1347:
1601:. Union members had learned that more members meant more bargaining power. Taken to an international level, leftists argued that workers should act in solidarity with the international proletariat in order to further increase the power of the working class. Proletarian internationalism saw itself as a deterrent against war and international conflicts, because people with a common interest are less likely to take up arms against one another, instead focusing on fighting the
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7138:
745:
7162:
7190:
7258:
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change the nature of the society they are implemented in. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, supporters of left-wing politics "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated."
5928:
the role of strong anti-liberal ideology that combined both far left and far right nationalist elements was highly significant in sustaining the regime and therefore should not be underestimated...the DPRK regime was able to hold on to power by using imagined and real external threats, such as the
1637:
from uniting against them in solidarity with one another. Left-wing movements have often taken up anti-imperialist positions. Anarchism has developed a critique of nationalism that focuses on nationalism's role in justifying and consolidating state power and domination. Through its unifying goal,
805:
as a whole or certain social hierarchies. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished through radical means that
1342:
and spurred environmentalism, postulating that capitalist technologies were the key cause responsible for environmental degradation, as opposed to human population pressures. Environmental degradation can be seen as a class or equity issue, as environmental destruction disproportionately affects
5823:
Once one adjusts for superficial differences, Shils contended, communists and other radicals of the far left resemble right-wing radicals in zealotry, susceptibility to
Manichean interpretations of human events, implacable hatred of opponents, intolerance toward dissenters and deviants, and an
3559:
All surveys confirm that environmental concern is associated with green voting...n subsequent
European elections, green voters have tended to be more left-leaning...the party is capable of motivating its core supporters as well as other environmentally minded voters of predominantly left-wing
1279:
became political terms to describe the collective human ownership of the world which he speaks of in
Agrarian Justice. As such, most of left-wing thought and literature regarding environmentalism stems from this duty of ownership and the aforementioned form of cooperative ownership means that
1284:
arguably had a concern for environmental matters. According to Marx, "ven an entire society, a nation, or all simultaneously existing societies taken together, are not the owners of the earth. They are simply its possessors, its beneficiaries, and have to bequeath it in an improved state to
3668:
Modern liberalism occupies the left-of-center in the traditional political spectrum and is represented by the
Democratic Party in the United States, the Labor Party in the United Kingdom, and the mainstream Left (including some nominally socialist parties) in other advanced democratic
1087:" and unjust lay-offs and exploitation of workers. In the last quarter of the 20th century, the belief that the government (ruling in accordance with the interests of the people) ought to be directly involved in the day-to-day workings of an economy declined in popularity amongst the
1280:
humanity must take care of the Earth. This principle is reflected in much of the historical left-wing thought and literature that came afterwards, although there were disagreements about what this entailed. Both Karl Marx and the early socialist philosopher and scholar
4729:
An exuberant, uncompromising nationalism lay behind France's revolutionary expansion in the 1790s...", "The message of the French
Revolution was that the people are sovereign; and in the two centuries since it was first proclaimed, it has conquered the
2265:" and became known as the "Anti-Establishment". The New Left did not seek to recruit industrial workers en masse, but instead concentrated on a social activist approach to organization, convinced that they could be the source for a better kind of
2592:(1864–1876), sometimes called the First International, brought together delegates from many different countries, with many different views about how to reach a classless and stateless society. Following a split between supporters of Marx and
2601:
2277:, who characterized this approach as "substitutionism" which they described as a misguided and non-Marxist belief that other groups in society could "substitute" for and "replace" the revolutionary agency of the working class.
2379:
structures within the Left. The connection between left-wing ideologies and the struggle for LGBTQ rights also has an important history. Prominent socialists who were involved in early struggles for LGBTQ rights include
5597:
4064:
3017:
as the Labour Party leader was viewed by scholars and political commentators as Labour turning back toward its more classical socialist roots, rejecting neoliberalism and the Third Way whilst supporting a
3009:, the Labour Party leader who succeeded Blair and Brown, was the rejection of the New Labour label and a promise to abandon the Third Way and turn back to the left. However, Labour's voting record in the
1763:
agreements. This view is sometimes used to justify hostility towards supranational organizations. Left-wing nationalism can also refer to any form of nationalism which emphasizes a leftist working-class
1316:
From the 1970s onwards, environmentalism became an increasing concern of the left, with social movements and several unions campaigning on environmental issues and causes. In
Australia, the left-wing
5730:
el-Ojeili, Chamsy; Taylor, Dylan (September 2018). Cheng, Enfu; Schweickart, David; Andreani, Tony (eds.). "The
Revaluation of All Values: Extremism, The Ultra-Left, and Revolutionary Anthropology".
2024:
through faith-based social activism. Other left-wing religious movements include
Buddhist socialism, Jewish socialism and Islamic socialism. There have been alliances between the left and anti-war
5691:
were characterized by the persistence and prolongation of political and social unrest that many
Western countries experienced during the late 1960s. The decade saw the multiplication of far-left
4240:
1642:(both in specific territories and in a ruling elite of individuals) while it prepares a population for capitalist exploitation. Within anarchism, this subject has been extensively discussed by
2466:) generally sat to the left of the presiding member's chair in parliament while the ones in favour of the royal veto privilege sat on its right. That habit began in the original French
2408:
of 1969. Contemporary leftist activists and socialist countries such as Cuba are actively supportive of LGBTQ+ people and are involved in the struggle for LGBTQ+ rights and equality.
1153:, who he defined as the outcasts of society such as beggars, tricksters, entertainers, buskers, criminals and prostitutes. The political relevance of farmers has divided the left. In
1079:. At the beginning of the 20th century, many leftists advocated strong government intervention in the economy. Leftists continue to criticize the perceived exploitative nature of
1492:
has been a central feature of political debates on the Left. During the French
Revolution, nationalism was a key policy of the Republican Left. The Republican Left advocated for
1384:
combine traditional social-democratic values such as a desire for greater economic equality and workers rights with demands for environmental protection. Democratic socialist
5886:
We find that a surprisingly large share of those who identify as far left do express extremely xenophobic attitudes, and we profile them in contrast to far right xenophobes.
3618:
5604:
3572:
2336:. However, Marxists such as Rosa Luxemburg, Clara Zetkin, and Alexandra Kollontai, who are supporters of radical social equality for women and have rejected and opposed
1756:
on the left. Several scholars have linked this form of left-wing nationalism to the pressure generated by economic integration with other countries, often encouraged by
4400:
1324:
on environmentally destructive development projects. Several segments of the socialist and Marxist left consciously merged environmentalism and anti-capitalism into an
1110:. Some distinguish Marx's economic theories from his political philosophy, arguing that Marx's approach to understanding the economy is independent of his advocacy of
2863:
defines "left-wing extremism" as groups that "seek to bring about change through violent revolution, rather than through established political processes". Similar to
3013:
from 2010 to 2015 indicated that the Labour Party under Miliband had maintained the same distance from the left as it did under Blair. In contrast, the election of
4107:
2226:, who believed that a democratic society and system of government was practically impossible without a universal and comprehensive nationwide system of education.
4503:
1838:
in India have argued that the First World and the Second World Left takes a racist and paternalistic attitude towards liberation movements in the Third World.
5418:
4655:
6036:
5458:
6363:
5026:
4577:
3434:
anarchism is a coherent intellectual and political current dating back to the 1860s and the First International, and part of the labour and left tradition.
2917:
5718:, were justified by left-wing groups both as necessary means to achieve a revolutionary project and as defences against the threat of a neo-fascist coup.
1293:
organisation made efforts to incorporate environmentalism into Bolshevism and "integrate production with natural laws and limits" in the first decade of
5504:
4199:
1701:, 1924), Stalin argued that revolution in one country is insufficient. By the end of that year in the second edition of the book, he argued that the "
4913:
3183:
1313:
rejected environmentalism and believed that based on the laws of historical materialism, all of nature must be put into the service of revolution.
5239:
4825:
2166:
legislation and worked towards its repeal in the mid to late 1920s and early 1930s. Current positions associated with social progressivism in the
5332:
4336:
1516:
1368:, which was founded in June 2005. Its members held several influential positions within the party, including both the former Principal Speakers
1360:
Several left-wing or socialist groupings have an overt environmental concern and several green parties contain a strong socialist presence. The
6665:
4555:
3868:
2088:
1910:
asserted that "religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the
5159:
5052:
3041:
2860:
5212:
3846:
2229:
Various counterculture and anti-war movements in the 1960s and 1970s were associated with the New Left. Unlike the earlier leftist focus on
1922:
originally embraced an ideological principle which professed that all religion would eventually atrophy and resolved to eradicate organized
1399:, stating that "he Earth does not have enough for the North to live better and better, but it does have enough for all of us to live well".
6180:
5266:
5185:
4862:
1539:
2134:
is another common feature of modern leftism, particularly in the United States, where social progressives played an important role in the
2400:, among others. The New Left is also strongly supportive of LGBTQ rights and liberation, having been instrumental in the founding of the
720:
5899:
4442:
1249:
Leftists generally believe in innovation in various technological and philosophical fields and disciplines to help causes they support.
5133:
5078:
1941:
and the separation of church and state. However, religious beliefs have also been associated with many left-wing movements such as the
1381:
4965:
3972:
2924:
in the 1980s and 1990s, favour instead the restoration of Maoist policies and the immediate transition to a socialist economy. In the
5971:
2589:
1565:
was falsely convicted of sedition and exiled to a penal colony in 1894 before being exonerated in 1906, nationalism in the form of
773:
3608:
2040:
from schools, with some leftists supporting a ban based on the separation of church and state in accordance with the principle of
4037:
2648:
5631:"The failed amnesty of the 'years of lead' in Italy: Continuity and transformations between (de)politicization and punitiveness"
3579:
1930:
hierarchs were summarily executed by a firing squad, and children were deprived of any religious education outside of the home.
4124:
3808:
3777:
3512:
2680:
2467:
2233:
activism and a proletarian revolution, the New Left instead adopted a broader definition of political activism commonly called
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6003:
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5373:
5344:
5113:
5009:
4722:
4414:
3951:
3729:
3694:
3661:
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3336:
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2250:
1823:
850:
of society while those on the right were supportive of the traditional institutions of the Ancien Régime. Usage of the term
5786:
2345:
1658:
7281:
1099:. Left-wing politics are typically associated with popular or state control of major political and economic institutions.
