Jesse H. Jones - Knowledge

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Jones to wonder if his former supervisor in Hillsboro had reported unfavorably on him. An investigation of the Hillsboro yard, however, revealed that its manager had committed fraud. The general manager of the company, C. T. Harris, fired that manager and hired Jesse as bookkeeper for the big Dallas yard. Initially, Jesse earned a salary of $ 15 per week—more than he made at the Hillsboro yard. After just six months, Harris made Jesse the manager there, raising his salary to $ 100 per month (equivalent to $ 2,900 in 2016). Harris made these decisions without consulting M.T., the owner of the company. Jesse ran the Dallas yard profitably, even in the face of eight competitors in the local market. In 1895, with M.T. still critical of the Dallas operations, Jesse tendered his resignation. However, M.T. audited the books of the Dallas yard and found them to be in good order. M.T. asked Jesse to retract his resignation. Jesse replied that he would take his old job back for $ 150 per week and six percent of the profits. M.T. agreed to Jesse's terms.

350:. Aunt Nancy remained in Dallas and enrolled the children in local public schools, while William moved to Terrell to manage the M.T. Jones Lumber Company and look after the firm's other lumberyards in northeast Texas. This allowed M.T. to move closer to his timberlands and other interests in southeast Texas. However, William only stayed for two years and returned with his large family to Robertson County, where he acquired a new farm to work. So Jesse was back in Tennessee at the age of twelve. The new estate of William Jones included 600 acres, and the patriarch built a spacious brick house with ten rooms to accommodate his large family. According to one biographer, this house was "the finest outside of Nashville." Later in life, Jesse recollected that the family farm was bountiful, providing enough meat and produce to leave a surplus through all seasons. They even shared food with less fortunate neighbors who struggled during the winter months, Jones recalled. 827:. The letters criticized Roosevelt's decision to name Wallace as secretary of commerce. Senator Josiah Bailey of North Carolina called both Jones and Wallace to testify before the Senate Commerce Committee, each on consecutive days. Jones testified on the first day that he did not believe that Wallace was a suitable candidate. He characterized Wallace as a visionary who lacked business experience. Sometime during the five hours of testimony the next day, Wallace touted his own business experience, but sought to restrict the scope of power from the Commerce Department and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which he claimed were exploited by business interests. Steven Fenberg, the author of the most recent biography of Jones, characterized him as the second most powerful person in America next to Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who sometimes called him "Jesus Jones." 354:

school, and later, Jesse recalled many scoldings and punishments from his teachers. His father challenged his two sons with a tobacco plot for each of them. He allotted three acres to each son and provided them both with supplies. Each of them would be allowed to keep any profits after they repaid their store accounts. He applied this experience to a job in the tobacco industry when he quit school after the eighth grade. William Jones not only grew tobacco, but also traded the crop, and he also joined a partnership, Jones, Holman and Armstrong, which processed tobacco. William put Jesse in charge of one of the tobacco factories. He was responsible for receiving (or sometimes rejecting), classifying, warehousing, and shipping tobacco. In addition, his name was on the company bank account, and he signed checks for the company's operations.

375: 769:. The Hoover RFC was an ambitious program. Upon opening, the RFC had 300 staff positions available. Soon it conveyed hundreds of millions in loans, including $ 300 million (equivalent to $ 4,400,000,000 in 2016) to the railroads, $ 90 million to prop up the Chicago bank of Charles Dawes, and $ 65 million to Bank of America. However, Hoover sold the RFC as a program to assist smaller institutions. Bank of America retired its loan with the RFC, paying interest and principal within two years. Other loans were not successful. Jones opposed a loan to the Missouri Pacific, concerned that the taxpayers would be stuck with their bill. Without Jones's support, the RFC board approved $ 23 million for the railroad, but it did not prevent the company from failing the next year. 549:

bankers at his office in the new Gulf Building. He urged his banking colleagues to assist in stabilizing the two distressed banks to prevent a general panic among local depositors. Jones proposed a bailout plan of $ 1.25 million (equivalent to $ 16,200,000 in 2016) to guarantee local deposits at risk, with the political support of a major local bank investor, James A. Baker. Despite a faction of bankers who wanted to let the two banks fail, Jones and Baker prevailed, with Jones buying out Public National Bank, Joseph Meyers Interests buying out Houston National Bank, and a consortium of banks and utility companies all contributing to the bailout fund. Customers of Public National Bank gained access to their accounts on October 26.

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examined the books in order to determine which financial institutions were viable. After the bank holiday, all financially sound banks would resume business. For persons who were unable to access their accounts, another part of the act authorized the executive branch to reorganize failed banks in order to free up frozen assets. The RFC was empowered to invest financial institution through their preferred stocks. Seventy percent of America's banks reopened after just six days. Jones's task as the new chair of the RFC was to reopen another 2,000 banks. He began with the reorganization of two of Detroit's largest banks by collaborating with

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efforts. Wilson was reticent and had not made an oral public address since his declaration of war against Germany. Jones, per Wilson's request, appointed Cleveland Dodge as the presiding officer of the event, though Jones also directed Dodge to choose a venue suitable for a presidential address. On the day of the parade, President Wilson made an impromptu speech to a full Metropolitan Opera House, which included his justification for war against Germany, lauded the work of the American Red Cross, admonished Wall Street bankers against wartime profiteering, and offered an entreaty to Americans to donate money to the Red Cross.

1034: 361:, at one of his uncle's lumberyards. He performed manual labor, but also served the office side of the business, such as bookkeeping and debt collection. Despite these varied duties, he earned the standard salary for a salesman: $ 40 per month. He requested a fifty percent raise, arguing that he worked day and night. His uncle refused. Jesse quit not long before the death of his father, William Jones. The will instructed that trustees manage the tobacco enterprise, while Jesse would assume control at age twenty-one. He also inherited about $ 2,000 in stock. 958: 684: 3424: 296: 409:

intention to purchase raw goods (lumber), semi-finished goods (cross ties), and milled goods, such as blinds, doors, and sash. According to his own recollection, he made about $ 1 million in profits when he sold controlling interest in the company, liquidating most of his interests in one saw mill and perhaps 20 or more lumberyards. Other than retaining a single lumberyard, he permanently left active management of the timber and lumber business in 1911 or 1912.

3400: 558: 1008: 537:. One of the largest and oldest of Houston's banks, the T. W. House Bank, failed amidst this economic recession. The bank had a $ 500,000 (equivalent to $ 9,600,000 in 2016) loan on its books in the name of Jesse Jones. Yet even during the bank panic, Jones was able to sell enough mortgage paper and draw on enough credit from other banks to repay the loan. So he stood ready to make new investments after the worst of the recession ended. 304: 3412: 3388: 814:

Jones was also on a short list to serve as Roosevelt's running mate in 1940. Though the nomination for the vice-presidency had been decided by the Democratic convention delegates in previous election cycles, the decisions at the 1940 convention in Chicago were being manipulated by the president. Roosevelt rejected Jones as a running mate because he considered him to be too conservative to properly serve his agenda.

