144:
1165:
1175:
1207:. He spent there some years, worshiping his deity, and married his daughter Cherakula Valli Nachiyar to the Srirangam Temple. He also gave away his whole wealth as dowry, built the Chenaivenran Mandapa and repaired the prakara of the temple (which was thereafter called "Kulasekhara Tiruvidi"). He then visited the holy temples of Tiruvenkatam, Tiruvayodhya, Tillai-Chitrakutam, Tirukannapuram, Tirumalirunjolai and Tiruvitruvakkode and finally settled down at Brahmadesam near Tirukkurukur, the birthplace of
1992:
143:
1286:
Mahodayapura-paramesvara or "the Lord of the City of
Makotai". He is known as the author of two Sanskrit plays called "Tapatisamvarana" and "Subhadradhananjaya" and the Sanskrit champu kavya "Ascharya Manjari" (perhaps also the author of the Sanskrit play "Vicchinnabhiseka"). An inscription from Chembra (954/55 AD) also mentions the performance of the play "Tapatisamvarana".
33:
1196:. His piety was so great that on one occasion when the story was being narrated as to how demon king Ravana abducted princess Sita, he at once issued orders to marshal out his army for the invasion of Lanka. In another instance, a minister who felt jealous of the favor showered by the king on
1285:
Kulasekhara Alvar is generally identified with
Kulasekhara Varma, the medieval dramatist from the Chera royal family. Kulasekhara Varma describes himself as the Keralakula-chudamani or "the Crown Jewel of the Chera dynasty", the Keraladhinatha or "the King of the Chera Country" and
1277:, the foster parents, looked after him. Kulasekhara expresses Devaki's desolation at being separated from her child and for union with him. In some poems, Kulasekhara also identifies himself with a gopi in love with god Krishna.
1189:, in the western country, in Kali Era 28 to the Chera ruler Dridhavrata. When the prince came of age, his father abdicated the kingdom and retired from public life, and the new king Kulasekhara ascended the throne.
1125:, says that it was consecrated to the memory of Kulasekhara Perumal (by certain Vasudevan Kesevan of Mullappalli, Malai Mandalam). The earliest known inscription from the temple is dated to c. 1015 AD.
1070:
Vaishnavite traditions describe the Alvar as a king of the Chera royal family of the western coast (Kerala). Scholars identify
Kulasekhara with royal Chera playwright Kulasekhara Varma and
1452:
1689:
1667:
1200:, trumped up on the devotees a false charge. The king vindicated their innocence by inserting his own hand in a pot containing snakes and drawing it out unscathed.
1257:. He identifies himself with several roles in the events of their lives. A devotee of god Rama, he considered the painful experiences of Rama or his aging father
1297:. "Dhananjaya Samvarana Dhvani", or the "Vyangyavyakhya", also mentions king Kulasekhara of Mahodayapuram. Kulasekhara Varma is sometimes identified with king
2055:
1006:
921:
1338:
1261:
to be his own. His devotion was so intense that he worshipped the devotees as forms of Vishnu. In one song, he identifies himself with
869:
2045:
874:
1623:
1348:
981:
2060:
1716:
1650:
1585:
1484:
1215:
1182:
The following is the traditional biography of king
Kulasekhara from sources generally dated to 12th-14th century AD.
1168:
1115:
2070:
1905:
1301:(and as the patron of poet Vasubhatta). This identification is generally found unacceptable on several counts.
2014:
1186:
1706:
1575:
1474:
2075:
1164:
1147:. The inscription describes the construction of a mandapa for god Vishnu and the endowment for a lamp by
1056:
240:
1203:
Kulasekhara later threw off the reigns of kingdom and started out on a pilgrimage to the holy site of
1106:" was recited in Srirangam Temple in 11th century AD. An inscription dated in the 18th regnal year of
2065:
974:
634:
2050:
2040:
1174:
1055:. The Perumal Tirumoli, whose second decade is known as "Tetrarum Tiral", is compiled as a part of
572:
1298:
587:
1785:(1, ed. by K. R. Pisharoti, Annamalai, 2. ed. with commentary by V. V. Sharma, Trivandrum, 1947)
1402:
1970:
1640:
1294:
879:
542:
1898:
1372:
967:
619:
125:
1451:
Veluthat, Kesavan (2004). "Mahodayapuram-Kotunnallur: a
Capital City as a Sacred Centre".
1241:
Kulasekhara Alvar's poems are devotional in nature, being dedicated to the most prominent
1132:(dated in temple era 195) has been dated palaeographically to the 11th or 12th century AD.
