637:, John's illegitimate son. Once again Inverness was captured and the people of the north instructed to deny the authority of James III. Beyond this we know nothing from the sparse contemporary sources, not even how this rebellion was brought under control. It most certainly had the effect Edward desired; for the Scottish government, faced with rebellion in the north, and fearful of attack in the south, dropped the politically embarrassing Lancastrian connection. John, presumably now aware how worthless the Westminster agreement truly was, backed down, declaring his seizure of the Inverness customs had been illegal. No further action was taken against him – for the present.
718:
630:, that envisaged nothing less than the conquest and partition of Scotland. John agreed to pay homage to Edward in return for his help in obtaining all of Scotland north of the Forth. The treaty is a remarkably vague document considering the risks John was prepared to take. It says absolutely nothing about the nature, scale and timing of English support. But for Edward it was a brilliant diplomatic coup. He achieved maximum results at minimum expense, laying out only as much bait as necessary to create a political disturbance in northern Scotland.
463:
598:
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771:, his son, Angus Óg, was murdered by his Irish harper, Diarmait MacCairbre, in 1490. With the death of Angus, John re-emerged from the shadows, but his “feebleness of character and the lawlessness of his chieftains” led him to bestow lordship of the Isles on his nephew, Alexander Lochalsh. Alexander tried to re-establish control over the earldom of Ross, but was defeated by the Mackenzies, a leading local family, at the
22:
388:, but in a conservative, land-based society, a figure of no lasting significance. John, with a large following at his heels, rich as he was, always craved more land. Sir James' power was purely personal, and his daughter would not normally have been considered as a suitable match for the Lord of the Isles. Instead of growing to love or at least respect Elizabeth, John came to loathe her.
746:
Angus, according to Hugh
Macdonald, ejected John both from the leadership of the clan and from his own home, forcing him to seek shelter under an old boat, and precipitating a bitter civil war. John managed to raise an army of his own against his son, and his fleet of galleys met those of Angus sometime in the early 1480s – we cannot be more precise than that – off the coast of
766:
What happened to John immediately after Bloody Bay is uncertain, but
Scottish historian Richard D. Oram has noted that following Angus' victory, "John was no longer able to perform the vital function of maintaining stability in the west, and, as divisions deepened, the writing was on the wall for the
622:
John agreed to send his plenipotentiaries to London. This was a dangerous move, for while John's predecessors had contacts with the
English, they had never committed themselves too far. Moreover, the English had never made any real attempt to assist the Lordship when it was in difficulties with the
383:
John's marriage to
Elizabeth Livingstone had been determined by the usual calculations of profit and position, as were those of other important people of the time. There was one important difference with the alliance of John and Elizabeth: he came from a great landed family, she did not. Elizabeth
745:
But John had lost much more than land – he lost prestige and standing among his own kin. The
Lordship had always depended on territorial expansion to give life to its warrior values; but now that it was contracting all of the latent tensions came forth, finding expression in the person of Angus Ă“g.
514:
in
February 1452 have to the matter out between them. Douglas refused to appear without safe conduct under the royal seal, indicating that he had serious concerns about his safety. When they met, King James demanded that the earl break the bond. The earl defied the royal command and the king, with
726:
either at home or abroad, John had little choice but to make his peace with the king in the summer of 1476. Considering the full extent of his treason, far greater than that which had destroyed the Border
Douglases, he was treated with comparative leniency. He lost the earldom of Ross – with the
518:
John showed little concern for the fate of his ally, especially as James effectively turned a blind eye to the occupation of the northern castles. His relations with the crown continued to improve and he did nothing to prevent the final destruction of the house of
Douglas in 1455, even obtaining
608:
So far John had done rather well. He had defied the king and survived. He extended his power and influence from
Inverness to the English border. Had he died at this point he might be well remembered in the annals of Clan Donald. But he now took a fatal step, the consequences of which were to
798:
It is difficult to know what to make of John of the Isles, the man who was destined to preside over the ruin of a great inheritance. He appears to have had an odd assortment of qualities, sometimes assertive and arrogant, other times weak and submissive. Hugh
Macdonald, the seventeenth century
725:
In the mid 1470s Edward, preparing for a war with France, and anxious for good relations with Scotland, finally revealed the full terms of the Westminster treaty. John was summoned before parliament to answer for his treasons, and when he failed to appear was declared forfeit. With no allies,
509:
had formed a bond 'against all men, including the king'. This was taken as a direct threat to the king's rule. Whether there was an intention to depose King James is open to question. Having learned of the bond, King James invited the Earl of Douglas to
802:
His wife, Elizabeth Livingstone, accused him of trying to murder her while she was pregnant. He started his rule as a lion and ended as a sheep, having in the process alienated almost everyone, including the closest members of his family.
