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build a vihara on the grounds of
Mahavihara. The Mahavamsa quotes the king: "We will make the vihara to be dwelt in yet again; forgive me my fault." Sanghamitra was assassinated by a labourer on the instructions of a wife of the king. Sangamitra's demise and the construction of parivena by minister Meghavannabhaya marked the return of monks to the site of Mahavihara.
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The compound covers approximately 5.6 hectares and is estimated to have housed 10,000 Buddhist monks. One side of the stupa is 176 m (576 ft) long, and the flights of stairs at each of the four sides of it are 9 m (28 ft) wide. The doorpost to the shrine, which is situated in the
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Thus the construction of
Jetavanaramaya began and was offered to the monk Tissa, but later the monk was accused of a grave offense upon investigation and proof by a minister, monk Tissa was eventually disrobed and expelled from the order. The Dakkhinagiri monks were then entrusted with the premises
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The pillaging led to a rebellion by minister
Meghavannabhaya, he raised an army from Malaya and set camp by the Duratissaka tank. King Mahasena marched an army to meet minister Meghavannabhaya and negotiations occurred the night before the battle. The king apologized for the pillaging and agreed to
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As the largest ancient stupa constructed and one of the tallest ancient structures in the world, the structural ingenuity and engineering skills employed for the construction are significant. The foundations of the structure were 8.5m deep and the size of the structure required bricks which could
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Conservation in the late 1990s was funded by the income from ticket sales, mainly to foreign tourists to the three cultural triangle sites of
Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Sigiriya. Bricks were burned using the same kind of mixture that was used by the builders of the original dagoba. There has
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Until 1909, the colossal structure was covered with shrub jungle. Monk
Kumbuke Dhammarama of Sailabimbaramaya temple of Gammanpita received approval to clear the stupa. The approval was, however, cancelled as the monk decided to settle down. Polonnaruwa Sobita sought and received permission to
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kingdom in the 11th century, the stupa with others was covered by jungle. King
Parakramabahu in the 12th century tried to renovate this stupa and it was rebuilt to the current height, a reduction from the original height. Today it stands at 71 metres (233 ft).
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Excavations have revealed artefacts indicating that Sri Lanka was the primary entrepot for trade activity connecting the Indian rim countries as well as the
Mediterranean and the Far East, and artistic influences that point to a shared culture in South Asia.
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whose feet were protected with leather bindings. The bricks used for the construction were a significant development of ancient Sri Lankan engineering, the bricks used for
Jetavanaramaya had a composition of 60 percent fine
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sand and clay provided the bonding material for the bricks. The clay employed was pliable and thus accommodates movement within the structure. One of the sides of the brick was roughened to trap the bonding
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to prevent insect and plant intrusions inside the stupa. It is estimated that
Jetavanaramaya took 15 years to complete and would have required a skillful workforce of hundreds, including
209:; and the tallest non-pyramidal building; the height of the stupa was 122 metres (400 ft), making it the tallest stupa in the ancient world. With the destruction and abandonment of
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withstand loads of up to 166 kg. The solid foundation lay on bedrock and the dome was constructed of full and half bricks and earth fill, the unique shape of a perfect
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The structure is no longer the tallest, but it is still the largest, with a base-area of 233,000 m (2,508,000 sq ft). Approximately 93.3 million baked
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continue clearing the premises but approval was once again cancelled when the monk initiated the collection of contributions. However, the monk refused to leave.
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were used in its construction; the engineering ingenuity behind the construction of the structure is a significant development in the history of the island.
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however been a decline of the city due to the significant war that existed in the late 1990s. A brick shortage has slowed down the restoration efforts.
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The
Jetavanaramaya was under the monks of the Sagalika sect. The Sagalika sect was closely linked with the Abhyagiri Viharaya. Towards the end of the
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quotes Sanghamitra: "The dwellers in the Mahavihara do not teach the (true) vinaya, we are those who teach the (true) Vinaya, O king".
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allowed for stress and thus allowed the construction of the large structure. The Mahavamsa describes the foundation laying, where
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as king by Mahayana monk Sanghamitra; under the monk's influence King Mahasena brought about a campaign against
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Ranaweera, Munidasa P (December 2004). "Ancient Stupas in Sri Lanka – Largest Brick Structures in the World".
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The structure is significant in the island's history as it represents the tensions within the
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Ranaweera, M.P. "Some structural analyses related to the conservation of Jetavana Stupa".