7230:
7178:
3066:
725:
6993:
6598:
6658:
6508:
6086:
5564:
5539:
4893:
4167:
4021:
3552:
3461:
3387:
3233:
3046:
2628:
4499:
6493:
6137:
6115:
5450:
5001:
4685:
4629:
4475:
3296:
3197:
3139:
2684:
2425:
2135:
2118:
874:
810:
2257:. The British New Left was an intellectually driven movement which attempted to correct the perceived errors of the
7213:
6173:
5428:
4374:
3755:
3061:
2960:
2676:
2672:
1361:
730:
1118:. Marxian economics do not exclusively rely on Marx and draw from a range of Marxist and non-Marxist sources. The
376:
6026:
5656:
5635:
4651:
2710:
1120:
17:
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and argued that the nation is a "daily plebiscite" formed by the subjective "will to live together". Related to
7327:
2352:
1897:
1591:, rather than only focusing on their own countries. Proletarian internationalism is summed up in the slogan: "
6651:
5494:
4072:
2744:
describes a position within the political mainstream that accepts capitalism and a market economy. The terms
2284:
and advocates of women's rights were considered a part of the Left by their contemporaries. Feminist pioneer
1799:
1317:
381:
2698:, anything viewed as avant-garde art was called leftist across Europe, thus the identification of Picasso's
7075:
6674:
5941:
2998:
2429:
1592:
1580:
1471:
1142:
766:
164:
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nuclear and missile crises, to justify continuing domestic repression and reinforce its nationalist claims
4465:
2993:
in order to promote the notion that it was less left-wing than it had been in the past to accommodate the
1285:
succeeding generations". Following the Russian Revolution, environmental scientists such as revolutionary
7322:
7317:
7050:
6518:
6166:
5699:
5531:
4909:
4207:
3164:
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2218:
movement. Public education was a subject of great interest to groundbreaking social progressives such as
1463:
1232:
5235:
7128:
4784:
4270:
3468:
In the United States, the word liberal is often used to describe the left wing of the Democratic party.
3189:
2640:
2321:
2143:
1442:
while those further to the left support direct government regulation and intervention in the form of a
854:
became more prominent after the restoration of the French monarchy in 1815, when it was applied to the
712:
4349:
3750:
5706:
and state repressive measures. The increasing militarization and the use of political violence, from
3002:
2597:
2063:
1711:
Can We Build Socialism in One Country in the Absence of the Victory of the West-European Proletariat?
1674:
1547:
1455:
1427:
1392:
990:
693:
5300:
4804:
4286:
Green Bans, Red Union: Environmental Activism and the New South Wales Builders Labourers' Federation
4086:
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862:
was first appended to Left and Right in the late 19th century, usually with disparaging intent, and
6633:
6144:
5336:
5326:
5155:
5048:
2840:
2761:
2491:
1981:
based their theories of socialism upon Christian principles. Other common leftist concerns such as
1807:
1686:
1030:
902:
430:
361:
5208:
4128:
3838:
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which openly challenged the orthodoxies of the Old Left. Socialist feminism as exemplified by the
6938:
5181:
4769:
4714:
4591:
4525:
3686:
3649:
3259:
2463:
2439:
2360:
2100:
1648:
1597:
1228:
1111:
942:
759:
385:
5262:
4854:
4305:
Babylon and Beyond: The Economics of Anti-Capitalist, Anti-Globalist and Radical Green Movements
7095:
6797:
6463:
4799:
4081:
3717:
3453:
3447:
3131:
2844:
2487:
2033:
1847:
1725:" and condemned Stalin for betraying the goals and ideals of the socialist revolution. Various
1531:
1509:
1246:
due to its negative consequences for the poor, workers, the environment, and small businesses.
1243:
1188:
1174:
1115:
1002:
621:
3721:
3711:
3653:
3168:
2261:. The New Left opposed prevailing authoritarian structures in society which it designated as "
6986:
6732:
6538:
6533:
6220:
5688:
5074:
4432:
3943:
3812:
2656:
2401:
1950:
1889:
1827:
1614:
1467:
1271:
One of the foremost left-wing advocates was Thomas Paine, one of the first individuals since
1135:
1072:
978:
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602:
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371:
356:
317:
140:
120:
7247:
5129:
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agenda that seeks to overcome exploitation or oppression by other nations. Many Third World
6943:
6749:
6722:
6210:
4975:
4344:
3968:
3496:
3019:
2892:
2839:. In France, a distinction is made between the centre-left and the left represented by the
2605:
2522:
2356:
2325:
1978:
1942:
1791:
1726:
1722:
1334:
1200:
1048:
986:
918:
658:
450:
257:
110:
90:
5961:
5584:
1301:
attacked ecologists and the science of ecology, purged environmentalists and promoted the
877:
in a given time and place. At the end of the 18th century, upon the founding of the first
8:
7264:
7055:
6792:
6737:
6418:
6328:
6257:
6225:
5900:"Making sense of North Korea: "National Stalinism" in comparative-historical perspective"
5739:
5528:
Icons of the Left: Benjamin and Eisenstein, Picasso and Kafka After the Fall of Communism
5394:
3544:
3411:
3056:
2548:
2535:
2518:
2305:
2285:
2203:
2163:
2139:
1962:
1911:
1867:
1859:
1855:
1745:
1475:
1236:
1068:
1064:
1034:
1026:
974:
969:, each of which rose to prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries. In addition, the term
843:
819:
698:
688:
683:
668:
648:
505:
327:
312:
182:
130:
3500:
1713:, whose position was adopted as state policy after Stalin's January 1926 article titled
790:
7110:
6742:
6707:
6702:
6690:
6593:
6473:
6458:
6230:
6189:
6070:
5872:
5837:
5814:
5767:
5751:
5703:
5692:
5678:
5365:
5105:
4817:
4320:
4232:
4099:
3924:
3321:
3124:
3051:
2872:
2864:
2848:
2801:
2765:
2700:
2652:
2483:
2471:
2459:
2254:
2214:. The desire for an expansion of social and civil liberties often overlaps that of the
2211:
2067:
1958:
1851:
1587:
should act in solidarity with working people in other countries in pursuit of a common
1512:
1385:
1339:
1286:
1173:
believed that it would be rural peasants, not urban workers, who would bring about the
1084:
922:
653:
612:
547:
465:
277:
145:
66:
5915:
4041:
2241:, mass protest movements on school campuses and a broadening of focus from protesting
6822:
6712:
6685:
6608:
6563:
6398:
6247:
6200:
6148:
6133:
6111:
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6065:(2014). "Rethinking Revolution: Veganism, Animal Liberation, Ecology, and the Left".
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5859:
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5771:
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5560:
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5340:
5109:
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4154:
Gare, A. (1996). "Soviet Environmentalism: The Path Not Taken". In Benton, E. (ed.).
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4017:
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3642:
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2530:
2451:
2266:
2262:
2219:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2179:
2155:
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and other leftists opposing the prohibition based on personal and religious freedom.
1966:
1954:
1875:
1803:
1784:
1670:
1493:
1435:
1180:
1166:
1150:
1146:
1126:
1103:
1006:
998:
982:
926:
824:
470:
445:
85:
50:
4821:
4132:
3816:
3785:
3481:
1551:
1526:, who argued that colonialism diverted France from liberating the "blue line of the
1523:
7154:
7018:
7008:
6981:
6950:
6844:
6807:
6628:
6603:
6573:
6488:
6318:
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5911:
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inclination to view public affairs as the outcome of conspiracies and secret plots.
5798:
5743:
5715:
5660:
4947:
4809:
4224:
4216:
4091:
3508:
3504:
3091:
3010:
2912:
2773:
2769:
2753:
2655:, the phrase "the Left" was used to describe those who supported trade unions, the
2544:
2510:
2381:
2368:
2337:
2159:
1927:
1706:
1682:
1459:
1431:
1346:
1220:
1216:
1092:
994:
930:
836:
802:
607:
552:
534:
515:
500:
267:
197:
115:
5993:
5747:
3713:
The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics
2772:, representing economic, political and social democracy. The centre-left includes
2397:
1543:
832:
7142:
7115:
7013:
6772:
6578:
6513:
6448:
6383:
5946:
5423:
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3379:
2951:
2832:
2805:
2777:
2644:
2632:
2624:
2593:
2571:
2405:
2313:
2238:
2234:
2131:
1990:
1974:
1630:
1501:
1420:
1365:
1262:
1212:
1162:
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749:
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593:
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57:
38:
31:
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as follows: "Here we have 'leftist' confusion instead of natural, human music".
866:
was applied to those who were unorthodox in their religious or political views.
7166:
6901:
6881:
6876:
6864:
6558:
6543:
6503:
6453:
6368:
4850:
4410:
4405:
4159:
3781:
2946:
2876:
2797:
2785:
2617:
2613:
2552:
2297:
2292:. Many notable leftists have been strong supporters of gender equality such as
2207:
2055:
1986:
1938:
1919:
1863:
1815:
1795:
1773:
1769:
1749:
1639:
1588:
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1443:
1352:
1329:
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232:
212:
5802:
5665:
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4220:
1519:
7311:
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6933:
6837:
6759:
6613:
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6252:
6107:
6099:
5923:
5863:
5854:
5810:
5763:
5755:
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5287:
4936:
Introduction to A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right
4742:
4267:
Mao's War against Nature: Politics and the Environment in Revolutionary China
4095:
3683:
Social Democracy in Neoliberal Times: The Left and Economic Policy since 1980
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2925:
2921:
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2013:
1946:
1934:
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1802:
against imperialism by capitalists. Third-Worldism is closely connected with
1690:
1653:
1643:
1634:
1584:
1500:, the belligerent will to take revenge against Germany and retake control of
1325:
1302:
1298:
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1224:
1192:
1080:
1052:
1044:
890:
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262:
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4558:. Internet Archive. 27 July 2011. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011
3921:
Global Cooperation: Challenges and Opportunities in the Twenty-first Century
3482:"The environment, left-wing political orientation, and ecological economics"
1369:
1223:
and local control in which a nation of decentralized regions is united in a
6832:
6817:
6812:
6333:
6031:
5881:
4428:
3613:
3604:
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who were perceived to be more moderate and closer to the centre, accepting
2896:
2705:
2695:
2691:
2636:
2514:
2455:
2333:
2329:
2317:
2301:
2289:
2242:
2230:
2183:
2151:
2147:
2042:
2021:
1994:
1923:
1902:
1831:
1781:
1753:
1734:
1718:
1606:
1576:
1404:
1400:
1294:
1204:
1196:
581:
460:
420:
415:
351:
332:
192:
4677:
4621:
3416:
Black Flame: The Revolutionary Class Politics of Anarchism and Syndicalism
2375:, saw themselves as a part of the Left that challenges male-dominated and
1320:, led by the communist Jack Mundy, united with environmentalists to place
1017:
The following positions are typically associated with left-wing politics.
