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25:
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305:, give the riders greater acceleration with improved smoothness over the electromagnetic and catapult launch mechanisms. The acceleration from a hydraulic launch is greatest at the beginning and dies off rapidly, but the acceleration from a LIM/LSM launch remains fairly constant throughout the duration of the launch.
483:
coupled to aluminum discs is in the launch zone: there is no contact between the two. The system can be used also for speed up intermediate launchers, and for braking, with static aluminum blades, at the end of the ride. Thanks to the energy stored in the flywheels, the power demand for launching is
542:
Arrow
Dynamics' Launched Loop coasters, which were popular in the 1970s and 1980s, use a powerful electric motor and tensioned springs to propel a launch car forward. The launch car pushes the train outward to a drop, and then returns to its position. After the train reaches the opposite platform,
385:, built in 2003, includes this element followed by a brake run, while Kingda Ka, built in 2005, adds a 129 ft (39 m) airtime hill before the final brake run. Some hydraulic coaster layouts omit the top hat element altogether. Another manufacturer,
347:
The motor is positioned at the opposite end of the catch-car on the launch track. While the train inches forward into a ready position, the pusher mechanism moves back from the motor toward the train. Once the pusher connects, the anti-rollback
231:. Both Rocky Mountain Construction and Bolliger & Mabillard established their first LSM launched coasters recently with the RMC Topper Track Coaster, Lightning Rod, at Dollywood, and B&M's wingrider, Thunderbird, at HolidayWorld.
1984:
245:
These launch systems transfer electricity through a motor on the roller coaster's track so that it controls the speed at which it will urge the cars and train either forward or backward on a segment. LIMs are mainly used in
191:, which utilize large amounts of electricity to propel the coaster train along its track into the ride elements (e.g. inversions, twists, turns and short drops). Ten design companies managing these types of rides are
441:
in Japan having held the acceleration record from when it opened as
Dodonpa in 2001 to its closure in 2024, launching passengers from 0 to 112 mph (180 km/h) in 1.56 seconds (it is now held by
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500:
In the catapult launch, a dropped weight winds a cable to pull the train until it accelerates to its full speed. Dropped weights were used in early installations of
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after the launch, which is a hill in the shape of a tower with a 90-degree ascent and 90-degree drop. Trains enter and exit this element in opposite directions.
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Using the same type of system as a hydraulic launch, a pneumatic launch uses compressed air to launch the vehicle. The technology was developed by
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559:. The launch track consists of a series of horizontal tires that pinch the brake fins on the underside of the train. One example of this is the
2011:
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89:
1925:"How Kingda Ka works photos- Pictures of the hydraulics that power Kingda Ka roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure, New Jersey"
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that rewinds a cable attached to the lead car of the train, called the catch-car, in a matter of seconds. The cable runs under the
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was open for only 4 days. Compressed air launches are able to provide more acceleration than traditional pneumatic launches, with
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in the other compartment is compressed. At launch, the fluid under pressure from the accumulators is used to drive a number of
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The core of the system involves powerful hydraulic pumps, usually eight, that are each capable of producing approximately 500
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Launched coasters mainly feature improved speed and acceleration when compared to traditional chain or cable lift coasters.
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450:, UK). S&S has brought back pneumatic launches in China with OCT Thrust SSC1000 and Bullet Coaster at
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316:'s configuration, the system can produce a peak power of up to 20,800 hp (15.5 MW) for each launch.
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reaching 82 mph (132 km/h) in 2.3 seconds. The world's tallest roller coaster, Kingda Ka at
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These rides are often not very tall, and usually achieve speeds of 60 mph (96 km/h).
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129:. A launched coaster initiates a ride with high amounts of acceleration via one or a series of
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impulse and blitz coasters. However, LIMs can also be used for general transport, such as the
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Linear induction motor (LIM) and linear synchronous motor (LSM) coasters use propulsion via
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in
Doswell, Virginia, USA in 2001. This coaster closed in 2007. Another incarnation, the
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153:. This mode of acceleration powers many of the fastest roller coasters in the world.
