573:
669:, which provided the model for division into books that were themselves divided into titles. These works had developed authoritative standing. This first edition is now lost; a second edition was issued in 534 and is the text that has survived. At least the second edition contained some of Justinian's own legislation, including some legislation in Greek. It is not known whether he intended there to be further editions, although he did envisage translation of Latin enactments into Greek.
3598:
983:
84:
186:
43:
735:, completed in 533, is a collection of juristic writings, mostly dating back to the second and third centuries. Fragments were taken out of various legal treatises and opinions and inserted in the Digest. In their original context, the statements of the law contained in these fragments were just private opinions of legal scholars – although some juristic writings had been privileged by Theodosius II's
278:
1221:
in the French
Caribbean. Napoleon, as he waged total war on Europe, wanted to see these principles introduced to the whole of Europe because he saw them as an effective form of rule that created a more equal society and thus creating a more friendly relationship between the ruling class and the rest
610:
to compile the traditional jurists' law in a new, shortened and contemporary codification: the 'Digest or
Pandects'. The traditional collection of jurists' law, Justinian believed, was so extensive that it had become unmanageable, necessitating a new compilation. The commission completed its work
1245:
used the best-regarded Latin editions for his translations of the Code and of the Novels. A new
English translation of the Code, based on Blume's, was published in October 2016. In 2018, the Cambridge University Press also published a new English translation of the Novels, based primarily on the
597:). The commission in charge of the compilation process was explicitly authorized to leave out or change text and to delete what was obsolete or contradictory. Soon, in 529, the Codex was completed and was conferred the force of law in the whole empire, replacing all earlier constitutions and the
1596:
Id. at 3. For further discussion of the work of Scott, Blume, and Clyde Pharr on Roman law translation see
Kearley, Timothy G., "From Rome to the Restatement: S.P. Scott, Fred Blume, Clyde Pharr, and Roman Law in Early Twentieth-Century," available at Social Science Research Network
471:. His team was authorized to edit what they included. How far they made amendments is not recorded and, in the main, cannot be known because most of the originals have not survived. The text was composed and distributed almost entirely in
592:
in 527. Six months after his accession, in order to reduce the great number of imperial constitutions and thus also the number of court proceedings, Justinian arranged for the creation of a new collection of imperial constitutions
1192:
A two-volume edition of the Digest was published in Paris in 1549 and 1550, translated by
Antonio Agustín, Bishop of Tarragona, who was well known for other legal works. The full title of the Digest was
438:. All three parts, even the textbook, were given force of law. They were intended to be, together, the sole source of law; reference to any other source, including the original texts from which the
889:
was a complete adaptation of
Justinian's codification. At 60 volumes it proved to be difficult for judges and lawyers to use. There was need for a short and handy version. This was finally made by
713:
Other laws, while not aimed at pagan belief as such, forbid particular pagan practices. For example, it is provided that all persons present at a pagan sacrifice may be indicted as if for murder.
1767:
705:. This text later became the springboard for discussions of international law, especially the question of just what persons are under the jurisdiction of a given state or legal system.
1146:. Irnerius' technique was to read a passage aloud, which permitted his students to copy it, then to deliver an excursus explaining and illuminating Justinian's text, in the form of
1181:
a revival of venerable precedents from the classical heritage. The new class of lawyers staffed the bureaucracies that were beginning to be required by the princes of Europe. The
2477:
1177:, and law that covered situations inherent in urban life better than the primitive Germanic oral traditions. The provenance of the Code appealed to scholars who saw in the
639:
The "Codex
Justinianus", "Codex Justinianeus" or "Codex Justiniani" (Latin for "Justinian's Code") was the first part to be finished, on 7 April 529. It contained in
701:
The very first law in the Codex requires all persons under the jurisdiction of the Empire to hold the
Christian faith. This was primarily aimed at heresies such as
1331:
The name "Corpus Juris
Civilis" occurs for the first time in 1583 as the title of a complete edition of the Justinianic code by Dionysius Godofredus. (Kunkel, W.
