229:
135:
416:. In eastern Germany, kabarett artists had been growing more and more daring in their criticism of politicians in the time leading up to 1989. After reunification, new social problems, such as mass unemployment, the privatization of companies, and rapid changes in society, meant that cabarets rose in number.
897:
It retained the intimate atmosphere, entertainment platform, and improvisational character of the French cabaret but developed its own characteristic gallows humour. By the late 1920s the German cabaret gradually had come to feature mildly risque musical entertainment for the middle-class man, as
898:
well as biting political and social satire. It was also a centre for underground political and literary movements. They were the centres of leftist of opposition to the rise of the German Nazi Party and often experienced Nazi retaliation for their criticism of the government.
99:
but has two different meanings. The first meaning is the same as in
English, describing a form of entertainment featuring comedy, song, dance, and theatre (often the word "cabaret" is used in German for this as well to distinguish this form). The latter describes a kind of
406:. At the end of the decade, the students' movement of May 1968 split opinion on the genre as some old kabarett artists were booed off the stage for being part of the old establishment. In the 1970s, new forms of kabarett developed, such as the television show
427:
In the 1990s and at the start of the new millennium, the television and film comedy boom and a lessening of public interest in politics meant that television kabarett audiences in
Germany dropped. In order to increase interest again the
244:, allowing the kabarett artists to deal with social themes and political developments of the time. This meant that German kabarett really began to blossom in the 1920s and 1930s, bringing forth all kinds of new cabaret artists, such as
106:
321:; at the end of that year Kurt Tucholsky committed suicide; and nearly all German-speaking kabarett artists fled into exile in Switzerland, France, Scandinavia, or the United States.
810:
432:
in Mainz is honoring selected cabaret celebrities; many past cabaret celebrities are honored by stars and each year a star for a living one is added.
829:
1204:
Deutschlands
Erwachen. Kabarett unterm Hakenkreuz 1933–1945 (= Kleinkunststücke. Eine Kabarett-Bibliothek in fünf Bänden, Hrsg. Volker Kühn, Band3)
114:) pride themselves as dedicated almost completely to political and social topics of more serious nature which they criticize using techniques like
61:
and was centered on political events and satire. It later inspired creation of
Kabarett venues in Germany from 1901, with the creation of Berlin's
1192:, Frankfurt/M., Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris, Wien, 1996. 309 S. Kölner Studien zur Literaturwissenschaft Vol. 8, Edited by Neuhaus Volker,
361:
292:
1231:
1197:
1089:
951:
295:
came to power in 1933, they started to repress this intellectual criticism of the times. Kabarett in
Germany was hit badly. (
1159:
Politisches
Kabarett und Satire. Mit Beiträgen von Volker Kühn, Henning Venske, Peter Ensikat, Eckart v. Hirschhausen u.a.
1280:
1266:
1252:
1221:
1166:
1152:
1138:
1117:
1103:
1075:
1008:
978:
924:
1320:
412:. At the end of the 1980s, kabarett was an important part of social criticism, with a minor boom at the time of
154:", the first Kabarett venue (Berlin, 1901) in Germany and the "Jung-Wiener Theater zum lieben Augustin" in
472:
1315:
372:
1216:
Doris
Rosenstein: Fernseh(schwäbisches) Kabarett . In: Suevica 7 (1993). Stuttgart 1994 , S. 153–192
65:
venue and in
Austria with the creation of the Jung-Wiener Theater zum lieben Augustin housed in the
1310:
700:
413:
29:
1226:
Siegordner, Martin: Politisches
Kabarett- Definition, Geschichte und Stellung. GRIN Verlag, 2004.