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is spun at high speeds and is attached to a cable that propels the train forward.
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system drops beneath the track, giving the train the green light to be launched.
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1989:
1887:"Acceleration in one two and three dimensions in launched roller coasters"
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marked the return of pneumatic launches in the United States.
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Hurricane Roller
Coaster (Suzhou Amusement Land Forest World)
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another catch car works the same way. An example of this is
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484:
flat. Two operating examples of this technique are the
537:
401:, reaching speeds up to 47 mph (76 km/h).
492:and at FunWorks, Abu Dhabi (manufacturer I.E.Park)
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
479:Magnets are placed under the cars and a series of
2960:
234:An example of an LSM launched roller coaster is
141:, tires, chains, or other mechanisms employing
2578:Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure
1530:Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure
474:
419:model. The first coaster of this type was the
2769:
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2005:
404:
767:Legendary Twin Dragon (Chongqing Sunac Land)
2019:
2776:
2762:
2241:
2227:
2012:
1998:
1520:Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts
256:Tomorrowland Transit Authority PeopleMover
1946:"I.E.Park in the roller coaster database"
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1884:
336:(commonly 16 or 32), which spin a large
297:-launched roller coasters, pioneered by
278:
155:
355:The first hydraulic launch coaster was
163:, a launched looping roller coaster at
2961:
1500:Guardians of the Galaxy: Cosmic Rewind
2757:
2396:(in association with US Thrill Rides)
2222:
1993:
1422:Nickelodeon Universe Mall of America
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
2588:Indiana Jones et le Temple du PĂ©ril
1765:Nickelodeon Universe American Dream
1698:Nickelodeon Universe American Dream
1668:Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom
515:Flywheel launches are used on some
13:
2904:Discontinued roller coaster models
2372:Discontinued roller coaster models
1981:launch system on Schwarzkopf rides
1975:launch system on Schwarzkopf rides
1927:. Themeparks.about.com. 2010-06-19
550:
274:
177:
14:
2990:
1966:
1272:Uncharted: El Enigma de Penitence
538:Electric motor and spring tension
320:is pumped into several different
269:
1831:Wave Breaker: The Rescue Coaster
1564:Disney California Adventure Park
23:
2492:Double and triple Ferris wheels
1224:
1024:Star Trek: Operation Enterprise
469:
34:needs additional citations for
2825:
2287:
1938:
1917:
1878:
1805:Universal Islands of Adventure
1674:Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride
1554:Universal Islands of Adventure
1534:Universal Islands of Adventure
1131:
1:
2792:Current roller coaster models
2673:Superman: Escape from Krypton
2266:Current roller coaster models
1885:Pendrill, Anne-Marie (2008).