1051:
were made the textbook at the law school in Rome, and later in
Ravenna when the school relocated there. However, after the loss of most of these areas, only the
446:
had been taken, was forbidden. Nonetheless, Justinian found himself having to enact further laws; today these are counted as a fourth part of the Corpus, the
2710:
1612:
Bruce W. Frier, ed. (2016), The Codex of Justinian. A New Annotated Translation, with Parallel Latin and Greek Text, Cambridge University Press, p. 2963,
524:
content was quarried for arguments by both secular and ecclesiastical authorities. This recovered Roman law, in turn, became the foundation of law in all
490:
was revised into Greek, when that became the predominant language of the Eastern Roman Empire, and continued to form the basis of the empire's laws, the
681:
of the empire, uniting Church and state, and making anyone who was not connected to the Christian church a non-citizen. The Christianity referred to is
4416:
1690:
1377:
1197:, and it was published by Carolus Guillardus. Vol. 1 of the Digest has 2934 pages, while vol. 2 has 2754 pages. Referring to Justinian's Code as
4431:
3696:
3586:
1940:
1841:
3274:
1851:
1784:
4669:
3676:
1799:
1794:
614:
Tribonian's commission surveyed the works of classical jurists who were assumed in Justinian's time to have the authority to clarify law (
4426:
2875:
1861:
1836:
795:
were used as a manual for jurists in training from 21 November 533 and were given the authority of law on 30 December 533 along with the
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3226:
3209:
1866:
1846:
2925:
2771:
2743:
2387:
2379:
1856:
1789:
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2482:
1087:
may have spurred a slew of Romano-Germanic law codes in the successor Germanic kingdoms, but these were heavily based on the older
148:
2970:
1501:
120:
4436:
3450:
2975:
1376:, tit. 58, c. 1: "Episcopus archidiaconum jubeat, ut ei tabulas secundum legem romanam, qua ecclesia vivit, scribere faciat". (
1487:
For a detailed account of how the relevant manuscripts and their transmission, see Charles M. Radding & Antonio Ciaralli,
958:
917:
state, law and culture was built on the foundations of Rome and Byzantium. Therefore, the most important Serbian legal codes:
4421:
3374:
2134:
2127:
1683:
1581:
1000:
685:
as defined by the state church, which excluded a variety of other major Christian sects in existence at the time such as the
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56:
1229:
was translated into French, German, Italian, and Spanish in the 19th century. However, no English translation of the entire
127:
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3126:
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2273:
606:
A little more than a year after the enactment of the first edition of the Code, Justinian appointed a commission headed by
17:
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3637:
2117:
1419:
1489:
The Corpus iuris civilis in the Middle Ages: Manuscripts and Transmission from the Sixth Century to the Juristic Revival
30:
This article is about the Roman law codification of Justinian I. For the similarly named codification of canon law, see
3832:
3455:
2868:
1296:
1104:
was recovered in Northern Italy about 1070: legal studies were undertaken on behalf of papal authority central to the
134:
3761:
3556:
2122:
1617:
1040:
1022:
516:, did not get well established originally and was only recovered in the Middle Ages, being "received" or imitated as
247:
229:
167:
70:
211:
3827:
2619:
1676:
4406:
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3787:
3591:
3413:
1945:
1713:
116:
1241:. Scott did not base his translation on the best available Latin versions, and his work was severely criticized.
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3344:
3162:
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2602:
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was distributed in the West and went into effect in those areas regained under Justinian's wars of reconquest (
1004:
196:
105:
4674:
4644:
3418:
3408:
3323:
3078:
2863:
1276:
2298:
1525:
Senkowska-Gluck, Monika. "Effects of Napoleonic Legislation on the Development of the 19th-century Europe."
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3817:
3718:
3492:
3460:
3364:
3073:
3045:
2853:
2392:
1574:
Roman Law, Classical Education, and Limits on Classical Participation in America into the Twentieth Century
1457:
572:
4659:
4386:
4083:
4029:
3868:
3703:
3216:
2858:
2705:
2462:
2213:
1185:, where Justinian's Code was first taught, remained the dominant centre for the study of law through the
533:
548:
legal systems has been much smaller, although some basic concepts from the Corpus have survived through
4034:
3898:
3792:
3536:
3482:
3221:
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3083:
2783:
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2541:
2472:
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2329:
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2112:
1601:
905:. This was widely used throughout the Balkans during the following Ottoman period, and along with the
4113:
4002:
3812:
3713:
3396:
2920:
2776:
2561:
2452:
2339:
890:
682:
483:. By the early 7th century, Greek had largely replaced Latin as the dominant language of the empire.
62:
1138:), there may have been other manuscript sources for the text that began to be taught at Bologna, by
620:) and whose works were still available. In total, there are excerpts from 38 jurists in the Digest.
4649:
4486:
4238:
4143:
4108:
4088:
3756:
3708:
2695:
2447:
1934:
1813:
557:
525:
418:) is an encyclopedia composed of mostly brief extracts from the writings of Roman jurists; and the
1655:
957:
continued to practise Roman Law by enacting Serbian civil code in 1844. It was a short version of
813:
The Novellae consisted of new laws that were passed after 534. They were later re-worked into the
141:
4607:
4289:
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3946:
3893:
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3601:
3025:
2751:
2571:
2457:
1151:
993:
910:
808:
748:
561:
479:
in 529–534, whereas the prevalent language of merchants, farmers, seamen, and other citizens was
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207:
94:
1534:
4634:
4381:
4014:
3842:
3526:
3116:
2958:
2402:
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2182:
2177:
1950:
1926:
1922:
1889:
581:
203:
4396:
4282:
4211:
4066:
3951:
3913:
3244:
3098:
2288:
2198:
2162:
2047:
1777:
1772:
1281:
1182:
508:
period and later formed the basis of the legal code of Modern Greece. In Western Europe, the
31:
1346:
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4448:
4071:
4051:
3878:
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3686:
3487:
3470:
3291:
3050:
3015:
2835:
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2365:
2308:
1444:
1420:"LacusCurtius • Roman Law — Codex Gregorianus and Hermogenianus (Smith's Dictionary, 1875)"
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1234:
1080:
1044:
865:
476:
340:
302:
8:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4539:
4401:
4361:
4123:
4093:
3961:
3822:
3746:
3736:
2397:
2313:
2303:
2167:
1930:
1918:
1805:
1052:
818:
779:
665:
4019:
556:, between "law" (statute) and custom. The Corpus continues to have a major influence on
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3908:
3903:
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3339:
3010:
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2810:
2673:
2025:
2005:
1985:
1975:
1741:
1470:
1301:
1159:
1147:
1114:
950:
762:
722:
690:
686:
653:
599:
1291:
922:
877:(late 9th century) – started by Basil the Macedonian and finished by his son, emperor
504:
in turn served as the basis for local legal codes in the Balkans during the following
4461:
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4223:
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4177:
4138:
4128:
4056:
4046:
3976:
3597:
3531:
3436:
3369:
3349:
3317:
3249:
3236:
3157:
3152:
2903:
2668:
2518:
2037:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1645:
1613:
1577:
1530:
1271:
1178:
942:
926:
659:
634:
400:) is a compilation, by selection and extraction, of imperial enactments to date; the
386:
375:
829:
As the administrative language of the Eastern Roman Empire shifted away from Latin,
4574:
4529:
4474:
4466:
4456:
4233:
4157:
3997:
3971:
3956:
3863:
3681:
3663:
3401:
3194:
3142:
3088:
3055:
3005:
2798:
2788:
2566:
2254:
2146:
2069:
2052:
2030:
2015:
2000:
1914:
1699:
1286:
1186:
1170:
1109:
1105:
1075:
s provisions regulating the church still had any effect, but the Catholic church's
848:
736:
370:("Body of Civil Law") is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in
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4549:
4525:
4326:
4321:
4301:
4260:
4255:
4202:
4197:
4061:
4041:
3918:
3883:
3546:
3379:
3359:
3354:
3309:
3299:
3259:
3254:
3204:
3199:
2980:
2586:
2503:
2498:
2238:
2228:
2064:
2058:
2042:
2020:
2010:
1995:
1210:
1209:
served as the backbone of the single largest legal reform of the modern age, the
1089:
537:
4492:
4341:
4024:
3888:
3782:
3728:
3384:
3264:
2997:
2756:
2650:
2636:
2435:
2139:
1894:
1202:
1163:
946:
784:
678:
589:
505:
497:
480:
468:
430:, although it has important conceptual elements that are less developed in the
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1660:
4623:
4295:
4216:
4164:
4103:
3941:
3807:
3304:
3181:
3147:
2885:
2820:
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2678:
2293:
2233:
1311:
1306:
1266:
1242:
1139:
918:
382:
371:
313:
292:
1650:
4544:
4356:
4351:
4311:
4272:
3065:
3040:
3020:
2825:
2803:
2658:
1906:
1901:
1735:
1372:
894:
878:
702:
1668:
1502:"The University from the 12th to the 20th century - University of Bologna"
1347:"GW Law Library: Library Guides: Roman Law Research: Corpus Juris Civilis"
277:
4579:
4534:
4207:
3992:
3566:
3541:
3035:
2845:
2612:
2218:
2203:
1547:
Corpus iuris civilis. Le Digeste, les Institutes, le Code, les Nouvelles
517:
378:
4478:
4470:
4346:
4267:
4228:
4172:
2840:
2700:
2690:
2523:
2513:
2223:
1458:
http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0584-9888/2004/0584-98880441099S.pdf
1155:
1055:(southern Italy) maintained a Byzantine legal tradition, but there the
1007: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
830:
677:
Numerous provisions served to secure the status of Christianity as the
549:
545:
521:
773:. As there were four elements, the manual consists of four books. The
4520:
4336:
4306:
4277:
3646:
3389:
3269:
2761:
2629:
2576:
2508:
1214:
1201:
was only adopted in the 16th century, when it was printed in 1583 by
860:
758:
607:
464:
344:
1602:
https://www.uwyo.edu/lawlib/blume-justinian/ajc-edition-2/index.html
1335:. Oxford 1966 (translated into English by J.M. Kelly), p. 157, n. 2)
982:
214:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
83:
4244:
2915:
2815:
2766:
2624:
2556:
2344:
1598:
1261:
1143:
1112:, which may have led to its accidental rediscovery. Aside from the
1067:
873:
647:(imperial pronouncements having force of law), back to the time of
492:
4182:
4118:
3281:
3167:
3108:
2607:
2581:
2259:
1630:
The Novels of Justinian: A Complete Annotated English Translation
1218:
1174:
648:
560:. Its four parts thus constitute the foundation documents of the
475:, which was still the official language of the government of the
1549:
14 vols (1803–11); Otto, C.E., Schilling, B., Sintenis, C.F.F.,
3837:
2910:
2685:
2551:
1162:. The tradition was carried on by French lawyers, known as the
1123:
1061:
914:
843:
577:
500:: τὰ βασιλικά, 'imperial laws'), through the 15th century. The
27:
Collection of legal works codified by Justinian I of Byzantium
4497:
1576:. Fort Collins, CO: Veterrimus Publishing. pp. 165–177.
954:
640:
472:
3615:
791:
of Justinian consists of literal quotes from Gaius. The new
4192:
3189:
1475:
1127:
1555:
Corpo del diritto, corredato delle note di D. Gotofredo...
739:
in 426. The Digest, however, was given full force of law.
1333:
An Introduction to Roman Legal and Constitutional History
1134:(c. 1050; incomplete manuscript preserving most of the
1557:
10 vols. (1856–62); Rodriguez de Fonseca, B. et al.,
824:
949:
in 1459. After the liberation from the Turks in the
1551:
Das Corpus Iuris Civilis in's Deutsche übersetzt...