520:
8:
1733:
916:
749:
1991:
1955:
1521:
1422:
1089:
1071:
899:
764:
759:
719:
669:
592:
1980:
1950:
1940:
1712:
1646:
1619:
1581:
1513:
1480:
1426:
1344:
1148:
953:
754:
744:
724:
714:
704:
699:
567:
530:
1975:
1745:
1414:
1103:
1040:
624:
557:
510:
460:
381:
104:
2035:
2009:
1930:
1891:
1140:
829:
694:
504:
465:
436:
321:
1227:
1044:
998:
804:
769:
709:
500:
368:
262:
1749:
1688:
Devadevan, Manu V. (2020). "The
Semantic Universe of the Kudiyattam Theatre".
1666:
Devadevan, Manu V. (2020). "The
Semantic Universe of the Kudiyattam Theatre".
2029:
1517:
1418:
1107:
1093:
1075:
819:
514:
470:
455:
411:
297:
282:
1925:
1111:
834:
779:
664:
644:
524:
475:
441:
1560:. Vol. V (II). Trivandrum: Government of Travancore. pp. 105–06.
2004:
1779:(1, ed. by T. A. Gopinatha Rao, Travancore Archaeological Series, II, II)
1311:
1290:
1231:
1197:
1152:
1129:
1122:
1064:
1048:
1029:
1014:
943:
864:
859:
854:
824:
814:
784:
649:
562:
480:
418:
405:
257:
188:
133:
110:
85:
71:
1525:
1501:
1479:. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks. pp. 65–66, 95–96, 383–85 and 436.
1960:
1270:
1258:
1114:, i. e. 1088 AD, mentions the daily recital of "Tetrarum Tiral" in the
948:
911:
884:
639:
629:
534:
400:
395:
292:
220:
1945:
1935:
1208:
1204:
938:
928:
889:
809:
774:
729:
684:
679:
659:
431:
272:
267:
210:
32:
1235:
1052:
894:
799:
794:
734:
689:
582:
577:
425:
230:
53:
1265:, the real mother of Krishna, from whom Krishna was taken away to
1274:
1254:
789:
739:
610:
597:
448:
358:
341:
336:
316:
302:
235:
164:
1914:
1293:
is traditionally associated
Kulasekhara Varma and his courtier
1262:
1246:
1242:
1193:
1033:
1032:
is considered as the Alvar's birthplace, located in modern-day
1021:
1017:
933:
674:
538:
363:
353:
309:
287:
277:
215:
205:
195:
160:
89:
62:
1502:"The Socio-Political Background of Kulasekhara Alvar's Bhakti"
1337:
Karashima, Noboru, ed. (2014). "States in Deccan and Kerala".
1024:
theologian and devotional poet from medieval south India. The
1965:
1266:
1136:
654:
390:
331:
245:
200:
43:
1340:
A Concise
History of South India: Issues and Interpretations
1556:
Ayyar, A. S. Ramanatha, ed. (1925). "Kulasekhara
Perumal".
1454:
South Indian Horizon: Felicitation Volume for François Gros
1250:
904:
326:
225:
168:
1883:
1218:
complex commemorates the daughter of king Kulasekhara.
1856:
K. G. Sesha Iyyer, "Kulasekhara Alvar and his Date",
1837:
Vaisnavism, Saivism and other Minor Religious Systems
1403:"History and Historiography in Constituting a Region"
1457:. École Française D'Extrême-Orient. pp. 471–85.
1226:
Kulasekhara was the author of "Perumal Tirumoli" in
1214:The shrine of Cherakula Valli Nachiyar within the
1074:(ruled 844/45 – c. 870/71 AD), the earliest known
1878:The Contribution of Kerala to Sanskrit Literature
1711:. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks. pp. 24–25.
1602:The Contribution of Kerala to Sanskrit Literature
1128:An inscription in Trikkulasekharapuram Temple in
2027:
1694:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 229–31.
1580:. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks. p. 400.
1899:
1088:Scholars generally identify Kulasekhara with
975:
1734:"Real and Ideal Kings in Matrilineal Kerala"
1343:. Oxford University Press. pp. 146–47.
1211:(where he died at the age of sixty seven).
1906:
1892:
1672:. Cambridge University Press. p. 227.
1638:
1632:
1506:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
982:
968:
142:
31:
2056:People from the Kodungallur Chera kingdom
1849:K. R. Pisharoti, Kulasekharas of Kerala,
1811:New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014.
