1989:
1546:
1610:
1529:
108:
1586:
1598:
1562:
829:
1574:
83:
402:
1517:
1886:
53:
2277:
2387:
thought to help in regulation of blood pressure, stimulate the immune system, prevent ulcers and aid in wound healing. Jujube fruit is also combined with other herbs to treat colds and influenza. It is used to protect and heal the kidneys, heart, and spleen. Jujube is also one of the ingredients used in
Chinese medicine to modulate the effects of other herbs, preventing overpowering effects or clashing properties.
2369:
1622:
1988:
2010:, are often eaten as a snack, or with coffee. Smoked jujubes are consumed in Vietnam and are referred to as black jujubes. A drink can be made by crushing the pulp in water. Both China and Korea produce a sweetened tea syrup containing jujube fruit in glass jars, and canned jujube tea or jujube tea in the form of teabags. To a lesser extent, jujube fruit is made into juice and jujube
2421:
for instruments. Select grade Jujube timber is often used in traditional Asian instruments for fingerboard, pegs, rests & soundposts, ribs & necks etc. It has a medium to hard density similar to luthier grade
European maple and has excellent tonal qualities. Jujube Wood can be found in local
1853:
The tree tolerates a wide range of temperatures and rainfall, though it requires hot summers and sufficient water for acceptable fruiting. Unlike most of the other species in the genus, it tolerates fairly cold winters, surviving temperatures down to about −15 °C (5 °F), and the tree is,
2386:
for many purposes. Some investigational research indicates possibilities related to their traditional use to alleviate stress and for sedation. In these systems, it is also believed to have uses as an antiseptic/antifungal agent, anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, and muscle relaxer. It is also
1896:, prevalent in China and Korea, is the main disease affecting jujubes, though plantings in North America currently are not affected by any pests or diseases. In Europe, the last several years have seen some 80%–90% of the jujube crop eaten by insect larvae (see picture), including those of the
2120:
fruit was widely eaten. He describes its taste as like "a bad plum, an unripe cherry, and an insipid apple". He gives the local names for three varieties as "Hindi (Indian), Baladi (native), Tamri (date-like)." A hundred years ago, a close variety was common in the
2669:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
2422:
folk instruments from Ceylon/India thru to China/Korea; it is also commonly used in China in violin & cello making for overseas export, though usually stained black to imitate the look of ebony. Luthier grade jujube wood planes and carves beautifully.
2410:, due to the similar shape. Its hard, oily wood was, along with pear, used for woodcuts to print books starting in the 8th century and continuing through the 19th in China and neighboring countries. As many as 2000 copies could be produced from one jujube
1794:(repetition of exactly the same name in the genus and species) are not permitted in botanical naming. However, because of Miller's slightly different spelling, the combination of the earlier species name (from Linnaeus) with the new genus,
2253:. In Senegal and The Gambia, Jujube is called Sii dem or Ceedem, and the fruit is used as snack and also turned into a dried paste favoured as a sweetmeat by schoolchildren. More recently it has been processed and sold in Dakar by women.
3660:: "A river watering the garden flowed from Eden; from there it was separated into four headwaters. The name of the third river is the Tigris; it runs along the east side of Ashur. And the fourth river is the Euphrates."
2668:
3548:"edX Course: HarvardX: HUM1.3x Print and Manuscript in Western Europe, Asia and the Middle East (1450-1650) > Comparandum: Printing in East Asia > Main Technology: Xylography"
1659:
3610:(Christ's thorn), a tall, stout, tropical tree (see image above) with dense prickly branches which produces a sweet reddish fruit similar to that of the jujube (the 'unnāb =
2644:
1663:
1381:. The Chinese jujube enjoys a diverse range of climates from temperate to tropical, whereas the Indian jujube is restricted to warmer subtropical and tropical climates.
3589:
1239:
812:
1858:. This wide tolerance enables the jujube to grow in mountain or desert habitats, provided there is access to underground water throughout the summer. The jujube (
3349:
4297:
3612:
2236:
In
Northern and Northeastern India the fruit is eaten fresh with salt and chilli flakes and also preserved as candy, jam or pickle with oil and spices.
1545:
2287:
1675:
1671:
3989:
3590:"The Sidrah (Lote-Tree) and the Sidrat al-Muntaha (Lote-Tree of the Extremity): Some Apects of their Islamic and Bābī-Bahā'ī Iintepretations"
4257:
2054:
1751:
2057:
3407:
2676:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
4164:
3898:
3474:"Comparison of the sedative and hypnotic effects of flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides extracted from Semen Ziziphus jujube"
2636:
4282:
4177:
3950:
3911:
2772:
2763:
1943:
3636:
2201:
Traditionally in India, the fruits are dried in the sun and the hard seeds removed, after which the dried flesh is pounded with
2476:
3981:
3531:
3239:
2681:
2049:(Chinese liquor), which allows them to be kept fresh for a long time, especially through the winter. Such jujubes are called
4053:
3955:
1528:
3221:
2695:
3671:
3593:
4267:
2905:
2053:(醉枣; literally "drunk jujube"). The fruit is also a significant ingredient in a wide variety of Chinese delicacies (e.g.
1877:
in the western part of the island, threatening mostly protected areas. It is cultivated in parts of southern
California.
1803:
3859:
3277:
2239:
In
Madagascar, jujube fruit is eaten fresh or dried. People also use it to make jam. A jujube honey is produced in the
2063:
In
Vietnam and Taiwan, fully mature, nearly ripe fruit is harvested and sold on the local markets and also exported to
4307:
4292:
3388:
3095:
2972:
2827:
2348:
2306:
4272:
3994:
2320:
4322:
4277:
4190:
3937:
3195:
2840:
Kurihara, Y. (1992). "Characteristics of antisweet substances, sweet proteins, and sweetness-inducing proteins".