3075: 700:, a position he held until 1919. During his first post in Washington, D.C., his department was responsible for seven hundred Red Cross canteens and 55,000 volunteers, organization and transportation of mobile hospitals to England and France, and distribution of clothing to persons in war-torn Europe, and tendering financial assistance to families of American servicemen., 3376: 671:, who advocated Wilson's nomination for the Democratic Party the previous year, suggested Jones for service to the new US President. The Wilson Administration offered positions to Jones such as the undersecretary of the treasury, two ambassadorships, and most notably, secretary of commerce. Jones confronted Mayor Campbell and other interests in regard to a wharf at 404:

sashes, and two-by-fours. The logistics was equally huge: felled trees had to be moved to plants, and finished products had to be delivered to lumberyards located throughout the state and beyond. With assistance and advice from trustees, Jones bought, sold, and managed the land, expanding the M.T. Jones Lumber Company even further.

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Association, with only the backing of gate receipts. When M.T. found out about the terms of the loans and the full extent of Jesse's gamble, he began to investigate Jesse's activities and interrogated him about his decision. These loans were repaid quickly and the Dallas lumber yard profited from the play.

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to design the interior for their apartment. Audrey Jones, one of Mary's granddaughters, also lived with them. Other members of his extended family maintained apartments at the Lamar. His relationships with some of his business associates were also based on close friendships, so Jones referred to this

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The 1902 Notsuoh Festival (Houston spelled backwards) elected Jones as its King Nottoc (cotton spelled backwards). His duty was to rule over the Tekram (market) of Saxet (Texas). This was a gag repeated in Houston from 1899 to 1915, and the week-long festival included dances and parades. The crowning

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less than two weeks before the vote. Jones published Cullen's opinion opposing zoning in Houston. He accused Jones of being an outsider because Jones had lived away from Houston for twenty-five or thirty years. In addition, he charged Jones with trying to run the city with the "assistance of New York

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made him the Chairman of the RFC, while also expanding the RFC's powers to make loans and bail out banks. This led some to refer to Jones as "the fourth branch of government." The next year, Congress issued an additional $ 850 in loans, after which President Roosevelt intimated to Jones that he would

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As a young man, Jones found opportunities to borrow money in order to establish credit. He borrowed in excess of his need, and kept the extra cash in a savings account. However, at least two Houston bankers expressed concerns about his borrowing practices. By his own estimate, he had borrowed as much

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Despite these confrontations between M.T. and Jesse, by 1898, it was apparent that Jesse had earned his uncle's trust. M.T. died that year and his will named Jesse as general manager of his substantial lumber business. The will also designated Jesse as one of five executors of his estate. He arrived

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Jones resided at the Rice Hotel in Houston, but he also stayed at "the Boarding House," the home of his aunt, Louisa Jones. Her house was located at the corner of Anita and Main Street, south of downtown Houston. Jones managed the estate of his uncle, M. T. Jones, and continued to act as a business

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From 1932, Jones had not cashed any paychecks he earned through his various federal government positions through 1945. In 1946, he signed them all over to the Houston Endowment. At the same time Jones and his wife worked through the Houston Endowment to give this money away, much of it with a focus

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led the effort to prevent new zoning regulation for land development in the city of Houston. This was in response to Jones and other zoning advocates in Houston. Cullen believed zoning regulations to be socialist and un-American. Though Jones attracted attention to the zoning issue, his involvement

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In the mid-1920s, Jones increased his construction and development activity. Two new buildings, the Kirby Theater and the Kirby Lumber Company Building went up on Main Street, while he built additions to the Rice Hotel and the Houston Electric Building. During the same period he started projects in

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In 1902, Jones started the South Texas Lumber Company. He had money he had earned from selling investments in timber and some Spindletop deals for capital. He acquired the Reynolds Lumber Company, as well as many other lumberyards in New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. The company charter announced an

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He was now in charge of tens of thousands of acres of timberland spread over three east Texas counties and parts of Louisiana. The estate owned and operated sawmills and factories in Orange that had the daily capacity to turn hundreds of thousands of feet of raw timber into shingles, doors, windows

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After leaving Washington, Jesse and Mary Jones focused on philanthropy, working through the Houston Endowment, a non-profit corporation they founded in 1937. Though most of this giving was focused on Texas, some of it flowed to Tennessee and Massachusetts. Much of their philanthropy concentrated on

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in 1940, and he served until 1945. However, according to Stephen Fenberg, Roosevelt offered him the cabinet position to bring him closer to the White House and rein in his power. This tactic did not work because Jones accepted the new post while retaining his old job as Federal Loan Administrator.

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Jesse Holman Jones was born to William and Laura Jones on April 5, 1874, the fourth of five children. Jesse's mother died on April 22, 1880, just after he had turned six. Nancy Jones Hurt, his aunt, moved in with the family along with her two sons. She was a "guide, physician, and clothes-maker of

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expanded the powers of the RFC and promoted Jones to the chairmanship in 1933. Jones was in charge of spending US$ 50 billion, especially in financing railways and building munitions factories. He served as the United States secretary of commerce from 1940 to 1945, a post he held concurrently

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In 1931 two local banks were in danger of failing. Public National Bank faced a clientele demanding cash and Houston National Bank had too many distressed loans. Public National Bank had barely enough cash on hand to last through Saturday, October 24. The next day, Jones hosted a meeting of local

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Jesse had been a diligent worker as a boy, caring for the farm animals, and performing many common household chores. During the summers when his family had lived in Dallas—when he was a young teenager—he hacked out weeds, picked cotton, and herded cattle. He did not display the same diligence for

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In addition to his real estate and political activity associated with Houston's Democratic National Convention, Jones continued multiple development projects in 1928 in other cities. He commissioned an eighteen-story, mixed-use building in downtown Fort Worth, leasing the storefront and two more

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Jesse and his brother liquidated the tobacco inventory from their father's estate and spent the proceeds on their sisters' homes. Jesse returned to Dallas and applied for a position with the M.T. Jones Lumber Company's downtown yard on Main Street and St. Paul. M. T. refused to hire him, leading

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Prior to 1937, Jesse and Mary Jones had given about $ 1 million to charitable causes. In 1937, they established the Houston Endowment to organize their philanthropic endeavors. Their Commerce Company was already established as a conglomeration of most of the family business interests. They

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From 1917 until the end of World War II, Jones dedicated his activities to the nation, spending more time in the federal capital than in his home town. He responded to World War I demands by leading a fundraising effort in Houston for the American Red Cross. Sixteen of his friends accepted his

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that year, while completing the Levy Brothers Department Store. The Gulf Building was completed the next year as the tallest structure in Houston, a distinction it held until 1963. He finished another retail building on Main Street, a four-story store for Krupp and Tuffly Shoes. He acquired his

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company, which grew quickly. During this period, Jesse opened his own business, the South Texas Lumber Company. He also began to expand into real estate, commercial building, and banking. His commercial building activities in Houston included mid-rise and skyscraper office buildings, hotels and