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The importance of the Jetavanaramaya's location is that Mahinda, who brought Buddhism to
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Only the tallest is listed for complexes/projects with multiple buildings or structures.
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Silva, R. 1990, "Bricks – A unit of construction in ancient Sri Lanka", ICTAD Journal,
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courtyard, is 8 m (27 ft) high. The stupa has a 8.5 m (28 ft) deep
174:(273–301). He initiated the construction of the stupa following the destruction of the
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The Mahavihara was eventually abandoned. The monks dwelling at the premises moved to
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Maha Bodhi Tree in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka: The Oldest Historical Tree in the World
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escalated to an extent to which a penalty was established for any person providing
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841:"Renovation of archaeological sites: Is it a question of preserving or perishing?"
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Original height: 122 m (400 ft), Current height: 71 m (233 ft)
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868:. (752 p.; 1620 illustrations). Hong Kong: Visual Dharma Publications, Ltd.
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Glimpses of Art, Architecture, and Buddhist Literature in Ancient India.
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Discover Sri Lanka - More information & images about Jetavana Dagaba
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dwelling in the Mahavihara. The differences between the Theravadins and
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completed the construction of the stupa, and it was renovated by
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thus limiting lateral movement. The stupa was then covered with
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Archaeological protected monuments in Anuradhapura District
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Mandawala, P.B. (2002). "The Jetavana Stupa Rediscovered".
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Chandani Kirinde & Sunil Jayathilake (27 May 2001).
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List of tallest structures built before the 20th century
794:"Engineering skills in ancient and medieval Sri Lanka"
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Ancient Buddhist Mural Painting of India and Sri Lanka
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Buildings and structures completed in the 4th century
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is believed to be the relic that is enshrined here.
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251:Following King Jettha Tissa's death, his brother
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755:A Guide to The Cultural Triangle in Sri Lanka
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547:Great Cities of the Ancient World. p. 338.
16:Dagoba in North Central Province, Sri Lanka
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857:Ratnayake, Hema (1993) Jetavana. In
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730:(70). Construction History Society.
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859:The Cultural Triangle of Sri Lanka
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524:Architecture of ancient Sri Lanka
2087:Buddhist temples in Anuradhapura
2082:Tourist attractions in Sri Lanka
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1587:Relic of the tooth of the Buddha
1366:Mapalagama Wipulasara Maha Thera
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866:Buddhist Sculptures of Sri Lanka
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1868:Cinnamon Life Integrated Resort
1809:Tallest structures in Sri Lanka
1316:Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero
864:Schroeder, Ulrich von. (1990).
861:. Paris: Unesco Publishing/CCF.
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622:Sinhalese Monastic Architecture
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344:and was later called Jetavana.
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186:. A part of a belt tied by the
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1311:Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero
742:Buddhism: A Modern Perspective
682:"Jetavana, back to the people"
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184:Parakramabahu I of Polonnaruwa
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1356:Hikkaduwe Sri Sumangala Thera
414:; the plaster used contained
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1306:Thotagamuwe Sri Rahula Thera
1222:Dimbulagala Raja Maha Vihara
940:Bellanwila Rajamaha Viharaya
800:. 2008-12-24. Archived from
176:Mahaviharaya of Anuradhapura
170:) when it was built by King
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1419:Charles Alwis Hewavitharana
684:. Sunday Times. 7 June 2009
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2013:Lakvijaya Power Station
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1326:Madihe Pannaseeha Thero
348:Design and construction
158:world heritage city of
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1946:Cinnamon Red Colombo
1768:Sri Lanka portal
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1592:Kandy Esala Perahera
1566:Dharmapala Vidyalaya
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1409:Anagarika Dharmapala
1217:Dambulla cave temple
568:. 2002. p. 204.
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1934:Iceland Residencies
1928:Crescat Residencies
1850:Colombo City Centre
1838:Sapphire Residences
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1166:Somawathiya Chaitya
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316:Anuradhapura period
71:Architectural style
58:General information
1962:Under construction
1892:Shangri-La Colombo
1874:World Trade Center
1627:Vesak in Sri Lanka
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1541:Dharmaraja College
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874:962-7049-05-0
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804:on 2013-05-08
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2018:
1994:(≥90 metres)
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1631:
1473:Philosophers
1238:Buduruvagala
1205:Cave temples
1149:Architecture
1115:
1106:Lovamahapaya
1062:
1028:Muthiyangana
970:Seema Malaka
865:
858:
834:
822:
817:
806:. Retrieved
802:the original
797:
762:
754:
749:
741:
740:Prebish, C.