3547:
4312:
1826:
Its precise natural distribution is uncertain due to extensive cultivation, but its origin is thought to be in
4208:
4079:
2327:
1609:
3319:
Illustrated Bible
Dictionary and Treasury of Biblical History, Biography, Geography, Doctrine, and Literature
3130:"Origin of agriculture and domestication of plants and animals linked to early Holocene climate amelioration"
2768:
1235:
808:
4287:
3890:
3877:
3111:
2985:
Kirkbride, Joseph H.; Wiersma, John H.; Turland, Nicholas J. (2006). "(1753) Proposal to conserve the name
2632:
2379:
3366:
3812:
3807:
3794:
2122:
1783:
2334:
2036:
and the pickle, Bogori aachar (বগৰি আচাৰ), is famous. In China, a wine made from jujube fruit is called
4203:
4182:
4074:
3916:
3657:
2754:
2491:
1226:
799:
3706:
4317:
4004:
3976:
3755:
3325:
2937:
2727:
2295:
1790:(using Tournefort's spelling for the genus name). For the species name, he used a different name, as
1655:
107:
3673:
Skanda Purana: Vaishnava Khanda: Badrinath
Kshetra Mahatmya: English Translation only without Slokas
1499:
with lower acidity, maturing brown to purplish-black, and eventually wrinkled, looking like a small
4302:
2316:
1850:
though more likely introduced there. It grows wild but is also a garden shrub, kept for its fruit.
1585:
2221:, fresh whole ripe fruit is crushed with the above ingredients and sun-dried to make cakes called
2073:, a cold beverage that includes the dried jujube, longan, fresh seaweed, barley, and lotus seeds.
3885:
2942:
2732:
2585:
2291:
1123:
696:
3872:
3717:
3292:
2260:
2170:
1714:(the tree). A descendant of the Latin word into a Romance language, which may have been French
1687:
20:
3434:
1084:
657:
4043:
3312:
2950:
2881:
2740:
2483:. Local tradition holds that the place where the city was built was the original site of the
2407:
1097:
670:
224:
3473:
4030:
3968:
3833:
2263:
popular in movie theaters originally contained jujube juice but now uses other flavorings.
1561:
1449: in) wide, with three conspicuous veins at the base, and a finely toothed margin. The
1149:
1110:
722:
683:
24:
1802:
a tautonym, and was therefore permitted as a botanical name. This combination was made by
8:
4038:
3231:
2182:
2176:
1847:
1750:
The binomial name has a curious nomenclatural history, due to a combination of botanical
1377:
1238:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
811:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
72:
4066:
3766:
2607:
4229:
4100:
3571:
3504:
3454:
3010:
2886:
2453:
2113:
2029:
1897:
1573:
1536:
1495: in) deep; when immature it is smooth-green, with the consistency and taste of an
1136:
1064:
908:
709:
637:
481:
248:
102:
2137:. It could be dried and kept for winter or made into a paste which was used as bread.
1597:
4262:
4151:
4025:
3820:
3527:
3496:
3435:"Mise en évidence d'un effet psychotrope de la teinture mère de Zizyphus jujuba Mill"
3273:
3245:
3235:
2968:
2857:
2823:
2687:
2677:
2562:
2437:
2117:
1961:
Silverhill (also known as Yu and
Tigertooth) can be grown in areas with high humidity
1764:
1162:
1009:
735:
582:
64:
3628:
3458:
3317:
2890:
2390:
The fruit contains many different healthy properties like vitamins and amino acids.
2341:
2043:
Sometimes pieces of jujube fruit are preserved by storing them in a jar filled with
1782:
to be placed in a separate genus (as it had already been by the pre-Linnaean author
4234:
4156:
4105:
3825:
3508:
3488:
3446:
3041:
3002:
2849:
2794:
2580:
2514:
1893:
1874:
1314:
1285:
1256:
4143:
3799:
3786:
2931:
2721:
4327:
4132:
4012:
3740:
3408:"Jujube growers find innovative ways to turn waste into sustainable new products"
3099:
2799:
2488:
2403:
2240:
2230:
2141:
1778:
1699:
1397:
reaching a height of 5–12 metres (16–39 feet), usually with thorny branches. The
145:
3272:. Vol. 5, Fruits. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media. p. 580.
2302:
2022:
1516:
4061:
3776:
3345:
2671:
2484:
2432:
2069:
2064:
1839:
1835:
1827:
1776:, considered that the jujube and its relatives were sufficiently distinct from
1721:
1390:
132:
3492:
3450:
3129:
2853:
2502:
rivers, where the city is currently). The tree is a tourist spot in the town.
1933:
The fruit, when the plant is kept as a garden shrub, is picked in the autumn.
4251:
3963:
3864:
3249:
2571:
2067:
countries. The dried fruit is used in desserts in China and Vietnam, such as
1902:
1866:
are widely distributed in milder climates to hot deserts of Asia and Africa.
1843:
1769:
1755:
240:
92:
87:
1621:
4221:
4092:
3693:
3500:
3170:
2691:
2206:
1754:, and variations in spelling. It was first named in the binomial system by
1175:
860:
748:
433:
4017:
3225:
3199:
3092:
2861:
2631:
828:
3924:
3749:
2418:
2007:
844:
417:
3014:
4169:
3903:
3472:
Jiang, Jian-Guo; Huang, Xiao-Juan; Chen, Jian; Lin, Qing-Sheng (2007).
3329:
3046:
3029:
2793:
Pasiecznik, N (7 January 2022). Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) (Report).
2305:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
2218:
2088:
2011:
1923:
1870:
1372:
1026:
992:
599:
565:
191:
3929:
2025:
2018:
2015:
3846:
3006:
2542:
2518:
2499:
2468:
2186:
in parts of India and is eaten both fresh and dried. The Arabic name
2126:
2082:
1994:
1885:
1791:
1667:
1651:
1552:
1500:
1042:
962:
615:
535:
3711:
3354:
From Cedar to Hyssop. A study in the Folklore of Plants in Palestine
3220:
2430:
In Arabic-speaking regions the jujube and alternatively the species
2032:(কুলের আচার) in west Bengal and Bangladesh. In Assam it is known as
1463: in) wide, with five inconspicuous yellowish-green petals. The
4216:
4126:
4087:
3734:
2506:
2202:
2096:
1927:
1645:
1367:
975:
548:
201:
158:
4195:
3942:
3851:
3316:
3136:, Vol. 87, No. 1, 10 July 2004, 54-59. Indian Academy of Sciences.