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Jones criticized Hoover's execution of the RFC as too little and too late. Congress and the new president, Franklin D. Roosevelt, created a new Emergency Banking Act on March 9, 1933. President Roosevelt announced a "bank holiday," a moratorium on banking activity while federal bank inspectors

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Jones worked in an office building facing the White House, and eventually he had personal access to the president. During the coordination of Red Cross parades in various American cities, he asked that the president make a speech on the day of the parade in New York City to support fundraising

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In the first three years of the Roosevelt Administration, the RFC had issued $ 8 billion in loans; however, these outflows were offset by $ 3.5 billion in revenues, including interest payments and repayments of principal. In 1939, Roosevelt appointed Jones to be the new Federal Loan

675:, which was at that time outside the city limits. Campbell advocated spending $ 300,000 of Houston Harbor District revenue to construct a wharf for a local cement manufacturer. Jones opposed this expenditure, and resigned from the board with other directors when the city approved the project. 659:. When bond sales for the Harris County Houston Ship Channel District lagged, he met with Houston bankers and extracted a pledge from each one to buy the district's bonds proportionate to their market capitalizations. He was appointed as chair of the new Houston Harbor Board in 1913 by Mayor 822:

Henry Wallace was dropped from the ticket as vice president in 1944. Roosevelt was reelected and asked Jones to resign as secretary of commerce, which he did on January 21, 1945. The next day he resigned from RFC and all other government positions. Jones released the two letters to several

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in Dallas. The association running the State Fair needed construction supplies for buildings and exhibits, but the lumber companies wanted personal guarantees from the directors. Jesse, sensing an opportunity, decided to stand out from his competitors: he extended credit to the State Fair

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Jones began a flurry of building activity in 1906. He contracted to build an addition to the Bristol Hotel, committing $ 90,000 (equivalent to $ 1,800,000 in 2016) to the project, which would include a rooftop garden and dance floor. He also commissioned a ten-story building for the

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two days before the zoning vote. Jones wrote that many other American cities had zoning in rebuttal to Cullen's claim that zoning was "un-American and German." Houston voted against zoning and Cullen never followed through on his threat to quit his leadership positions at non-profits.

729:, 50,000 Houstonians staged a homecoming for Jones, replete with marching bands, bunting, and banners. They staged a parade from Union Station to the Jones home at the Lamar Hotel. This hero's welcome preceded the decision by the Democratic Convention to select a site, though 789:. They formed a new bank with matching investments from the RFC and General Motors, but more significantly, the RFC covered the deposits of the 800,000 frozen accounts from both failed banks with a loan of $ 230 million (equivalent to $ 3,500,000,000 in 2016). 870:, named for the apartment number at the Lamar Hotel maintained by George and Herman Brown. Jones owned the hotel and resided in the building's penthouse, upstairs from the Browns' suite. The principal members of this group were James Abercrombie, the Brown brothers, 594:

and named himself as publisher. At the time of the purchase, the paper had a daily readership of 75,000 and the company was valued at $ 2.5 million (equivalent to $ 28,000,000 in 2016). When Jones opened the Gulf Building in Houston, his ownership of the

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floors to the Fair Department Store. He sited a sixteen-story medical office building on 61st Street as just one of his projects in New York. Back in Houston, several projects were under construction with no connection to the convention. Jones broke ground on the

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honoring Jesse's brother, John. More ten-year scholarship programs funded students attending Rice University and Texas A & M, and several of the individual recipients were veterans of World War II. Another program supported nursing candidates at the

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in exchange for a half-interest in the company, which had been solely owned by Marcellus Foster. In 1911, Jones purchased the original five-story Rice Hotel from Rice University although the university retained the land on which it stood. Working with

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in support of servicemen in World War I. President Wilson tapped Jones to head a division of American Red Cross, a duty he fulfilled between 1917 and 1919. In 1928, he initiated and organized Houston's bid for the 1928 Democratic National Convention.

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to Houston. Other cities matched or exceeded this amount, but Jones vowed that Houston would beat the others in hospitality. When Jones returned to Texas from Washington, D.C., where he had been negotiating, local greeters mobbed the train depots in

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Sometime after 1908, Jones organized the Texas Trust Company. By 1912, he had become president of Houston's National Bank of Commerce. This bank later merged with Texas National Bank in 1964 to become the Texas National Bank of Commerce, renamed to

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After concluding his service with the Red Cross, Jones returned to Houston and resumed his business activities. He amassed lots along the Main Street corridor in downtown Houston, acquired a tract on Elm Street in Dallas, and also invested in

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granted about a third of the company's shares to the Houston Endowment, while appointing Milton Backlund, Fred Heyne, and W. W. Moore as the first trustees. During the first seven years, Houston Endowment focused its donations on education.

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Jones married Mary Gibbs on December 15, 1920. They resided at the Rice Hotel until 1926 when they moved into their penthouse at the new Lamar Hotel. Alfred C. Finn designed and supervised the construction of the building, but Jones hired

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Jones contributed money to the Houston Academy of Medicine/Texas Medical Center for a new home for its library. This building is known as the Jesse H. Jones Library Building. The Jesse H. and Mary Gibbs Jones Pavilion (1977) connects

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with his chairmanship of the RFC. With the combined authority of these various federal posts, Jones was arguably the second most powerful person in the nation, which is confirmed by Roosevelt's nickname for him, "Jesus Jones".

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challenge to donate $ 5,000 each (equivalent to $ 100,000 in 2016), spurring the local effort to meet and exceed its fundraising quota. President Wilson asked Jones to become director general of military relief for the

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facilitated publication of a 48-page special insert dedicated to his new skyscraper. In March 1930, Jones acquired a radio station and began broadcasting in Houston from the Rice Hotel. The call letters of the station,

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factory at age fourteen, and at nineteen, he was put in charge of his uncle's lumberyards. Five years later, after his uncle, M. T. Jones, died, Jones moved to Houston to manage his uncle's estate and opened a

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in August 1906. Though Foster was the paper's editor, Jones's engagement in the paper's positions was evident by the letters between the two men. For example, Jones supported Foster's public opposition to the

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in 1955. After Jones's death the Houston Endowment made donations to Rice University. They established the Jesse H. Jones Chair of Management, and in the 1970s, they granted $ 10 million to start the

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for governor of Texas. They were in agreement with her strong stance against the Klan, but Jones refused to support her candidacy because of the corruption of her husband during his tenure as governor.

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when they accepted him into their community. The name translates as "Yellow Pine," symbolic of the tallest being within their local environment and a being which serves all members of their community.

238:. He led a group of local bankers in buying public finance bonds and was later appointed to serve as the Chair of the Houston Harbor Board. He led a local fundraising effort on behalf of the 492: 1065: 1016:

manager for his aunt and his cousins for many years. Much of his social life revolved around them, too. His future wife, Mary Gibbs Jones, was first married to his cousin, Will Jones.