7040:
7003:
6998:
6928:
6849:
6827:
6777:
6754:
6588:
6568:
6548:
6498:
6443:
6378:
6373:
6338:
6062:
5644:
3905:
3371:
3225:
3076:
3006:
2904:
2856:
2729:
2609:
2556:
2498:
2421:
2385:
2372:
2274:
2215:
1970:
1881:
1871:
1819:
1788:
1777:
1741:
1705:
can and must build the socialist society in one country". In April 1925,
1702:
1618:
1602:
1555:
1535:
1505:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1434:
as the center-left often advocates a reliance on market measures such as
1416:
1412:
1396:
1388:
1156:
1088:
1076:
966:
934:
906:
455:
405:
341:
337:
307:
242:
172:
7137:
5787:"Similarities and Differences Between Left-Wing and Right-Wing Radicals"
5362:
The Movements of the New Left, 1950–1975: A Brief History with Documents
4378:
4065:"Capitalism as World-ecology: Braudel and Marx on Environmental History"
3745:
1430:, the Left is also divided over how to effectively and equitably reduce
744:
7100:
7060:
7030:
6916:
6896:
6787:
6643:
6433:
6323:
6103:
5711:
4437:
4289:
4228:
3222:
The Left In History: Revolution and Reform in Twentieth-Century Politic
3086:
2994:
2990:
2978:
2900:
2824:
2757:
2737:
2563:
2223:
2036:
in Britain. In France, the left has been divided over moves to ban the
2009:
1915:
1776:
is a tendency within leftist thought that regards the division between
1760:
1757:
1730:
1566:
1497:
1439:
1377:
1373:
1310:
1290:
1184:
1170:
1149:. Marx defined the proletariat as salaried workers, in contrast to the
1139:
886:
302:
237:
227:
7298:
7090:
7035:
7025:
6960:
6955:
6911:
6802:
6782:
6468:
6423:
6313:
6308:
6298:
6282:
6272:
6158:
5236:"Women Workers Struggle For Their Rights by Alexandra Kollontai 1919"
3328:
3081:
3023:
2986:
2965:
2942:
2937:
2884:
2868:
2828:
2820:
2575:
2560:
2540:
2506:
2502:
2389:
2341:
2309:
2281:
2017:
1907:
1835:
1678:
1449:
1408:
1321:
1240:
1131:
1107:
1096:
1040:
958:
954:
950:
910:
639:
510:
282:
272:
187:
177:
5209:"The Social Basis of the Woman Question by Alexandra Kollontai 1909"
2788:. Centre-left supporters accept market allocation of resources in a
2704:
as "leftist" in Europe and the condemnation of the Russian composer
1376:, himself an eco-socialist and Marxist academic. In Europe, several
30:"Leftism" redirects here. For the album by the group Leftfield, see
7080:
7070:
7065:
6921:
6891:
6886:
6871:
6727:
6697:
6623:
6618:
6393:
6388:
6262:
6215:
5998:
5966:
5707:
5696:
3419:
2888:
2880:
2733:
2479:
2475:
2270:
2258:
2187:
2059:
2012:
Social Gospel movement arose in the United States which integrated
1982:
1765:
1626:
839:
322:
247:
222:
217:
207:
100:
7161:
4500:"The Nation: We Have Yet to See The Biggest Costs of the BP Spill"
7105:
6965:
6906:
6854:
6438:
6343:
6303:
6067:
The Politics of Total Liberation: Revolution for the 21st Century
4595:
4529:
3940:
Networking Futures: The Movements against Corporate Globalization
3355:
Gauchet, Marcel (1996). "Right and Left". In Nora, Pierre (ed.).
2852:
2526:
2434:
2293:
2175:
2025:
1893:
1610:
1573:
962:
202:
3609:"Green party to position itself as the real left of UK politics"
2551:
across Europe, asserted that all of human history is defined by
1721:
and his supporters, who declared the need for an international "
1508:. In the 1880s, there was a debate between leftists such as the
27:
Political ideologies favoring social equality and egalitarianism
6859:
6413:
6348:
6130:
Forging Democracy: The History of the Left in Europe, 1850–2000
5648:
2716:
2376:
2246:
1998:
1822:. Several left-wing groups in the developing world such as the
1811:
1717:(К вопросам ленинизма) was published. This idea was opposed by
1622:
1554:, the president of the Parliamentary Colonial Group. After the
1527:
410:
7149:
5742:
on behalf of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: 410–425.
1794:
as being of high political importance. This tendency supports
7172:
4040:. Leonora.fortunecity.co.uk. 14 December 2007. Archived from
2494:, but only a small portion of the population supported this.
2454:
as the political groups opposed to the royal veto privilege (
2344:
ideology. Marxists were responsible for organizing the first
2087:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
2037:
2002:
1350:
Global warming was the cover story of this 2007 issue of the
1138:, to describe what they see as a temporary state between the
917:
typically applies to ideologies and movements to the left of
5130:"Rosa Luxemburg: Women's Suffrage and Class Struggle (1912)"
3185:
The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Political Thought
3159:
Left and Right: The Significance of a Political Distinction
3097:
2237:. The New Left in the United States is associated with the
1737:
formally supported the theory of socialism in one country.
2049:
2490:
was an attempt by the Left to re-assert itself after the
37:"Left wing" redirects here. For the sports position, see
5012:. " the progressive assumptions of 'uplift'." (page 40).
2647:
is possible by a redistribution of resources. After the
1617:. Some Marxists, together with others on the left, view
3126:
Cultures at War: Moral Conflicts in Western Democracies
2831:. They have been used to describe groups that advocate
1309:
during his rule up until his death in 1953. Similarly,
5290:, La Droite, hier et aujourd'hui, tempus, 2012, p. 12.
5049:"Tony Cliff: Trotsky on substitutionism (Autumn 1960)"
4556:"The Yes Men Fix the World :: Scrutiny Hooligans"
3644:
Imposing values: an essay on liberalism and regulation
2764:, instead advocating for a socialist society based on
2533:
as a force within left-wing politics. The influential
2470:. Throughout the 19th century, the main line dividing
7126:
5104:(2nd ed.). Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire :
4998:
Abolitionist Politics and the Coming of the Civil War
827:, referring to the seating arrangement in the French
3540:
International Encyclopedia of Environmental Politics
2887:, sabotage and damage to property, the formation of
1446:, either alongside or instead of market mechanisms.
5629:Rossi, Federica (April 2021). Treiber, Kyle (ed.).
3409:
1752:, although there is a minority of nationalists and
1733:see themselves as standing in this tradition while
1729:groups around the world who describe themselves as
1569:increasingly became associated with the far-right.
5723:
4467:Profit Over People: Neoliberalism and Global Order
3320:
3123:
1633:tactics used by the ruling classes to prevent the
1450:Nationalism, anti-imperialism and anti-nationalism
873:vary greatly depending on the placement along the
831:. Those who sat on the left generally opposed the
5836:Kopyciok, Svenja; Silver, Hilary (10 June 2021).
5328:Demanding the Impossible — A History of Anarchism
5182:"Clara Zetkin: Lenin on the Women's Question – 1"
4964:Biema, David van; Chu, Jeff (10 September 2006).
3122:Smith, T. Alexander; Tatalovich, Raymond (2003).
2935:In the United Kingdom during the 1980s, the term
7309:
6110:, Second Edition, Oxford University Press 1998,
5994:"MPs approve annual welfare cap in Commons vote"
5156:"Clara Zetkin: On a Bourgeois Feminist Petition"
4652:"Carbon tax not the solution we need on climate"
4576:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3971:. Thomas Paine National Historical Association.
842:and supported the Revolution, the creation of a
5729:
5598:"Leftwing Extremists Increase in Cyber Attacks"
5495:"Study finds left-wing brain, right-wing brain"
4470:(1st ed.). New York: Seven Stories Press.
3398:is one of the best left-wing journals around...
3121:
2955:newspaper as well as Trotskyist groups such as
2728:The spectrum of left-wing politics ranges from
2355:is closely connected to the New Left and other
1709:elaborated on the issue in his brochure titled
5835:
5785:McClosky, Herbert; Chong, Dennis (July 1985).
5353:
4200:"The Environmental Record of the Soviet Union"
3918:
2800:. Centre-left policies tend to favour limited
2513:became key features of the French Left. After
2340:because they considered it to be a capitalist
2194:, LGBTQ rights including legal recognition of
1997:and the rejection of capitalism and excessive
1926:and other religious institutions. In 1918, 10
1130:are terms used by some Marxists, particularly
6659:
6174:
5898:Chen, Cheng; Lee, Ji-Yong (1 December 2007).
5784:
4622:"Rudd's carbon trading — locking in disaster"
3992:
3990:
3154:
3042:History of trade unions in the United Kingdom
2861:United States Department of Homeland Security
2608:(1888–1916) became divided over the issue of
2085:The examples and perspective in this section
1530:", in reference to Alsace-Lorraine; and the "
1067:advocacy of a council-based and self-managed
767:
5525:
5100:Campling, Jo (2003). Bryson, Valerie (ed.).
4427:
3809:"Some Basic Principles of Marxian Economics"
3130:. Toronto, Canada: Broadview Press. p.
2819:have been associated with many varieties of
2602:International Workers' Association (IWA–AIT)
2245:-based oppression to include issues such as
1685:and led to the promotion of the doctrine of
1154:
5451:"Is it Spain's place to investigate Gitmo?"
4782:
4710:The Oxford History of the French Revolution
4038:"William Morris: The First Green Socialist"
3318:
2269:. This view has been criticized by several
1740:European social democrats strongly support
6666:
6652:
6181:
6167:
5622:
5391:American Folk Music and Left-Wing Politics
5102:Feminist Political Theory: An Introduction
3987:
3709:
2932:is used for social and cultural politics.
2690:Since the Right was populist, both in the
2103:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
1772:have adopted leftist and socialist ideas.
1693:. In the first edition of his book titled
973:has also been applied to a broad range of
774:
760:
6125:, Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1993.
5871:
5853:
5664:
5359:
5260:
4912:. Anti-Imperialism.org. 2 November 2011.