2521:, from the Sanskrit compound Badarīnātha, consisting of the terms
401:
52:
2411:
2214:
2149:
2130:
1862:) grows in cooler regions of Asia. Five or more other species of
1855:
1831:
1641:
942:
515:
181:
2875:
Mahajan, R.; Chopda, M. (8 August 2017). "Phyto-Pharmacology of
3838:
2530:
2510:
2495:
2109:
2101:
2045:
1734:
1450:
1398:
1375:. It is often confused with the closely related Indian Jujube,
1323:
1300:
1294:
171:
31:
3040:(4). International Association for Plant Taxonomy: 1211–1214.
3001:(4). International Association for Plant Taxonomy: 1049–1050.
1335:
3297:
A Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah
3074:
2480:
2449:
2383:
2246:
2156:. Confusion in the common name apparently is widespread. The
1690:
1504:
1496:
1468:
1464:
1394:
1271:
1265:
119:
2664:
2662:
2472:
2210:
1911:
1806:
in 1882. In 2006, a proposal was made to suppress the name
1329:
2637:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
2168:
is used for three other cultivated or wild species, e.g.,
1326:
1320:
1297:
1291:
1268:
1262:
2659:
884:
457:
2494:
says that a river flowed from the garden and split into
1747:, the name of that plant in a Native American language.
1648:, which suppresses the ability to perceive sweet taste.
2984:
2965:
W. J. Bean Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles
2868:
2417:
The timber is sometimes used for small items, such as
1818:
is thus the correct scientific name for this species.
1786:
in 1700), and in the 1768 edition he gave it the name
1332:
1303:
1274:
2609:
The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
2152:, it is commonly eaten as a snack, and is known as
1317:
1288:
1259:
3367:"Kamala's Corner: Indian Jujube – Elanthai Pazham"
3060:S. Chaudhary. "Rhamnaceae" in: S. Chaudhary (Ed).
2930:
2720:
2673:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1910:In Madagascar, it is widely eaten by free-ranging
3578:, Qatar National Printing Press. p.1139, n. 3814.
3576:The Holy Qur-an. Text, Translation and Commentary
3471:
3171:"Jujubes: Plant Care and Collection of Varieties"
1979:Winter delight, major commercial variety in China
1074:
952:
647:
525:
4249:
2929:
2719:
2627:
2625:
2545: – Palm tree cultivated for its sweet fruit
3164:
3162:
3112:"Fact Sheet: False codling moth - Citrus Pests"
2266:
1503:. There is a single hard kernel, similar to an
1401:are shiny-green, ovate-acute, 2–7 centimetres (
3160:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
2301:Please review the contents of the section and
2099:, jujubes are used in marmalades, juices, and
2006:The freshly harvested, as well as the candied
839:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
412:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
3334:It overruns a great part of the Jordan valley
2874:
2622:
1942:Chico (also called GI 7-62) developed by the
1738:
833:Jujube fruit naturally turns red upon drying.
2586:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63538A12688176.en
2233:). It is also commonly consumed as a snack.
1715:
4298:Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine
3587:
3168:
3139:
3104:
2833:
2814:
2812:
2810:
1914:, and its seeds grow easily in zebu feces.
1821:
1724:
1709:
1703:
2792:
2633:United States Food and Drug Administration
1814:, and this proposal was accepted in 2011.
1729:, in turn gave rise to the common English
81:
51:
3405:
3307:
3305:
3270:Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants
3045:
2798:
2584:
3526:. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle. p. 91.
3227:The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants
2903:
2839:
2807:
1987:
1955:Lang, major commercial variety in the US
1884:
3356:. The Sheldon Press, London. pp.112,113
3122:
2773:United States Department of Agriculture
2764:Germplasm Resources Information Network
2217:. In some parts of the Indian state of
1944:United States Department of Agriculture
1889:Jujube date attacked by an insect larva
4250:
3606:This is apparently the wild jujube or
3521:
3311:
3302:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3027:
2957:
2904:Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert.
2533:. It is also known as Badarikashrama.
2028:in Chinese). They are used for making
1949:Li, major commercial variety in the US
3716:
3715:
3669:
3524:Tea: the Drink that Changed the World
3432:
3414:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3406:Schremmer, Jessica (14 August 2020).
3369:. Kamalascorner.com. 25 December 2008
3030:"Report of the General Committee: 11"
2116:, observed that the local variety of
2112:, the 19th-century English explorer,
1854:for instance, commonly cultivated in
4005:aaa0f558-dc19-4191-9ada-0b16b4fd8921
3222:United States Department of the Army
3062:Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2951:participating institution membership
2741:participating institution membership
2715:
2713:
2378:The fruit and its seeds are used in
2270:
4258:IUCN Red List least concern species
3267:
3256:
2906:"A Greek-English Lexicon, ζίζυ^φον"
2747:
2572:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2555:
2467:An ancient jujube tree in the city
1686:The ultimate source of the name is
13:
3683:
3670:Books, Kausiki (24 October 2021).
3324:. London, Edinburgh and New York:
3198:. Seasonalchef.com. Archived from
2647:from the original on 27 March 2024
2256:In Australia jujube beer is made.
1869:This plant has been introduced in
1551:Foliage of Ziziphus mauritiana in
16:Species of plant with edible fruit
14:
4339:
3700:
2710:
2402:has given its name to a style of
4209:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718762-1
4080:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719213-1
3639:from the original on 2 June 2021
2367:
2275:
2144:, the dried drupes are known as
1620:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1544:
1527:
1515:
1313:
1284:
1255:
827:
400:
106:
3707:Nutritional data for the jujube
3663:
3651:
3621:
3581:
3565:
3540:
3515:
3465:
3426:
3399:
3381:
3359:
3339:
3286:
3214:
3188:
3085:
3067:
3054:
3021:
2978:
2923:
2897:
2698:from the original on 9 May 2024
1737:, which is a loan from Spanish
1347:, known by the scientific name
4283:Trees of Mediterranean climate
2786:
2600:
2475:, is claimed by locals as the
2303:add the appropriate references
2249:has an alcoholic syrup called
1917:
1733:. This name is not related to
1425:inches) long and 1–3 cm (
1384:
1:
2769:Agricultural Research Service
2549:
2448:) which are mentioned in the
2393:
2133:valued the fruit, calling it
2076:In Korea, jujubes are called
849:1,201 kJ (287 kcal)
3676:. Kausiki Books. p. 13.
