458:
365:, the building of a series of water piping and filtering systems (and related public works) to carry fresh water to the city. This work was particularly important in the improvement of conditions in the city, and to public health, as it improved sanitation and helped reduce outbreaks of cholera, typhus and other diseases associated with contaminated water. On the opening of the works on 30 June 1863, Gray was
334:(of which he was the sole proprietor from 1850), he became a significant figure in Dublin municipal politics. He was also active in national politics during an otherwise quiet period of Irish politics up until 1860. With the resurgence of nationalism after the famine he helped to organise the Tenant's League founding conference in 1850, standing unsuccessfully as the League's candidate for
473:. Almost immediately afterwards public subscriptions were sought for the erection in O'Connell Street, of a monument to Gray. The monument was completed in 1879 and was dedicated to the "appreciation of his many services to his country, and of the splendid supply of pure water which he secured for Dublin". His legacy also included his contributions to the passage of the Irish Church and
437:. Gray helped to furnish the proof that Irish demands were not to be satisfied by anything other than by radical legislation. He fought for the provision in the new Landlord & Tenant (Ireland) Act 1870 for fixity of tenure, which Gladstone eventually conceded. The Act's other weaknesses however resulted in its failure to resolve the "land question", the accompanying
398:, Paul Cullen (1803–1878), a man devoted to O'Connell's memory, Gray's newspaper exploited this shift in government policy. It supported the archbishop's creation, the National Association of Ireland, established in 1864 with the intention of providing a moderate alternative to the revolutionary nationalism of the
341:
Later Gray was to originate and organise the "courts of arbitration" which O'Connell endeavoured to substitute for the existing legal tribunals of the country. Following O'Connell's death, Dr. Gray (in 1862) inaugurated an appeal for subscriptions to build a monument to O'Connell on
Sackville Street
38:
1189:
313:
and "conspiracy against the queen". In the following
February, Gray, together with O'Connell, was condemned to nine months imprisonment, but early in September 1844 the sentence was remitted on appeal. The trial had a strong element of farce, as the hot-tempered
393:
at the time was keen to conciliate an influential representative of the moderate nationalists to support
British Liberalism and who would resume O'Connell's constitutional agitation. In an unusual alliance with the Catholic
761:
429:
and in
Ireland for the reforms also advocated in his paper; his newspaper's inquiry into the anomalous wealth of the established church amidst a predominately Catholic population contributed considerably to
263:
and Master in
Surgery at Glasgow University in 1839. Shortly before his marriage in the same year, he settled in Dublin and took up a post at a hospital in North Cumberland Street. He was admitted as a
326:
to a duel, for which he was sternly reprimanded by the judges. From then on Gray was careful to distance himself from the advocacy of violence in the national cause, though he was sympathetic to the
357:, and took an interest in the improvement of the city. As chairman of the committee for a new water supply to Dublin, Dr. Gray actively promoted what would become the "Vartry scheme". The
441:, the disappointment with Gladstone's handling of the university question and national education, caused Gray to deflect from the Liberals and become mistrusted in Britain. In the
556:
Argent an anchor erect Sable entwined by a ribbon Azure with the word VARTRY inscribed thereon in letteres of Gold on a canton of the third a castle of the first flammant Proper.
757:
989:
582:
Some sources give Gray's birth year as 1816 (Burke, Leslie). Other sources note 1815 (Dublin
Corporation, NZ Tablet obituary). Date shown is as per the inscription on his
496:
231:
in
England on 9 April 1875. Shortly after his death, his contributions to the provision of the water supply, and the beneficial impact this had to conditions of
608:
696:
658:
285:
for a time, before becoming sole proprietor in 1850. As owner, Gray increased the newspaper's size, reduced its price and extended its circulation.
630:
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265:
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872:
200:
1234:
1095:
418:
204:
123:
1244:
1169:
1224:
1154:
973:
1199:
1174:
449:
MP for
Kilkenny, joining its Home Rule majority in the House of Commons, and held his seat until his death the following year.
1194:
1091:
726:
395:
1219:
550:
An anchor erect Sable entwined as in the arms with a ribbon Azure with the word VARTRY inscribed thereon in letters of Gold.
271:
Gray was publicly minded, and contributed to periodicals and the newspaper press. In 1841 he became joint proprietor of the
1100:
488:
442:
414:
899:"Monuments, power and contested space — the iconography of Sackville Street (O'Connell Street) before Independence (1922)"
370:
306:
1239:
1020:
983:
898:
602:
1229:
1179:
1164:
1075:
845:
657:. Vol. VI, Part XLIII. Dublin: Journal of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland. pp. 230–242.
922:
704:
1159:
469:, in England, on 9 April 1875. His remains were returned to Ireland and he was honoured with a public funeral at
831:
484:
Gray had married Mary Anna Dwyer of
Limerick in 1839, and they had five children; three sons and two daughters.
1104:
649:
346:). Independent from O'Connell, Gray continued to take a prominent part in Irish politics and in local affairs.