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from the country. Henry took refuge in Scotland, where he was well received. Edward at once sent the exiled earl of Douglas, the brother of the man murdered at Stirling, on a diplomatic mission to the Isles. At his court in the
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in the early 1480s. Thereafter and until his death in 1503 John remained an inconsequential figure while, until his murder in 1490, Angus continued to dominate the affairs of Clan Donald. In 1493
783:
in 1503 and is believed to have been buried at Scone. According to tradition, he was laid to rest, at his own request, in the tomb of Robert II, his royal ancestor.
799:
historian of Clan Donald, says that he was "a meek, modest man . . . and a scholar more fit to be a churchman than to command so many irregular tribes of people."
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finally brought the independent Lordship of the Isles to an end, and John spent the remainder of his life in the Lowlands as a pensioner of the king. He died in
32:
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title to some of their border estates. The sudden and unexpected death of James in 1460 brought an early change of direction. Soon after the accession of
343:, in the remoter formerly Norse-dominated regions of the kingdom. His defeat in this conflict led to rebellion against John by his illegitimate son
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crown of Scotland. It should have been perfectly clear that Edward was trying to create a diversion. Sadly for the Lord of the Isles, it was not.
871:
Scotland's 'Celtic Fringe' in the Late Middle Ages: the Macdonald Lords of the Isles and the Kingdom of Scotland, in The British Isles, 1100–1500
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Margaret Macdonald. She married Kenneth Mackenzie, 8th of Kintail, son of Alexander Mackenzie, 7th of Kintail and Anna Margaret Macdougall.
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742:. The designation of Lord of the Isles, moreover, was from this point forward to be granted by the crown, rather than self-assumed.
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This revolt of the Lord of the Isles came at a dangerous time for the king, who was involved in a virtual civil war with the
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Soon after his disgrace Sir James took refuge with his son-in-law. John at once rose in revolt, taking the royal castles of
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the assistance of several of his closest companions, killed him. Most historians believe this murder was not planned.
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Even before the agreement was concluded the Islemen took to arms, advancing eastwards under the command of
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In February 1462 John's representatives concluded an agreement once referred to as the
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Anderson, William; Innes, Cosmo; Brichan, James Brodie; Robertson, Joseph (1854).
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betray the essential weakness of his character. In England the Yorkists under
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History of the Clan Donald, the Families of MacDonald, McDonald and McDonnell
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History of the Clan Donald, The Families of MacDonald, McDonald and McDonnell
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The Lordship of the Isles, in Scottish Society in the Fifteenth Century
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The Lordship of the Isles, in The Middle Ages in the Highlands
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339:: specifically in the struggle for power with James Stewart,
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
754:, an area ever afterwards to be known as Bloody Bay. The
1303:"History of the MacDonalds and the Lords of the Isles"
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Alexander of Islay, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles
1427:
104:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1575:persuaded her to resign the earldom to his own son
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926:"John of Isla 4th Lord of the Isles, Earl of Ross"
906:The Earldom of Ross and the Lordship of the Isles
347:, resulting in the defeat of John's fleet at the
1808:
1791:* Held by the eldest male child of the reigning
1334:The Lords of the Isles: A History of Clan Donald
790:annexed Islay and the other Isles to the Crown.