3389:"La pastinaca di Santu Pati"
2800:10.1079/cabicompendium.57556
2505:Jujube tree is important in
2380:Traditional Chinese Medicine
2267:Traditional Chinese medicine
1973:Honey jar, small juicy fruit
1936:
1660:Quercetine 3-O-robinobioside
1654:found in the fruits include
1635:
1365:, is a species in the genus
1234:Percentages estimated using
807:Percentages estimated using
7:
3293:Burton, Sir Richard Francis
2820:Trees of Britain and Europe
2579:: e.T63538A12688176. 2007.
2536:
2436:are closely related to the
2288:reliable medical references
2001:
1952:Shanxi li, very large fruit
1922:Jujube was domesticated in
1681:
1227:Link to USDA Database entry
800:Link to USDA Database entry
10:
4344:
4268:Fruits originating in Asia
3328:. p. 688 – via
2967:, Supplement. John Murray
2425:
1992:Steamed jujube cakes in a
1905:(Cryptophlebia) leucotreta
1880:
1691:
1678:were found in the fruits.
1453:are small, 5 millimetres (
422:331 kJ (79 kcal)
29:
18:
4116:
3724:
3696:, Yan Lin Aung, FL: 1986.
3522:Martin, Laura C. (2007).
3493:10.1080/14786410701192827
3451:10.1007/s10298-008-0362-7
3064:. Vol II (Part One) 2001.
2938:Oxford English Dictionary
2854:10.1080/10408399209527598
2728:Oxford English Dictionary
2513:is worshipped in a major
2294:or relies too heavily on
1708:(used for the fruit) and
1698:. This was borrowed into
1664:Quercetine 3-O-rutinoside
1656:Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside
1233:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1174:
1161:
1148:
1135:
1122:
1109:
1096:
1083:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1041:
1025:
1008:
991:
974:
961:
940:
936:
932:
925:
921:
905:
901:
897:
881:
877:
873:
857:
853:
843:
838:
826:
806:
796:
792:
784:
772:
768:
760:
747:
734:
721:
708:
695:
682:
669:
656:
635:
631:
627:
614:
598:
581:
564:
547:
534:
513:
509:
505:
498:
494:
478:
474:
470:
454:
450:
446:
430:
426:
416:
411:
399:
254:
247:
230:
223:
103:Scientific classification
101:
79:
70:
59:
50:
45:
4308:Plants described in 1753
4293:Medicinal plants of Asia
3481:Natural Product Research
3028:Barrie, Fred R. (2011).
2060:, a steamed rice cake).
1822:Distribution and habitat
1507:, containing two seeds.
1371:in the buckthorn family
30:Not to be confused with
4273:Flora of temperate Asia
3690:Fruits of Warm Climates
3629:"The Tree of Knowledge"
3098:1 November 1996 at the
2943:Oxford University Press
2879:Mill- A Plant Review".
2733:Oxford University Press
2261:commercial jujube candy
2148:, while in neighboring
2095:In Croatia, especially
1983:
1743:, itself borrowed from
1236:US recommendations
809:US recommendations
4323:Drought-tolerant trees
4278:Flora of tropical Asia
3608:Zizyphus spina-christi
3313:Easton, Matthew George
2963:Clarke, D. L. (1988).
2842:Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
2818:Rushforth, K. (1999).
2529:(lord), an epithet of
1998:
1890:
1739:
1725:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1240:the National Academies
813:the National Academies
23:. For the person, see
21:Jujube (confectionery)
4313:Garden plants of Asia
3196:"Rare Fruit: Jujubes"
2910:www.perseus.tufts.edu
2882:Pharmacognosy Reviews
2458:Z. spina-christi
2408:Japanese tea ceremony
2171:Z. spina-christi
2080:(대추) and are used in
1991:
1926:by 9000 BC. Over 400
1888:
1774:Gardener's Dictionary
927:Vitamins and minerals
500:Vitamins and minerals
1930:have been selected.
1846:, and possibly also
1534:Plate from the book
307:Ziziphus orthacantha
25:Jujubee (drag queen)
4288:Dietary supplements
3596:on 6 September 2004
3572:Abdullah, Yusuf Ali
3350:Louise Baldenserger
3268:Lim, T. K. (2013).
3232:Skyhorse Publishing
3202:on 29 November 2010
2941:(Online ed.).
2731:(Online ed.).
2194:species other than
1946:(USDA) in the 1950s
1848:southeastern Europe
1615:Fruit cross section
1591:Close-up of flowers
823:
396:
348:Ziziphus soporifera
73:Conservation status
19:For the candy, see
3433:Goetz, P. (2009).
3346:Crowfoot, M. Grace
3326:T. Nelson and Sons
3047:10.1002/tax.604026
2525:(jujube tree) and
2492:creation narrative
2487:(a passage in the
2251:brodo di giuggiole
2183:Z. nummularia
2177:Z. mauritiana
2114:Sir Richard Burton
1999:
1898:false codling moth
1891:
1752:naming regulations
1537:Flora de Filipinas
1467:is an edible oval
1201:Other constituents
821:
774:Other constituents
406:Fresh jujube fruit
394:
364:Ziziphus trinervia
356:Ziziphus tomentosa
324:Ziziphus rotundata
291:Ziziphus muratiana
275:Rhamnus soporifera
4245:
4244:
4026:Open Tree of Life
3718:Taxon identifiers
3658:Genesis 2:10–2:14
3613:Zizyphus vulgaris
3588:Stephen Lambden.
3533:978-0-8048-3724-8
3241:978-1-60239-692-0
3169:Edward T. Hager.