657:and the fourth-century collections embodied in the
108:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1083:made even that irrelevant. In Western Europe, the
544:– the church lives by Roman law. Its influence on
1646:Corpus Juris Civilis – World History Encyclopedia
837:were enacted in Greek. The most well known are:
4621:
1651:BBC In Our Time podcast 'Justinian's Legal Code'
1205:under this title. The legal thinking behind the
426:) is a student textbook, mainly introducing the
941:. These Serbian codes were practised until the
909:was used as the first legal code for the newly
2059:Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands)
3631:
1684:
1600:. Blume's translation is available online at
672:
588:Justinian acceded to the imperial throne in
1698:
1100:Historians disagree on the precise way the
615:
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3638:
3624:
1691:
1677:
552:– such as the contrast, especially in the
1023:Learn how and when to remove this message
392:The work as planned had three parts: the
248:Learn how and when to remove this message
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
708:
571:
2947:
1571:
972:
312:Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus Augustus,
291:Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus Augustus,
14:
4622:
1628:David J.D. Miller & Peter Saaris,
1403:
1344:
1195:Digestorum seu Pandectarum tomus alter
897:, in 1345. He made a short version of
765:, made a student textbook, called the
696:
567:
467:, an official in Justinian's court in
374:, enacted from 529 to 534 by order of
3619:
3515:
2946:
2731:
2423:
2090:
1711:
1672:
1382:
528:jurisdictions. The provisions of the
2732:
1406:The Cambridge Companion to Roman Law
1158:" who established the curriculum of
1118:(a complete 6th-century copy of the
1005:adding citations to reliable sources
976:
179:
106:adding citations to reliable sources
77:
36:
4670:6th century in the Byzantine Empire
2434:
963:Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch
817:, a practical lawyer's edition, by
761:and two professors, Theophilus and
381:. It is also sometimes referred to
24:
3677:Accidental death and dismemberment
1297:International Roman Law Moot Court
1150:. Irnerius' pupils, the so-called
965:), which was made on the basis of
825:Continuation in the Eastern Empire
512:, or its successor texts like the
25:
4686:
3557:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
1656:Justinian's Code by Fred H. Blume
1639:
929:Romano-Byzantine Law included in
623:
52:This article has multiple issues.
3803:Directors and officers liability
3596:
1553:7 vols. (1831–39); Vignali, G.,
1213:, which marked the abolition of
981:
821:during the years 572–577.
276:
184:
82:
41:
1946:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
1768:Constantinian–Valentinianic era
1622:
1606:
1590:
1564:
1539:
1519:
1494:
1173:required law with a concept of
1154:, were among the first of the "
992:needs additional citations for
742:
410:(the Latin title contains both
93:needs additional citations for
60:or discuss these issues on the
3031:Great Palace of Constantinople
2772:Patriarchate of Constantinople
2091:
1481:
1462:
1451:
1437:
1412:
1364:
1338:
1325:
864:(c. 879) – enacted by emperor
643:most of the existing imperial
13:
1:
3645:
1445:"Ecloga | Byzantine law"
1318:
1277:Codex Repetitae Praelectionis
4570:Savings and loan association
3493:University of Constantinople
3074:Arch of Galerius and Rotunda
2424:
2224:Chartoularios tou vestiariou
1913:Byzantine successor states (
611:within three years, in 533.
402:
385:after one of its parts, the
7:
4003:Insurance-linked securities
3163:Saint Catherine's Monastery
2219:Chartoularios tou sakelliou
2214:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
1712:
1559:Cuerpo del derecho civil...
1249:
847:(740) – enacted by emperor
802:
210:the claims made and adding
10:
4691:
4665:6th-century books in Latin
3692:Total permanent disability
3552:Neo-Byzantine architecture
3516:
2173:Comes sacrarum largitionum
1222:of the peoples of Europe.
806:
746:
720:
716:
673:Legislation about religion
632:
576:Justinian I depicted on a
542:ecclesia vivit lege romana
29:
4595:
4447:
4432:Health insurance coverage
4372:
4156:
3985:
3927:
3856:
3775:
3727:
3697:Business overhead expense
3662:
3653:
3579:
3522:
3511:
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3332:
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3235:
3180:
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3122:Sant'Apollinare in Classe
3107:
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2953:
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2742:
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1959:
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1822:
1753:
1724:
1720:
1707:
1572:Kearley, Timothy (1975).
1404:Kaiser, Wolfgang (2015).
1041:Pragmatic Sanction of 554
893:, a Byzantine judge from
891:Constantine Harmenopoulos
777:are largely based on the
683:Chalcedonian Christianity
463:The work was directed by
336:
319:
308:
298:
290:
275:
264:
3833:Protection and indemnity
2696:Droungarios of the Fleet
1233:existed until 1932 when
1169:The merchant classes of
628:
558:public international law
4290:Explanation of benefits
3762:Variable universal life
3210:Early Byzantine mosaics
2572:Domestic of the Schools
1527:Acta Poloniae Historica
1345:Department, Reference.
1166:, in the 13th century.
1152:Four Doctors of Bologna
911:independent Greek state
809:Novellae Constitutiones
749:Institutes of Justinian
562:Western legal tradition
449:Novellae Constitutiones
4427:Health insurance costs
3828:Professional liability
3527:Byzantine commonwealth
2289:Praetorian prefectures
2209:Logothetes tou genikou
2183:Quaestor sacri palatii
2178:Comes rerum privatarum
1951:Fall of Constantinople
1890:Sack of Constantinople
1491:(Leiden: Brill, 2007).