736:
727:
721:
702:
697:
686:. Retrieved
663:
658:
650:the original
621:
617:
604:
598:
587:. Retrieved
583:
574:
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560:
543:
502:
485:
481:
470:Conservation
458:workers and
412:lime plaster
396:
371:
357:
341:
335:
313:
302:Late history
296:
292:
277:
250:
228:
216:
211:Anuradhapura
192:
160:Anuradhapura
130:
126:
124:
119:5.6 hectares
83:Anuradhapura
50:Former names
2001:Lotus Tower
1922:The Monarch
1898:The Emperor
1505:Siam Nikaya
1454:George Keyt
1376:Nyanatiloka
1295:Sanghamitta
1186:Naka Vihara
1171:Isurumuniya
1101:Thuparamaya
1083:Atamasthana
1073:Kiri Vehera
1068:Sela Cetiya
1053:Thuparamaya
1018:Diva Guhava
998:Mahiyangana
975:Sithulpawwa
491:Excavations
464:stonemasons
460:bricklayers
420:sugar syrup
261:Theravadins
257:consecrated
2051:Categories
1975:Achilleion
1617:Vibhishana
1381:S. Mahinda
1301:Maliyadeva
1258:Gal Vihara
1121:Mirisaveti
1111:Abhayagiri
1058:Abhayagiri
1043:Mirisaveti
950:Kataragama
808:2012-08-17
772:8170172268
712:0706970632
688:2014-11-05
630:9004039929
611:: 125–133.
589:2018-01-08
553:0385091877
452:sesame oil
424:egg whites
330:See also:
265:Mahayanins
220:foundation
178:. His son
139:ජේතවනාරාමය
116:Floor area
98:Dimensions
28:ජේතවනාරාමය
1880:OnThree20
1825:Completed
1816:Buildings
1640:Culavamsa
1633:Mahavamsa
1524:Education
1397:Buddhists
1268:Reswehera
1231:Sculpture
1212:Vessagiri
1126:Lankarama
1023:Dighavapi
960:Mihintale
456:brickyard
416:seashells
383:elephants
375:ellipsoid
342:Joitavana
338:Sri Lanka
273:Mahavamsa
201:sects of
195:Theravada
1818:(≥100 m)
1728:Glossary
1721:Category
1665:Politics
1299:Arahant
1293:Arahant
1287:Arahant
1013:Sri Pada
1008:Kelaniya
1003:Nagadipa
508:See also
399:dolomite
379:fissures
332:Jetavana
282:and the
253:Mahasena
203:Buddhism
199:Mahayana
79:Location
1969:The One
1954:(100 m)
1948:(105 m)
1942:(105 m)
1936:(110 m)
1930:(113 m)
1924:(113 m)
1918:(115 m)
1912:(129 m)
1906:(131 m)
1900:(132 m)
1894:(134 m)
1888:(140 m)
1882:(146 m)
1876:(152 m)
1870:(153 m)
1864:(154 m)
1858:(182 m)
1852:(193 m)
1846:(194 m)
1840:(224 m)
1834:(240 m)
1735:Outline
1622:Pattini
1602:Upulvan
1580:Culture
1289:Mahinda
929:Temples
448:arsenic
440:pebbles
224:bedrock
150:) is a
135:Sinhala
1904:Empire
1832:Altair
872:
770:
757:. p. 6
709:
628:
551:
462:, and
444:copper
408:slurry
403:sieved
231:bricks
188:Buddha
156:UNESCO
90:Height
66:Dagoba
2021:(120)
2015:(150)
2009:(172)
2003:(350)
1742:Index
1597:Natha
1158:Stupa
535:Notes
436:resin
432:glues
152:stupa
2027:(92)
1977:(50)
1971:(95)
870:ISBN
768:ISBN
707:ISBN
626:ISBN
549:ISBN
392:clay
388:sand
358:Nāga
269:alms
255:was
245:and
197:and
166:and
125:The
63:Type
825:,
129:or
2053::
796:.
779:^
671:^
637:^
624:.
607:.
582:.
466:.
430:,
426:,
422:,
418:,
290:.
226:.
141:,
137::
2036:*
1801:e
1794:t
1787:v
914:e
907:t
900:v
829:.
811:.
774:.
744:.
715:.
691:.
664:2
632:.
592:.
555:.
133:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