2949:(Subscription or
2739:(Subscription or
2683:978-0-309-48834-1
2479:mentioned in the
2477:Tree of Knowledge
2376:
2375:
2352:
1808:Ziziphus zizyphus
1796:Ziziphus zizyphus
1765:Species Plantarum
1246:
1245:
1191:
1190:
819:
818:
764:
763:
392:
391:
385:
381:Ziziphus zizyphus
377:
373:Ziziphus vulgaris
368:
360:
352:
344:
340:Ziziphus sinensis
336:
328:
319:
315:Ziziphus poiretii
311:
303:
295:
287:
279:
271:
263:
96:
4335:
4318:Ornamental trees
4238:
4237:
4225:
4224:
4212:
4211:
4199:
4198:
4186:
4185:
4173:
4172:
4160:
4159:
4147:
4146:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4118:Rhamnus zizyphus
4109:
4108:
4096:
4095:
4083:
4082:
4070:
4069:
4057:
4056:
4047:
4046:
4034:
4033:
4021:
4020:
4008:
4007:
3998:
3997:
3985:
3984:
3972:
3971:
3959:
3958:
3946:
3945:
3933:
3932:
3920:
3919:
3907:
3906:
3894:
3893:
3881:
3880:
3868:
3867:
3855:
3854:
3842:
3841:
3829:
3828:
3816:
3815:
3803:
3802:
3790:
3789:
3780:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3713:
3712:
3694:Julia. F. Morton
3678:
3677:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3603:
3601:
3592:. Archived from
3585:
3579:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3478:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3363:
3357:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3323:
3309:
3300:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3265:
3254:
3253:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3166:
3137:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3108:
3102:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3081:. 23 March 2023.
3071:
3065:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3007:10.2307/25065716
2982:
2976:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2946:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2837:
2831:
2816:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2736:
2724:
2717:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2629:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2559:
2371:
2370:
2362:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2310:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2108:On his visit to
2105:(fruit brandy).
1875:invasive species
1873:and grows as an
1760:Rhamnus zizyphus
1742:
1728:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1694:
1693:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1576:
1564:
1548:
1531:
1519:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1353:and also called
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1078:
1030:
1013:
996:
979:
963:Vitamin A equiv.
956:
923:
922:
831:
824:
820:
651:
603:
586:
569:
552:
536:Vitamin A equiv.
529:
496:
495:
404:
397:
393:
383:
375:
366:
358:
350:
342:
334:
326:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
283:Rhamnus zizyphus
277:
269:
261:
236:
111:
110:
90:
85:
84:
55:
43:
42:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4303:Iranian cuisine
4248:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4233:
4228:
4220:
4215:
4207:
4202:
4194:
4189:
4181:
4176:
4168:
4163:
4155:
4150:
4142:
4140:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4112:
4104:
4099:
4091:
4086:
4078:
4073:
4065:
4060:
4052:
4050:
4044:Ziziphus jujuba
4042:
4037:
4029:
4024:
4016:
4013:Observation.org
4011:
4003:
4001:
3993:
3988:
3980:
3975:
3967:
3962:
3954:
3949:
3941:
3936:
3928:
3923:
3915:
3910:
3902:
3897:
3889:
3884:
3876:
3871:
3863:
3858:
3850:
3845:
3837:
3832:
3824:
3819:
3811:
3806:
3798:
3793:
3785:
3783:
3775:
3773:
3765:
3763:
3756:Ziziphus jujuba
3754:
3753:
3748:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3726:Ziziphus jujuba
3720:
3703:
3686:
3684:Further reading
3681:
3668:
3664:
3656:
3652:
3642:
3640:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3599:
3597:
3586:
3582:
3570:
3566:
3556:
3554:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3534:
3520:
3516:
3476:
3470:
3466:
3431:
3427:
3417:
3415:
3404:
3400:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3344:
3340:
3310:
3303:
3291:
3287:
3280:
3266:
3257:
3242:
3219:
3215:
3205:
3203:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3167:
3140:
3134:Current Science
3128:Gupta, Anil K.
3127:
3123:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3100:Wayback Machine
3090:
3086:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3059:
3055:
3026:
3022:
2993:(Rhamnaceae)".
2987:Ziziphus jujuba
2983:
2979:
2962:
2958:
2948:
2928:
2924:
2914:
2912:
2902:
2898:
2877:Ziziphus jujuba
2873:
2869:
2838:
2834:
2817:
2808:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2757:Ziziphus jujuba
2753:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2718:
2711:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2667:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2630:
2623:
2614:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2565:Ziziphus jujuba
2561:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2539:
2489:Book of Genesis
2428:
2396:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2311:
2300:
2296:primary sources
2280:
2276:
2269:
2241:Atlas Mountains
2142:Persian cuisine
2065:Southeast Asian
2004:
1986:
1939:
1920:
1883:
1824:
1816:Ziziphus jujuba
1812:Ziziphus jujuba
1804:Hermann Karsten
1788:Ziziphus jujuba
1700:Classical Latin
1684:
1676:alphitolic acid
1672:colubrinic acid
1640:Leaves contain
1638:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1616:
1613:
1604:
1601:
1592:
1589:
1580:
1577:
1568:
1565:
1556:
1549:
1540:
1532:
1523:
1520:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1471:1.5–3 cm (
1459:
1455:
1454:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1387:
1350:Ziziphus jujuba
1316:
1312:
1287:
1283:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1229:
1224:
1182:
1169:
1156:
1143:
1130:
1117:
1104:
1091:
1079:
1049:
1036:
1028:
1020:
1011:
1003:
994:
986:
977:
969:
957:
928:
917:
912:
893:
888:
869:
864:
834:
802:
797:
755:
742:
729:
716:
703:
690:
677:
664:
652:
622:
609:
601:
593:
584:
576:
567:
559:
550:
542:
530:
501:
490:
485:
466:
461:
442:
437:
407:
388:
332:Ziziphus sativa
299:Ziziphus nitida
259:Paliurus mairei
243:
238:
234:Ziziphus jujuba
232:
219:
105:
97:
86:
82:
75:
61:Ziziphus jujuba
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4341:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4235:wfo-0000460113
4226:
4213:
4200:
4187:
4174:
4161:
4148:
4138:
4122:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4106:wfo-0000430303
4097:
4084:
4071:
4058:
4048:
4035:
4022:
4009:
3999:
3986:
3973:
3960:
3947:
3934:
3921:
3908:
3895:
3882:
3869:
3856:
3843:
3830:
3817:
3804:
3791:
3781:
3771:
3761:
3746:
3730:
3728:
3722:
3721:
3710:
3709:
3702:
3701:External links
3699:
3698:
3697:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3662:
3650:
3620:
3580:
3564:
3539:
3532:
3514:
3487:(4): 310–320.