4803:
4085:
3369:
3357:Realms of memory: conflicts and divisions
3285:Political Economy: A Comparative Approach
3155:Bobbio, Norberto; Cameron, Allan (1997).
2969:was applied to supporters of the British
2671:have often been used as synonyms for the
2620:, saw themselves as further to the left.
2529:began to rival radical republicanism and
2119:Learn how and when to remove this message
1888:, strongly opposing the influence of the
1039:Left-leaning economic beliefs range from
941:is typically reserved for movements more
893:in France, supporting a lesser degree of
6673:
6024:
5324:
5099:
4963:
4763:
4317:
3479:
3219:
2612:. Those who opposed the war, among them
2521:and the subsequent establishment of the
2433:
1345:
1114:or his belief in the inevitability of a
5942:"China launches 'New Deal' for farmers"
5897:
5559:(New ed.). London: Omnibus Press.
5492:
5293:
5261:Kollontai, Alexandra (26 August 1920).
4883:
4463:
4337:"Poor Bear Burden of Industrialisation"
4283:
4264:
4011:
3869:"Communists: Marxism Fails on the Farm"
3633:
3354:
3319:Knapp, Andrew; Wright, Vincent (2006).
3314:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3117:
3115:
2997:trend arising since the 1970s with the
2623:In the United States, leftists such as
2162:. Progressives have both advocated for
2050:Social progressivism and counterculture
1504:, nationalism was sometimes opposed to
1161:, Marx scarcely mentioned the subject.
1106:, named after the economic theories of
14:
7310:
6188:
5554:
4751:History of the extreme right in France
4747:Histoire de l'extrême droite en France
4741:
4497:
4334:
3996:
3899:
3639:
3603:
3518:from the original on 21 September 2017
3343:the government and politics of france.
3256:The Desk Encyclopedia of World History
3253:
2590:International Workingmen's Association
2581:. It was in this period that the word
2559:revolution would eventually overthrow
1937:, those on the Left generally support
1382:European United Left–Nordic Green Left
6647:
6162:
6006:from the original on 30 November 2018
5628:
5493:Gellene, Denise (10 September 2007).
5388:
5242:from the original on 12 December 2018
5233:
5206:
5081:from the original on 20 February 2009
4849:
4706:
4182:
4062:
3937:
3931:
3621:from the original on 13 February 2017
3536:
3445:
3323:The government and politics of France
3282:
2752:are used for positions that are more
2585:was appended to both Left and Right.
2474:was between supporters of the French
1824:Zapatista Army of National Liberation
1364:features an eco-socialist group, the
7179:
6061:
6039:from the original on 2 February 2017
5904:Communist and Post-Communist Studies
5791:British Journal of Political Science
5215:from the original on 28 October 2019
5188:from the original on 30 October 2019
5136:from the original on 13 January 2017
5029:from the original on 10 January 2009
5023:"For Teachers (Library of Congress)"
4938:. Collected Works, vol. 3. New York.
4916:from the original on 16 October 2017
4886:The Continuing Appeal of Nationalism
4678:"James Hansen and climate solutions"
4654:. Solidarity Online. 10 March 2010.
4526:"Naomi Klein- Climate Debt (Part 1)"
4302:
4197:
4153:
3758:from the original on 27 January 2016
3680:
3305:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3181:
3175:
3112:
2711:The Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District
2071:
1664:The Continuing Appeal of Nationalism
1659:Against His-Story, Against Leviathan
1332:articulated a left-wing response to
5581:Le dictionnaire de l'extrême gauche
4831:from the original on 10 August 2017
4592:"Kucinich responds to BP Oil Spill"
4445:from the original on 9 January 2011
4413:. 25 September 2007. Archived from
3849:from the original on 7 October 2008
3067:List of left-wing political parties
2847:and the far-left as represented by
2328:philosophers and activists such as
2312:philosophers and activists such as
1613:of proletarian internationalism is
1609:. According to Marxist theory, the
1219:control of the economy, preferring
24:
6055:
6025:Kampfner, John (5 November 2012).
5507:from the original on 12 April 2010
5461:from the original on 25 April 2014
5184:. Marxists.org. 29 February 2004.
5158:. Marxists.org. 28 December 2008.
4865:from the original on 19 March 2020
4688:from the original on 19 March 2016
4658:from the original on 21 April 2013
4632:from the original on 20 March 2016
4532:. 26 February 2010. Archived from
4506:from the original on 26 March 2017
4433:"How to Solve the Climate Problem"
4246:from the original on 14 March 2020
3047:Labor history of the United States
2210:, and public funding of embryonic
2204:right to change one's legal gender
1343:poorer communities and countries.
1338:model that predicted catastrophic
25:
7339:
6096:Encyclopedia of the American Left
5974:from the original on 1 March 2021
5916:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2007.10.003
5693:extra-parliamentary organizations
5301:"Home: Oxford English Dictionary"
5162:from the original on 17 July 2018
5055:from the original on 15 June 2010
5002:University of Massachusetts Press
4910:"What is Maioism-Third Worldism?"
4783:Solomos, John; Back, Les (1995).
4335:Ritten, Sanra (19 October 2007).
4131:. 8 December 2007. Archived from
4001:. New York: Monthly Review Press.
3966:
3877:. 13 October 1961. Archived from
3806:
3242:
2871:far-left politics have motivated
2346:International Working Women's Day
2170:include strong opposition to the
1169:was a revolutionary class, while
793:that support and seek to achieve
7290:
7273:
7256:
7239:
7222:
7205:
7188:
7160:
7148:
7136:
6147:, Palgrave Macmillan, UK, 2007,
6132:, Oxford University Press 2002,
5838:"Left-Wing Xenophobia in Europe"
5526:Werckmeister, Otto Karl (1999).
5419:"Steel to gop fight for Coleman"
5269:from the original on 23 May 2018
4785:"Marxism, Racism, and Ethnicity"
4016:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
3975:from the original on 27 May 2022
3188:(Reprint. ed.). Cambridge:
3062:List of left-wing internationals
2811:In several countries, the terms
2639:, who introduced the concept of
2635:were influenced by the works of
2076:
1900:, ushering in a policy known as
1362:Green Party of England and Wales
977:social movements, including the
923:democracy in the economic sphere
743:
6143:"Leftism in India, 1917–1947",
6018:
5986:
5954:
5934:
5891:
5829:
5778:
5702:, and an upsurge in the use of
5657:European Society of Criminology
5636:European Journal of Criminology
5590:
5573:
5548:
5519:
5486:
5473:
5443:
5411:
5382:
5318:
5281:
5254:
5227:
5200:
5174:
5148:
5122:
5093:
5077:. Scribd.com. 6 November 2006.
5067:
5041:
5015:
4990:
4966:"Does God Want You To Be Rich?"
4957:
4954:HarperCollins (2006), p. 41–43.
4941:
4928:
4902:
4877:
4843:
4776:
4757:
4735:
4700:
4670:
4644:
4614:
4584:
4548:
4518:
4491:
4457:
4421:
4393:
4367:
4328:
4311:
4296:
4277:
4258:
4191:
4176:
4147:
4129:Socialist Worker#United Kingdom
4117:
4056:
4030:
4005:
3960:
3912:
3893:
3861:
3831:
3800:
3770:
3738:
3703:
3674:
3597:
3565:
3530:
3473:
3439:
3403:
2985:, the Labour Party adopted the
2963:. In the same period, the term
2547:, published amidst the wave of
1121:dictatorship of the proletariat
6509:Open–closed political spectrum
6027:"Labour's return to the right"
5732:International Critical Thought
5704:politically motivated violence
5427:. 3 March 2009. Archived from
4859:Speeches On Gramophone Records
4073:Organization & Environment
3509:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.06.006
3418:. Counter-Power. Vol. 1.
3396:International Socialist Review
3363:
3348:
3276:
3213:
3148:
3005:. One of the first actions of
2438:The 5 May 1789 opening of the
2008:In the late 19th century, the
1898:separation of church and state
1669:The failure of revolutions in
1380:political parties such as the
1252:
13:
1:
6494:Left–right political spectrum
5748:10.1080/21598282.2018.1506262
4792:American Behavioral Scientist
4598:. 26 May 2010. Archived from
3718:Harvard Business School Press
3446:Revel, Jean Francois (2009).
3105:
2961:Alliance for Workers' Liberty
2941:was applied to supporters of
2916:denotes those who oppose the
2804:in matters pertaining to the
2426:Left–right political spectrum
1800:national liberation movements
1677:in the 1918–1920 years ended
1625:(including antisemitism) and
1318:Builders Labourers Federation
811:left–right political spectrum
4888:. Detroit: Black & Red.
3919:Krishna-Hensel, Sai (2006).
3710:Beinhocker, Eric D. (2006).
3254:Wright, Edmund, ed. (2006).
2999:displacement of Keynesianism
2679:parties, or as synonyms for
2651:era in the aftermath of the
2430:History of political thought
1593:Workers of the world, unite!
1583:asserts that members of the
1581:proletarian internationalism
1472:Proletarian internationalism
1211:and communes, opposing both
1020:
1012:
925:. Today, ideologies such as
921:, supporting some degree of
895:hierarchical decision-making
869:Ideologies considered to be
7:
6519:Right-wing authoritarianism
5962:"Benn's golden anniversary"
5710:and damage to property, to
5532:University of Chicago Press
4814:10.1177/0002764295038003004
4208:Capitalism Nature Socialism
3452:. Encounter Books. p.
3165:University of Chicago Press
3029:
2353:women's liberation movement
2296:philosophers and activists
2099:, discuss the issue on the
1841:
1464:Internationalism (politics)
1239:movement, protests against
1233:anti-globalisation movement
1005:as well as a wide range of
726:Political parties by region
516:Party convention/conference
10:
7344:
4377:. Gptu.net. Archived from
4284:Burgman, Meredith (1998).
4271:Cambridge University Press
3938:Juris, Jeffrey S. (2008).
3190:Cambridge University Press
2977:. Under the leadership of
2949:and those involved in the
2756:, more strongly rejecting
2641:asset-based egalitarianism
2415:
2411:
2144:United States Constitution
2053:
1845:
1770:anti-colonialist movements
1453:
1256:
1102:Other leftists believe in
1024:
713:Lists of political parties
36:
29:
6974:
6768:
6681:
6526:
6481:
6406:
6356:
6291:
6239:
6196:
5803:10.1017/S0007123400004221
5666:10.1177/14773708211008441
5389:Reuss, JoAnne C. (2000).