1474:, a copy recovered in
1237:published his version
1059:was superseded by the
616:
585:
117:"Corpus Juris Civilis"
4640:Defunct constitutions
4283:Out-of-pocket expense
4144:Workers' compensation
3798:Collateral protection
3788:Business interruption
3227:Komnenian renaissance
3222:Macedonian period art
3127:Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
3099:Walls of Thessaloniki
2199:Logothetes tou dromou
1814:Twenty Years' Anarchy
1778:Valentinianic dynasty
1773:Constantinian dynasty
1661:The Roman Law Library
1424:penelope.uchicago.edu
1351:law.gwu.libguides.com
1282:Corpus Juris Canonici
1231:Corpus Juris Civilis
1203:Dionysius Gothofredus
1183:University of Bologna
901:in six books, called
709:Laws against paganism
575:
32:Corpus Juris Canonici
18:Justinian's Code
4675:Prose texts in Latin
4645:Medieval legal codes
4506:Corpus Juris Civilis
3424:Units of measurement
3158:Panagia Gorgoepikoos
3051:Pammakaristos Church
2899:Corpus Juris Civilis
2850:Missionary activity
2309:Exarchate of Ravenna
2135:Imperial bureaucracy
1529:38 (1978): 185–198.
1257:Frederick Barbarossa
1235:Samuel Parsons Scott
1227:Corpus Juris Civilis
1207:Corpus Juris Civilis
1199:Corpus Juris Civilis
1045:Exarchate of Ravenna
1037:Corpus Juris Civilis
1001:improve this article
973:Recovery in the West
967:Corpus Juris Civilis
945:fell to the Turkish
931:Corpus Juris Civilis
866:Basil the Macedonian
835:Corpus Juris Civilis
787:. Two-thirds of the
532:also influenced the
530:Corpus Juris Civilis
510:Corpus Juris Civilis
488:Corpus Juris Civilis
477:Eastern Roman Empire
341:John the Cappadocian
303:Eastern Roman Empire
283:Corpus Iuris Civilis
269:Corpus Juris Civilis
102:improve this article
4565:Rochdale Principles
4560:Mutual savings bank
4555:Mutual organization
4540:Cooperative banking
4457:Mesopotamian banker
3737:Longevity insurance
2948:Culture and society
2811:Ecumenical councils
2314:Exarchate of Africa
2304:Quaestura exercitus
2168:Magister officiorum
2163:Praetorian prefects
1806:Byzantine Dark Ages
1408:. pp. 119–148.
1126:and later moved to
1047:. Accordingly, the
959:Austrian civil code
819:Athanasios of Emesa
757:neared completion,
697:Laws against heresy
666:Codex Hermogenianus
651:. It used both the
568:Compilation process
540:: it was said that
4660:6th century in law
4317:Insurable interest
3818:Payment protection
3719:Payment protection
3365:Flags and insignia
3011:Baths of Zeuxippus
2894:Codex Theodosianus
2784:Oriental Orthodoxy
1742:Later Roman Empire
1545:Hulot, H. et al.,
1471:Littera Florentina
1302:List of Roman laws
1160:medieval Roman law
1115:Littera Florentina
951:Serbian Revolution
723:Digest (Roman law)
691:Oriental Orthodoxy
687:Church of the East
654:Codex Theodosianus
600:Codex Theodosianus
586:
299:Territorial extent
195:possibly contains
4617:
4616:
4462:Code of Hammurabi
4437:Vehicle insurance
4332:Replacement value
4224:Actual cash value
4188:Adverse selection
4178:Actuarial science
4152:
4151:
4084:Kidnap and ransom
4057:Extended warranty
3704:Income protection
3613:
3612:
3575:
3574:
3532:Byzantine studies
3507:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3318:Alexander Romance
3176:
3175:
3153:Nea Moni of Chios
3016:Blachernae Palace
2938:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2904:Code of Justinian
2752:Eastern Orthodoxy
2723:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2645:
2644:
2519:Scholae Palatinae
2415:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2380:Foreign relations
2374:
2373:
2268:
2267:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2077:
1881:(1204–1453)
1583:978-1-7361312-1-3
1272:Code of Hammurabi
1217:, but reinstated
1179:Holy Roman Empire
1079:autonomy and the
1043:), including the
1033:
1032:
1025:
943:Serbian Despotate
925:(1349 and 1354),
660:Codex Gregorianus
635:Code of Justinian
595:Codex Iustinianus
580:in the church of
387:Code of Justinian
376:Byzantine Emperor
350:
349:
265:Body of Civil Law
258:
257:
250:
240:
239:
232:
197:original research
178:
177:
170:
152:
75:
16:(Redirected from
4682:
4575:Social insurance
4530:Friendly society
4422:Health insurance
4250:Short rate table
3998:Catastrophe bond
3899:Lenders mortgage
3660:
3659:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3617:
3616:
3600:
3513:
3512:
3456:Imperial Library
3402:Byzantine Greeks
3143:Daphni Monastery
3094:Panagia Chalkeon
3089:Hagios Demetrios
3056:Prison of Anemas
3006:Basilica Cistern
2964:
2963:
2955:
2954:
2944:
2943:
2799:West Syriac Rite
2789:Alexandrian Rite
2740:
2739:
2733:Religion and law
2729:
2728:
2664:Maritime themata
2620:Palaiologan army
2473:Military manuals
2441:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2421:
2420:
2279:
2278:
2255:Megas logothetes
2106:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2088:
2087:
1961:By modern region
1882:
1829:
1828:(717–1204)
1760:
1722:
1721:
1709:
1708:
1700:Byzantine Empire
1693:
1686:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1633:
1632:(2 vols., 2018).
