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690:)). Another guest present was not impressed, however, commenting that a person who showed great ability at a young age might not grow up to be especially capable. Kong Rong immediately retorted, "I suppose you were really smart when you were young." Li Ying laughed at this and predicted the child would grow up to be a great man.
577:
A well-known story commonly used to educate children – even in contemporary times – on the values of courtesy and fraternal love involves a four-year-old Kong Rong giving up the larger pears to his older and younger brothers. This story, commonly known as "Kong Rong giving up pears"
705:
during the 180s. Upon taking up office, Kong Rong concentrated on reconstruction of the city and the establishment of schools. He promoted
Confucian studies and provided proper burial for deceased refugees who had no family members to look after their funeral affairs. During this time, he was
976:
gave the Jian'an poems their characteristic solemn yet heart-stirring tone, while lament over the ephemerality of life was also a central theme of works from this period. In the history of
Chinese literature, the Jian'an poems were a transition between early folksongs and scholarly poetry.
770:
respectively) were overthrown due to their desire for women, why don't you ban marriage as well?" Kong Rong was then stripped of his official post but soon reinstated, albeit to a titular position. However, because of his hospitality, his house was always filled with guests.
790:). Despite being very learned, Mi Heng was unconventional and unconstrained. Upon reaching Xuchang, he wrote a prose piece putting down every eminent person there. When asked whom he would consider talented, Mi Heng replied, "First there is Kong Rong, second there is
794:." Kong Rong wanted to recommend Mi Heng to Cao Cao, but Mi put up a rude and arrogant attitude in front of Cao. First, he undressed while playing a drum at a feast hosted by Cao Cao, and criticized Cao loudly outside his doors. Cao Cao eventually sent Mi Heng to
955:
Although he did not meet with much success in politics, Kong Rong was considered a leading literary figure of his time, famed for his prose as well as poetry. Along with six other poets of his time, their poems formed the backbone of what was to be known as the
809:
that Yuan Shao would be extremely difficult to defeat as he had ample food supplies, far superior troop strength and many capable and loyal subjects. However, Cao Cao took advantage of Yuan Shao's weaknesses and eventually defeated him at the
720:, then the Prefect of Pingyuan County. Taishi Ci returned with 3,000 elite troops, whereupon the rebels dispersed. In 195, through Liu Bei's nomination, Kong Rong was further promoted to be the Inspector of Qing Province.
877:
region. Cao Cao then ordered Kong Rong to be executed on various charges including, among others, "plotting a rebellion", "slandering the imperial court" and "disrespecting court protocol". According to the
676:, who received no one but the very eminent and his own relatives. Claiming to be a relative, Kong Rong was brought before Li Ying, who asked how they were related. Kong Rong answered that his ancestor
941:
After Kong Rong was executed along with his entire family, his body was left in the streets. Not a single official who used to be close to him dared to collect the corpses for burial except Zhi Xi (
516:
857:. Thinking that Kong Rong was citing a classic text to praise him, Cao Cao asked about the source, but Kong merely said, "I saw what happened in our day and thought it must have been so."
1335:
1001:. However, most of these were lost and only five survive till this day, two of which are of unverified authenticity. Nine volumes containing Kong Rong's prose under the
926:(覆巢之下，安有完卵), used to describe that when a group suffers, all individuals belonging to it will be affected. An alternate but similar story could also be found in
1122:
indicate that he was 56 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died. However, if his birth year was 151, then he should be 58 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died.
1013:) have also been lost. Those that survive are found in compilations from the Ming and Qing dynasties. These include several epistles that Kong Rong wrote to
1069:
indicate that he was 13 (by East Asian reckoning) when his father Kong Zhou died. On a plaque erected for Kong Zhou, it was recorded that he died in the
566:, a group of representative literati of his time. However, most of his works had been lost. Those that survived can be found in compilations from the
1340:
754:
and the Han central government. When Cao Cao imposed a ban on alcohol due to crop shortage, Kong Rong wrote to him saying, "Since the kings
1185:
994:) that Kong Rong's words cannot sustain discourse and surpassed reasoning, so much so that they almost seem like mere sarcasm or mockery.