1325:
864:
803:
567:
429:
408:
115:
324:
When the war ended, the occupying powers ensured that the kabarett portrayed the horrors of the
1305:
998:
914:
1300:
941:
796:
306:
583:
82:
1259:
Die
Budapester Orpheumgesellschaft. Ein Varieté in Wien 1889–1919. Vorwort: Gerhard Bronner
537:
199:
8:
678:
556:
435:
As of 1999, contemporary active political kabarettists and satirists in Germany include:
177:
66:
500:
834:
561:
452:
318:
161:
1145:
Von Travnicek bis Hinterholz 8 : Kabarett in Österreich ab 1945, von A bis Zugabe
1276:
1262:
1248:
1227:
1217:
1193:
1162:
1148:
1134:
1113:
1099:
1085:
1071:
1004:
974:
947:
920:
626:
334:
310:
301:
542:
261:
1295:
724:
713:
683:
670:
660:
517:
448:
218:
101:
74:
455:(died 2013), Henning Venske, Matthias Beltz (died 2002), Matthias Deutschmann and
281:
968:
889:
822:
483:
241:
764:
352:
328:
regime. Soon, various kabarett shows were also dealing with the government, the
85:
from which it was imported, but the gallows humor was a distinct German aspect.
655:
614:
598:
589:
456:
444:
296:
277:
273:
147:
50:
1289:
1030:
705:
689:
525:
495:
383:. It was censored and had to be very careful in criticizing the state (1954:
253:
237:
78:
769:
395:
357:
182:
151:
62:
665:
650:
642:
572:
314:
245:
143:
58:
577:
221:
and others, in April 1901. It is sometimes considered the first political
104:. Unlike comedians who make fun of all kinds of things, Kabarett artists (
970:
The Triumph of Pierrot: The Commedia dell'Arte and the Modern Imagination
631:
551:
511:
505:
440:
436:
265:
236:
All forms of public criticism were banned by a censor on theatres in the
1068:
Schaubudenzauber – Geschichte und Geschichten eines legendären Kabaretts
285:
150:. It later inspired similar venues in Germany and Austria such as the "
70:
1003:(in German). Gütersloh/Munich: Wissen Media Verlag GmbH. p. 713.
620:
489:
276:. Some of their texts were written by great literary figures such as
228:
1173:
Bretter, die die Zeit bedeuten – Die Kulturgeschichte des Kabaretts
606:
329:
1178:
Henningsen, Jürgen: Theorie des Kabaretts, Düsseldorf-Benrath 1967
1157:
Glodek, Tobias/Haberecht, Christian/Ungern-Sternberg, Christoph:
779:
757:
417:
388:
119:
95:
46:
439:, Thomas Reis, Arnulf Rating, Heinrich Pachl, 3 Gestirn Köln 1,
134:
841:
789:
747:
403:
399:
376:
365:
339:
325:
210:
194:(colourful theatre), in January 1901. In the foundation of the
165:
155:
81:. It shared the characteristic atmosphere of intimacy with the
38:
916:
Practicing modernity: female creativity in the Weimar Republic
851:
420:, for example, gained two new cabarets alongside the popular
347:
123:
42:
815:
368:. These were followed in the 1950s by television cabaret.
967:
Green, Martin Burgess; Swan, John C. (28 February 1989).
1271:
Zivier, Georg/Kotschenreuter, Hellmut/Ludwig, Volker:
1190:
Untersuchungen zum DDR-Berufskabarett der Ära Honecker
1245:
Fiktionskulisse – Poetik und Geschichte des Kabaretts
375:, the first state kabarett stage was opened in 1953,
1096:
Pfeffer ins Getriebe – So ist und wurde das Kabarett
973:. Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 196.
884:
882:
880:
737:
966:
394:In the 1960s, West German kabarett was centred on
1161:, Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Berlin, Berlin 2007.
908:
906:
877:
462:
1287:
943:The Berlin Cabaret & The Neue Frau 1918-1933
93:Kabarett is the German word for the French word
1273:Kabarett mit K – Siebzig Jahre große Kleinkunst
1183:Es liegt in der Luft. Kabarett im Dritten Reich
912:
913:Schönfeld, Christiane; Finnan, Carmel (2006).