5305:Oxford English Dictionary
5075:"Against Substitutionism"
4766:Communism and Nationalism
4221:10.1080/10455750208565489
3778:"The Neo-Marxian Schools"
3640:Arnold, N. Scott (2009).
3327:(5th ed.). London :
3287:. Westport, Connecticut:
3220:Thompson, Willie (1997).
3003:post-war social democracy
2598:Saint-Imier International
2497:In the mid-19th century,
2064:Socialism and LGBT rights
1914:". In Soviet Russia, the
1715:On the Issues of Leninism
1456:Anarchism and nationalism
1428:climate change mitigation
1393:environmental degradation
991:abortion-rights movements
903:traditional conservatives
889:in the United States and
801:, often in opposition to
721:Ruling parties by country
694:National unity government
6145:Satyabrata Rai Chowdhuri
5855:10.3389/fsoc.2021.666717
5325:Marshall, Peter (1993).
5263:"1920-Inter Women's Day"
4764:Szporluk, Roman (1991).
4713:(2nd ed.). Oxford:
4498:Trisha (6 August 2010).
4265:Shapiro, Judith (2001).
4096:10.1177/1086026603259091
2989:and rebranded itself as
2762:representative democracy
2723:
2596:, anarchists formed the
2555:. They predicted that a
2404:in the aftermath of the
2146:, and the protection of
1808:Latin American socialism
1687:socialism in one country
1638:nationalism strives for
1031:Marxism and Keynesianism
731:Banned political parties
431:Leader of the Opposition
399:Leaders and organization
362:Parliamentary opposition
6079:10.1057/9781137440723_4
5716:targeted assassinations
5579:Cosseron, Serge (ed.).
4884:Perlman, Fredy (1985).
4770:Oxford University Press
4715:Oxford University Press
4707:Doyle, William (2002).
4401:"President Evo Morales"
4156:The Greening of Marxism
3902:A Movement of Movements
3843:Encyclopædia Britannica
3751:Encyclopædia Britannica
3687:Oxford University Press
3650:Oxford University Press
3480:Neumayer, Eric (2004).
3260:Oxford University Press
2440:Estates General of 1789
2361:Freedom Socialist Party
1748:integration within the
1727:Fourth Internationalist
1699:Foundations of Leninism
1649:Nationalism and Culture
1598:The Communist Manifesto
1229:global justice movement
1112:revolutionary socialism
823:were coined during the
789:describes the range of
6464:Social justice warrior
5842:Frontiers in Sociology
5555:Gutman, David (1996).
5234:Kollontai, Alexandra.
5207:Kollontai, Alexandra.
4464:Chomsky, Noam (1999).
3997:Foster, J. B. (2000).
3573:"Democratic socialism"
3376:The Case for Socialism
3182:Ball, Terence (2005).
3022:society and an end to
2952:London Labour Briefing
2845:French Communist Party
2446:In politics, the term
2443:
2138:, the enshrinement of
2034:Stop the War Coalition
1848:Anarchism and religion
1681:hopes for an imminent
1357:
1244:economic globalisation
1189:libertarian socialists
1175:proletarian revolution
1155:
1116:proletarian revolution
1003:environmental movement
943:critical of capitalism
7328:Political terminology
6539:Democratic transition
6534:Anti-authoritarianism
6409:Political pejoratives
4996:James Brewer Stewrt,
4855:"Anti-Jewish Pogroms"
4417:on 23 September 2015.
4375:"Green Left homepage"
4318:Commoner, B. (1972).
4063:Moore, J. W. (2003).
3944:Duke University Press
3813:University of Toronto
3681:Glyn, Andrew (2001).
3283:Clark, Barry (1998).
2657:civil rights movement
2643:which theorises that
2437:
2402:LGBTQ rights movement
2322:Lucía Sánchez Saornil
1951:civil rights movement
1890:Roman Catholic Church
1828:Abahlali baseMjondolo
1615:bourgeois nationalism
1468:Left-wing nationalism
1349:
1075:, leftists supported
1073:Industrial Revolution
979:civil rights movement
933:are considered to be
885:was used to describe
664:Confidence and supply
521:Leadership convention
372:Official party status
328:Entrepreneurial party
6675:Political ideologies
6294:Political ideologies
6123:The British New Left
5740:Taylor & Francis
5695:, the presence of a
4431:(31 December 2009).
4345:Blacksmith Institute
4198:Gare, Arran (2002).
4162:. pp. 111–128.
4012:Burkett, P. (1999).
3900:Mertes, Tom (2004).
3607:(5 September 2014).
3545:Taylor & Francis
3537:Barry, John (2002).
3489:Ecological Economics
3412:Van der Walt, Lucien
3378:(Revised ed.).
3020:democratic socialist
2893:political repression
2606:Second International
2357:new social movements
2326:democratic socialist
2136:abolition of slavery
2132:Social progressivism
2097:improve this section
2001:can be found in the
1979:Comte de Saint-Simon
1943:progressive movement
1792:developing countries
1723:permanent revolution
1652:and by the works of
1595:", the last line of
1540:Moderate Republicans
1522:and the nationalist
1423:hold similar views.
1335:The Limits to Growth
1231:, also known as the
1049:industrial democracy
987:LGBT rights movement
919:classical liberalism
791:political ideologies
669:Consensus government
659:Coalition government
451:Parliamentary leader
258:Classical radicalism
6793:Christian democracy
6419:Champagne socialist
6329:Christian Democracy
6258:Anti-Stalinist left
6242:Political positions
6073:. pp. 79–106.
5970:. 4 December 2000.
5950:. 22 February 2006.
5395:The Scarecrow Press
4185:The Enemy of Nature
3839:"Lumpenproletariat"
3585:on 2 September 2006
3501:2004EcoEc..51..167N
3449:Last Exit to Utopia
3057:Left-wing terrorism
2910:In China, the term
2549:revolutions of 1848
2536:Communist Manifesto
2482:'s privileges. The
2306:Alexandra Kollontai
2286:Mary Wollstonecraft
2164:alcohol prohibition
1963:Liberation Theology
1912:opium of the people
1868:Christian socialism
1860:Christian communism
1856:Christian anarchism
1785:developed countries
1646:in his book titled
1476:Anti-Stalinist Left
1237:alter-globalisation
1069:anarchist communism
1065:anarcho-syndicalist
1059:of the economy and
1035:Socialist economics
1027:Anarchist economics
913:politics, the term
899:right-wing politics
879:liberal democracies
844:democratic republic
750:Politics portal
699:Rotation government
689:Minority government
684:Majority government
649:Parliamentary group
506:Leadership election
183:Christian democracy
7323:Political spectrum
7318:Left-wing politics
7175:Left-wing politics
6708:Political spectrum
6594:Anti-establishment
6459:Social imperialism
6364:Buddhist Socialism
6359:Religious politics
6190:Political spectrum
6071:Palgrave Macmillan
5700:far right movement
5366:Palgrave Macmillan
5360:Van Gosse (2005).
5106:Palgrave Macmillan
5025:. Lcweb2.loc.gov.
4978:on 12 January 2007
4934:Marx, Karl. 1976.
4753:] (in French).
4602:on 28 October 2021
4536:on 28 October 2021
4321:The Closing Circle
4183:Kovel, J. (2002).
4125:"Marx and ecology"
3969:"Agrarian Justice"
3925:Ashgate Publishing
3881:on 6 February 2009
3819:on 20 October 2007
3410:Schmidt, Michael;
3052:Left-wing populism
2873:political violence
2865:far-right politics
2849:anarcho-communists
2802:state intervention
2792:with an empowered
2766:economic democracy
2653:American Civil War
2484:June Days uprising
2462:deputies from the
2444:
2288:was influenced by
2255:sexual orientation
2212:stem-cell research
2206:, distribution of
2186:, and support for
2068:Socialist feminism
1959:capital punishment
1852:Buddhist socialism
1631:divide and conquer
1513:Georges Clemenceau
1386:Bolivian president
1358:
1340:resource depletion
1287:Alexander Bogdanov
1085:race to the bottom
1043:economics and the
975:culturally liberal
875:political spectrum
787:Left-wing politics
654:Divided government
548:Crossing the floor
494:Internal elections
466:Party spokesperson
377:Single-issue party
67:Political Spectrum
7124:
7123:
6823:Constitutionalism
6686:The Establishment
6641:
6640:
6609:The Establishment
6564:Identity politics
6399:Religious Zionism
6153:978-0-230-51716-5
6002:. 26 March 2014.
5655:on behalf of the
5653:SAGE Publications
5500:Los Angeles Times
5404:978-0-8108-3684-6
5375:978-1-4039-6804-3
5346:978-0-00-686245-1
5115:978-0-333-94568-1
5010:978-1-55849-635-4
4724:978-0-19-925298-5
4684:. 13 March 2010.
4682:Green Left Weekly
4626:Green Left Weekly
4303:Wall, D. (2005).
3953:978-0-8223-4269-4
3754:. 15 April 2009.
3731:978-1-57851-777-0
3716:. Boston, Mass.:
3696:978-0-19-924138-5
3663:978-0-495-50112-1
3429:978-1-904859-16-1
3338:978-0-415-35732-6
3269:978-0-7394-7809-7
3072:Post-left anarchy
3037:Conflict theories
2663:. More recently,
2661:anti-war movement
2579:communist society
2531:utopian socialism
2478:and those of the
2468:National Assembly
2452:French Revolution
2450:derives from the
2371:, spearheaded by
2267:social revolution
2263:The Establishment
2220:Lester Frank Ward
2202:of children, the
2200:same-sex adoption
2196:same-sex marriage
2192:cognitive liberty
2180:mass surveillance
2129:
2128:
2121:
1969:thinkers such as
1967:utopian socialist
1955:anti-war movement
1876:Islamic socialism
1804:African socialism
1561:in which officer
1494:civic nationalism
1436:emissions trading
1201:workers' councils
1181:Left-libertarians
1167:lumpenproletariat
1151:lumpenproletariat
1147:communist society
1136:Marxist–Leninists
1104:Marxian economics
1007:political parties
999:anti-war movement
983:feminist movement
927:social liberalism
829:National Assembly
825:French Revolution
784:
783:
630:
629:
446:Political faction
154:
153:
16:(Redirected from
7335:
7303:
7295:
7294:
7293:
7286:
7278:
7277:
7276:
7269:
7261:
7260:
7259:
7252:
7244:
7243:
7242:
7235:
7227:
7226:
7225:
7218:
7210:
7209:
7208:
7201:
7193:
7192:
7191:
7181:
7165:
7164:
7153:
7152:
7141:
7140:
7132:
7051:Internationalism
6982:Authoritarianism
6951:Social democracy
6845:Environmentalism
6808:Communitarianism
6668:
6661:
6654:
6645:
6644:
6629:Radical politics
6604:Communitarianism
6574:Authoritarianism
6489:Horseshoe theory
6319:Social Democracy
6278:Radical centrism
6268:Centrist Marxism
6183:
6176:
6169:
6160:
6159:
6092:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6044:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
5990:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5979:
5958:
5952:
5951:
5938:
5932:
5931:
5895:
5889:
5888:
5875:
5857:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5782:
5776:
5775:
5727:
5721:
5720:
5668:
5626:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5610:on 19 April 2009
5609:
5603:. Archived from
5602:
5594:
5588:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5512:
5490:
5484:
5483:, 29 April 2009.