1704:
1687:
1665:
1573:
1472:
1336:
1221:
1067:is considered as the Alvar's birthplace.
1871:History of Tamil Language and Literature
1830:The Early History of Vaisnavism in India
1499:
1450:
1400:
1173:
1163:
1842:A. S. R. Ayyar, "Kulasekhara Perumal",
1683:
1681:
1679:
1192:Kulasekhara was a great devotee of god
1121:A record from Kulasekhara Alvar Koyil,
2028:
1731:
1135:A 13th century Tamil inscription from
1887:
1691:The 'Early Medieval' Origins of India
1669:The 'Early Medieval' Origins of India
1613:
1569:
1567:
1555:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1370:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1304:
1825:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013.
1698:
1676:
1645:. Abhinav Publications. p. 87.
1604:; University of Madras 1980; page 2.
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1280:
1797:(Trivandrum Sanskrit Series No. 13)
1791:(Trivandrum Sanskrit Series No. 11)
1659:
1639:Varadpande, Manohar Laxman (1982).
1618:. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications.
1594:
1013:9th century CE), one of the twelve
13:
1760:
1564:
1461:
1433:
1325:
1310:The name of the British rock band
1149:Rayiran Chiriyan Kulasekhara Nampi
14:
2087:
1844:Travancore Archaeological Series,
1809:A Concise History of South India.
1532:
1383:
1373:"South Asian Arts: Bhakti Poetry"
1357:
1990:
1558:Travancore Archaeological Series
2046:Sri Vaishnava religious leaders
1725:
1607:
1866:Volume I (Trivandrum, 1928–32)
1818:(Madras, revised 2nd ed. 1955)
1493:
16:Sri Vaishnava religious leader
1:
1801:
1769:(ed. by M. Raghava Aiyangar,
1705:Narayanan, M. G. S. (2013) .
1574:Narayanan, M. G. S. (2013) .
1473:Narayanan, M. G. S. (2013) .
70:Trikkulasekharapuram Temple,
1858:Indian Historical Quarterly,
1851:Indian Historical Quarterly,
1314:was inspired by Kulasekhara.
1159:
1143:is prefaced by a sloka from
7:
2061:9th-century Indian monarchs
1732:Vielle, Christophe (2012).
1614:V. K., Subramanian (2007).
1407:Studies in People's History
1178:Trikkulasekharapuram Temple
1061:Trikkulasekharapuram Temple
1026:Trikkulasekharapuram Temple
10:
2092:
1913:
1500:Veluthat, Kesavan (1977).
1401:Veluthat, Kesavan (2018).
1083:
2000:
1987:
1921:
1057:Nalayira Divya Prabandham
96:
79:
59:
49:
42:
30:
23:
1814:K. A. Nilakanta Sastri,
1807:Noburu Karashima (ed.),
1642:Krishna Theatre In India
1419:10.1177/2348448918759852
1318:
1185:Kulasekhara was born at
2071:Kodungallur Chera kings
1771:Ceraventar Ceyyutkovai,
1750:10.1558/rosa.v5i1/2.365
1738:Religions of South Asia
1377:Encyclopedia Britannica
1090:Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara
1072:Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara
1864:Kerala Society Papers,
1289:The art-form known as
1222:Literary contributions
1179:
1171:
37:Depiction of the Alvar
1971:Thondaradippodi Alvar
1177:
1167:
1092:, the earliest known
1039:He was the author of
86:Vaishnavite tradition
1821:M. G. S. Narayanan,
1616:101 Mystics of India
1823:Perumals of Kerala.
1600:Raja, K. Kunjunni,
750:Satyabhinava Tirtha
2076:Tamil Hindu saints
1835:R. G. Bhandarkar,
1708:Perumāḷs of Kerala
1577:Perumāḷs of Kerala
1476:Perumāḷs of Kerala
1305:In popular culture
1180:
1172:
1155:in Malai Mandalam.
1153:Makotayar Pattanam
1102:It is known that "
848:Related traditions
765:Satyadhyana Tirtha
760:Satyadharma Tirtha
720:Raghavendra Tirtha
670:Manavala Mamunigal
593:Vaishnava-Sahajiya
81:Tradition or genre
2023:
2022:
1981:Thirumangai Alvar
1956:Kulasekhara Alvar
1951:Madhurakavi Alvar
1941:Tirumalisai Alvar
1773:Trivandrum, 1951)
1625:978-81-7017-471-4
1371:Ramanujan, A. K.