903:
88:
240:, however. This was lifted at the end of the
1175:, Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Köln-Berlin 1967
1112:, Vlg. J.B. Metzler, Stuttgart-Weimar 1996,
1039:
996:
1275:, Berlin Verlag Arno Spitz, Berlin 1989,
73:in the mid-1920s it was characterized by
1147:, Verl. Styria, Graz; Wien; Köln, 2000,
1124:Die zehnte Muse – Kabarettisten erzählen
227:
133:
1082:Jüdisches Kabarett in Wien. 1889 – 2009
1070:, Verlag Edition AV, Lich/Hessen 2006,
939:
1288:
992:
990:
786:Münchner Lach- und Schießgesellschaft
362:Münchner Lach- und Schießgesellschaft
317:was briefly imprisoned and sent to a
28:
1126:, Henschel Verlag, Berlin (DDR) 1982
1080:Arnbom, Marie-Theres, Wacks, Georg:
1033:hüsch.org Retrieved 24 January 2012
1240:, Richard Beeck Vlg., Hannover 1948
1213:, Henschelverlag, Berlin (DDR) 1977
1108:Budzinski, Klaus/Hippen, Reinhard:
313:, deals with this period.) In 1935
13:
1098:, Universitas Vlg., München 1982,
1060:
987:
14:
1337:
940:Fechner, Charlotte Luise (2008).
738:Notable Kabarett shows and venues
142:The first Kabarett venue was the
49:which was developed in France by
1261:, Holzhausen Verlag, Wien 2002,
1084:, Armin Berg Verlag, Wien 2009,
891:The new encyclopaedia Britannica
168:the first German cabaret called
16:Satirical revue, form of cabaret
1247:, Mentis Vlg., Paderborn 1993,
997:Wolf-Eckhard, Gudemann (2007).
198:, von Wolzogen was inspired by
1024:
960:
933:
463:Other notable Kabarett artists
146:in France, founded in 1880 by
1:
1209:Otto, Rainer/Rösler, Walter:
870:
7:
1031:Hans Dieter Hüsch biography
858:
89:Difference from other forms
10:
1342:
129:
1122:Deißner-Jenssen, Frauke:
1066:Ambesser, Gwendolyn von:
894:, Volume 2, p.702 quote:
342:, the university cabaret
338:: Cabaret Ulenspiegel in
1110:Metzler Kabarett Lexikon
1047:Damit müssen Sie rechnen
1321:German political satire
1051:Gefühlte Wirklichkeiten
1049:, Teil 1, pp. 9–10, in
1045:Pispers, Volker (1999)
865:Walk of Fame of Cabaret
804:Notizen aus der Provinz
568:Eckart von Hirschhausen
430:Walk of Fame of Cabaret
409:Notizen aus der Provinz
1238:Unsterbliches Kabarett
900:
233:
139:
111:
1206:, Berlin 1989, S. 20.