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for $ 2.25 per night (equivalent to $ 65 in 2016). He was then responsible for the business affairs of his Aunt Louisa and his three cousins. Jesse managed a large estate:

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At the age of seventeen, Jesse and his family returned to Dallas. After several attempts to find a suitable job in Dallas and the surrounding region, Jesse started working in

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on education. Through the Houston Endowment, they made a $ 300,000 grant to the University of Virginia in honor of Woodrow Wilson. They established scholarship funds for the

439:, the president of Rice Institute's Board of Trustees, he razed the original structures and constructed the seventeen-story building, which he then leased from Rice. The new 3489: 3454: 452: 342:, partly in order for William to join his brother Martin Tilton "M.T." Jones in his successful lumber enterprise. Several years earlier M.T. had resettled his family in 1886: 3479: 386:

While Jesse was still managing a lumber yard in Dallas for M.T. Jones, he decided on a financial gambit while competing for the lumber trade related to the 1897

279:. However, they also made substantial donations to hospitals and for the arts. Many buildings in Houston are named for Jesse Jones, including a music venue in 3509: 2768: 2070: 1050:

The name of Jesse H. Jones is memorialized throughout Houston through many grants from the Houston Endowment. The home of the Houston Symphony is Jesse H.

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as a platform. He expressed concern about "undesirable encroachments" and advocated for land use zoning as a method for protecting residential areas.

459:, with whom he had first worked on the Rice Hotel. Jones juggled his Houston program with a development initiative in New York City, and he built the 932:. They also made large gifts to the American Red Cross, the Houston Community Chest, the Houston Museum of Fine Arts, and the United Jewish Appeal. 3464: 3544: 1377: 460: 3474: 3018: 323:, remaining there for at least a century. In 1774, Eli Jones and one of his brothers, headed west, eventually deciding to an area now known as 2735: 1968: 984:. The Scottish Rite Temple provided the venue for a ceremony, where there was the first public viewing of a bronze bust of Jones sculpted by 886:. Historian Joseph Pratt characterized Jones as "the godfather" of the group. The Suite 8F Group began their activities after World War II. 1070: 3469: 3494: 765:. When Hoover sought advice from ranking Democrats about candidates for the board, Jones was the sole recommendation of House Speaker 2287: 2110: 3263: 3108: 2718: 2133: 3282: 2539:

Mason, Joseph R. (2003). "The Political Economy of Reconstruction Finance Corporation Assistance During the Great Depression".

430:, and the company moved its headquarters to Houston in 1916. The same year, he constructed a new plant for the rapidly growing 455:, while laying out plans for two more ten-story buildings. During this time he continued a collaboration with local architect 3519: 2520: 2473: 2435: 2401: 916: 2048: 3459: 809:, but Jones decided instead to remain in Houston and focus on his businesses. He accepted the same position from President 3524: 3499: 3307: 3226: 3043: 2777: 2727: 2671: 1120:

and briefly the location of Jones's office. Beyond buildings, one may visit the Jesse H. Jones Park and Nature Center in

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their first landing place in North America, sometime in the 1650s. After settling there briefly, they relocated to the

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of Jones as King Nottoc after living in Houston for just four years symbolized a quick acceptance into local society.

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Sprinkel, Beryl Wayne (1952). "Economic Consequences of the Operations of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation".

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until his death on June 1, 1956, at the age of 82. His remains were interred in Houston's Forest Park Cemetery.

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Jones returned to Houston early in 1948. In January, he had already found a new political project, and used his

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White, Gerald T. "Financing Industrial Expansion for War: The Origin of the Defense Plant Corporation Leases"

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which grew into a major regional financial institution. It became part of JP Morgan Chase & Co. in 2008.

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On his own initiative, Jones tendered a $ 200,000 bid (equivalent to $ 2,300,000 in 2016) to bring the

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Sudley Place in Tennessee, Jones's childhood home, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

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Houston honored Jones with "Jesse H. Jones Day" on December 26, 1934. The pronouncement was made by

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Since 1998, the World Affairs Council of Greater Houston has presented the Jesse H. Jones Award.

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Billions for Defense: Government Financing by the Defense Plant Corporation During World War II

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Quickly, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation became a central pillar of Roosevelt's NewDeal.

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have the authority to invest the new appropriations and reinvest revenue from loan repayments.

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and 40th Street, his largest project to date. He completed it in the spring prior to the

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Jones was associated with a group of Houston political and social leaders known as the

693: 509: 480: 239: 2552: 2371:(2003). "Jesse H. Jones". In Hendrickson, Kenneth E. Jr.; Collins, Michael L. (eds.). 761:

chose Jones as one of the three to serve on its first board of directors, and managed

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Saving Capitalism: The Reconstruction Finance Corporation and the New Deal, 1933-1940

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as $ 3 million (equivalent to $ 61,300,000 in 2016). The test came with the

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Jesse Jones, center, as Chairman of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in 1935

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apartments, and movie theaters. He constructed the Foster Building, home to the

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Arsenal of World War II: The Political Economy of American Warfare, 1940-1945

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fourth hotel, a distressed sixteen-story building which he re-branded as the

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store in New York City. Jones also left his mark on Fort Worth, building the

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started very late in the struggle, as he published his first opinion in the

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In 1883, the Jones family, including Aunt Nancy and seven children moved to

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In 1946, Jones joined the Board of Trustees of the Texas Medical Center.

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Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II

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Jones made a gift of $ 1 million to Rice University to establish

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signed the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) bill in 1932, the

2935: 2241:. Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA) 1007: 631: 468: 133: 849:

Jews," and vowed to resign his chair at the Board of Regents at the

2583: 1790:"8F and Many More: Business and Civic Leadership in Modern Houston" 663:. Jones accepted this post after rejecting several offers from the 347: 312: 2391: 651:

Postcard depicting a cotton-laden ship, Houston Ship Channel, 1914

557: 2644:

Guide to the Jesse H. Jones Family and Personal Papers, 1841-2000

2532:

Fifty Billion Dollars: My Thirteen Years with the RFC (1932–1945)

2427:

Unprecedented Power: Jesse Jones, Capitalism, and the Common Good

2425: 1911: 1145:

Fifty Billion Dollars: My Thirteen Years with the RFC (1932–1945)

1085:. The Jesse H. Jones Physical Education Complex on the campus of 961:

Jones as King Nottoc at the 1902 Notsuoh Festival, Houston, Texas

528:

National Bank of Commerce advertising sale of Liberty Bonds, 1918

303: 212: 208: 150: 230:

Jones's participation in civic life and politics began with the

3387: 1636:"Brother, Can You Spare A Billion? The Story of Jesse H. Jones" 1117: 725:, with a few brandishing "Jesse Jones for President" signs. At 451:. In 1921, he expanded one downtown Houston structure into the 427: 295: 969:

In 1925, Jones received an honorary Doctor of Law degree from

250:(RFC) (1932–1939), a federal agency originally created in the 203:(April 5, 1874 – June 1, 1956) was an American 2312: 443:

leased 500 rooms, and was the center of Houston social life.