1214:
1209:
1204:
1184:
179:, was an Irish physician, surgeon, newspaper proprietor, journalist and politician. Gray was active both in
315:
1144:
374:
323:
410:, reform of the land laws, educational aspirations of Irish Catholicism and free denominal education.
975:
Ingenious
Ireland: A County-by-County Exploration of the Mysteries and Marvels of the Ingenious Irish
940:
196:
1066:
634:
504:
431:
256:
212:
583:
377:. Partially in recognition of these efforts, Gray would later be nominated for the position of
298:
1190:
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Kilkenny constituencies (1801–1922)
866:
1084:
478:
434:
426:
830:
330:
movement without being involved in its 1848 rebellion. Through the growing influence of the
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273:
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adopted the aims of the Association as its own: it advocated the disestablishment of the
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354:
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1016:
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302:
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Gray entered politics at a relatively young age, and attached himself to O'Connell's
216:
184:
604:
The Annual Register (a review of public events at home and abroad for the year 1875)
495:. Edmund also followed his father into politics, and would eventually become MP for
651:
On the Working of the Sanitary Laws in Dublin, with Suggestions for their Amendment
446:
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278:
220:
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with Britain. In October 1843, Gray was indicted with O'Connell and others in the
474:
1036:
836:
466:
362:
255:; the third son of John and Elizabeth Gray of Mount Street. He was educated at
228:
84:
1123:
327:
277:– a nationalist paper which was then published daily and weekly. He acted as
232:
195:
Water Works Committee between 1863 and 1875, and Member of Parliament in the
361:
scheme involved the partial redirection and damming of the Vartry river in
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675:
252:
248:
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61:
16:
Irish physician, surgeon, newspaper proprietor, journalist and politician
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water supply works were completed, introducing a freshwater supply to
513:(Edmund Dwyer Gray's son, and Sir John Gray's grandson) would become
366:
350:
335:
310:
1061:
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457:
37:
809:
Grey, Sir John (1816–1875), newspaper proprietor and politician
805:. Vol. 23. Oxford University Press. 2004. pp. 436–7.
349:
In municipal politics, Gray was elected councillor in 1852 and
224:
477:, his advocacy for tenant's rights and his support of the
425:
candidate. In this capacity he campaigned successfully at
849:. Vol. 23. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 9.
183:
and national government for much of his life, and had
941:"Dublin Water (Solving Dublin's Drinking Problems)"
235:in Dublin, were recognised in a memorial statue on
219:. Through his offices with Dublin Corporation, the
301:, he supported the movement for the repeal of the
946:. Extractive Industry Ireland. 2008. p. 93.
381:for the years 1868–69, but he declined to serve.
207:from 1865 until his death. He was a supporter of
1121:
760:. New Zealand Tablet. 12 June 1875. p. 14.
697:"Glasnevin-Cemetery.ie – Entry on Sir John Gray"
175:(13 July 1815 – 9 April 1875), sometimes spelt
971:
720:
1010:
187:ideals – which he expressed as owner of the
42:Memorial statue on Dublin's O'Connell street
904:. University College Dublin. Archived from
201:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
596:
594:
592:
36:
1039:. National Library of Ireland. p. 45
1037:"Grants and Confirmations of Arms Vol. G"
896:
1067:contributions in Parliament by John Gray
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445:he was re-elected on this occasion as a
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858:
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803:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
691:
689:
647:
589:
266:licentiate of the College of Physicians
1122:
992:from the original on 27 September 2021
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641:
611:from the original on 27 September 2021
461:Gray's tombstone in Glasnevin Cemetery
875:from the original on 6 September 2008
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820:
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776:
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1015:. Vol. 3rd.ed. pp. 153–4.
915:
871:. xix. Dublin: M.H. Gill & son.
864:
853:
686:
978:. Simon and Schuster. p. 469.
887:
623:
452:
13:
1150:19th-century Irish medical doctors
953:from the original on 25 April 2017
815:
14:
1256:
1235:19th-century Irish businesspeople
1054:
764:from the original on 16 July 2011
729:from the original on 2 March 2021
664:from the original on 21 July 2011
633:. Mayo-Ireland.ie. Archived from
1245:Medical doctors from County Mayo
1076:Parliament of the United Kingdom
846:Dictionary of National Biography
503:(1880–1881), and a supporter of
491:took over the management of the
215:, and advocated a repeal of the
1170:Activists for Irish land reform
1029:
1004:
965:
933:
868:A Compendium of Irish Biography
511:Edmund John Chisholm Dwyer-Gray
1225:19th-century Irish journalists
1155:19th-century Irish politicians
832:"Gray, John (1816–1875)"
576:
1:
1200:Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery
1175:Protestant Irish nationalists
1013:Dictionary of Irish Biography
829:Gilbert, John Thomas (1890).
322:, challenged Gray's counsel,
259:, and obtained the degree of
242:
227:city and suburbs. He died at
1195:Politicians from County Mayo
316:Attorney General for Ireland
7:
288:
10:
1261:
526:Coat of arms of John Gray
408:Anglican Church of Ireland
389:In national politics, the
375:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
307:Court of the Queen's Bench
1108:
1089:
1081:
1074:
925:. ENFO.ie. Archived from
723:"John Gray – Doctor Who?"
