973:
registry no later than 6 pm on the 48th day before the election. This deadline can be shortened by resolution of the parliament. Parties that are not in the state parliament or have not been nominated to the
Bundestag from North Rhine-Westphalia in the last electoral period must submit at least 1000 signatures from legal voters in support of the party. For district nominations, both parties as well as non-party potential candidates must submit at least 100 signatures from registered votes in support of their candidacy in the electoral district. Each voter is only allowed to support a single nomination, and a nomination is only permitted to name a single candidate, whose name must be the same as it is listed on the party list. Nominations from parties and electoral groups must be decided by secret ballot of their members or by delegates selected likewise by secret ballot; however the state leaderships of the parties have a unique right to appeal the decision of these nominations. If such an appeal is filed, the process must be repeated to either confirm the candidate or to select a new one. Through this rule, the leadership of the
124:
351:, and to those who will be directly affected by the bill's passage. The specific parliamentary committees will then pass the reformulated bill with recommended decisions back to the parliament at large for a second reading. At this stage, members of parliament again make suggestions regarding the bill. Each member has the ability to make suggestions to change the bill, and afterwards, the assembly will vote on each proposed amendment individually before finally voting on the entire bill. Bills are enacted by majority vote, as the constitution does not require any more stringent criteria for passage. The parliament operates by a quorum decision-making process, meaning that only half of its legal members must be present.
1075:
1105:
election must take place within the last three months of the term. Each new parliament convenes for the first time within 20 days of the election, but not before the end of term for the outgoing parliament. Parliament can be dissolved by a majority vote of its members, and this occurred for the first time on 14 March 2012. The state government has never dissolved parliament since before this could happen, the electorate would have to approve a bill through referendum that the state government had proposed and that the parliament had already rejected. In all cases, new elections must take place within 60 days of the dissolution of parliament.
529:
225:
1151:
454:
318:
1188:
1624:
429:, which requires a majority of dissenting votes. As of 2013, there have been two successful votes of no confidence on the State Parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia (the first on 20 February 1956 and the second on 8 December 1966). Parliament has no direct influence on the appointment or dismissal of other state ministers, who (together with the Minister-President) make up the government. A vote of no confidence dissolves the government and therefore automatically dismisses all state ministers.
1020:
37:
940:
rolls 35 days before the election and the eligibility cut-off 16 days before the election, they need to assert their right to vote by appealing to the voter registry in their new community. Those who wish to stand for office must be a registered resident of North Rhine-Westphalia for at least three months prior to the election. The state has 17,554,329 residents (as of 31 December 2012), of which about 13.2 million citizens have the right to vote.
1062:, in order to establish a proportional allocation of seats; the size of parliament, therefore, is not fixed, but rather expands in relation to the number of overhang and leveling seats. In theory, several parties can have overhang seats at the same time, though this has not yet occurred. Of course, this scheme for adding seats can lead to an expansion of parliament to a size larger than is necessary to produce proportional representation.
2258:
412:") in a secret election that requires at least half of parliament's legally-seated members to vote in favor. Therefore, the Minister-President must always first be a member of parliament. If a majority of affirmative votes is not reached in the first vote, a second (and possibly third) vote is held within 14 days, with whoever winning a simple majority becoming Minister-President. If no such majority results, a
1577:
1566:
1487:
1466:
1455:
1426:
1415:
1386:
1375:
1345:
1334:
1295:
1266:
1255:
886:
499:. The number of representatives of each party present in the Federal Convention is dependent on how many representatives belonging to that party are in the state parliament. Based on population statistics, North Rhine-Westphalia is responsible for about a fifth of the members of the Federal Convention. Roughly half of these individuals are, by virtue of their membership in the federal parliament (
1542:
1522:
1498:
1306:
1166:, with 7.8% of the popular vote, captured 20 seats. The SPD won 99 seats, while the CDU managed to pick up 67. This marked the first time in 12 years that the SPD won the largest percentage of votes, and it marked a transition of their minority coalition with the Greens to one with a legislative majority. The following table details the results:
388:. Indeed, while the Federal Reforms of 2006 more clearly defined the legal authorities of both federal and state governments, especially with regards to each other, it has also led to greater legislative activity by the federal government in many areas, which has in turn narrowed the field of authority possessed by the states. The
861:
Constitution of North Rhine
Westphalia, which states: "The incumbent remains in office until a new Parliament President is elected." However, because she was no longer a member of the parliament, her term as Parliament President ended that day. The leadership of parliament was held from then until 13 July 2010 by first deputy
441:. The Minister-President, in most cases, puts the government together with people from the coalition parties. In practice, the election of a Minister-President leads to a stable government with a clear majority that can exert considerable influence over the legislative process and thus pursue its own legislative agenda.