950:Macdonald, Angus; Macdonald, Archibald (1896).
178:This article is about John II. For John I, see
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878:The Highlands and Western Islands of Scotland
819:. He married Lady Mary Campbell, daughter of
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355:brought the Lordship of the Isles to an end.
823:and Isabel Stewart. He was murdered in 1490.
1582:, who opposed Albany's title in her favour.
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750:to the north-west of the present town of
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1128:History of the Ancient Province of Ross
507:Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Crawford
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1216:"John MacDonald II, Lord of the Isles"
1191:"John MacDonald II, Lord of the Isles"
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840:Cannon,John ; Hargreaves, Anne.
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1332:Paterson, Raymond Campbell (2001).
1040:battle of bloody bay victory angus.
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1131:. Dingwall: Pefferside. p. 96
844:, (Oxford University Press, 2004)
821:Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll
775:. In 1493, the Parliament of King
197:Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles
185:Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles
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1428:Mormaers, earls and dukes of Ross
1336:. Edinburgh: Berlinn. p. 46.
842:The Kings & Queens of Britain
786:The final blow came in 1540 when
1668:Claimants (1493 & following)
1235:. Gretna: Pelican. p. 125.
873:, ed. A. Grant and R. R. Davies.
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767:lordship." As recorded in the
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1092:. Washington, D. C. p. 42
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1058:. Leiden: Brill. p. 255.
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1827:Nobility from Argyll and Bute
1708:Henry Stuart, Prince of Wales
1630:Lords of the Isles, 1336–1493
1229:MacDonald, Donald J. (2008).
901:, in Highland Papers I, 1914.
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113:"John of Islay, Earl of Ross"
1714:Charles Stuart, Duke of York
1266:Origines Parochiales Scotiae
806:He fathered illegitimately:
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1842:15th-century Scottish peers
1732:James Francis Edward Stuart
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613:had chased the Lancastrian
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1649:Alasdair a ĂŤle (Alexander)
1269:. Edinburgh. p. 2:264
1150:McKean (10 October 2023).
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1021:Lee, Henry James (1920).
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1177:McKean Historical Notes
1153:McKean Historical Notes
1089:McKean Historical Notes
987:R.L. Polk & Company
837:, ed. J. M. Brown, 1977
641:Angus Ă“g and Bloody Bay
1573:Robert, Duke of Albany
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42:by rewriting it in an
1637:Eoin I a ĂŤle (John I)
1580:Donald, Lord of Isles
1195:Undiscovered Scotland
1125:Bain, Robert (1899).
892:The History of Argyll
885:A History of Scotland
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602:James III of Scotland
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475:Victorian illustrator
471:The Lord of the Isles
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341:James III of Scotland
261:Elizabeth Livingstone
1720:Charles James Stuart
1488:Euphemia II (Leslie)
817:Aonghas Ă“g Macdonald
777:James IV of Scotland
756:Battle of Bloody Bay
679:improve this section
647:Battle of Bloody Bay
620:castle of Ardtornish
559:improve this section
424:improve this section
349:Battle of Bloody Bay
320:, fourth (and last)
98:improve this article
1307:The Celtic Magazine
497:Treaties and Allies
1623:Lords of the Isles
1505:Alexander of Islay
1370:Title next held by
1349:Alexander of Islay
890:MacDonald, C. M.,
773:Battle of the Park
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1179:. p. 43.