5477:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5447:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5436:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5322:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5311:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5274:
5265:. Marxists.org.
5258:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5238:. Marxists.org.
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5211:. Marxists.org.
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5132:. Marxists.org.
5126:
5120:
5119:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5086:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5060:
5051:. Marxists.org.
5045:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5019:
5013:
4994:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4974:. Archived from
4961:
4955:
4948:Michael Burleigh
4945:
4939:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4830:
4807:
4789:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4768:(2nd ed.).
4761:
4755:
4754:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4618:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4575:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4381:on 11 March 2009
4371:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4348:. Archived from
4341:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4245:
4204:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4151:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4140:
4135:on 26 March 2010
4121:
4115:
4114:
4113:on 13 July 2011.
4112:
4106:. Archived from
4089:
4069:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4044:on 13 April 2010
4034:
4028:
4027:
4009:
4003:
4002:
3994:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3964:
3958:
3957:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3815:. Archived from
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3788:on 16 April 2009
3784:. Archived from
3774:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3678:
3672:
3671:
3647:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3578:. Archived from
3577:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3495:(3–4): 167–175.
3486:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3326:
3316:
3303:
3302:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3251:
3240:
3239:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3162:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3129:
3119:
3092:Social criticism
3011:House of Commons
2918:economic reforms
2913:Chinese New Left
2774:social democrats
2770:direct democracy
2687:, respectively.
2545:Friedrich Engels
2511:anti-clericalism
2382:Edward Carpenter
2369:Marxist feminism
2338:liberal feminism
2160:multiculturalism
2140:women's suffrage
2124:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2104:
2080:
2079:
2072:
1928:Russian Orthodox
1707:Nikolai Bukharin
1695:Osnovy Leninizma
1683:world revolution
1480:The question of
1460:Anti-imperialism
1432:carbon emissions
1221:social ownership
1160:
1143:state of affairs
1095:who adopted the
1093:social democrats
1061:central planning
995:multiculturalism
945:, including the
931:social democracy
803:social hierarchy
776:
769:
762:
748:
747:
587:
586:
553:Party discipline
535:Party discipline
501:Primary election
357:Opposition party
268:Social democracy
198:Environmentalism
72:
71:
46:
45:
21:
7343:
7342:
7338:
7337:
7336:
7334:
7333:
7332:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7296:
7291:
7289:
7279:
7274:
7272:
7268:from Wikisource
7262:
7257:
7255:
7245:
7240:
7238:
7228:
7223:
7221:
7211:
7206:
7204:
7200:from Wiktionary
7194:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7180:sister projects
7177:at Knowledge's
7171:
7159:
7147:
7135:
7127:
7125:
7120:
7116:Totalitarianism
6970:
6773:Accelerationism
6764:
6677:
6672:
6642:
6637:
6579:Totalitarianism
6531:
6522:
6514:Pournelle chart
6486:
6477:
6449:Regressive left
6411:
6402:
6384:Christian Right
6361:
6352:
6296:
6287:
6244:
6235:
6192:
6187:
6089:
6058:
6056:Further reading
6053:
6052:
6042:
6040:
6023:
6019:
6009:
6007:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5977:
5975:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5947:Financial Times
5940:
5939:
5935:
5896:
5892:
5834:
5830:
5783:
5779:
5728:
5724:
5627:
5623:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5591:
5578:
5574:
5567:
5553:
5549:
5542:
5524:
5520:
5510:
5508:
5491:
5487:
5478:
5474:
5464:
5462:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5434:
5432:
5431:on 22 July 2011
5417:
5416:
5412:
5405:
5387:
5383:
5376:
5358:
5354:
5347:
5323:
5319:
5309:
5307:
5299:
5298:
5294:
5286:
5282:
5272:
5270:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5243:
5232:
5228:
5218:
5216:
5205:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5154:
5153:
5149:
5139:
5137:
5128:
5127:
5123:
5116:
5098:
5094:
5084:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5068:
5058:
5056:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5032:
5030:
5021:
5020:
5016:
4995:
4991:
4981:
4979:
4962:
4958:
4946:
4942:
4933:
4929:
4919:
4917:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4896:
4882:
4878:
4868:
4866:
4851:Lenin, Vladimir
4848:
4844:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4805:10.1.1.602.5843
4787:
4781:
4777:
4762:
4758:
4740:
4736:
4725:
4705:
4701:
4691:
4689:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4661:
4659:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4635:
4633:
4628:. 23 May 2009.
4620:
4619:
4615:
4605:
4603:
4590:
4589:
4585:
4569:
4568:
4561:
4559:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4539:
4537:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4507:
4496:
4492:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4426:
4422:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4384:
4382:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4358:
4356:
4355:on 3 March 2016
4352:
4339:
4333:
4329:
4316:
4312:
4301:
4297:
4282:
4278:
4263:
4259:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4202:
4196:
4192:
4181:
4177:
4170:
4152:
4148:
4138:
4136:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4110:
4087:10.1.1.472.6464
4067:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4024:
4014:Marx and Nature
4010:
4006:
3995:
3988:
3978:
3976:
3967:Paine, Thomas.
3965:
3961:
3954:
3936:
3932:
3917:
3913:
3898:
3894:
3884:
3882:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3852:
3850:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3822:
3820:
3805:
3801:
3791:
3789:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3761:
3759:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3732:
3708:
3704:
3697:
3679:
3675:
3664:
3638:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3602:
3598:
3588:
3586:
3582:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3555:
3535:
3531:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3484:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3422:. p. 128.
3408:
3404:
3390:
3382:. p. 164.
3380:Haymarket Books
3368:
3364:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3317:
3306:
3299:
3281:
3277:
3270:
3262:. p. 370.
3252:
3243:
3236:
3218:
3214:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3192:. p. 614.
3180:
3176:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3120:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3032:
2891:organizations,
2841:Socialist Party
2833:anti-capitalism
2806:public interest
2796:and a thriving
2778:social liberals
2760:and mainstream
2726:
2645:social equality
2633:trade unionists
2625:social liberals
2594:Mikhail Bakunin
2492:1848 Revolution
2488:Second Republic
2432:
2414:
2406:Stonewall Riots
2314:Virginia Bolten
2239:hippie movement
2235:social activism
2125:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2094:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2052:
1991:racial equality
1975:Charles Fourier
1892:and supporting
1878:
1844:
1826:in Mexico, the
1502:Alsace-Lorraine
1478:
1452:
1421:Dennis Kucinich
1269:
1263:Green anarchism
1255:
1195:economy run by
1163:Mikhail Bakunin
1057:nationalization
1037:
1023:
1015:
947:labour movement
795:social equality
780:
742:
737:
736:
735:
715:
705:
704:
703:
679:Hung parliament
674:Grand coalition
643:
642:between parties
632:
631:
626:
617:
598:
584:
574:
573:
572:
568:Party switching
563:Party-line vote
543:Conscience vote
537:
527:
526:
525:
495:
487:
486:
485:
441:Minority leader
436:Majority leader
400:
392:
391:
390:
323:Catch-all party
297:
289:
288:
287:
167:
156:
155:
150:
125:
95:
69:
51:Politics series
42:
39:Winger (sports)
35:
32:Leftism (album)
28:
23:
22:
18:Left (politics)
15:
12:
11:
5:
7341:
7331:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7305:
7304:
7287:
7285:from Wikibooks
7270:
7253:
7251:from Wikiquote
7236:
7219:
7202:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7157:
7145:
7122:
7121:
7119:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6978:
6976:
6972:
6971:
6969:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6947:
6946:
6941:
6931:
6926:
6925:
6924:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6902:Libertarianism
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6877:Fundamentalism
6874:
6869:
6868:
6867:
6865:Third Position
6862:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6841:
6840:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6746:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6682:
6679:
6678:
6671:
6670:
6663:
6656:
6648:
6639:
6638:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6559:Green politics
6556:
6551:
6546:
6544:Libertarianism
6541:
6536:
6527:
6524:
6523:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6504:Overton window
6501:
6496:
6491:
6482:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6454:Social fascism
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6407:
6404:
6403:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6369:Christian Left
6366:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6186:
6185:
6178:
6171:
6163:
6157:
6156:
6141:
6126:
6119:
6093:
6088:978-1137471116
6087:
6057:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6017:
5985:
5953:
5933:
5910:(4): 459–475.
5890:
5828:
5797:(3): 329–363.
5777:
5722:
5689:1970s in Italy
5621:
5589:
5587:, 2007. p. 20.
5572:
5566:978-0711920835
5565:
5547:
5541:978-0226893563
5540:
5518:
5485:
5472:
5457:. 7 May 2009.
5442:
5410:
5403:
5381:
5374:
5352:
5345:
5317:
5292:
5280:
5253:
5226:
5199:
5173:
5147:
5121:
5114:
5092:
5066:
5040:
5014:
4989:
4956:
4940:
4927:
4901:
4895:978-0317295580
4894:
4876:
4842:
4798:(3): 407–420.
4775:
4756:
4743:Winock, Michel
4734:
4723:
4699:
4669:
4643:
4613:
4583:
4547:
4517:
4490:
4476:
4456:
4420:
4411:Comedy Central
4406:The Daily Show
4392:
4366:
4327:
4310:
4295:
4276:
4257:
4190:
4175:
4169:978-1572301184
4168:
4160:Guilford Press
4146:
4116:
4080:(4): 431–458.
4055:
4029:
4023:978-0312219406
4022:
4004:
3999:Marx's Ecology
3986:
3959:
3952:
3930:
3927:. p. 202.