1688:
In the most recent legislative period (which elected the 16th
Parliament of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia), the proportion of female deputies in parliament was nearly 30%. After falling during recent election periods, this percentage increased slightly over the 15th Parliament, which was 27.07%
1091:
Through resignation, loss of eligibility, or death, outgoing members of parliament will be replaced, regardless of whether they were elected by direct mandate or through the lists, by the next person on the party list who has not yet taken office (for instance, if ten of eleven people on a party list
1006:
should represent all the residents of the electoral district, but in practice, their party membership plays a paramount role in their work in parliament. When a party receives more candidates by direct vote (the first vote) than they would be entitled to through the party list vote (the second vote),
355:
and the budget must go through the advisory process three times, instead of the standard two. For any proposed legislature, a third reading, deliberation, or committee counseling can be requested either by a party or by at least a quarter of the assembly. The
President of the Parliament delivers each
1095:
For the loss of a seat as a result of the banning of a party, it is necessary to distinguish between representatives who were elected directly from an electoral district, versus those who were elected from the lists. In the case of a direct mandate, a new election takes place in which the individual
1082:
The left column of the ballot is designated for the first vote, which is for a direct candidate, and the right column is for the second vote, which is for a party list. The order of the parties depends first on the number of votes achieved by each party in the last state election. These are followed
461:
Compared to the state government, the state parliament has extensive powers. It can call members of government in for questioning before parliament, and it has the power to approve the state budget proposed by the government. Parliament also votes on closed states contracts. And, as mentioned above,
444:
Though the electorate does not vote directly for the
Minister-President, the selected person is generally a dominant figure in the state political system, and since the larger parties declare their lead candidate before the election, voting for a particular party means voting in favor of having that
341:
or a group of at least seven members of parliament. Additionally, the state government itself can bring relevant bill proposals to parliament for consideration. In practice, most bill proposals originate from the government. These generally are detailed proposals submitted in writing. They are first
1128:
Until 2005, the voting system in North Rhine-Westphalia was quite distinct from both the federal system and those found in the other states of
Germany. While federal elections had already instituted the two vote system discussed above, North Rhine-Westphalia voters only had one vote to cast for the
1104:
The parliament elected in 1947 only had a term of three years. The constitution from 1950 then established a four-year term for members of parliament, which was extended to five years in 1969. The term for each parliament member begins at the first session of parliament, and a regular parliamentary
1053:
With about 70% of their parliament members elected by direct mandate, North Rhine-Westphalia has the highest proportion of directly elected members of any state in
Germany (with most of the others, as well as in the Federal Parliament, having only around 50% of their members elected directly). This
1034:
when the voter's first vote is cast for a successful candidate who did not stand for election as a member of a party and is therefore not on a party list. These votes are disregarded because they would allow a voter both to elect a candidate directly and to vote for a separate group of politicians,
939:
All
Germans who have reached the age of 18, who live in North Rhine-Westphalia at least 16 days before the election, and who are not excluded from voting due to court decision are eligible to vote in the state parliamentary elections. If they have moved to the state between closing of the electoral
346:
open to all members of parliament, before being given over to a specific committee (or sometimes more than one) that is organized around a relevant subject matter and will therefore provide specific counseling on the matter. If necessary, the bill proposal will also be delivered to external experts
511:
The majority of work by the parliament takes place in committees, rather than in plenary sessions (which include all parliament members). In general, members of the state parliament are career politicians and sit together according to what party they belong to. At the beginning of each legislative
972:
Nominations for the election in each electoral district can come from parties, vote groups, and individual voters. Party lists can only be put up for a vote by the parties themselves. Nominations for individual candidates, as well as for party lists, must be submitted to the district's election
860:
After the parliament election on 9 May 2010, the election of the new
President of the Parliament did not occur until 13 July 2010. At an inaugural meeting on 9 June 2010, the outgoing President Regina van Dinther would have continued in her position, according to article 38, paragraph 2 of the
371:
are similar to bill proposals from parliament and the state government in that they can be submitted by the people to parliament to undergo the same legislative process. If parliament rejects the referendum, then a plebiscite is undertaken in which the people at large can vote. A successful
993:
The first vote that each voter casts is for a direct candidate to represent one of the 128 electoral districts. The winner of this vote enters the state parliament regardless of how the second vote (for the party list) turns out. Since 1954 only candidates from the two biggest parties, the
1113:
After the election in 2005, parliament shrank from 201 regular members to 181, after the electoral districts were reduced from 151 to 128, and the list-elected members were increased from 50 to 53. (Of course, due to overhang and leveling seats, parliament still has over 200 members.)
