1317:
2737:
1016:
167:
1147:
primarily spoken in Wales. It is the traditional language of Wales but was supplanted in large part by
English, becoming a minority language in the early 20th century. For the year ending 30 June 2022, the Welsh Annual Population Survey showed that 29.7% (899,500) people aged three or older were able
1101:
The Welsh
Language (Wales) Measure 2011 recognises that Welsh and English are official languages and established a legal framework for a statutory duty on public bodies in Wales to comply with Welsh standards. The legislation allows people to live through the medium of Welsh if they so wish. The
1117:
Of the 101,000 people in Wales who did not speak Welsh or
English as a main language in 2021, 78.0% said they could speak English well or very well, similar to 77.1% in 2011. 22.0% of people who did not speak English or Welsh as a main language could not speak English very well or at all.
1121:
In both 2011 and 2021, Polish was the most spoken main language after Welsh and
English, accounting for 0.7% of the population (21,000), up from 0.6% in 2011. Arabic was the next most common main language in Wales at 0.3%, up from 0.2% in 2011.
1330:), and various ceremonial contexts. Latin abbreviations can also be seen on British coins. The use of Latin has declined greatly in recent years. At one time, Latin and Greek were commonly taught in British schools.
1125:
British Sign
Language (BSL) was the preferred language of 900 (0.03%), up from 800 in 2011. An additional 300 usual residents used another form of sign language or communication system other than BSL.
1229:
In South Wales, the word "where" may often be expanded to "where to", as in the question, "Where to is your Mam?". The word "butty" is used to mean "friend" or "mate".
2921:
1114:
In Wales, as of 2021, 96.7% of usual residents (2.9 million) aged three and above spoke Welsh or
English as their main language. This is compared to 97.1% in 2011.
1094:
is an official language of Wales, and is treated "no less favourably than the
English language" which is also considered an official language, as legislated in the
2601:
1298:(BSL) users in Wales. Ongoing training and courses in BSL are offered in Wales by the Wales Council for Deaf People (WCDP), a voluntary umbrella organisation.
2498:
706:
1304:
has limited use in Wales. It is not a sign language but a system using signs and symbols to help people who find speaking difficult, such as people with
2040:
1208:
respectively), there exist distinctive grammatical conventions in vernacular Welsh
English. Examples of this include the use by some speakers of the
1083:
of Wales aged three or older was 17.8% (538,300 people) and nearly three quarters of the population in Wales said they had no Welsh language skills.
2914:
2773:
2055:
2481:
1448:
1102:
legislation states "the Welsh language must not be treated less favourably than the
English language". The 2011 measure also created the
1659:, ONS 2011 census. Out of the 2,955,841 residents of Wales over the age of three, 562,016 (19%) can speak Welsh. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
1046:
1541:
2907:
1000:
1422:
1232:
There is no standard variety of
English that is specific to Wales, but such features are readily recognised by Anglophones from
1862:
1605:
2386:
1175:
933:
2596:
2137:
602:
1095:
1282:
during the 15th century. The first record of Roma in Wales comes from the 16th century. Welsh Romani is one of the many
2164:
512:
1685:
2282:
1631:
642:
2766:
1981:
1976:
267:
262:
1762:
1580:
612:
2930:
2287:
1825:
1477:
1233:
498:
2503:
3098:
2841:
2523:
1926:
1039:
701:
212:
1656:
1152:, 17.8% (538,300 people) of Wales' population, aged 3 or older, can speak Welsh, a decrease from 19% in 2011.