631:"People from Claremorris"
309:in Dublin on a charge of
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151:
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129:
119:
111:
103:
92:
73:
47:
35:
23:
1240:Writers from County Mayo
1220:Freeman's Journal people
570:
497:Dublin (Stephen's Green)
443:general election of 1874
1230:People from Claremorris
1180:Irish Liberal Party MPs
1165:Irish newspaper editors
972:Mary Mulvihill (2003).
607:. London. p. 139.
520:
505:Charles Stewart Parnell
257:Trinity College, Dublin
213:Charles Stewart Parnell
1160:Irish male journalists
680:Trinity College Dublin
648:Norwood, John (1872).
601:Burke, Edmund (1876).
465:Sir John Gray died at
462:
338:in the 1852 election.
299:Protestant Nationalist
247:John Gray was born in
1011:Boylan, John (1998).
865:Webb, Alfred (1878).
701:Glasnevin-Cemetery.ie
460:
435:Irish Church Act 1869
415:1865 general election
1185:Home Rule League MPs
1092:Member of Parliament
911:on 14 February 2006.
758:"John Gray Obituary"
707:on 18 November 2007.
501:Lord Mayor of Dublin
419:MP for Kilkenny city
396:Archbishop of Dublin
379:Lord Mayor of Dublin
124:MP for Kilkenny City
721:Gerard Cunningham.
682:(Catalogue record).
542:Ulster King of Arms
527:
515:Premier of Tasmania
320:Thomas Cusack-Smith
1112:Benjamin Whitworth
562:Anchor Fast Anchor
538:John Bernard Burke
525:
479:Home Rule movement
471:Glasnevin Cemetery
463:
391:Liberal government
385:Political reformer
355:Dublin Corporation
295:Repeal Association
193:Dublin Corporation
191:, chairman of the
97:Glasnevin Cemetery
1145:Irish Protestants
1118:
1117:
1109:Succeeded by
929:on 21 April 2006.
568:
567:
493:Freeman's Journal
489:Edmund Dwyer Gray
487:One of his sons,
417:Gray was elected
404:Freeman's Journal
332:Freeman's Journal
324:Gerald Fitzgibbon
274:Freeman's Journal
189:Freeman's Journal
167:
166:
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1215:UK MPs 1874–1880
1210:UK MPs 1868–1874
1205:UK MPs 1865–1868
1085:Michael Sullivan
1082:Preceded by
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453:Death and legacy
447:Home Rule League
371:Earl of Carlisle
359:Vartry Reservoir
344:O'Connell Street
279:political editor
237:O'Connell Street
221:Vartry Reservoir
209:Daniel O'Connell
197:House of Commons
146:Home Rule League
112:Other names
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1041:. Retrieved
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996:27 September
994:. Retrieved
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955:. Retrieved
935:
927:the original
917:
906:the original
877:. Retrieved
867:
844:
808:
806:
802:
766:. Retrieved
733:27 September
731:. Retrieved
705:the original
700:
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666:. Retrieved
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79:(1875-04-09)
77:9 April 1875
58:13 July 1815
18:
1140:Gray family
1135:1875 deaths
1130:1815 births
1065:1803–2005:
841:Lee, Sidney
536:Granted by
432:Gladstone's
427:Westminster
283:the Journal
253:County Mayo
249:Claremorris
185:nationalist
104:Nationality
66:County Mayo
62:Claremorris
1124:Categories
1043:12 January
553:Escutcheon
475:Land Bills
243:Early life
54:1815-07-13
181:municipal
177:John Grey
133:1865–1875
115:John Grey
87:, England
68:, Ireland
990:Archived
957:24 April
948:Archived
873:Archived
843:(eds.).
762:Archived
727:Archived
659:Archived
609:Archived
439:coercion
367:Knighted
351:alderman
336:Monaghan
311:sedition
289:Politics
160:Children
99:, Dublin
1062:Hansard
423:Liberal
413:In the
400:Fenians
373:, then
369:by the
297:. As a
199:of the
1019:
982:
402:. The
318:, Sir
225:Dublin
152:Spouse
951:(PDF)
944:(PDF)
909:(PDF)
902:(PDF)
879:6 May
835:. In
768:6 May
668:6 May
662:(PDF)
655:(PDF)
571:Notes
559:Motto
547:Crest
533:Notes
421:as a
342:(now
120:Title
107:Irish
1105:1875
1101:1865
1094:for
1045:2023
1017:ISBN
998:2021
980:ISBN
959:2017
881:2008
770:2008
735:2021
670:2008
617:2021
521:Arms
467:Bath
229:Bath
203:for
130:Term
74:Died
48:Born
353:of
281:of
261:M.D
1126::
1103:–
988:.
889:^
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817:^
778:^
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713:^
699:.
688:^
678:.
591:^
540:,
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