1045:
Since the founding of the country, direct mandates have only gone to candidates of parties that received more than 5% of the votes. In addition to the 181 seats filled by the first vote, the remaining seats are divided based on the results of the second vote, using the
1129:
candidate of their choice in their electoral district. These votes then were also counted for the list of the candidate's political party and were used to divide the seats not apportioned to particular electoral districts. This disadvantaged certain parties, such as
416:
between two nominees takes place. The winner of this vote then becomes
Minister-President. Abstentions and invalid votes do not count as votes cast. Thus far, the Minister-President has always been approved in the first vote, with the exceptions of the reelection of
356:
ratified law to the Minister-President, who signs and disseminates it as part of her duties as head of state for North Rhine-Westphalia. The law enters into force after it is written in the Law and Ordinance Record for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (
479:) to terms of six years each. Altogether this court has seven members. The long term of office, which is staggered so that each judge will not face reelection at the same time, ensures that parliament cannot place undue pressure on the court through
1092:
are sent to parliament, but one of those ten resigns, then the eleventh person who did not get elected will take his place). For members who were elected directly and do not belong to a party list, a special election is held.
931:. Each voter has two votes. The first vote is cast directly for a candidate to represent a specific district. The second vote is for a party and largely determines the relative size of each party's bloc in the new parliament.
568:), who is chosen from among the ranks of parliament. In general, the President of the Parliament comes from the largest constituent political party in the government. The following individuals have been Parliament President:
1137:(only in 78 districts), since they could not field candidates in every district, and thus did not have the same number of potential voters for their lists. The introduction of the second vote in May 2010 changed all that.
325:
The State Parliament is the central legislative body of the state. It establishes or changes laws that fall within its legislative authority, which includes the regulation of education, police matters, and municipal law.
436:
is formed in most cases between several parties whose members together make up a majority of parliament and who can, therefore, easily elect an agreed upon Minister-President. Occasionally the governing coalition is a
1647:
as coalition leader, and during the period of SPD rule from 1966 until 2005, they were the largest party in parliament during two election periods. They could not, however, organize a coalition either time. The
372:
plebiscite leads to the referendum being passed as law. A plebiscite can also be enacted at the request of the government, if parliament fails to pass one of their proposed bills. In practice, this form of
1714:
As in previous election periods, the state party leaders are entirely male. For two parties (the Pirate Party and the Greens), the management of the parties' parliamentary groups is in the hands of women.
466:
controls the use of state funds by all state governmental bodies. This court likewise controls the finances of the parliament, but it also reports to parliament, which elects the court's highest members.
1065:
From 1985 until 2012 (with the exception of the 2010 elections), every parliamentary election had overhang seats so that parliament routinely had more representatives than the minimum number necessary.
964:). The division of the state into electoral districts is only relevant to the direct election of candidates with the first vote (as opposed to the second vote, which is specifically for party lists).
1729:
The following table compares the percentage of women in parliament from each party in the current parliament term and the previous one. Figures from the previous term are denoted by parentheses:
1643:, the CDU lead the government from 1947 until 1956 (the longest period that the CDU has been in power in the state). They again held the position of President-Minister from 1958 until 1966 under
1096:
who lost his seat is not eligible to run. Regarding those elected from lists, the representative in question will only be replaced if they were elected as part of an unconstitutional party.
2016:
NRW-Einwohnerzahl auf 17,6 Millionen gestiegen. Landesbetrieb Information und Technik Nordrhein-Westfalen (IT.NRW) – Geschäftsbereich Statistik -, accessed 30 July 2013 (Press release).
2127:
1889:
1050:
and excluding those ruled out by the above listed rules. These seats are distributed to candidates among the winning parties in the order that they were listed in the party list.
396:, the states have no direct contact with the European Union. However, through the Bundesrat, each state has a direct say in national matters, including those that involve the EU.
2185:
2098:
1962:
1909:
751:
639:
2212:
1027:
For the distribution of seats for each party, the second vote is of particular significance. In an effort to balance representation, the second vote is not counted when:
1711:
The leadership of the 16th Parliament is once again led by a woman, namely the newly elected President of Parliament Carina Gödecke, who replaced Eckhard Uhlenberg.
952:
differs more than 20% from the average size, new borders are drawn up. Each electoral district is calculated to contain roughly 140,000 residents. In practice, each
1610:
655:
445:
lead candidate be in the running for President-Minister. The lead candidate for smaller coalition parties are regularly included in the government as ministers.
556:
703:
671:
2001:
405:
296:
284:
544:
767:
687:
2046:
392:
likewise has a strong influence on the passage of laws at the national level. Other than the direct participation of the state President-Ministers in the
1158:
In the 2012 state election, which brought to power the 16th Parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia, parliament was again made up of five parties. However,
1054:
means that a party often gets more seats to represent specific electoral districts than they are entitled to based on party list votes, which results in
801:
719:
817:
1986:
2439:
1977:
Artikel 38 Abs. 2 Verfassung für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen: "Bis zur Wahl des neuen Präsidiums führt das bisherige Präsidium die Geschäfte weiter."
384:
The authority of the state parliament in numerous legal areas has waned in the last few decades. This is due to the overriding legal authority of the
870:
735:
2390:
425:
on 14 July 2010, both of whom were elected in the second round of voting. The removal of the Minister-President is possible at any time through a
866:
586:
550:
2239:
2449:
2444:
2170:
2135:
2082:
549:
547:
2217:
2434:
2270:
2178:
2106:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1657:
1649:
1193:
1181:
982:
306:
211:
1959:
543:
546:
541:
2429:
928:
520:), which is essentially a board to help with managerial issues. It is also during this period that committee seats are filled.