3911:
3892:
3860:
3830:
3799:
3782:The New School
3769:
3737:
3730:
3702:
3695:
3673:
3662:
3632:
3596:
3564:
3554:978-0415202855
3553:
3529:
3472:
3463:978-1594032646
3462:
3438:
3428:
3402:
3389:978-1608460731
3388:
3362:
3359:. p. 248.
3347:
3337:
3304:
3297:
3275:
3268:
3241:
3235:978-0745308913
3234:
3212:
3198:
3174:
3147:
3140:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3028:
2947:Campaign Group
2877:radicalization
2798:private sector
2725:
2722:
2649:Reconstruction
2618:Rosa Luxemburg
2614:Vladimir Lenin
2600:and later the
2553:class struggle
2472:Left and Right
2413:
2410:
2298:Rosa Luxemburg
2208:contraceptives
2156:women's rights
2127:
2126:
2091:of the subject
2089:worldwide view
2084:
2082:
2075:
2056:Counterculture
2051:
2048:
2028:, such as the
1987:social justice
1949:movement, the
1939:secularization
1920:Vladimir Lenin
1864:Christian left
1843:
1840:
1816:pan-Africanism
1796:decolonization
1774:Third-Worldism
1750:European Union
1640:centralisation
1589:class interest
1563:Alfred Dreyfus
1559:Dreyfus Affair
1552:Eugène Etienne
1532:colonial lobby
1524:Maurice Barrès
1451:
1448:
1444:Green New Deal
1395:to capitalist
1330:Barry Commoner
1307:Trofim Lysenko
1282:William Morris
1267:Green politics
1254:
1251:
1209:municipalities
1127:workers' state
1022:
1019:
1014:
1011:
848:secularisation
799:egalitarianism
782:
781:
779:
778:
771:
764:
756:
753:
752:
739:
738:
734:
733:
728:
723:
717:
716:
711:
710:
707:
706:
702:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
645:
644:
638:
637:
634:
633:
628:
627:
625:
624:
618:
616:
615:
610:
605:
603:Dominant-party
599:
597:
596:
590:
585:
580:
579:
576:
575:
571:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
539:
538:
533:
532:
529:
528:
524:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
497:
496:
493:
492:
489:
488:
484:
483:
478:
476:Shadow cabinet
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
426:Lead candidate
423:
418:
413:
408:
402:
401:
398:
397:
394:
393:
389:
388:
379:
374:
369:
367:Party of power
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
286:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
233:Libertarianism
230:
225:
220:
215:
213:Green politics
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
169:
168:
162:
161:
158:
157:
152:
151:
149:
148:
143:
137:
134:
133:
127:
126:
124:
123:
118:
116:Radical Centre
113:
107:
104:
103:
97:
96:
94:
93:
88:
82:
79:
78:
70:
65:
64:
61:
60:
58:Party politics
54:
53:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7340:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7313:
7302:from Wikidata
7301:
7300:
7288:
7284:
7283:
7271:
7267:
7266:
7254:
7250:
7249:
7237:
7234:from Wikinews
7233:
7232:
7220:
7216:
7215:
7203:
7199:
7198:
7186:
7185:
7182:
7176:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7133:
7130:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7086:Progressivism
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7046:Individualism
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6988:
6985:
6984:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6973:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6935:
6934:Republicanism
6932:
6930:
6927:
6923:
6920:
6919:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6857:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6839:
6838:Social credit
6836:
6835:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6767:
6761:
6760:Revolutionary
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6680:
6676:
6669:
6664:
6662:
6657:
6655:
6650:
6649:
6646:
6635:
6634:Triangulation
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6614:Individualism
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6584:Revolutionary
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6554:Progressivism
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6429:Liberal elite
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6290:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6253:Ultra-leftism
6251:
6249:
6246:
6245:
6243:
6238:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6195:
6191:
6184:
6179:
6177:
6172:
6170:
6165:
6164:
6161:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6138:0-19-504479-7
6135:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6116:0-19-512088-4
6113:
6109:
6108:Dan Georgakas
6105:
6101:
6100:Mari Jo Buhle
6097:
6094:
6090:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6059:
6038:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6021:
6005:
6001:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5973:
5969:
5968:
5963:
5957:
5949:
5948:
5943:
5937:
5930:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5832:
5825:
5820:
5816:
5812:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5781:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5637:
5632:
5625:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5586:
5582:
5576:
5568:
5562:
5558:
5551:
5543:
5537:
5533:
5529:
5522:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5476:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5446:
5430:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5406:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5385:
5377:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5356:
5348:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5333:Fontana Press
5330:
5329:
5321:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5289:
5288:Michel Winock
5284:
5268:
5264:
5257:
5241:
5237:
5230:
5214:
5210:
5203:
5187:
5183:
5177:
5161:
5157:
5151:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5117:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5080:
5076:
5070:
5054:
5050:
5044:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4993:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4952:Sacred Causes
4949:
4944:
4937:
4931:
4915:
4911:
4905:
4897:
4891:
4887:
4880:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4846:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4786:
4779:
4771:
4767:
4760:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4738:
4731:
4726:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4711:
4703:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4673:
4657:
4653:
4647:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4617:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4587:
4579:
4573:
4557:
4551:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4521:
4505:
4502:. Raj Patel.
4501:
4494:
4479:
4477:9781888363821
4473:
4469:
4468:
4460:
4444:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4396:
4380:
4376:
4370:
4351:
4347:
4346:
4338:
4331:
4323:
4322:
4314:
4306:
4299:
4291:
4287:
4280:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4201:
4194:
4186:
4179:
4171:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4150:
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3946:. p. 2.
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3814:
3810:
3807:Munro, John.
3803:
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3615:
3610:
3606:
3605:Harvey, Fiona
3600:
3581:
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3568:
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3560:persuasion...
3556:
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3370:Maass, Alan;
3366:
3358:
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3340:
3334:
3330:
3325:
3324:
3315:
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3311:
3309:
3300:
3298:9780275958695
3294:
3290:
3289:Praeger Press
3286:
3279:
3271:
3265:
3261:
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3250:
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3199:9780521563543
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3141:9781551113340
3137:
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3025:
3021:
3016:
3015:Jeremy Corbyn
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:Western world
2923:
2922:Deng Xiaoping
2919:
2915:
2914:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2837:eco-terrorism
2834:
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2826:
2822:
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2814:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2794:public sector
2791:
2790:mixed economy
2787:
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2611:
2607:
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2595:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2566:and create a
2565:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2523:Second Empire
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:in Versailles
2441:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2418:American Left
2409:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:Daniel Guérin
2395:
2394:Bayard Rustin
2391:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2365:Radical Women
2362:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
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2283:
2278:
2276:
2273:, especially
2272:
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2252:
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2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2227:
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2217:
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2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2172:death penalty
2169:
2168:Western world
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
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2133:
2123:
2120:
2112:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2030:Respect Party
2027:
2023:
2020:thought with
2019:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1961:movement and
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1947:Social Gospel
1944:
1940:
1936:
1935:Western world
1933:Today in the
1931:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1886:anti-clerical
1883:
1880:The original
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1746:supranational
1743:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1691:Joseph Stalin
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1654:Fredy Perlman
1651:
1650:
1645:
1644:Rudolf Rocker
1641:
1636:
1635:working class
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1585:working class
1582:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:Léon Gambetta
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1518:
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1507:
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1367:
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1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1326:eco-socialist
1323:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:pseudoscience
1300:
1299:Joseph Stalin
1297:rule, before
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1259:Eco-socialism
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:confederation
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:decentralized
1191:believe in a
1190:
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1100:
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1091:, especially
1090:
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1082:
1081:globalization
1078:
1074:
1071:. During the
1070:
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1053:social market
1050:
1046:
1045:welfare state
1042:
1036:
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1010:
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1000:
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900:
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892:
891:republicanism
888:
884:
880:
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867:
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861:
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849:
845:
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838:
834:
833:Ancien Régime
830:
826:
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821:
816:
812:
807:
804:
800:
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792:
788:
777:
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770:
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708:
700:
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619:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
595:
592:
591:
589:
588:
583:
582:Party systems
578:
577:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
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551:
549:
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544:
541:
540:
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424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
396:
395:
387:
386:International
383:
382:Transnational
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
339:
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304:
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300:
293:
292:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
263:Republicanism
261:
259:
256:
254:
253:Progressivism
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
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221:
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214:
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196:
194:
191:
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186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
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160:
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7246:
7229:
7217:from Commons
7212:
7195:
7174:
6994:Collectivism
6833:Distributism
6818:Conservatism
6813:Confucianism
6733:Centre-right
6717:
6599:Collectivism
6528:
6483:
6408:
6358:
6334:Conservatism
6293:
6248:Post-leftism
6241:
6221:Centre-Right
6205:
6129:
6128:Geoff Eley,
6122:
6095:
6066:
6063:Best, Steven
6041:. Retrieved
6032:The Guardian
6030:
6020:
6008:. Retrieved
5997:
5988:
5976:. Retrieved
5965:
5956:
5945:
5936:
5927:
5907:
5903:
5893:
5885:
5845:
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5831:
5822:
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5790:
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5735:
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5725:
5686:
5640:
5634:
5624:
5612:. Retrieved
5605:the original
5592:
5580:
5575:
5556:
5550:
5527:
5521:
5509:. Retrieved
5498:
5488:
5481:Mother Jones
5480:
5479:Reported in
5475:
5463:. Retrieved
5454:
5445:
5433:. Retrieved
5429:the original
5422:
5413:
5390:
5384:
5361:
5355:
5327:
5320:
5308:. Retrieved
5304:
5295:
5283:
5271:. Retrieved
5256:
5244:. Retrieved
5229:
5217:. Retrieved
5202:
5190:. Retrieved
5176:
5164:. Retrieved
5150:
5138:. Retrieved
5124:
5101:
5095:
5083:. Retrieved
5069:
5057:. Retrieved
5043:
5031:. Retrieved
5017:
4997:
4992:
4980:. Retrieved
4976:the original
4969:
4959:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4930:
4918:. Retrieved
4904:
4885:
4879:
4867:. Retrieved
4858:
4845:
4833:. Retrieved
4795:
4791:
4778:
4765:
4759:
4750:
4746:
4737:
4728:
4709:
4702:
4690:. Retrieved
4681:
4672:
4660:. Retrieved
4646:
4634:. Retrieved
4625:
4616:
4604:. Retrieved
4600:the original
4586:
4560:. Retrieved
4550:
4538:. Retrieved
4534:the original
4520:
4508:. Retrieved
4493:
4481:. Retrieved
4466:
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4436:
4429:James Hansen
4423:
4415:the original
4404:
4395:
4383:. Retrieved
4379:the original
4369:
4357:. Retrieved
4350:the original
4343:
4330:
4319:
4313:
4304:
4298:
4285:
4279:
4266:
4260:
4250:20 September
4248:. Retrieved
4215:(3): 52–72.