1871:
1734:Superman: Escape from Krypton
927:Star Wars Hyperspace Mountain
555:Another type of launch is by
16:Modern form of roller coaster
2890:Dutch Wheels (R40, R50, R60)
1754:The Flash: Vertical Velocity
1466:DarKoaster: Escape The Storm
1054:
577:
182:
7:
2573:Green Lantern: First Flight
2248:
572:
510:
495:
475:Eddy current launcher (LEM)
225:Rocky Mountain Construction
10:
2995:
2783:
2723:Volcano: The Blast Coaster
1911:10.1088/0031-9120/43/5/003
1815:Busch Gardens Williamsburg
1748:Busch Gardens Williamsburg
1708:Disney's Hollywood Studios
1688:Disney's Hollywood Studios
1648:Busch Gardens Williamsburg
1470:Busch Gardens Williamsburg
937:
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808:
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405:Pneumatic (compressed air)
2939:
2903:
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2798:
2791:
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2484:
2408:
2371:
2318:Reverse Free Fall Coaster
2265:
2256:
2160:
2054:
2028:
1791:Tron Lightcycle Power Run
1763:Timmy's Half Pipe Havoc (
1678:Universal Studios Florida
1584:Six Flags Great Adventure
1524:Universal Studios Florida
1282:
1199:
1180:
873:
798:Tron Lightcycle Power Run
762:Universal Studios Beijing
723:
704:
361:Six Flags Great Adventure
135:linear synchronous motors
58:"Launched roller coaster"
2969:Launched roller coasters
2830:Suspended Thrill Coaster
2816:Giant Inverted Boomerang
2485:Other discontinued rides
1985:Intamin official website
1845:Six Flags Magic Mountain
1738:Six Flags Magic Mountain
1494:Six Flags Magic Mountain
1386:Blackpool Pleasure Beach
1366:Blackpool Pleasure Beach
1243:
1144:Amusement Park Toverland
1102:
1073:
908:Walt Disney Studios Park
742:
630:Warner Bros. Movie World
221:Bolliger & Mabillard
2979:Linear induction motors
2974:Types of roller coaster
2308:Multi Inversion Coaster
1775:Busch Gardens Tampa Bay
1758:Six Flags Great America
1694:Sandy's Blasting Bronco
1684:Rock 'n' Roller Coaster
1614:Six Flags Great America
1550:Incredible Hulk Coaster
1450:Busch Gardens Tampa Bay
987:Erlebnispark Tripsdrill
914:Rock 'n' Roller Coaster
562:Incredible Hulk Coaster
464:Six Flags Great America
131:linear induction motors
123:launched roller coaster
2658:Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin
1658:Six Flags Fiesta Texas
1412:
1323:Madagascar Mad Pursuit
1314:
992:MoviePark StudioTour (
732:Back Lot Stunt Coaster
322:hydraulic accumulators
291:
171:
2259:List of Intamin rides
2029:Construction material
1428:Backlot Stunt Coaster
1353:
946:Blue Fire Megacoaster
750:Battle of Blue Fire (
698:The Ride to Happiness
620:Wet'n'Wild Gold Coast
488:at Sochi Park in the
456:Happy Valley Shenzhen
283:The catch-car of the
282:
159:
2313:Prefabricated Wooden
1835:SeaWorld San Antonio
1634:Six Flags Over Texas
1620:Montezooma's Revenge
1276:Port Aventura's Park
1256:Port Aventura's Park
1067:Hong Kong Disneyland
780:OCT Thrust SSC1000 (
772:Happy Valley Nanjing
567:Islands of Adventure
371:Accelerator Coasters
250:roller coasters and
125:is a modern form of
43:improve this article
2883:Current ride models
2738:Woodstock's Express
2698:Top Thrill Dragster
2553:Escape from Pompeii
2409:Other current rides
2055:Train configuration
1903:2008PhyEd..43..483P
1781:Top Thrill Dragster
1638:Six Flags St. Louis
1440:Canada's Wonderland
1170:Xpress: Platform 13
963:Flucht von Novgorod
802:Shanghai Disneyland
792:Shanghai Disneyland
752:Quancheng Euro Park
736:Canada's Wonderland
383:Top Thrill Dragster
242:in Sandusky, Ohio.