1948:
995:
974:
503:, already members of the Federal Convention. The state parliament fills all those seats designated to the state that remain.
288:
147:
99:
1632:
545:
540:
1697:
1276:
1652:
led for the first time in decades their return to power over the SPD, who nevertheless maintained their domination in the
1635:, and was not replaced by a democratically elected body until 1947. Until 2005, the state was a stronghold of the SPD and
1117:
The method to divide the seats based on votes for the parties (the second vote) also changed in 2005, switching from the
551:
1693:
1235:
999:
280:
173:
552:
516:, which is headed by the President of the Parliament (distinct from the Minister-President), and a Council of Elders (
2323:
2232:
1083:
by parties running for the first time, listed in the order that they registered with the state electoral commission.
1074:
548:
2193:
2155:
956:(somewhat similar to county) is broken up into several overlapping electoral districts (with the exception of the
554:
2333:
1701:
1661:
1355:
1159:
1130:
182:
123:
2283:
553:
2040:
2067:
1122:
542:
2353:
404:
As stated in Article 51 of the State Constitution, the State Parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia elects the
915:, equal, direct, secret, and free vote. Parliament has at least 181 members. Additionally, the inclusion of
889:
Diagram of the state election process. The election process in North Rhine-Westphalia basically follows the
2247:
2225:
496:
1928:
Wolfgang Löwer, Peter J. Tettinger: Kommentar zur Verfassung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, 2002, S. 815
1134:
1040:
908:
890:
2293:
1669:
1315:
1639:, with each President-Minister between 1966 and 2005 coming from that party. Under the leadership of
2303:
475:
Parliament elects four members of the Constitutional Court for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (
2348:
1118:
352:
2318:
1949:
Plenarprotokoll der konstituierenden Sitzung des 14. Landtags von Nordrhein-Westfalen 8 June 2005
1692:
The Greens have the highest percentage of women in parliament, at 51.7%, which is well above the
426:
191:
224:
2298:
1171:
528:
368:
292:
264:
156:
1047:
137:
1660:, but remained a strong force in parliament. Because they could not form a majority with the
480:
343:
1689:
female, but was lower than both the 14th Parliament (31.02%), as well as the 13th (32.47%).
2358:
2025:
1705:
1396:
1163:
1003:
953:
948:
The state is divided into 128 electoral districts of approximately equal population. If an
492:
462:
parliament has the power to dissolve the government through a motion of no confidence. The
393:
1150:
957:
873:(FDP). The delay of the election on 9 June 2010 was criticized as "parliamentary suicide".
8:
2376:
2338:
1673:
1162:
fell below the 5% threshold and was forced to give up its seats in parliament, while the
1002:, have been selected through the direct first vote. Theoretically, this directly elected
500:
438:
385:
338:
272:
2308:
2288:
1436:
949:
924:
912:
453:
287:
and the administration of the government. The current government is a coalition of the
1937:
1723:
2343:
2252:
1023:
Plenary Chamber (before its renovation in 2012). The view is of the SPD seating area.
2313:
1636:
413:
373:
317:
283:. In addition to passing of laws, its most important tasks are the election of the
2181:
Statistik über den Frauenanteil im Landtag der 15. Wahlperiode. Stand: 09.06.2010.
2130:
Statistik über den Frauenanteil im Landtag der 14. Wahlperiode. Stand: 12.03.2010.
2101:
Statistik über den Frauenanteil im Landtag der 15. Wahlperiode. Stand: 09.06.2010.
1722:
marks the first time ever that a woman has headed the state government. Likewise,
1627:
State elections and administrations in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, since 1946
2371:
2189:
2071:
2050:
1966:
1719:
1677:
1665:
1631:
The first parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia was actually appointed during the
1187:
961:
422:
907:
The Parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia is elected by a system of personalized
299:
16:
State parliament (Landtag) of the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia
1850:(Figures from the website of the State Parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia.))
463:
389:
865:(SPD), who also was no longer a member of parliament, and the Vice-Presidents
833:
95:
2423:
2405:
2392:
1623:
1059:
1055:
1008:
920:
916:
622:
495:
at its own discretion, parliament elects the state's representatives to the
268:
1644:
483:. This is meant to strengthen the independence of the judges on the court.
418:
348:
1914:
1640:
1019:
862:
784:
604:
532:
276:
334:
1031:
The party voted for receives less than 5% of the valid votes cast, and
977:
successfully opposed a candidate in one of the electoral districts of
923:
is possible. 128 members are elected by a direct mandate to represent
1078:
Ballot for the electoral district of Herford II, in the 2010 election
433:
2061:
1273:
885:
1680:(SPD), who was elected to the position with support from the Left.