262:. After Hoover first appointed Jones to the board, President 154: 2263:. Houston Public Library. September 26, 2014. Archived from 2134:"A Short History of the Jesse H. Jones School of Management" 601: 271:

education, including large gifts for a business school at

254:

administration which played a major role in combating the

2726: 2417:

The Birth Of The Texas Medical Center: A Personal Account

2373:

Profiles in Power: Twentieth-Century Texans in Washington

793:

Administrator while taking away his title as RFC chair.

2561:

The New Dealers: Power politics in the age of Roosevelt

1774: 1772: 1528: 1526: 1484:. Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association 1440:. Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association 561:

Illustration of the Foster Building, also known as the

311:

Jesse H. Jones descended from Welsh ancestors who made

1397: 1395: 1352: 1350: 1286: 1284: 938:

In 1956, the Jesse Holman Jones Hospital was built in

707: 3364: 2430:. College Station: Texas A & M University Press. 2375:. Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 66–84. 2185:"Baylor University || University Libraries" 1211: 1209: 1155: 1153: 740: 508:. Jones built in New York a 44-story office tower at 3490:

Franklin D. Roosevelt administration cabinet members

1769: 1523: 3455:

20th-century American newspaper publishers (people)

1969:"Honorary Degrees Awarded by Oglethorpe University" 1435: 1392: 1347: 1281: 915:. Later they created an engineering scholarship at 479:on Park Avenue at 67th Street. A third building at 307:

Portrait of Jones at the age of seventeen (c. 1891)