2708:Tower of Terror II
2543:Disaster Transport
1865:Knott's Berry Farm
1624:Knott's Berry Farm
1420:Avatar Airbender (
1125:Nagashima Spa Land
1028:Movie Park Germany
994:Movie Park Germany
782:Happy Valley Wuhan
770:Light Of Revenge (
636:Tower of Terror II
545:Irn Bru Revolution
523:loop coasters and
490:Sochi Olimpic Park
452:Happy Valley Wuhan
312:(373 kW). In
292:
287:Roller Coaster at
172:
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2926:Suspended Looping
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2877:
2751:
2750:
2678:Superman The Ride
2216:
2215:
1841:West Coast Racers
1574:Six Flags America
1510:Half Pipe Coaster
1456:Copperhead Strike
1096:Rainbow MagicLand
833:Half Pipe Coaster
678:Psyké Underground
517:Anton Schwarzkopf
377:commonly place a
229:S&S Worldwide
119:
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93:
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2946:Official website
2870:Suspended Family
2865:Motorbike launch
2850:Family Boomerang
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2623:Millennium Force
2456:Looping Starship
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2062:Fourth dimension
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1544:SeaWorld Orlando
931:Disneyland Paris
918:Disneyland Paris
818:Djurs Sommerland
373:manufactured by
334:hydraulic motors
262:or monorail and
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2426:Flying Dutchman
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2137:Summer toboggan
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1115:Fuji-Q Highland
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658:Anubis The Ride
654:
626:Superman Escape
582:
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565:at Universal's
557:friction wheels
553:
551:Friction wheels
540:
513:
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439:Fuji-Q Highland
416:Thrust Air 2000
407:
379:top hat element
318:Hydraulic fluid
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275:Hydraulic fluid
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178:Electromagnetic
149:power, along a
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2568:The Giant Drop
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2058:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2022:roller coaster
2017:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1968:
1967:External links
1965:
1962:
1961:
1937:
1916:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1851:Wicked Twister
1848:
1838:
1828:
1825:Kings Dominion
1818:
1808:
1798:
1788:
1778:
1768:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1731:
1721:
1711:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1641:
1627:
1617:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1560:Incredicoaster
1557:
1547:
1537:
1527:
1517:
1514:Elitch Gardens
1507:
1497:
1487:
1480:Kings Dominion
1476:Flight of Fear
1473:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1432:Kings Dominion
1425:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1340:
1330:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1298:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1237:Gold Reef City
1228:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1220:(Energylandia)
1215:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1174:Walibi Holland
1167:
1157:
1147:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1077:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1044:Voltron Nevera
1041:
1031:
1021:
1014:
997:
990:
980:
970:
960:
953:
941:
936:
935:
934:
924:
911:
901:
890:
889:
877:
872:
871:
870:
860:
850:
840:
828:
823:
822:
821:
812:
807:
806:
805:
795:
785:
778:
775:
768:
765:
758:Decepticoaster
755:
746:
741:
740:
739:
727:
722:
721:
720:
708:
703:
702:
701:
695:
692:Walibi Belgium
685:
682:Walibi Belgium
675:
665:
653:
648:
647:
646:
633:
623:
613:
603:
593:
581:
576:
574:
571:
552:
549:
539:
536:
512:
509:
497:
494:
476:
473:
471:
468:
458:respectively.
427:Kings Dominion
422:Hypersonic XLC
406:
403:
276:
273:
271:
270:Fluid pressure
268:
189:electromagnets
184:
181:
179:
176:
127:roller coaster
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2991:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2947:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:VelociCoaster
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:Thunder River