36:
1890:
List of members of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia 2017-2022
1232:
2248:
978:
259:
57:
927:. The remaining seats are allocated to candidates who appear on
486:
2004:
Landtag in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Selbstentleibung in Düsseldorf.
1989:
Informationen. Fortführung der Präsidiumsaufgaben (11.06.2010).
1352:
1910:"Wüst re-elected Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia"
1204:
539:
358:
Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen
1035:
effectively letting the voter elect more than one candidate.
238:
1653:
1312:
491:
While the state government appoints representatives to the
432:
Provided that no single party wins an absolute majority, a
1526:
477:
Verfassungsgerichtshof für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen
379:
376:
does not play a large role in the legislative process.
1014:
2026:
Wahlrecht.de (Hrsg.), Wilko Zicht, Martin Fehndrich:
1611:
Die Landeswahlleiterin des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen
1683:
1393:
470:
1433:
399:
1282:Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands - CDU
321:The State Parliament's position in the government
2421:
1133:(with candidates only in 116 districts) and the
988:
1086:
2173:Verteilung der Geschlechter im 16. Landtag NRW
2085:Verteilung der Geschlechter im 16. Landtag NRW
564:is headed by the President of the Parliament (
523:
2233:
1708:, whose representatives are only 15% female.
1704:, at 18.2%. At the bottom of the list is the
487:Election of members to the Federal Convention
1668:under a CDU Minister-President, the SPD and
448:
406:Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia
363:
1108:
891:election process for the federal government
2240:
2226:
1885:2017 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1880:2012 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1875:2010 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1870:2005 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1865:2000 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
1860:1995 North Rhine-Westphalia state election
337:can be brought before the parliament by a
281:political system of North Rhine-Westphalia
223:
1618:
1058:. In this case, the other parties obtain
271:, in the eastern part of the district of
267:, which convenes in the state capital of
1622:
1210:
1207:
1149:
1073:
1018:
1007:the extra candidates are said to occupy
884:
527:
452:
316:
1664:and after the SPD rejected offers of a
1656:. The CDU suffered heavy losses in the
1608:
1548:
1530:
1504:
1241:Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
911:. Parliament members are selected by a
2440:Buildings and structures in Düsseldorf
2422:
2041:Innenministerium Nordrhein-Westfalen:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1170:Summary of the 13 May 2012 Landtag of
943:
329:
41:Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia Logo
2221:
1726:remains a Deputy Minister-President.
421:on 25 July 1966 and the election of
380:Limitations of legislative authority
1140:
1015:Distribution of seats in parliament
512:period, parliament members elect a
13:
2435:Politics of North Rhine-Westphalia
1960:Artikel auf www.wdr.de 9 June 2010
1236:Social Democratic Party of Germany
934:
854:
14:
2461:
2450:Tourist attractions in Düsseldorf
2445:Organisations based in Düsseldorf
2206:
1684:Proportion of women in parliament
1633:British occupation following WWII
471:Election of constitutional judges
263:) of the German federal state of
255:Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
23:Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
2256:
1938:Artikel im Spiegel 1 August 1966
1576:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1540:
1520:
1496:
1486:
1485:
1465:
1464:
1454:
1453:
1425:
1424:
1414:
1413:
1385:
1384:
1374:
1373:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1332:
1304:
1294:
1293:
1265:
1264:
1254:
1253:
1186:
342:read and heavily discussed in a
275:. The parliament is the central
122:
35:
2164:
2149:
2120:
2091:
2076:
2055:
2034:
2028:Wahlsystem Nordrhein-Westfalen.
2019:
2010:
1650:2005 state parliament elections
1145:
983:parliamentary elections of 2005
954:political district of the state
506:
400:Election of Minister-Presidents
285:Minister-President of the state
2062:Innenministerium NRW (Hrsg.):
1995:
1980:
1971:
1953:
1942:
1931:
1922:
1902:
1718:Additionally, the election of
1541:
1521:
1497:
1305:
967:
312:
1:
2430:State legislatures of Germany
2064:Reform des Landtagswahlrechts
1895:
1696:, which is 33.3% female, the
1473:
989:Election of direct candidates
1087:Replacing individual members
386:federal government in Berlin
339:parliamentary group (caucus)
295:, supporting the cabinet of
7:
1853:
1135:Ecological Democratic Party
1041:Electoral system of Germany
909:proportional representation
902:
897:
524:President of the parliament
309:took place on 15 May 2022.
28:Landtag Nordrhein-Westfalen
10:
2466:
2006:In: FAZ.net. 11 June 2010.
1918:(in German). 28 June 2022.
1475:
1361:Freie Demokratische Partei
1277:Christian Democratic Union
1038:
880:
2367:
2279:
2266:
1676:under Minister-President
1604:
1584:
1435:
1402:Piratenpartei Deutschland
1395:
1354:
1314:
1275:
1234:
1154:Results by district, 2012
1069:
579:
449:Control of the government
364:Petitions and referendums
353:Constitutional amendments
347:that are in contact with
257:is the state parliament (
236:
231:
222:
217:
205:
200:
130:
121:
113:
108:
88:
83:
75:
65:
51:
46:
34:
21:
2213:Official Landtag Webpage
2198:Retrieved 8 August 2012.