1131:Spaßvogel – Vogelfrei
895:
797:Neues aus der Anstalt
307:Christopher Isherwood
299:'s Broadway musical,
231:
215:Die Elf Scharfrichter
176:, a play of words on
137:
26:German pronunciation:
538:Christoph Grissemann
414:German reunification
200:Otto Julius Bierbaum
776:Mitternachtsspitzen
744:Cabaret Ulenspiegel
679:Wilfried Schmickler
557:Dieter Hallervorden
256:(died 1948) at the
178:Friedrich Nietzsche
67:Theater an der Wien
1236:Schumann, Werner:
1211:Kabarettgeschichte
1181:Hippen, Reinhard:
1094:Budzinski, Klaus:
584:Hanns Dieter Hüsch
562:Peter Hammerschlag
453:Dieter Hildebrandt
319:concentration camp
234:
232:Kabarett ROhrSTOCK
217:was co-founded by
190:), later known as
162:Ernst von Wolzogen
140:
55:cabaret artistique
30:[kabaˈʁɛt]
1316:Culture in Vienna
1243:Vogel, Benedikt:
1232:978-3-638-72669-6
1198:978-3-631-30546-1
1188:Jacobs, Dietmar:
1090:978-3-9502673-0-3
1000:Ich sag dir alles
953:978-3-638-92652-2
732:Sigi Zimmerschied
627:Michael Niavarani
477:Konrad Beikircher
335:Wirtschaftswunder
311:Goodbye to Berlin
1333:
1054:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
994:
985:
984:
964:
958:
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937:
931:
930:
910:
901:
886:
838:
811:Pantheon-Theater
725:Claus von Wagner
714:Brother Theodore
710:Ludger Stratmann
701:Emil Steinberger
684:Werner Schneyder
671:Mathias Richling
661:Lukas Resetarits
518:Ottfried Fischer
501:Gerd Dudenhöffer
449:Mathias Richling
385:Die Pfeffermühle
268:at the Kabarett
219:Otto Falckenberg
109:
102:political satire
75:political satire
32:
27:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1311:Austrian humour
1286:
1285:
1133:, Berlin 1991,
1129:Finck, Werner:
1063:
1061:Further reading
1058:
1057:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1011:
995:
988:
981:
965:
961:
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938:
934:
927:
919:. p. 192.
911:
904:
887:
878:
873:
861:
832:
830:Science Busters
823:Scheibenwischer
740:
735:
718:Mathias Tretter
675:Helmut Schleich
647:Sissi Perlinger
595:Reiner Kröhnert
548:Günter Grünwald
484:Gerhard Bronner
465:
305:, based on the
272:in Vienna, and
242:First World War
132:
105:
91:
57:. It was named
53:in 1881 as the
41:) is satirical
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1339:
1329:
1328:
1326:Weimar cabaret
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1284:
1283:
1269:
1257:Wacks, Georg:
1255:
1241:
1234:
1224:
1214:
1207:
1202:Kühn, Volker:
1200:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1171:Greul, Heinz:
1169:
1155:
1141:
1127:
1120:
1106:
1092:
1078:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1038:
1023:
1009:
986:
979:
959:
952:
946:. p. 65.
932:
925:
902:
875:
874:
872:
869:
868:
867:
860:
857:
856:
855:
848:Tol(l)leranten
845:
826:
819:
807:
800:
793:
783:
773:
761:
751:
739:
736:
734:
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722:
719:
716:
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708:
703:
698:
697:Serdar Somuncu
695:
692:
687:
681:
676:
673:
668:
663:
658:
656:Andreas Rebers
653:
648:
645:
640:
637:
634:
629:
624:
618:
615:Wolfgang Neuss
612:
609:
604:
601:
599:Maren Kroymann
596:
593:
590:Georg Kreisler
587:
581:
575:
570:
565:
559:
554:
549:
546:
543:Fritz Grünbaum
540:
535:
532:
531:Andreas Giebel
529:
523:
520:
515:
509:
503:
498:
493:
487:
481:
478:
475:
470:
466:
464:
461:
457:Volker Pispers
445:Richard Rogler
344:Tol(l)leranten
297:Kander and Ebb
278:Kurt Tucholsky
274:Claire Waldoff
262:Fritz Grünbaum
202:'s 1897 novel
192:Buntes Theater
148:Rodolphe Salis
131:
128:
90:
87:
83:French cabaret
51:Rodolphe Salis
33:; from French
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1338:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:German humour
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1282:
1281:3-87061-242-8
1278:
1274:
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1267:3-85493-054-2
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1253:3-89785-105-9
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1222:3-88099-311-4
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1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1185:, Zürich 1988
1184:
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1177:
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1170:
1168:
1167:3-86573-262-3
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1153:3-222-12773-5