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Formula Rossa
2561:
2559:
2558:Falcon's Fury
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:Notable rides
2504:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2476:Tow boat ride
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2338:Vertical Lift
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:Virginia Reel
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Side friction
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1973:Counterweight
1971:
1970:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1926:
1920:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1877:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1801:VelociCoaster
1799:
1796:
1795:Magic Kingdom
1792:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1590:Lightning Rod
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:Full Throttle
1488:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:Flamingo Land
1393:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1348:
1347:Ferrari World
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:Ferrari World
1334:
1333:Formula Rossa
1331:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1194:
1190:
1189:Speed Monster
1187:
1186:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:Phantasialand
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
988:
984:
981:
978:
977:Phantasialand
974:
971:
968:
964:
961:
958:
955:Desert Race (
954:
951:
947:
944:
943:
940:
932:
928:
925:
923:
919:
915:
912:
909:
905:
902:
899:
895:
894:Objectif Mars
892:
891:
887:
883:
880:
879:
876:
868:
864:
861:
858:
854:
851:
848:
844:
841:
838:
834:
831:
830:
827:
819:
815:
814:
811:
803:
799:
796:
793:
789:
786:
783:
779:
776:
773:
769:
766:
763:
759:
756:
753:
749:
748:
745:
737:
733:
730:
729:
726:
718:
714:
711:
710:
707:
699:
696:
693:
689:
686:
683:
679:
676:
673:
672:Bobbejaanland
669:
666:
663:
659:
656:
655:
652:
645:
641:
637:
634:
631:
627:
624:
621:
617:
614:
611:
607:
604:
601:
597:
594:
591:
587:
584:
583:
580:
570:
568:
564:
563:
558:
548:
546:
535:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
508:
505:
503:
493:
491:
487:
482:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
423:
418:
417:
412:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
366:
365:Formula Rossa
362:
358:
353:
351:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
301:manufacturer
300:
296:
290:
286:
281:
267:
265:
261:
260:Magic Kingdom
257:
253:
249:
248:Premier Rides
243:
241:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
205:Premier Rides
202:
198:
194:
190:
175:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2668:Storm Runner
2471:Super Splash
2451:Hyper Splash
2394:Polercoaster
2348:Wing Coaster
2188:Out and back
2182:
2173:Dual-tracked
2161:Track layout
2127:Steeplechase
1953:. Retrieved
1949:
1940:
1929:. Retrieved
1919:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1724:Storm Runner
1570:Joker's Jinx
1484:Kings Island
1446:Cheetah Hunt
1436:Kings Island
1376:Alton Towers
1308:
1266:Ferrari Land
1226:South Africa
1212:Energylandia
1140:Booster Bike
1121:Shuttle Loop
1086:Mirabilandia
1018:Holiday Park
1016:Sky Scream (
1007:
921:
886:Parc Astérix
700:(Plopsaland)
643:
606:Steel Taipan
560:
554:
541:
528:Motocoasters
514:
506:
502:Shuttle Loop
499:
485:
478:
470:Other styles
425:, opened at
420:
414:
408:
391:Booster Bike
369:
354:
346:
342:launch track
307:
293:
289:Alton Towers
244:
233:
186:
173:
151:launch track
122:
120:
105:
99:October 2012
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2598:Project 305
2461:Mega Splash
2389:Space Diver
2379:Accelerator
1855:Cedar Point
1785:Cedar Point
1728:Hersheypark
1714:Steel Venom
1654:Poltergeist
1604:Cedar Point
1540:Ice Breaker
1406:Thorpe Park
1343:Turbo Track
1252:Furius Baco
1233:Golden Loop
1133:Netherlands
1048:Europa-Park
1004:NĂĽrburgring
950:Europa-Park
898:Futuroscope
847:Särkänniemi
839:) (defunct)
837:Särkänniemi
596:Motocoaster
448:Thorpe Park
399:Netherlands
240:Cedar Point
165:Europa-Park
2963:Categories
2931:Wild Mouse
2860:Mine train
2826:LSM Launch
2743:Xcelerator
2538:Demon Drop
2466:Rapid Ride
2446:Gyro tower
2441:Gyro Swing
2431:Giant Drop
2421:Flume Ride
2353:Wing Rider
2328:Surf Rider
2298:Mine train
2288:LSM Launch
2208:Wild mouse
2092:Mine train
1955:2020-12-14
1931:2011-12-04
1897:(5): 483.