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409:This section
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331:
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109:Find sources:
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85:
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55:
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41:
35:
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29:This article
27:
18:
17:
1795:(and later,
1702:James Stuart
1654:
1525:James Stuart
1520:Henry Stuart
1509:
1494:John Stewart
1390:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1356:Earl of Ross
1354:
1333:
1327:
1315:. Retrieved
1310:
1306:
1297:
1271:. Retrieved
1265:
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1231:
1224:
1210:
1198:. Retrieved
1194:
1185:
1176:
1170:
1158:. Retrieved
1156:. p. 43
1152:
1145:
1133:. Retrieved
1127:
1120:
1094:. Retrieved
1088:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1054:
1047:
1039:
1032:. Retrieved
1023:
1016:
1011:Mackie, p115
1007:
995:. Retrieved
985:. New York:
981:
974:
962:. Retrieved
952:
945:
933:. Retrieved
929:
920:
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891:
884:
877:
870:
855:
854:Dunbar, J.,
841:
834:
805:
801:
797:
785:
765:
744:
728:Isle of Skye
724:
701:
692:
677:Please help
665:
632:
625:
607:
581:
572:
557:Please help
545:
517:
500:
480:
470:
446:
437:
422:Please help
410:
382:
362:
325:
318:Earl of Ross
313:
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196:
175:
160:
151:
141:
134:
127:
120:
108:
96:Please help
91:verification
88:
58:
49:
30:
1832:Clan Donald
1822:1503 deaths
1817:1434 births
1776:(1952–2022)
1770:(1910–1936)
1764:(1901–1910)
1758:(1841–1901)
1752:(1762–1820)
1746:(1727–1751)
1740:(1714–1727)
1734:(1688–1702)
1728:(1630–1649)
1716:(1612–1625)
1710:(1594–1612)
1704:(1566–1567)
1698:(1540–1541)
1666:Clan Donald
1657:(1449–1493)
1651:(1423–1449)
1645:(1386–1423)
1639:(1336–1386)
1472:William III
1232:Clan Donald
989:. pp.
904:Munro, J.,
869:Grant, A.,
330:Clan Donald
284:Clan Donald
211:Predecessor
1811:Categories
1675:Aonghas Ă“g
1578:Âł Married
1571:² In 1415
1565:Âą Married
1477:Euphemia I
1462:William II
1387:1449–1493
1360:1449–1476
1317:13 October
1273:13 October
1248:13 October
1200:13 October
1160:13 October
1135:13 October
1096:13 October
1071:13 October
997:7 November
964:7 November
828:References
721:Bloody Bay
359:Early life
328:(chief of
124:newspapers
1799:) monarch
1457:William I
1283:cite book
1106:cite book
752:Tobermory
695:July 2024
666:does not
611:Edward IV
575:July 2024
546:does not
521:James III
483:Inverness
467:MacDonald
440:July 2024
411:does not
154:July 2024
52:July 2024
1793:Scottish
1782:(2022– )
1391:Forfeit
1175:McKean.
1034:18 March
935:18 March
762:Twilight
740:Hebrides
732:Knapdale
635:Angus Og
615:Henry VI
512:Stirling
487:Urquhart
386:James II
379:Marriage
353:James IV
345:Angus Ă“g
337:Scotland
272:Angus Ă“g
1797:British
1780:William
1774:Charles
1452:Ferchar
1367:Forfeit
788:James V
736:Kintyre
687:removed
672:sources
567:removed
552:sources
491:Ruthven
432:removed
417:sources
245:Either
138:scholar
38:Please
1768:Edward
1762:George
1722:(1629)
1364:Vacant
1239:
1062:
894:, 1950
862:
848:
794:Legacy
781:Dundee
369:Huntly
324:, and
300:Mother
290:Father
258:Spouse
241:Burial
235:Dundee
140:
133:
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111:
1435:Earls
913:Notes
373:minor
279:House
267:Issue
247:Scone
203:Reign
145:JSTOR
131:books
1467:Hugh
1319:2022
1289:link
1275:2022
1250:2022
1237:ISBN
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1162:2022
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1060:ISBN
1036:2017
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