3464:
3425:
3398:
3380:
3358:
3338:
3301:
3285:
3279:978-9400756526
3278:
3255:
3240:
3234:. p. 45.
3213:
3187:
3138:
3121:
3103:
3084:
3066:
3053:
3020:
2977:
2956:
2922:
2896:
2867:
2848:(3): 231–252.
2832:
2806:
2785:
2746:
2709:
2682:
2658:
2621:
2599:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2538:
2535:
2485:Garden of Eden
2427:
2424:
2398:In Japan, the
2395:
2392:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2364:
2283:
2281:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2223:ilanthai vadai
2196:Z. jujuba
2162:Z. jujuba
2070:ching bo leung
2003:
2000:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1938:
1935:
1919:
1916:
1882:
1879:
1836:northern India
1828:southwest Asia
1823:
1820:
1722:medieval Latin
1683:
1680:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1619:
1617:
1614:
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1550:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1391:deciduous tree
1389:It is a small
1386:
1383:
1363:Chinese jujube
1244:
1243:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1203:
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1192:
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1128:
1126:
1120:
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1100:
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1038:
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353:
351:(Lour.) Stokes
345:
337:
329:
321:
312:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
267:Rhamnus jujuba
264:
255:
252:
251:
245:
244:
239:
228:
227:
221:
220:
216:Z. jujuba
213:
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57:
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39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4340:
4329:
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4319:
4316:
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4311:
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4264:
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4256:
4255:
4253:
4236:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4107:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3659:
3654:
3638:
3634:
3633:Atlas Obscura
3630:
3624:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3577:
3573:
3568:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3535:
3529:
3525:
3518:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3439:Phytothérapie
3436:
3429:
3413:
3409:
3402:
3394:
3393:www.quoquo.it
3390:
3384:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3342:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3176:
3172:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3091:Fruit Facts:
3088:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3063:
3057:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2973:0-7195-4443-2
2970:
2966:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2933:
2926:
2911:
2907:
2900:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2828:0-00-220013-9
2825:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2789:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2758:
2750:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2723:
2716:
2714:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2665:
2663:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2611:
2610:
2603:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2566:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2433:Z. lotus
2423:
2420:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2365:
2361:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319: –
2318:
2314:
2313:Find sources:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2284:This section
2282:
2273:
2272:
2264:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2227:regi vadiyalu
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2123:Jordan valley
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2009:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1903:Thaumatotibia
1899:
1895:
1894:Witch's broom
1887:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1844:central China
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1770:Philip Miller
1767:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1756:Carl Linnaeus
1753:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1689:
1688:Ancient Greek
1679:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1470:
1466:
1452:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:Z. mauritiana
1374:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1343:), sometimes
1340:
1308:
1279:
1252:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1000:
998:
993:Riboflavin (B
990:
983:
981:
973:
966:
964:
960:
955:
950:
947:
945:
944:
939:
935:
931:
924:
920:
914:
911:
910:
904:
900:
896:
890:
887:
886:
880:
876:
872:
866:
863:
862:
861:Carbohydrates
856:
852:
848:
846:
842:
837:
830:
825:
822:Jujube, dried
814:
810:
805:
801:
795:
791:
787:
783:
780:
777:
775:
771:
767:
759:
752:
750:
746:
739:
737:
733:
726:
724:
720:
713:
711:
707:
700:
698:
694:
687:
685:
681:
674:
672:
668:
661:
659:
655:
650:
645:
642:
640:
639:
634:
630:
626:
619:
617:
613:
606:
604:
597:
590:
588:
580:
573:
571:
566:Riboflavin (B
563:
556:
554:
546:
539:
537:
533:
528:
523:
520:
518:
517:
512:
508:
504:
497:
493:
487:
484:
483:
477:
473:
469:
463:
460:
459:
453:
449:
445:
439:
436:
435:
434:Carbohydrates
429:
425:
421:
419:
415:
410:
403:
398:
384:(L.) H.Karst.
382:
379:
374:
371:
365:
362:
357:
354:
349:
346:
341:
338:
333:
330:
325:
322:
316:
313:
308:
305:
300:
297:
292:
289:
284:
281:
276:
273:
268:
265:
260:
257:
256:
253:
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
229:
226:
225:Binomial name
222:
218:
217:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:Tracheophytes
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
109:
104:
100:
94:
89:
88:Least Concern
78:
74:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
26:
22:
4117:
3725:
3689:
3672:
3665:
3653:
3641:. Retrieved
3632:
3623:
3611:
3607:
3605:
3598:. Retrieved
3594:the original
3583:
3575:
3567:
3555:. Retrieved
3551:
3542:
3523:
3517:
3484:
3480:
3467:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3416:. Retrieved
3411:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3371:. Retrieved
3361:
3353:
3341:
3333:
3318:
3296:
3288:
3269:
3230:. New York:
3226:
3216:
3204:. Retrieved
3200:the original
3190:
3178:. Retrieved
3174:
3133:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3087:
3079:www.crfg.org
3078:
3069:
3061:
3056:
3037:
3033:
3023:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2964:
2959:
2936:
2925:
2913:. Retrieved
2909:
2899:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2819:
2788:
2776:. Retrieved
2762:
2756:
2749:
2726:
2700:. Retrieved
2672:
2649:. Retrieved
2640:
2613:, retrieved
2608:
2602:
2590:. Retrieved
2576:
2570:
2564:
2557:
2526:
2522:
2504:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2456:the species
2445:
2441:
2440:(sing. سدرة
2431:
2429:
2416:
2406:used in the
2399:
2397:
2389:
2377:
2358:October 2012
2355:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2312:
2292:verification
2285:
2258:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2243:of Morocco.