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1139:3-548-22923-9
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1118:3-476-01448-7
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1104:3-8004-1008-7
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1010:9783577102926
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980:0-271-00928-4
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926:9783826032417
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706:Dirk Stermann
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694:Horst Schroth
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690:Georg Schramm
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603:Frank Lüdecke
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534:Rainald Grebe
533:
530:
527:
526:Egon Friedell
524:
521:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
496:Alfred Dorfer
494:
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473:Jürgen Becker
471:
468:
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422:Herkuleskeule
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282:Erich Kästner
279:
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254:Karl Valentin
251:
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238:German Empire
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112:Kabarettisten
108:
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84:
80:
79:gallows humor
76:
72:
68:
64:
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56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
31:
23:
19:
1301:Kabarettists
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1258:
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1203:
1189:
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1158:
1144:
1143:Fink, Iris:
1130:
1123:
1109:
1095:
1081:
1067:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1026:
1014:. Retrieved
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935:
915:
896:
890:
847:
828:
821:
809:
802:
795:
785:
775:
765:Kom(m)ödchen
763:
753:
743:
666:Hagen Rether
651:Gerhard Polt
643:Erwin Pelzig
639:Rainer Pause
636:Günther Paal
573:Franz Hohler
434:
426:
421:
407:
393:
384:
380:
370:
353:Kom(m)ödchen
351:
343:
333:
323:
315:Werner Finck
300:
290:
269:
258:Wien-München
257:
249:
246:Werner Finck
235:
222:
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208:
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195:
191:
187:
181:
173:
169:
160:
144:Le Chat Noir
141:
94:
92:
59:Le Chat Noir
54:
45:, a form of
34:
21:
20:
18:
1035:(in German)
833: [
729:Bodo Wartke
686:, died 2019
632:Dieter Nuhr
623:, died 1959
617:, died 1989
611:Rolf Miller
592:, died 2011
586:, died 2005
580:, died 2009
564:, died 1942
552:Josef Hader
545:, died 1941
528:, died 1938
514:, died 1971
512:Karl Farkas
508:, died 1944
506:Max Ehrlich
492:, died 2020
486:, died 2007
480:Martin Betz
469:Willy Astor
441:Bruno Jonas
437:Urban Priol
266:Karl Farkas
196:Überbrettl
172:(literally
164:founded in
1290:Categories
1016:24 January
871:References
770:Düsseldorf
721:Max Uthoff
396:Düsseldorf
381:Die Distel
358:Düsseldorf
293:Nazi party
286:Klaus Mann
183:Übermensch
174:Superstage
170:Überbrettl
152:Überbrettl
138:Überbrettl
71:Weimar era
63:Überbrettl
621:Maria Ney
578:Jörg Hube
522:Lisa Fitz
490:Karl Dall
291:When the
250:Katakombe
107:‹See Tfd›
69:. By the
859:See also
607:Uwe Lyko
360:and the
332:and the
330:Cold War
223:kabarett
188:Superman
116:cynicism
110:German:
22:Kabarett
1296:Cabaret
888:(1997)
780:Cologne
758:Dresden
418:Dresden
389:Leipzig
371:In the
309:novel,
302:Cabaret
248:at the
130:History
120:sarcasm
96:cabaret
47:cabaret
35:cabaret
1279:
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1053:(2001)
1007:
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923:
842:Vienna
790:Munich
748:Berlin
404:Berlin
402:, and
400:Munich
377:Berlin
366:Munich
350:, the
340:Berlin
284:, and
213:, the
211:Munich
204:Stilpe
166:Berlin
156:Vienna
39:tavern
852:Mainz
837:]
348:Mainz
270:Simpl
124:irony
43:revue
1277:ISBN
1263:ISBN
1249:ISBN
1228:ISBN
1218:ISBN
1194:ISBN
1163:ISBN
1149:ISBN
1135:ISBN
1114:ISBN
1100:ISBN
1086:ISBN
1072:ISBN
1018:2012
1005:ISBN
975:ISBN
948:ISBN
921:ISBN
816:Bonn
326:Nazi
264:and
122:and
77:and
391:).
387:in
379:'s
373:GDR
364:in
356:in
346:in
209:In
180:'s
1292::
989:^
905:^
879:^
835:de
459:.
451:,
447:,
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