1872:References
1861:Xcelerator
1857:)(Removed)
1827:)(Removed)
1718:Valleyfair
1630:Mr. Freeze
1610:Maxx Force
1362:Revolution
1327:Motiongate
1111:Do-Dodonpa
1000:ring°racer
967:Hansa-Park
957:Heide Park
857:Linnanmäki
662:Plopsaland
640:Dreamworld
610:Dreamworld
600:Dreamworld
586:Jet Rescue
530:. A large
460:Maxx Force
435:Do-Dodonpa
431:Ring Racer
357:Xcelerator
338:winch drum
310:horsepower
217:Mack Rides
201:Gerstlauer
69:newspapers
2916:Hurricane
2821:Invertigo
2806:Boomerang
2713:La Vibora
2683:Swiss Bob
2648:Sky Whirl
2643:Shockwave
2638:Possessed
2608:Kingda Ka
2436:Gyro Drop
2333:Suspended
2303:MotorBike
2278:Hot Racer
2168:Boomerang
2132:Suspended
2097:Motorbike
2077:Floorless
2020:Types of
1811:Verbolten
1664:Possessed
1594:Dollywood
1580:Kingda Ka
1460:Carowinds
1309:(removed)
1262:Red Force
1193:Tusenfryd
1164:Slagharen
1160:Gold Rush
1154:Drievliet
1150:Formule X
1056:Hong Kong
867:PowerPark
816:Juvelen (
717:Hopi Hari
644:(removed)
616:Surfrider
590:Sea World
579:Australia
519:designed
481:flywheels
395:Toverland
314:Kingda Ka
295:Hydraulic
183:LIM / LSM
161:Blue Fire
147:pneumatic
143:hydraulic
139:catapults
2921:Illusion
2895:Madhouse
2703:Toutatis
2688:Thirteen
2628:Pantheon
2618:Maverick
2533:Colossus
2528:Colossos
2523:The Claw
2497:Freefall
2400:Stand-up
2323:Spinning
2183:Launched
2178:Figure 8
2122:Stand-up
2117:Spinning
2102:Pipeline
2087:Inverted
1979:Flywheel
1950:rcdb.com
1891:Academia
1744:Tempesto
1644:Pantheon
1600:Maverick
1392:Velocity
1305:Liseberg
1295:Liseberg
1063:RC Racer
922:(closed)
904:RC Racer
882:Toutatis
788:RC Racer
573:Examples
532:flywheel
525:Zamperla
511:Flywheel
496:Catapult
330:nitrogen
266:trains.
236:Maverick
2663:Stealth
2653:Skyrush
2633:Pegasus
2603:Jupiter
2548:El Toro
2384:Bobsled
2363:ZacSpin
2283:Impulse
2250:Intamin
2203:Twister
2198:Terrain
2193:Shuttle
2107:Powered
2067:Bobsled
1899:Bibcode
1821:Volcano
1402:Stealth
1301:Kanonen
1218:Formuła
1208:Abyssus
1010:defunct
983:Karacho
939:Germany
843:Motogee
826:Finland
810:Denmark
713:Katapul
651:Belgium
521:shuttle
486:Drifter
444:Stealth
413:as the
411:S&S
397:in the
375:Intamin
350:braking
303:Intamin
252:Intamin
197:Intamin
169:Germany
137:(LSM),
133:(LIM),
83:scholar
2911:Enigma
2855:Junior
2843:Family
2834:Wooden
2799:Thrill
2785:Vekoma
2593:Insane
2416:Bounty
2358:Wooden
2082:Flying
2046:Hybrid
2041:Wooden
1771:Tigris
1284:Sweden
1201:Poland
1182:Norway
1082:ISpeed
973:F.L.Y.
875:France
863:Junker
725:Canada
706:Brazil
688:Pulsar
387:Vekoma
326:piston
264:maglev
213:Zierer
209:Maurer
193:Vekoma
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2613:Kirnu
2343:Water
2147:Water
2036:Steel
1504:Epcot
1291:Helix
1245:Spain
1104:Japan
1092:Shock
1075:Italy
1034:Taron
853:Taiga
744:China
299:Swiss
90:JSTOR
76:books
2293:Mega
2273:Giga
2152:Wing
2072:Dive
1382:Icon
1372:Rita
668:Fury
454:and
285:Rita
227:and
121:The
62:news
1907:doi
1636:) (
1482:) (
1438:) (
1434:) (
1414:USA
1316:UAE
462:at
446:at
437:at
393:at
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