2508: 1206: 1150: 569:Jones acquired his fifty-percent interest in the 3436: 2572:Journal of Business of the University of Chicago 2160:"UH-Downtown: A snapshot of the academic future" 2069:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 2051:. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010 1943:"Jesse Jones to Speak at Centennial Celebration" 290: 3480:1940 United States vice-presidential candidates 2612:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press. 2393:Franklin D. Roosevelt: The War Years, 1939-1945 1378:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 889: 412: 487:'s home, with four floors leased to the first 421:Illustration of the Rice Hotel, Houston (1916) 331:all the Jones children," and "a famous cook". 3012: 2712: 1787: 1077:, was fully funded by the Houston Endowment. 1041:Jones retained the title of publisher of the 3510:American real estate and property developers 1364: 1362: 1071:Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Management 590:In 1926, Jones became the sole owner of the 2646:(Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, 2288:"The evolution of the Great Jones Building" 2109:. Texas Southern University. Archived from 1025:business network as his "business family." 65:September 19, 1940 – March 1, 1945 3019: 3005: 2719: 2705: 2529: 1630: 1628: 1185:. United States Department of the Interior 395:in Houston in 1898, renting a room at the 275:and another to establish Jones College at 258:and financing industrial expansion during 38: 2468:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2444: 1475: 1473: 1359: 616:otel. KTRH broadcast some content of the 495:, and the Worth Hotel and Worth Theater. 471:. The first was an apartment building on 2569: 2449:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 2343:World Affairs Council of Greater Houston 2285: 2157: 1368: 1032: 1006: 956: 942:to replace the original hospital there. 796: 744: 737:predicted that Houston would be chosen. 682: 646: 556: 523: 416: 373: 302: 294: 19:For other people named Jesse Jones, see 3465:People from Robertson County, Tennessee 2598: 2530:Jones, Jesse H.; Angly, Edward (1951). 2423: 2414: 2389: 2367: 2313:"Jesse H. Jones Park and Nature Center" 2236: 2087:. The Houston Symphony. October 3, 2016 1971:. Oglethorpe University. Archived from 1625: 817: 655:Jones helped to secure funding for the 642: 637: 604:, used three letters as an acronym for 3545:American newspaper publishers (people) 3437: 2601:Jesse Jones: The Man and the Statesman 2506: 2490: 1470: 1436:Lionel V. Patenaude (April 13, 2017). 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1369:Caratzas, Michael (January 13, 2009). 1171: 364: 3475:United States secretaries of commerce 3000: 2728:United States Secretaries of Commerce 2700: 2607: 2603:. New York: Henry Holt & Company. 2538: 2463: 2286:Gonzales, J. R. (December 14, 2010). 1884: 1749: 1479: 917:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 678: 246:Jones most important role was in the 2495:. Austin: University of Texas Press. 2085:"Celebrating 50 Years in Jones Hall" 2049:"Jones Hall for the Performing Arts" 1750:Kiger, Patrick J. (April 20, 2015). 1480:Lucko, Paul M. (February 15, 2017). 1112:'s Central Library building and the 687:Jones in his Red Cross uniform, 1918 378:View of Main Street, Dallas, c. 1900 369: 16:American politician and entrepreneur 2683:September 19, 1940 – March 1, 1945 2158:Castillo, Max (November 17, 1996). 1957:– via Portal to Texas Online. 1887:"History-Robertson County Hospital" 1422: 1143:Jesse H. Jones & Edward Angly, 1028: 830: 807:United States secretary of commerce 714:1928 Democratic National Convention 708:1928 Democratic National Convention 211:, Texas. Jones managed a Tennessee 53:United States Secretary of Commerce 13: 3470:Reconstruction Finance Corporation 2500: 2319:. Harris County, Texas, Precinct 4 2107:"About the JHJ School of Business" 1752:"The City with (Almost) No Limits" 1108:Other Jones buildings include the 1103:University of Texas Medical School 1081:'s central libraries includes the 741:Reconstruction Finance Corporation 248:Reconstruction Finance Corporation 14: 3556: 3495:20th-century American politicians 2736:Secretaries of Commerce and Labor 2637: 2419:. Texas A&M University Press. 1066:Jesse H. Jones School of Business 905:Prairie View A & M University 861: 207:politician and entrepreneur from 3422: 3410: 3398: 3386: 3374: 3073: 2767: 2541:Explorations in Economic History 2491:Sibley, Marilyn McAdams (1968). 2396:. University of Illinois Press. 2237:Seaholm, Megan (March 7, 2017). 2139:. rice University. pp. 8–11 2131: 1011:The Houston home of Louisa Jones 1002: 923:and an economics scholarship at 475:at 97th Street, followed by the 2361: 2331: 2305: 2279: 2253: 2230: 2208: 2199: 2177: 2151: 2125: 2099: 2077: 2041: 2032: 2023: 2014: 2005: 1996: 1987: 1961: 1935: 1926: 1904: 1885:Jones, Bill (January 3, 2016). 1878: 1869: 1860: 1851: 1842: 1833: 1824: 1815: 1781: 1743: 1734: 1725: 1716: 1707: 1698: 1689: 1680: 1671: 1662: 1653: 1616: 1607: 1598: 1589: 1580: 1571: 1562: 1553: 1544: 1535: 1514: 1505: 1496: 1461: 1452: 1413: 1404: 1338: 1329: 1320: 1311: 1302: 1293: 1272: 1263: 1254: 1245: 184: 2534:. New York: Macmillan Company. 2493:The Port of Houston: A History 2445:Koistinen, Paul A. C. (2004). 2415:Elliott, Frederick C. (2004). 1638:. PBS and Houston Public Media 1236: 1227: 1218: 1197: 1162: 1137: 1075:University of Houston–Downtown 1037:Portico at Jones Hall, Houston 805:offered Jones the position of 667:Administration the same year. 1: 2630:9#2 (1949), pp. 156–183 2608:White, Gerald Taylor (1980). 2553:10.1016/S0014-4983(03)00013-5 1622:Fenberg (2011), pp. 188– 190. 1130: 901:Texas State College for Women 630:establish a radio affiliate, 624:, which had already seen the 552: 291:Family history and early life 3520:American Red Cross personnel 2464:Olson, James Stuart (1988). 2205:Elliott (2004), pp. 201–202. 1993:Fenberg (2011), pp. 234–235. 1866:Fenberg (2011), pp. 534–535. 1857:Fenberg (2011), pp. 545–546. 1839:Fenberg (2011), pp. 531–534. 1722:Fenberg (2011), pp. 515–518. 1713:Fenberg (2011), pp. 502–512. 1668:Fenberg (2011), pp. 201–203. 1613:Fenberg (2011), pp. 186–187. 1604:Fenberg (2011), pp. 136–139. 1511:Fenberg (2011), pp. 124–125. 1502:Fenberg (2011), pp. 106–107. 1458:Fenberg (2011), pp. 181–183. 1401:Fenberg (2011), pp. 169–173. 1356:Fenberg (2011), pp. 125–127. 1344:Fenberg (2011), pp. 104–105. 982:Houston Mayor Oscar Holcombe 890:Philanthropy and non-profits 618:Columbia Broadcasting System 413:Construction and real estate 21:Jesse Jones (disambiguation) 7: 3460:Businesspeople from Houston 2628:Journal of Economic History 2599:Timmons, Bascom N. (1956). 1821:Fenberg (2011), pp.291–292. 1541:Sibley (1968), pp. 137–138. 325:Robertson County, Tennessee 10: 3561: 3525:Businesspeople from Dallas 3500:People from Terrell, Texas 3071: 2672:U.S. Secretary of Commerce 2563:(Vintage, 2011) pp 59–95. 2515:. New York: Random House. 2339:"The Jesse H. Jones Award" 2187:. Baylor.edu. June 5, 2012 2011:Fenberg (2011), pp. 40–42. 1932:Fenberg (2011), pp. 39–40. 1686:Olson (1988), pp. 210–211. 1595:Fenberg (2011), pp. 74–77. 1559:Fenberg (2011), pp. 66–67. 1550:Fenberg (2011), pp. 51–52. 1482:"Foster, Marcellus Elliot" 1326:Fenberg (2011), pp. 50–52. 1317:Fenberg (2011), pp. 44–46. 1278:Fenberg (2011), pp. 30–32. 1269:Fenberg (2011), pp. 28–30. 1251:Fenberg (2011), pp. 20–23. 1242:Fenberg (2011), pp. 16–19. 1233:Fenberg (2011), pp. 11–15. 1203:Fenberg (2011), pp. 13–15. 913:Texas A & M University 519: 514:Stock Market Crash of 1929 18: 3343: 3306: 3281: 3264:Secretary of the Interior 3262: 3225: 3200: 3163: 3132: 3109:Secretary of the Treasury 3107: 3082: 3042: 2776: 2765: 2734: 2685: 2669: 2661: 2656: 2440:– via Project MUSE. 1419:Fenberg (2011), pp.44–46. 