1350:978-0-19-809977-2
1299:Rama Kulashekhara
1281:Kulasekhara Varma
992:
991:
755:Satyabodha Tirtha
745:Satyanatha Tirtha
715:Raghuttama Tirtha
705:Pillai Lokacharya
700:Padmanabha Tirtha
612:Teachers—acharyas
543:Acintyabhedabheda
182:Important deities
119:
118:
50:Venerated in
2083:
2066:Vaishnava saints
1994:
1976:Thiruppaan Alvar
1908:
1901:
1894:
1885:
1884:
1828:S. K. Aiyengar,
1795:Subhadradhanjaya
1767:Perumal Tirumoli
1754:
1753:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1674:
1673:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1611:
1605:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1553:
1530:
1529:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1470:
1459:
1458:
1448:
1431:
1430:
1398:
1381:
1380:
1368:
1355:
1354:
1334:
1216:Srirangam Temple
1169:Srirangam Temple
1116:Srirangam Temple
1104:Perumal Tirumoli
1041:Perumal Tirumoli
1009:: Kulaśekhara) (
984:
977:
970:
849:
613:
558:Ekasarana Dharma
495:
384:
183:
155:
146:
136:
121:
120:
105:Perumal Tirumoli
99:
65:
35:
21:
20:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2051:Medieval Kerala
2041:Bhakti movement
2026:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2010:Divya Prabandha
1996:
1995:
1985:
1931:Bhoothath Alvar
1917:
1912:
1804:
1789:Tapatisamvarana
1763:
1761:Further reading
1758:
1757:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1703:
1699:
1686:
1677:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1612:
1608:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1572:
1565:
1554:
1533:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1471:
1462:
1449:
1434:
1399:
1384:
1369:
1358:
1351:
1335:
1326:
1321:
1307:
1283:
1224:
1162:
1096:king of Kerala.
1086:
1078:king of Kerala.
988:
959:
958:
850:
847:
840:
839:
830:Vadiraja Tirtha
695:Srinivasacharya
615:
611:
603:
602:
505:Vishishtadvaita
496:
493:
486:
485:
437:Divya Prabandha
386:
383:Holy scriptures
382:
374:
373:
184:
181:
174:
173:
156:
153:
134:
97:
82:
60:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2089:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2015:Mangalasasanam
2012:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1880:(Madras, 1958)
1874:
1873:(Madras, 1956)
1869:S. V. Pillai,
1867:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1839:(Poona, 1913).
1833:
1832:(Madras, 1920)
1826:
1819:
1812:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
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1724:
1717:
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1356:
1349:
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1119:
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851:
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837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
805:Vedanta Desika
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
770:Samarth Ramdas
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
710:Purandara Dasa
707:
702:
697:
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687:
682:
677:
672:
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657:
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575:
573:Radha Vallabha
570:
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263:Guruvayurappan
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2016:
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1787:
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1764:
1751:
1747:
1744:(1): 369–70.
1743:
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1720:
1718:9788188765072
1714:
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1587:9788188765072
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1094:Chera Perumal
1091:
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1076:Chera Perumal
1073:
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820:Viṭṭhalanātha
818:
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412:Bhagavad Gita
409:
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298:Venkateshvara
296:
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283:Nara-Narayana
281:
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154:Supreme deity
150:
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34:
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22:
19:
2005:Divya Desams
1926:Poigai Alvar
1877:
1876:K. K. Raja,
1870:
1863:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1794:
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1410:
1406:
1376:
1339:
1288:
1284:
1240:
1225:
1213:
1202:
1198:Vaishnavites
1191:
1184:
1181:
1144:
1112:Kulottunga I
1097:
1087:
1079:
1069:
1060:
1037:
1025:
1010:
1002:
994:
993:
890:Jagannathism
835:Yamunacharya
780:Swaminarayan
665:Madhvacharya
645:Jiva Goswami
588:Swaminarayan
550:
525:Dvaitadvaita
515:Śuddhādvaita
442:Gita Govinda
424:
417:
410:
18:
1846:Volume, II.
1783:Mukundamala
1777:Mukundamala
1512:: 137–145.