1626:
1620:
1610:
1604:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1568:
1562:
1543:
1537:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1498:
1492:
1485:
1479:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1401:
1380:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1342:
1336:
1329:
1287:Henry de Bracton
1187:High Middle Ages
1171:Italian communes
1110:Pope Gregory VII
1106:Gregorian Reform
1028:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1008:
985:
977:
849:Leo the Isaurian
737:Law of Citations
619:
584:, Ravenna, Italy
332:
330:
280:
271:
262:
261:
253:
246:
235:
228:
224:
221:
215:
212:inline citations
188:
187:
180:
173:
166:
162:
159:
153:
151:
110:
86:
78:
67:
45:
44:
37:
21:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4650:Roman law codes
4620:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4591:
4587:Insurance cycle
4550:Fraternal order
4443:
4374:
4368:
4327:Proximate cause
4322:Insurance fraud
4302:General average
4261:Claims adjuster
4203:Risk management
4198:Risk assessment
4162:
4159:
4148:
4114:Prize indemnity
3981:
3929:
3923:
3852:
3813:Over-redemption
3771:
3723:
3714:National health
3655:
3649:
3644:
3614:
3609:
3606:
3571:
3547:Cyrillic script
3518:
3499:
3444:
3428:
3328:
3310:Digenes Akritas
3286:
3231:
3172:
3136:Other locations
3131:
3103:
3060:
2992:
2981:Cross-in-square
2949:
2930:
2880:
2734:
2715:
2641:
2591:
2587:Varangian Guard
2530:
2504:East Roman army
2499:Late Roman army
2487:
2426:
2407:
2370:
2349:
2318:
2264:
2243:
2239:Epi ton deeseon
2229:Epi tou eidikou
2187:
2151:
2093:
2074:
2061:
1964:
1962:
1955:
1941:Palaiologan era
1883:
1880:
1871:
1842:Nikephorian era
1830:
1827:
1818:
1761:
1759:(330–717)
1758:
1749:
1729:
1716:
1703:
1697:
1666:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1627:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1569:
1565:
1544:
1540:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1482:
1478:, demonstrates.
1467:
1463:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1402:
1383:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1343:
1339:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1252:
1211:Napoleonic Code
1132:Epitome Codicis
1090:Theodosian Code
1029:
1018:
1012:
1009:
998:
986:
975:
827:
811:
805:
751:
745:
725:
719:
711:
699:
675:
637:
631:
626:
617:ius respondendi
570:
538:Catholic Church
328:
326:
309:Enacted by
286:
267:
266:
254:
243:
242:
241:
236:
225:
219:
216:
201:
189:
185:
174:
163:
157:
154:
111:
109:
99:
87:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4688:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4608:List of topics
4604:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4523:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4495:
4493:Burial society
4483:
4482:
4481:
4475:§235–238; §240
4467:§100–105; §126
4459:
4453:
4451:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4417:Climate change
4409:
4407:United Kingdom
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4378:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4354:
4352:Underinsurance
4349:
4344:
4342:Self-insurance
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4169:
4167:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4109:Political risk
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4089:Legal expenses
4086:
4081:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3933:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3869:Builder's risk
3866:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3793:Business owner
3790:
3785:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3757:Universal life
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3709:Long-term care
3706:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3620:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3079:Byzantine Bath
3076:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2998:Constantinople
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2951:
2950:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2757:Byzantine Rite
2748:
2746:
2736:
2735:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2637:Grand domestic
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2603:Komnenian army
2599:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2478:Military units
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2448:Battle tactics
2444:
2438:
2428:
2427:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2140:Medieval Greek
2132:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2109:
2103:
2095:
2094:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1895:Fourth Crusade
1886:
1884:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1852:Macedonian era
1849:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1831:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1785:Theodosian era
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1718:
1717:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1641:
1640:External links
1638:
1635:
1634:
1621:
1605:
1589:
1582:
1563:
1561:2 vols. (1874)
1538:
1518:
1493:
1480:
1461:
1450:
1436:
1411:
1381:
1363:
1337:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1243:Fred. H. Blume
1031:
1030:
1013:September 2014
989:
987:
980:
974:
971:
947:Ottoman Empire
913:in the 1820s.