1087:Texas Lutheran University 1062:Texas Southern University 952: 774:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 763:Defense Plant Corporation 453:Bankers Mortgage Building 273:Texas Southern University 194: 171: 161: 140: 112: 107: 103: 91: 79: 69: 58: 50: 46: 37: 30: 3530:American philanthropists 3485:Houston Chronicle people 3283:Secretary of Agriculture 2424:Fenberg, Steven (2011). 2216:"History of the Library" 2164:Houston Business Journal 1912:"Jones College: History" 1159:Fenberg (2011), pp. 7–8. 1056:Houston Theater District 335:was his childhood home. 2778:Secretaries of Commerce 2507:Herman, Arthur (2012). 2390:Daniels, Roger (2016). 2029:Fenberg (2011), p. 134. 2020:Fenberg (2011), p. 100. 2002:Fenberg (2011), p. 329. 1848:Fenberg (2011), p. 538. 1830:Fenberg (2011), p. 535. 1778:Fenberg (2011), p. 544. 1740:Fenberg (2011), p. 543. 1695:Fenberg (2011), p. 357. 1532:Fenberg (2011), p. 181. 1520:Fenberg (2011), p. 173. 971:Southwestern University 909:University of Tennessee 882:, Robert E. Smith, and 575:Marcellus Elliot Foster 2038:Buenger (2003), p. 70. 1875:Elliott (2004), p. 89. 1788:Pratt, Joseph (2004). 1704:Daniels (2016), p. 81. 1586:Fenberg (2011), p. 71. 1577:Fenberg (2011), p. 68. 1568:Buenger (2003), p. 66. 1467:Fenberg (2011), p. 44. 1410:Fenberg (2011), p. 32. 1335:Fenberg (2011), p. 99. 1308:Fenberg (2011), p. 50. 1299:Fenberg (2011), p. 39. 1290:Fenberg (2011), p. 37. 1260:Fenberg (2011), p. 26. 1224:Fenberg (2011), p. 16. 1215:Buenger (2003), p. 67. 1168:Fenberg (2011), p. 11. 1110:Houston Public Library 1083:Jesse H. Jones Library 1038: 1012: 962: 940:Springfield, Tennessee 823:newspapers, including 750: 688: 652: 566: 529: 437:Captain James A. Baker 428:Texas Company (Texaco) 422: 406: 379: 308: 300: 3308:Secretary of Commerce 3227:Secretary of the Navy 3173:Homer Stille Cummings 3098:Edward Stettinius Jr. 3035:Franklin D. Roosevelt 2678:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1731:Fenberg (2011), p. 1. 1438:"Jones, Jesse Holman" 1183:National Park Service 1116:, the former home of 1036: 1010: 975:Oglethorpe University 960: 930:University of Houston 851:University of Houston 811:Franklin D. Roosevelt 797:Secretary of Commerce 748: 735:New York Evening Post 686: 650: 560: 527: 493:Medical Arts Building 420: 401: 377: 306: 298: 264:Franklin D. Roosevelt 74:Franklin D. Roosevelt 3148:Harry Hines Woodring 3123:Henry Morgenthau Jr. 1677:Olson (1988), p. 43. 1659:Olson (1988), p. 44. 1371:"275 Madison Avenue" 1114:Great Jones Building 818:Exit from Washington 669:Edward Mandell House 657:Houston Ship Channel 643:Houston Ship Channel 638:Political activities 236:Houston Ship Channel 2559:Schwarz, Jordan A. 2113:on October 20, 2018 973:, and another from 772:In 1933, President 543:Texas Commerce Bank 365:Business activities 3535:American hoteliers 3345:Secretary of Labor 3202:Postmaster General 3084:Secretary of State 2657:Political offices 2369:Buenger, Walter L. 2267:on October 6, 2018 2239:"HERMANN HOSPITAL" 1039: 1013: 997:Chief Cue-ya-la-na 995:tribe named Jones 963: 872:Judge James Elkins 825:The New York Times 751: 694:American Red Cross 689: 679:American Red Cross 653: 567: 530: 510:275 Madison Avenue 481:200 Madison Avenue 423: 380: 309: 301: 240:American Red Cross 201:Jesse Holman Jones 117:Jesse Holman Jones 3362: 3361: 3297:Claude R. Wickard 3235:Claude A. Swanson 3185:Robert H. Jackson 3117:William H. Woodin 3052:John Nance Garner 2994: 2993: 2695: 2694: 2686:Succeeded by 2680: 2650:, Houston, Texas) 2522:978-1-4000-6964-4 2475:978-0-691-04749-2 2437:978-1-60344-434-7 2403:978-0-252-09764-5 2292:Houston Chronicle 2218:. The TMC Library 1975:on March 19, 2015 1914:. Rice University 1756:urbanland.uli.org 1079:Baylor University 1044:Houston Chronicle 993:Alabama-Coushatta 986:Enrico Cerracchio 855:Houston Chronicle 846:Houston Chronicle 837:Houston Chronicle 767:John Nance Garner 622:Houston Chronicle 597:Houston Chronicle 592:Houston Chronicle 571:Houston Chronicle 563:Houston Chronicle 506:Texas State Hotel 473:1158 Fifth Avenue 432:Houston Chronicle 370:Timber and lumber 224:Houston Chronicle 198: 197: 3552: 3505:American bankers 3427: 3426: 3425: 3415: 3414: 3413: 3403: 3402: 3391: 3390: 3379: 3378: 3377: 3370: 3334:Henry A. Wallace 3291:Henry A. Wallace 3165:Attorney General 3154:Henry L. Stimson 3134:Secretary of War 3077: 3076: 3058:Henry A. Wallace 3021: 3014: 3007: 2998: 2997: 2771: 2721: 2714: 2707: 2698: 2697: 2689:Henry A. Wallace 2675: 2665:Harry L. Hopkins 2662:Preceded by 2654: 2653: 2623: 2604: 2595: 2556: 2535: 2526: 2514: 2496: 2487: 2460: 2441: 2420: 2411: 2386: 2355: 2354: 2352: 2350: 2345:. April 24, 2020 2335: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2309: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2272: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2212: 2206: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2181: 2175: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2138: 2129: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2103: 2097: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2068: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2030: 2027: 2021: 2018: 2012: 2009: 2003: 2000: 1994: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1980: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1949:. March 12, 1940 1939: 1933: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1919: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1882: 1876: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1858: 1855: 1849: 1846: 1840: 1837: 1831: 1828: 1822: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1794: 1785: 1779: 1776: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1762: 1747: 1741: 1738: 1732: 1729: 1723: 1720: 1714: 1711: 1705: 1702: 1696: 1693: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1669: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1651: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1632: 1623: 1620: 1614: 1611: 1605: 1602: 1596: 1593: 1587: 1584: 1578: 1575: 1569: 1566: 1560: 1557: 1551: 1548: 1542: 1539: 1533: 1530: 1521: 1518: 1512: 1509: 1503: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1489: 1477: 1468: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1433: 1420: 1417: 1411: 1408: 1402: 1399: 1390: 1389: 1387: 1385: 1375: 1366: 1357: 1354: 1345: 1342: 1336: 1333: 1327: 1324: 1318: 1315: 1309: 1306: 1300: 1297: 1291: 1288: 1279: 1276: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1258: 1252: 1249: 1243: 1240: 1234: 1231: 1225: 1222: 1216: 1213: 1204: 1201: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1175: 1169: 1166: 1160: 1157: 1148: 1141: 1101:Hospital to the 1099:Memorial Hermann 1093:bears his name. 1029:Death and legacy 880:William P. Hobby 876:Oveta Culp Hobby 831:Zoning proponent 755:President Hoover 489:Marshall Field's 388:Texas State Fair 359:Hillsboro, Texas 346:after a stop in 281:downtown Houston 256:Great Depression 188: 186: 147: 130:Robertson County 126: 124: 108:Personal details 98:Henry A. Wallace 94: 82: 63: 42: 28: 27: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3554: 3553: 3551: 3550: 3549: 3540:Texas Democrats 3515:Timber industry 3435: 3434: 3433: 3423: 3421: 3411: 3409: 3397: 3385: 3375: 3373: 3365: 3363: 3358: 3353:Frances Perkins 3339: 3316:Daniel C. Roper 3302: 3277: 3272:Harold L. Ickes 3258: 3253:James Forrestal 3221: 3216:Frank C. Walker 3196: 3159: 3128: 3103: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3064:Harry S. Truman 3038: 3025: 2995: 2990: 2772: 2763: 2730: 2725: 2691: 2682: 2674: 2667: 2648:Rice University 2640: 2620: 2523: 2503: 2501:Further reading 2476: 2457: 2438: 2404: 2383: 2364: 2359: 2358: 2348: 2346: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2322: 2320: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2284: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2244: 2242: 2235: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2204: 2200: 2190: 2188: 2183: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2166: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2132:Kean, Melissa. 