4212:
4206:
4193:
4184:
4178:
4158:. New York:
4155:
4149:
4137:. Retrieved
4133:the original
4119:
4108:the original
4077:
4071:
4058:
4046:. Retrieved
4042:the original
4032:
4013:
4007:
3998:
3977:. Retrieved
3962:
3939:
3933:
3920:
3914:
3904:. New York:
3901:
3895:
3883:. Retrieved
3879:the original
3872:
3863:
3851:. Retrieved
3842:
3833:
3821:. Retrieved
3817:the original
3802:
3790:. Retrieved
3786:the original
3772:
3760:. Retrieved
3749:
3740:
3712:
3705:
3682:
3676:
3667:
3648:. Florence:
3643:
3635:
3623:. Retrieved
3614:The Guardian
3612:
3599:
3587:. Retrieved
3580:the original
3567:
3558:
3539:
3532:
3520:. Retrieved
3492:
3488:
3475:
3467:
3448:
3441:
3433:
3415:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3375:
3372:Zinn, Howard
3365:
3356:
3350:
3342:
3322:
3284:
3278:
3258:. New York:
3255:
3221:
3215:
3203:. Retrieved
3184:
3177:
3158:
3150:
3125:
3096:
2983:Gordon Brown
2975:Keynesianism
2971:Labour Party
2964:
2950:
2945:such as the
2936:
2934:
2929:
2911:
2909:
2897:conspiracism
2817:radical left
2816:
2812:
2810:
2782:progressives
2749:
2745:
2741:
2727:
2715:
2709:
2706:Shostakovich
2699:
2696:Eastern Bloc
2689:
2685:conservatism
2668:
2664:
2637:Thomas Paine
2629:progressives
2622:
2587:
2582:
2534:
2515:Napoleon III
2496:
2464:Third Estate
2447:
2445:
2350:
2334:Annie Besant
2330:Helen Keller
2318:Emma Goldman
2302:Clara Zetkin
2290:Thomas Paine
2279:
2231:labour union
2228:
2184:war on drugs
2152:LGBTQ rights
2148:civil rights
2130:
2115:
2106:
2086:
2041:
2022:Christianity
2007:
1995:human rights
1932:
1924:Christianity
1901:
1879:
1832:South Africa
1782:Second World
1754:Eurosceptics
1739:
1735:Maoist China
1719:Leon Trotsky
1714:
1710:
1698:
1694:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1647:
1607:ruling class
1596:
1577:social class
1571:
1479:
1425:
1405:Noam Chomsky
1401:James Hansen
1359:
1351:
1333:
1315:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1248:
1205:cooperatives
1197:trade unions
1179:
1165:thought the
1125:
1119:
1101:
1077:trade unions
1038:
1016:
970:
938:
914:
898:
882:
870:
868:
863:
859:
856:Independents
855:
851:
818:
814:
808:
786:
785:
622:Non-partisan
461:Party leader
421:Frontbencher
416:Caucus chair
352:Ruling party
333:Ethnic party
313:Cartel party
193:Conservatism
141:Centre-Right
121:Centre-Right
75:
49:Part of the
43:
7197:Definitions
7096:Regionalism
7041:Imperialism
7004:Culturalism
6999:Colonialism
6929:Nationalism
6850:Familialism
6828:Corporatism
6798:Communalism
6778:Agrarianism
6755:Reactionary
6723:Centre-left
6589:Reactionary
6569:Corporatism
6549:Syndicalism
6499:Nolan Chart
6444:Red fascist
6379:Muslim Left
6374:Jewish Left
6339:Nationalism
6211:Centre-Left
6043:15 November
5712:kidnappings
5659:: 381–400.
5645:Los Angeles
5530:. Chicago:
5246:15 November
5219:15 November
5192:15 November
5166:15 November
5140:15 November
4662:15 November
4636:15 November
4606:15 November
4540:15 November
4510:15 November
4229:1959.3/1924
3906:Verso Books
3625:12 December
3226:Pluto Press
3205:15 November
3077:Red-baiting
3007:Ed Miliband
2928:, the term
2920:enacted by
2905:nationalism
2857:Trotskyists
2742:centre-left
2740:. The term
2730:centre-left
2610:World War I
2557:proletarian
2499:nationalism
2486:during the
2422:French Left
2386:Oscar Wilde
2373:Selma James
2280:Many early
2275:Trotskyists
2216:libertarian
2109:August 2021
2014:progressive
1971:Robert Owen
1957:, the anti-
1884:was firmly
1882:French Left
1872:Jewish left
1820:pan-Arabism
1789:Third World
1778:First World
1742:Europeanism
1703:proletariat
1619:nationalism
1603:bourgeoisie
1556:antisemitic
1548:Republicans
1536:Jules Ferry
1520:Jean Jaurès
1506:imperialism
1490:nationalism
1486:imperialism
1482:nationality
1417:The Yes Men
1413:Naomi Klein
1397:consumerism
1391:has traced
1389:Evo Morales
1253:Environment
1157:Das Kapital
1089:centre-left
967:syndicalism
935:centre-left
907:monarchists
881:, the term
858:. The word
809:Within the
613:Multi-party
456:Party chair
406:Backbencher
342:Minor party
338:Major party
318:Competitive
308:Elite party
243:Nationalism
173:Agrarianism
111:Centre-Left
91:Centre-Left
7312:Categories
7248:Quotations
7111:Syncretism
7101:Separatism
7061:Militarism
7031:Federalism
6917:Monarchism
6897:Liberalism
6788:Capitalism
6738:Right-wing
6434:Loony left
6324:Liberalism
6121:Lin Chun,
6104:Paul Buhle
5848:: 666717.
5335:. p.
5331:. London:
4920:16 October
4835:25 October
4692:16 October
4438:The Nation
4290:UNSW Press
4288:. Sydney:
3942:. Durham:
3720:. p.
3669:societies.
3652:. p.
3224:. London:
3167:. p.
3106:References
3087:Redwashing
3026:measures.
2995:neoliberal
2991:New Labour
2979:Tony Blair
2901:xenophobia
2825:autonomism
2758:capitalism
2750:ultra-left
2738:ultra-left
2708:'s opera (
2681:liberalism
2677:Republican
2673:Democratic
2669:right-wing
2564:capitalism
2456:Montagnard
2416:See also:
2224:John Dewey
2182:, and the
2054:See also:
2010:Protestant
1916:Bolsheviks
1846:See also:
1761:free trade
1758:neoliberal
1731:Trotskyist
1579:theory of
1567:Boulangism
1534:" such as
1498:revanchism
1454:See also:
1440:carbon tax
1378:green left
1374:Derek Wall
1370:Siân Berry
1366:Green Left
1328:ideology.
1322:green bans
1311:Mao Zedong
1291:Proletkult
1257:See also:
1185:anarchists
1171:Mao Zedong
1140:capitalist
1025:See also:
887:liberalism
640:Coalitions
558:Party line
347:Mass party
303:Bloc party
278:Syncretism
238:Monarchism
228:Liberalism
165:Ideologies
131:Right-Wing
7282:Textbooks
7155:Socialism
7091:Reformism
7076:Pluralism
7036:Globalism
7026:Extremism
6961:Third Way
6956:Socialism
6939:Classical
6912:Masculism
6803:Communism
6783:Anarchism
6743:Far-right
6718:Left-wing
6469:Soft left
6424:Hard left
6314:Socialism
6309:Communism
6299:Anarchism
6283:New Right
6273:Third Way
6231:Far-Right
6098:, ed. by
5924:0967-067X
5864:2297-7775
5819:154330828
5811:0007-1234
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5764:2159-8282
5756:2159-8312
5683:234835036
5675:1741-2609
5583:. Paris:
5557:Prokofiev
4800:CiteSeerX
4449:6 October
4237:144372855
4104:145169737
4082:CiteSeerX
3823:23 August
3792:23 August
3329:Routledge
3082:Red Scare
3024:austerity
2987:Third Way
2966:soft left
2943:Tony Benn
2938:hard left
2885:terrorism
2869:extremist
2829:communism
2821:anarchism
2665:left-wing
2576:classless
2572:moneyless
2568:stateless
2561:bourgeois
2541:Karl Marx
2519:1851 coup
2507:democracy
2503:socialism
2390:Harry Hay
2342:bourgeois
2310:anarchist
2282:feminists
2101:talk page
2018:socialist
1908:Karl Marx
1836:Naxalites
1679:Bolshevik
1517:Socialist
1409:Raj Patel
1356:magazine.
1241:corporate
1132:Leninists
1108:Karl Marx
1097:Third Way
1063:, to the
1041:Keynesian
1021:Economics
1013:Positions
971:left-wing
959:communism
955:anarchism
951:socialism
897:than the
871:left-wing
864:left-wing
608:Two-party
594:One-party
511:Open list
471:Secretary
283:Third Way
273:Socialism
188:Communism
178:Anarchism
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7143:Politics
7081:Populism
7071:Pacifism
7066:Nihilism
7056:Localism
6975:See also
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6892:Islamism
6887:Hindutva
6872:Feminism
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5999:BBC News
5972:Archived
5967:BBC News
5882:34179182
5708:sabotage
5697:militant
5585:Larousse
5505:Archived
5459:Archived
5455:The Week
5267:Archived
5240:Archived
5213:Archived
5186:Archived
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5004:, 2008,
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4863:Archived
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2889:militant
2881:genocide
2843:and the
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2746:far-left
2734:far-left
2701:Guernica
2694:and the
2659:and the
2480:monarchy
2476:republic
2348:events.
2271:Marxists
2259:Old Left
2190:rights,
2188:abortion
2095:You may
2060:New Left
2032:and the
1983:pacifism
1977:and the
1965:. Early
1896:and the
1842:Religion
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6966:Zionism
6907:Marxism
6855:Fascism
6750:Radical
6474:Wingnut
6439:Moonbat
6344:Fascism
6304:Marxism
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5978:4 April
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5435:4 April
4596:YouTube
4530:YouTube
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3853:23 June
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2176:torture
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2026:Muslims
1903:laïcité
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2247:gender
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1999:wealth
1953:, the
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6045:2016
6012:2018
5980:2010
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