2183:Retrieved 9 August 2010.
2175:Retrieved 8 August 2012.
2160:Retrieved 8 August 2012.
2132:Retrieved 9 August 2010"
2103:Retrieved 9 August 2010"
2087:Retrieved 8 August 2012.
1991:Retrieved 9 August 2010.
1550:Totals and voter turnout
1119:largest remainder method
1109:Changes to electoral law
1099:
26:
1316:Alliance '90/The Greens
925:specific constituencies
427:motion of no confidence
2329:North Rhine-Westphalia
2324:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1628:
1619:Parliament before 2012
1172:North Rhine-Westphalia
1155:
1079:
1024:
894:
535:
458:
369:Referendums in Germany
322:
265:North Rhine-Westphalia
1626:
1356:Free Democratic Party
1321:Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
1153:
1077:
1022:
888:
656:Josef Hermann Dufhues
531:
481:election manipulation
456:
320:
2334:Rhineland-Palatinate
1700:, at 22.4%, and the
1397:Pirate Party Germany
1004:member of parliament
704:John van Nes Ziegler
672:John van Nes Ziegler
408:"from its center" ("
394:Bundesrat of Germany
2402: /
2377:Politics of Germany
1674:minority government
1201:
1123:Sainte-Laguë Method
1048:Sainte-Laguë method
944:Electoral districts
501:Bundestag (Germany)
439:minority government
330:Legislative process
103:since 01 June 2017
2354:Schleswig-Holstein
2188:2008-05-09 at the
2070:2011-05-24 at the
2049:2013-12-03 at the
1965:2010-06-12 at the
1629:
1169:
1156:
1080:
1025:
1011:(detailed below).
958:district of Höxter
950:electoral district
895:
768:Regina van Dinther
536:
497:Federal Convention
459:
323:
297:Minister-President
2385:
2384:
2284:Baden-Württemberg
2253:states of Germany
2002:Patrick Bahners:
1848:
1847:
1833:Parliament Total
1658:elections of 2010
1616:
1615:
1444:
1404:
1364:
1323:
1284:
1244:
1200:
1199:
1174:elections results
850:
849:
802:Eckhard Uhlenberg
720:Karl Josef Denzer
566:Landtagspräsident
302:since June 2022.
251:
250:
2457:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2406:51.219°N 6.764°E
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2200:
2168:
2162:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2134:. Archived from
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2105:. Archived from
2095:
2089:
2080:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2043:Landeswahlgesetz
2038:
2032:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2008:
1999:
1993:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1906:
1844:
1828:
1812:
1796:
1780:
1764:
1748:
1743:
1732:
1731:
1637:social democracy
1579:
1578:
1568:
1567:
1544:
1543:
1524:
1523:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1488:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1456:
1440:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1416:
1400:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1359:
1347:
1346:
1336:
1335:
1319:
1308:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1280:
1268:
1267:
1257:
1256:
1239:
1202:
1190:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1141:Election results
962:district of Olpe
874:
858:
571:
570:
410:aus seiner Mitte
374:direct democracy
344:plenary assembly
247:
244:
242:
240:
227:
190:
181:
172:
155:
146:
132:Political groups
126:
39:
19:
18:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2420:
2419:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2381:
2372:Portal:Politics
2363:
2275:
2262:
2257:
2255:
2246:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2192:
2190:Wayback Machine
2177:
2169:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2141:
2139:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2112:
2110:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2081:
2077:
2072:Wayback Machine
2060:
2056:
2051:Wayback Machine
2039:
2035:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2000:
1996:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1967:Wayback Machine
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1856:
1843:29.54% (27.07%)
1842:
1826:
1810:
1795:33.33% (28.36%)
1794:
1778:
1762:
1746:
1741:
1724:Sylvia Löhrmann
1720:Hannelore Kraft
1686:
1678:Hannelore Kraft
1666:grand coalition
1621:
1439:
1399:
1358:
1318:
1279:
1238:
1175:
1148:
1143:
1111:
1102:
1089:
1072:
1043:
1017:
991:
970:
946:
937:
935:Eligible voters
905:
900:
883:
878:
877:
871:Angela Freimuth
859:
855:
736:Ingeborg Friebe
558:
557:
555:
526:
509:
489:
473:
451:
423:Hannelore Kraft
402:
382:
366:
332:
315:
237:
208:
188:
179:
170:
153:
144:
133:
104:
102:
91:
68:
61:
60:
42:
30:
25:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2463:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2207:External links
2205:
2202:
2201:
2196:Die Fraktionen
2163:
2158:Die Fraktionen
2148:
2128:"Landtag NRW:
2119:
2099:"Landtag NRW:
2090:
2075:
2054:
2033:
2018:
2009:
1994:
1979:
1970:
1952:
1941:
1930:
1921:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1811:51.7% (52.17%)
