:
533:
532:rather than
529:
514:Gihon Spring
501:
495:
443:burning bush
432:
399:Joshua 15:14
392:
387:
357:
355:
342:
320:
299:
296:Hebrew Bible
293:
282:
274:
270:
265:
257:
255:
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183:Joshua 12:10
143:
132:Hebrew Bible
55:
53:
1918:: 113–141.
1426:Rowley 1950
1419:Rowley 1939
1413:Rowley 1950
1406:Rowley 1939
1138:"Jebusites"
1089:Lemche 2010
1006:17 December
927:See, e.g.,
898:. Tau.ac.il
845:Joshua 15:8
820:Lemche 2010
647:Melchizedek
605:historicity
487:Judges 1:21
403:Adoni-Bezek
395:Joshua 10:3
366:invoking a
351:Mari, Syria
246:URU ú-ru-ša
179:Joshua 11:3
2035:Categories
1778:2017-05-01
1668:Touchstone
1574:03-10-1999
1521:2023-09-17
1453:Cross 1997
1443:Jones 2009
1281:Exodus 3:8
1040:2014-02-11
790:References
759:Professor
651:Adonizedek
526:Septuagint
459:Adonizedek
435:Numbers 13
308:Genesis 10
187:King David
2041:Jebusites
1448:See also
1179:Yabusi'um
832:Gunn 2003
795:Citations
784:Proselyte
709:quotes a
628:Bathsheba
612:Jebusites
483:Judahites
479:Joshua 15
455:Joshua 10
439:Joshua 11
359:Abdi-Heba
347:cuneiform
343:Yabusi'um
339:KU Leuven
258:uru-salim
223:Abdi-Heba
157:romanized
142:, called
140:Jerusalem
136:Canaanite
130:from the
113:romanized
56:Jebusites
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1959:(2003).
1949:Tübingen
1858:(1999).
1813:(2004).
1789:(2010).
1772:archived
1660:(2002).
1626:(1997).
1562:Archived
1539:Archived
1384:Archived
1374:Archived
1363:Archived
1104:Archived
1073:Archived
1062:Archived
1023:See the
885:e.g. in
883:Urušalim
879:Urusalim
859:Archived
848:Archived
768:See also
683:covenant
643:El Elyon
581:Adonijah
573:the lord
437::29 and
376:maryannu
331:Oriental
316:Amorites
314:and the
300:Jebusite
240:Urušalim
228:Urusalim
108:יְבוּסִי
18:Jebusite
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1932:3259856
1616:Sources
1381:Fig. 10
1101:Pinches
918:(1920).
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711:midrash
693:of the
636:Judeans
632:Solomon
577:Hittite
569:Araunah
551:by the
545:Araunah
467:Lachish
463:Jarmuth
451:Hebrews
413:in the
407:Goliath
380:Araunah
171:
159::
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887:EA 287
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571:means
475:Hebron
411:Gibeah
370:named
262:Shalim
175:Joshua
152:יְבוּס
148:Hebrew
128:Samuel
124:Joshua
119:Yəḇūsī
104:Hebrew
1928:JSTOR
1914:(2).
1895:(1).
1872:(1).
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716:Isaac
707:Rashi
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538:serfs
498:David
471:Eglon
447:Moses
372:Ḫepat
345:in a
237:) or
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144:Jebus
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