2238:
2235:
2226:
2222:
2207:red chillies
2200:
2195:
2191:
2190:is used for
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2145:
2139:
2134:
2107:
2100:
2094:
2087:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2038:hong zao jiu
2037:
2033:
2005:
1993:
1932:
1921:
1909:
1901:
1892:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1825:
1815:
1811:
1810:in favor of
1807:
1799:
1795:
1787:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1759:
1749:
1744:
1730:
1695:
1685:
1650:
1639:
1535:
1388:
1376:
1366:
1362:
1359:Chinese date
1358:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1250:
1249:
1205:
1200:
1075:
1070:
1063:
953:
948:
941:
907:
883:
859:
778:
773:
648:
643:
636:
526:
521:
514:
480:
456:
432:
380:
372:
363:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
314:
306:
298:
290:
282:
274:
266:
258:
233:
231:
215:
214:
202:
165:
152:
139:
126:
60:
40:
36:
4067:kew-2470699
3925:iNaturalist
3750:Wikispecies
3557:13 February
3116:idtools.org
2991:Z. zizyphus
2915:13 February
2885:: 320–329.
2778:11 December
2452:, while in
2444:, pl. سدر
2419:tuning pegs
2286:needs more
2125:and around
2008:dried fruit
1918:Cultivation
1567:Leaf margin
1385:Description
976:Thiamine (B
549:Thiamine (B
395:Jujube, raw
369:nom. illeg.
320:nom. illeg.
146:Angiosperms
4252:Categories
4062:Plant List
3600:9 December
3330:Wikisource
3299:pp.404,405
3175:garden.org
2953:required.)
2822:. Collins
2743:required.)
2550:References
2460:is called
2438:lote-trees
2394:Other uses
2328:newspapers
2219:Tamil Nadu
2164:. Rather,
2089:samgyetang
1976:Sugar cane
1924:South Asia
1871:Madagascar
1830:, between
1784:Tournefort
1668:Terpenoids
1652:Flavinoids
1373:Rhamnaceae
1137:Phosphorus
710:Phosphorus
192:Rhamnaceae
4133:Q21877218
3891:200013464
3878:200013464
3741:Q11181633
3445:: 31–36.
3250:277203364
2543:Date palm
2519:Badrinath
2500:Euphrates
2469:Al-Qurnah
2454:Palestine
2404:tea caddy
2127:Jerusalem
2083:daechucha
1995:zhenglong
1958:Sherwood
1937:Varieties
1928:cultivars
1860:Z. jujuba
1792:tautonyms
1772:, in his
1636:Chemistry
1553:Hyderabad
1505:olive pit
1150:Potassium
1124:Manganese
1111:Magnesium
1043:Vitamin C
1027:Vitamin B
1010:Niacin (B
723:Potassium
697:Manganese
684:Magnesium
616:Vitamin C
600:Vitamin B
583:Niacin (B
210:Species:
116:Kingdom:
4263:Ziziphus
4222:50169838
4217:Tropicos
4196:718762-1
4127:Wikidata
4093:27500858
4088:Tropicos
3943:719213-1
3735:Wikidata
3637:Archived
3616:/ fruit)
3501:17479419
3459:34867692
3412:ABC News
3373:1 August
3315:(1893).
3224:(2009).
3206:1 August
3096:Archived
3075:"JUJUBE"
3015:25065716
2989:against
2932:"jojoba"
2891:93775396
2722:"jujube"
2696:Archived
2692:30844154
2651:28 March
2645:Archived
2635:(2024).
2615:24 March
2592:25 April
2537:See also
2507:Hinduism
2317:"Jujube"
2203:tamarind
2192:Ziziphus
2097:Dalmatia
2058:jing gao
2034:"Bogori"
2014:(called
2002:Culinary
1967:Shui Men
1864:Ziziphus
1840:southern
1768:(1753).
1711:zizyphus
1705:zizyphum
1696:zízyphon
1682:Taxonomy
1670:such as
1646:ziziphin
1368:Ziziphus
1355:red date
1206:Quantity
1131:0.305 mg
1071:Quantity
1065:Minerals
949:Quantity
943:Vitamins
779:Quantity
704:0.084 mg
644:Quantity
638:Minerals
610:0.081 mg
522:Quantity
516:Vitamins
249:Synonyms
203:Ziziphus
188:Family:
159:Eudicots
93:IUCN 3.1
4170:3876919
3977:MoBotPF
3904:3039423
3643:14 July
3574:(1946)
3509:7886008
3352:(1932)
3295:(1855)
2862:1418601
2702:21 June
2509:too as
2426:Culture
2412:woodcut
2400:natsume
2342:scholar
2307:removed
2215:jaggery
2150:Armenia
2131:bedouin
2051:zui zao
2040:(红枣酒).
2030:pickles
2012:vinegar
1881:Ecology
1856:Beijing
1832:Lebanon
1779:Rhamnus
1745:hohohwi
1692:ζίζυφον
1642:saponin
1579:Flowers
1555:, India
1490:⁄
1476:⁄
1458:⁄
1451:flowers
1444:⁄
1430:⁄
1420:⁄
1406:⁄
1183:0.19 mg
1085:Calcium
1004:0.36 mg
987:0.21 mg
909:Protein
788:77.86 g
756:0.05 mg
678:0.48 mg
658:Calcium
577:0.04 mg
560:0.02 mg
482:Protein
441:20.23 g
335:Gaertn.
262:H. Lév.