883:
882:
869:
852:
826:
823:
807:Main article:
804:
801:
747:Main article:
744:
741:
721:Main article:
718:
715:
710:
707:
698:
695:
679:state religion
674:
671:
645:constitutiones
633:Main article:
630:
627:
625:
624:The four parts
622:
590:Constantinople
569:
566:
469:Constantinople
348:
347:
338:
334:
333:
323:
317:
316:
310:
306:
305:
300:
296:
295:
288:
287:
281:
273:
272:
256:
255:
238:
237:
192:
190:
183:
176:
175:
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4687:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4635:Byzantine law
4633:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4412:United States
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4296:Force majeure
4293:
4291:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4217:Value of life
4215:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4166:
4161:
4155:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4079:Interest rate
4077:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3947:Inland marine
3945:
3943:
3942:GAP insurance
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3930:Communication
3926:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3752:Unitised fund
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3742:Mortgage life
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3652:
3648:
3641:
3636:
3634:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3514:
3510:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3451:Encyclopedias
3449:
3448:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3375:Hellenization
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:Everyday life
3331:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3305:Acritic songs
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:Hosios Loukas
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2945:
2941:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2821:Monophysitism
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2794:Armenian Rite
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2730:
2726:
2712:
2711:Naval battles
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2422:
2418:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:Protasekretis
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2085:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:Komnenian era
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1800:Heraclian era
1798:
1796:
1795:Justinian era
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1757:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1618:9780521196826
1615:
1609:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1490:
1484:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1459:
1454:
1446:
1440:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1407:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1352:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1313:
1312:Zakonopravilo
1310:
1308:
1307:Twelve Tables
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:Byzantine law
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:The Civil Law
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1122:preserved in
1121:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1027:
1024:
1016:
1006:
1002:
996:
995:
990:This section
988:
984:
979:
978:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
919:Zakonopravilo
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
880:
876:
875:
870:
867:
863:
862:
857:
853:
850:
846:
845:
840:
839:
838:
836:
833:based on the
832:
822:
820:
816:
810:
800:
798:
794:
793:Institutiones
790:
789:Institutiones
786:
782:
781:
780:Institutiones
776:
775:Institutiones
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
750:
740:
738:
734:
730:
724:
714:
706:
704:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
670:
668:
667:
662:
661:
656:
655:
650:
646:
642:
636:
621:
618:
612:
609:
604:
602:
601:
596:
591:
583:
579:
574:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Institutiones
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
383:metonymically
380:
377:
373:
372:jurisprudence
369:
368:
363:
362:
357:
356:
346:
342:
339:
337:Introduced by
335:
324:
322:
318:
315:
314:Roman emperor
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
294:
293:Roman emperor
289:
284:
279:
274:
270:
263:
260:
252:
249:
234:
231:
223:
213:
209:
205:
199:
198:
193:This article
191:
182:
181:
172:
169:
161:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119: –
118:
114:
113:Find sources:
107:
103:
97:
96:
91:This article
89:
85:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
4606:
4599:
4545:Credit union
4511:
4505:
4504:
4485:
4357:Underwriting
4312:Insurability
4294:
4273:Co-insurance
4243:
4239:Cancellation
4030:Catastrophic
4015:Climate risk
3843:Trade credit
3316:
3084:Hagia Sophia
3066:Thessalonica
3041:Hagia Sophia
3021:Chora Church
2959:Architecture
2898:
2836:Great Schism
2826:Paulicianism
2804:Miaphysitism
2659:Karabisianoi
1963:or territory
1923:Thessalonica
1907:Latin Empire
1902:Frankokratia
1877:
1837:Isaurian era
1824:
1755:
1740:
1736:Roman Empire
1726:
1665:
1629:
1624:
1608:
1592:
1573:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1526:
1521:
1509:. Retrieved
1506:www.unibo.it
1505:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1469:
1464:
1453:
1439:
1427:. Retrieved
1423:
1414:
1405:
1373:Lex Ripuaria
1371:
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1350:
1340:
1332:
1327:
1292:Dušan's Code
1246:Greek text.
1238:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1168:
1164:Ultramontani
1142:and then by
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1076:
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1035:Justinian's
1034:
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999:Please help
994:verification
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927:transplanted
923:Dušan's Code
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767:Institutions