2130: 2126: 2116: 2114: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2090: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2062: 2061: 2054: 2052: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2028: 2024: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1988: 1978: 1976: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1952: 1950: 1941: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1917: 1915: 1910: 1909: 1905: 1895: 1893: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1865: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1820: 1816: 1806: 1804: 1797:Houston History 1792: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1770: 1760: 1758: 1748: 1744: 1739: 1735: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1681: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1654: 1641: 1639: 1634: 1633: 1626: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1608: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1585: 1581: 1576: 1572: 1567: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1536: 1531: 1524: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1501: 1497: 1487: 1485: 1478: 1471: 1466: 1462: 1457: 1453: 1443: 1441: 1434: 1423: 1418: 1414: 1409: 1405: 1400: 1393: 1383: 1381: 1373: 1367: 1360: 1355: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1334: 1330: 1325: 1321: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1289: 1282: 1277: 1273: 1268: 1264: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1237: 1232: 1228: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1207: 1202: 1198: 1188: 1186: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1167: 1163: 1158: 1151: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1031: 1005: 955: 892: 864: 841:Hugh Roy Cullen 833: 820: 799: 783:Alfred P. Sloan 743: 719:Marshall, Texas 710: 681: 645: 640: 584:Miriam Ferguson 565:Building (1913) 555: 522: 415: 372: 367: 293: 277:Rice University 232:Port of Houston 190: 187: 1920) 182: 178: 162:Political party 149: 145: 128: 122: 120: 119: 118: 92: 80: 64: 59: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3558: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3432: 3431: 3419: 3407: 3395: 3383: 3360: 3359: 3357: 3356: 3349: 3347: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3337: 3331: 3328:Jesse H. Jones 3325: 3319: 3312: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3300: 3294: 3287: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3275: 3268: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3241:Charles Edison 3238: 3231: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3220: 3219: 3213: 3206: 3204: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3194: 3191:Francis Biddle 3188: 3182: 3176: 3169: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3138: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3126: 3120: 3113: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3101: 3095: 3088: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3067: 3061: 3055: 3048: 3046: 3044:Vice President 3040: 3039: 3024: 3023: 3016: 3009: 3001: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2782: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2740: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2724: 2723: 2716: 2709: 2701: 2693: 2692: 2687: 2684: 2676:Served under: 2668: 2663: 2659: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2639: 2638:External links 2636: 2635: 2634: 2624: 2619:978-0817300180 2618: 2605: 2596: 2584:10.1086/233060 2578:(4): 211–224. 2567: 2557: 2547:(2): 101–121. 2536: 2527: 2521: 2502: 2499: 2498: 2497: 2488: 2474: 2461: 2456:978-0700613083 2455: 2442: 2436: 2421: 2412: 2402: 2387: 2382:978-0292798427 2381: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2356: 2330: 2304: 2278: 2252: 2229: 2207: 2198: 2176: 2150: 2124: 2098: 2076: 2040: 2031: 2022: 2013: 2004: 1995: 1986: 1960: 1934: 1925: 1903: 1891:The Connection 1877: 1868: 1859: 1850: 1841: 1832: 1823: 1814: 1780: 1768: 1742: 1733: 1724: 1715: 1706: 1697: 1688: 1679: 1670: 1661: 1652: 1624: 1615: 1606: 1597: 1588: 1579: 1570: 1561: 1552: 1543: 1534: 1522: 1513: 1504: 1495: 1469: 1460: 1451: 1421: 1412: 1403: 1391: 1358: 1346: 1337: 1328: 1319: 1310: 1301: 1292: 1280: 1271: 1262: 1253: 1244: 1235: 1226: 1217: 1205: 1196: 1170: 1161: 1149: 1135: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1030: 1027: 1004: 1001: 954: 951: 925:Austin College 891: 888: 868:Suite 8F Group 863: 862:Suite 8F Group 860: 832: 829: 819: 816: 803:Woodrow Wilson 798: 795: 787:General Motors 742: 739: 731:Walter Lippman 709: 706: 680: 677: 665:Woodrow Wilson 644: 641: 639: 636: 554: 551: 521: 518: 457:Alfred C. 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Morgan 463:in Dallas. 81:Preceded by 32:Jesse Jones 3439:Categories 3247:Frank Knox 2901:Richardson 2871:Trowbridge 2349:August 13, 2323:October 6, 2271:October 6, 2091:October 1, 1761:August 22, 1488:October 2, 1384:August 13, 1131:References 1052:Jones Hall 1022:John Staub 801:President 759:Republican 673:Manchester 553:Publishing 449:Fort Worth 441:Rice Hotel 285:Jones Hall 218:lumberyard 205:Democratic 177:Mary Gibbs 166:Democratic 123:1874-04-05 3381:Biography 3032:President 2961:Gutierrez 2926:Mosbacher 2911:Klutznick 2791:Alexander 2744:Cortelyou 1979:March 18, 977:in 1941. 919:honoring 469:Manhattan 283:known as 134:Tennessee 70:President 61:In office 3405:Politics 3393:Business 2986:Raimondo 2976:Pritzker 2931:Franklin 2916:Baldrige 2886:Peterson 2836:Harriman 2786:Redfield 2317:Hcp4.net 2191:June 19, 2065:cite web 1189:March 2, 733:and the 348:Illinois 313:Virginia 234:and the 3367:Portals 3028:Cabinet 2856:Mueller 2851:Strauss 2831:Wallace 2821:Hopkins 2801:Whiting 2749:Metcalf 2592:2350206 2055:May 10, 1147:(1951). 1054:in the 696:during 520:Banking 213:tobacco 209:Houston 189: 181: 151:Houston 3336:(1945) 3119:(1933) 3066:(1945) 2971:Bryson 2951:Mineta 2941:Kantor 2921:Verity 2896:Morton 2866:Connor 2861:Hodges 2841:Sawyer 2811:Chapin 2806:Lamont 2796:Hoover 2754:Straus 2632:online 2616: 2590: 2565:online 2519: 2482: 2472: 2453: 2434: 2400: 2379: 1122:Humble 1118:Texaco 1091:Seguin 953:Honors 911:, and 907:, the 753:After 723:Conroe 483:faced 172:Spouse 157:, U.S. 136:, U.S. 3417:Texas 2966:Locke 2956:Evans 2946:Daley 2936:Brown 2906:Kreps 2881:Stans 2876:Smith 2846:Weeks 2826:Jones 2816:Roper 2759:Nagel 2588:JSTOR 2480:JSTOR 2137:(PDF) 1793:(PDF) 1374:(PDF) 573:from 183:( 179: 155:Texas 2981:Ross 2891:Dent 2614:ISBN 2517:ISBN 2470:ISBN 2451:ISBN 2432:ISBN 2398:ISBN 2377:ISBN 2351:2021 2325:2018 2299:2018 2273:2018 2247:2018 2224:2018 2193:2013 2171:2018 2145:2018 2119:2018 2093:2018 2071:link 2057:2010 1981:2015 1955:2018 1920:2018 1898:2018 1809:2018 1763:2019 1644:2017 1490:2018 1446:2017 1386:2021 1191:2018 721:and 632:KPRC 612:ice 602:KTRH 141:Died 113:Born 51:9th 3030:of 2580:doi 2549:doi 1803:(2) 1089:in 785:of 608:he 319:in 3441:: 2586:. 2576:25 2574:. 2545:40 2543:. 2478:. 2341:. 2315:. 2290:. 2162:. 2067:}} 2063:{{ 1945:. 1889:. 1799:. 1795:. 1771:^ 1754:. 1646:. 1627:^ 1525:^ 1472:^ 1424:^ 1394:^ 1376:. 1361:^ 1349:^ 1283:^ 1208:^ 1181:. 1152:^ 1124:. 1105:. 1058:. 988:. 903:, 878:, 874:, 634:. 516:. 287:. 185:m. 153:, 132:, 3369:: 3020:e 3013:t 3006:v 2720:e 2713:t 2706:v 2622:. 2594:. 2582:: 2555:. 2551:: 2525:. 2486:. 2459:. 2410:. 2385:. 2353:. 2327:. 2301:. 2275:. 2249:. 2226:. 2195:. 2173:. 2147:. 2121:. 2095:. 2073:) 2059:. 1983:. 1922:. 1900:. 1811:. 1801:1 1765:. 1492:. 1448:. 1388:. 1193:. 614:H 610:R 606:T 125:) 121:( 23:.

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