198:Genus:
182:Rosales
178:Order:
120:Plantae
91: (
65:habitus
46:Jujube
4328:Drupes
4144:185206
4141:APDB:
4018:129847
4002:NZOR:
3995:326968
3982:286335
3956:196004
3930:428365
3865:178001
3839:582338
3813:254326
3800:218046
3787:152489
3784:APDB:
3764:AoFP:
3530:
3507:
3499:
3457:
3321:
3276:
3248:
3238:
3180:5 July
3093:Jujube
3013:
2971:
2889:
2860:
2826:
2690:
2680:
2531:Vishnu
2523:badarī
2515:temple
2511:Vishnu
2496:Tigris
2442:sidrah
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2231:Telugu
2213:, and
2129:. The
2118:jujube
2110:Medina
2102:rakija
2078:daechu
2046:baijiu
1970:GA 866
1838:, and
1740:jojoba
1735:jojoba
1731:jujube
1726:jujuba
1717:jujube
1399:leaves
1361:, and
1345:jujuba
1251:Jujube
1215:19.7 g
1163:Sodium
1157:531 mg
1144:100 mg
1105:1.8 mg
1021:0.5 mg
868:73.6 g
845:Energy
736:Sodium
730:250 mg
594:0.9 mg
418:Energy
172:Rosids
32:Jojoba
4183:31067
4157:79695
4051:PFI:
4031:73483
3969:63538
3917:42282
3860:EUNIS
3852:ZIPJU
3826:5D5Z9
3774:APA:
3505:S2CID
3477:(PDF)
3455:S2CID
3418:8 May
3348:with
3034:Taxon
3011:JSTOR
2995:Taxon
2947:
2887:S2CID
2737:
2527:nātha
2517:, in
2481:Bible
2450:Quran
2384:Kampo
2349:JSTOR
2335:books
2247:Italy
2146:annab
1912:zebus
1798:, is
1762:, in
1627:Seeds
1603:Fruit
1497:apple
1469:drupe
1465:fruit
1395:shrub
1282:; US
1212:Water
1118:37 mg
1092:79 mg
1050:13 mg
916:3.7 g
892:1.1 g
785:Water
717:23 mg
691:10 mg
665:21 mg
623:69 mg
543:40 μg
489:1.2 g
465:0.2 g
359:Poir.
318:G.Don
302:Roxb.
294:Maire
278:Lour.
241:Mill.
166:Clade
153:Clade
140:Clade
127:Clade
4204:POWO
4191:IPNI
4178:GRIN
4165:GBIF
4075:POWO
4054:3062
4039:PfaF
3990:NCBI
3964:IUCN
3951:ITIS
3938:IPNI
3912:GRIN
3899:GBIF
3847:EPPO
3808:BOLD
3795:APNI
3777:3099
3767:1920
3645:2021
3602:2015
3559:2023
3528:ISBN
3497:PMID
3420:2022
3375:2010
3274:ISBN
3246:OCLC
3236:ISBN
3208:2010
3182:2017
2969:ISBN
2917:2023
2858:PMID
2824:ISBN
2780:2017
2704:2024
2688:PMID
2678:ISBN
2653:2024
2617:2016
2594:2021
2577:2007
2498:and
2473:Iraq
2462:sidr
2446:sidr
2382:and
2321:news
2290:for
2259:The
2211:salt
2188:sidr
2180:and
2158:unab
2154:unab
2135:nabk
2086:and
1984:Uses
1842:and
1674:and
1644:and
1522:Bark
1501:date
1253:(UK
1176:Zinc
1170:9 mg
1098:Iron
1037:0 mg
970:0 μg
749:Zinc
743:3 mg
671:Iron
376:Lam.
367:Roth
343:Lam.
4230:WFO
4152:CoL
4101:WFO
3886:FoC
3873:FNA
3834:EoL
3821:CoL
3552:edX
3489:doi
3447:doi
3042:doi
3003:doi
2850:doi
2795:doi
2641:FDA
2581:doi
2225:or
2166:ber
2160:is
2140:In
2021:or
1800:not
1758:as
1720:or
1702:as
1393:or
1311:or
1155:18%
1129:13%
1103:10%
1076:%DV
1048:14%
1002:28%
985:18%
954:%DV
885:Fat
649:%DV
621:77%
527:%DV
458:Fat
327:DC.
310:DC.
4254::
4232::
4219::
4206::
4193::
4180::
4167::
4154::
4129::
4103::
4090::
4077::
4064::
4041::
4028::
4015::
3992::
3979::
3966::
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3940::
3927::
3914::
3901::
3888::
3875::
3862::
3849::
3836::
3823::
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3797::
3752::
3737::
3692:.
3635:.
3631:.
3604:.
3550:.
3503:.
3495:.
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3410:.
3391:.
3332:.
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3258:^
3244:.
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3141:^
3132:,
3114:.
3077:.
3038:60
3036:.
3032:.
3009:.
2999:55
2997:.
2935:.
2908:.
2856:.
2846:32
2844:.
2809:^
2771:,
2767:.
2761:.
2725:.
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2694:.
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2643:.
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2624:^
2575:.
2569:.
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2464:.
2414:.
2309:.
2209:,
2205:,
2198:.
2174:,
2092:.
2055:甑糕
2023:红枣
1964:So
1907:.
1900:,
1834:,
1666:.
1662:,
1658:,
1357:,
1336:iː
1327:dʒ
1321:dʒ
1298:dʒ
1292:dʒ
1272:uː
1269:dʒ
1266:uː
1263:dʒ
1181:2%
1168:0%
1142:8%
1116:9%
1090:6%
1035:0%
1019:3%
968:0%
754:0%
741:0%
728:8%
715:2%
702:4%
689:2%
676:3%
663:2%
608:5%
592:6%
575:3%
558:2%
541:4%
286:L.
270:L.
168::
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142::
129::
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3647:.
3561:.
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2356:(
2346:·
2339:·
2332:·
2325:·
2299:.
2229:(
2026:醋
2019:醋
2016:枣
1492:8
1488:1
1485:+
1483:1
1481:–
1478:8
1474:5
1460:4
1456:1
1446:8
1442:1
1439:+
1437:1
1435:–
1432:8
1428:3
1422:4
1418:3
1415:+
1413:2
1411:–
1408:4
1404:3
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1333:b
1330:ə
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