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When he grew older, Kong Rong entered the bureaucracy of the
Eastern Han dynasty. He was successively promoted and in 190 was appointed
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947:), who came to Kong Rong's body and cried, "Now you have left me for death, whom could I talk to who would understand me?"
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Kong Rong's literary skills, however, were often thought to be elaborate and empty show without sound content.
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837:. When Kong Rong heard of this, he wrote Cao Cao a letter, falsifying a parallel in ancient history, claiming
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969:
898:), Kong Rong's two eight-year-old sons (a nine-year-old son and a seven-year-old daughter according to the
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to attack Qing
Province. Kong Rong was defeated and his family was captured. He escaped to the capital
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and humiliating him on multiple occasions, Kong Rong was eventually put to death on various charges.
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In 198, Cao Cao was gearing up for an encounter with Yuan Shao along the shores of the
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Famed for his quick wits and elaborate literary style, Kong Rong was ranked among the
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Map showing the major warlords of the Han dynasty in the 190s, including Kong Rong
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when their father was arrested. When others urged them to escape, they answered:
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After Kong Rong's death, Cao Pi collected 25 of his poems and included them in
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746:). During his stay in Xuchang, Kong Rong often opposed policies of the warlord
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in 200. Yuan Shao died two years later, leaving his eldest and youngest sons,
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1201:(2nd ed.). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 27–28.
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1197:. Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies. Vol. 95. Translated by
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646:), Kong Rong showed quick wit from a young age. His father was
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The story of Kong Rong from the
Association for Asian Research
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In 204, Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shang and conquered the city of
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besieged by a remnant Yellow Turban army led by Guan Hai (
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1145:]. Beijing: Zhonghua Publishing House. p. 2261.
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How could there be unbroken eggs under a toppled nest? (
740:, where he was subsequently appointed Minister Steward (
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Shih-shuo Hsin-yü: A New
Account of Tales of the World
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853:, and legendarily blamed for the downfall of the
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606:Kong Rong giving up pears. Portrait at the
1188:(2002) . "2: Speech and Conversation §5".
841:arranged marriage between his brother the
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701:, the area most heavily contested by the
1090:by Yuan Hong and Liu Xie's biography in
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774:During this time Kong Rong befriended
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1265:, Chapter 70, Biography of Kong Rong.
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684:(whose family name was said to be Li(
1341:Political office-holders in Shandong
728:The next year, however, the warlord
555:. For being a political opponent of
1118:, vol.09. Kong Rong's biography in
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880:Spring and Autumn Annals of Wei
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1159:; et al., eds. (1965) . "
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1114:, vol. 30. (壬子，曹操杀太中大夫孔融，夷其族)
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972:. Civil strife towards the
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1174:. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
845:and the beautiful consort
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1346:Seven scholars of Jian'an
1306:3rd-century Chinese poets
1301:2nd-century Chinese poets
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1088:Annals of the Later Han
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1236:(2002).
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128: (
120: (
91:Monarch
81: (
73: (
1257:Fan Ye
1246:
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1157:Fan Ye
1133:Fan Ye
1075:Yan'xi
1071:yi'wei
982:Cao Pi
851:Di Xin
835:Cao Pi
807:Xun Yu
496:, the
470:Tâi-lô
1139:[
1100:month
1096:renzi
906:weiqi
888:) by
861:Death
788:Hunan
784:Hubei
660:) by
640:Anhui
636:Henan
529:Wenju
277:Henan
1244:ISBN
1213:ISSN
1203:ISBN
1194:世說新語
885:魏氏春秋
847:Daji
818:and
786:and
766:and
760:Zhou
758:and
642:and
581:孔融讓梨
572:Qing
570:and
568:Ming
503:Kong
267:Died
257:Qufu
251:Born
220:–196
151:將作大匠
79:–208
57:太中大夫
1170:後漢書
1163:".
1137:後漢書
1102:of
935:劉義慶
778:of
756:Jie
668:司馬彪
657:續漢書
543:of
500:is
411:IPA
313:孔北海
224:196
216:189
212:189
198:北海相
169:196
165:196
83:208
1287::
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1010:隋書
991:典論
944:脂習
895:孫盛
827:Ye
743:少府
709:管亥
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594:.
345:孔融
299:文舉
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104:少府
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