3126:
2708:
1961:
1956:
1906:
307:
247:
242:
192:
2616:
1449:"Global Futures: A plan to improve and promote international languages in Wales 2022 to 2025 [HTML]"
2636:
2606:
2262:
2174:
1316:
493:
1215:
regardless of the form of the preceding statement and the placement of the subject and the verb after the
3157:
2759:
2666:
2528:
2366:
2212:
2072:
1103:
691:
652:
2272:
1855:
1279:
1149:
1076:
716:
570:
374:
3104:
2683:
2362:
2316:
2207:
2132:
1901:
1138:
1080:
1071:, and English, which is also considered an official language in Wales. The official languages of the
1032:
696:
686:
353:
187:
530:
473:
2508:
2471:
2381:
2342:
2067:
2045:
2030:
1951:
1921:
1283:
965:
237:
207:
2461:
657:
2661:
2493:
2488:
2466:
2292:
2154:
2142:
2122:
2062:
2050:
647:
2981:
560:
2267:
2222:
2035:
1916:
322:
202:
3131:
3121:
3088:
2883:
2877:
2671:
2586:
2518:
2476:
2438:
2406:
2227:
2003:
1848:
1344:
1295:
1253:
960:
908:
893:
721:
592:
333:
121:
1729:
Norbert Boretzky: Kommentierter Dialektatlas des Romani. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2004 p. 18
3031:
3003:
2713:
2452:
2257:
1271:
913:
789:
535:
488:
2986:
1971:
1387:
597:
257:
8:
3093:
2861:
2696:
2548:
2513:
2169:
1966:
1562:
1505:
1216:
975:
970:
836:
678:
607:
525:
252:
2691:
2558:
2347:
2302:
2117:
1991:
1931:
1835:
794:
217:
1523:
1364:
1324:
Latin is also used to a limited degree in certain official mottos, legal terminology (
2626:
2621:
2578:
2277:
2184:
2159:
2104:
2086:
1911:
883:
637:
584:
463:
406:
393:
197:
65:
35:
1830:
3061:
2949:
2944:
2846:
2646:
2641:
2396:
2329:
2297:
2245:
2127:
2112:
2095:
2025:
2020:
1936:
1893:
1883:
1809:
1144:
947:
878:
749:
744:
711:
458:
312:
222:
177:
157:
106:
48:
2899:
3072:
3036:
3010:
2969:
2851:
2591:
2540:
2147:
1263:
868:
841:
759:
468:
389:
128:
1699:
555:
18:
This article is about the languages of Wales. For the language named Welsh, see
3015:
2998:
2959:
2790:
2631:
2428:
2391:
2376:
2371:
2013:
2008:
1946:
1632:"Welsh language data from the Annual Population Survey: July 2021 to June 2022"
1423:"Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion in Wales (Census 2021)"
1339:
1241:
1179:
1134:
1091:
1064:
985:
903:
898:
855:
831:
823:
809:
735:
317:
298:
232:
148:
43:
19:
3151:
3067:
3054:
2964:
2888:
2856:
2833:
2701:
2433:
2357:
1788:
1740:
1326:
1305:
1275:
1166:
955:
888:
863:
545:
483:
425:
328:
302:
116:
84:
1171:
Welsh English or Anglo-Welsh is the distinct form of English used in Wales.
2823:
2741:
2718:
2448:
2189:
1209:
1020:
990:
980:
774:
668:
280:
2656:
995:
799:
754:
632:
617:
550:
401:
2991:
2804:
2352:
1941:
1188:
779:
764:
565:
478:
438:
433:
411:
227:
784:
2975:
2816:
2751:
2553:
2337:
2217:
2199:
1294:
In 2017, the British Deaf Association claimed there were about 6,000
622:
540:
448:
358:
520:
53:
3048:
3042:
2810:
2798:
1840:
1673:
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language Second Edition
1301:
1236:
as being from Wales, including the (actually rarely used) phrase
804:
453:
369:
364:
1075:(Welsh Parliament) are also Welsh and English. According to the
166:
2179:
1072:
873:
134:
1098:. The official languages of the Senedd are Welsh and English.
1871:
1267:
1068:
769:
627:
443:
1320:
Isca Augusta, the ancient Roman amphitheatre at Caerleon
1789:"Call for Makaton signs to be taught in Wales' schools"
1258:
Welsh Romani (or Welsh Romany; sometimes also known as
1836:
How English becomes the most spoken language in Wales
2929:
1741:"Sign language costs 'too high' for some families"
1478:"Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011 | Law Wales"
3149:
1667:
1665:
1569:. University of South Wales/Prifysgol De Cymru.
1512:. University of South Wales/Prifysgol De Cymru.
1812:. Ccat.sas.upenn.edu. Retrieved on 2011-03-17.