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100:Please help
95:verification
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54:Please help
51:
4655:Justinian I
4580:Trade union
4535:Cooperative
4208:Uncertainty
4067:Index-based
4035:Multi-peril
3993:Reinsurance
3952:Public auto
3857:Residential
3567:Megali Idea
3542:Byzantinism
3245:Agriculture
3036:Hagia Irene
2869:Kievan Rus'
2846:Mount Athos
2669:Cibyrrhaeot
2613:Vestiaritai
2468:Mercenaries
2345:Catepanates
2204:Sakellarios
2123:Family tree
2048:Mesopotamia
1867:Angelid era
1847:Amorian era
1429:13 December
1356:10 February
1071:. Only the
921:(1219) and
831:legal codes
518:private law
379:Justinian I
4624:Categories
4375:by country
4373:Insurance
4347:Total loss
4268:Deductible
4229:Cash value
4173:Act of God
4158:Insurance
4072:Parametric
4052:Expatriate
3928:Transport/
3894:Landlords'
3879:Earthquake
3767:Whole life
3687:Disability
3562:Third Rome
3488:University
3471:Philosophy
3461:Inventions
3324:Historians
3292:Literature
3275:Varangians
3117:San Vitale
3046:Hippodrome
3026:City Walls
2926:Mutilation
2921:Hexabiblos
2841:Bogomilism
2831:Iconoclasm
2701:Megas doux
2691:Greek fire
2674:Aegean Sea
2547:Kleisourai
2524:Excubitors
2514:Bucellarii
2366:Despotates
2335:Kleisourai
2274:Provincial
2118:Coronation
2092:Governance
1857:Doukid era
1790:Leonid era
1319:References
1156:glossators
1130:) and the
1093:, not the
1053:Catepanate
1049:Institutes
903:Hexabiblos
582:San Vitale
554:Institutes
550:Norman law
546:common law
522:public law
420:Institutes
204:improve it
158:April 2011
128:newspapers
57:improve it
4630:Roman law
4521:Syndicate
4487:Collegium
4382:Australia
4337:Risk pool
4307:Indemnity
4278:Copayment
4212:Knightian
4124:Terrorism
4094:Liability
3962:Satellite
3823:Pollution
3747:Term life
3656:insurance
3654:Types of
3647:Insurance
3390:Octoechos
3270:Silk Road
2762:Hesychasm
2630:Paramonai
2577:Hetaireia
2509:Foederati
2398:Diplomacy
2393:Diplomats
2299:Provinces
2128:Empresses
1931:Trebizond
1727:Preceding
1535:0001-6829
1215:feudalism
861:Epanagoge
856:Prochiron
763:Dorotheus
759:Tribonian
733:Pandectae
608:Tribonian
534:canon law
526:civil law
465:Tribonian
416:Pandectae
345:Tribonian
321:Effective
208:verifying
63:talk page
4601:Category
4479:§275–277
4397:Pakistan
4245:Pro rata
4134:War risk
4099:No-fault
4010:Casualty
3967:Shipping
3937:Aviation
3914:Renters'
3909:Property
3904:Mortgage
3874:Contents
3848:Umbrella
3808:Fidelity
3776:Business
3672:Accident
3483:Scholars
3476:Rhetoric
3466:Medicine
3441:Learning
3340:Calendar
3217:Painters
2916:Basilika
2854:Bulgaria
2816:Arianism
2767:Hayhurum
2744:Religion
2706:Admirals
2625:Allagion
2557:Droungos
2463:Generals
2425:Military
2388:Treaties
2294:Dioceses
2113:Emperors
2026:Sardinia
2006:Dalmatia
1986:Bulgaria
1976:Anatolia
1935:Theodoro
1929: /
1925: /
1917: /
1262:Basilika
1250:See also
1144:Irnerius
1077:de facto
1068:Basilika
961:(called
939:Basilika
935:Prohiron
907:Basilika
899:Basilika
887:Basilika
874:Basilika
815:Syntagma
803:Novellae
771:Elements
514:Basilika
502:Basilika
493:Basilika
458:New Laws
442:and the
408:Pandects
4526:Benefit
4513:Digesta
4449:History
4183:Actuary
4139:Weather
4129:Tuition
4119:Takaful
4047:Deposit
3977:Vehicle
3592:Outline
3537:Museums
3437:Science
3414:Slavery
3370:Gardens
3350:Cuisine
3282:Dynatoi
3250:Coinage
3237:Economy
3205:Mosaics
3168:Mystras
3109:Ravenna
2971:Secular
2859:Moravia
2608:Pronoia
2582:Akritai
2567:Tagmata
2542:Themata
2483:Revolts
2453:Battles
2361:Kephale
2330:Themata
2260:Mesazon
2102:Central
2038:Maghreb
1991:Corsica
1981:Armenia
1971:Albania
1714:History
1468:As the
1219:slavery
1148:glosses
1073:Corpus'
915:Serbian
753:As the
729:Digesta
717:Digesta
649:Hadrian
536:of the
506:Ottoman
434:or the
412:Digesta
367:Civilis
327: (
202:Please
142:scholar
4402:Serbia
4362:Profit
4234:Broker
4160:policy
3972:Travel
3957:Marine
3864:Boiler
3838:Surety
3682:Dental
3664:Health
3602:Portal
3517:Impact
3397:People
3345:Cities
3195:Enamel
2976:Sacred
2911:Ecloga
2777:Saints
2686:Dromon
2562:Bandon
2552:Tourma
2535:Middle
2458:Beacon
2340:Bandon
2323:Middle
2192:Middle
2147:Senate
2070:Thrace
2053:Serbia
2031:Sicily
2016:Greece
2001:Cyprus
1919:Epirus
1915:Nicaea
1825:Middle
1702:topics
1616:
1580:
1533:
1175:equity
1124:Amalfi
1120:Digest
1102:Corpus
1095:Corpus
1085:Corpus
1062:Ecloga
1057:Corpus
844:Ecloga
797:Digest
755:Digest
578:mosaic
520:. Its
454:Novels
444:Digest
436:Digest
403:Digest
285:, 1583
144:
137:
130:
123:
115:
4498:Guild
4392:India
4387:China
4256:Claim
4062:Group
4042:Cyber
4020:Crime
3986:Other
3919:Title
3884:Flood
3587:Index
3419:Death
3409:Women
3380:Music
3360:Dress
3355:Dance
3300:Novel
3260:Trade
3255:Mints
3200:Glass
3190:Icons
2986:Domes
2864:Serbs
2679:Samos
2492:Early
2282:Early
2156:Early
2065:Syria
2043:Malta
2021:Italy
2011:Egypt
1996:Crete
1927:Morea
1756:Early
1511:3 May
1136:Codex
955:Serbs
868:; and
785:Gaius
641:Latin
629:Codex
498:Greek
481:Greek
473:Latin
398:Codex
361:Iuris
149:JSTOR
135:books
4471:§234
4193:Risk
4163:and
4025:Crop
3889:Home
3783:Bond
3729:Life
3385:Lyra
3265:silk
2876:Jews
2651:Navy
2596:Late
2436:Army
2403:Wars
2354:Late
2248:Late
1878:Late
1614:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1570:See
1531:ISSN
1513:2020
1476:Pisa
1431:2022
1370:Cf.
1358:2022
1225:The
1140:Pepo
1128:Pisa
1065:and
937:and
885:The
871:the
858:and
854:the
841:the
727:The
689:and
663:and
486:The
440:Code
432:Code
428:Code
414:and
394:Code
358:(or
352:The
121:news
4165:law
4104:Pet
3182:Art
2886:Law
1108:of
1003:by
783:of
769:or
731:or
460:).
406:or
329:534
325:534
206:by
104:by
4626::
4477:;
4473:;
4469:;
1504:.
1422:.
1384:^
1349:.
1189:.
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969:.
953:,
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364:)
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66:.
4528:/
4210:/
3639:e
3632:t
3625:v
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1921:–
1808:"
1804:"
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