1808:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1779:18.2% (15.38%)
1776:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1763:22.4% (14.93%)
1760:
1757:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1685:
1682:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1573:
1570:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1531:Invalid votes
1528:
1527:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1491:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1459:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1422:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1379:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1341:
1338:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1259:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1184:
1160:the Left Party
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1131:the Left Party
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1088:
1085:
1071:
1068:
1060:leveling seats
1056:overhang seats
1037:
1036:
1032:
1016:
1013:
1009:overhang seats
990:
987:
969:
966:
945:
942:
936:
933:
921:leveling seats
917:overhang seats
904:
901:
899:
896:
882:
879:
876:
875:
852:
851:
848:
847:
842:
839:
836:
830:
829:
826:
823:
820:
818:Carina Gödecke
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
798:
797:
794:
791:
788:
780:
779:
776:
773:
770:
764:
763:
760:
757:
754:
752:Ulrich Schmidt
748:
747:
744:
741:
738:
732:
731:
728:
725:
722:
716:
715:
712:
709:
706:
700:
699:
696:
693:
690:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
668:
667:
664:
661:
658:
652:
651:
648:
645:
642:
640:Wilhelm Johnen
636:
635:
632:
629:
626:
618:
617:
614:
611:
608:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
582:
581:
578:
575:
538:
537:
525:
522:
508:
505:
488:
485:
472:
469:
464:Court of Audit
450:
447:
401:
398:
390:European Union
381:
378:
365:
362:
331:
328:
314:
311:
307:state election
249:
248:
234:
233:
229:
228:
220:
219:
215:
214:
209:
206:
203:
202:
198:
197:
196:
195:
186:
177:
161:
160:
151:
134:
131:
128:
127:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
106:
105:
94:
92:
89:
86:
85:
81:
80:
79:2 October 1946
77:
73:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
56:
55:
53:
49:
48:
44:
43:
40:
32:
31:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2462:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2418:
2415:
2411:51.219; 6.764
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2349:Saxony-Anhalt
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2238:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2199:
2197:
2194:Landtag NRW:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:Landtag NRW:
2176:
2174:
2171:Landtag NRW:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2156:Landtag NRW:
2152:
2138:on 2013-12-19
2137:
2133:
2131:
2123:
2109:on 2008-05-09
2108:
2104:
2102:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2083:Landtag NRW:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2058:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2022:
2013:
2007:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1987:Landtag NRW:
1983:
1974:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1934:
1925:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:Pirate Party
1816:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1745:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1625:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1574:
1571:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1492:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1476:Other parties
1472:
1463:
1460:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1423:
1420:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1383:
1380:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1342:
1339:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1300:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1263:
1260:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1214:
1208:Popular vote
1203:
1196: →
1195:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1180:←
1179:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1152:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1076:
1067:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1042:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
986:
984:
980:
976:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
941:
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
892:
887:
872:
868:
867:Oliver Keymis
864:
857:
853:
846:
843:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
827:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
811:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
795:
792:
789:
787:
786:
782:
781:
777:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
749:
745:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
729:
726:
723:
721:
718:
717:
713:
710:
707:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
675:
673:
670:
669:
665:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
637:
633:
630:
627:
625:
624:
623:Josef Gockeln
620:
619:
615:
612:
609:
607:
606:
602:
601:
597:
594:
591:
589:
588:
584:
583:
576:
573:
572:
569:
567:
563:
534:
530:
521:
519:
515:
504:
502:
498:
494:
484:
482:
478:
468:
465:
457:Entrance area
455:
446:
442:
440:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
411:
407:
397:
395:
391:
387:
377:
375:
370:
361:
359:
354:
350:
345:
340:
336:
327:
319:
310:
308:
303:
301:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
261:
256:
246:
235:
230:
226:
221:
218:Meeting place
216:
213:
210:
207:Last election
204:
199:
193:
187:
184:
178:
175:
169:
168:
167:
165:
158:
152:
149:
143:
142:
140:
139:
135:
129:
125:
120:
116:
112:
107:
101:
97:
93:
87:
82:
78:
74:
70:
64:
59:
54:
50:
45:
38:
33:
29:
20:
2387:
2328:
2319:Lower Saxony
2195:
2180:
2172:
2166:
2157:
2151:
2140:. Retrieved
2136:the original
2129:
2122:
2111:. Retrieved
2107:the original
2100:
2093:
2084:
2078:
2063:
2057:
2042:
2036:
2027:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1955:
1944:
1933:
1924:
1913:
1904:
1849:
1728:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1706:Pirate Party
1691:
1687:
1645:Franz Meyers
1630:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1441:
1401:
1360:
1320:
1281:
1240:
1164:Pirate Party
1157:
1146:Landtag 2012
1127:
1116:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1090:
1081:
1064:
1052:
1044:
1026:
992:
971:
947:
938:
906:
869:(GRÜNE) and
856:
844:
783:
688:Wilhelm Lenz
621:
603:
585:
565:
561:
559:
517:
513:
510:
507:Organization
490:
476:
474:
460:
443:
431:
419:Franz Meyers
409:
403:
383:
367:
357:
349:lobby groups
333:
324:
304:
300:Hendrik Wüst
279:body in the
258:
254:
252:
163:
162:
136:
27:
2409: /
2299:Brandenburg
2271:Composition
1915:Der Spiegel
1801:The Greens
1641:Karl Arnold
1506:Valid votes
981:during the
968:Nominations
929:party lists
863:Edgar Moron
834:André Kuper
828:06/01/2017
812:05/31/2012
796:07/13/2010
785:Edgar Moron
778:06/09/2010
762:06/02/2005
746:05/31/1995
730:05/29/1990
714:05/29/1985
698:05/28/1980
682:07/25/1970
666:07/23/1966
650:04/19/1966
634:12/06/1958
616:04/19/1947
605:Robert Lehr
598:12/19/1946
533:Robert Lehr
518:Ältestenrat
414:runoff vote
313:Legislature
277:legislative
212:15 May 2022
96:André Kuper
76:Established
67:Term limits
2424:Categories
2394:51°13′08″N
2142:2013-09-10
2113:2013-09-10
1896:References
1836:237 (181)
1670:the Greens
1591:13,264,231
1586:Electorate
1039:See also:
841:06/01/2017
825:05/31/2012
809:07/13/2010
793:06/10/2010
775:06/08/2005
759:06/01/1995
743:05/31/1990
727:05/30/1985
711:05/29/1980
695:07/27/1970
679:07/25/1966
663:04/19/1966
647:01/13/1959
631:04/19/1947
613:12/19/1946
595:10/02/1946
587:Ernst Gnoß
580:In office
574:President
269:Düsseldorf
164:Opposition
138:Government
84:Leadership
2397:6°45′50″E
2359:Thuringia
1672:formed a
1555:7,901,922
1511:7,794,126
1442:Die Linke
1437:Die Linke
1287:2,050,633
1247:3,050,160
913:universal
562:Präsidium
514:Präsidium
493:Bundesrat
434:coalition
305:The last
201:Elections
109:Structure
90:President
2339:Saarland
2249:Landtags
2186:Archived
2068:Archived
2047:Archived
1963:Archived
1854:See also
1839:70 (49)
1807:15 (12)
1804:29 (23)
1791:33 (19)
1788:99 (67)
1772:22 (13)
1759:15 (10)
1756:67 (67)
1609:Source:
1534:107,796
998:and the
960:and the
903:Overview
898:Election
291:and the
241:.landtag
2309:Hamburg
2289:Bavaria
2251:of the
1747:Percent
1479:335,730
1447:194,239
1407:608,957
1367:669,971
1326:884,136
1121:to the
979:Cologne
881:Members
845:present
260:Landtag
232:Website
71:5 years
58:Landtag
2344:Saxony
2304:Bremen
2294:Berlin
1775:4 (2)
1742:Women
1738:Total
1735:Party
1596:100.00
1225:Seats
1216:Votes
1211:Seats
1205:Party
1070:Ballot
577:Party
293:Greens
189:
180:
171:
157:Greens
154:
145:
141:(115)
98:,
2314:Hesse
2030:2009.
1569:0.3%
1560:59.6%
1537:1.4%
1516:98.6%
1363:– FDP
1329:11.3%
1290:26.3%
1250:39.1%
1243:- SPD
1100:Terms
335:Bills
273:Hafen
166:(80)
114:Seats
1827:15%
1785:SPD
1769:FDP
1753:CDU
1654:Ruhr
1572:237
1490:0.9%
1482:4.4%
1458:3.1%
1450:2.5%
1418:6.2%
1410:7.8%
1378:1.9%
1370:8.6%
1337:0.8%
1298:8.3%
1258:4.6%
1228:+/–
1222:+/–
1194:Next
1182:2010
919:and
560:The
253:The
243:.nrw
194:(12)
185:(12)
176:(56)
159:(39)
150:(76)
52:Type
47:Type
1820:20
1702:FDP
1698:CDU
1694:SPD
1662:FDP
1580:56
1469:11
1429:20
1269:32
1000:SPD
996:CDU
975:CDU
838:CDU
822:SPD
806:CDU
790:SPD
772:CDU
756:SPD
740:SPD
724:SPD
708:SPD
692:CDU
676:SPD
660:CDU
644:CDU
628:CDU
610:CDU
592:SPD
360:).
289:CDU
245:.de
239:www
192:AfD
183:FDP
174:SPD
148:CDU
117:195
100:CDU
2426::
1912:.
1823:3
1421:20
1389:9
1381:22
1348:6
1340:29
1301:67
1261:99
1219:%
1125:.
985:.
2241:e
2234:t
2227:v
2145:.
2116:.
1601:—
1493:0
1461:0
893:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