2915:
2767:
1856:
1040:
1662:
1650:
2922:
2908:
2774:
2760:
1863:
1849:
1311:
1270:until at least 1950. It was spoken by the
1047:
1033:
111:Either French, German, Spanish or Mandarin
1315:
1388:"Welsh language in Wales (Census 2021)"
3150:
2781:
2903:
2755:
1844:
1738:
1710:
1675:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 335
1524:"Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011"
1365:"Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011"
1086:
1500:
1498:
1472:
1470:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1382:
1380:
1378:
603:Catholic Church of England and Wales
1096:Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011
1067:, which is an official language of
658:Disestablishment of Church in Wales
13:
1870:
1810:Bryn Mawr Classical Review 98.6.16
14:
3169:
1826:The history of the Welsh language
1819:
1495:
1467:
1406:
1375:
1289:
1148:to speak Welsh. According to the
2735:
1977:Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542
1718:Languages in Britain and Ireland
1160:
1109:
1014:
263:Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542
165:
2931:Languages of the United Kingdom
1803:
1781:
1755:
1732:
1723:
1720:, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
1692:
1688:. Wales Online. 1 October 2006.
1686:"Why butty rarely leaves Wales"
1678:
1657:QS206WA – Welsh language skills
1624:
1598:
1585:welshlanguagecommissioner.wales
1573:
1247:
2842:Survey of Anglo-Welsh Dialects
1555:
1534:
1516:
1441:
1357:
1:
2613:Non-Christian belief systems
1767:Welsh Council for Deaf People
1350:
1266:which was spoken fluently in
598:Christianity in Roman Britain
1739:Price, Ben (15 March 2017).
1581:"The Welsh Language Measure"
1240:which is a translation of a
7:
1606:"The Industrial Revolution"
1542:"Official Languages Scheme"
1333:
1104:Welsh Language Commissioner
10:
3174:
2709:Prince of Wales's feathers
1563:"Welsh Language Standards"
1506:"Welsh Language Standards"
1251:
1164:
1155:
1132:
1001:Inventions and discoveries
717:Welsh historical documents
571:List of festivals in Wales
17:
3114:
3081:
3024:
2937:
2870:
2834:English language in Wales
2832:
2789:
2731:
2682:
2577:
2539:
2447:
2414:
2405:
2328:
2324:
2315:
2253:
2244:
2198:
2103:
2094:
2085:
1999:
1990:
1892:
1879:
1763:"WCDP – A voice with you"
1700:"ROMLEX: Romani Dialects"
1225:Running on Friday, he is.
1139:Welsh-speaking population
1081:Welsh-speaking population
354:Traditional Welsh costume
127:
115:
105:
83:
64:
34:
29:
2283:Housing and construction
1716:Price, Glanville (2000)
1284:Northern Romani dialects
1128:
2807:(south-eastern dialect)
2801:(south-western dialect)
2667:1904–1905 Welsh revival
2662:Welsh Methodist revival
1671:Crystal, David (2003).
1312:Norman French and Latin
653:1904–1905 Welsh Revival
648:Welsh Methodist revival
1791:. BBC News. 6 May 2019
1321:
1262:) is a variety of the
531:Gŵyl Fair y Canhwyllau
323:Welsh-medium education
92:Welsh or English 96.7%
2884:British Sign Language
2819:(north Wales dialect)
2672:Welsh Church Act 1914
2439:British Sign Language
1345:Welsh Romani language
1319:
1296:British Sign Language
1254:Welsh Romani language
722:Welsh-language comics
122:British Sign Language
2228:British Armed Forces
2068:Wales–England border
934:World Heritage Sites
129:Keyboard layout
3115:Languages by region
2862:Port Talbot English
2813:(mid-Wales dialect)
2387:Scheduled monuments
2363:Literature in Welsh
2263:Banking and finance
2041:Mountains and hills
1967:Statute of Rhuddlan
1831:Heart of the nation
1219:for emphasis, e.g.