1312:Kula Shaker
1232:Mukundamala
1209:Namma Alvar
1145:Mukundamala
1130:Kodungallur
1123:Mannarkoyil
1065:Kodungallur
1049:Mukundamala
1030:Kodungallur
1015:Vaishnavite
995:Kulasekhara
944:Kabir panth
865:Pancharatra
860:Vaikhanasas
855:Bhagavatism
825:Vyasatirtha
815:Vishnuswami
785:Sripadaraja
625:Chakradhara
563:Mahanubhava
494:Sampradayas
419:Mahabharata
406:Pancharatra
258:Dhanvantari
252:Other forms
189:Dashavatara
135:Vaishnavism
111:Mukundamala
98:Major works
72:Kodungallur
25:Kulasekhara
2030:Categories
1961:Periyalvar
1802:References
1291:Kudiyattam
949:Dadu panth
912:Pushtimarg
885:Krishnaism
725:Ram Charan
650:Jñāneśvara
640:Jayatirtha
630:Dadu Dayal
535:Tattvavada
401:Vaikhanasa
396:Upanishads
293:Shrinathji
221:Parasurama
113:(Sanskrit)
1946:Nammalvar
1936:Pey Alvar
1816:The Colas
1518:2249-1937
1427:166060066
1413:: 13–31.
1259:Dasaratha
1205:Srirangam
1160:Biography
1003:குலசேகரர்
929:Ramanandi
880:Munitraya
875:Vadakalai
810:Vidyapati
775:Sankardev
730:Ramananda
685:Nathamuni
680:Nammalvar
660:Madhavdev
635:Harivansh
620:Chaitanya
461:Bhagavata
432:Harivamsa
273:Jagannath
268:Hayagriva
211:Narasimha
1526:44139063
1243:avataras
1236:Sanskrit
1141:Mandalay
1053:Sanskrit
1020:, was a
900:Sahajiya
895:Haridasa
870:Tenkalai
800:Vallabha
795:Tulsidas
735:Ramanuja
690:Nimbarka
675:Namadeva
583:Sant Mat
578:Ramsnehi
466:Naradiya
426:Ramayana
310:Consorts
231:Balarama
126:a series
124:Part of
54:Hinduism
1255:Krishna
1245:of god
1084:Sources
1036:region.
954:Mahanam
939:Balmiki
917:Gaudiya
790:Tukaram
740:Ravidas
598:Warkari
568:Pranami
449:Puranas
359:Hanuman
348:Related
342:Alamelu
337:Rukmini
317:Lakshmi
303:Vithoba
236:Krishna
165:Krishna
107:(Tamil)
2036:Alvars
1915:Alvars
1715:
1649:
1622:
1584:
1524:
1516:
1483:
1425:
1347:
1275:Yasoda
1269:where
1267:Gokula
1263:Devaki
1247:Vishnu
1194:Vishnu
1187:Vanchi
1059:. The
1034:Kerala
1022:bhakti
1018:alvars
934:Kapadi
922:ISKCON
551:Others
539:Dvaita
531:Brahma
521:Kumara
471:Garuda
456:Vishnu
369:Shasta
364:Shesha
354:Garuda
288:Prithu
278:Mohini
241:Buddha
216:Vamana
206:Varaha
196:Matsya
161:Vishnu
90:Bhakti
63:shrine
61:Major
1966:Andal
1522:JSTOR
1423:S2CID
1319:Notes
1295:Tolan
1271:Nanda
1234:" in
1230:and "
1228:Tamil
1151:from
1137:Bagan
1110:king
1108:Chola
1051:" in
1047:and "
1045:Tamil
999:Tamil
655:Kabir
511:Rudra
476:Padma
391:Vedas
332:Radha
322:Bhumi
246:Kalki
201:Kurma
44:Alvar
1860:VII.
1853:VII.
1713:ISBN
1647:ISBN
1620:ISBN
1582:ISBN
1514:ISSN
1481:ISBN
1345:ISBN
1273:and
1253:and
1251:Rama
1007:IAST
905:Baul
541:)),
537:or (
481:Agni
327:Sita
226:Rama
169:Rama
1746:doi
1415:doi
1139:in
1063:in
1043:in
1028:in
1011:fl.
501:Sri
2032::
1740:.
1736:.
1678:^
1566:^
1534:^
1520:.
1510:38
1508:.
1504:.
1463:^
1435:^
1421:.
1409:.
1405:.
1385:^
1375:.
1359:^
1327:^
1249:-
1238:.
1005:;
1001::
167:/
163:/
128:on
1907:e
1900:t
1893:v
1752:.
1748::
1742:5
1721:.
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1628:.
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1528:.
1489:.
1429:.
1417::
1411:5
1379:.
1353:.
1118:.
997:(
983:e
976:t
969:v
545:)
533:(
527:)
523:(
517:)
513:(
507:)
503:(
92:)
88:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