971:Flag of Saint David
738:and performing arts
608:Celtic Christianity
526:Dydd Santes Dwynwen
253:Statute of Rhuddlan
3158:Languages of Wales
2783:Languages of Wales
2554:Healthcare service
2175:Secretary of State
1957:Edwardian conquest
1947:Medieval Welsh law
1932:Kingdom of Gwynedd
1704:romani.uni-graz.at
1528:legislation.gov.uk
1455:. 30 November 2022
1429:. 29 November 2022
1369:legislation.gov.uk
1322:
1234:the rest of the UK
1176:lexical borrowings
1087:Official languages
1061:languages of Wales
243:Edwardian conquest
233:Medieval Welsh law
218:Kingdom of Gwynedd
30:Languages of Wales
3145:
3144:
2897:
2896:
2749:
2748:
2727:
2726:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2311:
2310:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2165:Political parties
2081:
2080:
1972:Glyndŵr rebellion
1927:Early Middle Ages
1638:. 25 October 2022
1394:. 6 December 2022
1057:
1056:
638:William Salesbury
593:Religion in Wales
536:Saint David's Day
407:Matter of Britain
375:Historic counties
258:Glyndŵr rebellion
213:Early Middle Ages
142:
141:
3165:
3127:Northern Ireland
2924:
2917:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2847:Abercraf English
2776:
2769:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2742:Wales portal
2740:
2739:
2738:
2412:
2411:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2251:
2250:
2218:Modern Welsh law
2133:Local government
2101:
2100:
2092:
2091:
1997:
1996:
1962:Late Middle Ages
1937:Kingdom of Powys
1922:Anglo-Welsh Wars
1865:
1858:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1676:
1669:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1567:SouthWales.ac.uk
1559:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:SouthWales.ac.uk
1502:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1419:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1384:
1373:
1372:
1361:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1021:Wales portal
1019:
1018:
1017:
750:Welsh folk music
561:Gŵyl San Steffan
464:Selsig Morgannwg
402:Arthurian legend
313:Welsh placenames
248:Late Middle Ages
223:Kingdom of Powys
208:Anglo-Welsh Wars
169:
160:
158:Culture of Wales
144:
143:
27:
26:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3110:
3077:
3037:Beurla Reagaird
3025:Other languages
3020:
3011:Scottish Gaelic
2933:
2928:
2898:
2893:
2871:Other languages
2866:
2852:Cardiff English
2828:
2820:
2785:
2780:
2750:
2745:
2736:
2734:
2723:
2678:
2607:Presbyterianism
2565:
2535:
2467:Welsh Americans
2443:
2401:
2307:
2293:Slate quarrying
2232:
2208:Counsel General
2194:
2077:
2046:Protected areas
1986:
1952:Norman invasion
1888:
1875:
1869:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1794:
1792:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1737:
1733:
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1724:
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1683:
1679:
1670:
1663:
1655:
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1615:
1613:
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1574:
1561:
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1544:
1540:
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1535:
1522:
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1517:
1504:
1503:
1496:
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1484:
1476:
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1468:
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1447:
1446:
1442:
1432:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1407:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1376:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1336:
1314:
1306:Down's Syndrome
1292:
1278:who arrived in
1264:Romani language
1256:
1250:
1186:(little, wee),
1169:
1163:
1158:
1145:Celtic language
1141:
1133:Main articles:
1131:
1112:
1089:
1053:
1015:
1013:
1006:
1005:
966:National anthem
951:
950:
939:
938:
929:
928:
919:
918:
859:
858:
847:
846:
827:
826:
815:
814:
760:Welsh stepdance
740:
739:
727:
726:
682:
681:
663:
662:
588:
587:
576:
575:
516:
515:
504:
503:
474:Welsh breakfast
469:Tatws Pum Munud
429:
428:
417:
416:
397:
396:
381:
380:
363:Land division (
349:
348:
339:
338:
294:
293:
275:
274:
273:
272:
238:Norman invasion
181:
180:
156:
138:
137:
101:
79:
60:
23:
12:
11:
5:
3171:
3161:
3160:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3101:
3099:Northern Irish
3096:
3091:
3085:
3083:
3082:Sign languages
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3046:
3039:
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2838:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2795:
2793:
2791:Welsh language
2787:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2747:
2746:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
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2716:
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2706:
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2704:
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2674:
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2659:
2651:
2650:
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2639:
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2629:
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2619:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2583:
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2574:
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2551:
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2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
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2824:Cofi dialect
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2719:Welsh Dragon
2587:Christianity
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2407:Demographics
2365: /
2190:Wales Office
2155:Local rulers
2004:Biodiversity
1907:Bibliography
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
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1248:Welsh Romani
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1221:Fed up, I am
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1210:tag question
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1063:include the
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991:Celtic cross
981:Welsh Dragon
961:Coat of arms
909:Rugby League
894:Horse Racing
775:Cymanfa Ganu
556:Gŵyl Mabsant
489:Welsh dishes
334:Welsh Romani
290:
193:Bibliography
52:
24:
15:
3105:Old Kentish
3032:Angloromani
2982:Guernésiais
2714:Royal Badge
2657:Saint David
2597:Catholicism
2592:Anglicanism
2268:Coal mining
2258:Agriculture
2160:Nationalism
1616:30 December
1206:grandfather
1202:grandmother
1174:Aside from
1150:2021 census
1143:Welsh is a
1077:2021 census
996:Celtic knot
976:Other flags
914:Rugby Union
800:Triple harp
785:Noson Lawen
755:Welsh dance
633:Welsh Bible
618:Saint David
613:Celtic Rite
551:Calan Gaeaf
494:Restaurants
449:Cawl Cennin
98:Arabic 0.3%
95:Polish 0.7%
2992:Sercquiais
2805:Gwenhwyseg
2549:Healthcare
2509:Scientists
2472:Architects
2367:in English
2353:Eisteddfod
2128:Government
2113:Devolution
2096:Government
2073:Waterfalls
1942:Deheubarth
1912:Prehistory
1743:. BBC News
1642:1 December
1590:3 December
1487:1 December
1459:2 December
1433:1 December
1398:6 December
1351:References
1189:eisteddfod
837:Television
780:Cynghanedd
765:Cerdd Dant
692:in English
679:Literature
566:Eisteddfod
546:Calan Awst
479:Welsh cake
439:Bara Lafwr
434:Bara brith
412:Mabinogion
347:Traditions
228:Deheubarth
198:Prehistory
2976:Auregnais
2956:official)
2938:Languages
2880:(extinct)
2817:Gwyndodeg
2602:Mormonism
2494:Musicians
2489:Inventors
2424:Languages
2416:Languages
2348:Education
2303:Transport
2273:Companies
2118:Elections
1992:Geography
1917:Roman Era
1636:GOV.WALES
1453:GOV.WALES
1427:GOV.WALES
1392:GOV.WALES
1217:predicate
1213:isn't it?
927:Monuments
623:Dubricius
541:Calan Mai
513:Festivals
390:Mythology
359:Welsh law
291:Languages
203:Roman Era
3152:Category
3132:Scotland
3122:Cornwall
2987:Jèrriais
2954:de facto
2653:History
2627:Hinduism
2622:Buddhism
2579:Religion
2524:in Welsh
2278:Forestry
2185:Unionism
2105:Politics
2087:Politics
1982:Colonies
1902:Timeline
1334:See also
1238:look you
884:Football
697:Medieval
687:in Welsh
585:Religion
521:Calennig
394:folklore
268:Colonies
188:Timeline
149:a series
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54:de facto
36:Official
3089:British
3062:Pictish
3049:Llanito
3043:Cumbric
2950:English
2945:Cornish
2811:Powyseg
2799:Dyfedeg
2684:Symbols
2647:Sikhism
2642:Druidry
2637:Judaism
2617:Bahá'ís
2519:Writers
2504:Royalty
2477:Artists
2397:Theatre
2382:Museums
2343:Castles
2330:Culture
2317:Society
2298:Tourism
2246:Economy
2138:History
2031:Islands
2026:Geology
2021:Climate
1894:History
1795:23 July
1773:23 July
1747:23 July
1302:Makaton
1280:Britain
1156:English
948:Symbols
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879:Cricket
805:Twmpath
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790:Pibgorn
745:Theatre
712:Theatre
702:Authors
454:Crempog
426:Cuisine
370:Cantref
365:Commote
308:History
178:History
107:Foreign
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3073:Shelta
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2213:Courts
2180:Senedd
2148:Mayors
2143:Cities
2063:Rivers
1769:. WCDP
1106:post.
1079:, the
1073:Senedd
874:Cnapan
869:Boxing
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281:People
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3137:Wales
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2529:Women
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2482:Women
2429:Welsh
2377:Music
2372:Media
2056:AONBs
2036:Lakes
2014:Flora
2009:Fauna
1872:Wales
1612:. BBC
1545:(PDF)
1268:Wales
1260:Kååle
1244:tag.
1182:like
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1178:from
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1092:Welsh
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864:Bando
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832:Radio
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628:Teilo
299:Welsh
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3055:Norn
2965:Manx
2453:list
1797:2022
1775:2022
1749:2022
1644:2022
1618:2011
1592:2022
1489:2022
1461:2022
1435:2022
1400:2022
1272:Kale
1204:and
1198:taid
1196:and
1194:nain
1184:bach
1137:and
1059:The
956:Flag
889:Golf
444:Cawl
392:and
85:Main
2338:Art
2200:Law
1223:or
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